This file is declare.def, from which is created declare.c.
It implements the builtins "declare" and "local" in Bash.

Copyright (C) 1987-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.

Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.

Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with Bash.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

$PRODUCES declare.c

$BUILTIN declare
$FUNCTION declare_builtin
$SHORT_DOC declare [-aAfFgiIlnrtux] [-p] [name[=value] ...]
Set variable values and attributes.

Declare variables and give them attributes.  If no NAMEs are given,
display the attributes and values of all variables.

Options:
  -f	restrict action or display to function names and definitions
  -F	restrict display to function names only (plus line number and
		source file when debugging)
  -g	create global variables when used in a shell function; otherwise
		ignored
  -I	if creating a local variable, inherit the attributes and value
		of a variable with the same name at a previous scope
  -p	display the attributes and value of each NAME

Options which set attributes:
  -a	to make NAMEs indexed arrays (if supported)
  -A	to make NAMEs associative arrays (if supported)
  -i	to make NAMEs have the `integer' attribute
  -l	to convert the value of each NAME to lower case on assignment
  -n	make NAME a reference to the variable named by its value
  -r	to make NAMEs readonly
  -t	to make NAMEs have the `trace' attribute
  -u	to convert the value of each NAME to upper case on assignment
  -x	to make NAMEs export

Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the given attribute.

Variables with the integer attribute have arithmetic evaluation (see
the `let' command) performed when the variable is assigned a value.

When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the `local'
command.  The `-g' option suppresses this behavior.

Exit Status:
Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or a variable
assignment error occurs.
$END

$BUILTIN typeset
$FUNCTION declare_builtin
$SHORT_DOC typeset [-aAfFgiIlnrtux] [-p] name[=value] ...
Set variable values and attributes.

A synonym for `declare'.  See `help declare'.
$END

#include <config.h>

#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
#  ifdef _MINIX
#    include <sys/types.h>
#  endif
#  include <unistd.h>
#endif

#include <stdio.h>

#include "../bashansi.h"
#include "../bashintl.h"

#include "../shell.h"
#include "../flags.h"
#include "common.h"
#include "builtext.h"
#include "bashgetopt.h"

static SHELL_VAR *declare_find_variable PARAMS((const char *, int, int));
static int declare_internal PARAMS((register WORD_LIST *, int));

/* Declare or change variable attributes. */
int
declare_builtin (list)
     register WORD_LIST *list;
{
  return (declare_internal (list, 0));
}

$BUILTIN local
$FUNCTION local_builtin
$SHORT_DOC local [option] name[=value] ...
Define local variables.

Create a local variable called NAME, and give it VALUE.  OPTION can
be any option accepted by `declare'.

Local variables can only be used within a function; they are visible
only to the function where they are defined and its children.

Exit Status:
Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied, a variable
assignment error occurs, or the shell is not executing a function.
$END
int
local_builtin (list)
     register WORD_LIST *list;
{
  /* Catch a straight `local --help' before checking function context */
  if (list && list->word && STREQ (list->word->word, "--help"))
    {
      builtin_help ();
      return (EX_USAGE);
    }
    
  if (variable_context)
    return (declare_internal (list, 1));
  else
    {
      builtin_error (_("can only be used in a function"));
      return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
    }
}

#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
#  define DECLARE_OPTS	"+acfgilnprtuxAFGI"
#else
#  define DECLARE_OPTS	"+cfgilnprtuxFGI"
#endif

static SHELL_VAR *
declare_find_variable (name, mkglobal, chklocal)
     const char *name;
     int mkglobal, chklocal;
{
  SHELL_VAR *var;

  if (mkglobal == 0)
    return (find_variable (name));
  else if (chklocal)
    {
      var = find_variable (name);
      if (var && local_p (var) && var->context == variable_context)
	return var;
      return (find_global_variable (name));
    }
  else
    return (find_global_variable (name));
}

