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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
* This file is part of the LibreOffice project.
*
* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
* License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
* file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
*
* This file incorporates work covered by the following license notice:
*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed
* with this work for additional information regarding copyright
* ownership. The ASF licenses this file to you under the Apache
* License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file
* except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of
* the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 .
-->
<helpdocument version="1.0">
<meta>
<topic id="textsmath0103090500xml" indexer="include" status="PUBLISH">
<title id="tit" xml-lang="en-US">Brackets</title>
<filename>/text/smath/01/03090500.xhp</filename>
</topic>
<history>
<created date="2003-10-31T00:00:00">Sun Microsystems, Inc.</created>
</history>
</meta>
<body>
<section id="klammern">
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="index" id="bm_id3153153"><bookmark_value>brackets; in $[officename] Math</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>brackets; round (Math)</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>parentheses (Math)</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>brackets; square (Math)</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>brackets; double square (Math)</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>braces in %PRODUCTNAME Math</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>brackets; angle (Math)</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>brackets; operator (Math)</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>brackets; angle with operator</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>brackets; group</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>grouping brackets</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>round brackets</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>square brackets</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>double square brackets; scalable</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>scalable braces</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>scalable round brackets</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>scalable lines with ceiling</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>vertical bars</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>brackets; scalable</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>operator brackets</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>floor brackets</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>lines; with edges</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>ceiling brackets; lines with</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>lines; scalable</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>ceiling brackets;scalable lines with</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>brackets; single, without group function</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>single brackets without group function</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>brackets;widowed</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>widowed brackets</bookmark_value>
<bookmark_value>orphaned brackets</bookmark_value>
</bookmark>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_BRACKETS_TBX" id="bm_id3149294" localize="false"/>
<paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3153153" xml-lang="en-US" level="1"><link href="text/smath/01/03090500.xhp" name="Brackets">Brackets</link></paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3147258" xml-lang="en-US">You can choose among various bracket types to structure a <emph>$[officename] Math</emph> formula. Bracket types are displayed in the lower part of the Elements pane. These brackets are also listed in the <link href="text/shared/00/00000001.xhp#kontextmenue" name="context menu">context menu</link> of the <emph>Commands</emph> window. All brackets that are not contained in the Elements pane or in the context menu can be typed manually in the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</paragraph>
</section>
<section id="howtoget">
<embed href="text/smath/00/00000004.xhp#astofm"/>
</section>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3154264" xml-lang="en-US">The following is a complete list of all available bracket types. The icon next to the bracket type indicates that it can be accessed through the Elements pane (menu View - Elements) or through the context menu of the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3154277" xml-lang="en-US" level="3">Bracket types</paragraph>
<table id="tbl_id3150710">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN10084" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3149801" src="media/helpimg/starmath/al21801.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3149801" xml-lang="en-US">Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_LRPARENTX" id="bm_id3153536" localize="false"/>
</tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3153778" xml-lang="en-US">Round brackets (parentheses)</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3151102" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_LRPARENTX">Inserts a placeholder within normal round brackets (parentheses).</ahelp> You can also type <emph>(<?>)</emph> in the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3150971">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN100BF" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3158440" src="media/helpimg/starmath/al21802.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3158440" xml-lang="en-US">Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_LRBRACKETX" id="bm_id3151309" localize="false"/>
</tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3151319" xml-lang="en-US">Square brackets</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3150356" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_LRBRACKETX">Inserts a placeholder within square brackets.</ahelp> You can also type <emph>[<?>]</emph> in the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3149696">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN100F8" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3146923" src="media/helpimg/starmath/al21823.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3146923" xml-lang="en-US">Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_LRDBRACKETX" id="bm_id3151331" localize="false"/>
</tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3149300" xml-lang="en-US">Double square brackets</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3155175" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_LRDBRACKETX">Inserts a placeholder within double square brackets.</ahelp> You can also type <emph>ldbracket <?> rdbracket</emph> in the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3149095">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN10131" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3149815" src="media/helpimg/starmath/al21804.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3149815" xml-lang="en-US">Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_LRBRACEX" id="bm_id3149790" localize="false"/>
</tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3147088" xml-lang="en-US">Braces (curly brackets)</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3147101" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_LRBRACEX">Inserts a placeholder within braces (curly brackets).</ahelp> You can also type <emph>lbrace<?>rbrace</emph> directly in the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3149035">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN1016C" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3148736" src="media/helpimg/starmath/al21805.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3148736" xml-lang="en-US">Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_LRLINEX" id="bm_id3147327" localize="false"/>
</tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3147336" xml-lang="en-US">Single vertical bars</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3155146" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_LRLINEX">Inserts a placeholder within vertical bars.</ahelp> You can also type <emph>lline <?> rline</emph> directly in the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3147130">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN101A5" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3153350" src="media/helpimg/starmath/al21806.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3153350" xml-lang="en-US">Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_LRDLINEX" id="bm_id3151029" localize="false"/>
</tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3151039" xml-lang="en-US">Double vertical bars</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3149175" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_LRDLINEX">Inserts a placeholder within double vertical bars.</ahelp> You can also type <emph>ldline <?> rdline</emph> directly in the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3148755">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN101DE" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3155118" src="media/helpimg/starmath/al21803.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3155118" xml-lang="en-US">Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_LRANGLEX" id="bm_id3147305" localize="false"/>
</tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3147315" xml-lang="en-US">Angle brackets</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3155913" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_LRANGLEX">Inserts a placeholder within angle brackets.</ahelp> You can also type <emph>langle <?> rangle</emph> in the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3151385">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN10217" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3155867" src="media/helpimg/starmath/al21821.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3155867" xml-lang="en-US">Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_LMRANGLEXY" id="bm_id3150696" localize="false"/>
</tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3147413" xml-lang="en-US">Operator brackets</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3147425" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_LMRANGLEXY">Inserts two placeholders within operator brackets.</ahelp> You can also type <emph>langle <?> mline <?> rangle</emph> in the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3147503">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN10253" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3149561" src="media/helpimg/starmath/al21808.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3149561" xml-lang="en-US">Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_LRGROUPX" id="bm_id3146911" localize="false"/>
</tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3155964" xml-lang="en-US">Group brackets</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3155976" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_LRGROUPX">Inserts group brackets.</ahelp> You can also type <emph>{<?>}</emph> in the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3156223">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN1028E" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3147733" src="media/helpimg/starmath/al21809.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3147733" xml-lang="en-US">Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_SLRPARENTX" id="bm_id3147120" localize="false"/>
</tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3146333" xml-lang="en-US">Round brackets (scalable)</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3146345" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_SLRPARENTX">Inserts <emph>scalable rounded brackets</emph> with one placeholder.</ahelp> You can also type <emph>left(<?> right)</emph> in the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3147465">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN102CC" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3148852" src="media/helpimg/starmath/al21810.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3148852" xml-lang="en-US">Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_SLRBRACKETX" id="bm_id3155560" localize="false"/>
</tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3155570" xml-lang="en-US">Square brackets (scalable)</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3148438" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_SLRBRACKETX">Inserts scalable square brackets with placeholders.</ahelp> You can also type <emph>left[<?> right]</emph> in the <emph>Commands</emph> window. The size of the brackets is adjusted automatically.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3154787">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN10307" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3153794" src="media/helpimg/starmath/al21824.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3153794" xml-lang="en-US">Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_SLRDBRACKETX" id="bm_id3154579" localize="false"/>
</tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3154589" xml-lang="en-US">Double square brackets (scalable)</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3150161" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_SLRDBRACKETX">Inserts scalable double square brackets with placeholders.</ahelp> You can also type <emph>left ldbracket <?> right rdbracket</emph> directly in the <emph>Commands</emph> window. The bracket size is adjusted automatically.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3153304">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN10342" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3153972" src="media/helpimg/starmath/al21812.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3153972" xml-lang="en-US">Braces (scalable) Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_SLRBRACEX" id="bm_id3145343" localize="false"/>
</tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3154712" xml-lang="en-US">Braces (scalable)</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3154724" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_SLRBRACEX">Inserts scalable braces with a placeholder.</ahelp> You can also type <emph>left lbrace <?> right rbrace</emph> in the <emph>Commands</emph> window. The size of the braces is automatically adjusted.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3150454">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN1037E" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3155598" src="media/helpimg/starmath/al21813.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3155598" xml-lang="en-US">Single vertical bars (scalable) Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_SLRLINEX" id="bm_id3150915" localize="false"/>
</tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3150924" xml-lang="en-US">Single vertical bars (scalable)</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3145634" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_SLRLINEX">Inserts scalable single vertical bars with a placeholder.</ahelp> You can also type <emph>left lline <?> right rline</emph> in the <emph>Commands</emph> window. The size of the brackets is automatically adjusted.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3155085">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN103B7" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3153223" src="media/helpimg/starmath/al21814.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3153223" xml-lang="en-US">Double vertical bars (scalable) Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_SLRDLINEX" id="bm_id3154338" localize="false"/>
</tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3146938" xml-lang="en-US">Double vertical bars (scalable)</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3146950" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_SLRDLINEX">Inserts scalable double vertical bars with a placeholder.</ahelp> You can also type <emph>left ldline <?> right rdline</emph> in the <emph>Commands</emph> window. The size of the brackets is automatically adjusted.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3148793">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN103F0" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3150026" src="media/helpimg/starmath/al21811.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3150026" xml-lang="en-US">Angle brackets (scalable) Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_SLRANGLEX" id="bm_id3155108" localize="false"/>
</tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3149359" xml-lang="en-US">Angle brackets (scalable)</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3149372" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_SLRANGLEX">Inserts scalable angle brackets with a placeholder.</ahelp> You can also type <emph>left langle <?> right rangle</emph> in the <emph>Commands</emph> window. The size of the brackets is automatically adjusted.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3147244">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN10429" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3154235" src="media/helpimg/starmath/al21822.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3154235" xml-lang="en-US">Operator brackets (scalable) Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_SLMRANGLEXY" id="bm_id3153130" localize="false"/>
</tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3153139" xml-lang="en-US">Operator brackets (scalable)</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3155388" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_SLMRANGLEXY">Inserts scalable operator brackets with placeholders.</ahelp> You can also type <emph>left langle <?> mline <?> right rangle</emph> in the <emph>Commands</emph> window. The bracket size is adjusted automatically.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3148818">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN10464" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3154349" src="media/helpimg/starmath/al21825.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3154349" xml-lang="en-US">Brace top (scalable) Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_XOVERBRACEY" id="bm_id3155945" localize="false"/>
</tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3155954" xml-lang="en-US">Brace top (scalable)</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3154621" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_XOVERBRACEY">Inserts a scalable horizontal upper brace with placeholders.</ahelp> You can also enter <emph><?> overbrace <?></emph> directly in the <emph>Commands</emph> window. The bracket size is adjusted automatically.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<table id="tbl_id3147389">
<tablerow>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN104A0" xml-lang="en-US">
<image id="img_id3149646" src="media/helpimg/starmath/al21826.svg" width="1cm" height="1cm"><alt id="alt_id3149646" xml-lang="en-US">Brace bottom (scalable) Icon</alt>
</image></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_XUNDERBRACEY" id="bm_id3150664" localize="false"/>
</tablecell>
<tablecell>
<paragraph role="tablehead" id="par_id3150674" xml-lang="en-US">Brace bottom (scalable)</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3154023" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_XUNDERBRACEY">Inserts a scalable horizontal lower brace with placeholders.</ahelp> You can also type <emph><?> underbrace <?></emph> directly in the <emph>Commands</emph> window. The bracket size is adjusted automatically.</paragraph>
</tablecell>
</tablerow>
</table>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_LRFLOORX" id="bm_id3149965" localize="false"/>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3149954" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_LRFLOORX">To insert floor brackets, type <emph>lfloor<?>rfloor</emph> directly in the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</ahelp></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_LRCEILX" id="bm_id3150604" localize="false"/>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3150592" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_LRCEILX">To insert ceiling brackets, type <emph>lceil<?>rceil</emph> directly in the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</ahelp></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_SLRFLOORX" id="bm_id3150777" localize="false"/>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3149623" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_SLRFLOORX">To insert scalable floor brackets, type <emph>left lfloor<?>right rfloor</emph> directly in the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</ahelp></paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/STARMATH_HID_SMA_SLRCEILX" id="bm_id3148711" localize="false"/>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3145668" xml-lang="en-US"><ahelp hid="HID_SMA_SLRCEILX">To insert scalable ceiling brackets, type <emph>left lceil<?>right rceil</emph> directly in the <emph>Commands</emph> window.</ahelp></paragraph>
<paragraph role="tip" id="par_id3149208" xml-lang="en-US">Brackets are automatically sized when you type <emph>left</emph> and <emph>right</emph> in front of the bracket command, for example, <emph>left(a over b right)</emph>. You can also set the size and spacing of brackets by choosing <emph>Format - Spacing - Category - Brackets</emph> and setting the desired percentages. Mark the <emph>Scale all brackets</emph> check box to apply the changes to all brackets in the formula.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3150857" xml-lang="en-US">You can also use single brackets. To do this, type a backslash <emph>\</emph> in front of the command. For example, when you type <emph>\[</emph>, the left square bracket appears without its counterpart. This is useful for creating reverse brackets or for constructing intervals. Note that only non-scalable brackets can be used individually. To change the size, use the <emph>size</emph> command.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN113E5" xml-lang="en-US">Examples of single brackets</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN113E8" xml-lang="en-US">For non-scaled brackets:</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN113EB" xml-lang="en-US">a = \{ \( \[ b newline</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN113EE" xml-lang="en-US">{} + c \] \) \ }</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN113F3" xml-lang="en-US">For scaled brackets use <emph>none</emph> as the bracket name</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN113FA" xml-lang="en-US">a = left ( a over b right none newline</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN113FF" xml-lang="en-US">left none phantom {a over b} + c right )</paragraph>
<paragraph role="note" id="par_idN11404" xml-lang="en-US">The <emph>phantom</emph> statement ensures that the last bracket is the correct size.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="warning" id="par_id3145107" xml-lang="en-US">Be sure to put spaces (gaps) between elements when entering them directly in the Commands window. This ensures that the correct structure is recognized.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3153198" xml-lang="en-US">Useful information about <link href="text/smath/01/03091200.xhp" name="indexes and exponents">indexes and exponents</link> as well as <link href="text/smath/01/03091400.xhp" name="scaling">scaling</link> helps you structure formulas effectively. For more information about brackets, see <link href="text/smath/01/03091100.xhp" name="Brackets and Groups">Brackets and Grouping</link>.</paragraph>
</body>
</helpdocument>
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