// -*- mode:C++; tab-width:8; c-basic-offset:2; indent-tabs-mode:t -*- 
// vim: ts=8 sw=2 smarttab
/*
 * Ceph - scalable distributed file system
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2004-2006 Sage Weil <sage@newdream.net>
 *
 * This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License version 2.1, as published by the Free Software 
 * Foundation.  See file COPYING.
 * 
 */

#include <string>
#include <sys/stat.h>

#include "common/ceph_argparse.h"
#include "common/errno.h"
#include "common/safe_io.h"
#include "include/random.h"
#include "mon/health_check.h"
#include <time.h>
#include <algorithm>

#include "global/global_init.h"
#include "osd/OSDMap.h"

using namespace std;

void usage()
{
  cout << " usage: [--print] <mapfilename>" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --create-from-conf      creates an osd map with default configurations" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --createsimple <numosd> [--clobber] [--pg-bits <bitsperosd>] [--pgp-bits <bits>] creates a relatively generic OSD map with <numosd> devices" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --pgp-bits <bits>       pgp_num map attribute will be shifted by <bits>" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --pg-bits <bits>        pg_num map attribute will be shifted by <bits>" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --clobber               allows osdmaptool to overwrite <mapfilename> if it already exists" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --export-crush <file>   write osdmap's crush map to <file>" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --import-crush <file>   replace osdmap's crush map with <file>" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --health                dump health checks" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --test-map-pgs [--pool <poolid>] [--pg_num <pg_num>] [--range-first <first> --range-last <last>] map all pgs" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --test-map-pgs-dump [--pool <poolid>] [--range-first <first> --range-last <last>] map all pgs" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --test-map-pgs-dump-all [--pool <poolid>] [--range-first <first> --range-last <last>] map all pgs to osds" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --mark-up-in            mark osds up and in (but do not persist)" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --mark-out <osdid>      mark an osd as out (but do not persist)" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --mark-up <osdid>       mark an osd as up (but do not persist)" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --mark-in <osdid>       mark an osd as in (but do not persist)" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --with-default-pool     include default pool when creating map" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --clear-temp            clear pg_temp and primary_temp" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --clean-temps           clean pg_temps" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --test-random           do random placements" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --test-map-pg <pgid>    map a pgid to osds" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --test-map-object <objectname> [--pool <poolid>] map an object to osds"
       << std::endl;
  cout << "   --upmap-cleanup <file>  clean up pg_upmap[_items] entries, writing" << std::endl;
  cout << "                           commands to <file> [default: - for stdout]" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --upmap <file>          calculate pg upmap entries to balance pg layout" << std::endl;
  cout << "                           writing commands to <file> [default: - for stdout]" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --upmap-max <max-count> set max upmap entries to calculate [default: 10]" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --upmap-deviation <max-deviation>" << std::endl;
  cout << "                           max deviation from target [default: 5]" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --upmap-pool <poolname> restrict upmap balancing to 1 or more pools" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --upmap-active          Act like an active balancer, keep applying changes until balanced" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --dump <format>         displays the map in plain text when <format> is 'plain', 'json' if specified format is not supported" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --tree                  displays a tree of the map" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --test-crush [--range-first <first> --range-last <last>] map pgs to acting osds" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --adjust-crush-weight <osdid:weight>[,<osdid:weight>,<...>] change <osdid> CRUSH <weight> (but do not persist)" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --save                  write modified osdmap with upmap or crush-adjust changes" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --read <file>           calculate pg upmap entries to balance pg primaries" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --read-pool <poolname>  specify which pool the read balancer should adjust" << std::endl;
  cout << "   --vstart                prefix upmap and read output with './bin/'" << std::endl;
  exit(1);
}

void print_inc_upmaps(const OSDMap::Incremental& pending_inc, int fd, bool vstart, std::string cmd="ceph")
{
  ostringstream ss;
  std::string prefix = "./bin/";
  for (auto& i : pending_inc.old_pg_upmap) {
    if (vstart)
      ss << prefix;
    ss << cmd + " osd rm-pg-upmap " << i << std::endl;
  }
  for (auto& i : pending_inc.new_pg_upmap) {
    if (vstart)
      ss << prefix;
    ss << cmd + " osd pg-upmap " << i.first;
    for (auto osd : i.second) {
      ss << " " << osd;
    }
    ss << std::endl;
  }
  for (auto& i : pending_inc.old_pg_upmap_items) {
    if (vstart)
      ss << prefix;
    ss << cmd + " osd rm-pg-upmap-items " << i << std::endl;
  }
  for (auto& i : pending_inc.new_pg_upmap_items) {
    if (vstart)
      ss << prefix;
    ss << cmd + " osd pg-upmap-items " << i.first;
    for (auto p : i.second) {
      ss << " " << p.first << " " << p.second;
    }
    ss << std::endl;
  }
  for (auto& i : pending_inc.new_pg_upmap_primary) {
    if (vstart)
      ss << prefix;
    ss << cmd +  " osd pg-upmap-primary " << i.first << " " << i.second << std::endl;
  }
  string s = ss.str();
  int r = safe_write(fd, s.c_str(), s.size());
  if (r < 0) {
    cerr << "error writing output: " << cpp_strerror(r) << std::endl;
    exit(1);
  }
}

