summaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/html/oqmgr.8.html
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
authorDaniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>2024-04-27 12:06:34 +0000
committerDaniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>2024-04-27 12:06:34 +0000
commit5e61585d76ae77fd5e9e96ebabb57afa4d74880d (patch)
tree2b467823aaeebc7ef8bc9e3cabe8074eaef1666d /html/oqmgr.8.html
parentInitial commit. (diff)
downloadpostfix-5e61585d76ae77fd5e9e96ebabb57afa4d74880d.tar.xz
postfix-5e61585d76ae77fd5e9e96ebabb57afa4d74880d.zip
Adding upstream version 3.5.24.upstream/3.5.24upstream
Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>
Diffstat (limited to '')
-rw-r--r--html/oqmgr.8.html424
1 files changed, 424 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/html/oqmgr.8.html b/html/oqmgr.8.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6f69135
--- /dev/null
+++ b/html/oqmgr.8.html
@@ -0,0 +1,424 @@
+<!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
+<html> <head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
+<title> Postfix manual - oqmgr(8) </title>
+</head> <body> <pre>
+OQMGR(8) OQMGR(8)
+
+<b>NAME</b>
+ oqmgr - old Postfix queue manager
+
+<b>SYNOPSIS</b>
+ <b>oqmgr</b> [generic Postfix daemon options]
+
+<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
+ The <a href="qmgr.8.html"><b>oqmgr</b>(8)</a> daemon awaits the arrival of incoming mail and arranges
+ for its delivery via Postfix delivery processes. The actual mail rout-
+ ing strategy is delegated to the <a href="trivial-rewrite.8.html"><b>trivial-rewrite</b>(8)</a> daemon. This pro-
+ gram expects to be run from the <a href="master.8.html"><b>master</b>(8)</a> process manager.
+
+ Mail addressed to the local <b>double-bounce</b> address is logged and dis-
+ carded. This stops potential loops caused by undeliverable bounce
+ notifications.
+
+<b>MAIL QUEUES</b>
+ The <a href="qmgr.8.html"><b>oqmgr</b>(8)</a> daemon maintains the following queues:
+
+ <b>incoming</b>
+ Inbound mail from the network, or mail picked up by the local
+ <a href="pickup.8.html"><b>pickup</b>(8)</a> agent from the <b>maildrop</b> directory.
+
+ <b>active</b> Messages that the queue manager has opened for delivery. Only a
+ limited number of messages is allowed to enter the <b>active</b> queue
+ (leaky bucket strategy, for a fixed delivery rate).
+
+ <b>deferred</b>
+ Mail that could not be delivered upon the first attempt. The
+ queue manager implements exponential backoff by doubling the
+ time between delivery attempts.
+
+ <b>corrupt</b>
+ Unreadable or damaged queue files are moved here for inspection.
+
+ <b>hold</b> Messages that are kept "on hold" are kept here until someone
+ sets them free.
+
+<b>DELIVERY STATUS REPORTS</b>
+ The <a href="qmgr.8.html"><b>oqmgr</b>(8)</a> daemon keeps an eye on per-message delivery status reports
+ in the following directories. Each status report file has the same name
+ as the corresponding message file:
+
+ <b>bounce</b> Per-recipient status information about why mail is bounced.
+ These files are maintained by the <a href="bounce.8.html"><b>bounce</b>(8)</a> daemon.
+
+ <b>defer</b> Per-recipient status information about why mail is delayed.
+ These files are maintained by the <a href="defer.8.html"><b>defer</b>(8)</a> daemon.
+
+ <b>trace</b> Per-recipient status information as requested with the Postfix
+ "<b>sendmail -v</b>" or "<b>sendmail -bv</b>" command. These files are main-
+ tained by the <a href="trace.8.html"><b>trace</b>(8)</a> daemon.
+
+ The <a href="qmgr.8.html"><b>oqmgr</b>(8)</a> daemon is responsible for asking the <a href="bounce.8.html"><b>bounce</b>(8)</a>, <a href="defer.8.html"><b>defer</b>(8)</a>
+ or <a href="trace.8.html"><b>trace</b>(8)</a> daemons to send delivery reports.
+
+<b>STRATEGIES</b>
+ The queue manager implements a variety of strategies for either opening
+ queue files (input) or for message delivery (output).
