Adding upstream version 14.2.21.upstream/14.2.21upstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

3 files changed, 1097 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/spdk/test/bdev/bdevperf/.gitignore b/src/spdk/test/bdev/bdevperf/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e14ddd84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spdk/test/bdev/bdevperf/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+bdevperf
diff --git a/src/spdk/test/bdev/bdevperf/Makefile b/src/spdk/test/bdev/bdevperf/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..eb5f76ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spdk/test/bdev/bdevperf/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#
+#  BSD LICENSE
+#
+#  Copyright (c) Intel Corporation.
+#  All rights reserved.
+#
+#  Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+#  modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+#  are met:
+#
+#    * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+#      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#    * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+#      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+#      the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+#      distribution.
+#    * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
+#      contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
+#      from this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+#  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+#  "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+#  LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+#  A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+#  OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+#  SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+#  LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+#  DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+#  THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+#  (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+#  OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+#
+
+SPDK_ROOT_DIR := $(abspath $(CURDIR)/../../..)
+include $(SPDK_ROOT_DIR)/mk/spdk.common.mk
+include $(SPDK_ROOT_DIR)/mk/spdk.app.mk
+include $(SPDK_ROOT_DIR)/mk/spdk.modules.mk
+
+APP = bdevperf
+
+C_SRCS := bdevperf.c
+
+SPDK_LIB_LIST = event_bdev event_copy
+SPDK_LIB_LIST += bdev copy event trace log conf thread util rpc jsonrpc json
+
+LIBS += $(BLOCKDEV_MODULES_LINKER_ARGS) \
+	$(COPY_MODULES_LINKER_ARGS) \
+	$(SOCK_MODULES_LINKER_ARGS)
+
+LIBS += $(SPDK_LIB_LINKER_ARGS) $(ENV_LINKER_ARGS)
+
+all : $(APP)
+	@:
+
+$(APP) : $(OBJS) $(SPDK_LIB_FILES) $(BLOCKDEV_MODULES_FILES) $(COPY_MODULES_FILES) $(SOCK_MODULES_FILES) $(ENV_LIBS)
+	$(LINK_C)
+
+clean :
+	$(CLEAN_C) $(APP)
+
+include $(SPDK_ROOT_DIR)/mk/spdk.deps.mk
diff --git a/src/spdk/test/bdev/bdevperf/bdevperf.c b/src/spdk/test/bdev/bdevperf/bdevperf.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1416ea27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spdk/test/bdev/bdevperf/bdevperf.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1035 @@
+/*-
+ *   BSD LICENSE
+ *
+ *   Copyright (c) Intel Corporation.
+ *   All rights reserved.
+ *
+ *   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ *   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ *   are met:
+ *
+ *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+ *       the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+ *       distribution.
+ *     * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
+ *       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
+ *       from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ *   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ *   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ *   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ *   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+ *   OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ *   SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ *   LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ *   DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ *   THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ *   (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ *   OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include "spdk/stdinc.h"
+
+#include "spdk/bdev.h"
+#include "spdk/copy_engine.h"
+#include "spdk/endian.h"
+#include "spdk/env.h"
+#include "spdk/event.h"
+#include "spdk/log.h"
+#include "spdk/util.h"
+#include "spdk/thread.h"
+#include "spdk/string.h"
+
+struct bdevperf_task {
+	struct iovec			iov;
+	struct io_target		*target;
+	void				*buf;
+	uint64_t			offset_blocks;
+	enum spdk_bdev_io_type		io_type;
+	TAILQ_ENTRY(bdevperf_task)	link;
+	struct spdk_bdev_io_wait_entry	bdev_io_wait;
+};
+
+static const char *g_workload_type;
+static int g_io_size = 0;
+/* initialize to invalid value so we can detect if user overrides it. */
+static int g_rw_percentage = -1;
+static int g_is_random;
+static bool g_verify = false;
+static bool g_reset = false;
+static bool g_unmap = false;
+static bool g_write_zeroes = false;
+static bool g_flush = false;
+static int g_queue_depth;
+static uint64_t g_time_in_usec;
+static int g_show_performance_real_time = 0;
+static uint64_t g_show_performance_period_in_usec = 1000000;
+static uint64_t g_show_performance_period_num = 0;
+static uint64_t g_show_performance_ema_period = 0;
+static bool g_run_failed = false;
+static bool g_shutdown = false;
+static uint64_t g_shutdown_tsc;
+static bool g_zcopy = true;
+static unsigned g_master_core;
+static int g_time_in_sec;
+static bool g_mix_specified;
+
+static struct spdk_poller *g_perf_timer = NULL;
+
+static void bdevperf_submit_single(struct io_target *target, struct bdevperf_task *task);
+
+struct io_target {
+	char				*name;
+	struct spdk_bdev		*bdev;
+	struct spdk_bdev_desc		*bdev_desc;
+	struct spdk_io_channel		*ch;
+	struct io_target		*next;
+	unsigned			lcore;
+	uint64_t			io_completed;
+	uint64_t			prev_io_completed;
+	double				ema_io_per_second;
+	int				current_queue_depth;
+	uint64_t			size_in_ios;
+	uint64_t			offset_in_ios;
+	uint64_t			io_size_blocks;
+	bool				is_draining;
+	struct spdk_poller		*run_timer;
+	struct spdk_poller		*reset_timer;
+	TAILQ_HEAD(, bdevperf_task)	task_list;
+};
+
+struct io_target **g_head;
+uint32_t *coremap;
+static int g_target_count = 0;
+
+/*
+ * Used to determine how the I/O buffers should be aligned.