int main(int argc, const char **argv)
{
  auto args = argv_to_vec(argc, argv);
  if (args.empty()) {
    cerr << argv[0] << ": -h or --help for usage" << std::endl;
    exit(1);
  }
  if (ceph_argparse_need_usage(args)) {
    usage();
    exit(0);
  }

  auto cct = global_init(NULL, args, CEPH_ENTITY_TYPE_CLIENT,
			 CODE_ENVIRONMENT_UTILITY,
			 CINIT_FLAG_NO_DEFAULT_CONFIG_FILE);
  common_init_finish(g_ceph_context);

  const char *me = argv[0];

  std::string fn;
  bool print = false;
  boost::scoped_ptr<Formatter> print_formatter;
  bool tree = false;
  boost::scoped_ptr<Formatter> tree_formatter;
  bool createsimple = false;
  bool createpool = false;
  bool create_from_conf = false;
  int num_osd = 0;
  int pg_bits = 6;
  int pgp_bits = 6;
  bool clobber = false;
  bool modified = false;
  std::string export_crush, import_crush, test_map_pg, test_map_object, adjust_crush_weight;
  bool test_crush = false;
  int range_first = -1;
  int range_last = -1;
  int pool = -1;
  bool mark_up_in = false;
  int marked_out = -1;
  int marked_up = -1;
  int marked_in = -1;
  bool clear_temp = false;
  bool clean_temps = false;
  bool test_map_pgs = false;
  bool test_map_pgs_dump = false;
  bool test_random = false;
  bool upmap_cleanup = false;
  bool upmap = false;
  bool health = false;
  std::string upmap_file = "-";
  int upmap_max = 10;
  int upmap_deviation = 5;
  bool upmap_active = false;
  std::set<std::string> upmap_pools;
  std::random_device::result_type upmap_seed;
  std::random_device::result_type *upmap_p_seed = nullptr;
  bool read = false;
  std::string read_pool;

  int64_t pg_num = -1;
  bool test_map_pgs_dump_all = false;
  bool save = false;
  bool vstart = false;

