diff options
| author | Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org> | 2024-04-27 12:43:23 +0000 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org> | 2024-04-27 12:43:23 +0000 |
| commit | c2e5be2aa0fbd926b07f764ffbc8359d3246342f (patch) | |
| tree | 3d8907d9f67b8c8d9a407c60f5c09c947ce8a151 /doc/history.html | |
| parent | Initial commit. (diff) | |
| download | readline-c2e5be2aa0fbd926b07f764ffbc8359d3246342f.tar.xz readline-c2e5be2aa0fbd926b07f764ffbc8359d3246342f.zip | |
Adding upstream version 8.1.upstream/8.1upstream
Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>
Diffstat (limited to 'doc/history.html')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/history.html | 2350 |
1 files changed, 2350 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/doc/history.html b/doc/history.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3110cf3 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/history.html @@ -0,0 +1,2350 @@ +<HTML> +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<!-- Created on October, 30 2020 by texi2html 1.64 --> +<!-- +Written by: Lionel Cons <Lionel.Cons@cern.ch> (original author) + Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org> + Olaf Bachmann <obachman@mathematik.uni-kl.de> + and many others. +Maintained by: Olaf Bachmann <obachman@mathematik.uni-kl.de> +Send bugs and suggestions to <texi2html@mathematik.uni-kl.de> + +--> +<HEAD> +<TITLE>GNU History Library: </TITLE> + +<META NAME="description" CONTENT="GNU History Library: "> +<META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="GNU History Library: "> +<META NAME="resource-type" CONTENT="document"> +<META NAME="distribution" CONTENT="global"> +<META NAME="Generator" CONTENT="texi2html 1.64"> + +</HEAD> + +<BODY LANG="" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#0000FF" VLINK="#800080" ALINK="#FF0000"> + +<A NAME="SEC_Top"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21">Index</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H1>GNU History Library</H1></P><P> + +This document describes the GNU History library, a programming tool that +provides a consistent user interface for recalling lines of previously +typed input. +</P><P> + +<BLOCKQUOTE><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="history.html#SEC1">1. Using History Interactively</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">GNU History User's Manual.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="history.html#SEC6">2. Programming with GNU History</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">GNU History Programmer's Manual.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="history.html#SEC19">A. GNU Free Documentation License</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">License for copying this manual.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="history.html#SEC21">B. Concept Index</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Index of concepts described in this manual.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="history.html#SEC22">C. Function and Variable Index</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Index of externally visible functions + and variables.</TD></TR> +</TABLE></BLOCKQUOTE> +<P> + +<HR SIZE=1> +<A NAME="SEC1"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC2"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[ << ]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC6"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21">Index</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<A NAME="Using History Interactively"></A> +<H1> 1. Using History Interactively </H1> +<!--docid::SEC1::--> +<P> + +This chapter describes how to use the GNU History Library interactively, +from a user's standpoint. It should be considered a user's guide. For +information on using the GNU History Library in your own programs, +see section <A HREF="history.html#SEC6">2. Programming with GNU History</A>. +</P><P> + +<BLOCKQUOTE><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="history.html#SEC2">1.1 History Expansion</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">What it feels like using History as a user.</TD></TR> +</TABLE></BLOCKQUOTE> +<P> + +<A NAME="History Interaction"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC2"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC1"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC3"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[ << ]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC1"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC6"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21">Index</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H2> 1.1 History Expansion </H2> +<!--docid::SEC2::--> +<P> + +The History library provides a history expansion feature that is similar +to the history expansion provided by <CODE>csh</CODE>. This section +describes the syntax used to manipulate the history information. +</P><P> + +History expansions introduce words from the history list into +the input stream, making it easy to repeat commands, insert the +arguments to a previous command into the current input line, or +fix errors in previous commands quickly. +</P><P> + +History expansion takes place in two parts. The first is to determine +which line from the history list should be used during substitution. +The second is to select portions of that line for inclusion into the +current one. The line selected from the history is called the +<EM>event</EM>, and the portions of that line that are acted upon are +called <EM>words</EM>. Various <EM>modifiers</EM> are available to manipulate +the selected words. The line is broken into words in the same fashion +that Bash does, so that several words +surrounded by quotes are considered one word. +History expansions are introduced by the appearance of the +history expansion character, which is <SAMP>`!'</SAMP> by default. +</P><P> + +History expansion implements shell-like quoting conventions: +a backslash can be used to remove the special handling for the next character; +single quotes enclose verbatim sequences of characters, and can be used to +inhibit history expansion; +and characters enclosed within double quotes may be subject to history +expansion, since backslash can escape the history expansion character, +but single quotes may not, since they are not treated specially within +double quotes. +</P><P> + +<BLOCKQUOTE><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="history.html#SEC3">1.1.1 Event Designators</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">How to specify which history line to use.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="history.html#SEC4">1.1.2 Word Designators</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Specifying which words are of interest.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="history.html#SEC5">1.1.3 Modifiers</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Modifying the results of substitution.</TD></TR> +</TABLE></BLOCKQUOTE> +<P> + +<A NAME="Event Designators"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC3"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC2"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC4"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[ << ]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC2"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC6"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21">Index</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 1.1.1 Event Designators </H3> +<!--docid::SEC3::--> +<P> + +An event designator is a reference to a command line entry in the +history list. +Unless the reference is absolute, events are relative to the current +position in the history list. +<A NAME="IDX1"></A> +</P><P> + +<DL COMPACT> + +<DT><CODE>!</CODE> +<DD>Start a history substitution, except when followed by a space, tab, +the end of the line, or <SAMP>`='</SAMP>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>!<VAR>n</VAR></CODE> +<DD>Refer to command line <VAR>n</VAR>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>!-<VAR>n</VAR></CODE> +<DD>Refer to the command <VAR>n</VAR> lines back. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>!!</CODE> +<DD>Refer to the previous command. This is a synonym for <SAMP>`!-1'</SAMP>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>!<VAR>string</VAR></CODE> +<DD>Refer to the most recent command +preceding the current position in the history list +starting with <VAR>string</VAR>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>!?<VAR>string</VAR>[?]</CODE> +<DD>Refer to the most recent command +preceding the current position in the history list +containing <VAR>string</VAR>. +The trailing +<SAMP>`?'</SAMP> may be omitted if the <VAR>string</VAR> is followed immediately by +a newline. +If <VAR>string</VAR> is missing, the string from the most recent search is used; +it is an error if there is no previous search string. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>^<VAR>string1</VAR>^<VAR>string2</VAR>^</CODE> +<DD>Quick Substitution. Repeat the last command, replacing <VAR>string1</VAR> +with <VAR>string2</VAR>. Equivalent to +<CODE>!!:s^<VAR>string1</VAR>^<VAR>string2</VAR>^</CODE>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>!#</CODE> +<DD>The entire command line typed so far. +<P> + +</DL> +<P> + +<A NAME="Word Designators"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC4"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC3"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC5"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC5"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC2"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC6"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21">Index</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 1.1.2 Word Designators </H3> +<!--docid::SEC4::--> +<P> + +Word designators are used to select desired words from the event. +A <SAMP>`:'</SAMP> separates the event specification from the word designator. It +may be omitted if the word designator begins with a <SAMP>`^'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`$'</SAMP>, +<SAMP>`*'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`-'</SAMP>, or <SAMP>`%'</SAMP>. Words are numbered from the beginning +of the line, with the first word being denoted by 0 (zero). Words are +inserted into the current line separated by single spaces. +</P><P> + +For example, +</P><P> + +<DL COMPACT> +<DT><CODE>!!</CODE> +<DD>designates the preceding command. When you type this, the preceding +command is repeated in toto. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>!!:$</CODE> +<DD>designates the last argument of the preceding command. This may be +shortened to <CODE>!$</CODE>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>!fi:2</CODE> +<DD>designates the second argument of the most recent command starting with +the letters <CODE>fi</CODE>. +</DL> +<P> + +Here are the word designators: + +<DL COMPACT> + +<DT><CODE>0 (zero)</CODE> +<DD>The <CODE>0</CODE>th word. For many applications, this is the command word. +<P> + +<DT><CODE><VAR>n</VAR></CODE> +<DD>The <VAR>n</VAR>th word. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>^</CODE> +<DD>The first argument; that is, word 1. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>$</CODE> +<DD>The last argument. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>%</CODE> +<DD>The first word matched by the most recent <SAMP>`?<VAR>string</VAR>?'