+
+ <b>leaky bucket</b>
+ This strategy limits the number of messages in the <b>active</b> queue
+ and prevents the queue manager from running out of memory under
+ heavy load.
+
+ <b>fairness</b>
+ When the <b>active</b> queue has room, the queue manager takes one mes-
+ sage from the <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#incoming_queue"><b>incoming</b> queue</a> and one from the <b>deferred</b> queue.
+ This prevents a large mail backlog from blocking the delivery of
+ new mail.
+
+ <b>slow start</b>
+ This strategy eliminates "thundering herd" problems by slowly
+ adjusting the number of parallel deliveries to the same destina-
+ tion.
+
+ <b>round robin</b>
+ The queue manager sorts delivery requests by destination.
+ Round-robin selection prevents one destination from dominating
+ deliveries to other destinations.
+
+ <b>exponential backoff</b>
+ Mail that cannot be delivered upon the first attempt is
+ deferred. The time interval between delivery attempts is dou-
+ bled after each attempt.
+
+ <b>destination status cache</b>
+ The queue manager avoids unnecessary delivery attempts by main-
+ taining a short-term, in-memory list of unreachable destina-
+ tions.
+
+<b>TRIGGERS</b>
+ On an idle system, the queue manager waits for the arrival of trigger
+ events, or it waits for a timer to go off. A trigger is a one-byte mes-
+ sage. Depending on the message received, the queue manager performs
+ one of the following actions (the message is followed by the symbolic
+ constant used internally by the software):
+
+ <b>D (QMGR_REQ_SCAN_DEFERRED)</b>
+ Start a <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#deferred_queue">deferred queue</a> scan. If a deferred queue scan is
+ already in progress, that scan will be restarted as soon as it
+ finishes.
+
+ <b>I (QMGR_REQ_SCAN_INCOMING)</b>
+ Start an <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#incoming_queue">incoming queue</a> scan. If an incoming queue scan is
+ already in progress, that scan will be restarted as soon as it
+ finishes.
+
+ <b>A (QMGR_REQ_SCAN_ALL)</b>
+ Ignore <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#deferred_queue">deferred queue</a> file time stamps. The request affects the
+ next <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#deferred_queue">deferred queue</a> scan.
+
+ <b>F (QMGR_REQ_FLUSH_DEAD)</b>
+ Purge all information about dead transports and destinations.
+
+ <b>W (TRIGGER_REQ_WAKEUP)</b>
+ Wakeup call, This is used by the master server to instantiate
+ servers that should not go away forever. The action is to start
+ an <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#incoming_queue">incoming queue</a> scan.
+
+ The <a href="qmgr.8.html"><b>oqmgr</b>(8)</a> daemon reads an entire buffer worth of triggers. Multiple
+ identical trigger requests are collapsed into one, and trigger requests
+ are sorted so that <b>A</b> and <b>F</b> precede <b>D</b> and <b>I</b>. Thus, in order to force a
+ <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#deferred_queue">deferred queue</a> run, one would request <b>A F D</b>; in order to notify the
+ queue manager of the arrival of new mail one would request <b>I</b>.
+
+<b>STANDARDS</b>
+ <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3463">RFC 3463</a> (Enhanced status codes)
+ <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3464">RFC 3464</a> (Delivery status notifications)
+
+<b>SECURITY</b>
+ The <a href="qmgr.8.html"><b>oqmgr</b>(8)</a> daemon is not security sensitive. It reads single-charac-
+ ter messages from untrusted local users, and thus may be susceptible to
+ denial of service attacks. The <a href="qmgr.8.html"><b>oqmgr</b>(8)</a> daemon does not talk to the
+ outside world, and it can be run at fixed low privilege in a chrooted
+ environment.
+
+<b>DIAGNOSTICS</b>
+ Problems and transactions are logged to the <b>syslogd</b>(8) or <a href="postlogd.8.html"><b>postlogd</b>(8)</a>
+ daemon. Corrupted message files are saved to the <b>corrupt</b> queue for
+ further inspection.
+
+ Depending on the setting of the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#notify_classes">notify_classes</a></b> parameter, the postmas-
+ ter is notified of bounces and of other trouble.