  std::string val;
  std::ostringstream err;
  for (std::vector<const char*>::iterator i = args.begin(); i != args.end(); ) {
    if (ceph_argparse_double_dash(args, i)) {
      break;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_flag(args, i, "-p", "--print", (char*)NULL)) {
      print = true;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &val, err, "--dump", (char*)NULL)) {
      print = true;
      if (!val.empty() && val != "plain") {
	print_formatter.reset(Formatter::create(val, "", "json"));
      }
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &val, err, "--tree", (char*)NULL)) {
      tree = true;
      if (!val.empty() && val != "plain") {
	tree_formatter.reset(Formatter::create(val, "", "json"));
      }
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &pg_bits, err, "--osd-pg-bits", (char*)NULL)) {
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &pgp_bits, err, "--osd-pgp-bits", (char*)NULL)) {
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &upmap_file, "--upmap-cleanup", (char*)NULL)) {
      upmap_cleanup = true;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &upmap_file, "--upmap", (char*)NULL)) {
      upmap_cleanup = true;
      upmap = true;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &upmap_file, "--read", (char*)NULL)) {
	read = true;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &upmap_max, err, "--upmap-max", (char*)NULL)) {
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &upmap_deviation, err, "--upmap-deviation", (char*)NULL)) {
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, (int *)&upmap_seed, err, "--upmap-seed", (char*)NULL)) {
      upmap_p_seed = &upmap_seed;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &val, "--upmap-pool", (char*)NULL)) {
      upmap_pools.insert(val);
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &val, "--read-pool", (char*)NULL)) {
      read_pool = val;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &num_osd, err, "--createsimple", (char*)NULL)) {
      if (!err.str().empty()) {
	cerr << err.str() << std::endl;
	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
      }
      createsimple = true;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_flag(args, i, "--upmap-active", (char*)NULL)) {
      upmap_active = true;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_flag(args, i, "--health", (char*)NULL)) {
      health = true;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_flag(args, i, "--with-default-pool", (char*)NULL)) {
      createpool = true;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_flag(args, i, "--create-from-conf", (char*)NULL)) {
      create_from_conf = true;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_flag(args, i, "--mark-up-in", (char*)NULL)) {
      mark_up_in = true;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &val, "--mark-out", (char*)NULL)) {
      marked_out = std::stoi(val);
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &val, "--mark-up", (char*)NULL)) {
      marked_up  = std::stod(val);
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &val, "--mark-in", (char*)NULL)) {
      marked_in  = std::stod(val);
    } else if (ceph_argparse_flag(args, i, "--clear-temp", (char*)NULL)) {
      clear_temp = true;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_flag(args, i, "--clean-temps", (char*)NULL)) {
      clean_temps = true;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_flag(args, i, "--test-map-pgs", (char*)NULL)) {
      test_map_pgs = true;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_flag(args, i, "--test-map-pgs-dump", (char*)NULL)) {
      test_map_pgs_dump = true;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_flag(args, i, "--test-map-pgs-dump-all", (char*)NULL)) {
      test_map_pgs_dump_all = true;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_flag(args, i, "--test-random", (char*)NULL)) {
      test_random = true;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_flag(args, i, "--clobber", (char*)NULL)) {
      clobber = true;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &pg_bits, err, "--pg_bits", (char*)NULL)) {
      if (!err.str().empty()) {
	cerr << err.str() << std::endl;
	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
      }
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &pgp_bits, err, "--pgp_bits", (char*)NULL)) {
      if (!err.str().empty()) {
	cerr << err.str() << std::endl;
	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
      }
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &val, "--export_crush", (char*)NULL)) {
      export_crush = val;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &val, "--import_crush", (char*)NULL)) {
      import_crush = val;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &val, "--test_map_pg", (char*)NULL)) {
      test_map_pg = val;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &val, "--test_map_object", (char*)NULL)) {
      test_map_object = val;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_flag(args, i, "--test_crush", (char*)NULL)) {
      test_crush = true;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &val, err, "--pg_num", (char*)NULL)) {
      string interr;
      pg_num = strict_strtoll(val.c_str(), 10, &interr);
      if (interr.length() > 0) {
        cerr << "error parsing integer value " << interr << std::endl;
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
      }
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &range_first, err, "--range_first", (char*)NULL)) {
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &range_last, err, "--range_last", (char*)NULL)) {
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &pool, err, "--pool", (char*)NULL)) {
      if (!err.str().empty()) {
        cerr << err.str() << std::endl;
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
      }
    } else if (ceph_argparse_witharg(args, i, &val, err, "--adjust-crush-weight", (char*)NULL)) {
      adjust_crush_weight = val;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_flag(args, i, "--save", (char*)NULL)) {
      save = true;
    } else if (ceph_argparse_flag(args, i, "--vstart", (char*)NULL)) {
      vstart = true;
    } else {
      ++i;
    }
  }
  if (args.empty()) {
    cerr << me << ": must specify osdmap filename" << std::endl;
    usage();
  }
  else if (args.size() > 1) {
    cerr << me << ": too many arguments" << std::endl;
    usage();
  }
  if (upmap_deviation < 1) {
    cerr << me << ": upmap-deviation must be >= 1" << std::endl;
    usage();
  }
  fn = args[0];

  if (range_first >= 0 && range_last >= 0) {
    set<OSDMap*> maps;
    OSDMap *prev = NULL;
    for (int i=range_first; i <= range_last; i++) {
      ostringstream f;
      f << fn << "/" << i;
      bufferlist bl;
      string error, s = f.str();
      int r = bl.read_file(s.c_str(), &error);
      if (r < 0) {
	cerr << "unable to read " << s << ": " << cpp_strerror(r) << std::endl;
	exit(1);
      }
      cout << s << " got " << bl.length() << " bytes" << std::endl;
      OSDMap *o = new OSDMap;
      o->decode(bl);
      maps.insert(o);
      if (prev)
	OSDMap::dedup(prev, o);
      prev = o;
    }
    exit(0);
  }
  