</SAMP> search, +if the search string begins with a character that is part of a word. +<P> + +<DT><CODE><VAR>x</VAR>-<VAR>y</VAR></CODE> +<DD>A range of words; <SAMP>`-<VAR>y</VAR>'</SAMP> abbreviates <SAMP>`0-<VAR>y</VAR>'</SAMP>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>*</CODE> +<DD>All of the words, except the <CODE>0</CODE>th. This is a synonym for <SAMP>`1-$'</SAMP>. +It is not an error to use <SAMP>`*'</SAMP> if there is just one word in the event; +the empty string is returned in that case. +<P> + +<DT><CODE><VAR>x</VAR>*</CODE> +<DD>Abbreviates <SAMP>`<VAR>x</VAR>-$'</SAMP> +<P> + +<DT><CODE><VAR>x</VAR>-</CODE> +<DD>Abbreviates <SAMP>`<VAR>x</VAR>-$'</SAMP> like <SAMP>`<VAR>x</VAR>*'</SAMP>, but omits the last word. +If <SAMP>`x'</SAMP> is missing, it defaults to 0. +<P> + +</DL> +<P> + +If a word designator is supplied without an event specification, the +previous command is used as the event. +</P><P> + +<A NAME="Modifiers"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC5"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC4"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC6"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[ << ]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC2"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC6"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21">Index</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 1.1.3 Modifiers </H3> +<!--docid::SEC5::--> +<P> + +After the optional word designator, you can add a sequence of one or more +of the following modifiers, each preceded by a <SAMP>`:'</SAMP>. +These modify, or edit, the word or words selected from the history event. +</P><P> + +<DL COMPACT> + +<DT><CODE>h</CODE> +<DD>Remove a trailing pathname component, leaving only the head. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>t</CODE> +<DD>Remove all leading pathname components, leaving the tail. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>r</CODE> +<DD>Remove a trailing suffix of the form <SAMP>`.<VAR>suffix</VAR>'</SAMP>, leaving +the basename. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>e</CODE> +<DD>Remove all but the trailing suffix. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>p</CODE> +<DD>Print the new command but do not execute it. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>s/<VAR>old</VAR>/<VAR>new</VAR>/</CODE> +<DD>Substitute <VAR>new</VAR> for the first occurrence of <VAR>old</VAR> in the +event line. +Any character may be used as the delimiter in place of <SAMP>`/'</SAMP>. +The delimiter may be quoted in <VAR>old</VAR> and <VAR>new</VAR> +with a single backslash. If <SAMP>`&'</SAMP> appears in <VAR>new</VAR>, +it is replaced by <VAR>old</VAR>. A single backslash will quote +the <SAMP>`&'</SAMP>. +If <VAR>old</VAR> is null, it is set to the last <VAR>old</VAR> +substituted, or, if no previous history substitutions took place, +the last <VAR>string</VAR> +in a !?<VAR>string</VAR><CODE>[?]</CODE> +search. +If <VAR>new</VAR> is is null, each matching <VAR>old</VAR> is deleted. +The final delimiter is optional if it is the last +character on the input line. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>&</CODE> +<DD>Repeat the previous substitution. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>g</CODE> +<DD><DT><CODE>a</CODE> +<DD>Cause changes to be applied over the entire event line. Used in +conjunction with <SAMP>`s'</SAMP>, as in <CODE>gs/<VAR>old</VAR>/<VAR>new</VAR>/</CODE>, +or with <SAMP>`&'</SAMP>. +<P> + +<DT><CODE>G</CODE> +<DD>Apply the following <SAMP>`s'</SAMP> or <SAMP>`&'</SAMP> modifier once to each word +in the event. +<P> + +</DL> +<P> + +<A NAME="Programming with GNU History"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC6"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC5"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC7"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[ << ]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC19"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21">Index</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H1> 2. Programming with GNU History </H1> +<!--docid::SEC6::--> +<P> + +This chapter describes how to interface programs that you write +with the GNU History Library. +It should be considered a technical guide. +For information on the interactive use of GNU History, see section <A HREF="history.html#SEC1">1. Using History Interactively</A>. +</P><P> + +<BLOCKQUOTE><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="history.html#SEC7">2.1 Introduction to History</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">What is the GNU History library for?</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="history.html#SEC8">2.2 History Storage</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">How information is stored.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="history.html#SEC9">2.3 History Functions</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Functions that you can use.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="history.html#SEC17">2.4 History Variables</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Variables that control behaviour.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="history.html#SEC18">2.5 History Programming Example</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Example of using the GNU History Library.</TD></TR> +</TABLE></BLOCKQUOTE> +<P> + +<A NAME="Introduction to History"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC7"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC6"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC8"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[ << ]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC6"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC19"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21">Index</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H2> 2.1 Introduction to History </H2> +<!--docid::SEC7::--> +<P> + +Many programs read input from the user a line at a time. The GNU +History library is able to keep track of those lines, associate arbitrary +data with each line, and utilize information from previous lines in +composing new ones. +</P><P> + +A programmer using the History library has available functions +for remembering lines on a history list, associating arbitrary data +with a line, removing lines from the list, searching through the list +for a line containing an arbitrary text string, and referencing any line +in the list directly. In addition, a history <EM>expansion</EM> function +is available which provides for a consistent user interface across +different programs. +</P><P> + +The user using programs written with the History library has the +benefit of a consistent user interface with a set of well-known +commands for manipulating the text of previous lines and using that text +in new commands. The basic history manipulation commands are similar to +the history substitution provided by <CODE>csh</CODE>. +</P><P> + +The programmer can also use the Readline library, which +includes some history manipulation by default, and has the added +advantage of command line editing. +</P><P> + +Before declaring any functions using any functionality the History +library provides in other code, an application writer should include +the file <CODE><readline/history.h></CODE> in any file that uses the +History library's features. It supplies extern declarations for all +of the library's public functions and variables, and declares all of +the public data structures. +</P><P> + +<A NAME="History Storage"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC8"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC7"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC9"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC9"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC6"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC19"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21">Index</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H2> 2.2 History Storage </H2> +<!--docid::SEC8::--> +<P> + +The history list is an array of history entries. A history entry is +declared as follows: +</P><P> + +<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>typedef void *histdata_t; + +typedef struct _hist_entry { + char *line; + char *timestamp; + histdata_t data; +} HIST_ENTRY; +</pre></td></tr></table></P><P> + +The history list itself might therefore be declared as +</P><P> + +<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>HIST_ENTRY **the_history_list; +</pre></td></tr></table></P><P> + +The state of the History library is encapsulated into a single structure: +</P><P> + +<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>/* + * A structure used to pass around the current state of the history. + */ +typedef struct _hist_state { + HIST_ENTRY **entries; /* Pointer to the entries themselves. */ + int offset; /* The location pointer within this array. */ + int length; /* Number of elements within this array. */ + int size; /* Number of slots allocated to this array. */ + int flags; +} HISTORY_STATE; +</pre></td></tr></table></P><P> + +If the flags member includes <CODE>HS_STIFLED</CODE>, the history has been +stifled. +</P><P> + +<A NAME="History Functions"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC9"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC8"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC10"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC17"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC6"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC17"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21">Index</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H2> 2.3 History Functions </H2> +<!--docid::SEC9::--> +<P> + +This section describes the calling sequence for the various functions +exported by the GNU History library. +</P><P> + +<BLOCKQUOTE><TABLE BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="history.html#SEC10">2.3.1 Initializing History and State Management</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Functions to call when you + want to use history in a + program.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="history.html#SEC11">2.3.2 History List Management</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Functions used to manage the list + of history entries.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="history.html#SEC12">2.3.3 Information About the History List</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Functions returning information about + the history list.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="history.html#SEC13">2.3.4 Moving Around the History List</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Functions used to change the position + in the history list.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="history.html#SEC14">2.3.5 Searching the History List</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Functions to search the history list + for entries containing a string.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="history.html#SEC15">2.3.6 Managing the History File</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Functions that read and write a file + containing the history list.</TD></TR> +<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="history.html#SEC16">2.3.7 History Expansion</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP">Functions to perform csh-like history + expansion.</TD></TR> +</TABLE></BLOCKQUOTE> +<P> + +<A NAME="Initializing History and State Management"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC10"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC9"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC11"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC17"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC9"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC17"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21">Index</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 2.3.1 Initializing History and State Management </H3> +<!