Adding upstream version 124.0.1.upstream/124.0.1

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

24 files changed, 8602 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/third_party/aom/examples/analyzer.cc b/third_party/aom/examples/analyzer.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..501f5024db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/aom/examples/analyzer.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,722 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved
+ *
+ * This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
+ * the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
+ * was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
+ * obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
+ * Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
+ * PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
+ */
+#include <wx/wx.h>
+#include <wx/aboutdlg.h>
+#include <wx/cmdline.h>
+#include <wx/dcbuffer.h>
+
+#include "aom/aom_decoder.h"
+#include "aom/aomdx.h"
+#include "av1/common/av1_common_int.h"
+#include "av1/decoder/accounting.h"
+#include "av1/decoder/inspection.h"
+#include "common/tools_common.h"
+#include "common/video_reader.h"
+
+#define OD_SIGNMASK(a) (-((a) < 0))
+#define OD_FLIPSIGNI(a, b) (((a) + OD_SIGNMASK(b)) ^ OD_SIGNMASK(b))
+#define OD_DIV_ROUND(x, y) (((x) + OD_FLIPSIGNI((y) >> 1, x)) / (y))
+
+enum {
+  OD_LUMA_MASK = 1 << 0,
+  OD_CB_MASK = 1 << 1,
+  OD_CR_MASK = 1 << 2,
+  OD_ALL_MASK = OD_LUMA_MASK | OD_CB_MASK | OD_CR_MASK
+};
+
+class AV1Decoder {
+ private:
+  FILE *input;
+  wxString path;
+
+  AvxVideoReader *reader;
+  const AvxVideoInfo *info;
+
+  insp_frame_data frame_data;
+
+  aom_codec_ctx_t codec;
+  bool show_padding;
+
+ public:
+  aom_image_t *image;
+  int frame;
+
+  int plane_mask;
+
+  AV1Decoder();
+  ~AV1Decoder();
+
+  bool open(const wxString &path);
+  void close();
+  bool step();
+
+  int getWidthPadding() const;
+  int getHeightPadding() const;
+  void togglePadding();
+  int getWidth() const;
+  int getHeight() const;
+
+  bool getAccountingStruct(Accounting **acct);
+  bool setInspectionCallback();
+
+  static void inspect(void *decoder, void *data);
+};
+
+AV1Decoder::AV1Decoder()
+    : reader(NULL), info(NULL), decoder(NULL), show_padding(false), image(NULL),
+      frame(0) {}
+
+AV1Decoder::~AV1Decoder() {}
+
+void AV1Decoder::togglePadding() { show_padding = !show_padding; }
+
+bool AV1Decoder::open(const wxString &path) {
+  reader = aom_video_reader_open(path.mb_str());
+  if (!reader) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open %s for reading.", path.mb_str().data());
+    return false;
+  }
+  this->path = path;
+  info = aom_video_reader_get_info(reader);
+  decoder = get_aom_decoder_by_fourcc(info->codec_fourcc);
+  if (!decoder) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Unknown input codec.");
+    return false;
+  }
+  printf("Using %s\n", aom_codec_iface_name(decoder));
+  if (aom_codec_dec_init(&codec, decoder, NULL, 0)) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Failed to initialize decoder.");
+    return false;
+  }
+  ifd_init(&frame_data, info->frame_width, info->frame_height);
+  setInspectionCallback();
+  return true;
+}
+
+void AV1Decoder::close() {}
+
+bool AV1Decoder::step() {
+  if (aom_video_reader_read_frame(reader)) {
+    size_t frame_size;
+    const unsigned char *frame_data;
+    frame_data = aom_video_reader_get_frame(reader, &frame_size);
+    if (aom_codec_decode(&codec, frame_data, frame_size, NULL)) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "Failed to decode frame.");
+      return false;
+    } else {
+      aom_codec_iter_t iter = NULL;
+      image = aom_codec_get_frame(&codec, &iter);
+      if (image != NULL) {
+        frame++;
+        return true;
+      }
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+int AV1Decoder::getWidth() const {
+  return info->frame_width + 2 * getWidthPadding();
+}
+
+int AV1Decoder::getWidthPadding() const {
+  return show_padding ? AOMMAX(info->frame_width + 16,
+                               ALIGN_POWER_OF_TWO(info->frame_width, 6)) -
+                            info->frame_width
+                      : 0;
+}
+
+int AV1Decoder::getHeight() const {
+  return info->frame_height + 2 * getHeightPadding();
+}
+
+int AV1Decoder::getHeightPadding() const {
+  return show_padding ? AOMMAX(info->frame_height + 16,
+                               ALIGN_POWER_OF_TWO(info->frame_height, 6)) -
+                            info->frame_height
+                      : 0;
+}
+
+bool AV1Decoder::getAccountingStruct(Accounting **accounting) {
+  return aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1_GET_ACCOUNTING, accounting) ==
+         AOM_CODEC_OK;
+}
+
+bool AV1Decoder::setInspectionCallback() {
+  aom_inspect_init ii;
+  ii.inspect_cb = AV1Decoder::inspect;
+  ii.inspect_ctx = (void *)this;
+  return aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1_SET_INSPECTION_CALLBACK, &ii) ==
+         AOM_CODEC_OK;
+}
+
+void AV1Decoder::inspect(void *pbi, void *data) {
+  AV1Decoder *decoder = (AV1Decoder *)data;
+  ifd_inspect(&decoder->frame_data, pbi, 0);
+}
+
+#define MIN_ZOOM (1)
+#define MAX_ZOOM (4)
+
+class AnalyzerPanel : public wxPanel {
+  DECLARE_EVENT_TABLE()
+
+ private:
+  AV1Decoder decoder;
+  const wxString path;
+
+  int zoom;
+  unsigned char *pixels;
+
+  const bool bit_accounting;
+  double *bpp_q3;
+
+  int plane_mask;
+
+  // The display size is the decode size, scaled by the zoom.
+  int getDisplayWidth() const;
+  int getDisplayHeight() const;
+
+  bool updateDisplaySize();
+
+  void computeBitsPerPixel();
+
+ public:
+  AnalyzerPanel(wxWindow *parent, const wxString &path,
+                const bool bit_accounting);
+  ~AnalyzerPanel();
+
+  bool open(const wxString &path);
+  void close();
+  void render();
+  void togglePadding();
+  bool nextFrame();
+  void refresh();
+
+  int getZoom() const;
+  bool setZoom(int zoom);
+
+  void setShowPlane(bool show_plane, int mask);
+
+  void onPaint(wxPaintEvent &event);  // NOLINT
+};
+
+BEGIN_EVENT_TABLE(AnalyzerPanel, wxPanel)
+EVT_PAINT(AnalyzerPanel::onPaint)
+END_EVENT_TABLE()
+
+AnalyzerPanel::AnalyzerPanel(wxWindow *parent, const wxString &path,
+                             const bool bit_accounting)
+    : wxPanel(parent), path(path), zoom(0), pixels(NULL),
+      bit_accounting(bit_accounting), bpp_q3(NULL), plane_mask(OD_ALL_MASK) {}
+
+AnalyzerPanel::~AnalyzerPanel() { close(); }
+
+void AnalyzerPanel::setShowPlane(bool show_plane, int mask) {
+  if (show_plane) {
+    plane_mask |= mask;
+  } else {
+    plane_mask &= ~mask;
+  }
+}
+
+void AnalyzerPanel::render() {
+  aom_image_t *img = decoder.image;
+  const int hbd = !!(img->fmt & AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH);
+  int y_stride = img->stride[0] >> hbd;
+  int cb_stride = img->stride[1] >> hbd;
+  int cr_stride = img->stride[2] >> hbd;
+  int p_stride = 3 * getDisplayWidth();
+  unsigned char *y_row = img->planes[0];
+  unsigned char *cb_row = img->planes[1];
+  unsigned char *cr_row = img->planes[2];
+  uint16_t *y_row16 = reinterpret_cast<uint16_t *>(y_row);
+  uint16_t *cb_row16 = reinterpret_cast<uint16_t *>(cb_row);
+  uint16_t *cr_row16 = reinterpret_cast<uint16_t *>(cr_row);
+  unsigned char *p_row = pixels;
+  int y_width_padding = decoder.getWidthPadding();
+  int cb_width_padding = y_width_padding >> 1;
+  int cr_width_padding = y_width_padding >> 1;
+  int y_height_padding = decoder.getHeightPadding();
+  int cb_height_padding = y_height_padding >> 1;
+  int cr_height_padding = y_height_padding >> 1;
+  for (int j = 0; j < decoder.getHeight(); j++) {
+    unsigned char *y = y_row - y_stride * y_height_padding;
+    unsigned char *cb = cb_row - cb_stride * cb_height_padding;
+    unsigned char *cr = cr_row - cr_stride * cr_height_padding;
+    uint16_t *y16 = y_row16 - y_stride * y_height_padding;
+    uint16_t *cb16 = cb_row16 - cb_stride * cb_height_padding;
+    uint16_t *cr16 = cr_row16 - cr_stride * cr_height_padding;
+    unsigned char *p = p_row;
+    for (int i = 0; i < decoder.getWidth(); i++) {
+      int64_t yval;
+      int64_t cbval;
+      int64_t crval;
+      int pmask;
+      unsigned rval;
+      unsigned gval;
+      unsigned bval;
+      if (hbd) {
+        yval = *(y16 - y_width_padding);
+        cbval = *(cb16 - cb_width_padding);
+        crval = *(cr16 - cr_width_padding);
+      } else {
+        yval = *(y - y_width_padding);
+        cbval = *(cb - cb_width_padding);
+        crval = *(cr - cr_width_padding);
+      }
+      pmask = plane_mask;
+      if (pmask & OD_LUMA_MASK) {
+        yval -= 16;
+      } else {
+        yval = 128;
+      }
+      cbval = ((pmask & OD_CB_MASK) >> 1) * (cbval - 128);
+      crval = ((pmask & OD_CR_MASK) >> 2) * (crval - 128);
+      /*This is intentionally slow and very accurate.*/
+      rval = OD_CLAMPI(
+          0,
+          (int32_t)OD_DIV_ROUND(
+              2916394880000LL * yval + 4490222169144LL * crval, 9745792000LL),
+          65535);
+      gval = OD_CLAMPI(0,
+                       (int32_t)OD_DIV_ROUND(2916394880000LL * yval -
+                                                 534117096223LL * cbval -
+                                                 1334761232047LL * crval,
+                                             9745792000LL),
+                       65535);
+      bval = OD_CLAMPI(
+          0,
+          (int32_t)OD_DIV_ROUND(
+              2916394880000LL * yval + 5290866304968LL * cbval, 9745792000LL),
+          65535);
+      unsigned char *px_row = p;
+      for (int v = 0; v < zoom; v++) {
+        unsigned char *px = px_row;
+        for (int u = 0; u < zoom; u++) {
+          *(px + 0) = (unsigned char)(rval >> 8);
+          *(px + 1) = (unsigned char)(gval >> 8);
+          *(px + 2) = (unsigned char)(bval >> 8);
+          px += 3;
+        }
+        px_row += p_stride;
+      }
+      if (hbd) {
+        int dc = ((y16 - y_row16) & 1) | (1 - img->x_chroma_shift);
+        y16++;
+        cb16 += dc;
+        cr16 += dc;
+      } else {
+        int dc = ((y - y_row) & 1) | (1 - img->x_chroma_shift);
+        y++;
+        cb += dc;
+        cr += dc;
+      }
+      p += zoom * 3;
+    }
+    int dc = -((j & 1) | (1 - img->y_chroma_shift));
+    if (hbd) {
+      y_row16 += y_stride;
+      cb_row16 += dc & cb_stride;
+      cr_row16 += dc & cr_stride;
+    } else {
+      y_row += y_stride;
+      cb_row += dc & cb_stride;
+      cr_row += dc & cr_stride;
+    }
+    p_row += zoom * p_stride;
+  }
+}
+
+void AnalyzerPanel::computeBitsPerPixel() {
+  Accounting *acct;
+  double bpp_total;
+  int totals_q3[MAX_SYMBOL_TYPES] = { 0 };
+  int sym_count[MAX_SYMBOL_TYPES] = { 0 };
+  decoder.getAccountingStruct(&acct);
+  for (int j = 0; j < decoder.getHeight(); j++) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < decoder.getWidth(); i++) {
+      bpp_q3[j * decoder.getWidth() + i] = 0.0;
+    }
+  }
+  bpp_total = 0;
+  for (int i = 0; i < acct->syms.num_syms; i++) {
+    AccountingSymbol *s;
+    s = &acct->syms.syms[i];
+    totals_q3[s->id] += s->bits;
+    sym_count[s->id] += s->samples;
+  }
+  printf("=== Frame: %-3i ===\n", decoder.frame - 1);
+  for (int i = 0; i < acct->syms.dictionary.num_strs; i++) {
+    if (totals_q3[i]) {
+      printf("%30s = %10.3f (%f bit/symbol)\n", acct->syms.dictionary.strs[i],
+             (float)totals_q3[i] / 8, (float)totals_q3[i] / 8 / sym_count[i]);
+    }
+  }
+  printf("\n");
+}
+
+void AnalyzerPanel::togglePadding() {
+  decoder.togglePadding();
+  updateDisplaySize();
+}
+
+bool AnalyzerPanel::nextFrame() {
+  if (decoder.step()) {
+    refresh();
+    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+void AnalyzerPanel::refresh() {
+  if (bit_accounting) {
+    computeBitsPerPixel();
+  }
+  render();
+}
+
+int AnalyzerPanel::getDisplayWidth() const { return zoom * decoder.getWidth(); }
+
+int AnalyzerPanel::getDisplayHeight() const {
+  return zoom * decoder.getHeight();
+}
+
+bool AnalyzerPanel::updateDisplaySize() {
+  unsigned char *p = (unsigned char *)malloc(
+      sizeof(*p) * 3 * getDisplayWidth() * getDisplayHeight());
+  if (p == NULL) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  free(pixels);
+  pixels = p;
+  SetSize(getDisplayWidth(), getDisplayHeight());
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool AnalyzerPanel::open(const wxString &path) {
+  if (!decoder.open(path)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (!setZoom(MIN_ZOOM)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (bit_accounting) {
+    bpp_q3 = (double *)malloc(sizeof(*bpp_q3) * decoder.getWidth() *
+                              decoder.getHeight());
+    if (bpp_q3 == NULL) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate memory for bit accounting\n");
+      close();
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+  if (!nextFrame()) {
+    close();
+    return false;
+  }
+  SetFocus();
+  return true;
+}
+
+void AnalyzerPanel::close() {
+  decoder.close();
+  free(pixels);
+  pixels = NULL;
+  free(bpp_q3);
+  bpp_q3 = NULL;
+}
+
+int AnalyzerPanel::getZoom() const { return zoom; }
+
+bool AnalyzerPanel::setZoom(int z) {
+  if (z <= MAX_ZOOM && z >= MIN_ZOOM && zoom != z) {
+    int old_zoom = zoom;
+    zoom = z;
+    if (!updateDisplaySize()) {
+      zoom = old_zoom;
+      return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+void AnalyzerPanel::onPaint(wxPaintEvent &) {
+  wxBitmap bmp(wxImage(getDisplayWidth(), getDisplayHeight(), pixels, true));
+  wxBufferedPaintDC dc(this, bmp);
+}
+
+class AnalyzerFrame : public wxFrame {
+  DECLARE_EVENT_TABLE()
+
+ private:
+  AnalyzerPanel *panel;
+  const bool bit_accounting;
+
+  wxMenu *fileMenu;
+  wxMenu *viewMenu;
+  wxMenu *playbackMenu;
+
+ public:
+  AnalyzerFrame(const bool bit_accounting);  // NOLINT
+
+  void onOpen(wxCommandEvent &event);   // NOLINT
+  void onClose(wxCommandEvent &event);  // NOLINT
+  void onQuit(wxCommandEvent &event);   // NOLINT
+
+  void onTogglePadding(wxCommandEvent &event);  // NOLINT
+  void onZoomIn(wxCommandEvent &event);         // NOLINT
+  void onZoomOut(wxCommandEvent &event);        // NOLINT
+  void onActualSize(wxCommandEvent &event);     // NOLINT
+
+  void onToggleViewMenuCheckBox(wxCommandEvent &event);          // NOLINT
+  void onResetAndToggleViewMenuCheckBox(wxCommandEvent &event);  // NOLINT
+
+  void onNextFrame(wxCommandEvent &event);  // NOLINT
+  void onGotoFrame(wxCommandEvent &event);  // NOLINT
+  void onRestart(wxCommandEvent &event);    // NOLINT
+
+  void onAbout(wxCommandEvent &event);  // NOLINT
+
+  bool open(const wxString &path);
+  bool setZoom(int zoom);
+  void updateViewMenu();
+};
+
+enum {
+  wxID_NEXT_FRAME = 6000,
+  wxID_SHOW_Y,
+  wxID_SHOW_U,
+  wxID_SHOW_V,
+  wxID_GOTO_FRAME,
+  wxID_RESTART,
+  wxID_ACTUAL_SIZE,
+  wxID_PADDING
+};
+
+BEGIN_EVENT_TABLE(AnalyzerFrame, wxFrame)
+EVT_MENU(wxID_OPEN, AnalyzerFrame::onOpen)
+EVT_MENU(wxID_CLOSE, AnalyzerFrame::onClose)
+EVT_MENU(wxID_EXIT, AnalyzerFrame::onQuit)
+EVT_MENU(wxID_PADDING, AnalyzerFrame::onTogglePadding)
+EVT_MENU(wxID_ZOOM_IN, AnalyzerFrame::onZoomIn)
+EVT_MENU(wxID_ZOOM_OUT, AnalyzerFrame::onZoomOut)
+EVT_MENU(wxID_ACTUAL_SIZE, AnalyzerFrame::onActualSize)
+EVT_MENU(wxID_SHOW_Y, AnalyzerFrame::onResetAndToggleViewMenuCheckBox)
+EVT_MENU(wxID_SHOW_U, AnalyzerFrame::onResetAndToggleViewMenuCheckBox)
+EVT_MENU(wxID_SHOW_V, AnalyzerFrame::onResetAndToggleViewMenuCheckBox)
+EVT_MENU(wxID_NEXT_FRAME, AnalyzerFrame::onNextFrame)
+EVT_MENU(wxID_GOTO_FRAME, AnalyzerFrame::onGotoFrame)
+EVT_MENU(wxID_RESTART, AnalyzerFrame::onRestart)
+EVT_MENU(wxID_ABOUT, AnalyzerFrame::onAbout)
+END_EVENT_TABLE()
+
+AnalyzerFrame::AnalyzerFrame(const bool bit_accounting)
+    : wxFrame(NULL, wxID_ANY, _("AV1 Stream Analyzer"), wxDefaultPosition,
+              wxDefaultSize, wxDEFAULT_FRAME_STYLE),
+      panel(NULL), bit_accounting(bit_accounting) {
+  wxMenuBar *mb = new wxMenuBar();
+
+  fileMenu = new wxMenu();
+  fileMenu->Append(wxID_OPEN, _("&Open...\tCtrl-O"), _("Open AV1 file"));
+  fileMenu->Append(wxID_CLOSE, _("&Close\tCtrl-W"), _("Close AV1 file"));
+  fileMenu->Enable(wxID_CLOSE, false);
+  fileMenu->Append(wxID_EXIT, _("E&xit\tCtrl-Q"), _("Quit this program"));
+  mb->Append(fileMenu, _("&File"));
+
+  wxAcceleratorEntry entries[2];
+  entries[0].Set(wxACCEL_CTRL, (int)'=', wxID_ZOOM_IN);
+  entries[1].Set(wxACCEL_CTRL | wxACCEL_SHIFT, (int)'-', wxID_ZOOM_OUT);
+  wxAcceleratorTable accel(2, entries);
+  this->SetAcceleratorTable(accel);
+
+  viewMenu = new wxMenu();
+  +viewMenu->Append(wxID_PADDING, _("Toggle padding\tCtrl-p"),
+                    _("Show padding"));
+  viewMenu->Append(wxID_ZOOM_IN, _("Zoom-In\tCtrl-+"), _("Double image size"));
+  viewMenu->Append(wxID_ZOOM_OUT, _("Zoom-Out\tCtrl--"), _("Half image size"));
+  viewMenu->Append(wxID_ACTUAL_SIZE, _("Actual size\tCtrl-0"),
+                   _("Actual size of the frame"));
+  viewMenu->AppendSeparator();
+  viewMenu->AppendCheckItem(wxID_SHOW_Y, _("&Y plane\tCtrl-Y"),
+                            _("Show Y plane"));
+  viewMenu->AppendCheckItem(wxID_SHOW_U, _("&U plane\tCtrl-U"),
+                            _("Show U plane"));
+  viewMenu->AppendCheckItem(wxID_SHOW_V, _("&V plane\tCtrl-V"),
+                            _("Show V plane"));
+  mb->Append(viewMenu, _("&View"));
+
+  playbackMenu = new wxMenu();
+  playbackMenu->Append(wxID_NEXT_FRAME, _("Next frame\tCtrl-."),
+                       _("Go to next frame"));
+  /*playbackMenu->Append(wxID_RESTART, _("&Restart\tCtrl-R"),
+                       _("Set video to frame 0"));
+  playbackMenu->Append(wxID_GOTO_FRAME, _("Jump to Frame\tCtrl-J"),
+                       _("Go to frame number"));*/
+  mb->Append(playbackMenu, _("&Playback"));
+
+  wxMenu *helpMenu = new wxMenu();
+  helpMenu->Append(wxID_ABOUT, _("&About...\tF1"), _("Show about dialog"));
+  mb->Append(helpMenu, _("&Help"));
+
+  SetMenuBar(mb);
+
+  CreateStatusBar(1);
+}
+
+void AnalyzerFrame::onOpen(wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED(event)) {
+  wxFileDialog openFileDialog(this, _("Open file"), wxEmptyString,
+                              wxEmptyString, _("AV1 files (*.ivf)|*.ivf"),
+                              wxFD_OPEN | wxFD_FILE_MUST_EXIST);
+  if (openFileDialog.ShowModal() != wxID_CANCEL) {
+    open(openFileDialog.GetPath());
+  }
+}
+
+void AnalyzerFrame::onClose(wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED(event)) {}
+
+void AnalyzerFrame::onQuit(wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED(event)) { Close(true); }
+
+void AnalyzerFrame::onTogglePadding(wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED(event)) {
+  panel->togglePadding();
+  SetClientSize(panel->GetSize());
+  panel->render();
+  panel->Refresh();
+}
+
+void AnalyzerFrame::onZoomIn(wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED(event)) {
+  setZoom(panel->getZoom() + 1);
+}
+
+void AnalyzerFrame::onZoomOut(wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED(event)) {
+  setZoom(panel->getZoom() - 1);
+}
+
+void AnalyzerFrame::onActualSize(wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED(event)) {
+  setZoom(MIN_ZOOM);
+}
+
+void AnalyzerFrame::onToggleViewMenuCheckBox(wxCommandEvent &event) {  // NOLINT
+  GetMenuBar()->Check(event.GetId(), event.IsChecked());
+  updateViewMenu();
+}
+
+void AnalyzerFrame::onResetAndToggleViewMenuCheckBox(
+    wxCommandEvent &event) {  // NOLINT
+  int id = event.GetId();
+  if (id != wxID_SHOW_Y && id != wxID_SHOW_U && id != wxID_SHOW_V) {
+    GetMenuBar()->Check(wxID_SHOW_Y, true);
+    GetMenuBar()->Check(wxID_SHOW_U, true);
+    GetMenuBar()->Check(wxID_SHOW_V, true);
+  }
+  onToggleViewMenuCheckBox(event);
+}
+
+void AnalyzerFrame::onNextFrame(wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED(event)) {
+  panel->nextFrame();
+  panel->Refresh(false);
+}
+
+void AnalyzerFrame::onGotoFrame(wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED(event)) {}
+
+void AnalyzerFrame::onRestart(wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED(event)) {}
+
+void AnalyzerFrame::onAbout(wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED(event)) {
+  wxAboutDialogInfo info;
+  info.SetName(_("AV1 Bitstream Analyzer"));
+  info.SetVersion(_("0.1-beta"));
+  info.SetDescription(
+      _("This program implements a bitstream analyzer for AV1"));
+  info.SetCopyright(
+      wxT("(C) 2017 Alliance for Open Media <negge@mozilla.com>"));
+  wxAboutBox(info);
+}
+
+bool AnalyzerFrame::open(const wxString &path) {
+  panel = new AnalyzerPanel(this, path, bit_accounting);
+  if (panel->open(path)) {
+    SetClientSize(panel->GetSize());
+    return true;
+  } else {
+    delete panel;
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
+bool AnalyzerFrame::setZoom(int zoom) {
+  if (panel->setZoom(zoom)) {
+    GetMenuBar()->Enable(wxID_ACTUAL_SIZE, zoom != MIN_ZOOM);
+    GetMenuBar()->Enable(wxID_ZOOM_IN, zoom != MAX_ZOOM);
+    GetMenuBar()->Enable(wxID_ZOOM_OUT, zoom != MIN_ZOOM);
+    SetClientSize(panel->GetSize());
+    panel->render();
+    panel->Refresh();
+    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+void AnalyzerFrame::updateViewMenu() {
+  panel->setShowPlane(GetMenuBar()->IsChecked(wxID_SHOW_Y), OD_LUMA_MASK);
+  panel->setShowPlane(GetMenuBar()->IsChecked(wxID_SHOW_U), OD_CB_MASK);
+  panel->setShowPlane(GetMenuBar()->IsChecked(wxID_SHOW_V), OD_CR_MASK);
+  SetClientSize(panel->GetSize());
+  panel->render();
+  panel->Refresh(false);
+}
+
+class Analyzer : public wxApp {
+ private:
+  AnalyzerFrame *frame;
+
+ public:
+  void OnInitCmdLine(wxCmdLineParser &parser);    // NOLINT
+  bool OnCmdLineParsed(wxCmdLineParser &parser);  // NOLINT
+};
+
+static const wxCmdLineEntryDesc CMD_LINE_DESC[] = {
+  { wxCMD_LINE_SWITCH, _("h"), _("help"), _("Display this help and exit."),
+    wxCMD_LINE_VAL_NONE, wxCMD_LINE_OPTION_HELP },
+  { wxCMD_LINE_SWITCH, _("a"), _("bit-accounting"), _("Enable bit accounting"),
+    wxCMD_LINE_VAL_NONE, wxCMD_LINE_PARAM_OPTIONAL },
+  { wxCMD_LINE_PARAM, NULL, NULL, _("input.ivf"), wxCMD_LINE_VAL_STRING,
+    wxCMD_LINE_PARAM_OPTIONAL },
+  { wxCMD_LINE_NONE }
+};
+
+void Analyzer::OnInitCmdLine(wxCmdLineParser &parser) {  // NOLINT
+  parser.SetDesc(CMD_LINE_DESC);
+  parser.SetSwitchChars(_("-"));
+}
+
+bool Analyzer::OnCmdLineParsed(wxCmdLineParser &parser) {  // NOLINT
+  bool bit_accounting = parser.Found(_("a"));
+  if (bit_accounting && !CONFIG_ACCOUNTING) {
+    fprintf(stderr,
+            "Bit accounting support not found. "
+            "Recompile with:\n./cmake -DCONFIG_ACCOUNTING=1\n");
+    return false;
+  }
+  frame = new AnalyzerFrame(parser.Found(_("a")));
+  frame->Show();
+  if (parser.GetParamCount() > 0) {
+    return frame->open(parser.GetParam(0));
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+void usage_exit(void) {
+  fprintf(stderr, "uhh\n");
+  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+IMPLEMENT_APP(Analyzer)
diff --git a/third_party/aom/examples/aom_cx_set_ref.c b/third_party/aom/examples/aom_cx_set_ref.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b7fb7bce45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/aom/examples/aom_cx_set_ref.c
@@ -0,0 +1,392 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved
+ *
+ * This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
+ * the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
+ * was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
+ * obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
+ * Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
+ * PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
+ */
+
+// AV1 Set Reference Frame
+// ============================
+//
+// This is an example demonstrating how to overwrite the AV1 encoder's
+// internal reference frame. In the sample we set the last frame to the
+// current frame. This technique could be used to bounce between two cameras.