  OSDMap osdmap;
  bufferlist bl;

  cerr << me << ": osdmap file '" << fn << "'" << std::endl;
  
  int r = 0;
  struct stat st;
  if (!createsimple && !create_from_conf && !clobber) {
    std::string error;
    r = bl.read_file(fn.c_str(), &error);
    if (r == 0) {
      try {
	osdmap.decode(bl);
      }
      catch (const buffer::error &e) {
	cerr << me << ": error decoding osdmap '" << fn << "'" << std::endl;
	return -1;
      }
    }
    else {
      cerr << me << ": couldn't open " << fn << ": " << error << std::endl;
      return -1;
    }
  }
  else if ((createsimple || create_from_conf) && !clobber && ::stat(fn.c_str(), &st) == 0) {
    cerr << me << ": " << fn << " exists, --clobber to overwrite" << std::endl;
    return -1;
  }

  if (createsimple || create_from_conf) {
    if (createsimple) {
      if (num_osd < 1) {
	cerr << me << ": osd count must be > 0" << std::endl;
	exit(1);
      }
    } else {
      num_osd = -1;
    }
    uuid_d fsid;
    if (createpool) {
      osdmap.build_simple_with_pool(
	g_ceph_context, 0, fsid, num_osd, pg_bits, pgp_bits);
    } else {
      osdmap.build_simple(g_ceph_context, 0, fsid, num_osd);
    }
    modified = true;
  }

  if (mark_up_in) {
    cout << "marking all OSDs up and in" << std::endl;
    int n = osdmap.get_max_osd();
    for (int i=0; i<n; i++) {
      osdmap.set_state(i, osdmap.get_state(i) | CEPH_OSD_UP);
      osdmap.set_weight(i, CEPH_OSD_IN);
      if (osdmap.crush->get_item_weight(i) == 0 ) {
        osdmap.crush->adjust_item_weightf(g_ceph_context, i, 1.0);
      }
    }
  }

  if (marked_out >=0 && marked_out < osdmap.get_max_osd()) {
    cout << "marking OSD@" << marked_out << " as out" << std::endl;
    int id = marked_out;
    osdmap.set_state(id, osdmap.get_state(id) | CEPH_OSD_UP);
    osdmap.set_weight(id, CEPH_OSD_OUT);
  }

  if (marked_up >=0 && marked_up < osdmap.get_max_osd()) {
    cout << "marking OSD@" << marked_up << " as up" << std::endl;
    int id = marked_up;
    osdmap.set_state(id, osdmap.get_state(id) | CEPH_OSD_UP);
  }

  if (marked_in >=0 && marked_in < osdmap.get_max_osd()) {
    cout << "marking OSD@" << marked_up << " as up" << std::endl;
    int id = marked_up;
    osdmap.set_weight(id, CEPH_OSD_IN);
  }

  for_each_substr(adjust_crush_weight, ",", [&](auto osd_to_adjust) {
    std::string_view osd_to_weight_delimiter{":"};
    size_t pos = osd_to_adjust.find(osd_to_weight_delimiter);
    if (pos == osd_to_adjust.npos) {
      cerr << me << ": use ':' as separator of osd id and its weight"
	   << std::endl;
      usage();
    }
    int osd_id = std::stoi(string(osd_to_adjust.substr(0, pos)));
    float new_weight = std::stof(string(osd_to_adjust.substr(pos + 1)));
    osdmap.crush->adjust_item_weightf(g_ceph_context, osd_id, new_weight);
    std::cout << "Adjusted osd." << osd_id << " CRUSH weight to " << new_weight
	      << std::endl;
    if (save) {
      OSDMap::Incremental inc;
      inc.fsid = osdmap.get_fsid();
      inc.epoch = osdmap.get_epoch() + 1;
      osdmap.apply_incremental(inc);
      modified = true;
    }
  });

  if (clear_temp) {
    cout << "clearing pg/primary temp" << std::endl;
    osdmap.clear_temp();
  }
  if (clean_temps) {
    cout << "cleaning pg temps" << std::endl;
    OSDMap::Incremental pending_inc(osdmap.get_epoch()+1);
    OSDMap tmpmap;
    tmpmap.deepish_copy_from(osdmap);
    tmpmap.apply_incremental(pending_inc);
    OSDMap::clean_temps(g_ceph_context, osdmap, tmpmap, &pending_inc);
  }
  int upmap_fd = STDOUT_FILENO;
  if (upmap || upmap_cleanup || read) {
    if (upmap_file != "-") {
      upmap_fd = ::open(upmap_file.c_str(), O_CREAT|O_WRONLY|O_TRUNC, 0644);
      if (upmap_fd < 0) {
	cerr << "error opening " << upmap_file << ": " << cpp_strerror(errno)
	     << std::endl;
	exit(1);
      }
      cout << "writing upmap command output to: " << upmap_file << std::endl;
    }
  }
  if (upmap_cleanup) {
    cout << "checking for upmap cleanups" << std::endl;
    OSDMap::Incremental pending_inc(osdmap.get_epoch()+1);
    pending_inc.fsid = osdmap.get_fsid();
    int r = osdmap.clean_pg_upmaps(g_ceph_context, &pending_inc);
    if (r > 0) {
      print_inc_upmaps(pending_inc, upmap_fd, vstart);
      r = osdmap.apply_incremental(pending_inc);
      ceph_assert(r == 0);
    }
  }
  if (read) {
    int64_t pid = osdmap.lookup_pg_pool_name(read_pool);
    if (pid < 0) {
      cerr << " pool " << read_pool << " does not exist" << std::endl;
      exit(1);
    }

    const pg_pool_t* pool = osdmap.get_pg_pool(pid);
    if (! pool->is_replicated()) {
      cerr << read_pool << " is an erasure coded pool; "
	   << "please try again with a replicated pool." << std::endl;
      exit(1);
    }