+ *  This alignment will be bumped up for blockdevs that
+ *  require alignment based on block length - for example,
+ *  AIO blockdevs.
+ */
+static size_t g_min_alignment = 8;
+
+static int
+blockdev_heads_init(void)
+{
+	uint32_t i, idx = 0;
+	uint32_t core_count = spdk_env_get_core_count();
+
+	g_head = calloc(core_count, sizeof(struct io_target *));
+	if (!g_head) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Cannot allocate g_head array with size=%u\n",
+			core_count);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	coremap = calloc(core_count, sizeof(uint32_t));
+	if (!coremap) {
+		free(g_head);
+		fprintf(stderr, "Cannot allocate coremap array with size=%u\n",
+			core_count);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	SPDK_ENV_FOREACH_CORE(i) {
+		coremap[idx++] = i;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void
+bdevperf_free_target(struct io_target *target)
+{
+	struct bdevperf_task *task, *tmp;
+
+	TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(task, &target->task_list, link, tmp) {
+		TAILQ_REMOVE(&target->task_list, task, link);
+		spdk_dma_free(task->buf);
+		free(task);
+	}
+
+	free(target->name);
+	free(target);
+}
+
+static void
+blockdev_heads_destroy(void)
+{
+	uint32_t i, core_count;
+	struct io_target *target, *next_target;
+
+	if (!g_head) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	core_count = spdk_env_get_core_count();
+	for (i = 0; i < core_count; i++) {
+		target = g_head[i];
+		while (target != NULL) {
+			next_target = target->next;
+			bdevperf_free_target(target);
+			target = next_target;
+		}
+	}
+
+	free(g_head);
+	free(coremap);
+}
+
+static void
+bdevperf_construct_targets(void)
+{
+	int index = 0;
+	struct spdk_bdev *bdev;
+	struct io_target *target;
+	size_t align;
+	int rc;
+
+	bdev = spdk_bdev_first_leaf();
+	while (bdev != NULL) {
+
+		if (g_unmap && !spdk_bdev_io_type_supported(bdev, SPDK_BDEV_IO_TYPE_UNMAP)) {
+			printf("Skipping %s because it does not support unmap\n", spdk_bdev_get_name(bdev));
+			bdev = spdk_bdev_next_leaf(bdev);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		target = malloc(sizeof(struct io_target));
+		if (!target) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "Unable to allocate memory for new target.\n");
+			/* Return immediately because all mallocs will presumably fail after this */
+			return;
+		}
+
+		target->name = strdup(spdk_bdev_get_name(bdev));
+		if (!target->name) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "Unable to allocate memory for target name.\n");
+			free(target);
+			/* Return immediately because all mallocs will presumably fail after this */
+			return;
+		}
+
+		rc = spdk_bdev_open(bdev, true, NULL, NULL, &target->bdev_desc);
+		if (rc != 0) {
+			SPDK_ERRLOG("Could not open leaf bdev %s, error=%d\n", spdk_bdev_get_name(bdev), rc);
+			free(target->name);
+			free(target);
+			bdev = spdk_bdev_next_leaf(bdev);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		target->bdev = bdev;
+		/* Mapping each target to lcore */
+		index = g_target_count % spdk_env_get_core_count();
+		target->next = g_head[index];
+		target->lcore = coremap[index];
+		target->io_completed = 0;
+		target->current_queue_depth = 0;
+		target->offset_in_ios = 0;
+		target->io_size_blocks = g_io_size / spdk_bdev_get_block_size(bdev);
+		if (target->io_size_blocks == 0 ||
+		    (g_io_size % spdk_bdev_get_block_size(bdev)) != 0) {
+			SPDK_ERRLOG("IO size (%d) is bigger than blocksize of bdev %s (%"PRIu32") or not a blocksize multiple\n",
+				    g_io_size, spdk_bdev_get_name(bdev), spdk_bdev_get_block_size(bdev));
+			spdk_bdev_close(target->bdev_desc);
+			free(target->name);
+			free(target);
+			bdev = spdk_bdev_next_leaf(bdev);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		target->size_in_ios = spdk_bdev_get_num_blocks(bdev) / target->io_size_blocks;
+		align = spdk_bdev_get_buf_align(bdev);
+		/*
+		 * TODO: This should actually use the LCM of align and g_min_alignment, but
+		 * it is fairly safe to assume all alignments are powers of two for now.
