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+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# $File: virtual,v 1.17 2022/08/23 08:00:54 christos Exp $
+# From: James Nobis <quel@quelrod.net>
+# Microsoft hard disk images for:
+# Virtual Server
+# Virtual PC
+# VirtualBox
+# URL: http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/VHD_(Virtual_Hard_Disk)
+# Reference: https://download.microsoft.com/download/f/f/e/ffef50a5-07dd-4cf8-aaa3-442c0673a029/
+# Virtual%20Hard%20Disk%20Format%20Spec_10_18_06.doc
+0 string conectix Microsoft Disk Image, Virtual Server or Virtual PC
+# alternative shorter names
+#0 string conectix Microsoft Virtual Hard Disk image
+#0 string conectix Microsoft Virtual HD image
+!:mime application/x-virtualbox-vhd
+!:ext vhd
+# Features is a bit field used to indicate specific feature support
+#>8 ubelong !0x00000002 \b, Features %#x
+# Reserved. This bit must always be set to 1.
+#>8 ubelong &0x00000002 \b, Reserved %#x
+# File Format Version for the current specification 0x00010000
+#>12 ubelong !0x00010000 \b, Version %#8.8x
+# Data Offset only found 0x200
+#>16 ubequad !0x200 \b, Data Offset %#llx
+#>16 ubequad x \b, at %#llx
+# Dynamic Disk Header cookie like cxsparse
+#>(16.Q) string x "%-.8s"
+# This field contains a Unicode string (UTF-16) of the parent hard disk filename
+#>(16.Q+64) ubequad x \b, parent name %#llx
+# Creator Application
+# vpc~Microsoft Virtual PC, vs~Microsoft Virtual Server, vbox~VirtualBox, d2v~disk2vhd
+>28 string x \b, Creator %-4.4s
+# Creator Version: 0x00010000~Virtual Server 2004, 0x00050000~Virtual PC 2004
+# holds the major/minor version of the application that created the image
+>32 ubeshort x %x
+>34 ubeshort x \b.%x
+#>32 ubelong x \b, Version %#8.8x
+# Creator Host OS: 0x5769326B~Windows (Wi2k), 0x4D616320~Macintosh (Mac)
+>36 ubelong x (
+>>36 ubelong 0x5769326B \bW2k
+>>36 ubelong 0x4D616320 \bMac
+>>36 default x \b0x
+>>>36 ubelong x \b%8.8x
+# creation Time in seconds since 1 Jan 2000 UTC~946684800 sec. since Unix Epoch
+>24 bedate+946684800 x \b) %s
+# Original Size
+#>40 ubequad x \b, o.-Size %#llx
+# Current Size is same as original size, but change when disk is expanded
+#>48 ubequad x \b, Size %#llx
+>48 ubequad x \b, %llu bytes
+# Disk Geometry: cylinder, heads, and sectors/track for hard disk
+#>56 ubeshort x \b, Cylinder %#x
+>56 ubeshort x \b, CHS %u
+# Heads
+#>58 ubyte x \b, Heads %#x
+>58 ubyte x \b/%u
+# Sectors per track
+#>59 ubyte x \b, Sectors %#x
+>59 ubyte x \b/%u
+# Disk Type: 3~Dynamic hard disk
+>60 ubelong !0x3 \b, type %#x
+# Checksum
+#>64 ubelong x \b, cksum %#x
+# universally unique identifier (UUID) to associate a parent with its differencing image
+#>68 ubequad x \b, id %#16.16llx
+#>76 ubequad x \b-%16.16llx
+# Saved State: 1~Saved State
+>84 ubyte !0 \b, State %#x
+# Reserved 427 bytes with nils
+#>85 ubequad !0 \b, Reserved %#16.16llx
+
+# From: Joerg Jenderek
+# URL: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/mt740058.aspx