    OSDMap tmp_osd_map;
    tmp_osd_map.deepish_copy_from(osdmap);

    // Gather BEFORE info
    map<uint64_t,set<pg_t>> pgs_by_osd;
    map<uint64_t,set<pg_t>> prim_pgs_by_osd;
    map<uint64_t,set<pg_t>> acting_prims_by_osd;
    pgs_by_osd = tmp_osd_map.get_pgs_by_osd(g_ceph_context, pid, &prim_pgs_by_osd, &acting_prims_by_osd);
    OSDMap::read_balance_info_t rb_info;
    tmp_osd_map.calc_read_balance_score(g_ceph_context, pid, &rb_info);
    float read_balance_score_before = rb_info.adjusted_score;
    ceph_assert(read_balance_score_before >= 0);

    // Calculate read balancer
    OSDMap::Incremental pending_inc(osdmap.get_epoch()+1);
    int num_changes = osdmap.balance_primaries(g_ceph_context, pid, &pending_inc, tmp_osd_map);

    if (num_changes < 0) {
      cerr << "Error balancing primaries. Rerun with at least --debug-osd=10 for more details." << std::endl;
      exit(1);
    }

    // Gather AFTER info
    map<uint64_t,set<pg_t>> pgs_by_osd_2;
    map<uint64_t,set<pg_t>> prim_pgs_by_osd_2;
    map<uint64_t,set<pg_t>> acting_prims_by_osd_2;
    pgs_by_osd_2 = tmp_osd_map.get_pgs_by_osd(g_ceph_context, pid, &prim_pgs_by_osd_2, &acting_prims_by_osd_2);
    tmp_osd_map.calc_read_balance_score(g_ceph_context, pid, &rb_info);
    float read_balance_score_after = rb_info.adjusted_score;
    ceph_assert(read_balance_score_after >= 0);

    if (num_changes > 0) {
	cout << " \n";
        cout << "---------- BEFORE ------------ \n";
        for (auto & [osd, pgs] : prim_pgs_by_osd) {
	  cout << " osd." << osd << " | primary affinity: " << tmp_osd_map.get_primary_affinityf(osd) << " | number of prims: " << pgs.size() << "\n";
	}
        cout << " \n";
	cout << "read_balance_score of '" << read_pool << "': " << read_balance_score_before << "\n\n\n";

        cout << "---------- AFTER ------------ \n";
        for (auto & [osd, pgs] : prim_pgs_by_osd_2) {
	  cout << " osd." << osd << " | primary affinity: " << tmp_osd_map.get_primary_affinityf(osd) << " | number of prims: " << pgs.size() << "\n";
        }
	cout << " \n";
	cout << "read_balance_score of '" << read_pool << "': " << read_balance_score_after << "\n\n\n";
	cout << "num changes: " << num_changes << "\n";