--docid::SEC10::--> +<P> + +This section describes functions used to initialize and manage +the state of the History library when you want to use the history +functions in your program. +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX2"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> void <B>using_history</B> <I>(void)</I> +<DD>Begin a session in which the history functions might be used. This +initializes the interactive variables. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX3"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> HISTORY_STATE * <B>history_get_history_state</B> <I>(void)</I> +<DD>Return a structure describing the current state of the input history. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX4"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> void <B>history_set_history_state</B> <I>(HISTORY_STATE *state)</I> +<DD>Set the state of the history list according to <VAR>state</VAR>. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="History List Management"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC11"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC10"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC12"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC12"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC9"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC17"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21">Index</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 2.3.2 History List Management </H3> +<!--docid::SEC11::--> +<P> + +These functions manage individual entries on the history list, or set +parameters managing the list itself. +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX5"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> void <B>add_history</B> <I>(const char *string)</I> +<DD>Place <VAR>string</VAR> at the end of the history list. The associated data +field (if any) is set to <CODE>NULL</CODE>. +If the maximum number of history entries has been set using +<CODE>stifle_history()</CODE>, and the new number of history entries would exceed +that maximum, the oldest history entry is removed. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX6"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> void <B>add_history_time</B> <I>(const char *string)</I> +<DD>Change the time stamp associated with the most recent history entry to +<VAR>string</VAR>. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX7"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> HIST_ENTRY * <B>remove_history</B> <I>(int which)</I> +<DD>Remove history entry at offset <VAR>which</VAR> from the history. The +removed element is returned so you can free the line, data, +and containing structure. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX8"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> histdata_t <B>free_history_entry</B> <I>(HIST_ENTRY *histent)</I> +<DD>Free the history entry <VAR>histent</VAR> and any history library private +data associated with it. Returns the application-specific data +so the caller can dispose of it. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX9"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> HIST_ENTRY * <B>replace_history_entry</B> <I>(int which, const char *line, histdata_t data)</I> +<DD>Make the history entry at offset <VAR>which</VAR> have <VAR>line</VAR> and <VAR>data</VAR>. +This returns the old entry so the caller can dispose of any +application-specific data. In the case +of an invalid <VAR>which</VAR>, a <CODE>NULL</CODE> pointer is returned. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX10"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> void <B>clear_history</B> <I>(void)</I> +<DD>Clear the history list by deleting all the entries. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX11"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> void <B>stifle_history</B> <I>(int max)</I> +<DD>Stifle the history list, remembering only the last <VAR>max</VAR> entries. +The history list will contain only <VAR>max</VAR> entries at a time. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX12"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> int <B>unstifle_history</B> <I>(void)</I> +<DD>Stop stifling the history. This returns the previously-set +maximum number of history entries (as set by <CODE>stifle_history()</CODE>). +The value is positive if the history was +stifled, negative if it wasn't. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX13"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> int <B>history_is_stifled</B> <I>(void)</I> +<DD>Returns non-zero if the history is stifled, zero if it is not. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="Information About the History List"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC12"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC11"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC13"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC13"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC9"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC17"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21">Index</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 2.3.3 Information About the History List </H3> +<!--docid::SEC12::--> +<P> + +These functions return information about the entire history list or +individual list entries. +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX14"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> HIST_ENTRY ** <B>history_list</B> <I>(void)</I> +<DD>Return a <CODE>NULL</CODE> terminated array of <CODE>HIST_ENTRY *</CODE> which is the +current input history. Element 0 of this list is the beginning of time. +If there is no history, return <CODE>NULL</CODE>. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX15"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> int <B>where_history</B> <I>(void)</I> +<DD>Returns the offset of the current history element. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX16"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> HIST_ENTRY * <B>current_history</B> <I>(void)</I> +<DD>Return the history entry at the current position, as determined by +<CODE>where_history()</CODE>. If there is no entry there, return a <CODE>NULL</CODE> +pointer. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX17"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> HIST_ENTRY * <B>history_get</B> <I>(int offset)</I> +<DD>Return the history entry at position <VAR>offset</VAR>. +The range of valid +values of <VAR>offset</VAR> starts at <CODE>history_base</CODE> and ends at +<VAR>history_length</VAR> - 1 (see section <A HREF="history.html#SEC17">2.4 History Variables</A>). +If there is no entry there, or if <VAR>offset</VAR> is outside the valid +range, return a <CODE>NULL</CODE> pointer. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX18"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> time_t <B>history_get_time</B> <I>(HIST_ENTRY *entry)</I> +<DD>Return the time stamp associated with the history entry <VAR>entry</VAR>. +If the timestamp is missing or invalid, return 0. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX19"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> int <B>history_total_bytes</B> <I>(void)</I> +<DD>Return the number of bytes that the primary history entries are using. +This function returns the sum of the lengths of all the lines in the +history. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="Moving Around the History List"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC13"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC12"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC14"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC14"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC9"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC17"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21">Index</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 2.3.4 Moving Around the History List </H3> +<!--docid::SEC13::--> +<P> + +These functions allow the current index into the history list to be +set or changed. +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX20"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> int <B>history_set_pos</B> <I>(int pos)</I> +<DD>Set the current history offset to <VAR>pos</VAR>, an absolute index +into the list. +Returns 1 on success, 0 if <VAR>pos</VAR> is less than zero or greater +than the number of history entries. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX21"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> HIST_ENTRY * <B>previous_history</B> <I>(void)</I> +<DD>Back up the current history offset to the previous history entry, and +return a pointer to that entry. If there is no previous entry, return +a <CODE>NULL</CODE> pointer. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX22"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> HIST_ENTRY * <B>next_history</B> <I>(void)</I> +<DD>If the current history offset refers to a valid history entry, +increment the current history offset. +If the possibly-incremented history offset refers to a valid history +entry, return a pointer to that entry; +otherwise, return a <CODE>BNULL</CODE> pointer. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="Searching the History List"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC14"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC13"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC15"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC15"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC9"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC17"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21">Index</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 2.3.5 Searching the History List </H3> +<!--docid::SEC14::--> +<P> + +These functions allow searching of the history list for entries containing +a specific string. Searching may be performed both forward and backward +from the current history position. The search may be <EM>anchored</EM>, +meaning that the string must match at the beginning of the history entry. +<A NAME="IDX23"></A> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX24"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> int <B>history_search</B> <I>(const char *string, int direction)</I> +<DD>Search the history for <VAR>string</VAR>, starting at the current history offset. +If <VAR>direction</VAR> is less than 0, then the search is through +previous entries, otherwise through subsequent entries. +If <VAR>string</VAR> is found, then +the current history index is set to that history entry, and the value +returned is the offset in the line of the entry where +<VAR>string</VAR> was found. Otherwise, nothing is changed, and a -1 is +returned. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX25"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> int <B>history_search_prefix</B> <I>(const char *string, int direction)</I> +<DD>Search the history for <VAR>string</VAR>, starting at the current history +offset. The search is anchored: matching lines must begin with +<VAR>string</VAR>. If <VAR>direction</VAR> is less than 0, then the search is +through previous entries, otherwise through subsequent entries. +If <VAR>string</VAR> is found, then the +current history index is set to that entry, and the return value is 0. +Otherwise, nothing is changed, and a -1 is returned. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX26"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> int <B>history_search_pos</B> <I>(const char *string, int direction, int pos)</I> +<DD>Search for <VAR>string</VAR> in the history list, starting at <VAR>pos</VAR>, an +absolute index into the list. If <VAR>direction</VAR> is negative, the search +proceeds backward from <VAR>pos</VAR>, otherwise forward. Returns the absolute +index of the history element where <VAR>string</VAR> was found, or -1 otherwise. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="Managing the History File"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC15"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC14"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC16"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC16"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC9"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC17"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21">Index</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 2.3.6 Managing the History File </H3> +<!--docid::SEC15::--> +<P> + +The History library can read the history from and write it to a file. +This section documents the functions for managing a history file. +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX27"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> int <B>read_history</B> <I>(const char *filename)</I> +<DD>Add the contents of <VAR>filename</VAR> to the history list, a line at a time. +If <VAR>filename</VAR> is <CODE>NULL</CODE>, then read from <TT>`~/.history'</TT>. +Returns 0 if successful, or <CODE>errno</CODE> if not. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX28"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> int <B>read_history_range</B> <I>(const char *filename, int from, int to)</I> +<DD>Read a range of lines from <VAR>filename</VAR>, adding them to the history list. +Start reading at line <VAR>from</VAR> and end at <VAR>to</VAR>. +If <VAR>from</VAR> is zero, start at the beginning. If <VAR>to</VAR> is less than +<VAR>from</VAR>, then read until the end of the file. If <VAR>filename</VAR> is +<CODE>NULL</CODE>, then read from <TT>`~/.history'</TT>. Returns 0 if successful, +or <CODE>errno</CODE> if not. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX29"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> int <B>write_history</B> <I>(const char *filename)</I> +<DD>Write the current history to <VAR>filename</VAR>, overwriting <VAR>filename</VAR> +if necessary. +If <VAR>filename</VAR> is <CODE>NULL</CODE>, then write the history list to +<TT>`~/.history'</TT>. +Returns 0 on success, or <CODE>errno</CODE> on a read or write error. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX30"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> int <B>append_history</B> <I>(int nelements, const char *filename)</I> +<DD>Append the last <VAR>nelements</VAR> of the history list to <VAR>filename</VAR>. +If <VAR>filename</VAR> is <CODE>NULL</CODE>, then append to <TT>`~/.history'</TT>. +Returns 0 on success, or <CODE>errno</CODE> on a read or write error. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX31"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> int <B>history_truncate_file</B> <I>(const char *filename, int nlines)</I> +<DD>Truncate the history file <VAR>filename</VAR>, leaving only the last +<VAR>nlines</VAR> lines. +If <VAR>filename</VAR> is <CODE>NULL</CODE>, then <TT>`~/.history'</TT> is truncated. +Returns 0 on success, or <CODE>errno</CODE> on failure. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="History Expansion"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC16"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC15"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC17"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC17"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC9"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC17"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21">Index</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H3> 2.3.7 History Expansion </H3> +<!--docid::SEC16::--> +<P> + +These functions implement history expansion. +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX32"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> int <B>history_expand</B> <I>(char *string, char **output)</I> +<DD>Expand <VAR>string</VAR>, placing the result into <VAR>output</VAR>, a pointer +to a string (see section <A HREF="history.html#SEC2">1.1 History Expansion</A>). Returns: +<DL COMPACT> +<DT><CODE>0</CODE> +<DD>If no expansions took place (or, if the only change in +the text was the removal of escape characters preceding the history expansion +character); +<DT><CODE>1</CODE> +<DD>if expansions did take place; +<DT><CODE>-1</CODE> +<DD>if there was an error in expansion; +<DT><CODE>2</CODE> +<DD>if the returned line should be displayed, but not executed, +as with the <CODE>:p</CODE> modifier (see section <A HREF="history.html#SEC5">1.1.3 Modifiers</A>). +</DL> +<P> + +If an error occurred in expansion, then <VAR>output</VAR> contains a descriptive +error message. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX33"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> char * <B>get_history_event</B> <I>(const char *string, int *cindex, int qchar)</I> +<DD>Returns the text of the history event beginning at <VAR>string</VAR> + +<VAR>*cindex</VAR>. <VAR>*cindex</VAR> is modified to point to after the event +specifier. At function entry, <VAR>cindex</VAR> points to the index into +<VAR>string</VAR> where the history event specification begins. <VAR>qchar</VAR> +is a character that is allowed to end the event specification in addition +to the "normal" terminating characters. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX34"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> char ** <B>history_tokenize</B> <I>(const char *string)</I> +<DD>Return an array of tokens parsed out of <VAR>string</VAR>, much as the +shell might. The tokens are split on the characters in the +<VAR>history_word_delimiters</VAR> variable, +and shell quoting conventions are obeyed as described below. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX35"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Function:</U> char * <B>history_arg_extract</B> <I>(int first, int last, const char *string)</I> +<DD>Extract a string segment consisting of the <VAR>first</VAR> through <VAR>last</VAR> +arguments present in <VAR>string</VAR>. Arguments are split using +<CODE>history_tokenize</CODE>. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="History Variables"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC17"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC16"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC18"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC18"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC6"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC19"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21">Index</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H2> 2.4 History Variables </H2> +<!--docid::SEC17::--> +<P> + +This section describes the externally-visible variables exported by +the GNU History Library. +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX36"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Variable:</U> int <B>history_base</B> +<DD>The logical offset of the first entry in the history list. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX37"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Variable:</U> int <B>history_length</B> +<DD>The number of entries currently stored in the history list. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX38"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Variable:</U> int <B>history_max_entries</B> +<DD>The maximum number of history entries. This must be changed using +<CODE>stifle_history()</CODE>. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX39"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Variable:</U> int <B>history_write_timestamps</B> +<DD>If non-zero, timestamps are written to the history file, so they can be +preserved between sessions. The default value is 0, meaning that +timestamps are not saved. +</P><P> + +The current timestamp format uses the value of <VAR>history_comment_char</VAR> +to delimit timestamp entries in the history file. If that variable does +not have a value (the default), timestamps will not be written. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX40"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Variable:</U> char <B>history_expansion_char</B> +<DD>The character that introduces a history event. The default is <SAMP>`!'</SAMP>. +Setting this to 0 inhibits history expansion. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX41"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Variable:</U> char <B>history_subst_char</B> +<DD>The character that invokes word substitution if found at the start of +a line. The default is <SAMP>`^'</SAMP>. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX42"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Variable:</U> char <B>history_comment_char</B> +<DD>During tokenization, if this character is seen as the first character +of a word, then it and all subsequent characters up to a newline are +ignored, suppressing history expansion for the remainder of the line. +This is disabled by default. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX43"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Variable:</U> char * <B>history_word_delimiters</B> +<DD>The characters that separate tokens for <CODE>history_tokenize()</CODE>. +The default value is <CODE>" \t\n()<>;&|"</CODE>. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX44"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Variable:</U> char * <B>history_search_delimiter_chars</B> +<DD>The list of additional characters which can delimit a history search +string, in addition to space, TAB, <SAMP>`:'</SAMP> and <SAMP>`?'</SAMP> in the case of +a substring search. The default is empty. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX45"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Variable:</U> char * <B>history_no_expand_chars</B> +<DD>The list of characters which inhibit history expansion if found immediately +following <VAR>history_expansion_char</VAR>. The default is space, tab, newline, +carriage return, and <SAMP>`='</SAMP>. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX46"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Variable:</U> int <B>history_quotes_inhibit_expansion</B> +<DD>If non-zero, the history expansion code implements shell-like quoting: +single-quoted words are not scanned for the history expansion +character or the history comment character, and double-quoted words may +have history expansion performed, since single quotes are not special +within double quotes. +The default value is 0. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX47"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Variable:</U> int <B>history_quoting_state</B> +<DD>An application may set this variable to indicate that the current line +being expanded is subject to existing quoting. If set to <SAMP>`''</SAMP>, the +history expansion function will assume that the line is single-quoted and +inhibit expansion until it reads an unquoted closing single quote; if set +to <SAMP>`"'</SAMP>, history expansion will assume the line is double quoted until +it reads an unquoted closing double quote. If set to zero, the default, +the history expansion function will assume the line is not quoted and +treat quote characters within the line as described above. +This is only effective if <VAR>history_quotes_inhibit_expansion</VAR> is set. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="IDX48"></A> +<DL> +<DT><U>Variable:</U> rl_linebuf_func_t * <B>history_inhibit_expansion_function</B> +<DD>This should be set to the address of a function that takes two arguments: +a <CODE>char *</CODE> (<VAR>string</VAR>) +and an <CODE>int</CODE> index into that string (<VAR>i</VAR>). +It should return a non-zero value if the history expansion starting at +<VAR>string[i]</VAR> should not be performed; zero if the expansion should +be done. +It is intended for use by applications like Bash that use the history +expansion character for additional purposes. +By default, this variable is set to <CODE>NULL</CODE>. +</DL> +</P><P> + +<A NAME="History Programming Example"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC18"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC17"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC19"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[ << ]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC6"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC19"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21">Index</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H2> 2.5 History Programming Example </H2> +<!--docid::SEC18::--> +<P> + +The following program demonstrates simple use of the GNU History Library. +</P><P> + +<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=smallexample><FONT SIZE=-1><pre>#include <stdio.h> +#include <readline/history.h> + +main (argc, argv) + int argc; + char **argv; +{ + char line[1024], *t; + int len, done = 0; + + line[0] = 0; + + using_history (); + while (!done) + { + printf ("history$ "); + fflush (stdout); + t = fgets (line, sizeof (line) - 1, stdin); + if (t && *t) + { + len = strlen (t); + if (t[len - 1] == '\n') + t[len - 1] = '\0'; + } + + if (!t) + strcpy (line, "quit"); + + if (line[0]) + { + char *expansion; + int result; + + result = history_expand (line, &expansion); + if (result) + fprintf (stderr, "%s\n", expansion); + + if (result < 0 || result == 2) + { + free (expansion); + continue; + } + + add_history (expansion); + strncpy (line, expansion, sizeof (line) - 1); + free (expansion); + } + + if (strcmp (line, "quit") == 0) + done = 1; + else if (strcmp (line, "save") == 0) + write_history ("history_file"); + else if (strcmp (line, "read") == 0) + read_history ("history_file"); + else if (strcmp (line, "list") == 0) + { + register HIST_ENTRY **the_list; + register int i; + + the_list = history_list (); + if (the_list) + for (i = 0; the_list[i]; i++) + printf ("%d: %s\n", i + history_base, the_list[i]->line); + } + else if (strncmp (line, "delete", 6) == 0) + { + int which; + if ((sscanf (line + 6, "%d", &which)) == 1) + { + HIST_ENTRY *entry = remove_history (which); + if (!entry) + fprintf (stderr, "No such entry %d\n", which); + else + { + free (entry->line); + free (entry); + } + } + else + { + fprintf (stderr, "non-numeric arg given to `delete'\n"); + } + } + } +} +</FONT></pre></td></tr></table></P><P> + +<A NAME="GNU Free Documentation License"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC19"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC18"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC6"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21">Index</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H1> A. GNU Free Documentation License </H1> +<!--docid::SEC19::--> +<P> + +<center> + Version 1.3, 3 November 2008 +</center> +</P><P> + +<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=display><pre style="font-family: serif">Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +<A HREF="http://fsf.org/">http://fsf.org/</A> + +Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies +of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. +</pre></td></tr></table></P><P> + +<OL> +<LI> +PREAMBLE +<P> + +The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other +functional and useful document <EM>free</EM> in the sense of freedom: to +assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, +with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. +Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way +to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible +for modifications made by others. +</P><P> + +This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative +works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It +complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft +license designed for free software. +</P><P> + +We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free +software, because free software needs free documentation: a free +program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the +software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; +it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or +whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License +principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference. +</P><P> + +<LI> +APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS +<P> + +This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that +contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be +distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a +world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that +work under the conditions stated herein. The "Document", below, +refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a +licensee, and is addressed as "you". You accept the license if you +copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission +under copyright law. +</P><P> + +A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the +Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with +modifications and/or translated into another language. +</P><P> + +A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section +of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the +publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall +subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall +directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in +part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain +any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical +connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, +commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding +them. +</P><P> + +The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles +are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice +that says that the Document is released under this License. If a +section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not +allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero +Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant +Sections then there are none. +</P><P> + +The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed, +as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that +the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may +be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words. +</P><P> + +A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, +represented in a format whose specification is available to the +general public, that is suitable for revising the document +straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of +pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available +drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or +for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input +to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file +format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart +or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. +An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount +of text. A copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque". +</P><P> + +Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain +ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input +format, <FONT SIZE="-1">SGML</FONT> or <FONT SIZE="-1">XML</FONT> using a publicly available +<FONT SIZE="-1">DTD</FONT>, and standard-conforming simple <FONT SIZE="-1">HTML</FONT>, +PostScript or <FONT SIZE="-1">PDF</FONT> designed for human modification. Examples +of transparent image formats include <FONT SIZE="-1">PNG</FONT>, <FONT SIZE="-1">XCF</FONT> and +<FONT SIZE="-1">JPG</FONT>. Opaque formats include proprietary formats that can be +read and edited only by proprietary word processors, <FONT SIZE="-1">SGML</FONT> or +<FONT SIZE="-1">XML</FONT> for which the <FONT SIZE="-1">DTD</FONT> and/or processing tools are +not generally available, and the machine-generated <FONT SIZE="-1">HTML</FONT>, +PostScript or <FONT SIZE="-1">PDF</FONT> produced by some word processors for +output purposes only. +</P><P> + +The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself, +plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material +this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in +formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means +the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title, +preceding the beginning of the body of the text. +</P><P> + +The "publisher" means any person or entity that distributes copies +of the Document to the public. +</P><P> + +A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document whose +title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following +text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a +specific section name mentioned below, such as "Acknowledgements", +"Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".) To "Preserve the Title" +of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a +section "Entitled XYZ" according to this definition. +</P><P> + +The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which +states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty +Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this +License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other +implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has +no effect on the meaning of this License. +</P><P> + +<LI> +VERBATIM COPYING +<P> + +You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either +commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the +copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies +to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other +conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use +technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further +copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept +compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough +number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3. +</P><P> + +You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and +you may publicly display copies. +</P><P> + +<LI> +COPYING IN QUANTITY +<P> + +If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have +printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the +Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the +copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover +Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on +the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify +you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present +the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and +visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition. +Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve +the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated +as verbatim copying in other respects. +</P><P> + +If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit +legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit +reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent +pages. +</P><P> + +If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering +more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent +copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy +a computer-network location from which the general network-using +public has access to download using public-standard network protocols +a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material. +If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, +when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure +that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated +location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an +Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that +edition to the public. +</P><P> + +It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the +Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give +them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document. +</P><P> + +<LI> +MODIFICATIONS +<P> + +You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under +the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release +the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified +Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution +and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy +of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version: +</P><P> + +<OL> +<LI> +Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct +from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions +(which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section +of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version +if the original publisher of that version gives permission. +<P> + +<LI> +List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities +responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified +Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the +Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five), +unless they release you from this requirement. +<P> + +<LI> +State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the +Modified Version, as the publisher. +<P> + +<LI> +Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document. +<P> + +<LI> +Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications +adjacent to the other copyright notices. +<P> + +<LI> +Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice +giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the +terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below. +<P> + +<LI> +Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections +and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice. +<P> + +<LI> +Include an unaltered copy of this License. +<P> + +<LI> +Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title, and add +to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and +publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If +there is no section Entitled "History" in the Document, create one +stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as +given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified +Version as stated in the previous sentence. +<P> + +<LI> +Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for +public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise +the network locations given in the Document for previous versions +it was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section. +You may omit a network location for a work that was published at +least four years before the Document itself, or if the original +publisher of the version it refers to gives permission. +<P> + +<LI> +For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications", Preserve +the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all the +substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or +dedications given therein. +<P> + +<LI> +Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, +unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers +or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles. +<P> + +<LI> +Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements". Such a section +may not be included in the Modified Version. +<P> + +<LI> +Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled "Endorsements" or +to conflict in title with any Invariant Section. +<P> + +<LI> +Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers. +</OL> +<P> + +If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or +appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material +copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all +of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the +list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. +These titles must be distinct from any other section titles. +</P><P> + +You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains +nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various +parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has +been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a +standard. +</P><P> + +You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a +passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list +of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of +Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or +through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already +includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or +by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, +you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit +permission from the previous publisher that added the old one. +</P><P> + +The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License +give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or +imply endorsement of any Modified Version. +</P><P> + +<LI> +COMBINING DOCUMENTS +<P> + +You may combine the Document with other documents released under this +License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified +versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the +Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and +list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its +license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers. +</P><P> + +The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and +multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single +copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but +different contents, make the title of each such section unique by +adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original +author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. +Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of +Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work. +</P><P> + +In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled "History" +in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled +"History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled "Acknowledgements", +and any sections Entitled "Dedications". You must delete all +sections Entitled "Endorsements." +</P><P> + +<LI> +COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS +<P> + +You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents +released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this +License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in +the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for +verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects. +</P><P> + +You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute +it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this +License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all +other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document. +</P><P> + +<LI> +AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS +<P> + +A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate +and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or +distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright +resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights +of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. +When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not +apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves +derivative works of the Document. +</P><P> + +If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these +copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of +the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on +covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the +electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. +Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole +aggregate. +</P><P> + +<LI> +TRANSLATION +<P> + +Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may +distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. +Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special +permission from their copyright holders, but you may include +translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the +original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a +translation of this License, and all the license notices in the +Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include +the original English version of this License and the original versions +of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between +the translation and the original version of this License or a notice +or disclaimer, the original version will prevail. +</P><P> + +If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements", +"Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve +its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual +title. +</P><P> + +<LI> +TERMINATION +<P> + +You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document +except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt +otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute it is void, and +will automatically terminate your rights under this License. +</P><P> + +However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license +from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally, +unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and finally +terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder +fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means prior to +60 days after the cessation. +</P><P> + +Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is +reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the +violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have +received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that +copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after +your receipt of the notice. +</P><P> + +Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the +licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under +this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently +reinstated, receipt of a copy of some or all of the same material does +not give you any rights to use it. +</P><P> + +<LI> +FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE +<P> + +The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions +of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new +versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may +differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See +<A HREF="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/">http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/</A>. +</P><P> + +Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. +If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this +License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of +following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or +of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the +Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version +number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not +as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document +specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of this +License can be used, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of a +version permanently authorizes you to choose that version for the +Document. +</P><P> + +<LI> +RELICENSING +<P> + +"Massive Multiauthor Collaboration Site" (or "MMC Site") means any +World Wide Web server that publishes copyrightable works and also +provides prominent facilities for anybody to edit those works. A +public wiki that anybody can edit is an example of such a server. A +"Massive Multiauthor Collaboration" (or "MMC") contained in the +site means any set of copyrightable works thus published on the MMC +site. +</P><P> + +"CC-BY-SA" means the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 +license published by Creative Commons Corporation, a not-for-profit +corporation with a principal place of business in San Francisco, +California, as well as future copyleft versions of that license +published by that same organization. +</P><P> + +"Incorporate" means to publish or republish a Document, in whole or +in part, as part of another Document. +</P><P> + +An MMC is "eligible for relicensing" if it is licensed under this +License, and if all works that were first published under this License +somewhere other than this MMC, and subsequently incorporated in whole +or in part into the MMC, (1) had no cover texts or invariant sections, +and (2) were thus incorporated prior to November 1, 2008. +</P><P> + +The operator of an MMC Site may republish an MMC contained in the site +under CC-BY-SA on the same site at any time before August 1, 2009, +provided the MMC is eligible for relicensing. +</P><P> + +</OL> +<P> + +<A NAME="SEC20"></A> +<H2> ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents </H2> +<!