#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function __metaclass__ = type ''' VMware Inventory Script ======================= Retrieve information about virtual machines from a vCenter server or standalone ESX host. When `group_by=false` (in the INI file), host systems are also returned in addition to VMs. This script will attempt to read configuration from an INI file with the same base filename if present, or `vmware.ini` if not. It is possible to create symlinks to the inventory script to support multiple configurations, e.g.: * `vmware.py` (this script) * `vmware.ini` (default configuration, will be read by `vmware.py`) * `vmware_test.py` (symlink to `vmware.py`) * `vmware_test.ini` (test configuration, will be read by `vmware_test.py`) * `vmware_other.py` (symlink to `vmware.py`, will read `vmware.ini` since no `vmware_other.ini` exists) The path to an INI file may also be specified via the `VMWARE_INI` environment variable, in which case the filename matching rules above will not apply. Host and authentication parameters may be specified via the `VMWARE_HOST`, `VMWARE_USER` and `VMWARE_PASSWORD` environment variables; these options will take precedence over options present in the INI file. An INI file is not required if these options are specified using environment variables. ''' import json import logging import optparse import os import ssl import sys import time from ansible.module_utils.common._collections_compat import MutableMapping from ansible.module_utils.six import integer_types, text_type, string_types from ansible.module_utils.six.moves import configparser # Disable logging message trigged by pSphere/suds. try: from logging import NullHandler except ImportError: from logging import Handler class NullHandler(Handler): def emit(self, record): pass logging.getLogger('psphere').addHandler(NullHandler()) logging.getLogger('suds').addHandler(NullHandler()) from psphere.client import Client from psphere.errors import ObjectNotFoundError from psphere.managedobjects import HostSystem, VirtualMachine, ManagedObject, ClusterComputeResource from suds.sudsobject import Object as SudsObject class VMwareInventory(object): def __init__(self, guests_only=None): self.config = configparser.ConfigParser() if os.environ.get('VMWARE_INI', ''): config_files = [os.environ['VMWARE_INI']] else: config_files = [os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0]).rstrip('.py') + '.ini', 'vmware.ini'] for config_file in config_files: if os.path.exists(config_file): self.config.read(config_file) break # Retrieve only guest VMs, or include host systems? if guests_only is not None: self.guests_only = guests_only elif self.config.has_option('defaults', 'guests_only'): self.guests_only = self.config.getboolean('defaults', 'guests_only') else: self.guests_only = True # Read authentication information from VMware environment variables # (if set), otherwise from INI file. auth_host = os.environ.get('VMWARE_HOST') if not auth_host and self.config.has_option('auth', 'host'): auth_host = self.config.get('auth', 'host') auth_user = os.environ.get('VMWARE_USER') if not auth_user and self.config.has_option('auth', 'user'): auth_user = self.config.get('auth', 'user') auth_password = os.environ.get('VMWARE_PASSWORD') if not auth_password and self.config.has_option('auth', 'password'): auth_password = self.config.get('auth', 'password') sslcheck = os.environ.get('VMWARE_SSLCHECK') if not sslcheck and self.config.has_option('auth', 'sslcheck'): sslcheck = self.config.get('auth', 'sslcheck') if not sslcheck: sslcheck = True else: if sslcheck.lower() in ['no', 'false']: sslcheck = False else: sslcheck = True # Limit the clusters being scanned self.filter_clusters = os.environ.get('VMWARE_CLUSTERS') if not self.filter_clusters and self.config.has_option('defaults', 'clusters'): self.filter_clusters = self.config.get('defaults', 'clusters') if self.filter_clusters: self.filter_clusters = [x.strip() for x in self.filter_clusters.split(',') if x.strip()] # Override certificate checks if not sslcheck: if hasattr(ssl, '_create_unverified_context'): ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context # Create the VMware client connection. self.client = Client(auth_host, auth_user, auth_password) def _put_cache(self, name, value): ''' Saves the value to cache with the name given. ''' if self.config.has_option('defaults', 'cache_dir'): cache_dir = os.path.expanduser(self.config.get('defaults', 'cache_dir')) if not os.path.exists(cache_dir): os.makedirs(cache_dir) cache_file = os.path.join(cache_dir, name) with open(cache_file, 'w') as cache: json.dump(value, cache) def _get_cache(self, name, default=None): ''' Retrieves the value from cache for the