+//
+// The decoder would also have to set the reference frame to the same value
+// on the same frame, or the video will become corrupt. The 'test_decode'
+// variable is set to 1 in this example that tests if the encoder and decoder
+// results are matching.
+//
+// Usage
+// -----
+// This example encodes a raw video. And the last argument passed in specifies
+// the frame number to update the reference frame on. For example, run
+// examples/aom_cx_set_ref av1 352 288 in.yuv out.ivf 4 30
+// The parameter is parsed as follows:
+//
+//
+// Extra Variables
+// ---------------
+// This example maintains the frame number passed on the command line
+// in the `update_frame_num` variable.
+//
+//
+// Configuration
+// -------------
+//
+// The reference frame is updated on the frame specified on the command
+// line.
+//
+// Observing The Effects
+// ---------------------
+// The encoder and decoder results should be matching when the same reference
+// frame setting operation is done in both encoder and decoder. Otherwise,
+// the encoder/decoder mismatch would be seen.
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "aom/aom_decoder.h"
+#include "aom/aom_encoder.h"
+#include "aom/aomcx.h"
+#include "aom_scale/yv12config.h"
+#include "common/tools_common.h"
+#include "common/video_writer.h"
+#include "examples/encoder_util.h"
+
+static const char *exec_name;
+
+void usage_exit(void) {
+  fprintf(stderr,
+          "Usage: %s <codec> <width> <height> <infile> <outfile> "
+          "<frame> <limit(optional)>\n",
+          exec_name);
+  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+static void testing_decode(aom_codec_ctx_t *encoder, aom_codec_ctx_t *decoder,
+                           unsigned int frame_out, int *mismatch_seen) {
+  aom_image_t enc_img, dec_img;
+
+  if (*mismatch_seen) return;
+
+  /* Get the internal reference frame */
+  if (aom_codec_control(encoder, AV1_GET_NEW_FRAME_IMAGE, &enc_img))
+    die_codec(encoder, "Failed to get encoder reference frame");
+  if (aom_codec_control(decoder, AV1_GET_NEW_FRAME_IMAGE, &dec_img))
+    die_codec(decoder, "Failed to get decoder reference frame");
+
+  if ((enc_img.fmt & AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH) !=
+      (dec_img.fmt & AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH)) {
+    if (enc_img.fmt & AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH) {
+      aom_image_t enc_hbd_img;
+      aom_img_alloc(&enc_hbd_img, enc_img.fmt - AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH,
+                    enc_img.d_w, enc_img.d_h, 16);
+      aom_img_truncate_16_to_8(&enc_hbd_img, &enc_img);
+      enc_img = enc_hbd_img;
+    }
+    if (dec_img.fmt & AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH) {
+      aom_image_t dec_hbd_img;
+      aom_img_alloc(&dec_hbd_img, dec_img.fmt - AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH,
+                    dec_img.d_w, dec_img.d_h, 16);
+      aom_img_truncate_16_to_8(&dec_hbd_img, &dec_img);
+      dec_img = dec_hbd_img;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (!aom_compare_img(&enc_img, &dec_img)) {
+    int y[4], u[4], v[4];
+    if (enc_img.fmt & AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH) {
+      aom_find_mismatch_high(&enc_img, &dec_img, y, u, v);
+    } else {
+      aom_find_mismatch(&enc_img, &dec_img, y, u, v);
+    }
+
+    printf(
+        "Encode/decode mismatch on frame %u at"
+        " Y[%d, %d] {%d/%d},"
+        " U[%d, %d] {%d/%d},"
+        " V[%d, %d] {%d/%d}",
+        frame_out, y[0], y[1], y[2], y[3], u[0], u[1], u[2], u[3], v[0], v[1],
+        v[2], v[3]);
+    *mismatch_seen = 1;
+  }
+
+  aom_img_free(&enc_img);
+  aom_img_free(&dec_img);
+}
+
+static int encode_frame(aom_codec_ctx_t *ecodec, aom_image_t *img,
+                        unsigned int frame_in, AvxVideoWriter *writer,
+                        int test_decode, aom_codec_ctx_t *dcodec,
+                        unsigned int *frame_out, int *mismatch_seen,
+                        aom_image_t *ext_ref) {
+  int got_pkts = 0;
+  aom_codec_iter_t iter = NULL;
+  const aom_codec_cx_pkt_t *pkt = NULL;
+  int got_data;
+  const aom_codec_err_t res = aom_codec_encode(ecodec, img, frame_in, 1, 0);
+  if (res != AOM_CODEC_OK) die_codec(ecodec, "Failed to encode frame");
+
+  got_data = 0;
+
+  while ((pkt = aom_codec_get_cx_data(ecodec, &iter)) != NULL) {
+    got_pkts = 1;
+
+    if (pkt->kind == AOM_CODEC_CX_FRAME_PKT) {
+      const int keyframe = (pkt->data.frame.flags & AOM_FRAME_IS_KEY) != 0;
+
+      ++*frame_out;
+
+      if (!aom_video_writer_write_frame(writer, pkt->data.frame.buf,
+                                        pkt->data.frame.sz,
+                                        pkt->data.frame.pts)) {
+        die_codec(ecodec, "Failed to write compressed frame");
+      }
+      printf(keyframe ? "K" : ".");
+      fflush(stdout);
+      got_data = 1;
+
+      // Decode 1 frame.
+      if (test_decode) {
+        if (aom_codec_decode(dcodec, pkt->data.frame.buf,
+                             (unsigned int)pkt->data.frame.sz, NULL))
+          die_codec(dcodec, "Failed to decode frame.");
+
+        // Copy out first decoded frame, and use it as reference later.
+        if (*frame_out == 1 && ext_ref != NULL)
+          if (aom_codec_control(dcodec, AV1_COPY_NEW_FRAME_IMAGE, ext_ref))
+            die_codec(dcodec, "Failed to get decoder new frame");
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Mismatch checking
+  if (got_data && test_decode) {
+    testing_decode(ecodec, dcodec, *frame_out, mismatch_seen);
+  }
+
+  return got_pkts;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+  FILE *infile = NULL;
+  // Encoder
+  aom_codec_ctx_t ecodec;
+  aom_codec_enc_cfg_t cfg;
+  unsigned int frame_in = 0;
+  aom_image_t raw;
+  aom_image_t raw_shift;
+  aom_image_t ext_ref;
+  aom_codec_err_t res;
+  AvxVideoInfo info;
+  AvxVideoWriter *writer = NULL;
+  int flags = 0;
+  int allocated_raw_shift = 0;
+  aom_img_fmt_t raw_fmt = AOM_IMG_FMT_I420;
+  aom_img_fmt_t ref_fmt = AOM_IMG_FMT_I420;
+
+  // Test encoder/decoder mismatch.
+  int test_decode = 1;
+  // Decoder
+  aom_codec_ctx_t dcodec;
+  unsigned int frame_out = 0;
+
+  // The frame number to set reference frame on
+  unsigned int update_frame_num = 0;
+  int mismatch_seen = 0;
+
+  const int fps = 30;
+  const int bitrate = 500;
+
+  const char *codec_arg = NULL;
+  const char *width_arg = NULL;
+  const char *height_arg = NULL;
+  const char *infile_arg = NULL;
+  const char *outfile_arg = NULL;
+  const char *update_frame_num_arg = NULL;
+  unsigned int limit = 0;
+  exec_name = argv[0];
+
+  // Clear explicitly, as simply assigning "{ 0 }" generates
+  // "missing-field-initializers" warning in some compilers.
+  memset(&ecodec, 0, sizeof(ecodec));
+  memset(&cfg, 0, sizeof(cfg));
+  memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
+
+  if (argc < 7) die("Invalid number of arguments");
+
+  codec_arg = argv[1];
+  width_arg = argv[2];
+  height_arg = argv[3];
+  infile_arg = argv[4];
+  outfile_arg = argv[5];
+  update_frame_num_arg = argv[6];
+
+  aom_codec_iface_t *encoder = get_aom_encoder_by_short_name(codec_arg);
+  if (!encoder) die("Unsupported codec.");
+
+  update_frame_num = (unsigned int)strtoul(update_frame_num_arg, NULL, 0);
+  // In AV1, the reference buffers (cm->buffer_pool->frame_bufs[i].buf) are
+  // allocated while calling aom_codec_encode(), thus, setting reference for
+  // 1st frame isn't supported.
+  if (update_frame_num <= 1) {
+    die("Couldn't parse frame number '%s'\n", update_frame_num_arg);
+  }
+
+  if (argc > 7) {
+    limit = (unsigned int)strtoul(argv[7], NULL, 0);
+    if (update_frame_num > limit)
+      die("Update frame number couldn't larger than limit\n");
+  }
+
+  info.codec_fourcc = get_fourcc_by_aom_encoder(encoder);
+  info.frame_width = (int)strtol(width_arg, NULL, 0);
+  info.frame_height = (int)strtol(height_arg, NULL, 0);
+  info.time_base.numerator = 1;
+  info.time_base.denominator = fps;
+
+  if (info.frame_width <= 0 || info.frame_height <= 0) {
+    die("Invalid frame size: %dx%d", info.frame_width, info.frame_height);
+  }
+
+  // In this test, the bit depth of input video is 8-bit, and the input format
+  // is AOM_IMG_FMT_I420.
+  if (!aom_img_alloc(&raw, raw_fmt, info.frame_width, info.frame_height, 32)) {
+    die("Failed to allocate image.");
+  }
+
+  if (FORCE_HIGHBITDEPTH_DECODING) ref_fmt |= AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH;
+  // Allocate memory with the border so that it can be used as a reference.
+  if (!aom_img_alloc_with_border(&ext_ref, ref_fmt, info.frame_width,
+                                 info.frame_height, 32, 8,
+                                 AOM_DEC_BORDER_IN_PIXELS)) {
+    die("Failed to allocate image.");
+  }
+
+  printf("Using %s\n", aom_codec_iface_name(encoder));
+
+#if CONFIG_REALTIME_ONLY
+  res = aom_codec_enc_config_default(encoder, &cfg, 1);
+#else
+  res = aom_codec_enc_config_default(encoder, &cfg, 0);
+#endif
+  if (res) die_codec(&ecodec, "Failed to get default codec config.");
+
+  cfg.g_w = info.frame_width;
+  cfg.g_h = info.frame_height;
+  cfg.g_timebase.num = info.time_base.numerator;
+  cfg.g_timebase.den = info.time_base.denominator;
+  cfg.rc_target_bitrate = bitrate;
+  cfg.g_lag_in_frames = 3;
+  cfg.g_bit_depth = AOM_BITS_8;
+
+  flags |= (cfg.g_bit_depth > AOM_BITS_8 || FORCE_HIGHBITDEPTH_DECODING)
+               ? AOM_CODEC_USE_HIGHBITDEPTH
+               : 0;
+
+  writer = aom_video_writer_open(outfile_arg, kContainerIVF, &info);
+  if (!writer) die("Failed to open %s for writing.", outfile_arg);
+
+  if (!(infile = fopen(infile_arg, "rb")))
+    die("Failed to open %s for reading.", infile_arg);
+
+  if (aom_codec_enc_init(&ecodec, encoder, &cfg, flags))
+    die("Failed to initialize encoder");
+
+  // Disable alt_ref.
+  if (aom_codec_control(&ecodec, AOME_SET_ENABLEAUTOALTREF, 0))
+    die_codec(&ecodec, "Failed to set enable auto alt ref");
+
+  if (test_decode) {
+    aom_codec_iface_t *decoder = get_aom_decoder_by_short_name(codec_arg);
+    if (aom_codec_dec_init(&dcodec, decoder, NULL, 0))
+      die("Failed to initialize decoder.");
+  }
+
+  // Encode frames.
+  while (aom_img_read(&raw, infile)) {
+    if (limit && frame_in >= limit) break;
+    aom_image_t *frame_to_encode;
+
+    if (FORCE_HIGHBITDEPTH_DECODING) {
+      // Need to allocate larger buffer to use hbd internal.
+      int input_shift = 0;
+      if (!allocated_raw_shift) {
+        aom_img_alloc(&raw_shift, raw_fmt | AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH,
+                      info.frame_width, info.frame_height, 32);
+        allocated_raw_shift = 1;
+      }
+      aom_img_upshift(&raw_shift, &raw, input_shift);
+      frame_to_encode = &raw_shift;
+    } else {
+      frame_to_encode = &raw;
+    }
+
+    if (update_frame_num > 1 && frame_out + 1 == update_frame_num) {
+      av1_ref_frame_t ref;
+      ref.idx = 0;
+      ref.use_external_ref = 0;
+      ref.img = ext_ref;
+      // Set reference frame in encoder.
+      if (aom_codec_control(&ecodec, AV1_SET_REFERENCE, &ref))
+        die_codec(&ecodec, "Failed to set encoder reference frame");
+      printf(" <SET_REF>");
+
+#if CONFIG_REALTIME_ONLY
+      // Set cpu speed in encoder.
+      if (aom_codec_control(&ecodec, AOME_SET_CPUUSED, 7))
+        die_codec(&ecodec, "Failed to set cpu speed");
+#endif
+
+      // If set_reference in decoder is commented out, the enc/dec mismatch
+      // would be seen.
+      if (test_decode) {
+        ref.use_external_ref = 1;
+        if (aom_codec_control(&dcodec, AV1_SET_REFERENCE, &ref))
+          die_codec(&dcodec, "Failed to set decoder reference frame");
+      }
+    }
+
+    encode_frame(&ecodec, frame_to_encode, frame_in, writer, test_decode,
+                 &dcodec, &frame_out, &mismatch_seen, &ext_ref);
+    frame_in++;
+    if (mismatch_seen) break;
+  }
+
+  // Flush encoder.
+  if (!mismatch_seen)
+    while (encode_frame(&ecodec, NULL, frame_in, writer, test_decode, &dcodec,
+                        &frame_out, &mismatch_seen, NULL)) {
+    }
+
+  printf("\n");
+  fclose(infile);
+  printf("Processed %u frames.\n", frame_out);
+
+  if (test_decode) {
+    if (!mismatch_seen)
+      printf("Encoder/decoder results are matching.\n");
+    else
+      printf("Encoder/decoder results are NOT matching.\n");
+  }
+
+  if (test_decode)
+    if (aom_codec_destroy(&dcodec))
+      die_codec(&dcodec, "Failed to destroy decoder");
+
+  if (allocated_raw_shift) aom_img_free(&raw_shift);
+  aom_img_free(&ext_ref);
+  aom_img_free(&raw);
+  if (aom_codec_destroy(&ecodec))
+    die_codec(&ecodec, "Failed to destroy encoder.");
+
+  aom_video_writer_close(writer);
+
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/third_party/aom/examples/av1_dec_fuzzer.cc b/third_party/aom/examples/av1_dec_fuzzer.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9b9a0b9cb6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/aom/examples/av1_dec_fuzzer.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved
+ *
+ * This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
+ * the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
+ * was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
+ * obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
+ * Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
+ * PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * See build_av1_dec_fuzzer.sh for building instructions.
+ */
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <memory>
+#include "config/aom_config.h"
+#include "aom/aom_decoder.h"
+#include "aom/aomdx.h"
+#include "aom_ports/mem_ops.h"
+
+#define IVF_FRAME_HDR_SZ (4 + 8) /* 4 byte size + 8 byte timestamp */
+#define IVF_FILE_HDR_SZ 32
+
+extern "C" void usage_exit(void) { exit(EXIT_FAILURE); }
+
+extern "C" int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t *data, size_t size) {
+  if (size <= IVF_FILE_HDR_SZ) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  aom_codec_iface_t *codec_interface = aom_codec_av1_dx();
+  aom_codec_ctx_t codec;
+  // Set thread count in the range [1, 64].
+  const unsigned int threads = (data[IVF_FILE_HDR_SZ] & 0x3f) + 1;
+  aom_codec_dec_cfg_t cfg = { threads, 0, 0, !FORCE_HIGHBITDEPTH_DECODING };
+  if (aom_codec_dec_init(&codec, codec_interface, &cfg, 0)) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  data += IVF_FILE_HDR_SZ;
+  size -= IVF_FILE_HDR_SZ;
+
+  while (size > IVF_FRAME_HDR_SZ) {
+    size_t frame_size = mem_get_le32(data);
+    size -= IVF_FRAME_HDR_SZ;
+    data += IVF_FRAME_HDR_SZ;
+    frame_size = std::min(size, frame_size);
+
+    const aom_codec_err_t err =
+        aom_codec_decode(&codec, data, frame_size, nullptr);
+    static_cast<void>(err);
+    aom_codec_iter_t iter = nullptr;
+    aom_image_t *img = nullptr;
+    while ((img = aom_codec_get_frame(&codec, &iter)) != nullptr) {
+    }
+    data += frame_size;
+    size -= frame_size;
+  }
+  aom_codec_destroy(&codec);
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/third_party/aom/examples/av1_dec_fuzzer.dict b/third_party/aom/examples/av1_dec_fuzzer.dict
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fb1638864c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/aom/examples/av1_dec_fuzzer.dict
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# IVF Signature + version (bytes 0-5)
+kw1="DKIF\x00\x00"
+
+# AV1 codec fourCC (bytes 8-11)
+kw2="AV01"
diff --git a/third_party/aom/examples/build_av1_dec_fuzzer.sh b/third_party/aom/examples/build_av1_dec_fuzzer.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..40355ea133
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/aom/examples/build_av1_dec_fuzzer.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2019, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved
+#
+# This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
+# the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
+# was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
+# obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
+# Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
+# PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
+#
+###############################################################################
+# Fuzzer for libaom decoder.
+# ==========================
+# Requirements
+# ---------------------
+# Clang6.0 or above (must support -fsanitize=fuzzer -fsanitize=fuzzer-no-link)
+#
+# References:
+# ---------------------
+# http://llvm.org/docs/LibFuzzer.html
+# https://github.com/google/oss-fuzz
+#
+# Steps to build / run
+# ---------------------
+
+set -eu
+
+# Have a copy of AOM and a build directory ready.
+if [[ $# -ne 2 ]]; then
+  echo "Pass in the AOM source tree as first argument, and a build directory "
+  echo "as the second argument. The AOM source tree can be obtained via: "
+  echo "  git clone https://aomedia.googlesource.com/aom"
+  exit 2
+fi
+if [[ -z "${CC:-}" ]]; then
+  echo "Set the CC environment variable to point to your C compiler."
+  exit 2
+fi
+if [[ -z "${CXX:-}" ]]; then
+  echo "Set the CXX environment variable to point to your C++ compiler."
+  exit 2
+fi
+
+AOM_DIR=$1
+BUILD_DIR=$2
+# Run CMake with address sanitizer enabled and build the codec.
+# Enable DO_RANGE_CHECK_CLAMP to suppress the noise of integer overflows
+# in the transform functions. Also set memory limits.
+EXTRA_C_FLAGS='-UNDEBUG -DDO_RANGE_CHECK_CLAMP=1 -DAOM_MAX_ALLOCABLE_MEMORY=1073741824'
+cd "${BUILD_DIR}"
+cmake "${AOM_DIR}" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RelWithDebInfo -DCONFIG_PIC=1 \
+  -DFORCE_HIGHBITDEPTH_DECODING=0 \
+  -DCONFIG_AV1_ENCODER=0 -DENABLE_EXAMPLES=0 -DENABLE_DOCS=0 -DENABLE_TESTS=0 \
+  -DCONFIG_SIZE_LIMIT=1 -DDECODE_HEIGHT_LIMIT=12288 -DDECODE_WIDTH_LIMIT=12288 \
+  -DAOM_EXTRA_C_FLAGS="${EXTRA_C_FLAGS}" \
+  -DAOM_EXTRA_CXX_FLAGS="${EXTRA_C_FLAGS}" -DSANITIZE=fuzzer-no-link,address
+
+# Build the codec.
+make -j$(nproc)
+
+# Build the av1 fuzzer
+$CXX -std=c++11 -I${AOM_DIR} -I${BUILD_DIR} \
+    -g -fsanitize=fuzzer,address \
+    ${AOM_DIR}/examples/av1_dec_fuzzer.cc -o ${BUILD_DIR}/av1_dec_fuzzer \
+    ${BUILD_DIR}/libaom.a
+
+echo "Fuzzer built at ${BUILD_DIR}/av1_dec_fuzzer."
+echo "Create a corpus directory, copy IVF files in there, and run:"
+echo "  av1_dec_fuzzer CORPUS_DIR"
diff --git a/third_party/aom/examples/decode_to_md5.c b/third_party/aom/examples/decode_to_md5.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..07f788ff97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/aom/examples/decode_to_md5.c
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved
+ *
+ * This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
+ * the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
+ * was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
+ * obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
+ * Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
+ * PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
+ */
+
+// Frame-by-frame MD5 Checksum
+// ===========================
+//
+// This example builds upon the simple decoder loop to show how checksums
+// of the decoded output can be generated. These are used for validating
+// decoder implementations against the reference implementation, for example.
+//
+// MD5 algorithm
+// -------------
+// The Message-Digest 5 (MD5) is a well known hash function. We have provided
+// an implementation derived from the RSA Data Security, Inc. MD5 Message-Digest
+// Algorithm for your use. Our implmentation only changes the interface of this
+// reference code. You must include the `md5_utils.h` header for access to these
+// functions.
+//
+// Processing The Decoded Data
+// ---------------------------
+// Each row of the image is passed to the MD5 accumulator. First the Y plane
+// is processed, then U, then V. It is important to honor the image's `stride`
+// values.
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "aom/aom_decoder.h"
+#include "aom/aomdx.h"
+#include "common/md5_utils.h"
+#include "common/tools_common.h"
+#include "common/video_reader.h"
+
+static void get_image_md5(const aom_image_t *img, unsigned char digest[16]) {
+  int plane, y;
+  MD5Context md5;
+
+  MD5Init(&md5);
+
+  for (plane = 0; plane < 3; ++plane) {
+    const unsigned char *buf = img->planes[plane];
+    const int stride = img->stride[plane];
+    const int w = plane ? (img->d_w + 1) >> 1 : img->d_w;
+    const int h = plane ? (img->d_h + 1) >> 1 : img->d_h;
+
+    for (y = 0; y < h; ++y) {
+      MD5Update(&md5, buf, w);
+      buf += stride;
+    }
+  }
+
+  MD5Final(digest, &md5);
+}
+
+static void print_md5(FILE *stream, unsigned char digest[16]) {
+  int i;
+
+  for (i = 0; i < 16; ++i) fprintf(stream, "%02x", digest[i]);
+}
+
+static const char *exec_name;
+
+void usage_exit(void) {
+  fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <infile> <outfile>\n", exec_name);
+  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+  int frame_cnt = 0;
+  FILE *outfile = NULL;
+  AvxVideoReader *reader = NULL;
+  const AvxVideoInfo *info = NULL;
+
+  exec_name = argv[0];
+
+  if (argc != 3) die("Invalid number of arguments.");
+
+  reader = aom_video_reader_open(argv[1]);
+  if (!reader) die("Failed to open %s for reading.", argv[1]);
+
+  if (!(outfile = fopen(argv[2], "wb")))
+    die("Failed to open %s for writing.", argv[2]);
+
+  info = aom_video_reader_get_info(reader);
+
+  aom_codec_iface_t *decoder = get_aom_decoder_by_fourcc(info->codec_fourcc);
+  if (!decoder) die("Unknown input codec.");
+
+  printf("Using %s\n", aom_codec_iface_name(decoder));
+
+  aom_codec_ctx_t codec;
+  if (aom_codec_dec_init(&codec, decoder, NULL, 0))
+    die("Failed to initialize decoder");
+
+  while (aom_video_reader_read_frame(reader)) {
+    aom_codec_iter_t iter = NULL;
+    aom_image_t *img = NULL;
+    size_t frame_size = 0;
+    const unsigned char *frame =
+        aom_video_reader_get_frame(reader, &frame_size);
+    if (aom_codec_decode(&codec, frame, frame_size, NULL))
+      die_codec(&codec, "Failed to decode frame");
+
+    while ((img = aom_codec_get_frame(&codec, &iter)) != NULL) {
+      unsigned char digest[16];
+
+      get_image_md5(img, digest);
+      print_md5(outfile, digest);
+      fprintf(outfile, "  img-%ux%u-%04d.i420\n", img->d_w, img->d_h,
+              ++frame_cnt);
+    }
+  }
+
+  printf("Processed %d frames.\n", frame_cnt);
+  if (aom_codec_destroy(&codec)) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to destroy codec.");
+
+  aom_video_reader_close(reader);
+
+  fclose(outfile);
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/third_party/aom/examples/decode_with_drops.c b/third_party/aom/examples/decode_with_drops.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9bec6ee2df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/aom/examples/decode_with_drops.c
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved
+ *
+ * This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
+ * the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
+ * was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
+ * obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
+ * Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
+ * PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
+ */
+
+// Decode With Drops Example
+// =========================
+//
+// This is an example utility which drops a series of frames, as specified
+// on the command line. This is useful for observing the error recovery
+// features of the codec.
+//
+// Usage
+// -----
+// This example adds a single argument to the `simple_decoder` example,
+// which specifies the range or pattern of frames to drop. The parameter is
+// parsed as follows:
+//
+// Dropping A Range Of Frames
+// --------------------------
+// To drop a range of frames, specify the starting frame and the ending
+// frame to drop, separated by a dash. The following command will drop
+// frames 5 through 10 (base 1).
+//
+//  $ ./decode_with_drops in.ivf out.i420 5-10
+//
+//
+// Dropping A Pattern Of Frames
+// ----------------------------
+// To drop a pattern of frames, specify the number of frames to drop and
+// the number of frames after which to repeat the pattern, separated by
+// a forward-slash. The following command will drop 3 of 7 frames.
+// Specifically, it will decode 4 frames, then drop 3 frames, and then
+// repeat.
+//
+//  $ ./decode_with_drops in.ivf out.i420 3/7
+//
+//
+// Extra Variables
+// ---------------
+// This example maintains the pattern passed on the command line in the
+// `n`, `m`, and `is_range` variables:
+//
+//
+// Making The Drop Decision
+// ------------------------
+// The example decides whether to drop the frame based on the current
+// frame number, immediately before decoding the frame.