+# Reference: https://winprotocoldoc.blob.core.windows.net/productionwindowsarchives/
+# MS-VHDX/[MS-VHDX].pdf
+# Note: extends the VHD format with new capabilities, such as a 16TB maximum size
+# TODO: find and display values like virtual size, disk size, cluster_size, etc
+# display id in GUID format
+#
+# VHDX_FILE_IDENTIFIER signature 0x656C696678646876
+0 string vhdxfile
+# VHDX_HEADER signature. 1 header is stored at offset 64KB and the other at 128KB
+>0x10000 string head Microsoft Disk Image eXtended
+#>0x20000 string head \b, 2nd header
+#!:mime application/x-virtualbox-vhdx
+!:ext vhdx
+# Creator[256] like "QEMU v3.0.0", "Microsoft Windows 6.3.9600.18512"
+>>8 lestring16 x \b, by %.256s
+# The Checksum field is a CRC-32C hash over the entire 4 KB structure
+#>>0x10004 ulelong x \b, CRC %#x
+# SequenceNumber
+>>0x10008 ulequad x \b, sequence %#llx
+# FileWriteGuid
+#>>0x10010 ubequad x \b, file id %#llx
+#>>>0x10018 ubequad x \b-%llx
+# DataWriteGuid
+#>>0x10020 ubequad x \b, data id %#llx
+#>>>0x10028 ubequad x \b-%llx
+# LogGuid. If this field is zero, then the log is empty or has no valid entries
+>>0x10030 ubequad >0 \b, log id %#llx
+>>>0x10038 ubequad x \b-%llx
+# LogVersion. If not 0 there is a log to replay
+>>0x10040 uleshort >0 \b, LogVersion %#x
+# Version. This field must be set to 1
+>>0x10042 uleshort !1 \b, Version %#x
+# LogLength must be multiples of 1 MB
+>>0x10044 ulelong/1048576 >1 \b, LogLength %u MB
+# LogOffset (normally 0x100000 when log direct after header); multiples of 1 MB
+>>0x10048 ulequad !0x100000 \b, LogOffset %#llx
+# Log Entry Signature must be 0x65676F6C~loge
+>>(0x10048.q) ulelong !0x65676F6C \b, NO Log Signature
+>>(0x10048.q) ulelong =0x65676F6C \b; LOG
+# Log Entry Checksum
+#>>>(0x10048.q+4) ulelong x \b, Log CRC %#x
+# Log Entry Length must be a multiple of 4 KB
+>>>(0x10048.q+8) ulelong/1024 >4 \b, EntryLength %u KB
+# Log Entry Tail must be a multiple of 4 KB
+#>>>(0x10048.q+12) ulelong x \b, Tail %#x
+# Log Entry SequenceNumber
+#>>>(0x10048.q+16) ulequad x \b, # %#llx
+# Log Entry DescriptorCount may be zero. only 4 bytes in other docs instead 8
+#>>>(0x10048.q+24) ulelong x \b, DescriptorCount %#llx
+# Log Entry Reserved must be set to 0
+>>>(0x10048.q+28) ulelong !0 \b, Reserved %#x
+# Log Entry LogGuid
+#>>>(0x10048.q+32) ubequad x \b, Log id %#llx
+#>>>(0x10048.q+40) ubequad x \b-%llx
+# Log Entry FlushedFileOffset should VHDX size when entry is written.
+#>>>(0x10048.q+48) ulequad x \b, FlushedFileOffset %llu
+# Log Entry LastFileOffset
+#>>>(0x10048.q+56) ulequad x \b, LastFileOffset %llu
+# filling
+#>>>(0x10048.q+64) ulequad >0 \b, filling %llx
+# Reserved[4016]
+#>>0x10050 ulequad >0 \b, Reserved %#llx
+# VHDX_REGION_TABLE_HEADER Signature 0x69676572~regi at offset 192 KB and 256 KB
+>0x30000 ulelong !0x69676572 \b, 1st region INVALID
+>0x30000 ulelong =0x69676572 \b; region
+# region Checksum. CRC-32C hash over the entire 64-KB table
+#>>0x30004 ulelong x \b, CRC %#x
+# The EntryCount specifies number of valid entries; Found 2; This must be =< 2047.