given name. ''' if self.config.has_option('defaults', 'cache_dir'): cache_dir = self.config.get('defaults', 'cache_dir') cache_file = os.path.join(cache_dir, name) if os.path.exists(cache_file): if self.config.has_option('defaults', 'cache_max_age'): cache_max_age = self.config.getint('defaults', 'cache_max_age') else: cache_max_age = 0 cache_stat = os.stat(cache_file) if (cache_stat.st_mtime + cache_max_age) >= time.time(): with open(cache_file) as cache: return json.load(cache) return default def _flatten_dict(self, d, parent_key='', sep='_'): ''' Flatten nested dicts by combining keys with a separator. Lists with only string items are included as is; any other lists are discarded. ''' items = [] for k, v in d.items(): if k.startswith('_'): continue new_key = parent_key + sep + k if parent_key else k if isinstance(v, MutableMapping): items.extend(self._flatten_dict(v, new_key, sep).items()) elif isinstance(v, (list, tuple)): if all((isinstance(x, string_types) for x in v)): items.append((new_key, v)) else: items.append((new_key, v)) return dict(items) def _get_obj_info(self, obj, depth=99, seen=None): ''' Recursively build a data structure for the given pSphere object (depth only applies to ManagedObject instances). ''' seen = seen or set() if isinstance(obj, ManagedObject): try: obj_unicode = text_type(getattr(obj, 'name')) except AttributeError: obj_unicode = () if obj in seen: return obj_unicode seen.add(obj) if depth <= 0: return obj_unicode d = {} for attr in dir(obj): if attr.startswith('_'): continue try: val = getattr(obj, attr) obj_info = self._get_obj_info(val, depth - 1, seen) if obj_info != (): d[attr] = obj_info except Exception as e: pass return d elif isinstance(obj, SudsObject): d = {} for key, val in iter(obj): obj_info = self._get_obj_info(val, depth, seen) if obj_info != (): d[key] = obj_info return d elif isinstance(obj, (list, tuple)): l = [] for val in iter(obj): obj_info = self._get_obj_info(val, depth, seen) if obj_info != (): l.append(obj_info) return l elif isinstance(obj, (type(None), bool, float) + string_types + integer_types): return obj else: return () def _get_host_info(self, host, prefix='vmware'): ''' Return a flattened dict with info about the given host system. ''' host_info = { 'name': host.name, } for attr in ('datastore', 'network', 'vm'): try: value = getattr(host, attr) host_info['%ss' % attr] = self._get_obj_info(value, depth=0) except AttributeError: host_info['%ss' % attr] = [] for k, v in self._get_obj_info(host.summary, depth=0).items(): if isinstance(v, MutableMapping): for k2, v2 in v.items(): host_info[k2] = v2 elif k != 'host': host_info[k] = v try: host_info['ipAddress'] = host.config.network.vnic[0].spec.ip.ipAddress except Exception as e: print(e, file=sys.stderr) host_info = self._flatten_dict(host_info, prefix) if ('%s_ipAddress' % prefix) in host_info: host_info['ansible_ssh_host'] = host_info['%s_ipAddress' % prefix] return host_info def _get_vm_info(self, vm, prefix='vmware'): ''' Return a flattened dict with info about the given virtual machine. ''' vm_info = { 'name': vm.name, } for attr in ('datastore', 'network'): try: value = getattr(vm, attr) vm_info['%ss' % attr] = self._get_obj_info(value, depth=0) except AttributeError: vm_info['%ss' % attr] = [] try: vm_info['resourcePool'] = self._get_obj_info(vm.resourcePool, depth=0) except AttributeError: vm_info['resourcePool'] = '' try: vm_info['guestState'] = vm.guest.guestState except AttributeError: vm_info['guestState'] = '' for k, v in self._get_obj_info(vm.summary, depth=0).items(): if isinstance(v, MutableMapping): for k2, v2 in v.items(): if k2 == 'host': k2 = 'hostSystem' vm_info[k2] = v2 elif k != 'vm': vm_info[k] = v vm_info = self._flatten_dict(vm_info, prefix) if ('%s_ipAddress' % prefix) in vm_info: vm_info['ansible_ssh_host'] = vm_info['%s_ipAddress' % prefix] return vm_info def _add_host(self, inv, parent_group, host_name): ''' Add the host to the parent group in the given inventory. ''' p_group = inv.setdefault(parent_group, []) if isinstance(p_group, dict): group_hosts = p_group.setdefault('hosts', []) else: group_hosts = p_group if host_name not in group_hosts: group_hosts.append(host_name) def _add_child(self, inv, parent_group, child_group): ''' Add a child group to a parent group in the given inventory. ''' if parent_group != 'all': p_group = inv.setdefault(parent_group, {}) if not isinstance(p_group, dict): inv[parent_group] = {'hosts': p_group} p_group = inv[parent_group] group_children = p_group.setdefault('children', []) if child_group not in group_children: group_children.append(child_group) inv.setdefault(child_group, []) def get_inventory(self, meta_hostvars=True): # noqa # pylint: disable=too-complex ''' Reads the inventory from cache or VMware API via pSphere. ''' # Use different cache names for guests only vs. all hosts. if self.guests_only: cache_name = '__inventory_guests__' else: cache_name = '__inventory_all__' inv = self._get_cache(cache_name, None) if inv is not None: return inv inv = {'all': {'hosts': []}} if meta_hostvars: inv['_meta'] = {'hostvars': {}} default_group = os.path.basename(sys.argv[0]).rstrip('.py') if not self.guests_only: if self.config.has_option('defaults', 'hw_group'): hw_group = self.config.get('defaults', 'hw_group') else: hw_group = default_group + '_hw' if self.config.has_option('defaults', 'vm_group'): vm_group = self.config.get('defaults', 'vm_group') else: vm_group = default_group + '_vm' if self.config.has_option('defaults', 'prefix_filter'): prefix_filter = self.config.get('defaults', 'prefix_filter') else: prefix_filter = None if self.filter_clusters: # Loop through clusters and find hosts: hosts = [] for cluster in ClusterComputeResource.all(self.client): if cluster.name in self.filter_clusters: for host in cluster.host: hosts.append(host) else: # Get list of all physical hosts hosts = HostSystem.all(self.client) # Loop through physical hosts: for host in hosts: if not self.guests_only: self._add_host(inv, 'all', host.name) self._add_host(inv, hw_group, host.name) host_info = self._get_host_info(host) if meta_hostvars: inv['_meta']['hostvars'][host.name] = host_info self._put_cache(host.name, host_info) # Loop through all VMs on physical host. for vm in host.vm: if prefix_filter: if vm.name.startswith(prefix_filter): continue self._add_host(inv, 'all', vm.name) self._add_host(inv, vm_group, vm.name) vm_info = self._get_vm_info(vm) if meta_hostvars: inv['_meta']['hostvars'][vm.name] = vm_info self._put_cache(vm.name, vm_info) # Group by resource pool. vm_resourcePool = vm_info.get('vmware_resourcePool', None) if vm_resourcePool: self._add_child(inv, vm_group, 'resource_pools') self._add_child(inv, 'resource_pools', vm_resourcePool) self._add_host(inv, vm_resourcePool, vm.name) # Group by datastore. for vm_datastore in vm_info.get('vmware_datastores', []): self._add_child(inv, vm_group, 'datastores') self._add_child(inv, 'datastores', vm_datastore) self._add_host(inv, vm_datastore, vm.name) # Group by network. for vm_network in vm_info.get('vmware_networks', []): self._add_child(inv, vm_group, 'networks') self._add_child(inv, 'networks', vm_network) self._add_host(inv, vm_network, vm.name) # Group by guest OS. vm_guestId = vm_info.get('vmware_guestId', None) if vm_guestId: self._add_child(inv, vm_group, 'guests') self._add_child(inv, 'guests', vm_guestId) self._add_host(inv, vm_guestId, vm.name) # Group all VM templates. vm_template = vm_info.get('vmware_template', False) if vm_template: self._add_child(inv, vm_group, 'templates') self._add_host(inv, 'templates', vm.name) self._put_cache(cache_name, inv) return inv def get_host(self, hostname): ''' Read info about a specific host or VM from cache or VMware API. ''' inv = self._get_cache(hostname, None) if inv is not None: return inv if not self.guests_only: try: host = HostSystem.get(self.client, name=hostname) inv = self._get_host_info(host) except ObjectNotFoundError: pass if inv is None: try: vm = VirtualMachine.get(self.client, name=hostname) inv = self._get_vm_info(vm) except ObjectNotFoundError: pass if inv is not None: self._put_cache(hostname, inv) return inv or {} def main(): parser = optparse.OptionParser() parser.add_option('--list', action='store_true', dest='list', default=False, help='Output inventory groups and hosts') parser.add_option('--host', dest='host', default=None, metavar='HOST', help='Output variables only for the given hostname') # Additional options for use when running the script standalone, but never # used by Ansible. parser.add_option('--pretty', action='store_true', dest='pretty', default=False, help='Output nicely-formatted JSON') parser.add_option('--include-host-systems', action='store_true', dest='include_host_systems', default=False, help='Include host systems in addition to VMs') parser.add_option('--no-meta-hostvars', action='store_false', dest='meta_hostvars', default=True, help='Exclude [\'_meta\'][\'hostvars\'] with --list') options, args = parser.parse_args() if options.include_host_systems: vmware_inventory = VMwareInventory(guests_only=False) else: vmware_inventory = VMwareInventory() if options.host is not None: inventory = vmware_inventory.get_host(options.host) else: inventory = vmware_inventory.get_inventory(options.meta_hostvars) json_kwargs = {} if options.pretty: json_kwargs.update({'indent': 4, 'sort_keys': True}) json.dump(inventory, sys.stdout, **json_kwargs) if __name__ == '__main__': main()