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+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
+
+.. _VIDIOC_G_TUNER:
+
+************************************
+ioctl VIDIOC_G_TUNER, VIDIOC_S_TUNER
+************************************
+
+Name
+====
+
+VIDIOC_G_TUNER - VIDIOC_S_TUNER - Get or set tuner attributes
+
+Synopsis
+========
+
+.. c:macro:: VIDIOC_G_TUNER
+
+``int ioctl(int fd, VIDIOC_G_TUNER, struct v4l2_tuner *argp)``
+
+.. c:macro:: VIDIOC_S_TUNER
+
+``int ioctl(int fd, VIDIOC_S_TUNER, const struct v4l2_tuner *argp)``
+
+Arguments
+=========
+
+``fd``
+ File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
+
+``argp``
+ Pointer to struct :c:type:`v4l2_tuner`.
+
+Description
+===========
+
+To query the attributes of a tuner applications initialize the ``index``
+field and zero out the ``reserved`` array of a struct
+:c:type:`v4l2_tuner` and call the ``VIDIOC_G_TUNER`` ioctl
+with a pointer to this structure. Drivers fill the rest of the structure
+or return an ``EINVAL`` error code when the index is out of bounds. To
+enumerate all tuners applications shall begin at index zero,
+incrementing by one until the driver returns ``EINVAL``.
+
+Tuners have two writable properties, the audio mode and the radio
+frequency. To change the audio mode, applications initialize the
+``index``, ``audmode`` and ``reserved`` fields and call the
+``VIDIOC_S_TUNER`` ioctl. This will *not* change the current tuner,
+which is determined by the current video input. Drivers may choose a
+different audio mode if the requested mode is invalid or unsupported.
+Since this is a write-only ioctl, it does not return the actually
+selected audio mode.
+
+:ref:`SDR <sdr>` specific tuner types are ``V4L2_TUNER_SDR`` and
+``V4L2_TUNER_RF``. For SDR devices ``audmode`` field must be initialized
+to zero. The term 'tuner' means SDR receiver in this context.
+
+To change the radio frequency the
+:ref:`VIDIOC_S_FREQUENCY <VIDIOC_G_FREQUENCY>` ioctl is available.
+
+ .. tabularcolumns:: |p{1.3cm}|p{3.0cm}|p{6.6cm}|p{6.6cm}|
+
+.. c:type:: v4l2_tuner
+
+.. cssclass:: longtable
+
+.. flat-table:: struct v4l2_tuner
+ :header-rows: 0
+ :stub-columns: 0
+
+ * - __u32
+ - ``index``
+ - :cspan:`1` Identifies the tuner, set by the application.
+ * - __u8
+ - ``name``\ [32]
+ - :cspan:`1`
+
+ Name of the tuner, a NUL-terminated ASCII string.
+
+ This information is intended for the user.
+ * - __u32
+ - ``type``
+ - :cspan:`1` Type of the tuner, see :c:type:`v4l2_tuner_type`.
+ * - __u32
+ - ``capability``
+ - :cspan:`1`
+
+ Tuner capability flags, see :ref:`tuner-capability`. Audio flags
+ indicate the ability to decode audio subprograms. They will *not*
+ change, for example with the current video standard.
+
+ When the structure refers to a radio tuner the
+ ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LANG1``, ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LANG2`` and
+ ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_NORM`` flags can't be used.
+
+ If multiple frequency bands are supported, then ``capability`` is
+ the union of all ``capability`` fields of each struct
+ :c:type:`v4l2_frequency_band`.
+ * - __u32
+ - ``rangelow``
+ - :cspan:`1` The lowest tunable frequency in units of 62.5 kHz, or
+ if the ``capability`` flag ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LOW`` is set, in units
+ of 62.5 Hz, or if the ``capability`` flag ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_1HZ``
+ is set, in units of 1 Hz. If multiple frequency bands are
+ supported, then ``rangelow`` is the lowest frequency of all the
+ frequency bands.
+ * - __u32
+ - ``rangehigh``
+ - :cspan:`1` The highest tunable frequency in units of 62.5 kHz,
+ or if the ``capability`` flag ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LOW`` is set, in
+ units of 62.5 Hz, or if the ``capability`` flag
+ ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_1HZ`` is set, in units of 1 Hz. If multiple
+ frequency bands are supported, then ``rangehigh`` is the highest
+ frequency of all the frequency bands.