+>>0x30008 ulelong x \b, %u entries
+# reserved must be zero
+#>>0x3000C ulelong !0 \b, RESERVED %#x
+# Region Table Entry starts with identifier for the object. often BAT id
+>>0x30010 use vhdx-id
+# FileOffset
+>>0x30020 ulequad x \b, at %#llx
+# Length. Specifies the length of the object within the file
+#>>0x30028 ulelong x \b, Length %#x
+# 1 means region entry is required. if region not recognized, then REFUSE to load VHDX
+>>0x3002C ulelong x \b, Required %u
+# 2nd region entry often metadata id
+>>0x30030 use vhdx-id
+# 2nd entry FileOffset
+>>0x30040 ulequad x \b, at %#llx
+# 1 means region entry is required. if region not recognized, then REFUSE to load VHDX
+>>0x3004C ulelong x \b, Required %u
+# 2nd region
+>>0x40000 ulelong !0x69676572 \b, 2nd region INVALID
+# check in vhdx images for known id and show names instead hexadecimal
+0 name vhdx-id
+# https://www.windowstricks.in/online-windows-guid-converter
+# 2DC27766-F623-4200-9D64-115E9BFD4A08 BAT GUID
+# 6677C22D23F600429D64115E9BFD4A08 BAT ID
+>0 ubequad =0x6677C22D23F60042
+>>8 ubequad =0x9D64115E9BFD4A08 \b, id BAT
+# no BAT id
+>>8 default x
+>>>0 use vhdx-id-hex
+# 8B7CA206-4790-4B9A-B8FE-575F050F886E Metadata region GUID
+# 06A27C8B90479A4BB8FE575F050F886E Metadata region ID
+>0 ubequad =0x06A27C8B90479A4B
+>>8 ubequad =0xB8FE575F050F886E \b, id Metadata
+# no Metadata id
+>>8 default x
+>>>0 use vhdx-id-hex
+# 2FA54224-CD1B-4876-B211-5DBED83BF4B8 Virtual Disk Size GUID
+# 2442A52F1BCD7648B2115DBED83BF4B8 Virtual Disk Size ID
+# value "virtual size" can be verified by command `qemu-img info `
+>0 ubequad =0x2442A52F1BCD7648
+>>8 ubequad =0xB2115DBED83BF4B8 \b, id vsize
+# no Virtual Disk Size ID
+>>8 default x
+>>>0 use vhdx-id-hex
+# other ids
+>0 default x
+>>0 use vhdx-id-hex
+# in vhdx images show id as hexadecimal
+0 name vhdx-id-hex
+>0 ubequad x \b, ID %#16.16llx
+>8 ubequad x \b-%16.16llx
+#
+# libvirt
+# From: Philipp Hahn <hahn@univention.de>
+0 string LibvirtQemudSave Libvirt QEMU Suspend Image
+>0x10 lelong x \b, version %u
+>0x14 lelong x \b, XML length %u
+>0x18 lelong 1 \b, running
+>0x1c lelong 1 \b, compressed
+
+0 string LibvirtQemudPart Libvirt QEMU partial Suspend Image
+# From: Alex Beregszaszi <alex@fsn.hu>
+0 string/b COWD VMWare3
+>4 byte 3 disk image
+>>32 lelong x (%d/
+>>36 lelong x \b%d/
+>>40 lelong x \b%d)
+>4 byte 2 undoable disk image
+>>32 string >\0 (%s)
+
+0 string/b VMDK VMware4 disk image
+0 string/b KDMV VMware4 disk image
+
+#--------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Qemu Emulator Images
+# Lines written by Friedrich Schwittay (f.schwittay@yousable.de)
+# Updated by Adam Buchbinder (adam.buchbinder@gmail.com)
+# Made by reading sources, reading documentation, and doing trial and error
+# on existing QCOW files
+0 string/b QFI\xFB QEMU QCOW Image
+!:mime application/x-qemu-disk
+
+# Uncomment the following line to display Magic (only used for debugging
+# this magic number)
+#>0 string/b x , Magic: %s
+
+# There are currently 2 Versions: "1" and "2".
