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diff --git a/src/arrow/r/tests/testthat/test-python.R b/src/arrow/r/tests/testthat/test-python.R
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+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+test_that("install_pyarrow", {
+  skip_on_cran()
+  skip_if_offline()
+  skip_if_not_dev_mode()
+  # Windows CI machine doesn't pick up the right python or something
+  skip_on_os("windows")
+  skip_if_not_installed("reticulate")
+
+  venv <- try(reticulate::virtualenv_create("arrow-test"))
+  # Bail out if virtualenv isn't available
+  skip_if(inherits(venv, "try-error"))
+  expect_error(install_pyarrow("arrow-test", nightly = TRUE), NA)
+  # Set this up for the following tests
+  reticulate::use_virtualenv("arrow-test")
+})
+
+skip_if_no_pyarrow()
+
+test_that("Array from Python", {
+  pa <- reticulate::import("pyarrow")
+  py <- pa$array(c(1, 2, 3))
+  expect_equal(py, Array$create(c(1, 2, 3)))
+})
+
+test_that("Array to Python", {
+  pa <- reticulate::import("pyarrow", convert = FALSE)
+  r <- Array$create(c(1, 2, 3))
+  py <- pa$concat_arrays(list(r))
+  expect_s3_class(py, "pyarrow.lib.Array")
+  expect_equal(reticulate::py_to_r(py), r)
+})
+
+test_that("RecordBatch to/from Python", {
+  pa <- reticulate::import("pyarrow", convert = FALSE)
+  batch <- record_batch(col1 = c(1, 2, 3), col2 = letters[1:3])
+  py <- reticulate::r_to_py(batch)
+  expect_s3_class(py, "pyarrow.lib.RecordBatch")
+  expect_equal(reticulate::py_to_r(py), batch)
+})
+
+test_that("Table and ChunkedArray from Python", {
+  pa <- reticulate::import("pyarrow", convert = FALSE)
+  batch <- record_batch(col1 = c(1, 2, 3), col2 = letters[1:3])
+  tab <- Table$create(batch, batch)
+  pybatch <- reticulate::r_to_py(batch)
+  pytab <- pa$Table$from_batches(list(pybatch, pybatch))
+  expect_s3_class(pytab, "pyarrow.lib.Table")
+  expect_s3_class(pytab[0], "pyarrow.lib.ChunkedArray")
+  expect_equal(reticulate::py_to_r(pytab[0]), tab$col1)
+  expect_equal(reticulate::py_to_r(pytab), tab)
+})
+
+test_that("Table and ChunkedArray to Python", {
+  batch <- record_batch(col1 = c(1, 2, 3), col2 = letters[1:3])
+  tab <- Table$create(batch, batch)
+
+  pychunked <- reticulate::r_to_py(tab$col1)
+  expect_s3_class(pychunked, "pyarrow.lib.ChunkedArray")
+  expect_equal(reticulate::py_to_r(pychunked), tab$col1)
+
+  pytab <- reticulate::r_to_py(tab)
+  expect_s3_class(pytab, "pyarrow.lib.Table")
+  expect_equal(reticulate::py_to_r(pytab), tab)
+})
+
+test_that("RecordBatch with metadata roundtrip", {
+  batch <- RecordBatch$create(example_with_times)
+  pybatch <- reticulate::r_to_py(batch)
+  expect_s3_class(pybatch, "pyarrow.lib.RecordBatch")
+  expect_equal(reticulate::py_to_r(pybatch), batch)
+  expect_identical(as.data.frame(reticulate::py_to_r(pybatch)), example_with_times)
+})
+
+test_that("Table with metadata roundtrip", {
+  tab <- Table$create(example_with_times)
+  pytab <- reticulate::r_to_py(tab)
+  expect_s3_class(pytab, "pyarrow.lib.Table")
+  expect_equal(reticulate::py_to_r(pytab), tab)
+  expect_identical(as.data.frame(reticulate::py_to_r(pytab)), example_with_times)
+})
+
+test_that("DataType roundtrip", {
+  r <- timestamp("ms", timezone = "Pacific/Marquesas")
+  py <- reticulate::r_to_py(r)
+  expect_s3_class(py, "pyarrow.lib.DataType")
+  expect_equal(reticulate::py_to_r(py), r)
+})
+
+test_that("Field roundtrip", {
+  r <- field("x", time32("s"))
+  py <- reticulate::r_to_py(r)
+  expect_s3_class(py, "pyarrow.lib.Field")
+  expect_equal(reticulate::py_to_r(py), r)
+})
+
+test_that("RecordBatchReader to python", {
+  library(dplyr)
+
+  tab <- Table$create(example_data)
+  scan <- tab %>%
+    select(int, lgl) %>%
+    filter(int > 6) %>%
+    Scanner$create()
+  reader <- scan$ToRecordBatchReader()
+  pyreader <- reticulate::r_to_py(reader)
+  expect_s3_class(pyreader, "pyarrow.lib.RecordBatchReader")
+  pytab <- pyreader$read_all()
+  expect_s3_class(pytab, "pyarrow.lib.Table")
+  back_to_r <- reticulate::py_to_r(pytab)
+  expect_r6_class(back_to_r, "Table")
+  expect_identical(
+    as.data.frame(back_to_r),
+    example_data %>%
+      select(int, lgl) %>%
+      filter(int > 6)
+  )
+})
+
+test_that("RecordBatchReader from python", {
+  tab <- Table$create(example_data)
+  scan <- Scanner$create(tab)
+  reader <- scan$ToRecordBatchReader()
+  pyreader <- reticulate::r_to_py(reader)
+  back_to_r <- reticulate::py_to_r(pyreader)
+  rt_table <- back_to_r$read_table()
+  expect_r6_class(rt_table, "Table")
+  expect_identical(as.data.frame(rt_table), example_data)
+})