+ * - __u32
+ - ``rxsubchans``
+ - :cspan:`1`
+
+ Some tuners or audio decoders can determine the received audio
+ subprograms by analyzing audio carriers, pilot tones or other
+ indicators. To pass this information drivers set flags defined in
+ :ref:`tuner-rxsubchans` in this field. For example:
+ * -
+ -
+ - ``V4L2_TUNER_SUB_MONO``
+ - receiving mono audio
+ * -
+ -
+ - ``STEREO | SAP``
+ - receiving stereo audio and a secondary audio program
+ * -
+ -
+ - ``MONO | STEREO``
+ - receiving mono or stereo audio, the hardware cannot distinguish
+ * -
+ -
+ - ``LANG1 | LANG2``
+ - receiving bilingual audio
+ * -
+ -
+ - ``MONO | STEREO | LANG1 | LANG2``
+ - receiving mono, stereo or bilingual audio
+ * -
+ -
+ - :cspan:`1`
+
+ When the ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_STEREO``, ``_LANG1``, ``_LANG2`` or
+ ``_SAP`` flag is cleared in the ``capability`` field, the
+ corresponding ``V4L2_TUNER_SUB_`` flag must not be set here.
+
+ This field is valid only if this is the tuner of the current video
+ input, or when the structure refers to a radio tuner.
+ * - __u32
+ - ``audmode``
+ - :cspan:`1`
+
+ The selected audio mode, see :ref:`tuner-audmode` for valid
+ values. The audio mode does not affect audio subprogram detection,
+ and like a :ref:`control` it does not automatically
+ change unless the requested mode is invalid or unsupported. See
+ :ref:`tuner-matrix` for possible results when the selected and
+ received audio programs do not match.
+
+ Currently this is the only field of struct
+ struct :c:type:`v4l2_tuner` applications can change.
+ * - __u32
+ - ``signal``
+ - :cspan:`1` The signal strength if known.
+
+ Ranging from 0 to 65535. Higher values indicate a better signal.
+ * - __s32
+ - ``afc``
+ - :cspan:`1` Automatic frequency control.
+
+ When the ``afc`` value is negative, the frequency is too
+ low, when positive too high.
+ * - __u32
+ - ``reserved``\ [4]
+ - :cspan:`1` Reserved for future extensions.
+
+ Drivers and applications must set the array to zero.
+
+
+.. tabularcolumns:: |p{6.6cm}|p{2.2cm}|p{8.7cm}|
+
+.. c:type:: v4l2_tuner_type
+
+.. flat-table:: enum v4l2_tuner_type
+ :header-rows: 0
+ :stub-columns: 0
+ :widths: 3 1 6
+
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_RADIO``
+ - 1
+ - Tuner supports radio
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV``
+ - 2
+ - Tuner supports analog TV
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_SDR``
+ - 4
+ - Tuner controls the A/D and/or D/A block of a
+ Software Digital Radio (SDR)
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_RF``
+ - 5
+ - Tuner controls the RF part of a Software Digital Radio (SDR)
+
+.. tabularcolumns:: |p{6.6cm}|p{2.2cm}|p{8.7cm}|
+
+.. _tuner-capability:
+
+.. cssclass:: longtable
+
+.. flat-table:: Tuner and Modulator Capability Flags
+ :header-rows: 0
+ :stub-columns: 0
+ :widths: 3 1 4
+
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LOW``
+ - 0x0001
+ - When set, tuning frequencies are expressed in units of 62.5 Hz
+ instead of 62.5 kHz.
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_NORM``
+ - 0x0002
+ - This is a multi-standard tuner; the video standard can or must be
+ switched. (B/G PAL tuners for example are typically not considered
+ multi-standard because the video standard is automatically
+ determined from the frequency band.) The set of supported video
+ standards is available from the struct
+ :c:type:`v4l2_input` pointing to this tuner, see the
+ description of ioctl :ref:`VIDIOC_ENUMINPUT`
+ for details. Only ``V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV`` tuners can have this
+ capability.
