summaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/Documentation/sh
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/sh')
-rw-r--r--Documentation/sh/booting.rst12
-rw-r--r--Documentation/sh/index.rst54
-rw-r--r--Documentation/sh/new-machine.rst277
-rw-r--r--Documentation/sh/register-banks.rst40
4 files changed, 383 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/sh/booting.rst b/Documentation/sh/booting.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d851c49a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/sh/booting.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+DeviceTree Booting
+------------------
+
+ Device-tree compatible SH bootloaders are expected to provide the physical
+ address of the device tree blob in r4. Since legacy bootloaders did not
+ guarantee any particular initial register state, kernels built to
+ inter-operate with old bootloaders must either use a builtin DTB or
+ select a legacy board option (something other than CONFIG_SH_DEVICE_TREE)
+ that does not use device tree. Support for the latter is being phased out
+ in favor of device tree.
diff --git a/Documentation/sh/index.rst b/Documentation/sh/index.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7b9a79a28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/sh/index.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+=======================
+SuperH Interfaces Guide
+=======================
+
+:Author: Paul Mundt
+
+.. toctree::
+ :maxdepth: 1
+
+ booting
+ new-machine
+ register-banks
+
+Memory Management
+=================
+
+SH-4
+----
+
+Store Queue API
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. kernel-doc:: arch/sh/kernel/cpu/sh4/sq.c
+ :export:
+
+Machine Specific Interfaces
+===========================
+
+mach-dreamcast
+--------------
+
+.. kernel-doc:: arch/sh/boards/mach-dreamcast/rtc.c
+ :internal:
+
+mach-x3proto
+------------
+
+.. kernel-doc:: arch/sh/boards/mach-x3proto/ilsel.c
+ :export:
+
+Busses
+======
+
+SuperHyway
+----------
+
+.. kernel-doc:: drivers/sh/superhyway/superhyway.c
+ :export:
+
+Maple
+-----
+
+.. kernel-doc:: drivers/sh/maple/maple.c
+ :export:
diff --git a/Documentation/sh/new-machine.rst b/Documentation/sh/new-machine.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e501c52b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/sh/new-machine.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+=============================
+Adding a new board to LinuxSH
+=============================
+
+ Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
+
+This document attempts to outline what steps are necessary to add support
+for new boards to the LinuxSH port under the new 2.5 and 2.6 kernels. This
+also attempts to outline some of the noticeable changes between the 2.4
+and the 2.5/2.6 SH backend.
+
+1. New Directory Structure
+==========================
+
+The first thing to note is the new directory structure. Under 2.4, most
+of the board-specific code (with the exception of stboards) ended up
+in arch/sh/kernel/ directly, with board-specific headers ending up in
+include/asm-sh/. For the new kernel, things are broken out by board type,
+companion chip type, and CPU type. Looking at a tree view of this directory
+hierarchy looks like the following:
+
+Board-specific code::
+
+ .
+ |-- arch
+ | `-- sh
+ | `-- boards
+ | |-- adx
+ | | `-- board-specific files
+ | |-- bigsur
+ | | `-- board-specific files
+ | |
+ | ... more boards here ...
+ |
+ `-- include
+ `-- asm-sh
+ |-- adx
+ | `-- board-specific headers
+ |-- bigsur
+ | `-- board-specific headers
+ |
+ .. more boards here ...
+
+Next, for companion chips::
+
+ .
+ `-- arch
+ `-- sh
+ `-- cchips
+ `-- hd6446x
+ `-- hd64461
+ `-- cchip-specific files
+
+... and so on. Headers for the companion chips are treated the same way as
+board-specific headers. Thus, include/asm-sh/hd64461 is home to all of the
+hd64461-specific headers.
+
+Finally, CPU family support is also abstracted::
+
+ .
+ |-- arch
+ | `-- sh
+ | |-- kernel
+ | | `-- cpu
+ | | |-- sh2
+ | | | `-- SH-2 generic files
+ | | |-- sh3
+ | | | `-- SH-3 generic files
+ | | `-- sh4
+ | | `-- SH-4 generic files
+ | `-- mm
+ | `-- This is also broken out per CPU family, so each family can
+ | have their own set of cache/tlb functions.
+ |
+ `-- include
+ `-- asm-sh
+ |-- cpu-sh2
+ | `-- SH-2 specific headers
+ |-- cpu-sh3
+ | `-- SH-3 specific headers
+ `-- cpu-sh4
+ `-- SH-4 specific headers
+
+It should be noted that CPU subtypes are _not_ abstracted. Thus, these still
+need to be dealt with by the CPU family specific code.
