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+// Copyright (c) 2011-present, Facebook, Inc. All rights reserved.
+// This source code is licensed under both the GPLv2 (found in the
+// COPYING file in the root directory) and Apache 2.0 License
+// (found in the LICENSE.Apache file in the root directory).
+
+#ifndef GFLAGS
+#include <cstdio>
+int main() {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Please install gflags to run rocksdb tools\n");
+ return 1;
+}
+#else
+
+#include "db/db_impl/db_impl.h"
+#include "db/dbformat.h"
+#include "file/random_access_file_reader.h"
+#include "monitoring/histogram.h"
+#include "rocksdb/db.h"
+#include "rocksdb/file_system.h"
+#include "rocksdb/slice_transform.h"
+#include "rocksdb/system_clock.h"
+#include "rocksdb/table.h"
+#include "table/block_based/block_based_table_factory.h"
+#include "table/get_context.h"
+#include "table/internal_iterator.h"
+#include "table/plain/plain_table_factory.h"
+#include "table/table_builder.h"
+#include "test_util/testharness.h"
+#include "test_util/testutil.h"
+#include "util/gflags_compat.h"
+
+using GFLAGS_NAMESPACE::ParseCommandLineFlags;
+using GFLAGS_NAMESPACE::SetUsageMessage;
+
+namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE {
+
+namespace {
+// Make a key that i determines the first 4 characters and j determines the
+// last 4 characters.
+static std::string MakeKey(int i, int j, bool through_db) {
+ char buf[100];
+ snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%04d__key___%04d", i, j);
+ if (through_db) {
+ return std::string(buf);
+ }
+ // If we directly query table, which operates on internal keys
+ // instead of user keys, we need to add 8 bytes of internal
+ // information (row type etc) to user key to make an internal
+ // key.
+ InternalKey key(std::string(buf), 0, ValueType::kTypeValue);
+ return key.Encode().ToString();
+}
+
+uint64_t Now(SystemClock* clock, bool measured_by_nanosecond) {
+ return measured_by_nanosecond ? clock->NowNanos() : clock->NowMicros();
+}
+} // namespace
+
+// A very simple benchmark that.
+// Create a table with roughly numKey1 * numKey2 keys,
+// where there are numKey1 prefixes of the key, each has numKey2 number of
+// distinguished key, differing in the suffix part.
+// If if_query_empty_keys = false, query the existing keys numKey1 * numKey2
+// times randomly.
+// If if_query_empty_keys = true, query numKey1 * numKey2 random empty keys.
+// Print out the total time.
+// If through_db=true, a full DB will be created and queries will be against
+// it. Otherwise, operations will be directly through table level.
+//
+// If for_terator=true, instead of just query one key each time, it queries
+// a range sharing the same prefix.
+namespace {
+void TableReaderBenchmark(Options& opts, EnvOptions& env_options,
+ ReadOptions& read_options, int num_keys1,
+ int num_keys2, int num_iter, int /*prefix_len*/,
+ bool if_query_empty_keys, bool for_iterator,
+ bool through_db, bool measured_by_nanosecond) {
+ ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::InternalKeyComparator ikc(opts.comparator);
+
+ std::string file_name =
+ test::PerThreadDBPath("rocksdb_table_reader_benchmark");
+ std::string dbname = test::PerThreadDBPath("rocksdb_table_reader_bench_db");
+ WriteOptions wo;
+ Env* env = Env::Default();
+ auto* clock = env->GetSystemClock().get();
+ TableBuilder* tb = nullptr;
+ DB* db = nullptr;
+ Status s;
+ const ImmutableOptions ioptions(opts);
+ const ColumnFamilyOptions cfo(opts);
+ const MutableCFOptions moptions(cfo);
+ std::unique_ptr<WritableFileWriter> file_writer;
+ if (!through_db) {
+ ASSERT_OK(WritableFileWriter::Create(env->GetFileSystem(), file_name,
+ FileOptions(env_options), &file_writer,
+ nullptr));
+
+ IntTblPropCollectorFactories int_tbl_prop_collector_factories;
+
+ int unknown_level = -1;
+ tb = opts.table_factory->NewTableBuilder(
+ TableBuilderOptions(
+ ioptions, moptions, ikc, &int_tbl_prop_collector_factories,
+ CompressionType::kNoCompression, CompressionOptions(),
+ 0 /* column_family_id */, kDefaultColumnFamilyName, unknown_level),
+ file_writer.get());
+ } else {
+ s = DB::Open(opts, dbname, &db);
+ ASSERT_OK(s);
+ ASSERT_TRUE(db != nullptr);
+ }
+ // Populate slightly more than 1M keys