/* The workhorse function. */
static int
declare_internal (list, local_var)
     register WORD_LIST *list;
     int local_var;
{
  int flags_on, flags_off, *flags;
  int any_failed, assign_error, pflag, nodefs, opt, onref, offref;
  int mkglobal, chklocal, inherit_flag;
  char *t, *subscript_start;
  SHELL_VAR *var, *refvar, *v;
  FUNCTION_DEF *shell_fn;

  flags_on = flags_off = any_failed = assign_error = pflag = nodefs = 0;
  mkglobal = chklocal = inherit_flag = 0;
  refvar = (SHELL_VAR *)NULL;
  reset_internal_getopt ();
  while ((opt = internal_getopt (list, DECLARE_OPTS)) != -1)
    {
      flags = list_opttype == '+' ? &flags_off : &flags_on;

      /* If you add options here, see whether or not they need to be added to
	 the loop in subst.c:shell_expand_word_list() */
      switch (opt)
	{
	case 'a':
#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
	  *flags |= att_array;
	  break;
#else
	  builtin_usage ();
	  return (EX_USAGE);
#endif
	case 'A':
#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
	  *flags |= att_assoc;
	  break;
#else
	  builtin_usage ();
	  return (EX_USAGE);
#endif
	case 'p':
/*	  if (local_var == 0) */
	    pflag++;
	  break;
        case 'F':
	  nodefs++;
	  *flags |= att_function;
	  break;
	case 'f':
	  *flags |= att_function;
	  break;
	case 'G':
	  if (flags == &flags_on)
	    chklocal = 1;
	  /*FALLTHROUGH*/
	case 'g':
	  if (flags == &flags_on)
	    mkglobal = 1;
	  break;
	case 'i':
	  *flags |= att_integer;
	  break;
	case 'n':
	  *flags |= att_nameref;
	  break;
	case 'r':
	  *flags |= att_readonly;
	  break;
	case 't':
	  *flags |= att_trace;
	  break;
	case 'x':
	  *flags |= att_exported;
	  array_needs_making = 1;
	  break;
#if defined (CASEMOD_ATTRS)
#  if defined (CASEMOD_CAPCASE)
	 case 'c':
	  *flags |= att_capcase;
	  if (flags == &flags_on)
	    flags_off |= att_uppercase|att_lowercase;
	  break;
#  endif
	case 'l':
	  *flags |= att_lowercase;
	  if (flags == &flags_on)
	    flags_off |= att_capcase|att_uppercase;
	  break;
	case 'u':
	  *flags |= att_uppercase;
	  if (flags == &flags_on)
	    flags_off |= att_capcase|att_lowercase;
	  break;
#endif /* CASEMOD_ATTRS */
	case 'I':
	  inherit_flag = MKLOC_INHERIT;
	  break;
	CASE_HELPOPT;
	default:
	  builtin_usage ();
	  return (EX_USAGE);
	}
    }

  list = loptend;

  /* If there are no more arguments left, then we just want to show
     some variables. */
  if (list == 0)	/* declare -[aAfFirtx] */
    {
      /* Show local variables defined at this context level if this is
	 the `local' builtin. */
      if (local_var)
	show_local_var_attributes (0, nodefs);	/* XXX - fix up args later */
      else if (pflag && (flags_on == 0 || flags_on == att_function))
	show_all_var_attributes (flags_on == 0, nodefs);
      else if (flags_on == 0)
	return (set_builtin ((WORD_LIST *)NULL));
      else
	set_or_show_attributes ((WORD_LIST *)NULL, flags_on, nodefs);

      return (sh_chkwrite (EXECUTION_SUCCESS));
    }

  if (pflag)	/* declare -p [-aAfFirtx] name [name...] */
    {
      for (any_failed = 0; list; list = list->next)
	{
	  if (flags_on & att_function)
	    pflag = show_func_attributes (list->word->word, nodefs);
	  else if (local_var)
	    pflag = show_localname_attributes (list->word->word, nodefs);
	  else
	    pflag = show_name_attributes (list->word->word, nodefs);
	  if (pflag)
	    {
	      sh_notfound (list->word->word);
	      any_failed++;
	    }
	}
      return (sh_chkwrite (any_failed ? EXECUTION_FAILURE : EXECUTION_SUCCESS));
    }