	print_inc_upmaps(pending_inc, upmap_fd, vstart);
    } else {
      cout << " Unable to find further optimization, or distribution is already perfect\n";
    }
  }
  if (upmap) {
    cout << "upmap, max-count " << upmap_max
	 << ", max deviation " << upmap_deviation
	 << std::endl;
    vector<int64_t> pools;
    set<int64_t> upmap_pool_nums;
    for (auto& s : upmap_pools) {
      int64_t p = osdmap.lookup_pg_pool_name(s);
      if (p < 0) {
	cerr << " pool " << s << " does not exist" << std::endl;
	exit(1);
      }
      pools.push_back(p);
      upmap_pool_nums.insert(p);
    }
    if (!pools.empty()) {
      cout << " limiting to pools " << upmap_pools << " (" << pools << ")"
	   << std::endl;
    } else {
      mempool::osdmap::map<int64_t,pg_pool_t> opools = osdmap.get_pools();
      for (auto& i : opools) {
         pools.push_back(i.first);
      }
    }
    if (pools.empty()) {
      cout << "No pools available" << std::endl;
      goto skip_upmap;
    }
    int rounds = 0;
    struct timespec round_start;
    [[maybe_unused]] int r = clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &round_start);
    assert(r == 0);
    do {
      random_device_t rd;
      std::shuffle(pools.begin(), pools.end(), std::mt19937{rd()});
      cout << "pools ";
      for (auto& i: pools)
        cout << osdmap.get_pool_name(i) << " ";
      cout << std::endl;
      OSDMap::Incremental pending_inc(osdmap.get_epoch()+1);
      pending_inc.fsid = osdmap.get_fsid();
      int total_did = 0;
      int left = upmap_max;
      struct timespec begin, end;
      r = clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &begin);
      assert(r == 0);
      for (auto& i: pools) {
        set<int64_t> one_pool;
        one_pool.insert(i);
        //TODO: Josh: Add a function on the seed for multiple iterations. 
        int did = osdmap.calc_pg_upmaps(
          g_ceph_context, upmap_deviation,
          left, one_pool,
          &pending_inc, upmap_p_seed);
        total_did += did;
        left -= did;
        if (left <= 0)
          break;
        if (upmap_p_seed != nullptr) {
          *upmap_p_seed += 13;
        }
      }
      r = clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &end);
      assert(r == 0);
      cout << "prepared " << total_did << "/" << upmap_max  << " changes" << std::endl;
      float elapsed_time = (end.tv_sec - begin.tv_sec) + 1.0e-9*(end.tv_nsec - begin.tv_nsec);
      if (upmap_active)
        cout << "Time elapsed " << elapsed_time << " secs" << std::endl;
      if (total_did > 0) {
        print_inc_upmaps(pending_inc, upmap_fd, vstart);
        if (save || upmap_active) {
	  int r = osdmap.apply_incremental(pending_inc);
	  ceph_assert(r == 0);
	  if (save)
	    modified = true;
        }
      } else {
        cout << "Unable to find further optimization, "
	     << "or distribution is already perfect"
	     << std::endl;
        if (upmap_active) {
          map<int,set<pg_t>> pgs_by_osd;
          for (auto& i : osdmap.get_pools()) {
            if (!upmap_pool_nums.empty() && !upmap_pool_nums.count(i.first))
              continue;
            for (unsigned ps = 0; ps < i.second.get_pg_num(); ++ps) {
              pg_t pg(ps, i.first);
              vector<int> up;
              osdmap.pg_to_up_acting_osds(pg, &up, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
              //ldout(cct, 20) << __func__ << " " << pg << " up " << up << dendl;
              for (auto osd : up) {
                if (osd != CRUSH_ITEM_NONE)
                  pgs_by_osd[osd].insert(pg);
              }
            }
          }
          for (auto& i : pgs_by_osd)
            cout << "osd." << i.first << " pgs " << i.second.size() << std::endl;
          float elapsed_time = (end.tv_sec - round_start.tv_sec) + 1.0e-9*(end.tv_nsec - round_start.tv_nsec);
          cout << "Total time elapsed " << elapsed_time << " secs, " << rounds << " rounds" << std::endl;
        }
        break;
      }
      ++rounds;
    } while(upmap_active);
  }
skip_upmap:
  if (upmap_file != "-") {
    ::close(upmap_fd);
  }

  if (!import_crush.empty()) {
    bufferlist cbl;
    std::string error;
    r = cbl.read_file(import_crush.c_str(), &error);
    if (r) {
      cerr << me << ": error reading crush map from " << import_crush
	   << ": " << error << std::endl;
      exit(1);
    }

    // validate
    CrushWrapper cw;
    auto p = cbl.cbegin();
    cw.decode(p);

    if (cw.get_max_devices() > osdmap.get_max_osd()) {
      cerr << me << ": crushmap max_devices " << cw.get_max_devices()
	   << " > osdmap max_osd " << osdmap.get_max_osd() << std::endl;
      exit(1);
    }
    
    // apply
    OSDMap::Incremental inc;
    inc.fsid = osdmap.get_fsid();
    inc.epoch = osdmap.get_epoch()+1;
    inc.crush = cbl;
    osdmap.apply_incremental(inc);
    cout << me << ": imported " << cbl.length() << " byte crush map from " << import_crush << std::endl;
    modified = true;
  }

  if (!export_crush.empty()) {
    bufferlist cbl;
    osdmap.crush->encode(cbl, CEPH_FEATURES_SUPPORTED_DEFAULT);
    r = cbl.write_file(export_crush.c_str());
    if (r < 0) {
      cerr << me << ": error writing crush map to " << import_crush << std::endl;
      exit(1);
    }
    cout << me << ": exported crush map to " << export_crush << std::endl;
  }  