+		 */
+		g_min_alignment = spdk_max(g_min_alignment, align);
+
+		target->is_draining = false;
+		target->run_timer = NULL;
+		target->reset_timer = NULL;
+		TAILQ_INIT(&target->task_list);
+
+		g_head[index] = target;
+		g_target_count++;
+
+		bdev = spdk_bdev_next_leaf(bdev);
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+end_run(void *arg1, void *arg2)
+{
+	struct io_target *target = arg1;
+
+	spdk_put_io_channel(target->ch);
+	spdk_bdev_close(target->bdev_desc);
+	if (--g_target_count == 0) {
+		if (g_show_performance_real_time) {
+			spdk_poller_unregister(&g_perf_timer);
+		}
+		if (g_run_failed) {
+			spdk_app_stop(1);
+		} else {
+			spdk_app_stop(0);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+bdevperf_complete(struct spdk_bdev_io *bdev_io, bool success, void *cb_arg)
+{
+	struct io_target	*target;
+	struct bdevperf_task	*task = cb_arg;
+	struct spdk_event	*complete;
+	struct iovec		*iovs;
+	int			iovcnt;
+
+	target = task->target;
+
+	if (!success) {
+		if (!g_reset) {
+			target->is_draining = true;
+			g_run_failed = true;
+			printf("task offset: %lu on target bdev=%s fails\n",
+			       task->offset_blocks, target->name);
+		}
+	} else if (g_verify || g_reset) {
+		spdk_bdev_io_get_iovec(bdev_io, &iovs, &iovcnt);
+		assert(iovcnt == 1);
+		assert(iovs != NULL);
+		if (memcmp(task->buf, iovs[0].iov_base, g_io_size) != 0) {
+			printf("Buffer mismatch! Disk Offset: %lu\n", task->offset_blocks);
+			target->is_draining = true;
+			g_run_failed = true;
+		}
+	}
+
+	target->current_queue_depth--;
+
+	if (success) {
+		target->io_completed++;
+	}
+
+	spdk_bdev_free_io(bdev_io);
+
+	/*
+	 * is_draining indicates when time has expired for the test run
+	 * and we are just waiting for the previously submitted I/O
+	 * to complete.  In this case, do not submit a new I/O to replace
+	 * the one just completed.
