Adding upstream version 2.36.1.upstream/2.36.1upstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 158 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/disk-utils/mkswap.8 b/disk-utils/mkswap.8
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a8cbcc2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/disk-utils/mkswap.8
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+.\" Copyright 1998 Andries E. Brouwer (aeb@cwi.nl)
+.\"
+.\" May be distributed under the GNU General Public License
+.\"
+.TH MKSWAP 8 "March 2009" "util-linux" "System Administration"
+.SH NAME
+mkswap \- set up a Linux swap area
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B mkswap
+[options]
+.I device
+.RI [ size ]
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.B mkswap
+sets up a Linux swap area on a device or in a file.
+
+The
+.I device
+argument will usually be a disk partition (something like
+.IR /dev/sdb7 )
+but can also be a file.
+The Linux kernel does not look at partition IDs, but
+many installation scripts will assume that partitions
+of hex type 82 (LINUX_SWAP) are meant to be swap partitions.
+(\fBWarning: Solaris also uses this type.  Be careful not to kill
+your Solaris partitions.\fP)
+
+The
+.I size
+parameter is superfluous but retained for backwards compatibility.
+(It specifies the desired size of the swap area in 1024-byte blocks.
+.B mkswap
+will use the entire partition or file if it is omitted.
+Specifying it is unwise \(en a typo may destroy your disk.)
+
+After creating the swap area, you need the
+.B swapon
+command to start using it.  Usually swap areas are listed in
+.I /etc/fstab
+so that they can be taken into use at boot time by a
+.B swapon \-a
+command in some boot script.
+
+.SH WARNING
+The swap header does not touch the first block.  A boot loader or disk label
+can be there, but it is not a recommended setup.  The recommended setup is to
+use a separate partition for a Linux swap area.
+
+.BR mkswap ,
+like many others mkfs-like utils,
+.B erases the first partition block to make any previous filesystem invisible.
+
+However,
+.B mkswap
+refuses to erase the first block on a device with a disk
+label (SUN, BSD, \&...\&).
+
+.SH OPTIONS
+.TP
+.BR \-c , " \-\-check"
+Check the device (if it is a block device) for bad blocks
+before creating the swap area.
+If any bad blocks are found, the count is printed.
+.TP
+.BR \-f , " \-\-force"
+Go ahead even if the command is stupid.
+This allows the creation of a swap area larger than the file
+or partition it resides on.
+
+Also, without this option,
+.B mkswap
+will refuse to erase the first block on a device with a partition table.
+.TP
+.BR \-L , " \-\-label " \fIlabel\fR
+Specify a \fIlabel\fR for the device, to allow
+.B swapon
+by label.
+.TP
+\fB\-\-lock\fR[=\fImode\fR]
+Use exclusive BSD lock for device or file it operates.  The optional argument
+\fImode\fP can be \fByes\fR, \fBno\fR (or 1 and 0) or \fBnonblock\fR.  If the \fImode\fR
+argument is omitted, it defaults to \fB"yes"\fR.  This option overwrites
+environment variable \fB$LOCK_BLOCK_DEVICE\fR.  The default is not to use any
+lock at all, but it's recommended to avoid collisions with udevd or other
+tools.
+.TP
+.BR \-p , " \-\-pagesize " \fIsize\fR
+Specify the page \fIsize\fR (in bytes) to use.  This option is usually unnecessary;
+.B mkswap
+reads the size from the kernel.
+.TP
+.BR \-U , " \-\-uuid " \fIUUID\fR
+Specify the \fIUUID\fR to use.  The default is to generate a UUID.
+.TP
+.BR \-v , " \-\-swapversion 1"
+Specify the swap-space version.  (This option is currently pointless, as the old
+.B \-v 0
+option has become obsolete and now only
+.B \-v 1
+is supported.
+The kernel has not supported v0 swap-space format since 2.5.22 (June 2002).
+The new version v1 is supported since 2.1.117 (August 1998).)
+.TP
+.BR \-h , " \-\-help"
+Display help text and exit.
+.TP
+.BR \-V , " \-\-version"
+Display version information and exit.
+
+.SH ENVIRONMENT
+.IP LIBBLKID_DEBUG=all
+enables libblkid debug output.
+.IP LOCK_BLOCK_DEVICE=<mode>
+use exclusive BSD lock.  The mode is "1" or "0".  See \fB\-\-lock\fR for more details.
+
+.SH NOTES
+The maximum useful size of a swap area depends on the architecture and
+the kernel version.
+
+The maximum number of the pages that is possible to address by swap area header
+is 4294967295 (32-bit unsigned int).  The remaining space on the swap device is ignored.
+
+Presently, Linux allows 32 swap areas.
+The areas in use can be seen in the file
+.I /proc/swaps
+
+.B mkswap
+refuses areas smaller than 10 pages.
+
+If you don't know the page size that your machine uses, you may be
+able to look it up with "cat /proc/cpuinfo" (or you may not \(en
+the contents of this file depend on architecture and kernel version).
+
+To set up a swap file, it is necessary to create that file before
+initializing it with
+.BR mkswap ,
+e.g.\& using a command like
+
+.nf
+.RS
+# dd if=/dev/zero of=swapfile bs=1MiB count=$((8*1024))
+.RE
+.fi
+
+to create 8GiB swapfile.
+
+Please read notes from
+.BR swapon (8)
+about
+.B the swap file use restrictions
+(holes, preallocation and copy-on-write issues).
+
+.SH SEE ALSO
+.BR fdisk (8),
+.BR swapon (8)
+.SH AVAILABILITY
+The mkswap command is part of the util-linux package and is available from
+https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/.