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diff --git a/dracut.html b/dracut.html index 7bf14aa..b288556 100644 --- a/dracut.html +++ b/dracut.html @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> -<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>dracut 102</title><style type="text/css"> +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>dracut 103</title><style type="text/css"> body, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, pre, li, div { line-height: 1.29em; @@ -1117,7 +1117,7 @@ table tr.even td { color: #3c6eb4; } -</style><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /></head><body><div xml:lang="en" class="book" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="idm1"></a>dracut 102</h1></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Harald</span> <span class="surname">Hoyer</span></h3><code class="email"><<a class="email" href="mailto:harald@profian.com">harald@profian.com</a>></code></div></div></div><hr /></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="part"><a href="#_introduction">I. Introduction</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_definition">1. Definition</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_rationale">2. Rationale</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_implementation">3. Implementation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_mount_preparations">4. Mount preparations</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_dracut_on_shutdown">5. Dracut on shutdown</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="part"><a href="#_user_manual">II. User Manual</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_dracut_8">6. DRACUT(8)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_name">NAME</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_description">DESCRIPTION</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_usage">USAGE</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_inspecting_the_contents">Inspecting the Contents</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_adding_dracut_modules">Adding dracut Modules</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_omitting_dracut_modules">Omitting dracut Modules</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_adding_kernel_modules">Adding Kernel Modules</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_boot_parameters">Boot parameters</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#Injecting">Injecting custom Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#NetworkBoot">Network Boot</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#identifying-your-problem-area">Identifying your problem area</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#information-to-include-in-your-report">Information to include in your report</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#debugging-dracut">Debugging dracut</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_options">OPTIONS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_environment">ENVIRONMENT</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_files">FILES</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_configuration_in_the_initramfs">Configuration in the initramfs</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_availability">AVAILABILITY</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_authors">AUTHORS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_see_also">SEE ALSO</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#dracutconf5">7. DRACUT.CONF(5)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_name_2">NAME</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_synopsis_2">SYNOPSIS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_description_2">Description</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_files_2">Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_author">AUTHOR</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_see_also_2">See Also</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#dracutcmdline7">8. DRACUT.CMDLINE(7)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_name_3">NAME</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_description_3">DESCRIPTION</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_standard">Standard</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_iso_scan_filename">iso-scan/filename</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_misc">Misc</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#dracutkerneldebug">Debug</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_i18n">I18N</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_lvm">LVM</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_crypto_luks">crypto LUKS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_crypto_luks_key_on_removable_device_support">crypto LUKS - key on removable device support</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_md_raid">MD RAID</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_dm_raid">DM RAID</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_multipath">MULTIPATH</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_fips">FIPS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_network">Network</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_nfs">NFS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_cifs">CIFS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_iscsi">iSCSI</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_fcoe">FCoE</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_nvmf">NVMf</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_nbd">NBD</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_virtiofs">VIRTIOFS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_dasd">DASD</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_zfcp">ZFCP</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_znet">ZNET</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_booting_live_images">Booting live images</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_zipl">ZIPL</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_cio_ignore">CIO_IGNORE</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_plymouth_boot_splash">Plymouth Boot Splash</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_kernel_keys">Kernel keys</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_deprecated_renamed_options">Deprecated, renamed Options</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_configuration_in_the_initramfs_2">Configuration in the Initramfs</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_author_2">AUTHOR</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_see_also_3">SEE