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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+ Copyright (c) 2005 - 2008, Nicolas François
+ All rights reserved.
+
+ Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ are met:
+ 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ 3. The name of the copyright holders or contributors may not be used to
+ endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+ specific prior written permission.
+
+ THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
+ PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+ HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+-->
+<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook V4.5//EN"
+ "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
+<!-- SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE -->
+]>
+<refentry id='gshadow.5'>
+ <!-- $Id$ -->
+ <refentryinfo>
+ <author>
+ <firstname>Nicolas</firstname>
+ <surname>François</surname>
+ <email>nicolas.francois@centraliens.net</email>
+ <contrib>Creation, 2005</contrib>
+ <contrib>shadow-utils maintainer, 2007 - now</contrib>
+ </author>
+ </refentryinfo>
+ <refmeta>
+ <refentrytitle>gshadow</refentrytitle>
+ <manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
+ <refmiscinfo class="sectdesc">File Formats and Conversions</refmiscinfo>
+ <refmiscinfo class="source">shadow-utils</refmiscinfo>
+ <refmiscinfo class="version">&SHADOW_UTILS_VERSION;</refmiscinfo>
+ </refmeta>
+ <refnamediv id='name'>
+ <refname>gshadow</refname>
+ <refpurpose>shadowed group file</refpurpose>
+ </refnamediv>
+
+ <refsect1 id='description'>
+ <title>DESCRIPTION</title>
+ <para>
+ <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename> contains the shadowed information
+ for group accounts.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ This file must not be readable by regular users if password security
+ is to be maintained.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ Each line of this file contains the following colon-separated
+ fields:
+ </para>
+ <variablelist>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><emphasis role="bold">group name</emphasis></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ It must be a valid group name, which exist on the system.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><emphasis role="bold">encrypted password</emphasis></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ Refer to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle>
+ <manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on how
+ this string is interpreted.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ If the password field contains some string that is not a valid
+ result of <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle>
+ <manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, for instance ! or *,
+ users will not be able to use a unix password to access the
+ group (but group members do not need the password).
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ The password is used when a user who is not a member of the
+ group wants to gain the permissions of this group (see
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>newgrp</refentrytitle>
+ <manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>).
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ This field may be empty, in which case only the group members
+ can gain the group permissions.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means
+ that the password is locked. The remaining characters on the
+ line represent the password field before the password was
+ locked.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ This password supersedes any password specified in
+ <filename>/etc/group</filename>.
+ </para>
+
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><emphasis role="bold">administrators</emphasis></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ It must be a comma-separated list of user names.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ Administrators can change the password or the members of the
+ group.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ Administrators also have the same permissions as the members
+ (see below).
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><emphasis role="bold">members</emphasis></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ It must be a comma-separated list of user names.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ Members can access the group without being prompted for a
+ password.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ You should use the same list of users as in
+ <filename>/etc/group</filename>.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ </variablelist>
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1 id='files'>
+ <title>FILES</title>
+ <variablelist>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><filename>/etc/group</filename></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Group account information.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><filename>/etc/gshadow</filename></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Secure group account information.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ </variablelist>
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1 id='see_also'>
+ <title>SEE ALSO</title>
+ <para>
+ <citerefentry>
+ <refentrytitle>gpasswd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
+ </citerefentry>,
+ <citerefentry>
+ <refentrytitle>group</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
+ </citerefentry>,
+ <citerefentry>
+ <refentrytitle>grpck</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
+ </citerefentry>,
+ <citerefentry>
+ <refentrytitle>grpconv</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
+ </citerefentry>,
+ <citerefentry>
+ <refentrytitle>newgrp</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
+ </citerefentry>.
+ </para>
+ </refsect1>
+</refentry>