#define NEXT_VARIABLE() free (name); list = list->next; continue

  /* There are arguments left, so we are making variables. */
  while (list)		/* declare [-aAfFirx] name [name ...] */
    {
      char *value, *name, *oldname;
      int offset, aflags, wflags, created_var, namelen;
      int assoc_noexpand;
#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
      int making_array_special, compound_array_assign, simple_array_assign;
      int var_exists, array_exists, creating_array, array_subscript_assignment;
#endif

      name = savestring (list->word->word);
      wflags = list->word->flags;
#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
      assoc_noexpand = assoc_expand_once && (wflags & W_ASSIGNMENT);
#else
      assoc_noexpand = 0;
#endif
      offset = assignment (name, assoc_noexpand ? 2 : 0);
      aflags = 0;
      created_var = 0;

      if (local_var && variable_context && STREQ (name, "-"))
	{
	  var = make_local_variable ("-", 0);
	  FREE (value_cell (var));		/* just in case */
	  value = get_current_options ();
	  var_setvalue (var, value);
	  VSETATTR (var, att_invisible);
	  NEXT_VARIABLE ();
	}

      if (offset)	/* declare [-aAfFirx] name=value */
	{
	  name[offset] = '\0';
	  value = name + offset + 1;
	  if (name[offset - 1] == '+')
	    {
	      aflags |= ASS_APPEND;
	      name[offset - 1] = '\0';
	    }
	}
      else
	value = "";

      /* Do some lexical error checking on the LHS and RHS of the assignment
	 that is specific to nameref variables. */
      if (flags_on & att_nameref)
	{
#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
	  if (valid_array_reference (name, 0))
	    {
	      builtin_error (_("%s: reference variable cannot be an array"), name);
	      assign_error++;
	      NEXT_VARIABLE ();
	    }
	  else
#endif
	  /* disallow self references at global scope, warn at function scope */
	  if (check_selfref (name, value, 0))
	    {
	      if (variable_context == 0)
		{
		  builtin_error (_("%s: nameref variable self references not allowed"), name);
		  assign_error++;
		  NEXT_VARIABLE ();
		}
	      else
		builtin_warning (_("%s: circular name reference"), name);
	    }
#if 1
	  if (value && *value && (aflags & ASS_APPEND) == 0 && valid_nameref_value (value, 1) == 0)
	    {
	      builtin_error (_("`%s': invalid variable name for name reference"), value);
	      assign_error++;
	      NEXT_VARIABLE ();
	    }
#endif
	}

restart_new_var_name:
#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
      var_exists = array_exists = creating_array = 0;
      compound_array_assign = simple_array_assign = 0;
      array_subscript_assignment = 0;
      subscript_start = (char *)NULL;
      if ((t = strchr (name, '[')) && (flags_on & att_function) == 0)	/* ] */
	{
	  /* If offset != 0 we have already validated any array reference
	     because assignment() calls skipsubscript() */
	  if (offset == 0 && valid_array_reference (name, 0) == 0)
	    {
	      sh_invalidid (name);
	      assign_error++;
	      NEXT_VARIABLE ();
	    }
	  subscript_start = t;
	  *t = '\0';
	  making_array_special = 1;	/* XXX - should this check offset? */
	  array_subscript_assignment = offset != 0;
	}
      else
	making_array_special = 0;
#endif

      /* If we're in posix mode or not looking for a shell function (since
	 shell function names don't have to be valid identifiers when the
	 shell's not in posix mode), check whether or not the argument is a
	 valid, well-formed shell identifier. */
      if ((posixly_correct || (flags_on & att_function) == 0) && legal_identifier (name) == 0)
	{
	  sh_invalidid (name);
	  assign_error++;
	  NEXT_VARIABLE ();
	}

      /* If VARIABLE_CONTEXT has a non-zero value, then we are executing
	 inside of a function.  This means we should make local variables,
	 not global ones. */

      /* XXX - this has consequences when we're making a local copy of a
	       variable that was in the temporary environment.  Watch out
	       for this. */
      refvar = (SHELL_VAR *)NULL;
      if (variable_context && mkglobal == 0 && ((flags_on & att_function) == 0))
	{
	  char *newname;