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "aom/aom_decoder.h"
+#include "aom/aomdx.h"
+#include "common/tools_common.h"
+#include "common/video_reader.h"
+
+static const char *exec_name;
+
+void usage_exit(void) {
+  fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <infile> <outfile> <N-M|N/M>\n", exec_name);
+  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+  int frame_cnt = 0;
+  FILE *outfile = NULL;
+  AvxVideoReader *reader = NULL;
+  const AvxVideoInfo *info = NULL;
+  int n = 0;
+  int m = 0;
+  int is_range = 0;
+  char *nptr = NULL;
+
+  exec_name = argv[0];
+
+  if (argc != 4) die("Invalid number of arguments.");
+
+  reader = aom_video_reader_open(argv[1]);
+  if (!reader) die("Failed to open %s for reading.", argv[1]);
+
+  if (!(outfile = fopen(argv[2], "wb")))
+    die("Failed to open %s for writing.", argv[2]);
+
+  n = (int)strtol(argv[3], &nptr, 0);
+  m = (int)strtol(nptr + 1, NULL, 0);
+  is_range = (*nptr == '-');
+  if (!n || !m || (*nptr != '-' && *nptr != '/'))
+    die("Couldn't parse pattern %s.\n", argv[3]);
+
+  info = aom_video_reader_get_info(reader);
+
+  aom_codec_iface_t *decoder = get_aom_decoder_by_fourcc(info->codec_fourcc);
+  if (!decoder) die("Unknown input codec.");
+
+  printf("Using %s\n", aom_codec_iface_name(decoder));
+  aom_codec_ctx_t codec;
+  if (aom_codec_dec_init(&codec, decoder, NULL, 0))
+    die("Failed to initialize decoder.");
+
+  while (aom_video_reader_read_frame(reader)) {
+    aom_codec_iter_t iter = NULL;
+    aom_image_t *img = NULL;
+    size_t frame_size = 0;
+    int skip;
+    const unsigned char *frame =
+        aom_video_reader_get_frame(reader, &frame_size);
+    ++frame_cnt;
+
+    skip = (is_range && frame_cnt >= n && frame_cnt <= m) ||
+           (!is_range && m - (frame_cnt - 1) % m <= n);
+
+    if (!skip) {
+      putc('.', stdout);
+      if (aom_codec_decode(&codec, frame, frame_size, NULL))
+        die_codec(&codec, "Failed to decode frame.");
+
+      while ((img = aom_codec_get_frame(&codec, &iter)) != NULL)
+        aom_img_write(img, outfile);
+    } else {
+      putc('X', stdout);
+    }
+
+    fflush(stdout);
+  }
+
+  printf("Processed %d frames.\n", frame_cnt);
+  if (aom_codec_destroy(&codec)) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to destroy codec.");
+
+  printf("Play: ffplay -f rawvideo -pix_fmt yuv420p -s %dx%d %s\n",
+         info->frame_width, info->frame_height, argv[2]);
+
+  aom_video_reader_close(reader);
+  fclose(outfile);
+
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/third_party/aom/examples/encoder_util.c b/third_party/aom/examples/encoder_util.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e43b372506
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/aom/examples/encoder_util.c
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved
+ *
+ * This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
+ * the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
+ * was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
+ * obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
+ * Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
+ * PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
+ */
+
+// Utility functions used by encoder binaries.
+
+#include "examples/encoder_util.h"
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "aom/aom_integer.h"
+
+#define mmin(a, b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
+
+static void find_mismatch_plane(const aom_image_t *const img1,
+                                const aom_image_t *const img2, int plane,
+                                int use_highbitdepth, int loc[4]) {
+  const unsigned char *const p1 = img1->planes[plane];
+  const int p1_stride = img1->stride[plane] >> use_highbitdepth;
+  const unsigned char *const p2 = img2->planes[plane];
+  const int p2_stride = img2->stride[plane] >> use_highbitdepth;
+  const uint32_t bsize = 64;
+  const int is_y_plane = (plane == AOM_PLANE_Y);
+  const uint32_t bsizex = is_y_plane ? bsize : bsize >> img1->x_chroma_shift;
+  const uint32_t bsizey = is_y_plane ? bsize : bsize >> img1->y_chroma_shift;
+  const uint32_t c_w =
+      is_y_plane ? img1->d_w
+                 : (img1->d_w + img1->x_chroma_shift) >> img1->x_chroma_shift;
+  const uint32_t c_h =
+      is_y_plane ? img1->d_h
+                 : (img1->d_h + img1->y_chroma_shift) >> img1->y_chroma_shift;
+  assert(img1->d_w == img2->d_w && img1->d_h == img2->d_h);
+  assert(img1->x_chroma_shift == img2->x_chroma_shift &&
+         img1->y_chroma_shift == img2->y_chroma_shift);
+  loc[0] = loc[1] = loc[2] = loc[3] = -1;
+  if (img1->monochrome && img2->monochrome && plane) return;
+  int match = 1;
+  uint32_t i, j;
+  for (i = 0; match && i < c_h; i += bsizey) {
+    for (j = 0; match && j < c_w; j += bsizex) {
+      const int si =
+          is_y_plane ? mmin(i + bsizey, c_h) - i : mmin(i + bsizey, c_h - i);
+      const int sj =
+          is_y_plane ? mmin(j + bsizex, c_w) - j : mmin(j + bsizex, c_w - j);
+      int k, l;
+      for (k = 0; match && k < si; ++k) {
+        for (l = 0; match && l < sj; ++l) {
+          const int row = i + k;
+          const int col = j + l;
+          const int offset1 = row * p1_stride + col;
+          const int offset2 = row * p2_stride + col;
+          const int val1 = use_highbitdepth
+                               ? p1[2 * offset1] | (p1[2 * offset1 + 1] << 8)
+                               : p1[offset1];
+          const int val2 = use_highbitdepth
+                               ? p2[2 * offset2] | (p2[2 * offset2 + 1] << 8)
+                               : p2[offset2];
+          if (val1 != val2) {
+            loc[0] = row;
+            loc[1] = col;
+            loc[2] = val1;
+            loc[3] = val2;
+            match = 0;
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+static void find_mismatch_helper(const aom_image_t *const img1,
+                                 const aom_image_t *const img2,
+                                 int use_highbitdepth, int yloc[4], int uloc[4],
+                                 int vloc[4]) {
+  find_mismatch_plane(img1, img2, AOM_PLANE_Y, use_highbitdepth, yloc);
+  find_mismatch_plane(img1, img2, AOM_PLANE_U, use_highbitdepth, uloc);
+  find_mismatch_plane(img1, img2, AOM_PLANE_V, use_highbitdepth, vloc);
+}
+
+void aom_find_mismatch_high(const aom_image_t *const img1,
+                            const aom_image_t *const img2, int yloc[4],
+                            int uloc[4], int vloc[4]) {
+  find_mismatch_helper(img1, img2, 1, yloc, uloc, vloc);
+}
+
+void aom_find_mismatch(const aom_image_t *const img1,
+                       const aom_image_t *const img2, int yloc[4], int uloc[4],
+                       int vloc[4]) {
+  find_mismatch_helper(img1, img2, 0, yloc, uloc, vloc);
+}
+
+int aom_compare_img(const aom_image_t *const img1,
+                    const aom_image_t *const img2) {
+  assert(img1->cp == img2->cp);
+  assert(img1->tc == img2->tc);
+  assert(img1->mc == img2->mc);
+  assert(img1->monochrome == img2->monochrome);
+
+  int num_planes = img1->monochrome ? 1 : 3;
+
+  uint32_t l_w = img1->d_w;
+  uint32_t c_w = (img1->d_w + img1->x_chroma_shift) >> img1->x_chroma_shift;
+  const uint32_t c_h =
+      (img1->d_h + img1->y_chroma_shift) >> img1->y_chroma_shift;
+  int match = 1;
+
+  match &= (img1->fmt == img2->fmt);
+  match &= (img1->d_w == img2->d_w);
+  match &= (img1->d_h == img2->d_h);
+  if (img1->fmt & AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH) {
+    l_w *= 2;
+    c_w *= 2;
+  }
+
+  for (int plane = 0; plane < num_planes; ++plane) {
+    uint32_t height = plane ? c_h : img1->d_h;
+    uint32_t width = plane ? c_w : l_w;
+
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < height; ++i) {
+      match &=
+          (memcmp(img1->planes[plane] + i * img1->stride[plane],
+                  img2->planes[plane] + i * img2->stride[plane], width) == 0);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return match;
+}
diff --git a/third_party/aom/examples/encoder_util.h b/third_party/aom/examples/encoder_util.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fa0e7d1880
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/aom/examples/encoder_util.h
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved
+ *
+ * This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
+ * the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
+ * was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
+ * obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
+ * Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
+ * PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
+ */
+
+// Utility functions used by encoder binaries.
+
+#ifndef AOM_EXAMPLES_ENCODER_UTIL_H_
+#define AOM_EXAMPLES_ENCODER_UTIL_H_
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#include "aom/aom_image.h"
+
+// Returns mismatch location (?loc[0],?loc[1]) and the values at that location
+// in img1 (?loc[2]) and img2 (?loc[3]).
+void aom_find_mismatch_high(const aom_image_t *const img1,
+                            const aom_image_t *const img2, int yloc[4],
+                            int uloc[4], int vloc[4]);
+
+void aom_find_mismatch(const aom_image_t *const img1,
+                       const aom_image_t *const img2, int yloc[4], int uloc[4],
+                       int vloc[4]);
+
+// Returns 1 if the two images match.
+int aom_compare_img(const aom_image_t *const img1,
+                    const aom_image_t *const img2);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+#endif  // AOM_EXAMPLES_ENCODER_UTIL_H_
diff --git a/third_party/aom/examples/inspect.c b/third_party/aom/examples/inspect.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e285be0209
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/aom/examples/inspect.c
@@ -0,0 +1,963 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved
+ *
+ * This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
+ * the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
+ * was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
+ * obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
+ * Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
+ * PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
+ */
+
+// Inspect Decoder
+// ================
+//
+// This is a simple decoder loop that writes JSON stats to stdout. This tool
+// can also be compiled with Emscripten and used as a library.
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#ifdef __EMSCRIPTEN__
+#include <emscripten.h>
+#else
+#define EMSCRIPTEN_KEEPALIVE
+#endif
+
+#include "config/aom_config.h"
+
+#include "aom/aom_decoder.h"
+#include "aom/aomdx.h"
+#include "av1/common/av1_common_int.h"
+
+#if CONFIG_ACCOUNTING
+#include "av1/decoder/accounting.h"
+#endif
+
+#include "av1/decoder/inspection.h"
+#include "common/args.h"
+#include "common/tools_common.h"
+#include "common/video_common.h"
+#include "common/video_reader.h"
+
+// Max JSON buffer size.
+const int MAX_BUFFER = 1024 * 1024 * 256;
+
+typedef enum {
+  ACCOUNTING_LAYER = 1,
+  BLOCK_SIZE_LAYER = 1 << 1,
+  TRANSFORM_SIZE_LAYER = 1 << 2,
+  TRANSFORM_TYPE_LAYER = 1 << 3,
+  MODE_LAYER = 1 << 4,
+  SKIP_LAYER = 1 << 5,
+  FILTER_LAYER = 1 << 6,
+  CDEF_LAYER = 1 << 7,
+  REFERENCE_FRAME_LAYER = 1 << 8,
+  MOTION_VECTORS_LAYER = 1 << 9,
+  UV_MODE_LAYER = 1 << 10,
+  CFL_LAYER = 1 << 11,
+  DUAL_FILTER_LAYER = 1 << 12,
+  Q_INDEX_LAYER = 1 << 13,
+  SEGMENT_ID_LAYER = 1 << 14,
+  MOTION_MODE_LAYER = 1 << 15,
+  COMPOUND_TYPE_LAYER = 1 << 16,
+  INTRABC_LAYER = 1 << 17,
+  PALETTE_LAYER = 1 << 18,
+  UV_PALETTE_LAYER = 1 << 19,
+  ALL_LAYERS = (1 << 20) - 1
+} LayerType;
+
+static LayerType layers = 0;
+
+static int stop_after = 0;
+static int compress = 0;
+
+static const arg_def_t limit_arg =
+    ARG_DEF(NULL, "limit", 1, "Stop decoding after n frames");
+static const arg_def_t dump_all_arg = ARG_DEF("A", "all", 0, "Dump All");
+static const arg_def_t compress_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("x", "compress", 0, "Compress JSON using RLE");
+static const arg_def_t dump_accounting_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("a", "accounting", 0, "Dump Accounting");
+static const arg_def_t dump_block_size_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("bs", "blockSize", 0, "Dump Block Size");
+static const arg_def_t dump_motion_vectors_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("mv", "motionVectors", 0, "Dump Motion Vectors");
+static const arg_def_t dump_transform_size_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("ts", "transformSize", 0, "Dump Transform Size");
+static const arg_def_t dump_transform_type_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("tt", "transformType", 0, "Dump Transform Type");
+static const arg_def_t dump_mode_arg = ARG_DEF("m", "mode", 0, "Dump Mode");
+static const arg_def_t dump_motion_mode_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("mm", "motion_mode", 0, "Dump Motion Modes");
+static const arg_def_t dump_compound_type_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("ct", "compound_type", 0, "Dump Compound Types");
+static const arg_def_t dump_uv_mode_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("uvm", "uv_mode", 0, "Dump UV Intra Prediction Modes");
+static const arg_def_t dump_skip_arg = ARG_DEF("s", "skip", 0, "Dump Skip");
+static const arg_def_t dump_filter_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("f", "filter", 0, "Dump Filter");
+static const arg_def_t dump_cdef_arg = ARG_DEF("c", "cdef", 0, "Dump CDEF");
+static const arg_def_t dump_cfl_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("cfl", "chroma_from_luma", 0, "Dump Chroma from Luma Alphas");
+static const arg_def_t dump_dual_filter_type_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("df", "dualFilterType", 0, "Dump Dual Filter Type");
+static const arg_def_t dump_reference_frame_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("r", "referenceFrame", 0, "Dump Reference Frame");
+static const arg_def_t dump_delta_q_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("dq", "delta_q", 0, "Dump QIndex");
+static const arg_def_t dump_seg_id_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("si", "seg_id", 0, "Dump Segment ID");
+static const arg_def_t dump_intrabc_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("ibc", "intrabc", 0, "Dump If IntraBC Is Used");
+static const arg_def_t dump_palette_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("plt", "palette", 0, "Dump Palette Size");
+static const arg_def_t dump_uv_palette_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("uvp", "uv_palette", 0, "Dump UV Palette Size");
+static const arg_def_t usage_arg = ARG_DEF("h", "help", 0, "Help");
+static const arg_def_t skip_non_transform_arg = ARG_DEF(
+    "snt", "skip_non_transform", 1, "Skip is counted as a non transform.");
+static const arg_def_t combined_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("comb", "combined", 1, "combinining parameters into one output.");
+
+int combined_parm_list[15];
+int combined_parm_count = 0;
+
+static const arg_def_t *main_args[] = { &limit_arg,
+                                        &dump_all_arg,
+                                        &compress_arg,
+#if CONFIG_ACCOUNTING
+                                        &dump_accounting_arg,
+#endif
+                                        &dump_block_size_arg,
+                                        &dump_transform_size_arg,
+                                        &dump_transform_type_arg,
+                                        &dump_mode_arg,
+                                        &dump_uv_mode_arg,
+                                        &dump_motion_mode_arg,
+                                        &dump_compound_type_arg,
+                                        &dump_skip_arg,
+                                        &dump_filter_arg,
+                                        &dump_cdef_arg,
+                                        &dump_dual_filter_type_arg,
+                                        &dump_cfl_arg,
+                                        &dump_reference_frame_arg,
+                                        &dump_motion_vectors_arg,
+                                        &dump_delta_q_arg,
+                                        &dump_seg_id_arg,
+                                        &dump_intrabc_arg,
+                                        &dump_palette_arg,
+                                        &dump_uv_palette_arg,
+                                        &usage_arg,
+                                        &skip_non_transform_arg,
+                                        &combined_arg,
+                                        NULL };
+#define ENUM(name) \
+  { #name, name }
+#define LAST_ENUM \
+  { NULL, 0 }
+typedef struct map_entry {
+  const char *name;
+  int value;
+} map_entry;
+
+const map_entry refs_map[] = {
+  ENUM(INTRA_FRAME),   ENUM(LAST_FRAME),   ENUM(LAST2_FRAME),
+  ENUM(LAST3_FRAME),   ENUM(GOLDEN_FRAME), ENUM(BWDREF_FRAME),
+  ENUM(ALTREF2_FRAME), ENUM(ALTREF_FRAME), LAST_ENUM
+};
+
+const map_entry block_size_map[] = {
+  ENUM(BLOCK_4X4),     ENUM(BLOCK_4X8),    ENUM(BLOCK_8X4),
+  ENUM(BLOCK_8X8),     ENUM(BLOCK_8X16),   ENUM(BLOCK_16X8),
+  ENUM(BLOCK_16X16),   ENUM(BLOCK_16X32),  ENUM(BLOCK_32X16),
+  ENUM(BLOCK_32X32),   ENUM(BLOCK_32X64),  ENUM(BLOCK_64X32),
+  ENUM(BLOCK_64X64),   ENUM(BLOCK_64X128), ENUM(BLOCK_128X64),
+  ENUM(BLOCK_128X128), ENUM(BLOCK_4X16),   ENUM(BLOCK_16X4),
+  ENUM(BLOCK_8X32),    ENUM(BLOCK_32X8),   ENUM(BLOCK_16X64),
+  ENUM(BLOCK_64X16),   LAST_ENUM
+};
+
+#define TX_SKIP -1
+
+const map_entry tx_size_map[] = {
+  ENUM(TX_4X4),   ENUM(TX_8X8),   ENUM(TX_16X16), ENUM(TX_32X32),
+  ENUM(TX_64X64), ENUM(TX_4X8),   ENUM(TX_8X4),   ENUM(TX_8X16),
+  ENUM(TX_16X8),  ENUM(TX_16X32), ENUM(TX_32X16), ENUM(TX_32X64),
+  ENUM(TX_64X32), ENUM(TX_4X16),  ENUM(TX_16X4),  ENUM(TX_8X32),
+  ENUM(TX_32X8),  ENUM(TX_16X64), ENUM(TX_64X16), LAST_ENUM
+};
+
+const map_entry tx_type_map[] = { ENUM(DCT_DCT),
+                                  ENUM(ADST_DCT),
+                                  ENUM(DCT_ADST),
+                                  ENUM(ADST_ADST),
+                                  ENUM(FLIPADST_DCT),
+                                  ENUM(DCT_FLIPADST),
+                                  ENUM(FLIPADST_FLIPADST),
+                                  ENUM(ADST_FLIPADST),
+                                  ENUM(FLIPADST_ADST),
+                                  ENUM(IDTX),
+                                  ENUM(V_DCT),
+                                  ENUM(H_DCT),
+                                  ENUM(V_ADST),
+                                  ENUM(H_ADST),
+                                  ENUM(V_FLIPADST),
+                                  ENUM(H_FLIPADST),
+                                  LAST_ENUM };
+const map_entry dual_filter_map[] = { ENUM(REG_REG),       ENUM(REG_SMOOTH),
+                                      ENUM(REG_SHARP),     ENUM(SMOOTH_REG),
+                                      ENUM(SMOOTH_SMOOTH), ENUM(SMOOTH_SHARP),
+                                      ENUM(SHARP_REG),     ENUM(SHARP_SMOOTH),
+                                      ENUM(SHARP_SHARP),   LAST_ENUM };
+
+const map_entry prediction_mode_map[] = {
+  ENUM(DC_PRED),     ENUM(V_PRED),        ENUM(H_PRED),
+  ENUM(D45_PRED),    ENUM(D135_PRED),     ENUM(D113_PRED),
+  ENUM(D157_PRED),   ENUM(D203_PRED),     ENUM(D67_PRED),
+  ENUM(SMOOTH_PRED), ENUM(SMOOTH_V_PRED), ENUM(SMOOTH_H_PRED),
+  ENUM(PAETH_PRED),  ENUM(NEARESTMV),     ENUM(NEARMV),
+  ENUM(GLOBALMV),    ENUM(NEWMV),         ENUM(NEAREST_NEARESTMV),
+  ENUM(NEAR_NEARMV), ENUM(NEAREST_NEWMV), ENUM(NEW_NEARESTMV),
+  ENUM(NEAR_NEWMV),  ENUM(NEW_NEARMV),    ENUM(GLOBAL_GLOBALMV),
+  ENUM(NEW_NEWMV),   ENUM(INTRA_INVALID), LAST_ENUM
+};
+
+const map_entry motion_mode_map[] = { ENUM(SIMPLE_TRANSLATION),
+                                      ENUM(OBMC_CAUSAL),    // 2-sided OBMC
+                                      ENUM(WARPED_CAUSAL),  // 2-sided WARPED
+                                      LAST_ENUM };
+
+const map_entry compound_type_map[] = { ENUM(COMPOUND_AVERAGE),
+                                        ENUM(COMPOUND_WEDGE),
+                                        ENUM(COMPOUND_DIFFWTD), LAST_ENUM };
+
+const map_entry uv_prediction_mode_map[] = {
+  ENUM(UV_DC_PRED),       ENUM(UV_V_PRED),
+  ENUM(UV_H_PRED),        ENUM(UV_D45_PRED),
+  ENUM(UV_D135_PRED),     ENUM(UV_D113_PRED),
+  ENUM(UV_D157_PRED),     ENUM(UV_D203_PRED),
+  ENUM(UV_D67_PRED),      ENUM(UV_SMOOTH_PRED),
+  ENUM(UV_SMOOTH_V_PRED), ENUM(UV_SMOOTH_H_PRED),
+  ENUM(UV_PAETH_PRED),    ENUM(UV_CFL_PRED),
+  ENUM(UV_MODE_INVALID),  LAST_ENUM
+};
+#define NO_SKIP 0
+#define SKIP 1
+
+const map_entry skip_map[] = { ENUM(SKIP), ENUM(NO_SKIP), LAST_ENUM };
+
+const map_entry intrabc_map[] = { { "INTRABC", 1 },
+                                  { "NO_INTRABC", 0 },
+                                  LAST_ENUM };
+
+const map_entry palette_map[] = {
+  { "ZERO_COLORS", 0 },  { "TWO_COLORS", 2 },   { "THREE_COLORS", 3 },
+  { "FOUR_COLORS", 4 },  { "FIVE_COLORS", 5 },  { "SIX_COLORS", 6 },
+  { "SEVEN_COLORS", 7 }, { "EIGHT_COLORS", 8 }, LAST_ENUM
+};
+
+const map_entry config_map[] = { ENUM(MI_SIZE), LAST_ENUM };
+
+static const char *exec_name;
+
+struct parm_offset {
+  char parm[60];
+  char offset;
+};
+struct parm_offset parm_offsets[] = {
+  { "blockSize", offsetof(insp_mi_data, bsize) },
+  { "transformSize", offsetof(insp_mi_data, tx_size) },
+  { "transformType", offsetof(insp_mi_data, tx_type) },
+  { "dualFilterType", offsetof(insp_mi_data, dual_filter_type) },
+  { "mode", offsetof(insp_mi_data, mode) },
+  { "uv_mode", offsetof(insp_mi_data, uv_mode) },
+  { "motion_mode", offsetof(insp_mi_data, motion_mode) },
+  { "compound_type", offsetof(insp_mi_data, compound_type) },
+  { "referenceFrame", offsetof(insp_mi_data, ref_frame) },
+  { "skip", offsetof(insp_mi_data, skip) },
+};
+int parm_count = sizeof(parm_offsets) / sizeof(parm_offsets[0]);
+
+int convert_to_indices(char *str, int *indices, int maxCount, int *count) {
+  *count = 0;
+  do {
+    char *comma = strchr(str, ',');
+    int length = (comma ? (int)(comma - str) : (int)strlen(str));
+    int i;
+    for (i = 0; i < parm_count; ++i) {
+      if (!strncmp(str, parm_offsets[i].parm, length)) {
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    if (i == parm_count) return 0;
+    indices[(*count)++] = i;
+    if (*count > maxCount) return 0;
+    str += length + 1;
+  } while (strlen(str) > 0);
+  return 1;
+}
+
+insp_frame_data frame_data;
+int frame_count = 0;
+int decoded_frame_count = 0;
+aom_codec_ctx_t codec;
+AvxVideoReader *reader = NULL;
+const AvxVideoInfo *info = NULL;
+aom_image_t *img = NULL;
+
+void on_frame_decoded_dump(char *json) {
+#ifdef __EMSCRIPTEN__
+  EM_ASM_({ Module.on_frame_decoded_json($0); }, json);
+#else
+  printf("%s", json);
+#endif
+}
+
+// Writing out the JSON buffer using snprintf is very slow, especially when
+// compiled with emscripten, these functions speed things up quite a bit.