+ for (int i = 0; i < num_keys1; i++) {
+ for (int j = 0; j < num_keys2; j++) {
+ std::string key = MakeKey(i * 2, j, through_db);
+ if (!through_db) {
+ tb->Add(key, key);
+ } else {
+ db->Put(wo, key, key);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ if (!through_db) {
+ tb->Finish();
+ file_writer->Close();
+ } else {
+ db->Flush(FlushOptions());
+ }
+
+ std::unique_ptr<TableReader> table_reader;
+ if (!through_db) {
+ const auto& fs = env->GetFileSystem();
+ FileOptions fopts(env_options);
+
+ std::unique_ptr<FSRandomAccessFile> raf;
+ s = fs->NewRandomAccessFile(file_name, fopts, &raf, nullptr);
+ if (!s.ok()) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Create File Error: %s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ uint64_t file_size;
+ fs->GetFileSize(file_name, fopts.io_options, &file_size, nullptr);
+ std::unique_ptr<RandomAccessFileReader> file_reader(
+ new RandomAccessFileReader(std::move(raf), file_name));
+ s = opts.table_factory->NewTableReader(
+ TableReaderOptions(ioptions, moptions.prefix_extractor, env_options,
+ ikc),
+ std::move(file_reader), file_size, &table_reader);
+ if (!s.ok()) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Open Table Error: %s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ }
+
+ Random rnd(301);
+ std::string result;
+ HistogramImpl hist;
+
+ for (int it = 0; it < num_iter; it++) {
+ for (int i = 0; i < num_keys1; i++) {
+ for (int j = 0; j < num_keys2; j++) {
+ int r1 = rnd.Uniform(num_keys1) * 2;
+ int r2 = rnd.Uniform(num_keys2);
+ if (if_query_empty_keys) {
+ r1++;
+ r2 = num_keys2 * 2 - r2;
+ }
+
+ if (!for_iterator) {
+ // Query one existing key;
+ std::string key = MakeKey(r1, r2, through_db);
+ uint64_t start_time = Now(clock, measured_by_nanosecond);
+ if (!through_db) {
+ PinnableSlice value;
+ MergeContext merge_context;
+ SequenceNumber max_covering_tombstone_seq = 0;
+ GetContext get_context(
+ ioptions.user_comparator, ioptions.merge_operator.get(),
+ ioptions.logger, ioptions.stats, GetContext::kNotFound,
+ Slice(key), &value, /*columns=*/nullptr, /*timestamp=*/nullptr,
+ &merge_context, true, &max_covering_tombstone_seq, clock);
+ s = table_reader->Get(read_options, key, &get_context, nullptr);
+ } else {
+ s = db->Get(read_options, key, &result);
+ }
+ hist.Add(Now(clock, measured_by_nanosecond) - start_time);
+ } else {
+ int r2_len;
+ if (if_query_empty_keys) {
+ r2_len = 0;
+ } else {
+ r2_len = rnd.Uniform(num_keys2) + 1;
+ if (r2_len + r2 > num_keys2) {
+ r2_len = num_keys2 - r2;
+ }
+ }
+ std::string start_key = MakeKey(r1, r2, through_db);
+ std::string end_key = MakeKey(r1, r2 + r2_len, through_db);
+ uint64_t total_time = 0;
+ uint64_t start_time = Now(clock, measured_by_nanosecond);
+ Iterator* iter = nullptr;
+ InternalIterator* iiter = nullptr;
+ if (!through_db) {
+ iiter = table_reader->NewIterator(
+ read_options, /*prefix_extractor=*/nullptr, /*arena=*/nullptr,
+ /*skip_filters=*/false, TableReaderCaller::kUncategorized);
+ } else {
+ iter = db->NewIterator(read_options);
+ }
+ int count = 0;
+ for (through_db ? iter->Seek(start_key) : iiter->Seek(start_key);
+ through_db ? iter->Valid() : iiter->Valid();
+ through_db ? iter->Next() : iiter->Next()) {
+ if (if_query_empty_keys) {
+ break;
+ }
+ // verify key;
+ total_time += Now(clock, measured_by_nanosecond) - start_time;
+ assert(Slice(MakeKey(r1, r2 + count, through_db)) ==
+ (through_db ? iter->key() : iiter->key()));
+ start_time = Now(clock, measured_by_nanosecond);
+ if (++count >= r2_len) {
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ if (count != r2_len) {
+ fprintf(stderr,
+ "Iterator cannot iterate expected number of entries. "
+ "Expected %d but got %d\n",
+ r2_len, count);
+ assert(false);
+ }
+ delete iter;
+ total_time += Now(clock, measured_by_nanosecond) - start_time;
+ hist.Add(total_time);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ fprintf(
+ stderr,
+ "==================================================="
+ "====================================================\n"
+ "InMemoryTableSimpleBenchmark: %20s num_key1: %5d "
+ "num_key2: %5d %10s\n"
+ "==================================================="
+ "===================================================="
+ "\nHistogram (unit: %s): \n%s",