	  /* check name for validity here? */
	  var = find_variable (name);
	  if (var == 0)
	    newname = nameref_transform_name (name, ASS_MKLOCAL);
	  else if ((flags_on & att_nameref) == 0 && (flags_off & att_nameref) == 0)
	    {
	      /* Ok, we're following namerefs here, so let's make sure that if
		 we followed one, it was at the same context (see below for
		 more details). */
	      refvar = find_variable_last_nameref (name, 1);
	      newname = (refvar && refvar->context != variable_context) ? name : var->name;
	      refvar = (SHELL_VAR *)NULL;
	    }
	  else
	    newname = name;	/* dealing with nameref attribute */

#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
	  /* Pass 1 as second argument to make_local_{assoc,array}_variable
	     return an existing {array,assoc} variable to be flagged as an
	     error below. */
	  if (flags_on & att_assoc)
	    var = make_local_assoc_variable (newname, MKLOC_ARRAYOK|inherit_flag);
	  else if ((flags_on & att_array) || making_array_special)
	    var = make_local_array_variable (newname, MKLOC_ASSOCOK|inherit_flag);
	  else
#endif
	  if (offset == 0 && (flags_on & att_nameref))
	    {
	      /* First look for refvar at current scope */
	      refvar = find_variable_last_nameref (name, 1);
	      /* VARIABLE_CONTEXT != 0, so we are attempting to create or modify
		 the attributes for a local variable at the same scope.  If we've
		 used a reference from a previous context to resolve VAR, we
		 want to throw REFVAR and VAR away and create a new local var. */
	      if (refvar && refvar->context != variable_context)
		{
		  refvar = 0;
		  var = make_local_variable (name, inherit_flag);
		}
	      else if (refvar && refvar->context == variable_context)
		var = refvar;
	      /* Maybe we just want to create a new local variable */
	      else if (var == 0 || var->context != variable_context)
		var = make_local_variable (name, inherit_flag);
	      /* otherwise we have a var at the right context */
	    }
	  else
	    /* XXX - check name for validity here with valid_nameref_value */
	    var = make_local_variable ((flags_on & att_nameref) ? name : newname, inherit_flag);	/* sets att_invisible for new vars */

	  if (var == 0)
	    {
	      any_failed++;
	      NEXT_VARIABLE ();
	    }
	  if (var && nameref_p (var) && readonly_p (var) && nameref_cell (var) && (flags_off & att_nameref))
	    {
	      sh_readonly (name);
	      any_failed++;
	      NEXT_VARIABLE ();
	    }
	}
      else
	var = (SHELL_VAR *)NULL;

      /* If we are declaring a function, then complain about it in some way.
	 We don't let people make functions by saying `typeset -f foo=bar'. */

      /* There should be a way, however, to let people look at a particular
	 function definition by saying `typeset -f foo'. */

      if (flags_on & att_function)
	{
	  if (offset)	/* declare -f [-rix] foo=bar */
	    {
	      builtin_error (_("cannot use `-f' to make functions"));
	      free (name);
	      return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
	    }
	  else		/* declare -f [-rx] name [name...] */
	    {
	      var = find_function (name);