+
+2. Adding a New Board
+=====================
+
+The first thing to determine is whether the board you are adding will be
+isolated, or whether it will be part of a family of boards that can mostly
+share the same board-specific code with minor differences.
+
+In the first case, this is just a matter of making a directory for your
+board in arch/sh/boards/ and adding rules to hook your board in with the
+build system (more on this in the next section). However, for board families
+it makes more sense to have a common top-level arch/sh/boards/ directory
+and then populate that with sub-directories for each member of the family.
+Both the Solution Engine and the hp6xx boards are an example of this.
+
+After you have setup your new arch/sh/boards/ directory, remember that you
+should also add a directory in include/asm-sh for headers localized to this
+board (if there are going to be more than one). In order to interoperate
+seamlessly with the build system, it's best to have this directory the same
+as the arch/sh/boards/ directory name, though if your board is again part of
+a family, the build system has ways of dealing with this (via incdir-y
+overloading), and you can feel free to name the directory after the family
+member itself.
+
+There are a few things that each board is required to have, both in the
+arch/sh/boards and the include/asm-sh/ hierarchy. In order to better
+explain this, we use some examples for adding an imaginary board. For
+setup code, we're required at the very least to provide definitions for
+get_system_type() and platform_setup(). For our imaginary board, this
+might look something like::
+
+ /*
+ * arch/sh/boards/vapor/setup.c - Setup code for imaginary board
+ */
+ #include <linux/init.h>
+
+ const char *get_system_type(void)
+ {
+ return "FooTech Vaporboard";
+ }
+
+ int __init platform_setup(void)
+ {
+ /*
+ * If our hardware actually existed, we would do real
+ * setup here. Though it's also sane to leave this empty
+ * if there's no real init work that has to be done for
+ * this board.
+ */
+
+ /* Start-up imaginary PCI ... */
+
+ /* And whatever else ... */
+
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+Our new imaginary board will also have to tie into the machvec in order for it
+to be of any use.
+
+machvec functions fall into a number of categories:
+
+ - I/O functions to IO memory (inb etc) and PCI/main memory (readb etc).
+ - I/O mapping functions (ioport_map, ioport_unmap, etc).
+ - a 'heartbeat' function.
+ - PCI and IRQ initialization routines.
+ - Consistent allocators (for boards that need special allocators,
+ particularly for allocating out of some board-specific SRAM for DMA
+ handles).
+
+There are machvec functions added and removed over time, so always be sure to
+consult include/asm-sh/machvec.h for the current state of the machvec.
+
+The kernel will automatically wrap in generic routines for undefined function
+pointers in the machvec at boot time, as machvec functions are referenced
+unconditionally throughout most of the tree. Some boards have incredibly
+sparse machvecs (such as the dreamcast and sh03), whereas others must define
+virtually everything (rts7751r2d).
+
+Adding a new machine is relatively trivial (using vapor as an example):
+
+If the board-specific definitions are quite minimalistic, as is the case for
+the vast majority of boards, simply having a single board-specific header is
+sufficient.
+
+ - add a new file include/asm-sh/vapor.h which contains prototypes for
+ any machine specific IO functions prefixed with the machine name, for
+ example vapor_inb. These will be needed when filling out the machine
+ vector.
+
+ Note that these prototypes are generated automatically by setting
+ __IO_PREFIX to something sensible. A typical example would be::
+
+ #define __IO_PREFIX vapor
+ #include <asm/io_generic.h>
+
+ somewhere in the board-specific header. Any boards being ported that still
+ have a legacy io.h should remove it entirely and switch to the new model.
+
+ - Add machine vector definitions to the board's setup.c. At a bare minimum,
+ this must be defined as something like::
+
+ struct sh_machine_vector mv_vapor __initmv = {
+ .mv_name = "vapor",
+ };
+ ALIAS_MV(vapor)
+
+ - finally add a file arch/sh/boards/vapor/io.c, which contains definitions of
+ the machine specific io functions (if there are enough to warrant it).
+
+3. Hooking into the Build System
+================================
+
+Now that we have the corresponding directories setup, and all of the
+board-specific code is in place, it's time to look at how to get the
+whole mess to fit into the build system.
