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+=====================
+ Operating a Cluster
+=====================
+
+.. index:: systemd; operating a cluster
+
+
+Running Ceph with systemd
+=========================
+
+In all distributions that support systemd (CentOS 7, Fedora, Debian
+Jessie 8 and later, and SUSE), systemd files (and NOT legacy SysVinit scripts)
+are used to manage Ceph daemons. Ceph daemons therefore behave like any other daemons
+that can be controlled by the ``systemctl`` command, as in the following examples:
+
+.. prompt:: bash $
+
+ sudo systemctl start ceph.target # start all daemons
+ sudo systemctl status ceph-osd@12 # check status of osd.12
+
+To list all of the Ceph systemd units on a node, run the following command:
+
+.. prompt:: bash $
+
+ sudo systemctl status ceph\*.service ceph\*.target
+
+
+Starting all daemons
+--------------------
+
+To start all of the daemons on a Ceph node (regardless of their type), run the
+following command:
+
+.. prompt:: bash $
+
+ sudo systemctl start ceph.target
+
+
+Stopping all daemons
+--------------------
+
+To stop all of the daemons on a Ceph node (regardless of their type), run the
+following command:
+
+.. prompt:: bash $
+
+ sudo systemctl stop ceph\*.service ceph\*.target
+
+
+Starting all daemons by type
+----------------------------
+
+To start all of the daemons of a particular type on a Ceph node, run one of the
+following commands:
+
+.. prompt:: bash $
+
+ sudo systemctl start ceph-osd.target
+ sudo systemctl start ceph-mon.target
+ sudo systemctl start ceph-mds.target
+
+
+Stopping all daemons by type
+----------------------------
+
+To stop all of the daemons of a particular type on a Ceph node, run one of the
+following commands:
+
+.. prompt:: bash $
+
+ sudo systemctl stop ceph-osd\*.service ceph-osd.target
+ sudo systemctl stop ceph-mon\*.service ceph-mon.target
+ sudo systemctl stop ceph-mds\*.service ceph-mds.target
+
+
+Starting a daemon
+-----------------
+
+To start a specific daemon instance on a Ceph node, run one of the
+following commands:
+
+.. prompt:: bash $
+
+ sudo systemctl start ceph-osd@{id}
+ sudo systemctl start ceph-mon@{hostname}
+ sudo systemctl start ceph-mds@{hostname}
+
+For example:
+
+.. prompt:: bash $
+
+ sudo systemctl start ceph-osd@1
+ sudo systemctl start ceph-mon@ceph-server
+ sudo systemctl start ceph-mds@ceph-server
+
+
+Stopping a daemon
+-----------------
+
+To stop a specific daemon instance on a Ceph node, run one of the
+following commands:
+
+.. prompt:: bash $
+
+ sudo systemctl stop ceph-osd@{id}
+ sudo systemctl stop ceph-mon@{hostname}
+ sudo systemctl stop ceph-mds@{hostname}
+
+For example:
+
+.. prompt:: bash $
+
+ sudo systemctl stop ceph-osd@1
+ sudo systemctl stop ceph-mon@ceph-server
+ sudo systemctl stop ceph-mds@ceph-server
+
+
+.. index:: sysvinit; operating a cluster
+
+Running Ceph with SysVinit
+==========================
+
+Each time you start, restart, or stop Ceph daemons, you must specify at least one option and one command.
+Likewise, each time you start, restart, or stop your entire cluster, you must specify at least one option and one command.
+In both cases, you can also specify a daemon type or a daemon instance. ::
+
+ {commandline} [options] [commands] [daemons]
+
+The ``ceph`` options include:
+
++-----------------+----------+-------------------------------------------------+
+| Option | Shortcut | Description |
++=================+==========+=================================================+
+| ``--verbose`` | ``-v`` | Use verbose logging. |
++-----------------+----------+-------------------------------------------------+
+| ``--valgrind`` | ``N/A`` | (Dev and QA only) Use `Valgrind`_ debugging. |
++-----------------+----------+-------------------------------------------------+
+| ``--allhosts`` | ``-a`` | Execute on all nodes listed in ``ceph.conf``. |
+| | | Otherwise, it only executes on ``localhost``. |
++-----------------+----------+-------------------------------------------------+
+| ``--restart`` | ``N/A`` | Automatically restart daemon if it core dumps. |
++-----------------+----------+-------------------------------------------------+
+| ``--norestart`` | ``N/A`` | Do not restart a daemon if it core dumps. |
++-----------------+----------+-------------------------------------------------+
+| ``--conf`` | ``-c`` | Use an alternate configuration file. |
++-----------------+----------+-------------------------------------------------+
+
+The ``ceph`` commands include:
+
++------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
+| Command | Description |
++==================+============================================================+
+| ``start`` | Start the daemon(s). |
++------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
+| ``stop`` | Stop the daemon(s). |
++------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
+| ``forcestop`` | Force the daemon(s) to stop. Same as ``kill -9``. |
++------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
+| ``killall`` | Kill all daemons of a particular type. |
++------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
+| ``cleanlogs`` | Cleans out the log directory. |
++------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
+| ``cleanalllogs`` | Cleans out **everything** in the log directory. |
++------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
+
+The ``[daemons]`` option allows the ``ceph`` service to target specific daemon types
+in order to perform subsystem operations. Daemon types include:
+
+- ``mon``
+- ``osd``
+- ``mds``
+
+.. _Valgrind: http://www.valgrind.org/
+.. _initctl: http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/raring/en/man8/initctl.8.html