+	 */
+	if (!target->is_draining) {
+		bdevperf_submit_single(target, task);
+	} else {
+		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&target->task_list, task, link);
+		if (target->current_queue_depth == 0) {
+			complete = spdk_event_allocate(g_master_core, end_run, target, NULL);
+			spdk_event_call(complete);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+bdevperf_verify_submit_read(void *cb_arg)
+{
+	struct io_target	*target;
+	struct bdevperf_task	*task = cb_arg;
+	int			rc;
+
+	target = task->target;
+
+	/* Read the data back in */
+	rc = spdk_bdev_read_blocks(target->bdev_desc, target->ch, NULL, task->offset_blocks,
+				   target->io_size_blocks, bdevperf_complete, task);
+	if (rc == -ENOMEM) {
+		task->bdev_io_wait.bdev = target->bdev;
+		task->bdev_io_wait.cb_fn = bdevperf_verify_submit_read;
+		task->bdev_io_wait.cb_arg = task;
+		spdk_bdev_queue_io_wait(target->bdev, target->ch, &task->bdev_io_wait);
+	} else if (rc != 0) {
+		printf("Failed to submit read: %d\n", rc);
+		target->is_draining = true;
+		g_run_failed = true;
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+bdevperf_verify_write_complete(struct spdk_bdev_io *bdev_io, bool success,
+			       void *cb_arg)
+{
+	if (success) {
+		spdk_bdev_free_io(bdev_io);
+		bdevperf_verify_submit_read(cb_arg);
+	} else {
+		bdevperf_complete(bdev_io, success, cb_arg);
+	}
+}
+
+static __thread unsigned int seed = 0;
+
+static void
+bdevperf_prep_task(struct bdevperf_task *task)
+{
+	struct io_target *target = task->target;
+	uint64_t offset_in_ios;
+
+	if (g_is_random) {
+		offset_in_ios = rand_r(&seed) % target->size_in_ios;
+	} else {
+		offset_in_ios = target->offset_in_ios++;
+		if (target->offset_in_ios == target->size_in_ios) {
+			target->offset_in_ios = 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	task->offset_blocks = offset_in_ios * target->io_size_blocks;
+	if (g_verify || g_reset) {
+		memset(task->buf, rand_r(&seed) % 256, g_io_size);
+		task->iov.iov_base = task->buf;
+		task->iov.iov_len = g_io_size;
+		task->io_type = SPDK_BDEV_IO_TYPE_WRITE;
+	} else if (g_flush) {
+		task->io_type = SPDK_BDEV_IO_TYPE_FLUSH;
+	} else if (g_unmap) {
+		task->io_type = SPDK_BDEV_IO_TYPE_UNMAP;
+	} else if (g_write_zeroes) {
+		task->io_type = SPDK_BDEV_IO_TYPE_WRITE_ZEROES;
+	} else if ((g_rw_percentage == 100) ||
+		   (g_rw_percentage != 0 && ((rand_r(&seed) % 100) < g_rw_percentage))) {
+		task->io_type = SPDK_BDEV_IO_TYPE_READ;
+	} else {
+		task->iov.iov_base = task->buf;
+		task->iov.iov_len = g_io_size;
+		task->io_type = SPDK_BDEV_IO_TYPE_WRITE;
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+bdevperf_submit_task(void *arg)
+{
+	struct bdevperf_task	*task = arg;
+	struct io_target	*target = task->target;
+	struct spdk_bdev_desc	*desc;
+	struct spdk_io_channel	*ch;
+	spdk_bdev_io_completion_cb cb_fn;
+	void			*rbuf;
+	int			rc;
+
+	desc = target->bdev_desc;
+	ch = target->ch;
+
+	switch (task->io_type) {
+	case SPDK_BDEV_IO_TYPE_WRITE:
+		cb_fn = (g_verify || g_reset) ? bdevperf_verify_write_complete : bdevperf_complete;
+		rc = spdk_bdev_writev_blocks(desc, ch, &task->iov, 1, task->offset_blocks,
+					     target->io_size_blocks, cb_fn, task);
+		break;
+	case SPDK_BDEV_IO_TYPE_FLUSH:
+		rc = spdk_bdev_flush_blocks(desc, ch, task->offset_blocks,
+					    target->io_size_blocks, bdevperf_complete, task);
+		break;
+	case SPDK_BDEV_IO_TYPE_UNMAP:
+		rc = spdk_bdev_unmap_blocks(desc, ch, task->offset_blocks,
+					    target->io_size_blocks, bdevperf_complete, task);
+		break;
+	case SPDK_BDEV_IO_TYPE_WRITE_ZEROES:
+		rc = spdk_bdev_write_zeroes_blocks(desc, ch, task->offset_blocks,
+						   target->io_size_blocks, bdevperf_complete, task);
+		break;
+	case SPDK_BDEV_IO_TYPE_READ:
+		rbuf = g_zcopy ? NULL : task->buf;
+		rc = spdk_bdev_read_blocks(desc, ch, rbuf, task->offset_blocks,
+					   target->io_size_blocks, bdevperf_complete, task);
+		break;
+	default:
+		assert(false);
+		rc = -EINVAL;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	if (rc == -ENOMEM) {
+		task->bdev_io_wait.bdev = target->bdev;
+		task->bdev_io_wait.cb_fn = bdevperf_submit_task;
+		task->bdev_io_wait.cb_arg = task;
+		spdk_bdev_queue_io_wait(target->bdev, ch, &task->bdev_io_wait);
+		return;
+	} else if (rc != 0) {