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_HWSEEK_BOUNDED``
+ - 0x0004
+ - If set, then this tuner supports the hardware seek functionality
+ where the seek stops when it reaches the end of the frequency
+ range.
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_HWSEEK_WRAP``
+ - 0x0008
+ - If set, then this tuner supports the hardware seek functionality
+ where the seek wraps around when it reaches the end of the
+ frequency range.
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_STEREO``
+ - 0x0010
+ - Stereo audio reception is supported.
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LANG1``
+ - 0x0040
+ - Reception of the primary language of a bilingual audio program is
+ supported. Bilingual audio is a feature of two-channel systems,
+ transmitting the primary language monaural on the main audio
+ carrier and a secondary language monaural on a second carrier.
+ Only ``V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV`` tuners can have this capability.
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LANG2``
+ - 0x0020
+ - Reception of the secondary language of a bilingual audio program
+ is supported. Only ``V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV`` tuners can have this
+ capability.
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_SAP``
+ - 0x0020
+ - Reception of a secondary audio program is supported. This is a
+ feature of the BTSC system which accompanies the NTSC video
+ standard. Two audio carriers are available for mono or stereo
+ transmissions of a primary language, and an independent third
+ carrier for a monaural secondary language. Only
+ ``V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV`` tuners can have this capability.
+
+ .. note::
+
+ The ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LANG2`` and ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_SAP``
+ flags are synonyms. ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_SAP`` applies when the tuner
+ supports the ``V4L2_STD_NTSC_M`` video standard.
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_RDS``
+ - 0x0080
+ - RDS capture is supported. This capability is only valid for radio
+ tuners.
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_RDS_BLOCK_IO``
+ - 0x0100
+ - The RDS data is passed as unparsed RDS blocks.
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_RDS_CONTROLS``
+ - 0x0200
+ - The RDS data is parsed by the hardware and set via controls.
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_FREQ_BANDS``
+ - 0x0400
+ - The :ref:`VIDIOC_ENUM_FREQ_BANDS`
+ ioctl can be used to enumerate the available frequency bands.
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_HWSEEK_PROG_LIM``
+ - 0x0800
+ - The range to search when using the hardware seek functionality is
+ programmable, see
+ :ref:`VIDIOC_S_HW_FREQ_SEEK` for
+ details.
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_CAP_1HZ``
+ - 0x1000
+ - When set, tuning frequencies are expressed in units of 1 Hz
+ instead of 62.5 kHz.
+
+
+.. tabularcolumns:: |p{6.6cm}|p{2.2cm}|p{8.7cm}|
+
+.. _tuner-rxsubchans:
+
+.. flat-table:: Tuner Audio Reception Flags
+ :header-rows: 0
+ :stub-columns: 0
+ :widths: 3 1 4
+
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_SUB_MONO``
+ - 0x0001
+ - The tuner receives a mono audio signal.
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_SUB_STEREO``
+ - 0x0002
+ - The tuner receives a stereo audio signal.
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_SUB_LANG1``
+ - 0x0008
+ - The tuner receives the primary language of a bilingual audio
+ signal. Drivers must clear this flag when the current video
+ standard is ``V4L2_STD_NTSC_M``.
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_SUB_LANG2``
+ - 0x0004
+ - The tuner receives the secondary language of a bilingual audio
+ signal (or a second audio program).
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_SUB_SAP``
+ - 0x0004
+ - The tuner receives a Second Audio Program.
+
+ .. note::
+
+ The ``V4L2_TUNER_SUB_LANG2`` and ``V4L2_TUNER_SUB_SAP``
+ flags are synonyms. The ``V4L2_TUNER_SUB_SAP`` flag applies
+ when the current video standard is ``V4L2_STD_NTSC_M``.
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_SUB_RDS``
+ - 0x0010
+ - The tuner receives an RDS channel.
+
+
+.. tabularcolumns:: |p{6.6cm}|p{2.2cm}|p{8.7cm}|
+
+.. _tuner-audmode:
+
+.. flat-table:: Tuner Audio Modes
+ :header-rows: 0
+ :stub-columns: 0
+ :widths: 3 1 4
+
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_MODE_MONO``
+ - 0
+ - Play mono audio. When the tuner receives a stereo signal this a
+ down-mix of the left and right channel. When the tuner receives a
+ bilingual or SAP signal this mode selects the primary language.