+
+<b>BUGS</b>
+ A single queue manager process has to compete for disk access with mul-
+ tiple front-end processes such as <a href="cleanup.8.html"><b>cleanup</b>(8)</a>. A sudden burst of inbound
+ mail can negatively impact outbound delivery rates.
+
+<b>CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS</b>
+ Changes to <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> are not picked up automatically, as <a href="qmgr.8.html"><b>oqmgr</b>(8)</a> is a
+ persistent process. Use the command "<b>postfix reload</b>" after a configura-
+ tion change.
+
+ The text below provides only a parameter summary. See <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>postconf</b>(5)</a> for
+ more details including examples.
+
+ In the text below, <i>transport</i> is the first field in a <a href="master.5.html"><b>master.cf</b></a> entry.
+
+<b>COMPATIBILITY CONTROLS</b>
+ Available before Postfix version 2.5:
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#allow_min_user">allow_min_user</a> (no)</b>
+ Allow a sender or recipient address to have `-' as the first
+ character.
+
+ Available with Postfix version 2.7 and later:
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_filter_nexthop">default_filter_nexthop</a> (empty)</b>
+ When a <a href="postconf.5.html#content_filter">content_filter</a> or FILTER request specifies no explicit
+ next-hop destination, use $<a href="postconf.5.html#default_filter_nexthop">default_filter_nexthop</a> instead; when
+ that value is empty, use the domain in the recipient address.
+
+<b>ACTIVE QUEUE CONTROLS</b>
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#qmgr_clog_warn_time">qmgr_clog_warn_time</a> (300s)</b>
+ The minimal delay between warnings that a specific destination
+ is clogging up the Postfix <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#active_queue">active queue</a>.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#qmgr_message_active_limit">qmgr_message_active_limit</a> (20000)</b>
+ The maximal number of messages in the <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#active_queue">active queue</a>.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#qmgr_message_recipient_limit">qmgr_message_recipient_limit</a> (20000)</b>
+ The maximal number of recipients held in memory by the Postfix
+ queue manager, and the maximal size of the short-term, in-memory
+ "dead" destination status cache.
+
+<b>DELIVERY CONCURRENCY CONTROLS</b>
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#qmgr_fudge_factor">qmgr_fudge_factor</a> (100)</b>
+ Obsolete feature: the percentage of delivery resources that a
+ busy mail system will use up for delivery of a large mailing
+ list message.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#initial_destination_concurrency">initial_destination_concurrency</a> (5)</b>
+ The initial per-destination concurrency level for parallel
+ delivery to the same destination.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_limit">default_destination_concurrency_limit</a> (20)</b>
+ The default maximal number of parallel deliveries to the same
+ destination.
+
+ <b>transport_destination_concurrency_limit ($<a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_limit">default_destination_concur</a>-</b>
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_limit">rency_limit</a>)</b>
+ A transport-specific override for the default_destination_con-
+ currency_limit parameter value, where <i>transport</i> is the <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a>
+ name of the message delivery transport.
+
+ Available in Postfix version 2.5 and later:
+
+ <b>transport_initial_destination_concurrency ($<a href="postconf.5.html#initial_destination_concurrency">initial_destination_concur</a>-</b>
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#initial_destination_concurrency">rency</a>)</b>
+ A transport-specific override for the initial_destination_con-
+ currency parameter value, where <i>transport</i> is the <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> name
+ of the message delivery transport.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit">default_destination_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit</a> (1)</b>
+ How many pseudo-cohorts must suffer connection or handshake
+ failure before a specific destination is considered unavailable
+ (and further delivery is suspended).
+
+ <b>transport_destination_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit ($<a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit">default_desti</a>-</b>
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit">nation_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit</a>)</b>
+ A transport-specific override for the <a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit">default_destination_con</a>-
+ <a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit">currency_failed_cohort_limit</a> parameter value, where <i>transport</i> is
+ the <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> name of the message delivery transport.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_negative_feedback">default_destination_concurrency_negative_feedback</a> (1)</b>
+ The per-destination amount of delivery concurrency negative
+ feedback, after a delivery completes with a connection or hand-
+ shake failure.