--docid::SEC20::--> +<P> + +To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of +the License in the document and put the following copyright and +license notices just after the title page: +</P><P> + +<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=smallexample><FONT SIZE=-1><pre> Copyright (C) <VAR>year</VAR> <VAR>your name</VAR>. + Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document + under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 + or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; + with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover + Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU + Free Documentation License''. +</FONT></pre></td></tr></table></P><P> + +If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts, +replace the "with<small>...</small>Texts." line with this: +</P><P> + +<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=smallexample><FONT SIZE=-1><pre> with the Invariant Sections being <VAR>list their titles</VAR>, with + the Front-Cover Texts being <VAR>list</VAR>, and with the Back-Cover Texts + being <VAR>list</VAR>. +</FONT></pre></td></tr></table></P><P> + +If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other +combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the +situation. +</P><P> + +If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we +recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of +free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, +to permit their use in free software. +</P><P> + +<A NAME="Concept Index"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC21"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC19"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC22"> > </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC22"> << </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC22"> >> </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21">Index</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H1> B. Concept Index </H1> +<!--docid::SEC21::--> +<table><tr><th valign=top>Jump to: </th><td><A HREF="history.html#cp_A" style="text-decoration:none"><b>A</b></A> + +<A HREF="history.html#cp_E" style="text-decoration:none"><b>E</b></A> + +<A HREF="history.html#cp_H" style="text-decoration:none"><b>H</b></A> + +</td></tr></table><br><P></P> +<TABLE border=0> +<TR><TD></TD><TH ALIGN=LEFT>Index Entry</TH><TH ALIGN=LEFT> Section</TH></TR> +<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> +<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_A"></A>A</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX23">anchored search</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC14">2.3.5 Searching the History List</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> +<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_E"></A>E</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC3">event designators</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC3">1.1.1 Event Designators</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> +<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_H"></A>H</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX1">history events</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC3">1.1.1 Event Designators</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC2">history expansion</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC2">1.1 History Expansion</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC14">History Searching</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC14">2.3.5 Searching the History List</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> +</TABLE><P></P><table><tr><th valign=top>Jump to: </th><td><A HREF="history.html#cp_A" style="text-decoration:none"><b>A</b></A> + +<A HREF="history.html#cp_E" style="text-decoration:none"><b>E</b></A> + +<A HREF="history.html#cp_H" style="text-decoration:none"><b>H</b></A> + +</td></tr></table><br><P> + +<A NAME="Function and Variable Index"></A> +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC22"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21"> < </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[ > ]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[ << ]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top"> Up </A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[ >> ]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"> <TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21">Index</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H1> C. Function and Variable Index </H1> +<!--docid::SEC22::--> +<table><tr><th valign=top>Jump to: </th><td><A HREF="history.html#vr_A" style="text-decoration:none"><b>A</b></A> + +<A HREF="history.html#vr_C" style="text-decoration:none"><b>C</b></A> + +<A HREF="history.html#vr_F" style="text-decoration:none"><b>F</b></A> + +<A HREF="history.html#vr_G" style="text-decoration:none"><b>G</b></A> + +<A HREF="history.html#vr_H" style="text-decoration:none"><b>H</b></A> + +<A HREF="history.html#vr_N" style="text-decoration:none"><b>N</b></A> + +<A HREF="history.html#vr_P" style="text-decoration:none"><b>P</b></A> + +<A HREF="history.html#vr_R" style="text-decoration:none"><b>R</b></A> + +<A HREF="history.html#vr_S" style="text-decoration:none"><b>S</b></A> + +<A HREF="history.html#vr_U" style="text-decoration:none"><b>U</b></A> + +<A HREF="history.html#vr_W" style="text-decoration:none"><b>W</b></A> + +</td></tr></table><br><P></P> +<TABLE border=0> +<TR><TD></TD><TH ALIGN=LEFT>Index Entry</TH><TH ALIGN=LEFT> Section</TH></TR> +<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> +<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_A"></A>A</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX5"><CODE>add_history</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC11">2.3.2 History List Management</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX6"><CODE>add_history_time</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC11">2.3.2 History List Management</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX30"><CODE>append_history</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC15">2.3.6 Managing the History File</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> +<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_C"></A>C</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX10"><CODE>clear_history</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC11">2.3.2 History List Management</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX16"><CODE>current_history</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC12">2.3.3 Information About the History List</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> +<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_F"></A>F</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX8"><CODE>free_history_entry</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC11">2.3.2 History List Management</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> +<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_G"></A>G</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX33"><CODE>get_history_event</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC16">2.3.7 History Expansion</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> +<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_H"></A>H</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX35"><CODE>history_arg_extract</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC16">2.3.7 History Expansion</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX36"><CODE>history_base</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC17">2.4 History Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX42"><CODE>history_comment_char</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC17">2.4 History Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX32"><CODE>history_expand</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC16">2.3.7 History Expansion</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX40"><CODE>history_expansion_char</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC17">2.4 History Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX17"><CODE>history_get</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC12">2.3.3 Information About the History List</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX3"><CODE>history_get_history_state</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC10">2.3.1 Initializing History and State Management</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX18"><CODE>history_get_time</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC12">2.3.3 Information About the History List</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX48"><CODE>history_inhibit_expansion_function</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC17">2.4 History Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX13"><CODE>history_is_stifled</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC11">2.3.2 History List Management</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX37"><CODE>history_length</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC17">2.4 History Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX14"><CODE>history_list</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC12">2.3.3 Information About the History List</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX38"><CODE>history_max_entries</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC17">2.4 History Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX45"><CODE>history_no_expand_chars</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC17">2.4 History Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX46"><CODE>history_quotes_inhibit_expansion</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC17">2.4 History Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX47"><CODE>history_quoting_state</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC17">2.4 History Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX24"><CODE>history_search</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC14">2.3.5 Searching the History List</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX44"><CODE>history_search_delimiter_chars</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC17">2.4 History Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX26"><CODE>history_search_pos</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC14">2.3.5 