ALSO</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#lsinitrd1">9. LSINITRD(1)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_name_4">NAME</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_synopsis_3">SYNOPSIS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_description_4">DESCRIPTION</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_options_2">OPTIONS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_availability_2">AVAILABILITY</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_authors_2">AUTHORS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_see_also_4">SEE ALSO</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_developer_manual">10. Developer Manual</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#dracutmodules7">11. DRACUT.MODULES(7)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_name_5">NAME</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_description_5">DESCRIPTION</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#stages">Boot Process Stages</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_hook_cmdline">Hook: cmdline</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_hook_pre_udev">Hook: pre-udev</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_start_udev">Start Udev</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_hook_pre_trigger">Hook: pre-trigger</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_trigger_udev">Trigger Udev</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_main_loop">Main Loop</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_hook_pre_mount">Hook: pre-mount</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_hook_mount">Hook: mount</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_hook_pre_pivot">Hook: pre-pivot</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_hook_cleanup">Hook: cleanup</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_cleanup_and_switch_root">Cleanup and switch_root</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_network_infrastructure">Network Infrastructure</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_writing_a_module">Writing a Module</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_module_setup_sh_check">module-setup.sh: check()</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_module_setup_sh_depends">module-setup.sh: depends()</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_module_setup_sh_cmdline">module-setup.sh: cmdline()</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_module_setup_sh_install">module-setup.sh: install()</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_module_setup_sh_installkernel">module-setup.sh: installkernel()</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_anchor_id_creation_xreflabel_creation_creation_functions">Creation Functions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_initramfs_functions">Initramfs Functions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_network_modules">Network Modules</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_author_3">AUTHOR</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_see_also_5">SEE ALSO</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#dracutbootup7">12. DRACUT.BOOTUP(7)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_name_6">NAME</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_description_6">DESCRIPTION</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_author_4">AUTHOR</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_see_also_6">SEE ALSO</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="appendix"><a href="#_license">A. License</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="part"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="_introduction"></a>Part I. Introduction</h1></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_definition">1. Definition</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_rationale">2. Rationale</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_implementation">3. Implementation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_mount_preparations">4. Mount preparations</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_dracut_on_shutdown">5. Dracut on shutdown</a></span></dt></dl></div><p>This section is a modified version of +</style><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /></head><body><div xml:lang="en" class="book" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="idm1"></a>dracut 103</h1></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Harald</span> <span class="surname">Hoyer</span></h3><code class="email"><<a class="email" href="mailto:harald@profian.com">harald@profian.com</a>></code></div></div></div><hr /></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="part"><a href="#_introduction">I. Introduction</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_definition">1. Definition</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_rationale">2. Rationale</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_implementation">3. Implementation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_mount_preparations">4. Mount preparations</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_dracut_on_shutdown">5. Dracut on shutdown</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="part"><a href="#_user_manual">II. User Manual</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_dracut_8">6. DRACUT(8)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_name">NAME</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_description">DESCRIPTION</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_usage">USAGE</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_inspecting_the_contents">Inspecting the Contents</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_adding_dracut_modules">Adding dracut Modules</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_omitting_dracut_modules">Omitting dracut Modules</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_adding_kernel_modules">Adding Kernel Modules</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_boot_parameters">Boot parameters</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#Injecting">Injecting custom Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#NetworkBoot">Network Boot</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#identifying-your-problem-area">Identifying your problem area</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#information-to-include-in-your-report">Information to include in your report</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#debugging-dracut">Debugging