+
+Large portions of the build system are now entirely dynamic, and merely
+require the proper entry here and there in order to get things done.
+
+The first thing to do is to add an entry to arch/sh/Kconfig, under the
+"System type" menu::
+
+ config SH_VAPOR
+ bool "Vapor"
+ help
+ select Vapor if configuring for a FooTech Vaporboard.
+
+next, this has to be added into arch/sh/Makefile. All boards require a
+machdir-y entry in order to be built. This entry needs to be the name of
+the board directory as it appears in arch/sh/boards, even if it is in a
+sub-directory (in which case, all parent directories below arch/sh/boards/
+need to be listed). For our new board, this entry can look like::
+
+ machdir-$(CONFIG_SH_VAPOR) += vapor
+
+provided that we've placed everything in the arch/sh/boards/vapor/ directory.
+
+Next, the build system assumes that your include/asm-sh directory will also
+be named the same. If this is not the case (as is the case with multiple
+boards belonging to a common family), then the directory name needs to be
+implicitly appended to incdir-y. The existing code manages this for the
+Solution Engine and hp6xx boards, so see these for an example.
+
+Once that is taken care of, it's time to add an entry for the mach type.
+This is done by adding an entry to the end of the arch/sh/tools/mach-types
+list. The method for doing this is self explanatory, and so we won't waste
+space restating it here. After this is done, you will be able to use
+implicit checks for your board if you need this somewhere throughout the
+common code, such as::
+
+ /* Make sure we're on the FooTech Vaporboard */
+ if (!mach_is_vapor())
+ return -ENODEV;
+
+also note that the mach_is_boardname() check will be implicitly forced to
+lowercase, regardless of the fact that the mach-types entries are all
+uppercase. You can read the script if you really care, but it's pretty ugly,
+so you probably don't want to do that.
+
+Now all that's left to do is providing a defconfig for your new board. This
+way, other people who end up with this board can simply use this config
+for reference instead of trying to guess what settings are supposed to be
+used on it.
+
+Also, as soon as you have copied over a sample .config for your new board
+(assume arch/sh/configs/vapor_defconfig), you can also use this directly as a
+build target, and it will be implicitly listed as such in the help text.
+
+Looking at the 'make help' output, you should now see something like:
+
+Architecture specific targets (sh):
+
+ ======================= =============================================
+ zImage Compressed kernel image (arch/sh/boot/zImage)
+ adx_defconfig Build for adx
+ cqreek_defconfig Build for cqreek
+ dreamcast_defconfig Build for dreamcast
+ ...
+ vapor_defconfig Build for vapor
+ ======================= =============================================
+
+which then allows you to do::
+
+ $ make ARCH=sh CROSS_COMPILE=sh4-linux- vapor_defconfig vmlinux
+
+which will in turn copy the defconfig for this board, run it through
+oldconfig (prompting you for any new options since the time of creation),
+and start you on your way to having a functional kernel for your new
+board.
diff --git a/Documentation/sh/register-banks.rst b/Documentation/sh/register-banks.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2bef5c8fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/sh/register-banks.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+==========================================
+Notes on register bank usage in the kernel
+==========================================
+
+Introduction
+------------
+
+The SH-3 and SH-4 CPU families traditionally include a single partial register
+bank (selected by SR.RB, only r0 ... r7 are banked), whereas other families
+may have more full-featured banking or simply no such capabilities at all.
+
+SR.RB banking
+-------------
+
+In the case of this type of banking, banked registers are mapped directly to
+r0 ... r7 if SR.RB is set to the bank we are interested in, otherwise ldc/stc
+can still be used to reference the banked registers (as r0_bank ... r7_bank)
+when in the context of another bank. The developer must keep the SR.RB value
+in mind when writing code that utilizes these banked registers, for obvious
+reasons. Userspace is also not able to poke at the bank1 values, so these can
+be used rather effectively as scratch registers by the kernel.
+
+Presently the kernel uses several of these registers.
+
+ - r0_bank, r1_bank (referenced as k0 and k1, used for scratch
+ registers when doing exception handling).
+
+ - r2_bank (used to track the EXPEVT/INTEVT code)
+
+ - Used by do_IRQ() and friends for doing irq mapping based off
+ of the interrupt exception vector jump table offset
+
+ - r6_bank (global interrupt mask)
+
+ - The SR.IMASK interrupt handler makes use of this to set the
+ interrupt priority level (used by local_irq_enable())
+
+ - r7_bank (current)