Searching the History List</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX25"><CODE>history_search_prefix</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC14">2.3.5 Searching the History List</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX4"><CODE>history_set_history_state</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC10">2.3.1 Initializing History and State Management</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX20"><CODE>history_set_pos</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC13">2.3.4 Moving Around the History List</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX41"><CODE>history_subst_char</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC17">2.4 History Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX34"><CODE>history_tokenize</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC16">2.3.7 History Expansion</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX19"><CODE>history_total_bytes</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC12">2.3.3 Information About the History List</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX31"><CODE>history_truncate_file</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC15">2.3.6 Managing the History File</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX43"><CODE>history_word_delimiters</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC17">2.4 History Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX39"><CODE>history_write_timestamps</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC17">2.4 History Variables</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> +<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_N"></A>N</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX22"><CODE>next_history</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC13">2.3.4 Moving Around the History List</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> +<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_P"></A>P</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX21"><CODE>previous_history</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC13">2.3.4 Moving Around the History List</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> +<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_R"></A>R</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX27"><CODE>read_history</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC15">2.3.6 Managing the History File</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX28"><CODE>read_history_range</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC15">2.3.6 Managing the History File</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX7"><CODE>remove_history</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC11">2.3.2 History List Management</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX9"><CODE>replace_history_entry</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC11">2.3.2 History List Management</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> +<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_S"></A>S</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX11"><CODE>stifle_history</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC11">2.3.2 History List Management</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> +<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_U"></A>U</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX12"><CODE>unstifle_history</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC11">2.3.2 History List Management</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX2"><CODE>using_history</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC10">2.3.1 Initializing History and State Management</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> +<TR><TH><A NAME="vr_W"></A>W</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX15"><CODE>where_history</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC12">2.3.3 Information About the History List</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#IDX29"><CODE>write_history</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="history.html#SEC15">2.3.6 Managing the History File</A></TD></TR> +<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR> +</TABLE><P></P><table><tr><th valign=top>Jump to: </th><td><A HREF="history.html#vr_A" style="text-decoration:none"><b>A</b></A> + +<A HREF="history.html#vr_C" style="text-decoration:none"><b>C</b></A> + +<A HREF="history.html#vr_F" style="text-decoration:none"><b>F</b></A> + +<A HREF="history.html#vr_G" style="text-decoration:none"><b>G</b></A> + +<A HREF="history.html#vr_H" style="text-decoration:none"><b>H</b></A> + +<A HREF="history.html#vr_N" style="text-decoration:none"><b>N</b></A> + +<A HREF="history.html#vr_P" style="text-decoration:none"><b>P</b></A> + +<A HREF="history.html#vr_R" style="text-decoration:none"><b>R</b></A> + +<A HREF="history.html#vr_S" style="text-decoration:none"><b>S</b></A> + +<A HREF="history.html#vr_U" style="text-decoration:none"><b>U</b></A> + +<A HREF="history.html#vr_W" style="text-decoration:none"><b>W</b></A> + +</td></tr></table><br><P> + +<HR SIZE="6"> +<A NAME="SEC_Contents"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21">Index</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H1>Table of Contents</H1> +<UL> +<A NAME="TOC1" HREF="history.html#SEC1">1. Using History Interactively</A> +<BR> +<UL> +<A NAME="TOC2" HREF="history.html#SEC2">1.1 History Expansion</A> +<BR> +<UL> +<A NAME="TOC3" HREF="history.html#SEC3">1.1.1 Event Designators</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC4" HREF="history.html#SEC4">1.1.2 Word Designators</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC5" HREF="history.html#SEC5">1.1.3 Modifiers</A> +<BR> +</UL> +</UL> +<A NAME="TOC6" HREF="history.html#SEC6">2. Programming with GNU History</A> +<BR> +<UL> +<A NAME="TOC7" HREF="history.html#SEC7">2.1 Introduction to History</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC8" HREF="history.html#SEC8">2.2 History Storage</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC9" HREF="history.html#SEC9">2.3 History Functions</A> +<BR> +<UL> +<A NAME="TOC10" HREF="history.html#SEC10">2.3.1 Initializing History and State Management</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC11" HREF="history.html#SEC11">2.3.2 History List Management</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC12" HREF="history.html#SEC12">2.3.3 Information About the History List</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC13" HREF="history.html#SEC13">2.3.4 Moving Around the History List</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC14" HREF="history.html#SEC14">2.3.5 Searching the History List</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC15" HREF="history.html#SEC15">2.3.6 Managing the History File</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC16" HREF="history.html#SEC16">2.3.7 History Expansion</A> +<BR> +</UL> +<A NAME="TOC17" HREF="history.html#SEC17">2.4 History Variables</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC18" HREF="history.html#SEC18">2.5 History Programming Example</A> +<BR> +</UL> +<A NAME="TOC19" HREF="history.html#SEC19">A. GNU Free Documentation License</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC21" HREF="history.html#SEC21">B. Concept Index</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC22" HREF="history.html#SEC22">C. Function and Variable Index</A> +<BR> +</UL> +<HR SIZE=1> +<A NAME="SEC_OVERVIEW"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21">Index</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H1>Short Table of Contents</H1> +<BLOCKQUOTE> +<A NAME="TOC1" HREF="history.html#SEC1">1. Using History Interactively</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC6" HREF="history.html#SEC6">2. Programming with GNU History</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC19" HREF="history.html#SEC19">A. GNU Free Documentation License</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC21" HREF="history.html#SEC21">B. Concept Index</A> +<BR> +<A NAME="TOC22" HREF="history.html#SEC22">C. Function and Variable Index</A> +<BR> + +</BLOCKQUOTE> +<HR SIZE=1> +<A NAME="SEC_About"></A> +<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0> +<TR><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Top">Top</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC21">Index</A>]</TD> +<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="history.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD> +</TR></TABLE> +<H1>About this document</H1> +This document was generated by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>October, 30 2020</I> +using <A HREF="http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/~obachman/Texi2html +"><I>texi2html</I></A> +<P></P> +The buttons in the navigation panels have the following meaning: +<P></P> +<table border = "1"> +<TR> +<TH> Button </TH> +<TH> Name </TH> +<TH> Go to </TH> +<TH> From 1.2.3 go to</TH> +</TR> +<TR> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> + [ < ] </TD> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> +Back +</TD> +<TD> +previous section in reading order +</TD> +<TD> +1.2.2 +</TD> +</TR> +<TR> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> + [ > ] </TD> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> +Forward +</TD> +<TD> +next section in reading order +</TD> +<TD> +1.2.4 +</TD> +</TR> +<TR> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> + [ << ] </TD> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> +FastBack +</TD> +<TD> +previous or up-and-previous section +</TD> +<TD> +1.1 +</TD> +</TR> +<TR> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> + [ Up ] </TD> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> +Up +</TD> +<TD> +up section +</TD> +<TD> +1.2 +</TD> +</TR> +<TR> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> + [ >> ] </TD> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> +FastForward +</TD> +<TD> +next or up-and-next section +</TD> +<TD> +1.3 +</TD> +</TR> +<TR> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> + [Top] </TD> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> +Top +</TD> +<TD> +cover (top) of document +</TD> +<TD> + +</TD> +</TR> +<TR> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> + [Contents] </TD> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> +Contents +</TD> +<TD> +table of contents +</TD> +<TD> + +</TD> +</TR> +<TR> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> + [Index] </TD> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> +Index +</TD> +<TD> +concept index +</TD> +<TD> + +</TD> +</TR> +<TR> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> + [ ? ] </TD> +<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> +About +</TD> +<TD> +this page +</TD> +<TD> + +</TD> +</TR> +</TABLE> +<P></P> +where the <STRONG> Example </STRONG> assumes that the current position +is at <STRONG> Subsubsection One-Two-Three </STRONG> of a document of +the following structure: +<UL> +<LI> 1. Section One </LI> +<UL> +<LI>1.1 Subsection One-One</LI> +<UL> +<LI> ... </LI> +</UL> +<LI>1.2 Subsection One-Two</LI> +<UL> +<LI>1.2.1 Subsubsection One-Two-One +</LI><LI>1.2.2 Subsubsection One-Two-Two +</LI><LI>1.2.3 Subsubsection One-Two-Three <STRONG> +<== Current Position </STRONG> +</LI><LI>1.2.4 Subsubsection One-Two-Four +</LI></UL> +<LI>1.3 Subsection One-Three</LI> +<UL> +<LI> ... </LI> +</UL> +<LI>1.4 Subsection One-Four</LI> +</UL> +</UL> + +<HR SIZE=1> +<BR> +<FONT SIZE="-1"> +This document was generated +by <I>Chet Ramey</I> on <I>October, 30 2020</I> +using <A HREF="http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/~obachman/Texi2html +"><I>texi2html</I></A> + +</BODY> +</HTML> |