dracut</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_options">OPTIONS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_environment">ENVIRONMENT</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_files">FILES</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_configuration_in_the_initramfs">Configuration in the initramfs</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_availability">AVAILABILITY</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_authors">AUTHORS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_see_also">SEE ALSO</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#dracutconf5">7. DRACUT.CONF(5)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_name_2">NAME</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_synopsis_2">SYNOPSIS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_description_2">Description</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_files_2">Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_author">AUTHOR</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_see_also_2">See Also</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#dracutcmdline7">8. DRACUT.CMDLINE(7)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_name_3">NAME</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_description_3">DESCRIPTION</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_standard">Standard</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_iso_scan_filename">iso-scan/filename</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_misc">Misc</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#dracutkerneldebug">Debug</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_i18n">I18N</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_lvm">LVM</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_crypto_luks">crypto LUKS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_crypto_luks_key_on_removable_device_support">crypto LUKS - key on removable device support</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_md_raid">MD RAID</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_dm_raid">DM RAID</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_multipath">MULTIPATH</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_fips">FIPS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_network">Network</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_nfs">NFS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_cifs">CIFS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_iscsi">iSCSI</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_fcoe">FCoE</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_nvmf">NVMf</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_nbd">NBD</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_virtiofs">VIRTIOFS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_dasd">DASD</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_zfcp">ZFCP</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_znet">ZNET</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_booting_live_images">Booting live images</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_zipl">ZIPL</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_cio_ignore">CIO_IGNORE</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_plymouth_boot_splash">Plymouth Boot Splash</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_kernel_keys">Kernel keys</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_deprecated_renamed_options">Deprecated, renamed Options</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_configuration_in_the_initramfs_2">Configuration in the Initramfs</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_author_2">AUTHOR</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_see_also_3">SEE ALSO</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#lsinitrd1">9. LSINITRD(1)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_name_4">NAME</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_synopsis_3">SYNOPSIS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_description_4">DESCRIPTION</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_options_2">OPTIONS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_availability_2">AVAILABILITY</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_authors_2">AUTHORS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_see_also_4">SEE ALSO</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_developer_manual">10. Developer Manual</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#dracutmodules7">11. DRACUT.MODULES(7)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_name_5">NAME</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_description_5">DESCRIPTION</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#stages">Boot Process Stages</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_hook_cmdline">Hook: cmdline</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_hook_pre_udev">Hook: pre-udev</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_start_udev">Start Udev</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_hook_pre_trigger">Hook: pre-trigger</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_trigger_udev">Trigger Udev</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_main_loop">Main Loop</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_hook_pre_mount">Hook: pre-mount</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_hook_mount">Hook: mount</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_hook_pre_pivot">Hook: pre-pivot</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_hook_cleanup">Hook: cleanup</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_cleanup_and_switch_root">Cleanup and switch_root</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_network_infrastructure">Network Infrastructure</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_writing_a_module">Writing a Module</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_module_setup_sh_check">module-setup.sh: check()</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_module_setup_sh_depends">module-setup.sh: depends()</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_module_setup_sh_cmdline">module-setup.sh: cmdline()</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_module_setup_sh_install">module-setup.sh: install()</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_module_setup_sh_installkernel">module-setup.sh: installkernel()</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_anchor_id_creation_xreflabel_creation_creation_functions">Creation Functions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_initramfs_functions">Initramfs Functions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_network_modules">Network