+		printf("Failed to submit bdev_io: %d\n", rc);
+		target->is_draining = true;
+		g_run_failed = true;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	target->current_queue_depth++;
+}
+
+static void
+bdevperf_submit_single(struct io_target *target, struct bdevperf_task *task)
+{
+	if (!task) {
+		if (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&target->task_list)) {
+			task = TAILQ_FIRST(&target->task_list);
+			TAILQ_REMOVE(&target->task_list, task, link);
+		} else {
+			printf("Task allocation failed\n");
+			abort();
+		}
+	}
+
+	bdevperf_prep_task(task);
+	bdevperf_submit_task(task);
+}
+
+static void
+bdevperf_submit_io(struct io_target *target, int queue_depth)
+{
+	while (queue_depth-- > 0) {
+		bdevperf_submit_single(target, NULL);
+	}
+}
+
+static int
+end_target(void *arg)
+{
+	struct io_target *target = arg;
+
+	spdk_poller_unregister(&target->run_timer);
+	if (g_reset) {
+		spdk_poller_unregister(&target->reset_timer);
+	}
+
+	target->is_draining = true;
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int reset_target(void *arg);
+
+static void
+reset_cb(struct spdk_bdev_io *bdev_io, bool success, void *cb_arg)
+{
+	struct bdevperf_task	*task = cb_arg;
+	struct io_target	*target = task->target;
+
+	if (!success) {
+		printf("Reset blockdev=%s failed\n", spdk_bdev_get_name(target->bdev));
+		target->is_draining = true;
+		g_run_failed = true;
+	}
+
+	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&target->task_list, task, link);
+	spdk_bdev_free_io(bdev_io);
+
+	target->reset_timer = spdk_poller_register(reset_target, target,
+			      10 * 1000000);
+}
+
+static int
+reset_target(void *arg)
+{
+	struct io_target *target = arg;
+	struct bdevperf_task	*task = NULL;
+	int rc;
+
+	spdk_poller_unregister(&target->reset_timer);
+
+	/* Do reset. */
+	task = TAILQ_FIRST(&target->task_list);
+	if (!task) {
+		printf("Task allocation failed\n");
+		abort();
+	}
+	TAILQ_REMOVE(&target->task_list, task, link);
+
+	rc = spdk_bdev_reset(target->bdev_desc, target->ch,
+			     reset_cb, task);
+	if (rc) {
+		printf("Reset failed: %d\n", rc);
+		target->is_draining = true;
+		g_run_failed = true;
+	}
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static void
+bdevperf_submit_on_core(void *arg1, void *arg2)
+{
+	struct io_target *target = arg1;
+
+	/* Submit initial I/O for each block device. Each time one
+	 * completes, another will be submitted. */
+	while (target != NULL) {
+		target->ch = spdk_bdev_get_io_channel(target->bdev_desc);
+		if (!target->ch) {
+			printf("Skip this device (%s) as IO channel not setup.\n",
+			       spdk_bdev_get_name(target->bdev));
+			g_target_count--;
+			g_run_failed = true;
+			spdk_bdev_close(target->bdev_desc);
+
+			target = target->next;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* Start a timer to stop this I/O chain when the run is over */
+		target->run_timer = spdk_poller_register(end_target, target,
+				    g_time_in_usec);
+		if (g_reset) {
+			target->reset_timer = spdk_poller_register(reset_target, target,
+					      10 * 1000000);
+		}
+		bdevperf_submit_io(target, g_queue_depth);
+		target = target->next;
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+bdevperf_usage(void)
+{
+	printf(" -q <depth>                io depth\n");
+	printf(" -o <size>                 io size in bytes\n");
+	printf(" -w <type>                 io pattern type, must be one of (read, write, randread, randwrite, rw, randrw, verify, reset, unmap, flush)\n");
+	printf(" -t <time>                 time in seconds\n");
+	printf(" -M <percent>              rwmixread (100 for reads, 0 for writes)\n");
+	printf(" -P <num>                  number of moving average period\n");
+	printf("\t\t(If set to n, show weighted mean of the previous n IO/s in real time)\n");
+	printf("\t\t(Formula: M = 2 / (n + 1), EMA[i+1] = IO/s * M + (1 - M) * EMA[i])\n");
+	printf("\t\t(only valid with -S)\n");
+	printf(" -S                        show performance result in real time in seconds\n");
+}
+
+/*
+ * Cumulative Moving Average (CMA): average of all data up to current
+ * Exponential Moving Average (EMA): weighted mean of the previous n data and more weight is given to recent
+ * Simple Moving Average (SMA): unweighted mean of the previous n data
+ *
+ * Bdevperf supports CMA and EMA.