+
+ <b>transport_destination_concurrency_negative_feedback ($<a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_negative_feedback">default_destina</a>-</b>
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_negative_feedback">tion_concurrency_negative_feedback</a>)</b>
+ A transport-specific override for the default_destination_con-
+ currency_negative_feedback parameter value, where <i>transport</i> is
+ the <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> name of the message delivery transport.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_positive_feedback">default_destination_concurrency_positive_feedback</a> (1)</b>
+ The per-destination amount of delivery concurrency positive
+ feedback, after a delivery completes without connection or hand-
+ shake failure.
+
+ <b>transport_destination_concurrency_positive_feedback ($<a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_positive_feedback">default_destina</a>-</b>
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_concurrency_positive_feedback">tion_concurrency_positive_feedback</a>)</b>
+ A transport-specific override for the default_destination_con-
+ currency_positive_feedback parameter value, where <i>transport</i> is
+ the <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> name of the message delivery transport.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#destination_concurrency_feedback_debug">destination_concurrency_feedback_debug</a> (no)</b>
+ Make the queue manager's feedback algorithm verbose for perfor-
+ mance analysis purposes.
+
+<b>RECIPIENT SCHEDULING CONTROLS</b>
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_recipient_limit">default_destination_recipient_limit</a> (50)</b>
+ The default maximal number of recipients per message delivery.
+
+ <b>transport_destination_recipient_limit ($<a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_recipient_limit">default_destination_recipi</a>-</b>
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_recipient_limit">ent_limit</a>)</b>
+ A transport-specific override for the <a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_recipient_limit">default_destination_recip</a>-
+ <a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_recipient_limit">ient_limit</a> parameter value, where <i>transport</i> is the <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a>
+ name of the message delivery transport.
+
+<b>OTHER RESOURCE AND RATE CONTROLS</b>
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#minimal_backoff_time">minimal_backoff_time</a> (300s)</b>
+ The minimal time between attempts to deliver a deferred message;
+ prior to Postfix 2.4 the default value was 1000s.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#maximal_backoff_time">maximal_backoff_time</a> (4000s)</b>
+ The maximal time between attempts to deliver a deferred message.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#maximal_queue_lifetime">maximal_queue_lifetime</a> (5d)</b>
+ Consider a message as undeliverable, when delivery fails with a
+ temporary error, and the time in the queue has reached the <a href="postconf.5.html#maximal_queue_lifetime">maxi</a>-
+ <a href="postconf.5.html#maximal_queue_lifetime">mal_queue_lifetime</a> limit.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#queue_run_delay">queue_run_delay</a> (300s)</b>
+ The time between <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#deferred_queue">deferred queue</a> scans by the queue manager;
+ prior to Postfix 2.4 the default value was 1000s.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#transport_retry_time">transport_retry_time</a> (60s)</b>
+ The time between attempts by the Postfix queue manager to con-
+ tact a malfunctioning message delivery transport.
+
+ Available in Postfix version 2.1 and later:
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#bounce_queue_lifetime">bounce_queue_lifetime</a> (5d)</b>
+ Consider a bounce message as undeliverable, when delivery fails
+ with a temporary error, and the time in the queue has reached
+ the <a href="postconf.5.html#bounce_queue_lifetime">bounce_queue_lifetime</a> limit.
+
+ Available in Postfix version 2.5 and later:
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_rate_delay">default_destination_rate_delay</a> (0s)</b>
+ The default amount of delay that is inserted between individual
+ message deliveries to the same destination and over the same
+ message delivery transport.
+
+ <b>transport_destination_rate_delay ($<a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_rate_delay">default_destination_rate_delay</a>)</b>
+ A transport-specific override for the <a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_rate_delay">default_destina</a>-
+ <a href="postconf.5.html#default_destination_rate_delay">tion_rate_delay</a> parameter value, where <i>transport</i> is the <a href="master.5.html">mas-
+ ter.cf</a> name of the message delivery transport.
+
+ Available in Postfix version 3.1 and later:
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_transport_rate_delay">default_transport_rate_delay</a> (0s)</b>
+ The default amount of delay that is inserted between individual
+ message deliveries over the same message delivery transport,
+ regardless of destination.
+
+ <b>transport_transport_rate_delay ($<a href="postconf.5.html#default_transport_rate_delay">default_transport_rate_delay</a>)</b>
+ A transport-specific override for the <a href="postconf.5.html#default_transport_rate_delay">default_trans</a>-
+ <a href="postconf.5.html#default_transport_rate_delay">port_rate_delay</a> parameter value, where the initial <i>transport</i> in
+ the parameter name is the <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> name of the message delivery
+ transport.