	      if (var)
		{
		  if (readonly_p (var) && (flags_off & att_readonly))
		    {
		      builtin_error (_("%s: readonly function"), name);
		      any_failed++;
		      NEXT_VARIABLE ();
		    }
		  else if (flags_on & (att_array|att_assoc))
		    {
		      sh_invalidopt ((flags_on & att_array) ? "-a" : "-A");
		      any_failed++;
		      NEXT_VARIABLE ();
		    }
		  /* declare -[Ff] name [name...] */
		  if (flags_on == att_function && flags_off == 0)
		    {
#if defined (DEBUGGER)
		      if (nodefs && debugging_mode)
			{
			  shell_fn = find_function_def (var->name);
			  if (shell_fn)
			    printf ("%s %d %s\n", var->name, shell_fn->line, shell_fn->source_file);
			  else
			    printf ("%s\n", var->name);
			}
		      else
#endif /* DEBUGGER */
			{	
			  t = nodefs ? var->name
				     : named_function_string (name, function_cell (var), FUNC_MULTILINE|FUNC_EXTERNAL);
			  printf ("%s\n", t);
			  any_failed = sh_chkwrite (any_failed);
			}
		    }
		  else		/* declare -[fF] -[rx] name [name...] */
		    {
		      VSETATTR (var, flags_on);
		      flags_off &= ~att_function;	/* makes no sense */
		      VUNSETATTR (var, flags_off);
		    }
		}
	      else
		any_failed++;
	      NEXT_VARIABLE ();
	    }
	}
      else		/* declare -[aAinrx] name [name...] */
	{
	  /* Non-null if we just created or fetched a local variable. */
#if 0
	  /* This is bash-4.3 code. */
	  /* Here's what ksh93 seems to do.  If we are modifying an existing
	     nameref variable, we don't follow the nameref chain past the last
	     nameref, and we set the nameref variable's value so future
	     references to that variable will return the value of the variable
	     we're assigning right now. */
#else
	  /* Here's what ksh93 seems to do as of the 2012 version: if we are
	     using declare -n to modify the value of an existing nameref
	     variable, don't follow the nameref chain at all and just search
	     for a nameref at the current context.  If we have a nameref,
	     modify its value (changing which variable it references). */
#endif
	  if (var == 0 && (flags_on & att_nameref))
	    {
	      /* See if we are trying to modify an existing nameref variable,
		 but don't follow the nameref chain. */
	      var = mkglobal ? find_global_variable_noref (name) : find_variable_noref (name);
	      if (var && nameref_p (var) == 0)
		var = 0;
	    }
	  /* However, if we're turning off the nameref attribute on an existing
	     nameref variable, we first follow the nameref chain to the end,
	     modify the value of the variable this nameref variable references
	     if there is an assignment statement argument,
	     *CHANGING ITS VALUE AS A SIDE EFFECT*, then turn off the nameref
	     flag *LEAVING THE NAMEREF VARIABLE'S VALUE UNCHANGED* */
	  else if (var == 0 && (flags_off & att_nameref))
	    {
	      /* See if we are trying to modify an existing nameref variable */
	      refvar = mkglobal ? find_global_variable_last_nameref (name, 0) : find_variable_last_nameref (name, 0);
	      if (refvar && nameref_p (refvar) == 0)
		refvar = 0;
	      /* If the nameref is readonly but doesn't have a value, ksh93
		 allows the nameref attribute to be removed.  If it's readonly
		 and has a value, even if the value doesn't reference an
		 existing variable, we disallow the modification */
	      if (refvar && nameref_cell (refvar) && readonly_p (refvar))
		{
		  sh_readonly (name);
		  any_failed++;
		  NEXT_VARIABLE ();
		}

	      /* If all we're doing is turning off the nameref attribute, don't
		 bother with VAR at all, whether it exists or not. Just turn it
		 off and go on. */
	      if (refvar && flags_on == 0 && offset == 0 && (flags_off & ~att_nameref) == 0)
		{
		  VUNSETATTR (refvar, att_nameref);
		  NEXT_VARIABLE ();
		}

	      if (refvar)
		/* XXX - use declare_find_variable here? */
		var = mkglobal ? find_global_variable (nameref_cell (refvar)) : find_variable (nameref_cell (refvar));
	    }
#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
	  /* If we have an array assignment to a nameref, remove the nameref
	     attribute and go on. */
	  else if (var == 0 && offset && array_subscript_assignment)
	    {
	      var = mkglobal ? find_global_variable_noref (name) : find_variable_noref (name);
	      if (var && nameref_p (var))
		{
		  internal_warning (_("%s: removing nameref attribute"), name);
		  FREE (value_cell (var));		/* XXX - bash-4.3 compat */
		  var_setvalue (var, (char *)NULL);
		  VUNSETATTR (var, att_nameref);
		}
	    }
#endif