+int put_str(char *buffer, const char *str) {
+  int i;
+  for (i = 0; str[i] != '\0'; i++) {
+    buffer[i] = str[i];
+  }
+  return i;
+}
+
+int put_str_with_escape(char *buffer, const char *str) {
+  int i;
+  int j = 0;
+  for (i = 0; str[i] != '\0'; i++) {
+    if (str[i] < ' ') {
+      continue;
+    } else if (str[i] == '"' || str[i] == '\\') {
+      buffer[j++] = '\\';
+    }
+    buffer[j++] = str[i];
+  }
+  return j;
+}
+
+int put_num(char *buffer, char prefix, int num, char suffix) {
+  int i = 0;
+  char *buf = buffer;
+  int is_neg = 0;
+  if (prefix) {
+    buf[i++] = prefix;
+  }
+  if (num == 0) {
+    buf[i++] = '0';
+  } else {
+    if (num < 0) {
+      num = -num;
+      is_neg = 1;
+    }
+    int s = i;
+    while (num != 0) {
+      buf[i++] = '0' + (num % 10);
+      num = num / 10;
+    }
+    if (is_neg) {
+      buf[i++] = '-';
+    }
+    int e = i - 1;
+    while (s < e) {
+      int t = buf[s];
+      buf[s] = buf[e];
+      buf[e] = t;
+      s++;
+      e--;
+    }
+  }
+  if (suffix) {
+    buf[i++] = suffix;
+  }
+  return i;
+}
+
+int put_map(char *buffer, const map_entry *map) {
+  char *buf = buffer;
+  const map_entry *entry = map;
+  while (entry->name != NULL) {
+    *(buf++) = '"';
+    buf += put_str(buf, entry->name);
+    *(buf++) = '"';
+    buf += put_num(buf, ':', entry->value, 0);
+    entry++;
+    if (entry->name != NULL) {
+      *(buf++) = ',';
+    }
+  }
+  return (int)(buf - buffer);
+}
+
+int put_reference_frame(char *buffer) {
+  const int mi_rows = frame_data.mi_rows;
+  const int mi_cols = frame_data.mi_cols;
+  char *buf = buffer;
+  int r, c, t;
+  buf += put_str(buf, "  \"referenceFrameMap\": {");
+  buf += put_map(buf, refs_map);
+  buf += put_str(buf, "},\n");
+  buf += put_str(buf, "  \"referenceFrame\": [");
+  for (r = 0; r < mi_rows; ++r) {
+    *(buf++) = '[';
+    for (c = 0; c < mi_cols; ++c) {
+      insp_mi_data *mi = &frame_data.mi_grid[r * mi_cols + c];
+      buf += put_num(buf, '[', mi->ref_frame[0], 0);
+      buf += put_num(buf, ',', mi->ref_frame[1], ']');
+      if (compress) {  // RLE
+        for (t = c + 1; t < mi_cols; ++t) {
+          insp_mi_data *next_mi = &frame_data.mi_grid[r * mi_cols + t];
+          if (mi->ref_frame[0] != next_mi->ref_frame[0] ||
+              mi->ref_frame[1] != next_mi->ref_frame[1]) {
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+        if (t - c > 1) {
+          *(buf++) = ',';
+          buf += put_num(buf, '[', t - c - 1, ']');
+          c = t - 1;
+        }
+      }
+      if (c < mi_cols - 1) *(buf++) = ',';
+    }
+    *(buf++) = ']';
+    if (r < mi_rows - 1) *(buf++) = ',';
+  }
+  buf += put_str(buf, "],\n");
+  return (int)(buf - buffer);
+}
+
+int put_motion_vectors(char *buffer) {
+  const int mi_rows = frame_data.mi_rows;
+  const int mi_cols = frame_data.mi_cols;
+  char *buf = buffer;
+  int r, c, t;
+  buf += put_str(buf, "  \"motionVectors\": [");
+  for (r = 0; r < mi_rows; ++r) {
+    *(buf++) = '[';
+    for (c = 0; c < mi_cols; ++c) {
+      insp_mi_data *mi = &frame_data.mi_grid[r * mi_cols + c];
+      buf += put_num(buf, '[', mi->mv[0].col, 0);
+      buf += put_num(buf, ',', mi->mv[0].row, 0);
+      buf += put_num(buf, ',', mi->mv[1].col, 0);
+      buf += put_num(buf, ',', mi->mv[1].row, ']');
+      if (compress) {  // RLE
+        for (t = c + 1; t < mi_cols; ++t) {
+          insp_mi_data *next_mi = &frame_data.mi_grid[r * mi_cols + t];
+          if (mi->mv[0].col != next_mi->mv[0].col ||
+              mi->mv[0].row != next_mi->mv[0].row ||
+              mi->mv[1].col != next_mi->mv[1].col ||
+              mi->mv[1].row != next_mi->mv[1].row) {
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+        if (t - c > 1) {
+          *(buf++) = ',';
+          buf += put_num(buf, '[', t - c - 1, ']');
+          c = t - 1;
+        }
+      }
+      if (c < mi_cols - 1) *(buf++) = ',';
+    }
+    *(buf++) = ']';
+    if (r < mi_rows - 1) *(buf++) = ',';
+  }
+  buf += put_str(buf, "],\n");
+  return (int)(buf - buffer);
+}
+
+int put_combined(char *buffer) {
+  const int mi_rows = frame_data.mi_rows;
+  const int mi_cols = frame_data.mi_cols;
+  char *buf = buffer;
+  int r, c, p;
+  buf += put_str(buf, "  \"");
+  for (p = 0; p < combined_parm_count; ++p) {
+    if (p) buf += put_str(buf, "&");
+    buf += put_str(buf, parm_offsets[combined_parm_list[p]].parm);
+  }
+  buf += put_str(buf, "\": [");
+  for (r = 0; r < mi_rows; ++r) {
+    *(buf++) = '[';
+    for (c = 0; c < mi_cols; ++c) {
+      insp_mi_data *mi = &frame_data.mi_grid[r * mi_cols + c];
+      *(buf++) = '[';
+      for (p = 0; p < combined_parm_count; ++p) {
+        if (p) *(buf++) = ',';
+        int16_t *v = (int16_t *)(((int8_t *)mi) +
+                                 parm_offsets[combined_parm_list[p]].offset);
+        buf += put_num(buf, 0, v[0], 0);
+      }
+      *(buf++) = ']';
+      if (c < mi_cols - 1) *(buf++) = ',';
+    }
+    *(buf++) = ']';
+    if (r < mi_rows - 1) *(buf++) = ',';
+  }
+  buf += put_str(buf, "],\n");
+  return (int)(buf - buffer);
+}
+
+int put_block_info(char *buffer, const map_entry *map, const char *name,
+                   size_t offset, int len) {
+  const int mi_rows = frame_data.mi_rows;
+  const int mi_cols = frame_data.mi_cols;
+  char *buf = buffer;
+  int r, c, t, i;
+  if (compress && len == 1) {
+    die("Can't encode scalars as arrays when RLE compression is enabled.");
+  }
+  if (map) {
+    buf += snprintf(buf, MAX_BUFFER, "  \"%sMap\": {", name);
+    buf += put_map(buf, map);
+    buf += put_str(buf, "},\n");
+  }
+  buf += snprintf(buf, MAX_BUFFER, "  \"%s\": [", name);
+  for (r = 0; r < mi_rows; ++r) {
+    *(buf++) = '[';
+    for (c = 0; c < mi_cols; ++c) {
+      insp_mi_data *mi = &frame_data.mi_grid[r * mi_cols + c];
+      int16_t *v = (int16_t *)(((int8_t *)mi) + offset);
+      if (len == 0) {
+        buf += put_num(buf, 0, v[0], 0);
+      } else {
+        buf += put_str(buf, "[");
+        for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+          buf += put_num(buf, 0, v[i], 0);
+          if (i < len - 1) {
+            buf += put_str(buf, ",");
+          }
+        }
+        buf += put_str(buf, "]");
+      }
+      if (compress) {  // RLE
+        for (t = c + 1; t < mi_cols; ++t) {
+          insp_mi_data *next_mi = &frame_data.mi_grid[r * mi_cols + t];
+          int16_t *nv = (int16_t *)(((int8_t *)next_mi) + offset);
+          int same = 0;
+          if (len == 0) {
+            same = v[0] == nv[0];
+          } else {
+            for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+              same = v[i] == nv[i];
+              if (!same) {
+                break;
+              }
+            }
+          }
+          if (!same) {
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+        if (t - c > 1) {
+          *(buf++) = ',';
+          buf += put_num(buf, '[', t - c - 1, ']');
+          c = t - 1;
+        }
+      }
+      if (c < mi_cols - 1) *(buf++) = ',';
+    }
+    *(buf++) = ']';
+    if (r < mi_rows - 1) *(buf++) = ',';
+  }
+  buf += put_str(buf, "],\n");
+  return (int)(buf - buffer);
+}
+
+#if CONFIG_ACCOUNTING
+int put_accounting(char *buffer) {
+  char *buf = buffer;
+  int i;
+  const Accounting *accounting = frame_data.accounting;
+  if (accounting == NULL) {
+    printf("XXX\n");
+    return 0;
+  }
+  const int num_syms = accounting->syms.num_syms;
+  const int num_strs = accounting->syms.dictionary.num_strs;
+  buf += put_str(buf, "  \"symbolsMap\": [");
+  for (i = 0; i < num_strs; i++) {
+    buf += snprintf(buf, MAX_BUFFER, "\"%s\"",
+                    accounting->syms.dictionary.strs[i]);
+    if (i < num_strs - 1) *(buf++) = ',';
+  }
+  buf += put_str(buf, "],\n");
+  buf += put_str(buf, "  \"symbols\": [\n    ");
+  AccountingSymbolContext context;
+  context.x = -2;
+  context.y = -2;
+  AccountingSymbol *sym;
+  for (i = 0; i < num_syms; i++) {
+    sym = &accounting->syms.syms[i];
+    if (memcmp(&context, &sym->context, sizeof(AccountingSymbolContext)) != 0) {
+      buf += put_num(buf, '[', sym->context.x, 0);
+      buf += put_num(buf, ',', sym->context.y, ']');
+    } else {
+      buf += put_num(buf, '[', sym->id, 0);
+      buf += put_num(buf, ',', sym->bits, 0);
+      buf += put_num(buf, ',', sym->samples, ']');
+    }
+    context = sym->context;
+    if (i < num_syms - 1) *(buf++) = ',';
+  }
+  buf += put_str(buf, "],\n");
+  return (int)(buf - buffer);
+}
+#endif
+
+int skip_non_transform = 0;
+
+void inspect(void *pbi, void *data) {
+  /* Fetch frame data. */
+  ifd_inspect(&frame_data, pbi, skip_non_transform);
+
+  // Show existing frames just show a reference buffer we've already decoded.
+  // There's no information to show.
+  if (frame_data.show_existing_frame) return;
+
+  (void)data;
+  // We allocate enough space and hope we don't write out of bounds. Totally
+  // unsafe but this speeds things up, especially when compiled to Javascript.
+  char *buffer = aom_malloc(MAX_BUFFER);
+  if (!buffer) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Error allocating inspect info buffer\n");
+    abort();
+  }
+  char *buf = buffer;
+  buf += put_str(buf, "{\n");
+  if (layers & BLOCK_SIZE_LAYER) {
+    buf += put_block_info(buf, block_size_map, "blockSize",
+                          offsetof(insp_mi_data, bsize), 0);
+  }
+  if (layers & TRANSFORM_SIZE_LAYER) {
+    buf += put_block_info(buf, tx_size_map, "transformSize",
+                          offsetof(insp_mi_data, tx_size), 0);
+  }
+  if (layers & TRANSFORM_TYPE_LAYER) {
+    buf += put_block_info(buf, tx_type_map, "transformType",
+                          offsetof(insp_mi_data, tx_type), 0);
+  }
+  if (layers & DUAL_FILTER_LAYER) {
+    buf += put_block_info(buf, dual_filter_map, "dualFilterType",
+                          offsetof(insp_mi_data, dual_filter_type), 0);
+  }
+  if (layers & MODE_LAYER) {
+    buf += put_block_info(buf, prediction_mode_map, "mode",
+                          offsetof(insp_mi_data, mode), 0);
+  }
+  if (layers & UV_MODE_LAYER) {
+    buf += put_block_info(buf, uv_prediction_mode_map, "uv_mode",
+                          offsetof(insp_mi_data, uv_mode), 0);
+  }
+  if (layers & MOTION_MODE_LAYER) {
+    buf += put_block_info(buf, motion_mode_map, "motion_mode",
+                          offsetof(insp_mi_data, motion_mode), 0);
+  }
+  if (layers & COMPOUND_TYPE_LAYER) {
+    buf += put_block_info(buf, compound_type_map, "compound_type",
+                          offsetof(insp_mi_data, compound_type), 0);
+  }
+  if (layers & SKIP_LAYER) {
+    buf +=
+        put_block_info(buf, skip_map, "skip", offsetof(insp_mi_data, skip), 0);
+  }
+  if (layers & FILTER_LAYER) {
+    buf +=
+        put_block_info(buf, NULL, "filter", offsetof(insp_mi_data, filter), 2);
+  }
+  if (layers & CDEF_LAYER) {
+    buf += put_block_info(buf, NULL, "cdef_level",
+                          offsetof(insp_mi_data, cdef_level), 0);
+    buf += put_block_info(buf, NULL, "cdef_strength",
+                          offsetof(insp_mi_data, cdef_strength), 0);
+  }
+  if (layers & CFL_LAYER) {
+    buf += put_block_info(buf, NULL, "cfl_alpha_idx",
+                          offsetof(insp_mi_data, cfl_alpha_idx), 0);
+    buf += put_block_info(buf, NULL, "cfl_alpha_sign",
+                          offsetof(insp_mi_data, cfl_alpha_sign), 0);
+  }
+  if (layers & Q_INDEX_LAYER) {
+    buf += put_block_info(buf, NULL, "delta_q",
+                          offsetof(insp_mi_data, current_qindex), 0);
+  }
+  if (layers & SEGMENT_ID_LAYER) {
+    buf += put_block_info(buf, NULL, "seg_id",
+                          offsetof(insp_mi_data, segment_id), 0);
+  }
+  if (layers & MOTION_VECTORS_LAYER) {
+    buf += put_motion_vectors(buf);
+  }
+  if (layers & INTRABC_LAYER) {
+    buf += put_block_info(buf, intrabc_map, "intrabc",
+                          offsetof(insp_mi_data, intrabc), 0);
+  }
+  if (layers & PALETTE_LAYER) {
+    buf += put_block_info(buf, palette_map, "palette",
+                          offsetof(insp_mi_data, palette), 0);
+  }
+  if (layers & UV_PALETTE_LAYER) {
+    buf += put_block_info(buf, palette_map, "uv_palette",
+                          offsetof(insp_mi_data, uv_palette), 0);
+  }
+  if (combined_parm_count > 0) buf += put_combined(buf);
+  if (layers & REFERENCE_FRAME_LAYER) {
+    buf += put_block_info(buf, refs_map, "referenceFrame",
+                          offsetof(insp_mi_data, ref_frame), 2);
+  }
+#if CONFIG_ACCOUNTING
+  if (layers & ACCOUNTING_LAYER) {
+    buf += put_accounting(buf);
+  }
+#endif
+  buf +=
+      snprintf(buf, MAX_BUFFER, "  \"frame\": %d,\n", frame_data.frame_number);
+  buf += snprintf(buf, MAX_BUFFER, "  \"showFrame\": %d,\n",
+                  frame_data.show_frame);
+  buf += snprintf(buf, MAX_BUFFER, "  \"frameType\": %d,\n",
+                  frame_data.frame_type);
+  buf += snprintf(buf, MAX_BUFFER, "  \"baseQIndex\": %d,\n",
+                  frame_data.base_qindex);
+  buf += snprintf(buf, MAX_BUFFER, "  \"tileCols\": %d,\n",
+                  frame_data.tile_mi_cols);
+  buf += snprintf(buf, MAX_BUFFER, "  \"tileRows\": %d,\n",
+                  frame_data.tile_mi_rows);
+  buf += snprintf(buf, MAX_BUFFER, "  \"deltaQPresentFlag\": %d,\n",
+                  frame_data.delta_q_present_flag);
+  buf += snprintf(buf, MAX_BUFFER, "  \"deltaQRes\": %d,\n",
+                  frame_data.delta_q_res);
+  buf += put_str(buf, "  \"config\": {");
+  buf += put_map(buf, config_map);
+  buf += put_str(buf, "},\n");
+  buf += put_str(buf, "  \"configString\": \"");
+  buf += put_str_with_escape(buf, aom_codec_build_config());
+  buf += put_str(buf, "\"\n");
+  decoded_frame_count++;
+  buf += put_str(buf, "},\n");
+  *(buf++) = 0;
+  on_frame_decoded_dump(buffer);
+  aom_free(buffer);
+}
+
+void ifd_init_cb(void) {
+  aom_inspect_init ii;
+  ii.inspect_cb = inspect;
+  ii.inspect_ctx = NULL;
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1_SET_INSPECTION_CALLBACK, &ii);
+}
+
+EMSCRIPTEN_KEEPALIVE
+int open_file(char *file) {
+  if (file == NULL) {
+    // The JS analyzer puts the .ivf file at this location.
+    file = "/tmp/input.ivf";
+  }
+  reader = aom_video_reader_open(file);
+  if (!reader) die("Failed to open %s for reading.", file);
+  info = aom_video_reader_get_info(reader);
+  aom_codec_iface_t *decoder = get_aom_decoder_by_fourcc(info->codec_fourcc);
+  if (!decoder) die("Unknown input codec.");
+  fprintf(stderr, "Using %s\n", aom_codec_iface_name(decoder));
+  if (aom_codec_dec_init(&codec, decoder, NULL, 0))
+    die("Failed to initialize decoder.");
+  ifd_init(&frame_data, info->frame_width, info->frame_height);
+  ifd_init_cb();
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+Av1DecodeReturn adr;
+int have_frame = 0;
+const unsigned char *frame;
+const unsigned char *end_frame;
+size_t frame_size = 0;
+
+EMSCRIPTEN_KEEPALIVE
+int read_frame(void) {
+  img = NULL;
+
+  // This loop skips over any frames that are show_existing_frames,  as
+  // there is nothing to analyze.
+  do {
+    if (!have_frame) {
+      if (!aom_video_reader_read_frame(reader)) return EXIT_FAILURE;
+      frame = aom_video_reader_get_frame(reader, &frame_size);
+
+      have_frame = 1;
+      end_frame = frame + frame_size;
+    }
+
+    if (aom_codec_decode(&codec, frame, (unsigned int)frame_size, &adr) !=
+        AOM_CODEC_OK) {
+      die_codec(&codec, "Failed to decode frame.");
+    }
+
+    frame = adr.buf;
+    frame_size = end_frame - frame;
+    if (frame == end_frame) have_frame = 0;
+  } while (adr.show_existing);
+
+  int got_any_frames = 0;
+  aom_image_t *frame_img;
+  struct av1_ref_frame ref_dec;
+  ref_dec.idx = adr.idx;
+
+  // ref_dec.idx is the index to the reference buffer idx to AV1_GET_REFERENCE
+  // if its -1 the decoder didn't update any reference buffer and the only
+  // way to see the frame is aom_codec_get_frame.
+  if (ref_dec.idx == -1) {
+    aom_codec_iter_t iter = NULL;
+    img = frame_img = aom_codec_get_frame(&codec, &iter);
+    ++frame_count;
+    got_any_frames = 1;
+  } else if (!aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1_GET_REFERENCE, &ref_dec)) {
+    img = frame_img = &ref_dec.img;
+    ++frame_count;
+    got_any_frames = 1;
+  }
+  if (!got_any_frames) {
+    return EXIT_FAILURE;
+  }
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+EMSCRIPTEN_KEEPALIVE
+const char *get_aom_codec_build_config(void) {
+  return aom_codec_build_config();
+}
+
+EMSCRIPTEN_KEEPALIVE
+int get_bit_depth(void) { return img->bit_depth; }
+
+EMSCRIPTEN_KEEPALIVE
+int get_bits_per_sample(void) { return img->bps; }
+
+EMSCRIPTEN_KEEPALIVE
+int get_image_format(void) { return img->fmt; }
+
+EMSCRIPTEN_KEEPALIVE
+unsigned char *get_plane(int plane) { return img->planes[plane]; }
+
+EMSCRIPTEN_KEEPALIVE
+int get_plane_stride(int plane) { return img->stride[plane]; }
+
+EMSCRIPTEN_KEEPALIVE
+int get_plane_width(int plane) { return aom_img_plane_width(img, plane); }
+
+EMSCRIPTEN_KEEPALIVE
+int get_plane_height(int plane) { return aom_img_plane_height(img, plane); }
+
+EMSCRIPTEN_KEEPALIVE
+int get_frame_width(void) { return info->frame_width; }
+
+EMSCRIPTEN_KEEPALIVE
+int get_frame_height(void) { return info->frame_height; }
+
+static void parse_args(char **argv) {
+  char **argi, **argj;
+  struct arg arg;
+  (void)dump_accounting_arg;
+  (void)dump_cdef_arg;
+  for (argi = argj = argv; (*argj = *argi); argi += arg.argv_step) {
+    arg.argv_step = 1;
+    if (arg_match(&arg, &dump_block_size_arg, argi)) layers |= BLOCK_SIZE_LAYER;
+#if CONFIG_ACCOUNTING
+    else if (arg_match(&arg, &dump_accounting_arg, argi))
+      layers |= ACCOUNTING_LAYER;
+#endif
+    else if (arg_match(&arg, &dump_transform_size_arg, argi))
+      layers |= TRANSFORM_SIZE_LAYER;
+    else if (arg_match(&arg, &dump_transform_type_arg, argi))
+      layers |= TRANSFORM_TYPE_LAYER;
+    else if (arg_match(&arg, &dump_mode_arg, argi))
+      layers |= MODE_LAYER;
+    else if (arg_match(&arg, &dump_uv_mode_arg, argi))
+      layers |= UV_MODE_LAYER;
+    else if (arg_match(&arg, &dump_motion_mode_arg, argi))
+      layers |= MOTION_MODE_LAYER;
+    else if (arg_match(&arg, &dump_compound_type_arg, argi))
+      layers |= COMPOUND_TYPE_LAYER;
+    else if (arg_match(&arg, &dump_skip_arg, argi))
+      layers |= SKIP_LAYER;
+    else if (arg_match(&arg, &dump_filter_arg, argi))
+      layers |= FILTER_LAYER;
+    else if (arg_match(&arg, &dump_cdef_arg, argi))
+      layers |= CDEF_LAYER;
+    else if (arg_match(&arg, &dump_cfl_arg, argi))
+      layers |= CFL_LAYER;
+    else if (arg_match(&arg, &dump_reference_frame_arg, argi))
+      layers |= REFERENCE_FRAME_LAYER;
+    else if (arg_match(&arg, &dump_motion_vectors_arg, argi))
+      layers |= MOTION_VECTORS_LAYER;
+    else if (arg_match(&arg, &dump_dual_filter_type_arg, argi))
+      layers |= DUAL_FILTER_LAYER;
+    else if (arg_match(&arg, &dump_delta_q_arg, argi))
+      layers |= Q_INDEX_LAYER;
+    else if (arg_match(&arg, &dump_seg_id_arg, argi))
+      layers |= SEGMENT_ID_LAYER;
+    else if (arg_match(&arg, &dump_intrabc_arg, argi))
+      layers |= INTRABC_LAYER;
+    else if (arg_match(&arg, &dump_palette_arg, argi))
+      layers |= PALETTE_LAYER;
+    else if (arg_match(&arg, &dump_uv_palette_arg, argi))
+      layers |= UV_PALETTE_LAYER;
+    else if (arg_match(&arg, &dump_all_arg, argi))
+      layers |= ALL_LAYERS;
+    else if (arg_match(&arg, &compress_arg, argi))
+      compress = 1;
+    else if (arg_match(&arg, &usage_arg, argi))
+      usage_exit();
+    else if (arg_match(&arg, &limit_arg, argi))
+      stop_after = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
+    else if (arg_match(&arg, &skip_non_transform_arg, argi))
+      skip_non_transform = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
+    else if (arg_match(&arg, &combined_arg, argi))
+      convert_to_indices(
+          (char *)arg.val, combined_parm_list,
+          sizeof(combined_parm_list) / sizeof(combined_parm_list[0]),
+          &combined_parm_count);
+    else
+      argj++;
+  }
+}
+
+static const char *exec_name;
+
+void usage_exit(void) {
+  fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s src_filename <options>\n", exec_name);
+  fprintf(stderr, "\nOptions:\n");
+  arg_show_usage(stderr, main_args);
+  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+EMSCRIPTEN_KEEPALIVE
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+  exec_name = argv[0];
+  parse_args(argv);
+  if (argc >= 2) {
+    open_file(argv[1]);
+    printf("[\n");
+    while (1) {
+      if (stop_after && (decoded_frame_count >= stop_after)) break;
+      if (read_frame()) break;
+    }
+    printf("null\n");
+    printf("]");
+  } else {
+    usage_exit();
+  }
+}
+
+EMSCRIPTEN_KEEPALIVE
+void quit(void) {
+  if (aom_codec_destroy(&codec)) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to destroy codec");
+  aom_video_reader_close(reader);
+}
+
+EMSCRIPTEN_KEEPALIVE
+void set_layers(LayerType v) { layers = v; }
+
+EMSCRIPTEN_KEEPALIVE
+void set_compress(int v) { compress = v; }
diff --git a/third_party/aom/examples/lightfield_bitstream_parsing.c b/third_party/aom/examples/lightfield_bitstream_parsing.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..05272bafa3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/aom/examples/lightfield_bitstream_parsing.c
@@ -0,0 +1,415 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved
+ *
+ * This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
+ * the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
+ * was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
+ * obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
+ * Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
+ * PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
+ */
+
+// Lightfield Bitstream Parsing
+// ============================
+//
+// This is a lightfield bitstream parsing example. It takes an input file
+// containing the whole compressed lightfield bitstream(ivf file) and a text
+// file containing a stream of tiles to decode and then constructs and outputs
+// a new bitstream that can be decoded by an AV1 decoder. The output bitstream
+// contains reference frames(i.e. anchor frames), camera frame header, and
+// tile list OBUs. num_references is the number of anchor frames coded at the
+// beginning of the light field file.  After running the lightfield encoder,
+// run lightfield bitstream parsing:
+// examples/lightfield_bitstream_parsing vase10x10.ivf vase_tile_list.ivf 4
+//   tile_list.txt
+//
+// The tile_list.txt is expected to be of the form:
+// Frame <frame_index0>
+// <image_index0> <anchor_index0> <tile_col0> <tile_row0>
+// <image_index1> <anchor_index1> <tile_col1> <tile_row1>
+// ...
+// Frame <frame_index1)
+// ...
+//
+// The "Frame" markers indicate a new render frame and thus a new tile list
+// will be started and the old one flushed.  The image_indexN, anchor_indexN,
+// tile_colN, and tile_rowN identify an individual tile to be decoded and
+// to use anchor_indexN anchor image for MCP.
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "aom/aom_decoder.h"
+#include "aom/aom_encoder.h"
+#include "aom/aom_integer.h"
+#include "aom/aomdx.h"
+#include "aom_dsp/bitwriter_buffer.h"
+#include "common/tools_common.h"
+#include "common/video_reader.h"
+#include "common/video_writer.h"
+
+#define MAX_TILES 512
+
+static const char *exec_name;
+
+void usage_exit(void) {
+  fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <infile> <outfile> <num_references> <tile_list>\n",
+          exec_name);
+  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+#define ALIGN_POWER_OF_TWO(value, n) \
+  (((value) + ((1 << (n)) - 1)) & ~((1 << (n)) - 1))
+
+const int output_frame_width = 512;
+const int output_frame_height = 512;
+
+// Spec:
+// typedef struct {
+//   uint8_t anchor_frame_idx;
+//   uint8_t tile_row;
+//   uint8_t tile_col;
+//   uint16_t coded_tile_data_size_minus_1;
+//   uint8_t *coded_tile_data;
+// } TILE_LIST_ENTRY;
+
+// Tile list entry provided by the application
+typedef struct {
+  int image_idx;
+  int reference_idx;
+  int tile_col;
+  int tile_row;
+} TILE_LIST_INFO;
+
+static int get_image_bps(aom_img_fmt_t fmt) {
+  switch (fmt) {
+    case AOM_IMG_FMT_I420: return 12;
+    case AOM_IMG_FMT_I422: return 16;
+    case AOM_IMG_FMT_I444: return 24;
+    case AOM_IMG_FMT_I42016: return 24;
+    case AOM_IMG_FMT_I42216: return 32;
+    case AOM_IMG_FMT_I44416: return 48;
+    default: die("Invalid image format");
+  }
+}
+
+static void process_tile_list(const TILE_LIST_INFO *tiles, int num_tiles,
+                              aom_codec_pts_t tl_pts, unsigned char **frames,
+                              const size_t *frame_sizes, aom_codec_ctx_t *codec,
+                              unsigned char *tl_buf, AvxVideoWriter *writer,
+                              uint8_t output_frame_width_in_tiles_minus_1,
+                              uint8_t output_frame_height_in_tiles_minus_1) {
+  unsigned char *tl = tl_buf;
+  struct aom_write_bit_buffer wb = { tl, 0 };
+  unsigned char *saved_obu_size_loc = NULL;
+  uint32_t tile_list_obu_header_size = 0;
+  uint32_t tile_list_obu_size = 0;
+  int num_tiles_minus_1 = num_tiles - 1;
+  int i;
+
+  // Write the tile list OBU header that is 1 byte long.