Modules</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_author_3">AUTHOR</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_see_also_5">SEE ALSO</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#dracutbootup7">12. DRACUT.BOOTUP(7)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_name_6">NAME</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_description_6">DESCRIPTION</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_author_4">AUTHOR</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_see_also_6">SEE ALSO</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="appendix"><a href="#_license">A. License</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="part"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="_introduction"></a>Part I. Introduction</h1></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_definition">1. Definition</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_rationale">2. Rationale</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_implementation">3. Implementation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_mount_preparations">4. Mount preparations</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_dracut_on_shutdown">5. Dracut on shutdown</a></span></dt></dl></div><p>This section is a modified version of <a class="ulink" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initrd" target="_top">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initrd</a> which is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.</p><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="_definition"></a>Chapter 1. Definition</h2></div></div></div><p>An <span class="emphasis"><em>initial ramdisk</em></span> is a temporary file system used in the boot process of the Linux kernel. <span class="emphasis"><em>initrd</em></span> and <span class="emphasis"><em>initramfs</em></span> refer to slightly different schemes for @@ -1208,27 +1208,26 @@ rotated away. Instead, it is simply emptied and the final root file system mounted over the top.</p><p>If the systemd module is used in the initramfs, the ordering of the services started looks like <a class="xref" href="#dracutbootup7" title="Chapter 12. DRACUT.BOOTUP(7)">Chapter 12, <em>DRACUT.BOOTUP(7)</em></a>.</p></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="_dracut_on_shutdown"></a>Chapter 5. Dracut on shutdown</h2></div></div></div><p>On a systemd driven system, the dracut initramfs is also used for the shutdown procedure.</p><p>The following steps are executed during a shutdown:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"> -systemd switches to the shutdown.target +The system starts to shut down </li><li class="listitem"> -systemd starts - $prefix/lib/systemd/system/shutdown.target.wants/dracut-shutdown.service +``$prefix/lib/systemd/system/sysinit.target.wants/dracut-shutdown.service`` + gets its ``ExecStop`` target triggered. </li><li class="listitem"> -dracut-shutdown.service executes /usr/lib/dracut/dracut-initramfs-restore - which unpacks the initramfs to /run/initramfs -</li><li class="listitem"> -systemd finishes shutdown.target +``dracut-shutdown.service`` executes + ``/usr/lib/dracut/dracut-initramfs-restore`` which unpacks the initramfs to + ``/run/initramfs`` </li><li class="listitem"> systemd kills all processes </li><li class="listitem"> systemd tries to unmount everything and mounts the remaining read-only </li><li class="listitem"> -systemd checks, if there is a /run/initramfs/shutdown executable +systemd checks if there is a ``/run/initramfs/shutdown`` executable </li><li class="listitem"> -if yes, it does a pivot_root to /run/initramfs and executes ./shutdown. - The old root is then mounted on /oldroot. - /usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/99shutdown/shutdown.sh is the shutdown executable. +if yes, it does a pivot_root to ``/run/initramfs`` and executes ``./shutdown``. + The old root is then mounted on ``/oldroot``. + ``/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/99shutdown/shutdown.sh`` is the shutdown executable. </li><li class="listitem"> -shutdown will try to unmount every /oldroot mount and calls the various +shutdown will try to unmount every ``/oldroot`` mount and calls the various shutdown hooks from the dracut modules </li></ul></div><p>This ensures, that all devices are disassembled and unmounted cleanly.</p></div></div><div class="part"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="_user_manual"></a>Part II. User Manual</h1></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_dracut_8">6. DRACUT(8)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_name">NAME</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_description">DESCRIPTION</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_usage">USAGE</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_inspecting_the_contents">Inspecting the Contents</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_adding_dracut_modules">Adding dracut Modules</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_omitting_dracut_modules">Omitting dracut Modules</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_adding_kernel_modules">Adding Kernel Modules</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_boot_parameters">Boot parameters</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#Injecting">Injecting custom Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#NetworkBoot">Network Boot</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#identifying-your-problem-area">Identifying your problem area</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#information-to-include-in-your-report">Information to include in your report</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#debugging-dracut">Debugging dracut</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_options">OPTIONS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_environment">ENVIRONMENT</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_files">FILES</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_configuration_in_the_initramfs">Configuration in the initramfs</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_availability">AVAILABILITY</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_authors">AUTHORS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_see_also">SEE ALSO</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#dracutconf5">7. DRACUT.CONF(5)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_name_2">NAME</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_synopsis_2">SYNOPSIS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_description_2">Description</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_files_2">Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_author">AUTHOR</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_see_also_2">See