  if (!test_map_object.empty()) {
    object_t oid(test_map_object);
    if (pool == -1) {
      cout << me << ": assuming pool 1 (use --pool to override)" << std::endl;
      pool = 1;
    }
    if (!osdmap.have_pg_pool(pool)) {
      cerr << "There is no pool " << pool << std::endl;
      exit(1);
    }
    object_locator_t loc(pool);
    pg_t raw_pgid = osdmap.object_locator_to_pg(oid, loc);
    pg_t pgid = osdmap.raw_pg_to_pg(raw_pgid);
    
    vector<int> acting;
    osdmap.pg_to_acting_osds(pgid, acting);
    cout << " object '" << oid
	 << "' -> " << pgid
	 << " -> " << acting
	 << std::endl;
  }  
  if (!test_map_pg.empty()) {
    pg_t pgid;
    if (!pgid.parse(test_map_pg.c_str())) {
      cerr << me << ": failed to parse pg '" << test_map_pg << std::endl;
      usage();
    }
    cout << " parsed '" << test_map_pg << "' -> " << pgid << std::endl;

    vector<int> raw, up, acting;
    int raw_primary, up_primary, acting_primary;
    osdmap.pg_to_raw_osds(pgid, &raw, &raw_primary);
    osdmap.pg_to_up_acting_osds(pgid, &up, &up_primary,
                                &acting, &acting_primary);
    cout << pgid << " raw (" << raw << ", p" << raw_primary
         << ") up (" << up << ", p" << up_primary
         << ") acting (" << acting << ", p" << acting_primary << ")"
         << std::endl;
  }
  if (test_map_pgs || test_map_pgs_dump || test_map_pgs_dump_all) {
    if (pool != -1 && !osdmap.have_pg_pool(pool)) {
      cerr << "There is no pool " << pool << std::endl;
      exit(1);
    }
    int n = osdmap.get_max_osd();
    vector<int> count(n, 0);
    vector<int> first_count(n, 0);
    vector<int> primary_count(n, 0);
    vector<int> size(30, 0);
    int max_size = 0;
    if (test_random)
      srand(getpid());
    auto& pools = osdmap.get_pools();
    for (auto p = pools.begin(); p != pools.end(); ++p) {
      if (pool != -1 && p->first != pool)
	continue;
      if (pg_num > 0) 
        p->second.set_pg_num(pg_num);
      
      cout << "pool " << p->first
	   << " pg_num " << p->second.get_pg_num() << std::endl;
      for (unsigned i = 0; i < p->second.get_pg_num(); ++i) {
	pg_t pgid = pg_t(i, p->first);

	vector<int> osds, raw, up, acting;
	int primary, calced_primary, up_primary, acting_primary;
	if (test_random) {
	  osds.resize(p->second.size);
	  for (unsigned i=0; i<osds.size(); ++i) {
	    osds[i] = rand() % osdmap.get_max_osd();
	  }
	  primary = osds[0];
	} else if (test_map_pgs_dump_all) {
          osdmap.pg_to_raw_osds(pgid, &raw, &calced_primary);
          osdmap.pg_to_up_acting_osds(pgid, &up, &up_primary,
                                      &acting, &acting_primary);
	  osds = acting;
	  primary = acting_primary;
        } else {
	  osdmap.pg_to_acting_osds(pgid, &osds, &primary);
	}
	size[osds.size()]++;
	if ((unsigned)max_size < osds.size())
	  max_size = osds.size();

	if (test_map_pgs_dump) {
	  cout << pgid << "\t" << osds << "\t" << primary << std::endl;
        } else if (test_map_pgs_dump_all) {
          cout << pgid << " raw (" << raw << ", p" << calced_primary
               << ") up (" << up << ", p" << up_primary
               << ") acting (" << acting << ", p" << acting_primary << ")"
               << std::endl;
        }

	for (unsigned i=0; i<osds.size(); i++) {
	  //cout << " rep " << i << " on " << osds[i] << std::endl;
          if (osds[i] != CRUSH_ITEM_NONE)
            count[osds[i]]++;
	}
	if (osds.size() && osds[0] != CRUSH_ITEM_NONE)
	  first_count[osds[0]]++;
	if (primary >= 0)
	  primary_count[primary]++;
      }
    }

    uint64_t total = 0;
    int in = 0;
    int min_osd = -1;
    int max_osd = -1;
    cout << "#osd\tcount\tfirst\tprimary\tc wt\twt\n";
    for (int i=0; i<n; i++) {
      if (!osdmap.is_in(i))
	continue;
      if (osdmap.crush->get_item_weight(i) <= 0)
	continue;
      in++;
      cout << "osd." << i
	   << "\t" << count[i]
	   << "\t" << first_count[i]
	   << "\t" << primary_count[i]
	   << "\t" << osdmap.crush->get_item_weightf(i)
	   << "\t" << osdmap.get_weightf(i)
	   << std::endl;
      total += count[i];
      if (count[i] &&
	  (min_osd < 0 ||
	   count[i] < count[min_osd]))
	min_osd = i;
      if (count[i] &&
	  (max_osd < 0 ||
	   count[i] > count[max_osd]))
	max_osd = i;