+ */
+static double
+get_cma_io_per_second(struct io_target *target, uint64_t io_time_in_usec)
+{
+	return (double)target->io_completed * 1000000 / io_time_in_usec;
+}
+
+static double
+get_ema_io_per_second(struct io_target *target, uint64_t ema_period)
+{
+	double io_completed, io_per_second;
+
+	io_completed = target->io_completed;
+	io_per_second = (double)(io_completed - target->prev_io_completed) * 1000000
+			/ g_show_performance_period_in_usec;
+	target->prev_io_completed = io_completed;
+
+	target->ema_io_per_second += (io_per_second - target->ema_io_per_second) * 2
+				     / (ema_period + 1);
+	return target->ema_io_per_second;
+}
+
+static void
+performance_dump(uint64_t io_time_in_usec, uint64_t ema_period)
+{
+	uint32_t index;
+	unsigned lcore_id;
+	double io_per_second, mb_per_second;
+	double total_io_per_second, total_mb_per_second;
+	struct io_target *target;
+
+	total_io_per_second = 0;
+	total_mb_per_second = 0;
+	for (index = 0; index < spdk_env_get_core_count(); index++) {
+		target = g_head[index];
+		if (target != NULL) {
+			lcore_id = target->lcore;
+			printf("\r Logical core: %u\n", lcore_id);
+		}
+		while (target != NULL) {
+			if (ema_period == 0) {
+				io_per_second = get_cma_io_per_second(target, io_time_in_usec);
+			} else {
+				io_per_second = get_ema_io_per_second(target, ema_period);
+			}
+			mb_per_second = io_per_second * g_io_size / (1024 * 1024);
+			printf("\r %-20s: %10.2f IO/s %10.2f MB/s\n",
+			       target->name, io_per_second, mb_per_second);
+			total_io_per_second += io_per_second;
+			total_mb_per_second += mb_per_second;
+			target = target->next;
+		}
+	}
+
+	printf("\r =====================================================\n");
+	printf("\r %-20s: %10.2f IO/s %10.2f MB/s\n",
+	       "Total", total_io_per_second, total_mb_per_second);
+	fflush(stdout);
+
+}
+
+static int
+performance_statistics_thread(void *arg)
+{
+	g_show_performance_period_num++;
+	performance_dump(g_show_performance_period_num * g_show_performance_period_in_usec,
+			 g_show_performance_ema_period);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int
+bdevperf_construct_targets_tasks(void)
+{
+	uint32_t i;
+	struct io_target *target;
+	struct bdevperf_task *task;
+	int j, task_num = g_queue_depth;
+
+	/*
+	 * Create the task pool after we have enumerated the targets, so that we know
+	 *  the min buffer alignment.  Some backends such as AIO have alignment restrictions
+	 *  that must be accounted for.
+	 */
+	if (g_reset) {
+		task_num += 1;
+	}
+
+	/* Initialize task list for each target */
+	for (i = 0; i < spdk_env_get_core_count(); i++) {
+		target = g_head[i];
+		if (!target) {
+			break;
+		}
+		while (target != NULL) {
+			for (j = 0; j < task_num; j++) {
+				task = calloc(1, sizeof(struct bdevperf_task));
+				if (!task) {
+					fprintf(stderr, "Failed to allocate task from memory\n");
+					goto ret;
+				}
+
+				task->buf = spdk_dma_zmalloc(g_io_size, g_min_alignment, NULL);
+				if (!task->buf) {
+					fprintf(stderr, "Cannot allocate buf for task=%p\n", task);
+					free(task);
+					goto ret;
+				}
+
+				task->target = target;
+				TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&target->task_list, task, link);
+			}
+			target = target->next;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+
+ret:
+	fprintf(stderr, "Bdevperf program exits due to memory allocation issue\n");
+	fprintf(stderr, "Use -d XXX to allocate more huge pages, e.g., -d 4096\n");
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static void
+bdevperf_run(void *arg1, void *arg2)
+{
+	uint32_t i;
+	struct io_target *target;
+	struct spdk_event *event;
+	int rc;
+
+	rc = blockdev_heads_init();
+	if (rc) {
+		spdk_app_stop(1);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	bdevperf_construct_targets();
+
+	if (g_target_count == 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "No valid bdevs found.\n");