Also</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#dracutcmdline7">8. DRACUT.CMDLINE(7)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_name_3">NAME</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_description_3">DESCRIPTION</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_standard">Standard</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_iso_scan_filename">iso-scan/filename</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_misc">Misc</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#dracutkerneldebug">Debug</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_i18n">I18N</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_lvm">LVM</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_crypto_luks">crypto LUKS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_crypto_luks_key_on_removable_device_support">crypto LUKS - key on removable device support</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_md_raid">MD RAID</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_dm_raid">DM RAID</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_multipath">MULTIPATH</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_fips">FIPS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_network">Network</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_nfs">NFS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_cifs">CIFS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_iscsi">iSCSI</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_fcoe">FCoE</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_nvmf">NVMf</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_nbd">NBD</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_virtiofs">VIRTIOFS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_dasd">DASD</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_zfcp">ZFCP</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_znet">ZNET</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_booting_live_images">Booting live images</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_zipl">ZIPL</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_cio_ignore">CIO_IGNORE</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_plymouth_boot_splash">Plymouth Boot Splash</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_kernel_keys">Kernel keys</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_deprecated_renamed_options">Deprecated, renamed Options</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_configuration_in_the_initramfs_2">Configuration in the Initramfs</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_author_2">AUTHOR</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_see_also_3">SEE ALSO</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#lsinitrd1">9. LSINITRD(1)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_name_4">NAME</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_synopsis_3">SYNOPSIS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_description_4">DESCRIPTION</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_options_2">OPTIONS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_availability_2">AVAILABILITY</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_authors_2">AUTHORS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_see_also_4">SEE ALSO</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#_developer_manual">10. Developer Manual</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#dracutmodules7">11. DRACUT.MODULES(7)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_name_5">NAME</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_description_5">DESCRIPTION</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#stages">Boot Process Stages</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_hook_cmdline">Hook: cmdline</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_hook_pre_udev">Hook: pre-udev</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_start_udev">Start Udev</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_hook_pre_trigger">Hook: pre-trigger</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_trigger_udev">Trigger Udev</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_main_loop">Main Loop</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_hook_pre_mount">Hook: pre-mount</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_hook_mount">Hook: mount</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_hook_pre_pivot">Hook: pre-pivot</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_hook_cleanup">Hook: cleanup</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_cleanup_and_switch_root">Cleanup and switch_root</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_network_infrastructure">Network Infrastructure</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_writing_a_module">Writing a Module</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_module_setup_sh_check">module-setup.sh: check()</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_module_setup_sh_depends">module-setup.sh: depends()</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_module_setup_sh_cmdline">module-setup.sh: cmdline()</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_module_setup_sh_install">module-setup.sh: install()</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_module_setup_sh_installkernel">module-setup.sh: installkernel()</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_anchor_id_creation_xreflabel_creation_creation_functions">Creation Functions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_initramfs_functions">Initramfs Functions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_network_modules">Network Modules</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_author_3">AUTHOR</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_see_also_5">SEE ALSO</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#dracutbootup7">12. DRACUT.BOOTUP(7)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_name_6">NAME</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_description_6">DESCRIPTION</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_author_4">AUTHOR</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_see_also_6">SEE ALSO</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="appendix"><a href="#_license">A. License</a></span></dt></dl></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="_dracut_8"></a>Chapter 