+# https://www.gnome.org/~markmc/qcow-image-format-version-1.html
+>4 belong x (v%d)
+
+# Using the existence of the Backing File Offset to determine whether
+# to read Backing File Information
+>>12 belong >0 \b, has backing file (
+# Note that this isn't a null-terminated string; the length is actually
+# (16.L). Assuming a null-terminated string happens to work usually, but it
+# may spew junk until it reaches a \0 in some cases.
+>>>(12.L) string >\0 \bpath %s
+
+# Modification time of the Backing File
+# Really useful if you want to know if your backing
+# file is still usable together with this image
+>>>>20 bedate >0 \b, mtime %s)
+>>>>20 default x \b)
+
+# Size is stored in bytes in a big-endian u64.
+>>24 bequad x \b, %lld bytes
+
+# 1 for AES encryption, 0 for none.
+>>36 belong 1 \b, AES-encrypted
+
+# https://www.gnome.org/~markmc/qcow-image-format.html
+>4 belong 2 (v2)
+# Using the existence of the Backing File Offset to determine whether
+# to read Backing File Information
+>>8 bequad >0 \b, has backing file
+# Note that this isn't a null-terminated string; the length is actually
+# (16.L). Assuming a null-terminated string happens to work usually, but it
+# may spew junk until it reaches a \0 in some cases. Also, since there's no
+# .Q modifier, we just use the bottom four bytes as an offset. Note that if
+# the file is over 4G, and the backing file path is stored after the first 4G,
+# the wrong filename will be printed. (This should be (8.Q), when that syntax
+# is introduced.)
+>>>(12.L) string >\0 (path %s)
+>>24 bequad x \b, %lld bytes
+>>32 belong 1 \b, AES-encrypted
+
+>4 belong 3 (v3)
+# Using the existence of the Backing File Offset to determine whether
+# to read Backing File Information
+>>8 bequad >0 \b, has backing file
+# Note that this isn't a null-terminated string; the length is actually
+# (16.L). Assuming a null-terminated string happens to work usually, but it
+# may spew junk until it reaches a \0 in some cases. Also, since there's no
+# .Q modifier, we just use the bottom four bytes as an offset. Note that if
+# the file is over 4G, and the backing file path is stored after the first 4G,
+# the wrong filename will be printed. (This should be (8.Q), when that syntax
+# is introduced.)
+>>>(12.L) string >\0 (path %s)
+>>24 bequad x \b, %lld bytes
+>>32 belong 1 \b, AES-encrypted
+
+>4 default x (unknown version)
+
+0 string/b QEVM QEMU suspend to disk image
+
+# QEMU QED Image
+# https://wiki.qemu.org/Features/QED/Specification
+0 string/b QED\0 QEMU QED Image
+
+# VDI Image
+# Sun xVM VirtualBox Disk Image
+# From: Richard W.M. Jones <rich@annexia.org>
+# VirtualBox Disk Image
+0x40 ulelong 0xbeda107f VirtualBox Disk Image
+>0x44 uleshort >0 \b, major %u
+>0x46 uleshort >0 \b, minor %u
+>0 string >\0 (%s)
+>368 lequad x \b, %lld bytes
+
+0 string/b Bochs\ Virtual\ HD\ Image Bochs disk image,
+>32 string x type %s,
+>48 string x subtype %s
+
+0 lelong 0x02468ace Bochs Sparse disk image
+