+		spdk_app_stop(1);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	rc = bdevperf_construct_targets_tasks();
+	if (rc) {
+		blockdev_heads_destroy();
+		spdk_app_stop(1);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	printf("Running I/O for %" PRIu64 " seconds...\n", g_time_in_usec / 1000000);
+	fflush(stdout);
+
+	/* Start a timer to dump performance numbers */
+	g_shutdown_tsc = spdk_get_ticks();
+	if (g_show_performance_real_time) {
+		g_perf_timer = spdk_poller_register(performance_statistics_thread, NULL,
+						    g_show_performance_period_in_usec);
+	}
+
+	g_master_core = spdk_env_get_current_core();
+	/* Send events to start all I/O */
+	for (i = 0; i < spdk_env_get_core_count(); i++) {
+		target = g_head[i];
+		if (target == NULL) {
+			break;
+		}
+		event = spdk_event_allocate(target->lcore, bdevperf_submit_on_core,
+					    target, NULL);
+		spdk_event_call(event);
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+bdevperf_stop_io_on_core(void *arg1, void *arg2)
+{
+	struct io_target *target = arg1;
+
+	/* Stop I/O for each block device. */
+	while (target != NULL) {
+		end_target(target);
+		target = target->next;
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+spdk_bdevperf_shutdown_cb(void)
+{
+	uint32_t i;
+	struct io_target *target;
+	struct spdk_event *event;
+
+	g_shutdown = true;
+	g_shutdown_tsc = spdk_get_ticks() - g_shutdown_tsc;
+
+	/* Send events to stop all I/O on each core */
+	for (i = 0; i < spdk_env_get_core_count(); i++) {
+		if (g_head == NULL) {
+			break;
+		}
+		target = g_head[i];
+		if (target == NULL) {
+			break;
+		}
+		event = spdk_event_allocate(target->lcore, bdevperf_stop_io_on_core,
+					    target, NULL);
+		spdk_event_call(event);
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+bdevperf_parse_arg(int ch, char *arg)
+{
+	switch (ch) {
+	case 'q':
+		g_queue_depth = atoi(optarg);
+		break;
+	case 'o':
+		g_io_size = atoi(optarg);
+		break;
+	case 't':
+		g_time_in_sec = atoi(optarg);
+		break;
+	case 'w':
+		g_workload_type = optarg;
+		break;
+	case 'M':
+		g_rw_percentage = atoi(optarg);
+		g_mix_specified = true;
+		break;
+	case 'P':
+		g_show_performance_ema_period = atoi(optarg);
+		break;
+	case 'S':
+		g_show_performance_real_time = 1;
+		g_show_performance_period_in_usec = atoi(optarg) * 1000000;
+		g_show_performance_period_in_usec = spdk_max(g_show_performance_period_in_usec,
+						    g_show_performance_period_in_usec);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+int
+main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	struct spdk_app_opts opts = {};
+	int rc;
+
+	spdk_app_opts_init(&opts);
+	opts.name = "bdevperf";
+	opts.rpc_addr = NULL;
+	opts.reactor_mask = NULL;
+	opts.mem_size = 1024;
+	opts.shutdown_cb = spdk_bdevperf_shutdown_cb;
+
+	/* default value */
+	g_queue_depth = 0;
+	g_io_size = 0;
+	g_workload_type = NULL;
+	g_time_in_sec = 0;
+	g_mix_specified = false;
+
+	if ((rc = spdk_app_parse_args(argc, argv, &opts, "q:o:t:w:M:P:S:", NULL,
+				      bdevperf_parse_arg, bdevperf_usage)) !=
+	    SPDK_APP_PARSE_ARGS_SUCCESS) {
+		return rc;
+	}
+
+	if (g_queue_depth <= 0) {
+		spdk_app_usage();
+		bdevperf_usage();
+		exit(1);
+	}
+	if (g_io_size <= 0) {
+		spdk_app_usage();
+		bdevperf_usage();
+		exit(1);
+	}
+	if (!g_workload_type) {
+		spdk_app_usage();
+		bdevperf_usage();
+		exit(1);
+	}
+	if (g_time_in_sec <= 0) {
+		spdk_app_usage();
+		bdevperf_usage();
+		exit(1);
+	}
+	g_time_in_usec = g_time_in_sec * 1000000LL;
+
+	if (g_show_performance_ema_period > 0 &&
+	    g_show_performance_real_time == 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "-P option must be specified with -S option\n");
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	if (strcmp(g_workload_type, "read") &&
+	    strcmp(g_workload_type, "write") &&
+	    strcmp(g_workload_type, "randread") &&