	  /* See if we are trying to set flags or value (or create) for an
	     existing nameref that points to a non-existent variable: e.g.,
		declare -n foo=bar
		unset foo	# unsets bar
		declare -i foo
		foo=4+4
		declare -p foo */
	  if (var == 0 && (mkglobal || flags_on || flags_off || offset))
	    {
	      refvar = mkglobal ? find_global_variable_last_nameref (name, 0) : find_variable_last_nameref (name, 0);
	      if (refvar && nameref_p (refvar) == 0)
		refvar = 0;
	      if (refvar)
		/* XXX - use declare_find_variable here? */
		var = mkglobal ? find_global_variable (nameref_cell (refvar)) : find_variable (nameref_cell (refvar));
	      if (refvar && var == 0)
		{
		  oldname = name;	/* need to free this */

		  namelen = strlen (nameref_cell (refvar));
#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
		  if (subscript_start)
		    {
		      *subscript_start = '[';		/*]*/
		      namelen +=  strlen (subscript_start);
		    }
#endif
		  name = xmalloc (namelen + 2 + strlen (value) + 1);
		  strcpy (name, nameref_cell (refvar));
#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
		  if (subscript_start)
		    strcpy (name + strlen (nameref_cell (refvar)), subscript_start);
#endif
		  /* We are committed to using the new name, so reset */
		  if (offset)
		    {
		      /* Rebuild assignment and restore offset and value */
		      if (aflags & ASS_APPEND)
			name[namelen++] = '+';
		      name[namelen++] = '=';
		      if (value && *value)
			strcpy (name + namelen, value);
		      else
			name[namelen] = '\0';
		      offset = assignment (name, 0);
		      /* if offset was valid previously, but the substituting
			 of the nameref value results in an invalid assignment,
			 throw an invalid identifier error */
		      if (offset == 0)
			{
			  free (oldname);
			  sh_invalidid (name);
			  assign_error++;
			  NEXT_VARIABLE ();
			}
		      name[offset] = '\0';
		      value = name + namelen;
		    }
		  free (oldname);

		  /* OK, let's turn off the nameref attribute.
		     Now everything else applies to VAR. */
		  if (flags_off & att_nameref)
		    VUNSETATTR (refvar, att_nameref);

		  goto restart_new_var_name;
		  /* NOTREACHED */
		}
	    }
	  if (var == 0)
	    var = declare_find_variable (name, mkglobal, chklocal);

#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
	  var_exists = var != 0;
	  array_exists = var && (array_p (var) || assoc_p (var));
	  creating_array = flags_on & (att_array|att_assoc);
#endif

	  if (var == 0)
	    {
#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
	      if (flags_on & att_assoc)
		{
		  var = make_new_assoc_variable (name);
		  if (var && offset == 0)
		    VSETATTR (var, att_invisible);
		}
	      else if ((flags_on & att_array) || making_array_special)
		{
		  var = make_new_array_variable (name);
		  if (var && offset == 0)
		    VSETATTR (var, att_invisible);
		}
	      else
#endif
		{
		  var = mkglobal ? bind_global_variable (name, (char *)NULL, ASS_FORCE) : bind_variable (name, (char *)NULL, ASS_FORCE);
		  if (var && offset == 0)
		    VSETATTR (var, att_invisible);
		}
	      if (var == 0)
		{
		  /* Has to appear in brackets */
		  NEXT_VARIABLE ();
		}
	      created_var = 1;
	    }
	  /* Can't take an existing array variable and make it a nameref */
	  else if ((array_p (var) || assoc_p (var)) && (flags_on & att_nameref))
	    {
	      builtin_error (_("%s: reference variable cannot be an array"), name);
	      assign_error++;
	      NEXT_VARIABLE ();
	    }
	  else if (nameref_p (var) && (flags_on & att_nameref) == 0 && (flags_off & att_nameref) == 0 && offset && valid_nameref_value (value, 1) == 0)
	    {
	      builtin_error (_("`%s': invalid variable name for name reference"), value);
	      any_failed++;
	      NEXT_VARIABLE ();
	    }
	  else if (flags_on & att_nameref)
	    {
#if 1
	      /* Check of offset is to allow an assignment to a nameref var as
		 part of the declare word to override existing value */
	      if (nameref_p (var) == 0 && var_isset (var) && offset == 0 && valid_nameref_value (value_cell (var), 0) == 0)
		{
		  builtin_error (_("`%s': invalid variable name for name reference"), value_cell (var));
		  any_failed++;
		  NEXT_VARIABLE ();
		}
#endif
	      if (readonly_p (var))
		{
		  sh_readonly (name);
		  any_failed++;
		  NEXT_VARIABLE ();
		}
	      /* ksh93 compat: turning on nameref attribute turns off -ilu */
	      VUNSETATTR (var, att_integer|att_uppercase|att_lowercase|att_capcase);
	    }

