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+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+==================
+Generic HDLC layer
+==================
+
+Krzysztof Halasa <khc@pm.waw.pl>
+
+
+Generic HDLC layer currently supports:
+
+1. Frame Relay (ANSI, CCITT, Cisco and no LMI)
+
+ - Normal (routed) and Ethernet-bridged (Ethernet device emulation)
+ interfaces can share a single PVC.
+ - ARP support (no InARP support in the kernel - there is an
+ experimental InARP user-space daemon available on:
+ http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/net/hdlc/).
+
+2. raw HDLC - either IP (IPv4) interface or Ethernet device emulation
+3. Cisco HDLC
+4. PPP
+5. X.25 (uses X.25 routines).
+
+Generic HDLC is a protocol driver only - it needs a low-level driver
+for your particular hardware.
+
+Ethernet device emulation (using HDLC or Frame-Relay PVC) is compatible
+with IEEE 802.1Q (VLANs) and 802.1D (Ethernet bridging).
+
+
+Make sure the hdlc.o and the hardware driver are loaded. It should
+create a number of "hdlc" (hdlc0 etc) network devices, one for each
+WAN port. You'll need the "sethdlc" utility, get it from:
+
+ http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/net/hdlc/
+
+Compile sethdlc.c utility::
+
+ gcc -O2 -Wall -o sethdlc sethdlc.c
+
+Make sure you're using a correct version of sethdlc for your kernel.
+
+Use sethdlc to set physical interface, clock rate, HDLC mode used,
+and add any required PVCs if using Frame Relay.
+Usually you want something like::
+
+ sethdlc hdlc0 clock int rate 128000
+ sethdlc hdlc0 cisco interval 10 timeout 25
+
+or::
+
+ sethdlc hdlc0 rs232 clock ext
+ sethdlc hdlc0 fr lmi ansi
+ sethdlc hdlc0 create 99
+ ifconfig hdlc0 up
+ ifconfig pvc0 localIP pointopoint remoteIP
+
+In Frame Relay mode, ifconfig master hdlc device up (without assigning
+any IP address to it) before using pvc devices.
+
+
+Setting interface:
+
+* v35 | rs232 | x21 | t1 | e1
+ - sets physical interface for a given port
+ if the card has software-selectable interfaces
+ loopback
+ - activate hardware loopback (for testing only)
+* clock ext
+ - both RX clock and TX clock external
+* clock int
+ - both RX clock and TX clock internal
+* clock txint
+ - RX clock external, TX clock internal
+* clock txfromrx
+ - RX clock external, TX clock derived from RX clock
+* rate
+ - sets clock rate in bps (for "int" or "txint" clock only)
+
+
+Setting protocol:
+
+* hdlc - sets raw HDLC (IP-only) mode
+
+ nrz / nrzi / fm-mark / fm-space / manchester - sets transmission code
+
+ no-parity / crc16 / crc16-pr0 (CRC16 with preset zeros) / crc32-itu
+
+ crc16-itu (CRC16 with ITU-T polynomial) / crc16-itu-pr0 - sets parity
+
+* hdlc-eth - Ethernet device emulation using HDLC. Parity and encoding
+ as above.
+
+* cisco - sets Cisco HDLC mode (IP, IPv6 and IPX supported)
+
+ interval - time in seconds between keepalive packets
+
+ timeout - time in seconds after last received keepalive packet before
+ we assume the link is down
+
+* ppp - sets synchronous PPP mode
+
+* x25 - sets X.25 mode
+
+* fr - Frame Relay mode
+
+ lmi ansi / ccitt / cisco / none - LMI (link management) type
+
+ dce - Frame Relay DCE (network) side LMI instead of default DTE (user).
+
+ It has nothing to do with clocks!
+
+ - t391 - link integrity verification polling timer (in seconds) - user
+ - t392 - polling verification timer (in seconds) - network
+ - n391 - full status polling counter - user
+ - n392 - error threshold - both user and network
+ - n393 - monitored events count - both user and network
+
+Frame-Relay only:
+
+* create n | delete n - adds / deletes PVC interface with DLCI #n.
+ Newly created interface will be named pvc0, pvc1 etc.
+
+* create ether n | delete ether n - adds a device for Ethernet-bridged
+ frames. The device will be named pvceth0, pvceth1 etc.
+
+
+
+
+Board-specific issues
+---------------------
+
+n2.o and c101.o need parameters to work::
+
+ insmod n2 hw=io,irq,ram,ports[:io,irq,...]
+
+example::
+
+ insmod n2 hw=0x300,10,0xD0000,01
+
+or::
+
+ insmod c101 hw=irq,ram[:irq,...]
+
+example::
+
+ insmod c101 hw=9,0xdc000
+
+If built into the kernel, these drivers need kernel (command line) parameters::
+
+ n2.hw=io,irq,ram,ports:...
+
+or::
+
+ c101.hw=irq,ram:...
+
+
+
+If you have a problem with N2, C101 or PLX200SYN card, you can issue the
+"private" command to see port's packet descriptor rings (in kernel logs)::
+
+ sethdlc hdlc0 private
+
+The hardware driver has to be build with #define DEBUG_RINGS.
+Attaching this info to bug reports would be helpful. Anyway, let me know
+if you have problems using this.
+
+For patches and other info look at:
+<http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/net/hdlc/>.