6. DRACUT(8)</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_name">NAME</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_description">DESCRIPTION</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_usage">USAGE</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_inspecting_the_contents">Inspecting the Contents</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_adding_dracut_modules">Adding dracut Modules</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_omitting_dracut_modules">Omitting dracut Modules</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_adding_kernel_modules">Adding Kernel Modules</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_boot_parameters">Boot parameters</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#Injecting">Injecting custom Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#NetworkBoot">Network Boot</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#identifying-your-problem-area">Identifying your problem area</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#information-to-include-in-your-report">Information to include in your report</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#debugging-dracut">Debugging dracut</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_options">OPTIONS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_environment">ENVIRONMENT</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_files">FILES</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_configuration_in_the_initramfs">Configuration in the initramfs</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_availability">AVAILABILITY</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_authors">AUTHORS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#_see_also">SEE ALSO</a></span></dt></dl></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="_name"></a>NAME</h2></div></div></div><p>dracut - low-level tool for generating an initramfs/initrd image</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="_synopsis"></a>SYNOPSIS</h2></div></div></div><p><span class="strong"><strong>dracut</strong></span> [<span class="emphasis"><em>OPTION…</em></span>] [<span class="emphasis"><em><image></em></span> [<span class="emphasis"><em><kernel version></em></span>]]</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="_description"></a>DESCRIPTION</h2></div></div></div><p>Create an initramfs <image> for the kernel with the version <kernel version>. If <kernel version> is omitted, then the version of the actual running @@ -1255,9 +1254,8 @@ the --hostonly or -H option. Using this option, the resulting image will contain only those dracut modules, kernel modules and filesystems, which are needed to boot this specific machine. This has the drawback, that you can’t put the disk on another controller or machine, and that you can’t switch to another -root filesystem, without recreating the initramfs image. The usage of the ---hostonly option is only for experts and you will have to keep the broken -pieces. At least keep a copy of a general purpose image (and corresponding +root filesystem, without recreating the initramfs image. +It is recommended to keep a copy of a general purpose image (and corresponding kernel) as a fallback to rescue your system.</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="_inspecting_the_contents"></a>Inspecting the Contents</h3></div></div></div><p>To see the contents of the image created by dracut, you can use the lsinitrd tool.</p><pre class="screen"># lsinitrd | less</pre><p>To display the contents of a file in the initramfs also use the lsinitrd tool:</p><pre class="screen"># lsinitrd -f /etc/ld.so.conf include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf</pre></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="_adding_dracut_modules"></a>Adding dracut Modules</h3></div></div></div><p>Some dracut modules are turned off by default and have to be activated manually. @@ -1564,7 +1562,8 @@ example:</p><pre class="screen"># dracut --filesystems "filesystem1 filesystem2" example:</p><pre class="screen"># dracut --libdirs "dir1 dir2" ...</pre></div></dd><dt><span class="term"> <span class="strong"><strong>--kernel-cmdline <parameters></strong></span> </span></dt><dd> - Specify default kernel command line parameters. + Specify default kernel command line parameters. Despite its name, + this command only sets initrd parameters. </dd><dt><span class="term"> <span class="strong"><strong>--kernel-only</strong></span> </span></dt><dd> @@ -2299,7 +2298,8 @@ provide a valid <span class="emphasis"><em>/etc/fstab</em></span>.</p></div><div </dd><dt><span class="term"> <span class="strong"><strong>kernel_cmdline=</strong></span>"<span class="emphasis"><em>parameters</em></span>" </span></dt><dd> - Specify default kernel command line parameters. + Specify default kernel command line parameters. Despite + its name, this command only sets initrd parameters. </dd><dt><span class="term"> <span class="strong"><strong>kernel_only=</strong></span>"<span class="emphasis"><em>{yes|no}</em></span>" </span></dt><dd> @@ -2843,8 +2843,8 @@ it, e.g. <code class="literal">rd.luks.name=cccc=mykeys</code>, otherwise it get when not needed anymore.</p></div><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"> <span class="strong"><strong>rd.luks.key.tout=0</strong></span> </span></dt><dd> - specify how many times dracut will try to read the keys specified in in - rd.luk.key. This gives a chance to the removable device containing the key + specify how many times dracut will try to read the keys specified in + rd.luks.key. This gives a chance to the removable device containing the key to initialise. </dd></dl></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="_md_raid"></a>MD RAID</h3></div></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"> <span class="strong"><strong>rd.md=0</strong></span> @@ -3999,7 +3999,7 @@ arguments and sets up the directory, in which everything is installed. It then executes all check, install, installkernel scripts found in the modules, which are to be processed. After everything is installed, the install directory is archived and compressed to the final initramfs image. All helper functions used -by check, install and installkernel are found in in the file <span class="emphasis"><em>dracut-functions</em></span>. +by check, install and installkernel are found in the file <span class="emphasis"><em>dracut-functions</em></span>. These shell functions are available to all module installer (install, installkernel) scripts, without the need to source <span class="emphasis"><em>dracut-functions</em></span>.</p><p>A module can check the preconditions for install and installkernel with the check script. Also dependencies can be expressed with check. If a module passed |