+ opts.table_factory->Name(), num_keys1, num_keys2,
+ for_iterator ? "iterator" : (if_query_empty_keys ? "empty" : "non_empty"),
+ measured_by_nanosecond ? "nanosecond" : "microsecond",
+ hist.ToString().c_str());
+ if (!through_db) {
+ env->DeleteFile(file_name);
+ } else {
+ delete db;
+ db = nullptr;
+ DestroyDB(dbname, opts);
+ }
+}
+} // namespace
+} // namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE
+
+DEFINE_bool(query_empty, false,
+ "query non-existing keys instead of existing ones.");
+DEFINE_int32(num_keys1, 4096, "number of distinguish prefix of keys");
+DEFINE_int32(num_keys2, 512, "number of distinguish keys for each prefix");
+DEFINE_int32(iter, 3, "query non-existing keys instead of existing ones");
+DEFINE_int32(prefix_len, 16, "Prefix length used for iterators and indexes");
+DEFINE_bool(iterator, false, "For test iterator");
+DEFINE_bool(through_db, false,
+ "If enable, a DB instance will be created and the query will be "
+ "against DB. Otherwise, will be directly against a table reader.");
+DEFINE_bool(mmap_read, true, "Whether use mmap read");
+DEFINE_string(table_factory, "block_based",
+ "Table factory to use: `block_based` (default), `plain_table` or "
+ "`cuckoo_hash`.");
+DEFINE_string(time_unit, "microsecond",
+ "The time unit used for measuring performance. User can specify "
+ "`microsecond` (default) or `nanosecond`");
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+ SetUsageMessage(std::string("\nUSAGE:\n") + std::string(argv[0]) +
+ " [OPTIONS]...");
+ ParseCommandLineFlags(&argc, &argv, true);
+
+ std::shared_ptr<ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::TableFactory> tf;
+ ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::Options options;
+ if (FLAGS_prefix_len < 16) {
+ options.prefix_extractor.reset(
+ ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::NewFixedPrefixTransform(FLAGS_prefix_len));
+ }
+ ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::ReadOptions ro;
+ ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::EnvOptions env_options;
+ options.create_if_missing = true;
+ options.compression = ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::CompressionType::kNoCompression;
+
+ if (FLAGS_table_factory == "cuckoo_hash") {
+#ifndef ROCKSDB_LITE
+ options.allow_mmap_reads = FLAGS_mmap_read;
+ env_options.use_mmap_reads = FLAGS_mmap_read;
+ ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::CuckooTableOptions table_options;
+ table_options.hash_table_ratio = 0.75;
+ tf.reset(ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::NewCuckooTableFactory(table_options));
+#else
+ fprintf(stderr, "Plain table is not supported in lite mode\n");
+ exit(1);
+#endif // ROCKSDB_LITE
+ } else if (FLAGS_table_factory == "plain_table") {
+#ifndef ROCKSDB_LITE
+ options.allow_mmap_reads = FLAGS_mmap_read;
+ env_options.use_mmap_reads = FLAGS_mmap_read;
+
+ ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::PlainTableOptions plain_table_options;
+ plain_table_options.user_key_len = 16;
+ plain_table_options.bloom_bits_per_key = (FLAGS_prefix_len == 16) ? 0 : 8;
+ plain_table_options.hash_table_ratio = 0.75;
+
+ tf.reset(new ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::PlainTableFactory(plain_table_options));
+ options.prefix_extractor.reset(
+ ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::NewFixedPrefixTransform(FLAGS_prefix_len));
+#else
+ fprintf(stderr, "Cuckoo table is not supported in lite mode\n");
+ exit(1);
+#endif // ROCKSDB_LITE
+ } else if (FLAGS_table_factory == "block_based") {
+ tf.reset(new ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::BlockBasedTableFactory());
+ } else {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Invalid table type %s\n", FLAGS_table_factory.c_str());
+ }
+
+ if (tf) {
+ // if user provides invalid options, just fall back to microsecond.
+ bool measured_by_nanosecond = FLAGS_time_unit == "nanosecond";
+
+ options.table_factory = tf;
+ ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE::TableReaderBenchmark(
+ options, env_options, ro, FLAGS_num_keys1, FLAGS_num_keys2, FLAGS_iter,
+ FLAGS_prefix_len, FLAGS_query_empty, FLAGS_iterator, FLAGS_through_db,
+ measured_by_nanosecond);
+ } else {
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+#endif // GFLAGS