+	    strcmp(g_workload_type, "randwrite") &&
+	    strcmp(g_workload_type, "rw") &&
+	    strcmp(g_workload_type, "randrw") &&
+	    strcmp(g_workload_type, "verify") &&
+	    strcmp(g_workload_type, "reset") &&
+	    strcmp(g_workload_type, "unmap") &&
+	    strcmp(g_workload_type, "write_zeroes") &&
+	    strcmp(g_workload_type, "flush")) {
+		fprintf(stderr,
+			"io pattern type must be one of\n"
+			"(read, write, randread, randwrite, rw, randrw, verify, reset, unmap, flush)\n");
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(g_workload_type, "read") ||
+	    !strcmp(g_workload_type, "randread")) {
+		g_rw_percentage = 100;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(g_workload_type, "write") ||
+	    !strcmp(g_workload_type, "randwrite")) {
+		g_rw_percentage = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(g_workload_type, "unmap")) {
+		g_unmap = true;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(g_workload_type, "write_zeroes")) {
+		g_write_zeroes = true;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(g_workload_type, "flush")) {
+		g_flush = true;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(g_workload_type, "verify") ||
+	    !strcmp(g_workload_type, "reset")) {
+		g_rw_percentage = 50;
+		if (g_io_size > SPDK_BDEV_LARGE_BUF_MAX_SIZE) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "Unable to exceed max I/O size of %d for verify. (%d provided).\n",
+				SPDK_BDEV_LARGE_BUF_MAX_SIZE, g_io_size);
+			exit(1);
+		}
+		if (opts.reactor_mask) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "Ignoring -m option. Verify can only run with a single core.\n");
+			opts.reactor_mask = NULL;
+		}
+		g_verify = true;
+		if (!strcmp(g_workload_type, "reset")) {
+			g_reset = true;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(g_workload_type, "read") ||
+	    !strcmp(g_workload_type, "randread") ||
+	    !strcmp(g_workload_type, "write") ||
+	    !strcmp(g_workload_type, "randwrite") ||
+	    !strcmp(g_workload_type, "verify") ||
+	    !strcmp(g_workload_type, "reset") ||
+	    !strcmp(g_workload_type, "unmap") ||
+	    !strcmp(g_workload_type, "write_zeroes") ||
+	    !strcmp(g_workload_type, "flush")) {
+		if (g_mix_specified) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "Ignoring -M option... Please use -M option"
+				" only when using rw or randrw.\n");
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(g_workload_type, "rw") ||
+	    !strcmp(g_workload_type, "randrw")) {
+		if (g_rw_percentage < 0 || g_rw_percentage > 100) {
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"-M must be specified to value from 0 to 100 "
+				"for rw or randrw.\n");
+			exit(1);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(g_workload_type, "read") ||
+	    !strcmp(g_workload_type, "write") ||
+	    !strcmp(g_workload_type, "rw") ||
+	    !strcmp(g_workload_type, "verify") ||
+	    !strcmp(g_workload_type, "reset") ||
+	    !strcmp(g_workload_type, "unmap") ||
+	    !strcmp(g_workload_type, "write_zeroes")) {
+		g_is_random = 0;
+	} else {
+		g_is_random = 1;
+	}
+
+	if (g_io_size > SPDK_BDEV_LARGE_BUF_MAX_SIZE) {
+		printf("I/O size of %d is greater than zero copy threshold (%d).\n",
+		       g_io_size, SPDK_BDEV_LARGE_BUF_MAX_SIZE);
+		printf("Zero copy mechanism will not be used.\n");
+		g_zcopy = false;
+	}
+
+	rc = spdk_app_start(&opts, bdevperf_run, NULL, NULL);
+	if (rc) {
+		g_run_failed = true;
+	}
+
+	if (g_shutdown) {
+		g_time_in_usec = g_shutdown_tsc * 1000000 / spdk_get_ticks_hz();
+		printf("Received shutdown signal, test time is about %.6f seconds\n",
+		       (double)g_time_in_usec / 1000000);
+	}
+
+	if (g_time_in_usec) {
+		if (!g_run_failed) {
+			performance_dump(g_time_in_usec, 0);
+		}
+	} else {
+		printf("Test time less than one microsecond, no performance data will be shown\n");
+	}
+
+	blockdev_heads_destroy();
+	spdk_app_fini();
+	return g_run_failed;
+}