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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+ Copyright (c) 1996 - 1998, Marek Michałkiewicz
+ Copyright (c) 2000 - 2006, Tomasz Kłoczko
+ Copyright (c) 2007 - 2011, Nicolas François
+ All rights reserved.
+
+ Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ are met:
+ 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ 3. The name of the copyright holders or contributors may not be used to
+ endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+ specific prior written permission.
+
+ THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
+ PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+ HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+-->
+<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook V4.5//EN"
+ "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
+<!ENTITY MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP SYSTEM "login.defs.d/MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP.xml">
+<!ENTITY PASS_MAX_DAYS SYSTEM "login.defs.d/PASS_MAX_DAYS.xml">
+<!ENTITY PASS_MIN_DAYS SYSTEM "login.defs.d/PASS_MIN_DAYS.xml">
+<!ENTITY PASS_WARN_AGE SYSTEM "login.defs.d/PASS_WARN_AGE.xml">
+<!ENTITY USE_TCB SYSTEM "login.defs.d/USE_TCB.xml">
+<!-- SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE -->
+]>
+<refentry id='pwconv.8'>
+ <!-- $Id$ -->
+ <refentryinfo>
+ <author>
+ <firstname>Marek</firstname>
+ <surname>Michałkiewicz</surname>
+ <contrib>Creation, 1996</contrib>
+ </author>
+ <author>
+ <firstname>Thomas</firstname>
+ <surname>Kłoczko</surname>
+ <email>kloczek@pld.org.pl</email>
+ <contrib>shadow-utils maintainer, 2000 - 2007</contrib>
+ </author>
+ <author>
+ <firstname>Nicolas</firstname>
+ <surname>François</surname>
+ <email>nicolas.francois@centraliens.net</email>
+ <contrib>shadow-utils maintainer, 2007 - now</contrib>
+ </author>
+ </refentryinfo>
+ <refmeta>
+ <refentrytitle>pwconv</refentrytitle>
+ <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
+ <refmiscinfo class="sectdesc">System Management Commands</refmiscinfo>
+ <refmiscinfo class="source">shadow-utils</refmiscinfo>
+ <refmiscinfo class="version">&SHADOW_UTILS_VERSION;</refmiscinfo>
+ </refmeta>
+ <refnamediv id='name'>
+ <refname>pwconv</refname>
+ <refname>pwunconv</refname>
+ <refname>grpconv</refname>
+ <refname>grpunconv</refname>
+ <refpurpose>convert to and from shadow passwords and groups</refpurpose>
+ </refnamediv>
+
+ <refsynopsisdiv id='synopsis'>
+ <cmdsynopsis>
+ <command>pwconv</command>
+ <arg choice='opt'>
+ <replaceable>options</replaceable>
+ </arg>
+ </cmdsynopsis>
+ <cmdsynopsis>
+ <command>pwunconv</command>
+ <arg choice='opt'>
+ <replaceable>options</replaceable>
+ </arg>
+ </cmdsynopsis>
+ <cmdsynopsis>
+ <command>grpconv</command>
+ <arg choice='opt'>
+ <replaceable>options</replaceable>
+ </arg>
+ </cmdsynopsis>
+ <cmdsynopsis>
+ <command>grpunconv</command>
+ <arg choice='opt'>
+ <replaceable>options</replaceable>
+ </arg>
+ </cmdsynopsis>
+ </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+ <refsect1 id='description'>
+ <title>DESCRIPTION</title>
+ <para>
+ The <command>pwconv</command> command creates <emphasis
+ remap='I'>shadow</emphasis> from <emphasis remap='I'>passwd</emphasis>
+ and an optionally existing <emphasis remap='I'>shadow</emphasis>.
+ </para>
+ <para condition="tcb">
+ <command>pwconv</command> does not work with
+ <option>USE_TCB</option> enabled. To convert to tcb passwords, you
+ should first use <command>pwconv</command> to convert to shadowed
+ passwords by disabling <option>USE_TCB</option> in
+ <filename>login.defs</filename> and then convert to tcb password
+ using <command>tcb_convert</command> (and re-enable
+ <option>USE_TCB</option> in <filename>login.defs</filename>.)
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ The <command>pwunconv</command> command creates <emphasis
+ remap='I'>passwd</emphasis> from <emphasis remap='I'>passwd</emphasis>
+ and <emphasis remap='I'>shadow</emphasis> and then removes <emphasis
+ remap='I'>shadow</emphasis>.