	  /* Cannot use declare +r to turn off readonly attribute. */ 
	  if (readonly_p (var) && (flags_off & att_readonly))
	    {
	      sh_readonly (name_cell (var));
	      any_failed++;
	      NEXT_VARIABLE ();
	    }

	  /* Cannot use declare to assign value to readonly or noassign
	     variable. */
	  if ((readonly_p (var) || noassign_p (var)) && offset)
	    {
	      if (readonly_p (var))
		sh_readonly (name);
	      assign_error++;
	      NEXT_VARIABLE ();
	    }

#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
	  /* make declare a[2]=foo as similar to a[2]=foo as possible if
	     a is already an array or assoc variable. */
	  if (array_subscript_assignment && array_exists && creating_array == 0)
	    simple_array_assign = 1;
	  else if ((making_array_special || creating_array || array_exists) && offset)
	    {
	      int vlen;
	      vlen = STRLEN (value);
/*itrace("declare_builtin: name = %s value = %s flags = %d", name, value, wflags);*/
	      if (shell_compatibility_level > 43 && (wflags & W_COMPASSIGN) == 0 &&
			value[0] == '(' && value[vlen-1] == ')')
		{
		  /* The warning is only printed when using compound assignment
		     to an array variable that doesn't already exist.  We use
		     creating_array to allow things like
		     declare -a foo$bar='(abc)' to work. */		     
		  if (array_exists == 0 && creating_array == 0)
		    internal_warning (_("%s: quoted compound array assignment deprecated"), list->word->word);
		  compound_array_assign = array_exists || creating_array;
		  simple_array_assign = making_array_special;
		}
	      else if (value[0] == '(' && value[vlen-1] == ')' && (shell_compatibility_level < 44 || (wflags & W_COMPASSIGN)))
		compound_array_assign = 1;
	      else
		simple_array_assign = 1;
	    }

	  /* Cannot use declare +a name or declare +A name to remove an
	     array variable. */
	  if (((flags_off & att_array) && array_p (var)) || ((flags_off & att_assoc) && assoc_p (var)))
	    {
	      builtin_error (_("%s: cannot destroy array variables in this way"), name);
	      any_failed++;
	      NEXT_VARIABLE ();
	    }

	  if ((flags_on & att_array) && assoc_p (var))
	    {
	      builtin_error (_("%s: cannot convert associative to indexed array"), name);
	      any_failed++;
	      NEXT_VARIABLE ();
	    }
	  if ((flags_on & att_assoc) && array_p (var))
	    {
	      builtin_error (_("%s: cannot convert indexed to associative array"), name);
	      any_failed++;
	      NEXT_VARIABLE ();
	    }

	  /* declare -A name[[n]] makes name an associative array variable. */
	  if (flags_on & att_assoc)
	    {
	      if (assoc_p (var) == 0)
		var = convert_var_to_assoc (var);
	    }
	  /* declare -a name[[n]] or declare name[n] makes name an indexed
	     array variable. */
	  else if ((making_array_special || (flags_on & att_array)) && array_p (var) == 0 && assoc_p (var) == 0)
	    var = convert_var_to_array (var);
#endif /* ARRAY_VARS */

	  /* XXX - we note that we are turning on nameref attribute and defer
	     setting it until the assignment has been made so we don't do an
	     inadvertent nameref lookup.  Might have to do the same thing for
	     flags_off&att_nameref. */
	  /* XXX - ksh93 makes it an error to set a readonly nameref variable
	     using a single typeset command. */
	  onref = (flags_on & att_nameref);
	  flags_on &= ~att_nameref;
#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
	  if (array_p (var) || assoc_p (var)
		|| (offset && compound_array_assign)
		|| simple_array_assign)
	    onref = 0;		/* array variables may not be namerefs */
#endif

	  /* ksh93 seems to do this */
	  offref = (flags_off & att_nameref);
	  flags_off &= ~att_nameref;