+  aom_wb_write_literal(&wb, 0, 1);  // forbidden bit.
+  aom_wb_write_literal(&wb, 8, 4);  // tile list OBU: "1000"
+  aom_wb_write_literal(&wb, 0, 1);  // obu_extension = 0
+  aom_wb_write_literal(&wb, 1, 1);  // obu_has_size_field
+  aom_wb_write_literal(&wb, 0, 1);  // reserved
+  tl++;
+  tile_list_obu_header_size++;
+
+  // Write the OBU size using a fixed length_field_size of 4 bytes.
+  saved_obu_size_loc = tl;
+  // aom_wb_write_unsigned_literal(&wb, data, bits) requires that bits <= 32.
+  aom_wb_write_unsigned_literal(&wb, 0, 32);
+  tl += 4;
+  tile_list_obu_header_size += 4;
+
+  // write_tile_list_obu()
+  aom_wb_write_literal(&wb, output_frame_width_in_tiles_minus_1, 8);
+  aom_wb_write_literal(&wb, output_frame_height_in_tiles_minus_1, 8);
+  aom_wb_write_literal(&wb, num_tiles_minus_1, 16);
+  tl += 4;
+  tile_list_obu_size += 4;
+
+  // Write each tile's data
+  for (i = 0; i <= num_tiles_minus_1; i++) {
+    aom_tile_data tile_data = { 0, NULL, 0 };
+
+    int image_idx = tiles[i].image_idx;
+    int ref_idx = tiles[i].reference_idx;
+    int tc = tiles[i].tile_col;
+    int tr = tiles[i].tile_row;
+
+    // Reset bit writer to the right location.
+    wb.bit_buffer = tl;
+    wb.bit_offset = 0;
+
+    size_t frame_size = frame_sizes[image_idx];
+    const unsigned char *frame = frames[image_idx];
+
+    AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(codec, AV1_SET_DECODE_TILE_ROW, tr);
+    AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(codec, AV1_SET_DECODE_TILE_COL, tc);
+
+    aom_codec_err_t aom_status =
+        aom_codec_decode(codec, frame, frame_size, NULL);
+    if (aom_status) die_codec(codec, "Failed to decode tile.");
+
+    AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(codec, AV1D_GET_TILE_DATA, &tile_data);
+
+    // Copy over tile info.
+    //  uint8_t anchor_frame_idx;
+    //  uint8_t tile_row;
+    //  uint8_t tile_col;
+    //  uint16_t coded_tile_data_size_minus_1;
+    //  uint8_t *coded_tile_data;
+    uint32_t tile_info_bytes = 5;
+    aom_wb_write_literal(&wb, ref_idx, 8);
+    aom_wb_write_literal(&wb, tr, 8);
+    aom_wb_write_literal(&wb, tc, 8);
+    aom_wb_write_literal(&wb, (int)tile_data.coded_tile_data_size - 1, 16);
+    tl += tile_info_bytes;
+
+    memcpy(tl, (uint8_t *)tile_data.coded_tile_data,
+           tile_data.coded_tile_data_size);
+    tl += tile_data.coded_tile_data_size;
+
+    tile_list_obu_size +=
+        tile_info_bytes + (uint32_t)tile_data.coded_tile_data_size;
+  }
+
+  // Write tile list OBU size.
+  size_t bytes_written = 0;
+  if (aom_uleb_encode_fixed_size(tile_list_obu_size, 4, 4, saved_obu_size_loc,
+                                 &bytes_written))
+    die_codec(codec, "Failed to encode the tile list obu size.");
+
+  // Copy the tile list.
+  if (!aom_video_writer_write_frame(
+          writer, tl_buf, tile_list_obu_header_size + tile_list_obu_size,
+          tl_pts))
+    die_codec(codec, "Failed to copy compressed tile list.");
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+  AvxVideoReader *reader = NULL;
+  AvxVideoWriter *writer = NULL;
+  const AvxVideoInfo *info = NULL;
+  int num_references;
+  int i;
+  aom_codec_pts_t pts;
+  const char *tile_list_file = NULL;
+
+  exec_name = argv[0];
+  if (argc != 5) die("Invalid number of arguments.");
+
+  reader = aom_video_reader_open(argv[1]);
+  if (!reader) die("Failed to open %s for reading.", argv[1]);
+
+  num_references = (int)strtol(argv[3], NULL, 0);
+  info = aom_video_reader_get_info(reader);
+
+  aom_video_reader_set_fourcc(reader, AV1_FOURCC);
+
+  // The writer to write out ivf file in tile list OBU, which can be decoded by
+  // AV1 decoder.
+  writer = aom_video_writer_open(argv[2], kContainerIVF, info);
+  if (!writer) die("Failed to open %s for writing", argv[2]);
+
+  tile_list_file = argv[4];
+
+  aom_codec_iface_t *decoder = get_aom_decoder_by_fourcc(info->codec_fourcc);
+  if (!decoder) die("Unknown input codec.");
+  printf("Using %s\n", aom_codec_iface_name(decoder));
+
+  aom_codec_ctx_t codec;
+  if (aom_codec_dec_init(&codec, decoder, NULL, 0))
+    die("Failed to initialize decoder.");
+
+  // Decode anchor frames.
+  AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&codec, AV1_SET_TILE_MODE, 0);
+
+  printf("Reading %d reference images.\n", num_references);
+  for (i = 0; i < num_references; ++i) {
+    aom_video_reader_read_frame(reader);
+
+    size_t frame_size = 0;
+    const unsigned char *frame =
+        aom_video_reader_get_frame(reader, &frame_size);
+    pts = (aom_codec_pts_t)aom_video_reader_get_frame_pts(reader);
+
+    // Copy references bitstream directly.
+    if (!aom_video_writer_write_frame(writer, frame, frame_size, pts))
+      die_codec(&codec, "Failed to copy compressed anchor frame.");
+
+    if (aom_codec_decode(&codec, frame, frame_size, NULL))
+      die_codec(&codec, "Failed to decode frame.");
+  }
+
+  // Decode camera frames.
+  AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&codec, AV1_SET_TILE_MODE, 1);
+  AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&codec, AV1D_EXT_TILE_DEBUG, 1);
+
+  FILE *infile = aom_video_reader_get_file(reader);
+  // Record the offset of the first camera image.
+  const FileOffset camera_frame_pos = ftello(infile);
+
+  printf("Loading compressed frames into memory.\n");
+
+  // Count the frames in the lightfield.
+  int num_frames = 0;
+  while (aom_video_reader_read_frame(reader)) {
+    ++num_frames;
+  }
+  if (num_frames < 1) die("Input light field has no frames.");
+
+  // Read all of the lightfield frames into memory.
+  unsigned char **frames =
+      (unsigned char **)malloc(num_frames * sizeof(unsigned char *));
+  size_t *frame_sizes = (size_t *)malloc(num_frames * sizeof(size_t));
+  if (!(frames && frame_sizes)) die("Failed to allocate frame data.");
+
+  // Seek to the first camera image.
+  fseeko(infile, camera_frame_pos, SEEK_SET);
+  for (int f = 0; f < num_frames; ++f) {
+    aom_video_reader_read_frame(reader);
+    size_t frame_size = 0;
+    const unsigned char *frame =
+        aom_video_reader_get_frame(reader, &frame_size);
+    frames[f] = (unsigned char *)malloc(frame_size * sizeof(unsigned char));
+    if (!frames[f]) die("Failed to allocate frame data.");
+    memcpy(frames[f], frame, frame_size);
+    frame_sizes[f] = frame_size;
+  }
+  printf("Read %d frames.\n", num_frames);
+
+  // Copy first camera frame for getting camera frame header. This is done
+  // only once.
+  {
+    size_t frame_size = frame_sizes[0];
+    const unsigned char *frame = frames[0];
+    pts = num_references;
+    aom_tile_data frame_header_info = { 0, NULL, 0 };
+
+    // Need to decode frame header to get camera frame header info. So, here
+    // decoding 1 tile is enough.
+    AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&codec, AV1_SET_DECODE_TILE_ROW, 0);
+    AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&codec, AV1_SET_DECODE_TILE_COL, 0);
+
+    aom_codec_err_t aom_status =
+        aom_codec_decode(&codec, frame, frame_size, NULL);
+    if (aom_status) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to decode tile.");
+
+    AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&codec, AV1D_GET_FRAME_HEADER_INFO,
+                                  &frame_header_info);
+
+    size_t obu_size_offset =
+        (uint8_t *)frame_header_info.coded_tile_data - frame;
+    size_t length_field_size = frame_header_info.coded_tile_data_size;
+    // Remove ext-tile tile info.
+    uint32_t frame_header_size = (uint32_t)frame_header_info.extra_size - 1;
+    size_t bytes_to_copy =
+        obu_size_offset + length_field_size + frame_header_size;
+
+    unsigned char *frame_hdr_buf = (unsigned char *)malloc(bytes_to_copy);
+    if (frame_hdr_buf == NULL)
+      die_codec(&codec, "Failed to allocate frame header buffer.");
+
+    memcpy(frame_hdr_buf, frame, bytes_to_copy);
+
+    // Update frame header OBU size.
+    size_t bytes_written = 0;
+    if (aom_uleb_encode_fixed_size(
+            frame_header_size, length_field_size, length_field_size,
+            frame_hdr_buf + obu_size_offset, &bytes_written))
+      die_codec(&codec, "Failed to encode the tile list obu size.");
+
+    // Copy camera frame header bitstream.
+    if (!aom_video_writer_write_frame(writer, frame_hdr_buf, bytes_to_copy,
+                                      pts))
+      die_codec(&codec, "Failed to copy compressed camera frame header.");
+    free(frame_hdr_buf);
+  }
+
+  // Read out the image format.
+  aom_img_fmt_t ref_fmt = 0;
+  if (AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&codec, AV1D_GET_IMG_FORMAT, &ref_fmt))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to get the image format");
+  const int bps = get_image_bps(ref_fmt);
+  if (!bps) die_codec(&codec, "Invalid image format.");
+  // read out the tile size.
+  unsigned int tile_size = 0;
+  if (AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&codec, AV1D_GET_TILE_SIZE, &tile_size))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to get the tile size");
+  const unsigned int tile_width = tile_size >> 16;
+  const unsigned int tile_height = tile_size & 65535;
+  // Allocate a buffer to store tile list bitstream.
+  const size_t data_sz = MAX_TILES * ALIGN_POWER_OF_TWO(tile_width, 5) *
+                         ALIGN_POWER_OF_TWO(tile_height, 5) * bps / 8;
+
+  unsigned char *tl_buf = (unsigned char *)malloc(data_sz);
+  if (tl_buf == NULL) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to allocate tile list buffer.");
+
+  aom_codec_pts_t tl_pts = num_references;
+  const uint8_t output_frame_width_in_tiles_minus_1 =
+      output_frame_width / tile_width - 1;
+  const uint8_t output_frame_height_in_tiles_minus_1 =
+      output_frame_height / tile_height - 1;
+
+  printf("Reading tile list from file.\n");
+  char line[1024];
+  FILE *tile_list_fptr = fopen(tile_list_file, "r");
+  if (!tile_list_fptr) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to open tile list file.");
+  int num_tiles = 0;
+  TILE_LIST_INFO tiles[MAX_TILES];
+  while ((fgets(line, 1024, tile_list_fptr)) != NULL) {
+    if (line[0] == 'F' || num_tiles >= MAX_TILES) {
+      // Flush existing tile list and start another, either because we hit a
+      // new render frame or because we've hit our max number of tiles per list.
+      if (num_tiles > 0) {
+        process_tile_list(tiles, num_tiles, tl_pts, frames, frame_sizes, &codec,
+                          tl_buf, writer, output_frame_width_in_tiles_minus_1,
+                          output_frame_height_in_tiles_minus_1);
+        ++tl_pts;
+      }
+      num_tiles = 0;
+    }
+    if (line[0] == 'F') {
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (sscanf(line, "%d %d %d %d", &tiles[num_tiles].image_idx,
+               &tiles[num_tiles].reference_idx, &tiles[num_tiles].tile_col,
+               &tiles[num_tiles].tile_row) == 4) {
+      if (tiles[num_tiles].image_idx >= num_frames) {
+        die("Tile list image_idx out of bounds: %d >= %d.",
+            tiles[num_tiles].image_idx, num_frames);
+      }
+      if (tiles[num_tiles].reference_idx >= num_references) {
+        die("Tile list reference_idx out of bounds: %d >= %d.",
+            tiles[num_tiles].reference_idx, num_references);
+      }
+      ++num_tiles;
+    }
+  }
+  if (num_tiles > 0) {
+    // Flush out the last tile list.
+    process_tile_list(tiles, num_tiles, tl_pts, frames, frame_sizes, &codec,
+                      tl_buf, writer, output_frame_width_in_tiles_minus_1,
+                      output_frame_height_in_tiles_minus_1);
+    ++tl_pts;
+  }
+
+  const int num_tile_lists = (int)(tl_pts - pts);
+  printf("Finished processing tile lists.  Num tile lists: %d.\n",
+         num_tile_lists);
+  free(tl_buf);
+  for (int f = 0; f < num_frames; ++f) {
+    free(frames[f]);
+  }
+  free(frame_sizes);
+  free(frames);
+  if (aom_codec_destroy(&codec)) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to destroy codec");
+  aom_video_writer_close(writer);
+  aom_video_reader_close(reader);
+
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/third_party/aom/examples/lightfield_decoder.c b/third_party/aom/examples/lightfield_decoder.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..65b13efa1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/aom/examples/lightfield_decoder.c
@@ -0,0 +1,381 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved
+ *
+ * This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
+ * the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
+ * was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
+ * obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
+ * Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
+ * PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
+ */
+
+// Lightfield Decoder
+// ==================
+//
+// This is an example of a simple lightfield decoder. It builds upon the
+// simple_decoder.c example.  It takes an input file containing the compressed
+// data (in ivf format), treating it as a lightfield instead of a video; and a
+// text file with a list of tiles to decode. There is an optional parameter
+// allowing to choose the output format, and the supported formats are
+// YUV1D(default), YUV, and NV12.
+// After running the lightfield encoder, run lightfield decoder to decode a
+// batch of tiles:
+// examples/lightfield_decoder vase10x10.ivf vase_reference.yuv 4 tile_list.txt
+// 0(optional)
+// The tile_list.txt is expected to be of the form:
+// Frame <frame_index0>
+// <image_index0> <anchor_index0> <tile_col0> <tile_row0>
+// <image_index1> <anchor_index1> <tile_col1> <tile_row1>
+// ...
+// Frame <frame_index1)
+// ...
+//
+// The "Frame" markers indicate a new render frame and thus a new tile list
+// will be started and the old one flushed.  The image_indexN, anchor_indexN,
+// tile_colN, and tile_rowN identify an individual tile to be decoded and
+// to use anchor_indexN anchor image for MCP.
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "aom/aom_decoder.h"
+#include "aom/aomdx.h"
+#include "aom_scale/yv12config.h"
+#include "av1/common/enums.h"
+#include "common/tools_common.h"
+#include "common/video_reader.h"
+
+enum {
+  YUV1D,  // 1D tile output for conformance test.
+  YUV,    // Tile output in YUV format.
+  NV12,   // Tile output in NV12 format.
+} UENUM1BYTE(OUTPUT_FORMAT);
+
+static const char *exec_name;
+
+void usage_exit(void) {
+  fprintf(stderr,
+          "Usage: %s <infile> <outfile> <num_references> <tile_list> <output "
+          "format(optional)>\n",
+          exec_name);
+  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+// Output frame size
+static const int output_frame_width = 512;
+static const int output_frame_height = 512;
+
+static void aom_img_copy_tile(const aom_image_t *src, const aom_image_t *dst,
+                              int dst_row_offset, int dst_col_offset) {
+  const int shift = (src->fmt & AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH) ? 1 : 0;
+  int plane;
+
+  for (plane = 0; plane < 3; ++plane) {
+    const unsigned char *src_buf = src->planes[plane];
+    const int src_stride = src->stride[plane];
+    unsigned char *dst_buf = dst->planes[plane];
+    const int dst_stride = dst->stride[plane];
+    const int roffset =
+        (plane > 0) ? dst_row_offset >> dst->y_chroma_shift : dst_row_offset;
+    const int coffset =
+        (plane > 0) ? dst_col_offset >> dst->x_chroma_shift : dst_col_offset;
+
+    // col offset needs to be adjusted for HBD.
+    dst_buf += roffset * dst_stride + (coffset << shift);
+
+    const int w = (aom_img_plane_width(src, plane) << shift);
+    const int h = aom_img_plane_height(src, plane);
+    int y;
+
+    for (y = 0; y < h; ++y) {
+      memcpy(dst_buf, src_buf, w);
+      src_buf += src_stride;
+      dst_buf += dst_stride;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+static void decode_tile(aom_codec_ctx_t *codec, const unsigned char *frame,
+                        size_t frame_size, int tr, int tc, int ref_idx,
+                        aom_image_t *reference_images, aom_image_t *output,
+                        int *tile_idx, unsigned int *output_bit_depth,
+                        aom_image_t **img_ptr, int output_format) {
+  AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(codec, AV1_SET_TILE_MODE, 1);
+  AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(codec, AV1D_EXT_TILE_DEBUG, 1);
+  AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(codec, AV1_SET_DECODE_TILE_ROW, tr);
+  AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(codec, AV1_SET_DECODE_TILE_COL, tc);
+
+  av1_ref_frame_t ref;
+  ref.idx = 0;
+  ref.use_external_ref = 1;
+  ref.img = reference_images[ref_idx];
+  if (AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(codec, AV1_SET_REFERENCE, &ref)) {
+    die_codec(codec, "Failed to set reference frame.");
+  }
+
+  aom_codec_err_t aom_status = aom_codec_decode(codec, frame, frame_size, NULL);
+  if (aom_status) die_codec(codec, "Failed to decode tile.");
+
+  aom_codec_iter_t iter = NULL;
+  aom_image_t *img = aom_codec_get_frame(codec, &iter);
+  if (!img) die_codec(codec, "Failed to get frame.");
+  *img_ptr = img;
+
+  // aom_img_alloc() sets bit_depth as follows:
+  // output->bit_depth = (fmt & AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH) ? 16 : 8;
+  // Use img->bit_depth(read from bitstream), so that aom_shift_img()
+  // works as expected.
+  output->bit_depth = img->bit_depth;
+  *output_bit_depth = img->bit_depth;
+
+  if (output_format != YUV1D) {
+    // read out the tile size.
+    unsigned int tile_size = 0;
+    if (AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(codec, AV1D_GET_TILE_SIZE, &tile_size))
+      die_codec(codec, "Failed to get the tile size");
+    const unsigned int tile_width = tile_size >> 16;
+    const unsigned int tile_height = tile_size & 65535;
+    const uint32_t output_frame_width_in_tiles =
+        output_frame_width / tile_width;
+
+    // Copy the tile to the output frame.
+    const int row_offset =
+        (*tile_idx / output_frame_width_in_tiles) * tile_height;
+    const int col_offset =
+        (*tile_idx % output_frame_width_in_tiles) * tile_width;
+
+    aom_img_copy_tile(img, output, row_offset, col_offset);
+    (*tile_idx)++;
+  }
+}
+
+static void img_write_to_file(const aom_image_t *img, FILE *file,
+                              int output_format) {
+  if (output_format == YUV)
+    aom_img_write(img, file);
+  else if (output_format == NV12)
+    aom_img_write_nv12(img, file);
+  else
+    die("Invalid output format");
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+  FILE *outfile = NULL;
+  AvxVideoReader *reader = NULL;
+  const AvxVideoInfo *info = NULL;
+  int num_references;
+  aom_img_fmt_t ref_fmt = 0;
+  aom_image_t reference_images[MAX_EXTERNAL_REFERENCES];
+  aom_image_t output;
+  aom_image_t *output_shifted = NULL;
+  size_t frame_size = 0;
+  const unsigned char *frame = NULL;
+  int i, j;
+  const char *tile_list_file = NULL;
+  int output_format = YUV1D;
+  exec_name = argv[0];
+
+  if (argc < 5) die("Invalid number of arguments.");
+
+  reader = aom_video_reader_open(argv[1]);
+  if (!reader) die("Failed to open %s for reading.", argv[1]);
+
+  if (!(outfile = fopen(argv[2], "wb")))
+    die("Failed to open %s for writing.", argv[2]);
+
+  num_references = (int)strtol(argv[3], NULL, 0);
+  tile_list_file = argv[4];
+
+  if (argc > 5) output_format = (int)strtol(argv[5], NULL, 0);
+  if (output_format < YUV1D || output_format > NV12)
+    die("Output format out of range [0, 2]");
+
+  info = aom_video_reader_get_info(reader);
+
+  aom_codec_iface_t *decoder;
+  if (info->codec_fourcc == LST_FOURCC)
+    decoder = get_aom_decoder_by_fourcc(AV1_FOURCC);
+  else
+    die("Unknown input codec.");
+  printf("Using %s\n", aom_codec_iface_name(decoder));
+
+  aom_codec_ctx_t codec;
+  if (aom_codec_dec_init(&codec, decoder, NULL, 0))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to initialize decoder.");
+
+  if (AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&codec, AV1D_SET_IS_ANNEXB,
+                                    info->is_annexb)) {
+    die("Failed to set annex b status");
+  }
+
+  // Decode anchor frames.
+  AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&codec, AV1_SET_TILE_MODE, 0);
+  for (i = 0; i < num_references; ++i) {
+    aom_video_reader_read_frame(reader);
+    frame = aom_video_reader_get_frame(reader, &frame_size);
+    if (aom_codec_decode(&codec, frame, frame_size, NULL))
+      die_codec(&codec, "Failed to decode frame.");
+
+    if (i == 0) {
+      if (AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&codec, AV1D_GET_IMG_FORMAT, &ref_fmt))
+        die_codec(&codec, "Failed to get the image format");
+
+      int frame_res[2];
+      if (AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&codec, AV1D_GET_FRAME_SIZE, frame_res))
+        die_codec(&codec, "Failed to get the image frame size");
+
+      // Allocate memory to store decoded references. Allocate memory with the
+      // border so that it can be used as a reference.
+      for (j = 0; j < num_references; j++) {
+        unsigned int border = AOM_DEC_BORDER_IN_PIXELS;
+        if (!aom_img_alloc_with_border(&reference_images[j], ref_fmt,
+                                       frame_res[0], frame_res[1], 32, 8,
+                                       border)) {
+          die("Failed to allocate references.");
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&codec, AV1_COPY_NEW_FRAME_IMAGE,
+                                      &reference_images[i]))
+      die_codec(&codec, "Failed to copy decoded reference frame");
+
+    aom_codec_iter_t iter = NULL;
+    aom_image_t *img = NULL;
+    while ((img = aom_codec_get_frame(&codec, &iter)) != NULL) {
+      char name[1024];
+      snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "ref_%d.yuv", i);
+      printf("writing ref image to %s, %u, %u\n", name, img->d_w, img->d_h);
+      FILE *ref_file = fopen(name, "wb");
+      aom_img_write(img, ref_file);
+      fclose(ref_file);
+    }
+  }
+
+  FILE *infile = aom_video_reader_get_file(reader);
+  // Record the offset of the first camera image.
+  const FileOffset camera_frame_pos = ftello(infile);
+
+  printf("Loading compressed frames into memory.\n");
+
+  // Count the frames in the lightfield.
+  int num_frames = 0;
+  while (aom_video_reader_read_frame(reader)) {
+    ++num_frames;
+  }
+  if (num_frames < 1) die("Input light field has no frames.");
+
+  // Read all of the lightfield frames into memory.
+  unsigned char **frames =
+      (unsigned char **)malloc(num_frames * sizeof(unsigned char *));
+  size_t *frame_sizes = (size_t *)malloc(num_frames * sizeof(size_t));
+  if (!(frames && frame_sizes)) die("Failed to allocate frame data.");
+  // Seek to the first camera image.
+  fseeko(infile, camera_frame_pos, SEEK_SET);
+  for (int f = 0; f < num_frames; ++f) {
+    aom_video_reader_read_frame(reader);
+    frame = aom_video_reader_get_frame(reader, &frame_size);
+    frames[f] = (unsigned char *)malloc(frame_size * sizeof(unsigned char));
+    if (!frames[f]) die("Failed to allocate frame data.");
+    memcpy(frames[f], frame, frame_size);
+    frame_sizes[f] = frame_size;
+  }
+  printf("Read %d frames.\n", num_frames);
+
+  if (output_format != YUV1D) {
+    // Allocate the output frame.
+    aom_img_fmt_t out_fmt = ref_fmt;
+    if (FORCE_HIGHBITDEPTH_DECODING) out_fmt |= AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH;
+    if (!aom_img_alloc(&output, out_fmt, output_frame_width,
+                       output_frame_height, 32))
+      die("Failed to allocate output image.");
+  }
+
+  printf("Decoding tile list from file.\n");
+  char line[1024];
+  FILE *tile_list_fptr = fopen(tile_list_file, "r");
+  if (!tile_list_fptr) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to open tile list file.");
+  int tile_list_cnt = 0;
+  int tile_list_writes = 0;
+  int tile_idx = 0;
+  aom_image_t *out = NULL;
+  unsigned int output_bit_depth = 0;
+
+  while ((fgets(line, 1024, tile_list_fptr)) != NULL) {
+    if (line[0] == 'F') {
+      if (output_format != YUV1D) {
+        // Write out the tile list.
+        if (tile_list_cnt) {
+          out = &output;
+          if (output_bit_depth != 0) {
+            if (!aom_shift_img(output_bit_depth, &out, &output_shifted)) {
+              die("Error allocating image");
+            }
+          }
+          img_write_to_file(out, outfile, output_format);
+          tile_list_writes++;
+        }
+
+        tile_list_cnt++;
+        tile_idx = 0;
+        // Then memset the frame.
+        memset(output.img_data, 0, output.sz);
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    int image_idx, ref_idx, tc, tr;
+    sscanf(line, "%d %d %d %d", &image_idx, &ref_idx, &tc, &tr);
+    if (image_idx >= num_frames) {
+      die("Tile list image_idx out of bounds: %d >= %d.", image_idx,
+          num_frames);
+    }
+    if (ref_idx >= num_references) {
+      die("Tile list ref_idx out of bounds: %d >= %d.", ref_idx,
+          num_references);
+    }
+    frame = frames[image_idx];
+    frame_size = frame_sizes[image_idx];
+
+    aom_image_t *img = NULL;
+    decode_tile(&codec, frame, frame_size, tr, tc, ref_idx, reference_images,
+                &output, &tile_idx, &output_bit_depth, &img, output_format);
+    if (output_format == YUV1D) {
+      out = img;
+      if (output_bit_depth != 0) {
+        if (!aom_shift_img(output_bit_depth, &out, &output_shifted)) {
+          die("Error allocating image");
+        }
+      }
+      aom_img_write(out, outfile);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (output_format != YUV1D) {
+    // Write out the last tile list.