+ </para>
+ <para condition="tcb">
+ <command>pwunconv</command> does not work with
+ <option>USE_TCB</option> enabled. You should first switch back from
+ tcb to shadowed passwords using <command>tcb_unconvert</command>,
+ and then disable <option>USE_TCB</option> in
+ <filename>login.defs</filename> before using
+ <command>pwunconv</command>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ The <command>grpconv</command> command creates <emphasis
+ remap='I'>gshadow</emphasis> from <emphasis remap='I'>group</emphasis>
+ and an optionally existing <emphasis remap='I'>gshadow</emphasis>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ The <command>grpunconv</command> command creates <emphasis
+ remap='I'>group</emphasis> from <emphasis remap='I'>group</emphasis>
+ and <emphasis remap='I'>gshadow</emphasis> and then removes <emphasis
+ remap='I'>gshadow</emphasis>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ These four programs all operate on the normal and shadow password and
+ group files: <filename>/etc/passwd</filename>,
+ <filename>/etc/group</filename>, <filename>/etc/shadow</filename>, and
+ <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ Each program acquires the necessary locks before conversion.
+ <command>pwconv</command> and <command>grpconv</command> are similar.
+ First, entries in the shadowed file which don't exist in the main file
+ are removed. Then, shadowed entries which don't have `x' as the
+ password in the main file are updated. Any missing shadowed entries
+ are added. Finally, passwords in the main file are replaced with `x'.
+ These programs can be used for initial conversion as well to update
+ the shadowed file if the main file is edited by hand.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ <command>pwconv</command> will use the values of <emphasis
+ remap='I'>PASS_MIN_DAYS</emphasis>, <emphasis
+ remap='I'>PASS_MAX_DAYS</emphasis>, and <emphasis
+ remap='I'>PASS_WARN_AGE</emphasis> from
+ <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> when adding new entries to
+ <filename>/etc/shadow</filename>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ Likewise <command>pwunconv</command> and <command>grpunconv</command>
+ are similar. Passwords in the main file are updated from the shadowed
+ file. Entries which exist in the main file but not in the shadowed
+ file are left alone. Finally, the shadowed file is removed. Some
+ password aging information is lost by <command>pwunconv</command>. It
+ will convert what it can.
+ </para>
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1 id='options'>
+ <title>OPTIONS</title>
+ <para>
+ The options which apply to the <command>pwconv</command>,
+ <command>pwunconv</command>, <command>grpconv</command>, and
+ <command>grpunconv</command> commands are:
+ </para>
+ <variablelist remap='IP'>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Display help message and exit.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>
+ <option>-R</option>, <option>--root</option>&nbsp;<replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable>
+ </term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ Apply changes in the <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable>
+ directory and use the configuration files from the
+ <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable> directory.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ </variablelist>
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1 id='bugs'>
+ <title>BUGS</title>
+ <para>
+ Errors in the password or group files (such as invalid or duplicate
+ entries) may cause these programs to loop forever or fail in other
+ strange ways. Please run <command>pwck</command> and
+ <command>grpck</command> to correct any such errors before converting
+ to or from shadow passwords or groups.
+ </para>
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1 id='configuration'>
+ <title>CONFIGURATION</title>
+ <para>
+ The following configuration variable in
+ <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> changes the behavior of
+ <command>grpconv</command> and <command>grpunconv</command>:
+ </para>
+ <variablelist>
+ &MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP;
+ </variablelist>
+ <para>
+ The following configuration variables in
+ <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> change the behavior of
+ <command>pwconv</command>:
+ </para>
+ <variablelist>
+ &PASS_MAX_DAYS;
+ &PASS_MIN_DAYS;
+ &PASS_WARN_AGE;
+ &USE_TCB;
+ </variablelist>
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1 id='files'>
+ <title>FILES</title>
+ <variablelist>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><filename>/etc/login.defs</filename></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Shadow password suite configuration.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ </variablelist>
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1 id='see_also'>
+ <title>SEE ALSO</title>
+ <para>
+ <citerefentry>
+ <refentrytitle>grpck</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
+ </citerefentry>,
+ <citerefentry>
+ <refentrytitle>login.defs</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
+ </citerefentry>,
+ <citerefentry>
+ <refentrytitle>pwck</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
+ </citerefentry><phrase condition="tcb">,
+ <citerefentry>
+ <refentrytitle>tcb_convert</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
+ </citerefentry>,
+ <citerefentry>
+ <refentrytitle>tcb_unconvert</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
+ </citerefentry></phrase>.
+ </para>
+ </refsect1>
+</refentry>