+
+<b>SAFETY CONTROLS</b>
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#qmgr_daemon_timeout">qmgr_daemon_timeout</a> (1000s)</b>
+ How much time a Postfix queue manager process may take to handle
+ a request before it is terminated by a built-in watchdog timer.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#qmgr_ipc_timeout">qmgr_ipc_timeout</a> (60s)</b>
+ The time limit for the queue manager to send or receive informa-
+ tion over an internal communication channel.
+
+ Available in Postfix version 3.1 and later:
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#address_verify_pending_request_limit">address_verify_pending_request_limit</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
+ A safety limit that prevents address verification requests from
+ overwhelming the Postfix queue.
+
+<b>MISCELLANEOUS CONTROLS</b>
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#config_directory">config_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
+ The default location of the Postfix <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> and <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> con-
+ figuration files.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#defer_transports">defer_transports</a> (empty)</b>
+ The names of message delivery transports that should not deliver
+ mail unless someone issues "<b>sendmail -q</b>" or equivalent.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#delay_logging_resolution_limit">delay_logging_resolution_limit</a> (2)</b>
+ The maximal number of digits after the decimal point when log-
+ ging sub-second delay values.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#helpful_warnings">helpful_warnings</a> (yes)</b>
+ Log warnings about problematic configuration settings, and pro-
+ vide helpful suggestions.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#process_id">process_id</a> (read-only)</b>
+ The process ID of a Postfix command or daemon process.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#process_name">process_name</a> (read-only)</b>
+ The process name of a Postfix command or daemon process.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#queue_directory">queue_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
+ The location of the Postfix top-level queue directory.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_facility">syslog_facility</a> (mail)</b>
+ The syslog facility of Postfix logging.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_name">syslog_name</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
+ A prefix that is prepended to the process name in syslog
+ records, so that, for example, "smtpd" becomes "prefix/smtpd".
+
+ Available in Postfix version 3.0 and later:
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#confirm_delay_cleared">confirm_delay_cleared</a> (no)</b>
+ After sending a "your message is delayed" notification, inform
+ the sender when the delay clears up.
+
+ Available in Postfix 3.3 and later:
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#service_name">service_name</a> (read-only)</b>
+ The <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> service name of a Postfix daemon process.
+
+ Available in Postfix 3.5 and later:
+
+ <b>info_log_address_format (external)</b>
+ The email address form that will be used in non-debug logging
+ (info, warning, etc.).
+
+<b>FILES</b>
+ /var/spool/postfix/incoming, <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#incoming_queue">incoming queue</a>
+ /var/spool/postfix/active, <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#active_queue">active queue</a>
+ /var/spool/postfix/deferred, <a href="QSHAPE_README.html#deferred_queue">deferred queue</a>
+ /var/spool/postfix/bounce, non-delivery status
+ /var/spool/postfix/defer, non-delivery status
+ /var/spool/postfix/trace, delivery status
+
+<b>SEE ALSO</b>
+ <a href="trivial-rewrite.8.html">trivial-rewrite(8)</a>, address routing
+ <a href="bounce.8.html">bounce(8)</a>, delivery status reports
+ <a href="postconf.5.html">postconf(5)</a>, configuration parameters
+ <a href="master.5.html">master(5)</a>, generic daemon options
+ <a href="master.8.html">master(8)</a>, process manager
+ <a href="postlogd.8.html">postlogd(8)</a>, Postfix logging
+ syslogd(8), system logging
+
+<b>README FILES</b>
+ <a href="QSHAPE_README.html">QSHAPE_README</a>, Postfix queue analysis
+
+<b>LICENSE</b>
+ The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.
+
+<b>AUTHOR(S)</b>
+ Wietse Venema
+ IBM T.J. Watson Research
+ P.O. Box 704
+ Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
+
+ Wietse Venema
+ Google, Inc.
+ 111 8th Avenue
+ New York, NY 10011, USA
+
+ OQMGR(8)
+</pre> </body> </html>
generated by cgit v1.2.3 (git 2.39.1) at 2024-12-23 14:23:53 +0000