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diff --git a/src/arrow/r/tests/testthat/test-backwards-compatibility.R b/src/arrow/r/tests/testthat/test-backwards-compatibility.R
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+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+# nolint start
+# To write a new version of a test file for a current version:
+# write_parquet(example_with_metadata, test_path("golden-files/data-arrow_2.0.0.parquet"))
+
+# To write a new version of a test file for an old version, use docker(-compose)
+# to setup a linux distribution and use RStudio's public package manager binary
+# repo to install the old version. The following commands should be run at the
+# root of the arrow repo directory and might need slight adjusments.
+# R_ORG=rstudio R_IMAGE=r-base R_TAG=4.0-focal docker-compose build --no-cache r
+# R_ORG=rstudio R_IMAGE=r-base R_TAG=4.0-focal docker-compose run r /bin/bash
+# R
+# options(repos = "https://packagemanager.rstudio.com/all/__linux__/focal/latest")
+# remotes::install_version("arrow", version = "1.0.1")
+# # get example data into the global env
+# write_parquet(example_with_metadata, "arrow/r/tests/testthat/golden-files/data-arrow_1.0.1.parquet")
+# quit()/exit
+# nolint end
+
+skip_if(getRversion() < "3.5.0", "The serialization format changed in 3.5")
+
+expect_identical_with_metadata <- function(object, expected, ..., top_level = TRUE) {
+  attrs_to_keep <- c("names", "class", "row.names")
+  if (!top_level) {
+    # remove not-tbl and not-data.frame attributes
+    for (attribute in names(attributes(expected))) {
+      if (attribute %in% attrs_to_keep) next
+      attributes(expected)[[attribute]] <- NULL
+    }
+  }
+  expect_identical(object, expected, ...)
+}
+
+test_that("reading a known Parquet file to dataframe with 3.0.0", {
+  skip_if_not_available("parquet")
+  skip_if_not_available("snappy")
+  pq_file <- test_path("golden-files/data-arrow-extra-meta_3.0.0.parquet")
+
+  df <- read_parquet(pq_file)
+  # this is equivalent to `expect_identical()`
+  expect_identical_with_metadata(df, example_with_extra_metadata)
+})
+
+test_that("reading a known Parquet file to dataframe with 2.0.0", {
+  skip_if_not_available("parquet")
+  skip_if_not_available("snappy")
+  pq_file <- test_path("golden-files/data-arrow_2.0.0.parquet")
+
+  df <- read_parquet(pq_file)
+  # this is equivalent to `expect_identical()`
+  expect_identical_with_metadata(df, example_with_metadata)
+})
+
+test_that("reading a known Parquet file to dataframe with 1.0.1", {
+  skip_if_not_available("parquet")
+  skip_if_not_available("snappy")
+  pq_file <- test_path("golden-files/data-arrow_1.0.1.parquet")
+
+  df <- read_parquet(pq_file)
+  # 1.0.1 didn't save top-level metadata, so we need to remove it.
+  expect_identical_with_metadata(df, example_with_metadata, top_level = FALSE)
+})
+
+for (comp in c("lz4", "uncompressed", "zstd")) {
+  # nolint start
+  # write_feather(example_with_metadata, test_path("golden-files/data-arrow_2.0.0_lz4.feather"), compression = "lz4")
+  # write_feather(example_with_metadata, test_path("golden-files/data-arrow_2.0.0_uncompressed.feather"), compression = "uncompressed")
+  # write_feather(example_with_metadata, test_path("golden-files/data-arrow_2.0.0_zstd.feather"), compression = "zstd")
+  # nolint end
+  test_that("reading a known Feather file to dataframe with 2.0.0", {
+    skip_if_not_available("parquet")
+    skip_if_not_available(comp)
+    feather_file <- test_path(paste0("golden-files/data-arrow_2.0.0_", comp, ".feather"))
+
+    df <- read_feather(feather_file)
+    expect_identical_with_metadata(df, example_with_metadata)
+  })
+
+  test_that("reading a known Feather file to dataframe with 1.0.1", {
+    skip_if_not_available("parquet")
+    skip_if_not_available(comp)
+    feather_file <- test_path(paste0("golden-files/data-arrow_1.0.1_", comp, ".feather"))
+
+    df <- read_feather(feather_file)
+    # 1.0.1 didn't save top-level metadata, so we need to remove it.
+    expect_identical_with_metadata(df, example_with_metadata, top_level = FALSE)
+  })
+
+  test_that("reading a known Feather file to dataframe with 0.17.0", {
+    skip_if_not_available("parquet")
+    skip_if_not_available(comp)
+    feather_file <- test_path(paste0("golden-files/data-arrow_0.17.0_", comp, ".feather"))
+
+    df <- read_feather(feather_file)
+    # the metadata from 0.17.0 doesn't have the top level, the special class is
+    # not maintained and the embedded tibble's attributes are read in a wrong
+    # order. Since this is prior to 1.0.0 punting on checking the attributes
+    # though classes are always checked, so that must be removed before checking.
+    example_with_metadata_sans_special_class <- example_with_metadata
+    example_with_metadata_sans_special_class$a <- unclass(example_with_metadata_sans_special_class$a)
+    expect_equal(df, example_with_metadata_sans_special_class, ignore_attr = TRUE)
+  })
+}
+
+# TODO: streams(?)