+    if (tile_list_writes < tile_list_cnt) {
+      out = &output;
+      if (output_bit_depth != 0) {
+        if (!aom_shift_img(output_bit_depth, &out, &output_shifted)) {
+          die("Error allocating image");
+        }
+      }
+      img_write_to_file(out, outfile, output_format);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (output_shifted) aom_img_free(output_shifted);
+  if (output_format != YUV1D) aom_img_free(&output);
+  for (i = 0; i < num_references; i++) aom_img_free(&reference_images[i]);
+  for (int f = 0; f < num_frames; ++f) {
+    free(frames[f]);
+  }
+  free(frame_sizes);
+  free(frames);
+  if (aom_codec_destroy(&codec)) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to destroy codec");
+  aom_video_reader_close(reader);
+  fclose(outfile);
+
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/third_party/aom/examples/lightfield_encoder.c b/third_party/aom/examples/lightfield_encoder.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9aef836ac2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/aom/examples/lightfield_encoder.c
@@ -0,0 +1,525 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved
+ *
+ * This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
+ * the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
+ * was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
+ * obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
+ * Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
+ * PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
+ */
+
+// Lightfield Encoder
+// ==================
+//
+// This is an example of a simple lightfield encoder.  It builds upon the
+// twopass_encoder.c example. It takes an input file in YV12 format,
+// treating it as a planar lightfield instead of a video. The img_width
+// and img_height arguments are the dimensions of the lightfield images,
+// while the lf_width and lf_height arguments are the number of
+// lightfield images in each dimension. The lf_blocksize determines the
+// number of reference images used for MCP. For example, 5 means that there
+// is a reference image for every 5x5 lightfield image block. All images
+// within a block will use the center image in that block as the reference
+// image for MCP.
+// Run "make test" to download lightfield test data: vase10x10.yuv.
+// Run lightfield encoder to encode whole lightfield:
+// examples/lightfield_encoder 1024 1024 vase10x10.yuv vase10x10.ivf 10 10 5
+
+// Note: In bitstream.c and encoder.c, define EXT_TILE_DEBUG as 1 will print
+// out the uncompressed header and the frame contexts, which can be used to
+// test the bit exactness of the headers and the frame contexts for large scale
+// tile coded frames.
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "aom/aom_encoder.h"
+#include "aom/aomcx.h"
+#include "aom_scale/yv12config.h"
+#include "av1/common/enums.h"
+#include "av1/encoder/encoder_utils.h"
+#include "common/tools_common.h"
+#include "common/video_writer.h"
+
+static const char *exec_name;
+
+void usage_exit(void) {
+  fprintf(stderr,
+          "Usage: %s <img_width> <img_height> <infile> <outfile> "
+          "<lf_width> <lf_height> <lf_blocksize>\n",
+          exec_name);
+  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+static int img_size_bytes(aom_image_t *img) {
+  int image_size_bytes = 0;
+  int plane;
+  for (plane = 0; plane < 3; ++plane) {
+    const int w = aom_img_plane_width(img, plane) *
+                  ((img->fmt & AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH) ? 2 : 1);
+    const int h = aom_img_plane_height(img, plane);
+    image_size_bytes += w * h;
+  }
+  return image_size_bytes;
+}
+
+static int get_frame_stats(aom_codec_ctx_t *ctx, const aom_image_t *img,
+                           aom_codec_pts_t pts, unsigned int duration,
+                           aom_enc_frame_flags_t flags,
+                           aom_fixed_buf_t *stats) {
+  int got_pkts = 0;
+  aom_codec_iter_t iter = NULL;
+  const aom_codec_cx_pkt_t *pkt = NULL;
+  const aom_codec_err_t res = aom_codec_encode(ctx, img, pts, duration, flags);
+  if (res != AOM_CODEC_OK) die_codec(ctx, "Failed to get frame stats.");
+
+  while ((pkt = aom_codec_get_cx_data(ctx, &iter)) != NULL) {
+    got_pkts = 1;
+
+    if (pkt->kind == AOM_CODEC_STATS_PKT) {
+      const uint8_t *const pkt_buf = pkt->data.twopass_stats.buf;
+      const size_t pkt_size = pkt->data.twopass_stats.sz;
+      stats->buf = realloc(stats->buf, stats->sz + pkt_size);
+      if (!stats->buf) die("Failed to allocate frame stats buffer.");
+      memcpy((uint8_t *)stats->buf + stats->sz, pkt_buf, pkt_size);
+      stats->sz += pkt_size;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return got_pkts;
+}
+
+static int encode_frame(aom_codec_ctx_t *ctx, const aom_image_t *img,
+                        aom_codec_pts_t pts, unsigned int duration,
+                        aom_enc_frame_flags_t flags, AvxVideoWriter *writer) {
+  int got_pkts = 0;
+  aom_codec_iter_t iter = NULL;
+  const aom_codec_cx_pkt_t *pkt = NULL;
+  const aom_codec_err_t res = aom_codec_encode(ctx, img, pts, duration, flags);
+  if (res != AOM_CODEC_OK) die_codec(ctx, "Failed to encode frame.");
+
+  while ((pkt = aom_codec_get_cx_data(ctx, &iter)) != NULL) {
+    got_pkts = 1;
+    if (pkt->kind == AOM_CODEC_CX_FRAME_PKT) {
+      const int keyframe = (pkt->data.frame.flags & AOM_FRAME_IS_KEY) != 0;
+
+      if (!aom_video_writer_write_frame(writer, pkt->data.frame.buf,
+                                        pkt->data.frame.sz,
+                                        pkt->data.frame.pts))
+        die_codec(ctx, "Failed to write compressed frame.");
+      printf(keyframe ? "K" : ".");
+      fflush(stdout);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return got_pkts;
+}
+
+static void get_raw_image(aom_image_t **frame_to_encode, aom_image_t *raw,
+                          aom_image_t *raw_shift) {
+  if (FORCE_HIGHBITDEPTH_DECODING) {
+    // Need to allocate larger buffer to use hbd internal.
+    int input_shift = 0;
+    aom_img_upshift(raw_shift, raw, input_shift);
+    *frame_to_encode = raw_shift;
+  } else {
+    *frame_to_encode = raw;
+  }
+}
+
+static aom_fixed_buf_t pass0(aom_image_t *raw, FILE *infile,
+                             aom_codec_iface_t *encoder,
+                             const aom_codec_enc_cfg_t *cfg, int lf_width,
+                             int lf_height, int lf_blocksize, int flags,
+                             aom_image_t *raw_shift) {
+  aom_codec_ctx_t codec;
+  int frame_count = 0;
+  int image_size_bytes = img_size_bytes(raw);
+  int u_blocks, v_blocks;
+  int bu, bv;
+  aom_fixed_buf_t stats = { NULL, 0 };
+  aom_image_t *frame_to_encode;
+
+  if (aom_codec_enc_init(&codec, encoder, cfg, flags))
+    die("Failed to initialize encoder");
+  if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AOME_SET_ENABLEAUTOALTREF, 0))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to turn off auto altref");
+  if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_FRAME_PARALLEL_DECODING, 0))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set frame parallel decoding");
+
+  // How many reference images we need to encode.
+  u_blocks = (lf_width + lf_blocksize - 1) / lf_blocksize;
+  v_blocks = (lf_height + lf_blocksize - 1) / lf_blocksize;
+
+  printf("\n First pass: ");
+
+  for (bv = 0; bv < v_blocks; ++bv) {
+    for (bu = 0; bu < u_blocks; ++bu) {
+      const int block_u_min = bu * lf_blocksize;
+      const int block_v_min = bv * lf_blocksize;
+      int block_u_end = (bu + 1) * lf_blocksize;
+      int block_v_end = (bv + 1) * lf_blocksize;
+      int u_block_size, v_block_size;
+      int block_ref_u, block_ref_v;
+
+      block_u_end = block_u_end < lf_width ? block_u_end : lf_width;
+      block_v_end = block_v_end < lf_height ? block_v_end : lf_height;
+      u_block_size = block_u_end - block_u_min;
+      v_block_size = block_v_end - block_v_min;
+      block_ref_u = block_u_min + u_block_size / 2;
+      block_ref_v = block_v_min + v_block_size / 2;
+
+      printf("A%d, ", (block_ref_u + block_ref_v * lf_width));
+      fseek(infile, (block_ref_u + block_ref_v * lf_width) * image_size_bytes,
+            SEEK_SET);
+      aom_img_read(raw, infile);
+      get_raw_image(&frame_to_encode, raw, raw_shift);
+
+      // Reference frames can be encoded encoded without tiles.
+      ++frame_count;
+      get_frame_stats(&codec, frame_to_encode, frame_count, 1,
+                      AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST2 | AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST3 |
+                          AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF |
+                          AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_BWD | AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF2 |
+                          AOM_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST | AOM_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF |
+                          AOM_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF,
+                      &stats);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_FRAME_PARALLEL_DECODING, 1))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set frame parallel decoding");
+
+  for (bv = 0; bv < v_blocks; ++bv) {
+    for (bu = 0; bu < u_blocks; ++bu) {
+      const int block_u_min = bu * lf_blocksize;
+      const int block_v_min = bv * lf_blocksize;
+      int block_u_end = (bu + 1) * lf_blocksize;
+      int block_v_end = (bv + 1) * lf_blocksize;
+      int u, v;
+      block_u_end = block_u_end < lf_width ? block_u_end : lf_width;
+      block_v_end = block_v_end < lf_height ? block_v_end : lf_height;
+      for (v = block_v_min; v < block_v_end; ++v) {
+        for (u = block_u_min; u < block_u_end; ++u) {
+          printf("C%d, ", (u + v * lf_width));
+          fseek(infile, (u + v * lf_width) * image_size_bytes, SEEK_SET);
+          aom_img_read(raw, infile);
+          get_raw_image(&frame_to_encode, raw, raw_shift);
+
+          ++frame_count;
+          get_frame_stats(&codec, frame_to_encode, frame_count, 1,
+                          AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST2 | AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST3 |
+                              AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF |
+                              AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_BWD | AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF2 |
+                              AOM_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST | AOM_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF |
+                              AOM_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF | AOM_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ENTROPY,
+                          &stats);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  // Flush encoder.
+  // No ARF, this should not be needed.
+  while (get_frame_stats(&codec, NULL, frame_count, 1, 0, &stats)) {
+  }
+
+  if (aom_codec_destroy(&codec)) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to destroy codec.");
+
+  printf("\nFirst pass complete. Processed %d frames.\n", frame_count);
+
+  return stats;
+}
+
+static void pass1(aom_image_t *raw, FILE *infile, const char *outfile_name,
+                  aom_codec_iface_t *encoder, aom_codec_enc_cfg_t *cfg,
+                  int lf_width, int lf_height, int lf_blocksize, int flags,
+                  aom_image_t *raw_shift) {
+  AvxVideoInfo info = { get_fourcc_by_aom_encoder(encoder),
+                        cfg->g_w,
+                        cfg->g_h,
+                        { cfg->g_timebase.num, cfg->g_timebase.den },
+                        0 };
+  AvxVideoWriter *writer = NULL;
+  aom_codec_ctx_t codec;
+  int frame_count = 0;
+  int image_size_bytes = img_size_bytes(raw);
+  int bu, bv;
+  int u_blocks, v_blocks;
+  aom_image_t *frame_to_encode;
+  aom_image_t reference_images[MAX_EXTERNAL_REFERENCES];
+  int reference_image_num = 0;
+  int i;
+
+  writer = aom_video_writer_open(outfile_name, kContainerIVF, &info);
+  if (!writer) die("Failed to open %s for writing", outfile_name);
+
+  if (aom_codec_enc_init(&codec, encoder, cfg, flags))
+    die("Failed to initialize encoder");
+  if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AOME_SET_ENABLEAUTOALTREF, 0))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to turn off auto altref");
+  if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_FRAME_PARALLEL_DECODING, 0))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set frame parallel decoding");
+  if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_ENABLE_EXT_TILE_DEBUG, 1))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to enable encoder ext_tile debug");
+  if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AOME_SET_CPUUSED, 3))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set cpu-used");
+
+  // Note: The superblock is a sequence parameter and has to be the same for 1
+  // sequence. In lightfield application, must choose the superblock size(either
+  // 64x64 or 128x128) before the encoding starts. Otherwise, the default is
+  // AOM_SUPERBLOCK_SIZE_DYNAMIC, and the superblock size will be set to 64x64
+  // internally.
+  if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_SUPERBLOCK_SIZE,
+                        AOM_SUPERBLOCK_SIZE_64X64))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set SB size");
+
+  u_blocks = (lf_width + lf_blocksize - 1) / lf_blocksize;
+  v_blocks = (lf_height + lf_blocksize - 1) / lf_blocksize;
+
+  reference_image_num = u_blocks * v_blocks;
+  // Set the max gf group length so the references are guaranteed to be in
+  // a different gf group than any of the regular frames. This avoids using
+  // both vbr and constant quality mode in a single group. The number of
+  // references now cannot surpass 17 because of the enforced MAX_GF_INTERVAL of
+  // 16. If it is necessary to exceed this reference frame limit, one will have
+  // to do some additional handling to ensure references are in separate gf
+  // groups from the regular frames.
+  if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_MAX_GF_INTERVAL,
+                        reference_image_num - 1))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set max gf interval");
+  aom_img_fmt_t ref_fmt = AOM_IMG_FMT_I420;
+  if (FORCE_HIGHBITDEPTH_DECODING) ref_fmt |= AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH;
+  // Allocate memory with the border so that it can be used as a reference.
+  const bool resize =
+      codec.config.enc->rc_resize_mode || codec.config.enc->rc_superres_mode;
+  const bool all_intra = reference_image_num - 1 == 0;
+  int border_in_pixels =
+      av1_get_enc_border_size(resize, all_intra, BLOCK_64X64);
+
+  for (i = 0; i < reference_image_num; i++) {
+    if (!aom_img_alloc_with_border(&reference_images[i], ref_fmt, cfg->g_w,
+                                   cfg->g_h, 32, 8, border_in_pixels)) {
+      die("Failed to allocate image.");
+    }
+  }
+
+  printf("\n Second pass: ");
+
+  // Encode reference images first.
+  printf("Encoding Reference Images\n");
+  for (bv = 0; bv < v_blocks; ++bv) {
+    for (bu = 0; bu < u_blocks; ++bu) {
+      const int block_u_min = bu * lf_blocksize;
+      const int block_v_min = bv * lf_blocksize;
+      int block_u_end = (bu + 1) * lf_blocksize;
+      int block_v_end = (bv + 1) * lf_blocksize;
+      int u_block_size, v_block_size;
+      int block_ref_u, block_ref_v;
+
+      block_u_end = block_u_end < lf_width ? block_u_end : lf_width;
+      block_v_end = block_v_end < lf_height ? block_v_end : lf_height;
+      u_block_size = block_u_end - block_u_min;
+      v_block_size = block_v_end - block_v_min;
+      block_ref_u = block_u_min + u_block_size / 2;
+      block_ref_v = block_v_min + v_block_size / 2;
+
+      printf("A%d, ", (block_ref_u + block_ref_v * lf_width));
+      fseek(infile, (block_ref_u + block_ref_v * lf_width) * image_size_bytes,
+            SEEK_SET);
+      aom_img_read(raw, infile);
+
+      get_raw_image(&frame_to_encode, raw, raw_shift);
+
+      // Reference frames may be encoded without tiles.
+      ++frame_count;
+      printf("Encoding reference image %d of %d\n", bv * u_blocks + bu,
+             u_blocks * v_blocks);
+      encode_frame(&codec, frame_to_encode, frame_count, 1,
+                   AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST2 | AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST3 |
+                       AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF |
+                       AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_BWD | AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF2 |
+                       AOM_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST | AOM_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF |
+                       AOM_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF | AOM_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ENTROPY,
+                   writer);
+
+      if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1_COPY_NEW_FRAME_IMAGE,
+                            &reference_images[frame_count - 1]))
+        die_codec(&codec, "Failed to copy decoder reference frame");
+    }
+  }
+
+  cfg->large_scale_tile = 1;
+  // Fixed q encoding for camera frames.
+  cfg->rc_end_usage = AOM_Q;
+  if (aom_codec_enc_config_set(&codec, cfg))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to configure encoder");
+
+  // The fixed q value used in encoding.
+  if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AOME_SET_CQ_LEVEL, 36))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set cq level");
+  if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_FRAME_PARALLEL_DECODING, 1))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set frame parallel decoding");
+  if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_SINGLE_TILE_DECODING, 1))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to turn on single tile decoding");
+  // Set tile_columns and tile_rows to MAX values, which guarantees the tile
+  // size of 64 x 64 pixels(i.e. 1 SB) for <= 4k resolution.
+  if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_TILE_COLUMNS, 6))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set tile width");
+  if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_TILE_ROWS, 6))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set tile height");
+
+  for (bv = 0; bv < v_blocks; ++bv) {
+    for (bu = 0; bu < u_blocks; ++bu) {
+      const int block_u_min = bu * lf_blocksize;
+      const int block_v_min = bv * lf_blocksize;
+      int block_u_end = (bu + 1) * lf_blocksize;
+      int block_v_end = (bv + 1) * lf_blocksize;
+      int u, v;
+      block_u_end = block_u_end < lf_width ? block_u_end : lf_width;
+      block_v_end = block_v_end < lf_height ? block_v_end : lf_height;
+      for (v = block_v_min; v < block_v_end; ++v) {
+        for (u = block_u_min; u < block_u_end; ++u) {
+          av1_ref_frame_t ref;
+          ref.idx = 0;
+          ref.use_external_ref = 1;
+          ref.img = reference_images[bv * u_blocks + bu];
+          if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1_SET_REFERENCE, &ref))
+            die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set reference frame");
+
+          printf("C%d, ", (u + v * lf_width));
+          fseek(infile, (u + v * lf_width) * image_size_bytes, SEEK_SET);
+          aom_img_read(raw, infile);
+          get_raw_image(&frame_to_encode, raw, raw_shift);
+
+          ++frame_count;
+          printf("Encoding image %d of %d\n",
+                 frame_count - (u_blocks * v_blocks), lf_width * lf_height);
+          encode_frame(&codec, frame_to_encode, frame_count, 1,
+                       AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST2 | AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST3 |
+                           AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF |
+                           AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_BWD | AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF2 |
+                           AOM_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST | AOM_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF |
+                           AOM_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF | AOM_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ENTROPY,
+                       writer);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Flush encoder.
+  // No ARF, this should not be needed.
+  while (encode_frame(&codec, NULL, -1, 1, 0, writer)) {
+  }
+
+  for (i = 0; i < reference_image_num; i++) aom_img_free(&reference_images[i]);
+
+  if (aom_codec_destroy(&codec)) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to destroy codec.");
+
+  // Modify large_scale_file fourcc.
+  if (cfg->large_scale_tile == 1)
+    aom_video_writer_set_fourcc(writer, LST_FOURCC);
+  aom_video_writer_close(writer);
+
+  printf("\nSecond pass complete. Processed %d frames.\n", frame_count);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+  FILE *infile = NULL;
+  int w, h;
+  // The number of lightfield images in the u and v dimensions.
+  int lf_width, lf_height;
+  // Defines how many images refer to the same reference image for MCP.
+  // lf_blocksize X lf_blocksize images will all use the reference image
+  // in the middle of the block of images.
+  int lf_blocksize;
+  aom_codec_ctx_t codec;
+  aom_codec_enc_cfg_t cfg;
+  aom_image_t raw;
+  aom_image_t raw_shift;
+  aom_codec_err_t res;
+  aom_fixed_buf_t stats;
+  int flags = 0;
+
+  const int fps = 30;
+  const int bitrate = 200;  // kbit/s
+  const char *const width_arg = argv[1];
+  const char *const height_arg = argv[2];
+  const char *const infile_arg = argv[3];
+  const char *const outfile_arg = argv[4];
+  const char *const lf_width_arg = argv[5];
+  const char *const lf_height_arg = argv[6];
+  const char *lf_blocksize_arg = argv[7];
+  exec_name = argv[0];
+
+  if (argc < 8) die("Invalid number of arguments");
+
+  aom_codec_iface_t *encoder = get_aom_encoder_by_short_name("av1");
+  if (!encoder) die("Unsupported codec.");
+
+  w = (int)strtol(width_arg, NULL, 0);
+  h = (int)strtol(height_arg, NULL, 0);
+  lf_width = (int)strtol(lf_width_arg, NULL, 0);
+  lf_height = (int)strtol(lf_height_arg, NULL, 0);
+  lf_blocksize = (int)strtol(lf_blocksize_arg, NULL, 0);
+  lf_blocksize = lf_blocksize < lf_width ? lf_blocksize : lf_width;
+  lf_blocksize = lf_blocksize < lf_height ? lf_blocksize : lf_height;
+
+  if (w <= 0 || h <= 0 || (w % 2) != 0 || (h % 2) != 0)
+    die("Invalid frame size: %dx%d", w, h);
+  if (lf_width <= 0 || lf_height <= 0)
+    die("Invalid lf_width and/or lf_height: %dx%d", lf_width, lf_height);
+  if (lf_blocksize <= 0) die("Invalid lf_blocksize: %d", lf_blocksize);
+
+  if (!aom_img_alloc(&raw, AOM_IMG_FMT_I420, w, h, 32)) {
+    die("Failed to allocate image.");
+  }
+  if (FORCE_HIGHBITDEPTH_DECODING) {
+    // Need to allocate larger buffer to use hbd internal.
+    aom_img_alloc(&raw_shift, AOM_IMG_FMT_I420 | AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH, w, h,
+                  32);
+  }
+
+  printf("Using %s\n", aom_codec_iface_name(encoder));
+
+  // Configuration
+  res = aom_codec_enc_config_default(encoder, &cfg, 0);
+  if (res) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to get default codec config.");
+
+  cfg.g_w = w;
+  cfg.g_h = h;
+  cfg.g_timebase.num = 1;
+  cfg.g_timebase.den = fps;
+  cfg.rc_target_bitrate = bitrate;
+  cfg.g_error_resilient = 0;  // This is required.
+  cfg.g_lag_in_frames = 0;    // need to set this since default is 19.
+  cfg.kf_mode = AOM_KF_DISABLED;
+  cfg.large_scale_tile = 0;  // Only set it to 1 for camera frame encoding.
+  cfg.g_bit_depth = AOM_BITS_8;
+  flags |= (cfg.g_bit_depth > AOM_BITS_8 || FORCE_HIGHBITDEPTH_DECODING)
+               ? AOM_CODEC_USE_HIGHBITDEPTH
+               : 0;
+
+  if (!(infile = fopen(infile_arg, "rb")))
+    die("Failed to open %s for reading", infile_arg);
+
+  // Pass 0
+  cfg.g_pass = AOM_RC_FIRST_PASS;
+  stats = pass0(&raw, infile, encoder, &cfg, lf_width, lf_height, lf_blocksize,
+                flags, &raw_shift);
+
+  // Pass 1
+  rewind(infile);
+  cfg.g_pass = AOM_RC_LAST_PASS;
+  cfg.rc_twopass_stats_in = stats;
+  pass1(&raw, infile, outfile_arg, encoder, &cfg, lf_width, lf_height,
+        lf_blocksize, flags, &raw_shift);
+  free(stats.buf);
+
+  if (FORCE_HIGHBITDEPTH_DECODING) aom_img_free(&raw_shift);
+  aom_img_free(&raw);
+  fclose(infile);
+
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/third_party/aom/examples/lightfield_tile_list_decoder.c b/third_party/aom/examples/lightfield_tile_list_decoder.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d71ff5b387
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/aom/examples/lightfield_tile_list_decoder.c
@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved
+ *
+ * This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
+ * the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
+ * was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
+ * obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
+ * Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
+ * PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
+ */
+
+// Lightfield Tile List Decoder
+// ============================
+//
+// This is a lightfield tile list decoder example. It takes an input file that
+// contains the anchor frames that are references of the coded tiles, the camera
+// frame header, and tile list OBUs that include the tile information and the
+// compressed tile data. This input file is reconstructed from the encoded
+// lightfield ivf file, and is decodable by AV1 decoder. num_references is
+// the number of anchor frames coded at the beginning of the light field file.
+// num_tile_lists is the number of tile lists need to be decoded. There is an
+// optional parameter allowing to choose the output format, and the supported
+// formats are YUV1D(default), YUV, and NV12.
+// Run lightfield tile list decoder to decode an AV1 tile list file:
+// examples/lightfield_tile_list_decoder vase_tile_list.ivf vase_tile_list.yuv
+// 4 2 0(optional)
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+
+#include "aom/aom_decoder.h"
+#include "aom/aomdx.h"
+#include "aom_scale/yv12config.h"
+#include "av1/common/enums.h"
+#include "common/tools_common.h"
+#include "common/video_reader.h"
+
+enum {
+  YUV1D,  // 1D tile output for conformance test.
+  YUV,    // Tile output in YUV format.
+  NV12,   // Tile output in NV12 format.
+} UENUM1BYTE(OUTPUT_FORMAT);
+
+static const char *exec_name;
+
+void usage_exit(void) {
+  fprintf(stderr,
+          "Usage: %s <infile> <outfile> <num_references> <num_tile_lists> "
+          "<output format(optional)>\n",
+          exec_name);
+  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+static void write_tile_yuv1d(aom_codec_ctx_t *codec, const aom_image_t *img,
+                             FILE *file) {
+  // read out the tile size.
+  unsigned int tile_size = 0;
+  if (AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(codec, AV1D_GET_TILE_SIZE, &tile_size))
+    die_codec(codec, "Failed to get the tile size");
+  const unsigned int tile_width = tile_size >> 16;
+  const unsigned int tile_height = tile_size & 65535;
+  const uint32_t output_frame_width_in_tiles = img->d_w / tile_width;
+
+  unsigned int tile_count = 0;
+  if (AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(codec, AV1D_GET_TILE_COUNT, &tile_count))
+    die_codec(codec, "Failed to get the tile size");
+
+  // Write tile to file.
+  const int shift = (img->fmt & AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH) ? 1 : 0;
+  unsigned int tile_idx;
+
+  for (tile_idx = 0; tile_idx < tile_count; ++tile_idx) {
+    const int row_offset =
+        (tile_idx / output_frame_width_in_tiles) * tile_height;
+    const int col_offset =
+        (tile_idx % output_frame_width_in_tiles) * tile_width;
+    int plane;
+
+    for (plane = 0; plane < 3; ++plane) {
+      const unsigned char *buf = img->planes[plane];
+      const int stride = img->stride[plane];
+      const int roffset =
+          (plane > 0) ? row_offset >> img->y_chroma_shift : row_offset;
+      const int coffset =
+          (plane > 0) ? col_offset >> img->x_chroma_shift : col_offset;
+      const int w = (plane > 0) ? ((tile_width >> img->x_chroma_shift) << shift)
+                                : (tile_width << shift);
+      const int h =
+          (plane > 0) ? (tile_height >> img->y_chroma_shift) : tile_height;
+      int y;
+
+      // col offset needs to be adjusted for HBD.