	  VSETATTR (var, flags_on);
	  VUNSETATTR (var, flags_off);

#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
	  if (offset && compound_array_assign)
	    assign_array_var_from_string (var, value, aflags|ASS_FORCE);
	  else if (simple_array_assign && subscript_start)
	    {
	      int local_aflags;
	      /* declare [-aA] name[N]=value */
	      *subscript_start = '[';	/* ] */
	      /* XXX - problem here with appending */
	      local_aflags = aflags&ASS_APPEND;
	      local_aflags |= assoc_noexpand ? ASS_NOEXPAND : 0;
	      var = assign_array_element (name, value, local_aflags);	/* XXX - not aflags */
	      *subscript_start = '\0';
	      if (var == 0)	/* some kind of assignment error */
		{
		  assign_error++;
		  flags_on |= onref;
		  flags_off |= offref;
		  NEXT_VARIABLE ();
		}
	    }
	  else if (simple_array_assign)
	    {
	      /* let bind_{array,assoc}_variable take care of this. */
	      if (assoc_p (var))
		bind_assoc_variable (var, name, savestring ("0"), value, aflags|ASS_FORCE);
	      else
		bind_array_variable (name, 0, value, aflags|ASS_FORCE);
	    }
	  else
#endif
	  /* XXX - no ASS_FORCE here */
	  /* bind_variable_value duplicates the essential internals of
	     bind_variable() */
	  if (offset)
	    {
	      if (onref || nameref_p (var))
		aflags |= ASS_NAMEREF;
	      v = bind_variable_value (var, value, aflags);
	      if (v == 0 && (onref || nameref_p (var)))
		{
		  if (valid_nameref_value (value, 1) == 0)
		    sh_invalidid (value);
		  assign_error++;
		  /* XXX - unset this variable? or leave it as normal var? */
		  if (created_var)
		    delete_var (var->name, mkglobal ? global_variables : shell_variables);
		  flags_on |= onref;		/* undo change from above */
		  flags_off |= offref;
		  NEXT_VARIABLE ();
		}
	    }

	  /* If we found this variable in the temporary environment, as with
	     `var=value declare -x var', make sure it is treated identically
	     to `var=value export var'.  Do the same for `declare -r' and
	     `readonly'.  Preserve the attributes, except for att_tempvar. */
	  /* XXX -- should this create a variable in the global scope, or
	     modify the local variable flags?  ksh93 has it modify the
	     global scope.
	     Need to handle case like in set_var_attribute where a temporary
	     variable is in the same table as the function local vars. */
	  if ((flags_on & (att_exported|att_readonly)) && tempvar_p (var))
	    {
	      SHELL_VAR *tv;
	      char *tvalue;

	      tv = find_tempenv_variable (var->name);
	      if (tv)
		{
		  tvalue = var_isset (var) ? savestring (value_cell (var)) : savestring ("");
	          tv = bind_variable (var->name, tvalue, 0);
		  if (tv)
		    {
		      tv->attributes |= var->attributes & ~att_tempvar;
		      if (tv->context > 0)
			VSETATTR (tv, att_propagate);
		    }
	          free (tvalue);
		}
	      VSETATTR (var, att_propagate);
	    }
	}

      /* Turn on nameref attribute we deferred above. */
      /* XXX - should we turn on the noassign attribute for consistency with
	 ksh93 when we turn on the nameref attribute? */
      VSETATTR (var, onref);
      flags_on |= onref;
      VUNSETATTR (var, offref);
      flags_off |= offref;
      /* Yuck.  ksh93 compatibility.  XXX - need to investigate more but
	 definitely happens when turning off nameref attribute on nameref
	 (see comments above).  Under no circumstances allow this to turn
	 off readonly attribute on readonly nameref variable. */
      if (refvar)
	{
	  if (flags_off & att_readonly)
	    flags_off &= ~att_readonly;
 	  VUNSETATTR (refvar, flags_off);
	}

      stupidly_hack_special_variables (name);

      NEXT_VARIABLE ();
    }

  return (assign_error ? EX_BADASSIGN
		       : ((any_failed == 0) ? EXECUTION_SUCCESS
  					    : EXECUTION_FAILURE));
}