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diff --git a/man/passwd.5.xml b/man/passwd.5.xml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7738d09 --- /dev/null +++ b/man/passwd.5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,225 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> +<!-- + Copyright (c) 1989 - 1990, Julianne Frances Haugh + Copyright (c) 2007 - 2008, Nicolas François + All rights reserved. + + Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without + modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions + are met: + 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright + notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. + 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright + notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the + documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. + 3. The name of the copyright holders or contributors may not be used to + endorse or promote products derived from this software without + specific prior written permission. + + THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS + ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT + LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A + PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT + HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, + SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT + LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, + DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY + THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT + (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE + OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. +--> +<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook V4.5//EN" + "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [ +<!-- SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE --> +]> +<refentry id='passwd.5'> + <!-- $Id$ --> + <refentryinfo> + <author> + <firstname>Julianne Frances</firstname> + <surname>Haugh</surname> + <contrib>Creation, 1989</contrib> + </author> + <author> + <firstname>Thomas</firstname> + <surname>Kłoczko</surname> + <email>kloczek@pld.org.pl</email> + <contrib>shadow-utils maintainer, 2000 - 2007</contrib> + </author> + <author> + <firstname>Nicolas</firstname> + <surname>François</surname> + <email>nicolas.francois@centraliens.net</email> + <contrib>shadow-utils maintainer, 2007 - now</contrib> + </author> + </refentryinfo> + <refmeta> + <refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle> + <manvolnum>5</manvolnum> + <refmiscinfo class="sectdesc">File Formats and Conversions</refmiscinfo> + <refmiscinfo class="source">shadow-utils</refmiscinfo> + <refmiscinfo class="version">&SHADOW_UTILS_VERSION;</refmiscinfo> + </refmeta> + <refnamediv id='name'> + <refname>passwd</refname> + <refpurpose>the password file</refpurpose> + </refnamediv> + + <refsect1 id='description'> + <title>DESCRIPTION</title> + <para> + <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> contains one line for each + user account, with seven fields delimited by colons + (<quote>:</quote>). + These fields are: + </para> + <itemizedlist mark='bullet'> + <listitem> + <para>login name</para> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para>optional encrypted password</para> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para>numerical user ID</para> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para>numerical group ID</para> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para>user name or comment field</para> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para>user home directory</para> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para>optional user command interpreter</para> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para> + If the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field is a lower-case + <quote>x</quote>, then the encrypted password is actually stored in the + <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle> + <manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> file instead; there + <emphasis>must</emphasis> be a corresponding line in the + <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file, or else the user account is invalid. + </para> + + <para> + The encrypted <emphasis>password</emphasis> field may be empty, + in which case no password is required to authenticate as the + specified login name. However, some applications which read the + <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file may decide not to permit + <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the + <emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank. + </para> + + <para> + A <emphasis>password</emphasis> field which starts with an + exclamation mark means that the password is locked. The + remaining characters on the line represent the + <emphasis>password</emphasis> field before the password was + locked. + </para> + + <para> + Refer to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle> + <manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on how + this string is interpreted. + </para> + <para> + If the password field contains some string that is not a valid + result of <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle> + <manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, for instance ! or *, + the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in + (but the user may log in the system by other means). + </para> + <para> + The comment field is used by various system utilities, such as + <citerefentry><refentrytitle>finger</refentrytitle> + <manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>. + </para> + + <para> + The home directory field provides the name of the initial working + directory. The <command>login</command> program uses this information + to set the value of the <envar>$HOME</envar> environmental variable. + </para> + + <para> + The command interpreter field provides the name of the user's command + language interpreter, or the name of the initial program to execute. + The <command>login</command> program uses this information to set the + value of the <envar>$SHELL</envar> environmental variable. If this + field is empty, it defaults to the value <filename>/bin/sh</filename>. + </para> + </refsect1> + + <refsect1 id='files'> + <title>FILES</title> + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><filename>/etc/passwd</filename></term> + <listitem> + <para>User account information.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><filename>/etc/shadow</filename></term> + <listitem> + <para>optional encrypted password file</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term><filename>/etc/passwd-</filename></term> + <listitem> + <para>Backup file for /etc/passwd.</para> + <para> + Note that this file is used by the tools of the shadow + toolsuite, but not by all user and password management tools. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + </refsect1> + + <refsect1 id='see_also'> + <title>SEE ALSO</title> + <para> + <citerefentry> + <refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum> + </citerefentry>, + <citerefentry> + <refentrytitle>getent</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum> + </citerefentry>, + <citerefentry> + <refentrytitle>getpwnam</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum> + </citerefentry>, + <citerefentry> + <refentrytitle>login</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum> + </citerefentry>, + <citerefentry> + <refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum> + </citerefentry>, + <citerefentry> + <refentrytitle>pwck</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum> + </citerefentry>, + <citerefentry> + <refentrytitle>pwconv</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum> + </citerefentry>, + <citerefentry> + <refentrytitle>pwunconv</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum> + </citerefentry>, + <citerefentry> + <refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum> + </citerefentry>, + <citerefentry> + <refentrytitle>su</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum> + </citerefentry>, + <citerefentry> + <refentrytitle>sulogin</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum> + </citerefentry>. + </para> + </refsect1> +</refentry> |