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+'\" t
+.\" Title: pwconv
+.\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz
+.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
+.\" Date: 23/01/2020
+.\" Manual: Commandes de gestion du syst\(`eme
+.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8.1
+.\" Language: French
+.\"
+.TH "PWCONV" "8" "23/01/2020" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8\&.1" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em"
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * Define some portability stuff
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+.\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673
+.\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html
+.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
+.el .ds Aq '
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * set default formatting
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" disable hyphenation
+.nh
+.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
+.ad l
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE *
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.SH "NOM"
+pwconv, pwunconv, grpconv, grpunconv \- Convertir vers ou depuis les fichiers de mots de passe ou de groupe cach\('es
+.SH "SYNOPSIS"
+.HP \w'\fBpwconv\fR\ 'u
+\fBpwconv\fR [\fIoptions\fR]
+.HP \w'\fBpwunconv\fR\ 'u
+\fBpwunconv\fR [\fIoptions\fR]
+.HP \w'\fBgrpconv\fR\ 'u
+\fBgrpconv\fR [\fIoptions\fR]
+.HP \w'\fBgrpunconv\fR\ 'u
+\fBgrpunconv\fR [\fIoptions\fR]
+.SH "DESCRIPTION"
+.PP
+The
+\fBpwconv\fR
+command creates
+\fIshadow\fR
+from
+\fIpasswd\fR
+and an optionally existing
+\fIshadow\fR\&.
+.PP
+The
+\fBpwunconv\fR
+command creates
+\fIpasswd\fR
+from
+\fIpasswd\fR
+and
+\fIshadow\fR
+and then removes
+\fIshadow\fR\&.
+.PP
+The
+\fBgrpconv\fR
+command creates
+\fIgshadow\fR
+from
+\fIgroup\fR
+and an optionally existing
+\fIgshadow\fR\&.
+.PP
+The
+\fBgrpunconv\fR
+command creates
+\fIgroup\fR
+from
+\fIgroup\fR
+and
+\fIgshadow\fR
+and then removes
+\fIgshadow\fR\&.
+.PP
+These four programs all operate on the normal and shadow password and group files:
+/etc/passwd,
+/etc/group,
+/etc/shadow, and
+/etc/gshadow\&.
+.PP
+Each program acquires the necessary locks before conversion\&.
+\fBpwconv\fR
+and
+\fBgrpconv\fR
+are similar\&. First, entries in the shadowed file which don\*(Aqt exist in the main file are removed\&. Then, shadowed entries which don\*(Aqt have `x\*(Aq as the password in the main file are updated\&. Any missing shadowed entries are added\&. Finally, passwords in the main file are replaced with `x\*(Aq\&. These programs can be used for initial conversion as well to update the shadowed file if the main file is edited by hand\&.
+.PP
+\fBpwconv\fR
+will use the values of
+\fIPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR,
+\fIPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR, and
+\fIPASS_WARN_AGE\fR
+from
+/etc/login\&.defs
+when adding new entries to
+/etc/shadow\&.
+.PP
+Likewise
+\fBpwunconv\fR
+and
+\fBgrpunconv\fR
+are similar\&. Passwords in the main file are updated from the shadowed file\&. Entries which exist in the main file but not in the shadowed file are left alone\&. Finally, the shadowed file is removed\&. Some password aging information is lost by
+\fBpwunconv\fR\&. It will convert what it can\&.
+.SH "OPTIONS"
+.PP
+The options which apply to the
+\fBpwconv\fR,
+\fBpwunconv\fR,
+\fBgrpconv\fR, and
+\fBgrpunconv\fR
+commands are:
+.PP
+\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
+.RS 4
+Afficher un message d\*(Aqaide et quitter\&.
+.RE
+.PP
+\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
+.RS 4
+Apply changes in the
+\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
+directory and use the configuration files from the
+\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
+directory\&.
+.RE
+.SH "BOGUES"
+.PP
+Errors in the password or group files (such as invalid or duplicate entries) may cause these programs to loop forever or fail in other strange ways\&. Please run
+\fBpwck\fR
+and
+\fBgrpck\fR
+to correct any such errors before converting to or from shadow passwords or groups\&.
+.SH "CONFIGURATION"
+.PP
+The following configuration variable in
+/etc/login\&.defs
+changes the behavior of
+\fBgrpconv\fR
+and
+\fBgrpunconv\fR:
+.PP
+\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number)
+.RS 4
+Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in
+/etc/group
+(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&.
+.sp
+La valeur par d\('efaut est 0, ce qui signifie qu\*(Aqil n\*(Aqy a pas de limites pour le nombre de membres dans un groupe\&.
+.sp
+Cette fonctionnalit\('e (groupe d\('ecoup\('e) permet de limiter la longueur des lignes dans le fichier de groupes\&. Ceci est utile pour s\*(Aqassurer que les lignes pour les groupes NIS ne sont pas plus grandes que 1024 caract\(`eres\&.
+.sp
+Si vous avez besoin de configurer cette limite, vous pouvez utiliser 25\&.
+.sp
+Remarque\ \&: les groupes d\('ecoup\('es ne sont peut\-\(^etre pas pris en charge par tous les outils (m\(^eme dans la suite d\*(Aqoutils Shadow)\&. Vous ne devriez pas utiliser cette variable, sauf si vous en avez vraiment besoin\&.
+.RE
+.PP
+The following configuration variables in
+/etc/login\&.defs
+change the behavior of
+\fBpwconv\fR:
+.PP
+\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number)
+.RS 4
+Nombre maximum de jours de validit\('e d\*(Aqun mot de passe\&. Apr\(`es cette dur\('ee, une modification du mot de passe est obligatoire\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, la valeur de \-1 est utilis\('ee (ce qui enl\(`eve toute restriction)\&.
+.RE
+.PP
+\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (number)
+.RS 4
+Nombre minimum de jours autoris\('e avant la modification d\*(Aqun mot de passe\&. Toute tentative de modification du mot de passe avant cette dur\('ee est rejet\('ee\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, la valeur de \-1 est utilis\('ee (ce qui enl\(`eve toute restriction)\&.
+.RE
+.PP
+\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (number)
+.RS 4
+Nombre de jours durant lesquels l\*(Aqutilisateur recevra un avertissement avant que son mot de passe n\*(Aqarrive en fin de validit\('e\&. Une valeur n\('egative signifie qu\*(Aqaucun avertissement n\*(Aqest donn\('e\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, aucun avertissement n\*(Aqest donn\('e\&.
+.RE
+.SH "FICHIERS"
+.PP
+/etc/login\&.defs
+.RS 4
+Configuration de la suite des mots de passe cach\('es \(Fo\ \&shadow password\ \&\(Fc\&.
+.RE
+.SH "VOIR AUSSI"
+.PP
+\fBgrpck\fR(8),
+\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),
+\fBpwck\fR(8)\&.