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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head>
+<meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="Content-Type" />
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+<title>Apache IP-based Virtual Host Support - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</title>
+<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
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+</script>
+
+<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
+<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
+<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
+<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</p>
+<img alt="" src="../images/feather.png" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="&lt;-" alt="&lt;-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<div id="path">
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> &gt; <a href="../">Version 2.4</a> &gt; <a href="./">Virtual Hosts</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Apache IP-based Virtual Host Support</h1>
+<div class="toplang">
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/vhosts/ip-based.html" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="../fr/vhosts/ip-based.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français">&nbsp;fr&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="../ja/vhosts/ip-based.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese">&nbsp;ja&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="../ko/vhosts/ip-based.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean">&nbsp;ko&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="../tr/vhosts/ip-based.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe">&nbsp;tr&nbsp;</a></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div id="quickview"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/contributing.html" class="badge"><img src="https://www.apache.org/images/SupportApache-small.png" alt="Support Apache!" /></a><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#explanation">What is IP-based virtual hosting</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#requirements">System requirements</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#howto">How to set up Apache</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#multiple">Setting up multiple daemons</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#single">Setting up a single daemon
+ with virtual hosts</a></li>
+</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li>
+<a href="name-based.html">Name-based Virtual Hosts Support</a>
+</li><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="section">
+<h2><a name="explanation" id="explanation">What is IP-based virtual hosting</a></h2>
+<p>IP-based virtual hosting is a method to apply different directives
+based on the IP address and port a request is received on. Most commonly,
+this is used to serve different websites on different ports or interfaces.</p>
+
+<p>In many cases, <a href="name-based.html">name-based
+virtual hosts</a> are more convenient, because they allow
+many virtual hosts to share a single address/port.
+See <a href="name-based.html#namevip">Name-based vs. IP-based
+Virtual Hosts</a> to help you decide. </p>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="section">
+<h2><a name="requirements" id="requirements">System requirements</a></h2>
+
+ <p>As the term <cite>IP-based</cite> indicates, the server
+ <strong>must have a different IP address/port combination for each IP-based
+ virtual host</strong>. This can be achieved by the machine
+ having several physical network connections, or by use of
+ virtual interfaces which are supported by most modern operating
+ systems (see system documentation for details, these are
+ frequently called "ip aliases", and the "ifconfig" command is
+ most commonly used to set them up), and/or using multiple
+ port numbers.</p>
+
+ <p> In the terminology of Apache HTTP Server, using a single IP address
+ but multiple TCP ports, is also IP-based virtual hosting.</p>
+
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="section">
+<h2><a name="howto" id="howto">How to set up Apache</a></h2>
+
+ <p>There are two ways of configuring apache to support multiple
+ hosts. Either by running a separate <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> daemon for
+ each hostname, or by running a single daemon which supports all the
+ virtual hosts.</p>
+
+ <p>Use multiple daemons when:</p>
+
+ <ul>
+ <li>There are security partitioning issues, such as company1
+ does not want anyone at company2 to be able to read their
+ data except via the web. In this case you would need two
+ daemons, each running with different <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_unixd.html#user">User</a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_unixd.html#group">Group</a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code>, and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</a></code> settings.</li>
+
+ <li>You can afford the memory and file descriptor
+ requirements of listening to every IP alias on the
+ machine. It's only possible to <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code> to the "wildcard"
+ address, or to specific addresses. So if you have a need to
+ listen to a specific address for whatever reason, then you
+ will need to listen to all specific addresses. (Although one
+ <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> could listen to N-1 of the addresses, and another could
+ listen to the remaining address.)</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <p>Use a single daemon when:</p>
+
+ <ul>
+ <li>Sharing of the httpd configuration between virtual hosts
+ is acceptable.</li>
+
+ <li>The machine services a large number of requests, and so
+ the performance loss in running separate daemons may be
+ significant.</li>
+ </ul>
+
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="section">
+<h2><a name="multiple" id="multiple">Setting up multiple daemons</a></h2>
+
+ <p>Create a separate <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> installation for each
+ virtual host. For each installation, use the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code> directive in the
+ configuration file to select which IP address (or virtual host)
+ that daemon services. e.g.</p>
+
+ <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Listen 192.0.2.100:80</pre>
+
+
+ <p>It is recommended that you use an IP address instead of a
+ hostname (see <a href="../dns-caveats.html">DNS caveats</a>).</p>
+
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="section">
+<h2><a name="single" id="single">Setting up a single daemon
+ with virtual hosts</a></h2>
+
+ <p>For this case, a single <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> will service
+ requests for the main server and all the virtual hosts. The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost">VirtualHost</a></code> directive
+ in the configuration file is used to set the values of <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serveradmin">ServerAdmin</a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#transferlog">TransferLog</a></code>
+ or <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code>
+ configuration directives to different values for each virtual
+ host. e.g.</p>
+
+ <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">&lt;VirtualHost 172.20.30.40:80&gt;
+ ServerAdmin webmaster@www1.example.com
+ DocumentRoot "/www/vhosts/www1"
+ ServerName www1.example.com
+ ErrorLog "/www/logs/www1/error_log"
+ CustomLog "/www/logs/www1/access_log" combined
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
+
+&lt;VirtualHost 172.20.30.50:80&gt;
+ ServerAdmin webmaster@www2.example.org
+ DocumentRoot "/www/vhosts/www2"
+ ServerName www2.example.org
+ ErrorLog "/www/logs/www2/error_log"
+ CustomLog "/www/logs/www2/access_log" combined
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;</pre>
+
+
+ <p>It is recommended that you use an IP address instead of a
+ hostname in the &lt;VirtualHost&gt; directive
+ (see <a href="../dns-caveats.html">DNS caveats</a>).</p>
+
+ <p> Specific IP addresses or ports have precedence over their wildcard
+ equivalents, and any virtual host that matches has precedence over
+ the servers base configuration.</p>
+
+ <p>Almost <strong>any</strong> configuration directive can be
+ put in the VirtualHost directive, with the exception of
+ directives that control process creation and a few other
+ directives. To find out if a directive can be used in the
+ VirtualHost directive, check the <a href="../mod/directive-dict.html#Context">Context</a> using the
+ <a href="../mod/quickreference.html">directive index</a>.</p>
+
+ <p><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_suexec.html#suexecusergroup">SuexecUserGroup</a></code>
+ may be used inside a
+ VirtualHost directive if the <a href="../suexec.html">suEXEC
+ wrapper</a> is used.</p>
+
+ <p><em>SECURITY:</em> When specifying where to write log files,
+ be aware of some security risks which are present if anyone
+ other than the user that starts Apache has write access to the
+ directory where they are written. See the <a href="../misc/security_tips.html">security tips</a> document
+ for details.</p>
+
+</div></div>
+<div class="bottomlang">
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/vhosts/ip-based.html" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="../fr/vhosts/ip-based.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français">&nbsp;fr&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="../ja/vhosts/ip-based.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese">&nbsp;ja&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="../ko/vhosts/ip-based.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean">&nbsp;ko&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="../tr/vhosts/ip-based.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe">&nbsp;tr&nbsp;</a></p>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="../images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">Comments</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&amp;A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. Questions on how to manage the Apache HTTP Server should be directed at either our IRC channel, #httpd, on Libera.chat, or sent to our <a href="https://httpd.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</div>
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