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_MODE_STEREO``
+ - 1
+ - Play stereo audio. When the tuner receives bilingual audio it may
+ play different languages on the left and right channel or the
+ primary language is played on both channels.
+
+ Playing different languages in this mode is deprecated. New
+ drivers should do this only in ``MODE_LANG1_LANG2``.
+
+ When the tuner receives no stereo signal or does not support
+ stereo reception the driver shall fall back to ``MODE_MONO``.
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_MODE_LANG1``
+ - 3
+ - Play the primary language, mono or stereo. Only
+ ``V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV`` tuners support this mode.
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_MODE_LANG2``
+ - 2
+ - Play the secondary language, mono. When the tuner receives no
+ bilingual audio or SAP, or their reception is not supported the
+ driver shall fall back to mono or stereo mode. Only
+ ``V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV`` tuners support this mode.
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_MODE_SAP``
+ - 2
+ - Play the Second Audio Program. When the tuner receives no
+ bilingual audio or SAP, or their reception is not supported the
+ driver shall fall back to mono or stereo mode. Only
+ ``V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV`` tuners support this mode.
+
+ .. note:: The ``V4L2_TUNER_MODE_LANG2`` and ``V4L2_TUNER_MODE_SAP``
+ are synonyms.
+ * - ``V4L2_TUNER_MODE_LANG1_LANG2``
+ - 4
+ - Play the primary language on the left channel, the secondary
+ language on the right channel. When the tuner receives no
+ bilingual audio or SAP, it shall fall back to ``MODE_LANG1`` or
+ ``MODE_MONO``. Only ``V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV`` tuners support this
+ mode.
+
+.. raw:: latex
+
+ \scriptsize
+
+.. tabularcolumns:: |p{1.5cm}|p{1.5cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|p{2.9cm}|
+
+.. _tuner-matrix:
+
+.. flat-table:: Tuner Audio Matrix
+ :header-rows: 2
+ :stub-columns: 0
+ :widths: 7 7 14 14 14 14
+
+ * -
+ - :cspan:`4` Selected ``V4L2_TUNER_MODE_``
+ * - Received ``V4L2_TUNER_SUB_``
+ - ``MONO``
+ - ``STEREO``
+ - ``LANG1``
+ - ``LANG2 = SAP``
+ - ``LANG1_LANG2``\ [#f1]_
+ * - ``MONO``
+ - Mono
+ - Mono/Mono
+ - Mono
+ - Mono
+ - Mono/Mono
+ * - ``MONO | SAP``
+ - Mono
+ - Mono/Mono
+ - Mono
+ - SAP
+ - Mono/SAP (preferred) or Mono/Mono
+ * - ``STEREO``
+ - L+R
+ - L/R
+ - Stereo L/R (preferred) or Mono L+R
+ - Stereo L/R (preferred) or Mono L+R
+ - L/R (preferred) or L+R/L+R
+ * - ``STEREO | SAP``
+ - L+R
+ - L/R
+ - Stereo L/R (preferred) or Mono L+R
+ - SAP
+ - L+R/SAP (preferred) or L/R or L+R/L+R
+ * - ``LANG1 | LANG2``
+ - Language 1
+ - Lang1/Lang2 (deprecated\ [#f2]_) or Lang1/Lang1
+ - Language 1
+ - Language 2
+ - Lang1/Lang2 (preferred) or Lang1/Lang1
+
+.. raw:: latex
+
+ \normalsize
+
+Return Value
+============
+
+On success 0 is returned, on error -1 and the ``errno`` variable is set
+appropriately. The generic error codes are described at the
+:ref:`Generic Error Codes <gen-errors>` chapter.
+
+EINVAL
+ The struct :c:type:`v4l2_tuner` ``index`` is out of
+ bounds.
+
+.. [#f1]
+ This mode has been added in Linux 2.6.17 and may not be supported by
+ older drivers.
+
+.. [#f2]
+ Playback of both languages in ``MODE_STEREO`` is deprecated. In the
+ future drivers should produce only the primary language in this mode.
+ Applications should request ``MODE_LANG1_LANG2`` to record both
+ languages or a stereo signal.