    }
    uint64_t avg = in ? (total / in) : 0;
    double dev = 0;
    for (int i=0; i<n; i++) {
      if (!osdmap.is_in(i))
	continue;
      if (osdmap.crush->get_item_weight(i) <= 0)
	continue;
      dev += (avg - count[i]) * (avg - count[i]);
    }
    dev /= in;
    dev = sqrt(dev);

    //double edev = sqrt(pgavg) * (double)avg / pgavg;
    double edev = sqrt((double)total / (double)in * (1.0 - (1.0 / (double)in)));
    cout << " in " << in << std::endl;
    cout << " avg " << avg
	 << " stddev " << dev
	 << " (" << (dev/avg) << "x)"
	 << " (expected " << edev << " " << (edev/avg) << "x))"
	 << std::endl;

    if (min_osd >= 0)
      cout << " min osd." << min_osd << " " << count[min_osd] << std::endl;
    if (max_osd >= 0)
      cout << " max osd." << max_osd << " " << count[max_osd] << std::endl;

    for (int i=0; i<=max_size; i++) {
      if (size[i])
        cout << "size " << i << "\t" << size[i] << std::endl;
    }
  }
  if (test_crush) {
    int pass = 0;
    while (1) {
      cout << "pass " << ++pass << std::endl;

      ceph::unordered_map<pg_t,vector<int> > m;
      for (map<int64_t,pg_pool_t>::const_iterator p = osdmap.get_pools().begin();
	   p != osdmap.get_pools().end();
	   ++p) {
	const pg_pool_t *pool = osdmap.get_pg_pool(p->first);
	for (ps_t ps = 0; ps < pool->get_pg_num(); ps++) {
	  pg_t pgid(ps, p->first);
	  for (int i=0; i<100; i++) {
	    cout << pgid << " attempt " << i << std::endl;

	    vector<int> r;
	    osdmap.pg_to_acting_osds(pgid, r);
	    //cout << pgid << " " << r << std::endl;
	    if (m.count(pgid)) {
	      if (m[pgid] != r) {
		cout << pgid << " had " << m[pgid] << " now " << r << std::endl;
		ceph_abort();
	      }
	    } else
	      m[pgid] = r;
	  }
	}
      }
    }
  }

  if (!print && !health && !tree && !modified &&
      export_crush.empty() && import_crush.empty() && 
      test_map_pg.empty() && test_map_object.empty() &&
      !test_map_pgs && !test_map_pgs_dump && !test_map_pgs_dump_all &&
      adjust_crush_weight.empty() && !upmap && !upmap_cleanup && !read) {
    cerr << me << ": no action specified?" << std::endl;
    usage();
  }

  if (modified)
    osdmap.inc_epoch();

  if (health) {
    health_check_map_t checks;
    osdmap.check_health(cct.get(), &checks);
    JSONFormatter jf(true);
    jf.dump_object("checks", checks);
    jf.flush(cout);
  }
  if (print) {
    if (print_formatter) {
      print_formatter->open_object_section("osdmap");
      osdmap.dump(print_formatter.get());
      print_formatter->close_section();
      print_formatter->flush(cout);
    } else {
      osdmap.print(cct.get(), cout);
    }
  }

  if (tree) {
    if (tree_formatter) {
      tree_formatter->open_object_section("tree");
      osdmap.print_tree(tree_formatter.get(), NULL);
      tree_formatter->close_section();
      tree_formatter->flush(cout);
      cout << std::endl;
    } else {
      osdmap.print_tree(NULL, &cout);
    }
  }
  if (modified) {
    bl.clear();
    osdmap.encode(bl, CEPH_FEATURES_SUPPORTED_DEFAULT | CEPH_FEATURE_RESERVED);

    // write it out
    cout << me << ": writing epoch " << osdmap.get_epoch()
	 << " to " << fn
	 << std::endl;
    int r = bl.write_file(fn.c_str());
    if (r) {
      cerr << "osdmaptool: error writing to '" << fn << "': "
	   << cpp_strerror(r) << std::endl;
      return 1;
    }
  }
  

  return 0;
}