+      buf += roffset * stride + (coffset << shift);
+
+      for (y = 0; y < h; ++y) {
+        fwrite(buf, 1, w, file);
+        buf += stride;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+  FILE *outfile = NULL;
+  AvxVideoReader *reader = NULL;
+  const AvxVideoInfo *info = NULL;
+  int num_references;
+  int num_tile_lists;
+  aom_image_t reference_images[MAX_EXTERNAL_REFERENCES];
+  size_t frame_size = 0;
+  const unsigned char *frame = NULL;
+  int output_format = YUV1D;
+  int i, j, n;
+
+  exec_name = argv[0];
+
+  if (argc < 5) die("Invalid number of arguments.");
+
+  reader = aom_video_reader_open(argv[1]);
+  if (!reader) die("Failed to open %s for reading.", argv[1]);
+
+  if (!(outfile = fopen(argv[2], "wb")))
+    die("Failed to open %s for writing.", argv[2]);
+
+  num_references = (int)strtol(argv[3], NULL, 0);
+  num_tile_lists = (int)strtol(argv[4], NULL, 0);
+
+  if (argc > 5) output_format = (int)strtol(argv[5], NULL, 0);
+  if (output_format < YUV1D || output_format > NV12)
+    die("Output format out of range [0, 2]");
+
+  info = aom_video_reader_get_info(reader);
+
+  aom_codec_iface_t *decoder = get_aom_decoder_by_fourcc(info->codec_fourcc);
+  if (!decoder) die("Unknown input codec.");
+  printf("Using %s\n", aom_codec_iface_name(decoder));
+
+  aom_codec_ctx_t codec;
+  if (aom_codec_dec_init(&codec, decoder, NULL, 0))
+    die("Failed to initialize decoder.");
+
+  if (AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&codec, AV1D_SET_IS_ANNEXB,
+                                    info->is_annexb)) {
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set annex b status");
+  }
+
+  // Decode anchor frames.
+  AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&codec, AV1_SET_TILE_MODE, 0);
+  for (i = 0; i < num_references; ++i) {
+    aom_video_reader_read_frame(reader);
+    frame = aom_video_reader_get_frame(reader, &frame_size);
+    if (aom_codec_decode(&codec, frame, frame_size, NULL))
+      die_codec(&codec, "Failed to decode frame.");
+
+    if (i == 0) {
+      aom_img_fmt_t ref_fmt = 0;
+      if (AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&codec, AV1D_GET_IMG_FORMAT, &ref_fmt))
+        die_codec(&codec, "Failed to get the image format");
+
+      int frame_res[2];
+      if (AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&codec, AV1D_GET_FRAME_SIZE, frame_res))
+        die_codec(&codec, "Failed to get the image frame size");
+
+      // Allocate memory to store decoded references. Allocate memory with the
+      // border so that it can be used as a reference.
+      for (j = 0; j < num_references; j++) {
+        unsigned int border = AOM_DEC_BORDER_IN_PIXELS;
+        if (!aom_img_alloc_with_border(&reference_images[j], ref_fmt,
+                                       frame_res[0], frame_res[1], 32, 8,
+                                       border)) {
+          fatal("Failed to allocate references.");
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&codec, AV1_COPY_NEW_FRAME_IMAGE,
+                                      &reference_images[i]))
+      die_codec(&codec, "Failed to copy decoded reference frame");
+
+    aom_codec_iter_t iter = NULL;
+    aom_image_t *img = NULL;
+    while ((img = aom_codec_get_frame(&codec, &iter)) != NULL) {
+      char name[1024];
+      snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "ref_%d.yuv", i);
+      printf("writing ref image to %s, %u, %u\n", name, img->d_w, img->d_h);
+      FILE *ref_file = fopen(name, "wb");
+      aom_img_write(img, ref_file);
+      fclose(ref_file);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Decode the lightfield.
+  AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&codec, AV1_SET_TILE_MODE, 1);
+
+  // Set external references.
+  av1_ext_ref_frame_t set_ext_ref = { &reference_images[0], num_references };
+  AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&codec, AV1D_SET_EXT_REF_PTR, &set_ext_ref);
+  // Must decode the camera frame header first.
+  aom_video_reader_read_frame(reader);
+  frame = aom_video_reader_get_frame(reader, &frame_size);
+  if (aom_codec_decode(&codec, frame, frame_size, NULL))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to decode the frame.");
+  // Decode tile lists one by one.
+  for (n = 0; n < num_tile_lists; n++) {
+    aom_video_reader_read_frame(reader);
+    frame = aom_video_reader_get_frame(reader, &frame_size);
+
+    if (aom_codec_decode(&codec, frame, frame_size, NULL))
+      die_codec(&codec, "Failed to decode the tile list.");
+    aom_codec_iter_t iter = NULL;
+    aom_image_t *img = aom_codec_get_frame(&codec, &iter);
+    if (!img) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to get frame.");
+
+    if (output_format == YUV1D)
+      // write the tile to the output file in 1D format.
+      write_tile_yuv1d(&codec, img, outfile);
+    else if (output_format == YUV)
+      aom_img_write(img, outfile);
+    else
+      // NV12 output format
+      aom_img_write_nv12(img, outfile);
+  }
+
+  for (i = 0; i < num_references; i++) aom_img_free(&reference_images[i]);
+  if (aom_codec_destroy(&codec)) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to destroy codec");
+  aom_video_reader_close(reader);
+  fclose(outfile);
+
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/third_party/aom/examples/lossless_encoder.c b/third_party/aom/examples/lossless_encoder.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1971b9c9df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/aom/examples/lossless_encoder.c
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved
+ *
+ * This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
+ * the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
+ * was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
+ * obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
+ * Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
+ * PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "aom/aom_encoder.h"
+#include "aom/aomcx.h"
+#include "common/tools_common.h"
+#include "common/video_writer.h"
+
+static const char *exec_name;
+
+void usage_exit(void) {
+  fprintf(stderr,
+          "lossless_encoder: Example demonstrating lossless "
+          "encoding feature. Supports raw input only.\n");
+  fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <width> <height> <infile> <outfile>\n", exec_name);
+  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+static int encode_frame(aom_codec_ctx_t *codec, aom_image_t *img,
+                        int frame_index, int flags, AvxVideoWriter *writer) {
+  int got_pkts = 0;
+  aom_codec_iter_t iter = NULL;
+  const aom_codec_cx_pkt_t *pkt = NULL;
+  const aom_codec_err_t res =
+      aom_codec_encode(codec, img, frame_index, 1, flags);
+  if (res != AOM_CODEC_OK) die_codec(codec, "Failed to encode frame");
+
+  while ((pkt = aom_codec_get_cx_data(codec, &iter)) != NULL) {
+    got_pkts = 1;
+
+    if (pkt->kind == AOM_CODEC_CX_FRAME_PKT) {
+      const int keyframe = (pkt->data.frame.flags & AOM_FRAME_IS_KEY) != 0;
+      if (!aom_video_writer_write_frame(writer, pkt->data.frame.buf,
+                                        pkt->data.frame.sz,
+                                        pkt->data.frame.pts)) {
+        die_codec(codec, "Failed to write compressed frame");
+      }
+      printf(keyframe ? "K" : ".");
+      fflush(stdout);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return got_pkts;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+  FILE *infile = NULL;
+  aom_codec_enc_cfg_t cfg;
+  int frame_count = 0;
+  aom_image_t raw;
+  aom_codec_err_t res;
+  AvxVideoInfo info;
+  AvxVideoWriter *writer = NULL;
+  const int fps = 30;
+
+  exec_name = argv[0];
+
+  // Clear explicitly, as simply assigning "{ 0 }" generates
+  // "missing-field-initializers" warning in some compilers.
+  memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
+
+  if (argc < 5) die("Invalid number of arguments");
+
+  aom_codec_iface_t *encoder = get_aom_encoder_by_short_name("av1");
+  if (!encoder) die("Unsupported codec.");
+
+  info.codec_fourcc = get_fourcc_by_aom_encoder(encoder);
+  info.frame_width = (int)strtol(argv[1], NULL, 0);
+  info.frame_height = (int)strtol(argv[2], NULL, 0);
+  info.time_base.numerator = 1;
+  info.time_base.denominator = fps;
+
+  if (info.frame_width <= 0 || info.frame_height <= 0 ||
+      (info.frame_width % 2) != 0 || (info.frame_height % 2) != 0) {
+    die("Invalid frame size: %dx%d", info.frame_width, info.frame_height);
+  }
+
+  if (!aom_img_alloc(&raw, AOM_IMG_FMT_I420, info.frame_width,
+                     info.frame_height, 1)) {
+    die("Failed to allocate image.");
+  }
+
+  printf("Using %s\n", aom_codec_iface_name(encoder));
+
+  aom_codec_ctx_t codec;
+  res = aom_codec_enc_config_default(encoder, &cfg, 0);
+  if (res) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to get default codec config.");
+
+  cfg.g_w = info.frame_width;
+  cfg.g_h = info.frame_height;
+  cfg.g_timebase.num = info.time_base.numerator;
+  cfg.g_timebase.den = info.time_base.denominator;
+
+  writer = aom_video_writer_open(argv[4], kContainerIVF, &info);
+  if (!writer) die("Failed to open %s for writing.", argv[4]);
+
+  if (!(infile = fopen(argv[3], "rb")))
+    die("Failed to open %s for reading.", argv[3]);
+
+  if (aom_codec_enc_init(&codec, encoder, &cfg, 0))
+    die("Failed to initialize encoder");
+
+  if (AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&codec, AV1E_SET_LOSSLESS, 1))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to use lossless mode");
+
+  // Encode frames.
+  while (aom_img_read(&raw, infile)) {
+    encode_frame(&codec, &raw, frame_count++, 0, writer);
+  }
+
+  // Flush encoder.
+  while (encode_frame(&codec, NULL, -1, 0, writer)) {
+  }
+
+  printf("\n");
+  fclose(infile);
+  printf("Processed %d frames.\n", frame_count);
+
+  aom_img_free(&raw);
+  if (aom_codec_destroy(&codec)) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to destroy codec.");
+
+  aom_video_writer_close(writer);
+
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/third_party/aom/examples/noise_model.c b/third_party/aom/examples/noise_model.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1de13267fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/aom/examples/noise_model.c
@@ -0,0 +1,434 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved
+ *
+ * This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
+ * the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
+ * was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
+ * obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
+ * Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
+ * PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
+ */
+
+/*!\file
+ * \brief This is an sample binary to create noise params from input video.
+ *
+ * To allow for external denoising applications, this sample binary illustrates
+ * how to create a film grain table (film grain params as a function of time)
+ * from an input video and its corresponding denoised source.
+ *
+ * The --output-grain-table file can be passed as input to the encoder (in
+ * aomenc this is done through the "--film-grain-table" parameter).
+ *
+ * As an example, where the input source is an 854x480 yuv420p 8-bit video
+ * named "input.854_480.yuv" you would use steps similar to the following:
+ *
+ * # Run your denoiser (e.g, using hqdn3d filter):
+ * ffmpeg -vcodec rawvideo -video_size 854x480 -i input.854_480.yuv \
+ *    -vf hqdn3d=5:5:5:5 -vcodec rawvideo -an -f rawvideo \
+ *    denoised.854_480.yuv
+ *
+ * # Model the noise between the denoised version and original source:
+ * ./examples/noise_model --fps=25/1 --width=854 --height=480 --i420 \
+ *    --input-denoised=denoised.854_480.yuv --input=original.854_480.yuv \
+ *    --output-grain-table=film_grain.tbl
+ *
+ * # Encode with your favorite settings (including the grain table):
+ * aomenc --limit=100  --cpu-used=4 --input-bit-depth=8                  \
+ *    --i420 -w 854 -h 480 --end-usage=q --cq-level=25 --lag-in-frames=25 \
+ *    --auto-alt-ref=2 --bit-depth=8 --film-grain-table=film_grain.tbl \
+ *    -o denoised_with_grain_params.ivf denoised.854_480.yuv
+ */
+#include <math.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "aom/aom_encoder.h"
+#include "aom_dsp/aom_dsp_common.h"
+
+#if CONFIG_AV1_DECODER
+#include "av1/decoder/grain_synthesis.h"
+#endif
+
+#include "aom_dsp/grain_table.h"
+#include "aom_dsp/noise_model.h"
+#include "aom_dsp/noise_util.h"
+#include "aom_mem/aom_mem.h"
+#include "common/args.h"
+#include "common/tools_common.h"
+#include "common/video_writer.h"
+
+static const char *exec_name;
+
+void usage_exit(void) {
+  fprintf(stderr,
+          "Usage: %s --input=<input> --input-denoised=<denoised> "
+          "--output-grain-table=<outfile> "
+          "See comments in noise_model.c for more information.\n",
+          exec_name);
+  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+static const arg_def_t help =
+    ARG_DEF(NULL, "help", 0, "Show usage options and exit");
+static const arg_def_t width_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("w", "width", 1, "Input width (if rawvideo)");
+static const arg_def_t height_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("h", "height", 1, "Input height (if rawvideo)");
+static const arg_def_t skip_frames_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("s", "skip-frames", 1, "Number of frames to skip (default = 1)");
+static const arg_def_t fps_arg = ARG_DEF(NULL, "fps", 1, "Frame rate");
+static const arg_def_t input_arg = ARG_DEF("-i", "input", 1, "Input filename");
+static const arg_def_t output_grain_table_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("n", "output-grain-table", 1, "Output noise file");
+static const arg_def_t input_denoised_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("d", "input-denoised", 1, "Input denoised filename (YUV) only");
+static const arg_def_t flat_block_finder_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("b", "flat-block-finder", 1, "Run the flat block finder");
+static const arg_def_t block_size_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("b", "block-size", 1, "Block size");
+static const arg_def_t bit_depth_arg =
+    ARG_DEF(NULL, "bit-depth", 1, "Bit depth of input");
+static const arg_def_t use_i420 =
+    ARG_DEF(NULL, "i420", 0, "Input file (and denoised) is I420 (default)");
+static const arg_def_t use_i422 =
+    ARG_DEF(NULL, "i422", 0, "Input file (and denoised) is I422");
+static const arg_def_t use_i444 =
+    ARG_DEF(NULL, "i444", 0, "Input file (and denoised) is I444");
+static const arg_def_t debug_file_arg =
+    ARG_DEF(NULL, "debug-file", 1, "File to output debug info");
+
+typedef struct {
+  int width;
+  int height;
+  struct aom_rational fps;
+  const char *input;
+  const char *input_denoised;
+  const char *output_grain_table;
+  int img_fmt;
+  int block_size;
+  int bit_depth;
+  int run_flat_block_finder;
+  int force_flat_psd;
+  int skip_frames;
+  const char *debug_file;
+} noise_model_args_t;
+
+static void parse_args(noise_model_args_t *noise_args, char **argv) {
+  struct arg arg;
+  static const arg_def_t *main_args[] = { &help,
+                                          &input_arg,
+                                          &fps_arg,
+                                          &width_arg,
+                                          &height_arg,
+                                          &block_size_arg,
+                                          &output_grain_table_arg,
+                                          &input_denoised_arg,
+                                          &use_i420,
+                                          &use_i422,
+                                          &use_i444,
+                                          &debug_file_arg,
+                                          NULL };
+  for (; *argv; argv++) {
+    if (arg_match(&arg, &help, argv)) {
+      fprintf(stdout, "\nOptions:\n");
+      arg_show_usage(stdout, main_args);
+      exit(0);
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &width_arg, argv)) {
+      noise_args->width = atoi(arg.val);
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &height_arg, argv)) {
+      noise_args->height = atoi(arg.val);
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &input_arg, argv)) {
+      noise_args->input = arg.val;
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &input_denoised_arg, argv)) {
+      noise_args->input_denoised = arg.val;
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &output_grain_table_arg, argv)) {
+      noise_args->output_grain_table = arg.val;
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &block_size_arg, argv)) {
+      noise_args->block_size = atoi(arg.val);
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &bit_depth_arg, argv)) {
+      noise_args->bit_depth = atoi(arg.val);
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &flat_block_finder_arg, argv)) {
+      noise_args->run_flat_block_finder = atoi(arg.val);
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &fps_arg, argv)) {
+      noise_args->fps = arg_parse_rational(&arg);
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &use_i420, argv)) {
+      noise_args->img_fmt = AOM_IMG_FMT_I420;
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &use_i422, argv)) {
+      noise_args->img_fmt = AOM_IMG_FMT_I422;
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &use_i444, argv)) {
+      noise_args->img_fmt = AOM_IMG_FMT_I444;
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &skip_frames_arg, argv)) {
+      noise_args->skip_frames = atoi(arg.val);
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &debug_file_arg, argv)) {
+      noise_args->debug_file = arg.val;
+    } else {
+      fprintf(stdout, "Unknown arg: %s\n\nUsage:\n", *argv);
+      arg_show_usage(stdout, main_args);
+      exit(0);
+    }
+  }
+  if (noise_args->bit_depth > 8) {
+    noise_args->img_fmt |= AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH;
+  }
+}
+
+#if CONFIG_AV1_DECODER
+static void print_variance_y(FILE *debug_file, aom_image_t *raw,
+                             aom_image_t *denoised, const uint8_t *flat_blocks,
+                             int block_size, aom_film_grain_t *grain) {
+  aom_image_t renoised;
+  grain->apply_grain = 1;
+  grain->random_seed = 7391;
+  grain->bit_depth = raw->bit_depth;
+  aom_img_alloc(&renoised, raw->fmt, raw->w, raw->h, 1);
+
+  if (av1_add_film_grain(grain, denoised, &renoised)) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Internal failure in av1_add_film_grain().\n");
+    aom_img_free(&renoised);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const int num_blocks_w = (raw->w + block_size - 1) / block_size;
+  const int num_blocks_h = (raw->h + block_size - 1) / block_size;
+  fprintf(debug_file, "x = [");
+  for (int by = 0; by < num_blocks_h; by++) {
+    for (int bx = 0; bx < num_blocks_w; bx++) {
+      double block_mean = 0;
+      double noise_std = 0, noise_mean = 0;
+      double renoise_std = 0, renoise_mean = 0;
+      for (int yi = 0; yi < block_size; ++yi) {
+        const int y = by * block_size + yi;
+        for (int xi = 0; xi < block_size; ++xi) {
+          const int x = bx * block_size + xi;
+          const double noise_v = (raw->planes[0][y * raw->stride[0] + x] -
+                                  denoised->planes[0][y * raw->stride[0] + x]);
+          noise_mean += noise_v;
+          noise_std += noise_v * noise_v;
+
+          block_mean += raw->planes[0][y * raw->stride[0] + x];
+
+          const double renoise_v =
+              (renoised.planes[0][y * raw->stride[0] + x] -
+               denoised->planes[0][y * raw->stride[0] + x]);
+          renoise_mean += renoise_v;
+          renoise_std += renoise_v * renoise_v;
+        }
+      }
+      int n = (block_size * block_size);
+      block_mean /= n;
+      noise_mean /= n;
+      renoise_mean /= n;
+      noise_std = sqrt(noise_std / n - noise_mean * noise_mean);
+      renoise_std = sqrt(renoise_std / n - renoise_mean * renoise_mean);
+      fprintf(debug_file, "%d %3.2lf %3.2lf %3.2lf  ",
+              flat_blocks[by * num_blocks_w + bx], block_mean, noise_std,
+              renoise_std);
+    }
+    fprintf(debug_file, "\n");
+  }
+  fprintf(debug_file, "];\n");
+
+  if (raw->fmt & AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH) {
+    fprintf(stderr,
+            "Detailed debug info not supported for high bit"
+            "depth formats\n");
+  } else {
+    fprintf(debug_file, "figure(2); clf;\n");
+    fprintf(debug_file,
+            "scatter(x(:, 2:4:end), x(:, 3:4:end), 'r'); hold on;\n");
+    fprintf(debug_file, "scatter(x(:, 2:4:end), x(:, 4:4:end), 'b');\n");
+    fprintf(debug_file,
+            "plot(linspace(0, 255, length(noise_strength_0)), "
+            "noise_strength_0, 'b');\n");
+    fprintf(debug_file,
+            "title('Scatter plot of intensity vs noise strength');\n");
+    fprintf(debug_file,
+            "legend('Actual', 'Estimated', 'Estimated strength');\n");
+    fprintf(debug_file, "figure(3); clf;\n");
+    fprintf(debug_file, "scatter(x(:, 3:4:end), x(:, 4:4:end), 'k');\n");
+    fprintf(debug_file, "title('Actual vs Estimated');\n");
+    fprintf(debug_file, "pause(3);\n");
+  }
+  aom_img_free(&renoised);
+}
+#endif
+
+static void print_debug_info(FILE *debug_file, aom_image_t *raw,
+                             aom_image_t *denoised, uint8_t *flat_blocks,
+                             int block_size, aom_noise_model_t *noise_model) {
+  (void)raw;
+  (void)denoised;
+  (void)flat_blocks;
+  (void)block_size;
+  fprintf(debug_file, "figure(3); clf;\n");
+  fprintf(debug_file, "figure(2); clf;\n");
+  fprintf(debug_file, "figure(1); clf;\n");
+  for (int c = 0; c < 3; ++c) {
+    fprintf(debug_file, "noise_strength_%d = [\n", c);
+    const aom_equation_system_t *eqns =
+        &noise_model->combined_state[c].strength_solver.eqns;
+    for (int k = 0; k < eqns->n; ++k) {
+      fprintf(debug_file, "%lf ", eqns->x[k]);
+    }
+    fprintf(debug_file, "];\n");
+    fprintf(debug_file, "plot(noise_strength_%d); hold on;\n", c);
+  }
+  fprintf(debug_file, "legend('Y', 'cb', 'cr');\n");
+  fprintf(debug_file, "title('Noise strength function');\n");
+
+#if CONFIG_AV1_DECODER
+  aom_film_grain_t grain;
+  aom_noise_model_get_grain_parameters(noise_model, &grain);
+  print_variance_y(debug_file, raw, denoised, flat_blocks, block_size, &grain);
+#endif
+  fflush(debug_file);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  noise_model_args_t args = { 0,  0, { 25, 1 }, 0, 0, 0,   AOM_IMG_FMT_I420,
+                              32, 8, 1,         0, 1, NULL };
+  aom_image_t raw, denoised;
+  FILE *infile = NULL;
+  AvxVideoInfo info;
+
+  memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
+
+  (void)argc;
+  exec_name = argv[0];
+  parse_args(&args, argv + 1);
+
+  info.frame_width = args.width;
+  info.frame_height = args.height;
+  info.time_base.numerator = args.fps.den;
+  info.time_base.denominator = args.fps.num;
+
+  if (info.frame_width <= 0 || info.frame_height <= 0 ||
+      (info.frame_width % 2) != 0 || (info.frame_height % 2) != 0) {
+    die("Invalid frame size: %dx%d", info.frame_width, info.frame_height);
+  }
+  if (!aom_img_alloc(&raw, args.img_fmt, info.frame_width, info.frame_height,
+                     1)) {
+    die("Failed to allocate image.");
+  }
+  if (!aom_img_alloc(&denoised, args.img_fmt, info.frame_width,
+                     info.frame_height, 1)) {
+    die("Failed to allocate image.");
+  }
+  infile = fopen(args.input, "rb");
+  if (!infile) {
+    die("Failed to open input file: %s", args.input);
+  }
+  fprintf(stderr, "Bit depth: %d  stride:%d\n", args.bit_depth, raw.stride[0]);
+
+  const int high_bd = args.bit_depth > 8;
+  const int block_size = args.block_size;
+  aom_flat_block_finder_t block_finder;
+  aom_flat_block_finder_init(&block_finder, block_size, args.bit_depth,
+                             high_bd);
+
+  const int num_blocks_w = (info.frame_width + block_size - 1) / block_size;
+  const int num_blocks_h = (info.frame_height + block_size - 1) / block_size;
+  uint8_t *flat_blocks = (uint8_t *)aom_malloc(num_blocks_w * num_blocks_h);
+  if (!flat_blocks) die("Failed to allocate block data.");
+  // Sets the random seed on the first entry in the output table
+  int16_t random_seed = 7391;
+  aom_noise_model_t noise_model;
+  aom_noise_model_params_t params = { AOM_NOISE_SHAPE_SQUARE, 3, args.bit_depth,
+                                      high_bd };
+  aom_noise_model_init(&noise_model, params);
+
+  FILE *denoised_file = 0;
+  if (args.input_denoised) {
+    denoised_file = fopen(args.input_denoised, "rb");
+    if (!denoised_file)
+      die("Unable to open input_denoised: %s", args.input_denoised);
+  } else {
+    die("--input-denoised file must be specified");
+  }
+  FILE *debug_file = 0;
+  if (args.debug_file) {
+    debug_file = fopen(args.debug_file, "w");
+  }
+  aom_film_grain_table_t grain_table = { 0, 0 };
+
+  int64_t prev_timestamp = 0;
+  int frame_count = 0;
+  while (aom_img_read(&raw, infile)) {
+    if (args.input_denoised) {
+      if (!aom_img_read(&denoised, denoised_file)) {
+        die("Unable to read input denoised file");
+      }
+    }
+    if (frame_count % args.skip_frames == 0) {
+      int num_flat_blocks = num_blocks_w * num_blocks_h;
+      memset(flat_blocks, 1, num_flat_blocks);
+      if (args.run_flat_block_finder) {
+        memset(flat_blocks, 0, num_flat_blocks);
+        num_flat_blocks = aom_flat_block_finder_run(
+            &block_finder, raw.planes[0], info.frame_width, info.frame_height,
+            info.frame_width, flat_blocks);
+        fprintf(stdout, "Num flat blocks %d\n", num_flat_blocks);
+      }
+
+      const uint8_t *planes[3] = { raw.planes[0], raw.planes[1],
+                                   raw.planes[2] };
+      uint8_t *denoised_planes[3] = { denoised.planes[0], denoised.planes[1],
+                                      denoised.planes[2] };
+      int strides[3] = { raw.stride[0] >> high_bd, raw.stride[1] >> high_bd,
+                         raw.stride[2] >> high_bd };
+      int chroma_sub[3] = { raw.x_chroma_shift, raw.y_chroma_shift, 0 };
+
+      fprintf(stdout, "Updating noise model...\n");
+      aom_noise_status_t status = aom_noise_model_update(
+          &noise_model, (const uint8_t *const *)planes,
+          (const uint8_t *const *)denoised_planes, info.frame_width,
+          info.frame_height, strides, chroma_sub, flat_blocks, block_size);
+
+      int64_t cur_timestamp =
+          frame_count * 10000000ULL * args.fps.den / args.fps.num;
+      if (status == AOM_NOISE_STATUS_DIFFERENT_NOISE_TYPE) {
+        fprintf(stdout,
+                "Noise type is different, updating parameters for time "
+                "[ %" PRId64 ", %" PRId64 ")\n",
+                prev_timestamp, cur_timestamp);
+        aom_film_grain_t grain;
+        aom_noise_model_get_grain_parameters(&noise_model, &grain);
+        grain.random_seed = random_seed;
+        random_seed = 0;
+        aom_film_grain_table_append(&grain_table, prev_timestamp, cur_timestamp,
+                                    &grain);
+        aom_noise_model_save_latest(&noise_model);
+        prev_timestamp = cur_timestamp;
+      }
+      if (debug_file) {
+        print_debug_info(debug_file, &raw, &denoised, flat_blocks, block_size,
+                         &noise_model);
+      }
+      fprintf(stdout, "Done noise model update, status = %d\n", status);
+    }
+    frame_count++;
+  }
+
+  aom_film_grain_t grain;
+  aom_noise_model_get_grain_parameters(&noise_model, &grain);
+  grain.random_seed = random_seed;
+  aom_film_grain_table_append(&grain_table, prev_timestamp, INT64_MAX, &grain);
+  if (args.output_grain_table) {
+    struct aom_internal_error_info error_info;
+    if (AOM_CODEC_OK != aom_film_grain_table_write(&grain_table,
+                                                   args.output_grain_table,
+                                                   &error_info)) {
+      die("Unable to write output film grain table");
+    }
+  }
+  aom_film_grain_table_free(&grain_table);
+
+  if (infile) fclose(infile);
+  if (denoised_file) fclose(denoised_file);
+  if (debug_file) fclose(debug_file);
+  aom_img_free(&raw);
+  aom_img_free(&denoised);
+
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/third_party/aom/examples/photon_noise_table.c b/third_party/aom/examples/photon_noise_table.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d3a21a48ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/aom/examples/photon_noise_table.c
@@ -0,0 +1,398 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved
+ *
+ * This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
+ * the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
+ * was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
+ * obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
+ * Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
+ * PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
+ */
+
+// This tool creates a film grain table, for use in stills and videos,
+// representing the noise that one would get by shooting with a digital camera
+// at a given light level. Much of the noise in digital images is photon shot
+// noise, which is due to the characteristics of photon arrival and grows in
+// standard deviation as the square root of the expected number of photons
+// captured.
