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+pam_unix — Module for traditional password authentication
+
+━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
+
+DESCRIPTION
+
+This is the standard Unix authentication module. It uses standard calls from
+the system's libraries to retrieve and set account information as well as
+authentication. Usually this is obtained from the /etc/passwd and the /etc/
+shadow file as well if shadow is enabled.
+
+The account component performs the task of establishing the status of the
+user's account and password based on the following shadow elements: expire,
+last_change, max_change, min_change, warn_change. In the case of the latter, it
+may offer advice to the user on changing their password or, through the
+PAM_AUTHTOKEN_REQD return, delay giving service to the user until they have
+established a new password. The entries listed above are documented in the
+shadow(5) manual page. Should the user's record not contain one or more of
+these entries, the corresponding shadow check is not performed.
+
+The authentication component performs the task of checking the users
+credentials (password). The default action of this module is to not permit the
+user access to a service if their official password is blank.
+
+A helper binary, unix_chkpwd(8), is provided to check the user's password when
+it is stored in a read protected database. This binary is very simple and will
+only check the password of the user invoking it. It is called transparently on
+behalf of the user by the authenticating component of this module. In this way
+it is possible for applications like xlock(1) to work without being
+setuid-root. The module, by default, will temporarily turn off SIGCHLD handling
+for the duration of execution of the helper binary. This is generally the right
+thing to do, as many applications are not prepared to handle this signal from a
+child they didn't know was fork()d. The noreap module argument can be used to
+suppress this temporary shielding and may be needed for use with certain
+applications.
+
+The maximum length of a password supported by the pam_unix module via the
+helper binary is PAM_MAX_RESP_SIZE - currently 512 bytes. The rest of the
+password provided by the conversation function to the module will be ignored.
+
+The password component of this module performs the task of updating the user's
+password. The default encryption hash is taken from the ENCRYPT_METHOD variable
+from /etc/login.defs
+
+The session component of this module logs when a user logins or leave the
+system.
+
+Remaining arguments, supported by others functions of this module, are silently
+ignored. Other arguments are logged as errors through syslog(3).
+
+OPTIONS
+
+debug
+
+ Turns on debugging via syslog(3).
+
+audit
+
+ A little more extreme than debug.
+
+quiet
+
+ Turns off informational messages namely messages about session open and
+ close via syslog(3).
+
+nullok
+
+ The default action of this module is to not permit the user access to a
+ service if their official password is blank. The nullok argument overrides
+ this default.
+
+nullresetok
+
+ Allow users to authenticate with blank password if password reset is
+ enforced even if nullok is not set. If password reset is not required and
+ nullok is not set the authentication with blank password will be denied.
+
+try_first_pass
+
+ Before prompting the user for their password, the module first tries the
+ previous stacked module's password in case that satisfies this module as
+ well.
+
+use_first_pass
+
+ The argument use_first_pass forces the module to use a previous stacked
+ modules password and will never prompt the user - if no password is
+ available or the password is not appropriate, the user will be denied
+ access.
+
+nodelay
+
+ This argument can be used to discourage the authentication component from
+ requesting a delay should the authentication as a whole fail. The default
+ action is for the module to request a delay-on-failure of the order of two
+ second.
+
+use_authtok
+
+ When password changing enforce the module to set the new password to the
+ one provided by a previously stacked password module (this is used in the
+ example of the stacking of the pam_cracklib module documented below).
+
+authtok_type=type
+
+ This argument can be used to modify the password prompt when changing
+ passwords to include the type of the password. Empty by default.
+
+nis
+
+ NIS RPC is used for setting new passwords.
+
+remember=n
+
+ The last n passwords for each user are saved in /etc/security/opasswd in
+ order to force password change history and keep the user from alternating
+ between the same password too frequently. The MD5 password hash algorithm
+ is used for storing the old passwords. Instead of this option the
+ pam_pwhistory module should be used.
+
+shadow
+
+ Try to maintain a shadow based system.
+
+md5
+
+ When a user changes their password next, encrypt it with the MD5 algorithm.
+
+bigcrypt
+
+ When a user changes their password next, encrypt it with the DEC C2
+ algorithm.
+
+sha256
+
+ When a user changes their password next, encrypt it with the SHA256
+ algorithm. The SHA256 algorithm must be supported by the crypt(3) function.
+
+sha512
+
+ When a user changes their password next, encrypt it with the SHA512
+ algorithm. The SHA512 algorithm must be supported by the crypt(3) function.
+
+blowfish
+
+ When a user changes their password next, encrypt it with the blowfish
+ algorithm. The blowfish algorithm must be supported by the crypt(3)
+ function.
+
+gost_yescrypt
+
+ When a user changes their password next, encrypt it with the gost-yescrypt
+ algorithm. The gost-yescrypt algorithm must be supported by the crypt(3)
+ function.
+
+yescrypt
+
+ When a user changes their password next, encrypt it with the yescrypt
+ algorithm. The yescrypt algorithm must be supported by the crypt(3)
+ function.
+
+rounds=n
+
+ Set the optional number of rounds of the SHA256, SHA512, blowfish,
+ gost-yescrypt, and yescrypt password hashing algorithms to n.
+
+broken_shadow
+
+ Ignore errors reading shadow information for users in the account
+ management module.
+
+minlen=n
+
+ Set a minimum password length of n characters. The max. for DES crypt based
+ passwords are 8 characters.
+
+no_pass_expiry
+
+ When set ignore password expiration as defined by the shadow entry of the
+ user. The option has an effect only in case pam_unix was not used for the
+ authentication or it returned authentication failure meaning that other
+ authentication source or method succeeded. The example can be public key
+ authentication in sshd. The module will return PAM_SUCCESS instead of
+ eventual PAM_NEW_AUTHTOK_REQD or PAM_AUTHTOK_EXPIRED.
+
+Invalid arguments are logged with syslog(3).
+
+EXAMPLES
+
+An example usage for /etc/pam.d/login would be:
+
+# Authenticate the user
+auth required pam_unix.so
+# Ensure users account and password are still active
+account required pam_unix.so
+# Change the user's password, but at first check the strength
+# with pam_cracklib(8)
+password required pam_cracklib.so retry=3 minlen=6 difok=3
+password required pam_unix.so use_authtok nullok yescrypt
+session required pam_unix.so
+
+
+AUTHOR
+
+pam_unix was written by various people.
+