+// https://www.photonstophotos.net/Emil%20Martinec/noise.html#shotnoise
+//
+// The proxy used by this tool for the amount of light captured is the ISO value
+// such that the focal plane exposure at the time of capture would have been
+// mapped by a 35mm camera to the output lightness observed in the image. That
+// is, if one were to shoot on a 35mm camera (36×24mm sensor) at the nominal
+// exposure for that ISO setting, the resulting image should contain noise of
+// the same order of magnitude as generated by this tool.
+//
+// Example usage:
+//
+//     ./photon_noise_table --width=3840 --height=2160 --iso=25600 -o noise.tbl
+//     # Then, for example:
+//     aomenc --film-grain-table=noise.tbl ...
+//     # Or:
+//     avifenc -c aom -a film-grain-table=noise.tbl ...
+//
+// The (mostly) square-root relationship between light intensity and noise
+// amplitude holds in linear light, but AV1 streams are most often encoded
+// non-linearly, and the film grain is applied to those non-linear values.
+// Therefore, this tool must account for the non-linearity, and this is
+// controlled by the optional `--transfer-function` (or `-t`) parameter, which
+// specifies the tone response curve that will be used when encoding the actual
+// image. The default for this tool is sRGB, which is approximately similar to
+// an encoding gamma of 1/2.2 (i.e. a decoding gamma of 2.2) though not quite
+// identical.
+//
+// As alluded to above, the tool assumes that the image is taken from the
+// entirety of a 36×24mm (“35mm format”) sensor. If that assumption does not
+// hold, then a “35mm-equivalent ISO value” that can be passed to the tool can
+// be obtained by multiplying the true ISO value by the ratio of 36×24mm to the
+// area that was actually used. For formats that approximately share the same
+// aspect ratio, this is often expressed as the square of the “equivalence
+// ratio” which is the ratio of their diagonals. For example, APS-C (often
+// ~24×16mm) is said to have an equivalence ratio of 1.5 relative to the 35mm
+// format, and therefore ISO 1000 on APS-C and ISO 1000×1.5² = 2250 on 35mm
+// produce an image of the same lightness from the same amount of light spread
+// onto their respective surface areas (resulting in different focal plane
+// exposures), and those images will thus have similar amounts of noise if the
+// cameras are of similar technology. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.OE.57.11.110801
+//
+// The tool needs to know the resolution of the images to which its grain tables
+// will be applied so that it can know how the light on the sensor was shared
+// between its pixels. As a general rule, while a higher pixel count will lead
+// to more noise per pixel, when the final image is viewed at the same physical
+// size, that noise will tend to “average out” to the same amount over a given
+// area, since there will be more pixels in it which, in aggregate, will have
+// received essentially as much light. Put differently, the amount of noise
+// depends on the scale at which it is measured, and the decision for this tool
+// was to make that scale relative to the image instead of its constituent
+// samples. For more on this, see:
+//
+// https://www.photonstophotos.net/Emil%20Martinec/noise-p3.html#pixelsize
+// https://www.dpreview.com/articles/5365920428/the-effect-of-pixel-and-sensor-sizes-on-noise/2
+// https://www.dpreview.com/videos/7940373140/dpreview-tv-why-lower-resolution-sensors-are-not-better-in-low-light
+
+#include <math.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "aom_dsp/grain_table.h"
+#include "common/args.h"
+#include "common/tools_common.h"
+
+static const char *exec_name;
+
+static const struct arg_enum_list transfer_functions[] = {
+  { "bt470m", AOM_CICP_TC_BT_470_M }, { "bt470bg", AOM_CICP_TC_BT_470_B_G },
+  { "srgb", AOM_CICP_TC_SRGB },       { "smpte2084", AOM_CICP_TC_SMPTE_2084 },
+  { "hlg", AOM_CICP_TC_HLG },         ARG_ENUM_LIST_END
+};
+
+static arg_def_t help_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("h", "help", 0, "Show the available options");
+static arg_def_t width_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("w", "width", 1, "Width of the image in pixels (required)");
+static arg_def_t height_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("l", "height", 1, "Height of the image in pixels (required)");
+static arg_def_t iso_arg = ARG_DEF(
+    "i", "iso", 1, "ISO setting indicative of the light level (required)");
+static arg_def_t output_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("o", "output", 1,
+            "Output file to which to write the film grain table (required)");
+static arg_def_t transfer_function_arg =
+    ARG_DEF_ENUM("t", "transfer-function", 1,
+                 "Transfer function used by the encoded image (default = sRGB)",
+                 transfer_functions);
+
+void usage_exit(void) {
+  fprintf(stderr,
+          "Usage: %s [--transfer-function=<tf>] --width=<width> "
+          "--height=<height> --iso=<iso> --output=<output.tbl>\n",
+          exec_name);
+  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+typedef struct {
+  float (*to_linear)(float);
+  float (*from_linear)(float);
+  // In linear output light. This would typically be 0.18 for SDR (this matches
+  // the definition of Standard Output Sensitivity from ISO 12232:2019), but in
+  // HDR, we certainly do not want to consider 18% of the maximum output a
+  // “mid-tone”, as it would be e.g. 1800 cd/m² for SMPTE ST 2084 (PQ).
+  float mid_tone;
+} transfer_function_t;
+
+static const transfer_function_t *find_transfer_function(
+    aom_transfer_characteristics_t tc);
+
+typedef struct {
+  int width;
+  int height;
+  int iso_setting;
+
+  const transfer_function_t *transfer_function;
+
+  const char *output_filename;
+} photon_noise_args_t;
+
+static void parse_args(int argc, char **argv,
+                       photon_noise_args_t *photon_noise_args) {
+  static const arg_def_t *args[] = { &help_arg,   &width_arg,
+                                     &height_arg, &iso_arg,
+                                     &output_arg, &transfer_function_arg,
+                                     NULL };
+  struct arg arg;
+  int width_set = 0, height_set = 0, iso_set = 0, output_set = 0, i;
+
+  photon_noise_args->transfer_function =
+      find_transfer_function(AOM_CICP_TC_SRGB);
+
+  for (i = 1; i < argc; i += arg.argv_step) {
+    arg.argv_step = 1;
+    if (arg_match(&arg, &help_arg, argv + i)) {
+      arg_show_usage(stdout, args);
+      exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &width_arg, argv + i)) {
+      photon_noise_args->width = arg_parse_int(&arg);
+      width_set = 1;
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &height_arg, argv + i)) {
+      photon_noise_args->height = arg_parse_int(&arg);
+      height_set = 1;
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &iso_arg, argv + i)) {
+      photon_noise_args->iso_setting = arg_parse_int(&arg);
+      iso_set = 1;
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &output_arg, argv + i)) {
+      photon_noise_args->output_filename = arg.val;
+      output_set = 1;
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &transfer_function_arg, argv + i)) {
+      const aom_transfer_characteristics_t tc = arg_parse_enum(&arg);
+      photon_noise_args->transfer_function = find_transfer_function(tc);
+    } else {
+      fatal("unrecognized argument \"%s\", see --help for available options",
+            argv[i]);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (!width_set) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Missing required parameter --width\n");
+    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+  }
+
+  if (!height_set) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Missing required parameter --height\n");
+    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+  }
+
+  if (!iso_set) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Missing required parameter --iso\n");
+    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+  }
+
+  if (!output_set) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Missing required parameter --output\n");
+    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+  }
+}
+
+static float maxf(float a, float b) { return a > b ? a : b; }
+static float minf(float a, float b) { return a < b ? a : b; }
+
+static float gamma22_to_linear(float g) { return powf(g, 2.2f); }
+static float gamma22_from_linear(float l) { return powf(l, 1 / 2.2f); }
+static float gamma28_to_linear(float g) { return powf(g, 2.8f); }
+static float gamma28_from_linear(float l) { return powf(l, 1 / 2.8f); }
+
+static float srgb_to_linear(float srgb) {
+  return srgb <= 0.04045f ? srgb / 12.92f
+                          : powf((srgb + 0.055f) / 1.055f, 2.4f);
+}
+static float srgb_from_linear(float linear) {
+  return linear <= 0.0031308f ? 12.92f * linear
+                              : 1.055f * powf(linear, 1 / 2.4f) - 0.055f;
+}
+
+static const float kPqM1 = 2610.f / 16384;
+static const float kPqM2 = 128 * 2523.f / 4096;
+static const float kPqC1 = 3424.f / 4096;
+static const float kPqC2 = 32 * 2413.f / 4096;
+static const float kPqC3 = 32 * 2392.f / 4096;
+static float pq_to_linear(float pq) {
+  const float pq_pow_inv_m2 = powf(pq, 1.f / kPqM2);
+  return powf(maxf(0, pq_pow_inv_m2 - kPqC1) / (kPqC2 - kPqC3 * pq_pow_inv_m2),
+              1.f / kPqM1);
+}
+static float pq_from_linear(float linear) {
+  const float linear_pow_m1 = powf(linear, kPqM1);
+  return powf((kPqC1 + kPqC2 * linear_pow_m1) / (1 + kPqC3 * linear_pow_m1),
+              kPqM2);
+}
+
+// Note: it is perhaps debatable whether “linear” for HLG should be scene light
+// or display light. Here, it is implemented in terms of display light assuming
+// a nominal peak display luminance of 1000 cd/m², hence the system γ of 1.2. To
+// make it scene light instead, the OOTF (powf(x, 1.2f)) and its inverse should
+// be removed from the functions below, and the .mid_tone should be replaced
+// with powf(26.f / 1000, 1 / 1.2f).
+static const float kHlgA = 0.17883277f;
+static const float kHlgB = 0.28466892f;
+static const float kHlgC = 0.55991073f;
+static float hlg_to_linear(float hlg) {
+  // EOTF = OOTF ∘ OETF⁻¹
+  const float linear =
+      hlg <= 0.5f ? hlg * hlg / 3 : (expf((hlg - kHlgC) / kHlgA) + kHlgB) / 12;
+  return powf(linear, 1.2f);
+}
+static float hlg_from_linear(float linear) {
+  // EOTF⁻¹ = OETF ∘ OOTF⁻¹
+  linear = powf(linear, 1.f / 1.2f);
+  return linear <= 1.f / 12 ? sqrtf(3 * linear)
+                            : kHlgA * logf(12 * linear - kHlgB) + kHlgC;
+}
+
+static const transfer_function_t *find_transfer_function(
+    aom_transfer_characteristics_t tc) {
+  static const transfer_function_t
+      kGamma22TransferFunction = { .to_linear = &gamma22_to_linear,
+                                   .from_linear = &gamma22_from_linear,
+                                   .mid_tone = 0.18f },
+      kGamma28TransferFunction = { .to_linear = &gamma28_to_linear,
+                                   .from_linear = &gamma28_from_linear,
+                                   .mid_tone = 0.18f },
+      kSRgbTransferFunction = { .to_linear = &srgb_to_linear,
+                                .from_linear = &srgb_from_linear,
+                                .mid_tone = 0.18f },
+      kPqTransferFunction = { .to_linear = &pq_to_linear,
+                              .from_linear = &pq_from_linear,
+                              // https://www.itu.int/pub/R-REP-BT.2408-4-2021
+                              // page 6 (PDF page 8)
+                              .mid_tone = 26.f / 10000 },
+      kHlgTransferFunction = { .to_linear = &hlg_to_linear,
+                               .from_linear = &hlg_from_linear,
+                               .mid_tone = 26.f / 1000 };
+
+  switch (tc) {
+    case AOM_CICP_TC_BT_470_M: return &kGamma22TransferFunction;
+    case AOM_CICP_TC_BT_470_B_G: return &kGamma28TransferFunction;
+    case AOM_CICP_TC_SRGB: return &kSRgbTransferFunction;
+    case AOM_CICP_TC_SMPTE_2084: return &kPqTransferFunction;
+    case AOM_CICP_TC_HLG: return &kHlgTransferFunction;
+
+    default: fatal("unimplemented transfer function %d", tc);
+  }
+}
+
+static void generate_photon_noise(const photon_noise_args_t *photon_noise_args,
+                                  aom_film_grain_t *film_grain) {
+  // Assumes a daylight-like spectrum.
+  // https://www.strollswithmydog.com/effective-quantum-efficiency-of-sensor/#:~:text=11%2C260%20photons/um%5E2/lx-s
+  static const float kPhotonsPerLxSPerUm2 = 11260;
+
+  // Order of magnitude for cameras in the 2010-2020 decade, taking the CFA into
+  // account.
+  static const float kEffectiveQuantumEfficiency = 0.20f;
+
+  // Also reasonable values for current cameras. The read noise is typically
+  // higher than this at low ISO settings but it matters less there.
+  static const float kPhotoResponseNonUniformity = 0.005f;
+  static const float kInputReferredReadNoise = 1.5f;
+
+  // Focal plane exposure for a mid-tone (typically a 18% reflectance card), in
+  // lx·s.
+  const float mid_tone_exposure = 10.f / photon_noise_args->iso_setting;
+
+  // In microns. Assumes a 35mm sensor (36mm × 24mm).
+  const float pixel_area_um2 = (36000 * 24000.f) / (photon_noise_args->width *
+                                                    photon_noise_args->height);
+
+  const float mid_tone_electrons_per_pixel = kEffectiveQuantumEfficiency *
+                                             kPhotonsPerLxSPerUm2 *
+                                             mid_tone_exposure * pixel_area_um2;
+  const float max_electrons_per_pixel =
+      mid_tone_electrons_per_pixel /
+      photon_noise_args->transfer_function->mid_tone;
+
+  int i;
+
+  film_grain->num_y_points = 14;
+  for (i = 0; i < film_grain->num_y_points; ++i) {
+    float x = i / (film_grain->num_y_points - 1.f);
+    const float linear = photon_noise_args->transfer_function->to_linear(x);
+    const float electrons_per_pixel = max_electrons_per_pixel * linear;
+    // Quadrature sum of the relevant sources of noise, in electrons rms. Photon
+    // shot noise is sqrt(electrons) so we can skip the square root and the
+    // squaring.
+    // https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addition_in_quadrature
+    // https://doi.org/10.1117/3.725073
+    const float noise_in_electrons =
+        sqrtf(kInputReferredReadNoise * kInputReferredReadNoise +
+              electrons_per_pixel +
+              (kPhotoResponseNonUniformity * kPhotoResponseNonUniformity *
+               electrons_per_pixel * electrons_per_pixel));
+    const float linear_noise = noise_in_electrons / max_electrons_per_pixel;
+    const float linear_range_start = maxf(0.f, linear - 2 * linear_noise);
+    const float linear_range_end = minf(1.f, linear + 2 * linear_noise);
+    const float tf_slope =
+        (photon_noise_args->transfer_function->from_linear(linear_range_end) -
+         photon_noise_args->transfer_function->from_linear(
+             linear_range_start)) /
+        (linear_range_end - linear_range_start);
+    float encoded_noise = linear_noise * tf_slope;
+
+    x = roundf(255 * x);
+    encoded_noise = minf(255.f, roundf(255 * 7.88f * encoded_noise));
+
+    film_grain->scaling_points_y[i][0] = (int)x;
+    film_grain->scaling_points_y[i][1] = (int)encoded_noise;
+  }
+
+  film_grain->apply_grain = 1;
+  film_grain->update_parameters = 1;
+  film_grain->num_cb_points = 0;
+  film_grain->num_cr_points = 0;
+  film_grain->scaling_shift = 8;
+  film_grain->ar_coeff_lag = 0;
+  film_grain->ar_coeffs_cb[0] = 0;
+  film_grain->ar_coeffs_cr[0] = 0;
+  film_grain->ar_coeff_shift = 6;
+  film_grain->cb_mult = 0;
+  film_grain->cb_luma_mult = 0;
+  film_grain->cb_offset = 0;
+  film_grain->cr_mult = 0;
+  film_grain->cr_luma_mult = 0;
+  film_grain->cr_offset = 0;
+  film_grain->overlap_flag = 1;
+  film_grain->random_seed = 7391;
+  film_grain->chroma_scaling_from_luma = 0;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+  photon_noise_args_t photon_noise_args;
+  aom_film_grain_table_t film_grain_table;
+  aom_film_grain_t film_grain;
+  struct aom_internal_error_info error_info;
+  memset(&photon_noise_args, 0, sizeof(photon_noise_args));
+  memset(&film_grain_table, 0, sizeof(film_grain_table));
+  memset(&film_grain, 0, sizeof(film_grain));
+  memset(&error_info, 0, sizeof(error_info));
+
+  exec_name = argv[0];
+  parse_args(argc, argv, &photon_noise_args);
+
+  generate_photon_noise(&photon_noise_args, &film_grain);
+  aom_film_grain_table_append(&film_grain_table, 0, 9223372036854775807ull,
+                              &film_grain);
+  if (aom_film_grain_table_write(&film_grain_table,
+                                 photon_noise_args.output_filename,
+                                 &error_info) != AOM_CODEC_OK) {
+    aom_film_grain_table_free(&film_grain_table);
+    fprintf(stderr, "Failed to write film grain table");
+    if (error_info.has_detail) {
+      fprintf(stderr, ": %s", error_info.detail);
+    }
+    fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+    return EXIT_FAILURE;
+  }
+  aom_film_grain_table_free(&film_grain_table);
+
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/third_party/aom/examples/scalable_decoder.c b/third_party/aom/examples/scalable_decoder.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..00fe820fd5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/aom/examples/scalable_decoder.c
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved
+ *
+ * This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
+ * the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
+ * was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
+ * obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
+ * Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
+ * PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
+ */
+
+// Scalable Decoder
+// ==============
+//
+// This is an example of a scalable decoder loop. It takes a 2-spatial-layer
+// input file
+// containing the compressed data (in OBU format), passes it through the
+// decoder, and writes the decompressed frames to disk. The base layer and
+// enhancement layers are stored as separate files, out_lyr0.yuv and
+// out_lyr1.yuv, respectively.
+//
+// Standard Includes
+// -----------------
+// For decoders, you only have to include `aom_decoder.h` and then any
+// header files for the specific codecs you use. In this case, we're using
+// av1.
+//
+// Initializing The Codec
+// ----------------------
+// The libaom decoder is initialized by the call to aom_codec_dec_init().
+// Determining the codec interface to use is handled by AvxVideoReader and the
+// functions prefixed with aom_video_reader_. Discussion of those functions is
+// beyond the scope of this example, but the main gist is to open the input file
+// and parse just enough of it to determine if it's a AVx file and which AVx
+// codec is contained within the file.
+// Note the NULL pointer passed to aom_codec_dec_init(). We do that in this
+// example because we want the algorithm to determine the stream configuration
+// (width/height) and allocate memory automatically.
+//
+// Decoding A Frame
+// ----------------
+// Once the frame has been read into memory, it is decoded using the
+// `aom_codec_decode` function. The call takes a pointer to the data
+// (`frame`) and the length of the data (`frame_size`). No application data
+// is associated with the frame in this example, so the `user_priv`
+// parameter is NULL. The `deadline` parameter is left at zero for this
+// example. This parameter is generally only used when doing adaptive post
+// processing.
+//
+// Codecs may produce a variable number of output frames for every call to
+// `aom_codec_decode`. These frames are retrieved by the
+// `aom_codec_get_frame` iterator function. The iterator variable `iter` is
+// initialized to NULL each time `aom_codec_decode` is called.
+// `aom_codec_get_frame` is called in a loop, returning a pointer to a
+// decoded image or NULL to indicate the end of list.
+//
+// Processing The Decoded Data
+// ---------------------------
+// In this example, we simply write the encoded data to disk. It is
+// important to honor the image's `stride` values.
+//
+// Cleanup
+// -------
+// The `aom_codec_destroy` call frees any memory allocated by the codec.
+//
+// Error Handling
+// --------------
+// This example does not special case any error return codes. If there was
+// an error, a descriptive message is printed and the program exits. With
+// few exceptions, aom_codec functions return an enumerated error status,
+// with the value `0` indicating success.
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "aom/aom_decoder.h"
+#include "aom/aomdx.h"
+#include "common/obudec.h"
+#include "common/tools_common.h"
+#include "common/video_reader.h"
+
+static const char *exec_name;
+
+#define MAX_LAYERS 5
+
+void usage_exit(void) {
+  fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <infile>\n", exec_name);
+  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+  int frame_cnt = 0;
+  FILE *outfile[MAX_LAYERS];
+  char filename[80];
+  FILE *inputfile = NULL;
+  uint8_t *buf = NULL;
+  size_t bytes_in_buffer = 0;
+  size_t buffer_size = 0;
+  struct AvxInputContext aom_input_ctx;
+  struct ObuDecInputContext obu_ctx = { &aom_input_ctx, NULL, 0, 0, 0 };
+  aom_codec_stream_info_t si;
+  uint8_t tmpbuf[32];
+  unsigned int i;
+
+  exec_name = argv[0];
+
+  if (argc != 2) die("Invalid number of arguments.");
+
+  if (!(inputfile = fopen(argv[1], "rb")))
+    die("Failed to open %s for read.", argv[1]);
+  obu_ctx.avx_ctx->file = inputfile;
+  obu_ctx.avx_ctx->filename = argv[1];
+
+  aom_codec_iface_t *decoder = get_aom_decoder_by_index(0);
+  printf("Using %s\n", aom_codec_iface_name(decoder));
+
+  aom_codec_ctx_t codec;
+  if (aom_codec_dec_init(&codec, decoder, NULL, 0))
+    die("Failed to initialize decoder.");
+
+  if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1D_SET_OUTPUT_ALL_LAYERS, 1)) {
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set output_all_layers control.");
+  }
+
+  // peak sequence header OBU to get number of spatial layers
+  const size_t ret = fread(tmpbuf, 1, 32, inputfile);
+  if (ret != 32) die_codec(&codec, "Input is not a valid obu file");
+  si.is_annexb = 0;
+  if (aom_codec_peek_stream_info(decoder, tmpbuf, 32, &si)) {
+    die_codec(&codec, "Input is not a valid obu file");
+  }
+  fseek(inputfile, -32, SEEK_CUR);
+
+  if (!file_is_obu(&obu_ctx))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Input is not a valid obu file");
+
+  // open base layer output yuv file
+  snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "out_lyr%d.yuv", 0);
+  if (!(outfile[0] = fopen(filename, "wb")))
+    die("Failed top open output for writing.");
+
+  // open any enhancement layer output yuv files
+  for (i = 1; i < si.number_spatial_layers; i++) {
+    snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "out_lyr%u.yuv", i);
+    if (!(outfile[i] = fopen(filename, "wb")))
+      die("Failed to open output for writing.");
+  }
+
+  while (!obudec_read_temporal_unit(&obu_ctx, &buf, &bytes_in_buffer,
+                                    &buffer_size)) {
+    aom_codec_iter_t iter = NULL;
+    aom_image_t *img = NULL;
+    if (aom_codec_decode(&codec, buf, bytes_in_buffer, NULL))
+      die_codec(&codec, "Failed to decode frame.");
+
+    while ((img = aom_codec_get_frame(&codec, &iter)) != NULL) {
+      aom_image_t *img_shifted =
+          aom_img_alloc(NULL, AOM_IMG_FMT_I420, img->d_w, img->d_h, 16);
+      img_shifted->bit_depth = 8;
+      aom_img_downshift(img_shifted, img,
+                        img->bit_depth - img_shifted->bit_depth);
+      if (img->spatial_id == 0) {
+        printf("Writing        base layer 0 %d\n", frame_cnt);
+        aom_img_write(img_shifted, outfile[0]);
+      } else if (img->spatial_id <= (int)(si.number_spatial_layers - 1)) {
+        printf("Writing enhancement layer %d %d\n", img->spatial_id, frame_cnt);
+        aom_img_write(img_shifted, outfile[img->spatial_id]);
+      } else {
+        die_codec(&codec, "Invalid bitstream. Layer id exceeds layer count");
+      }
+      if (img->spatial_id == (int)(si.number_spatial_layers - 1)) ++frame_cnt;
+    }
+  }
+
+  printf("Processed %d frames.\n", frame_cnt);
+  if (aom_codec_destroy(&codec)) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to destroy codec");
+
+  for (i = 0; i < si.number_spatial_layers; i++) fclose(outfile[i]);
+
+  fclose(inputfile);
+
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/third_party/aom/examples/scalable_encoder.c b/third_party/aom/examples/scalable_encoder.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5bfd1840b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/aom/examples/scalable_encoder.c
@@ -0,0 +1,288 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved
+ *
+ * This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
+ * the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
+ * was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
+ * obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
+ * Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
+ * PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
+ */
+
+// Scalable Encoder
+// ==============
+//
+// This is an example of a scalable encoder loop. It takes two input files in
+// YV12 format, passes it through the encoder, and writes the compressed
+// frames to disk in OBU format.
+//
+// Getting The Default Configuration
+// ---------------------------------
+// Encoders have the notion of "usage profiles." For example, an encoder
+// may want to publish default configurations for both a video
+// conferencing application and a best quality offline encoder. These
+// obviously have very different default settings. Consult the
+// documentation for your codec to see if it provides any default
+// configurations. All codecs provide a default configuration, number 0,
+// which is valid for material in the vacinity of QCIF/QVGA.
+//
+// Updating The Configuration
+// ---------------------------------
+// Almost all applications will want to update the default configuration
+// with settings specific to their usage. Here we set the width and height
+// of the video file to that specified on the command line. We also scale
+// the default bitrate based on the ratio between the default resolution
+// and the resolution specified on the command line.
+//
+// Encoding A Frame
+// ----------------
+// The frame is read as a continuous block (size = width * height * 3 / 2)
+// from the input file. If a frame was read (the input file has not hit
+// EOF) then the frame is passed to the encoder. Otherwise, a NULL
+// is passed, indicating the End-Of-Stream condition to the encoder. The
+// `frame_cnt` is reused as the presentation time stamp (PTS) and each
+// frame is shown for one frame-time in duration. The flags parameter is
+// unused in this example.
+
+// Forced Keyframes
+// ----------------
+// Keyframes can be forced by setting the AOM_EFLAG_FORCE_KF bit of the
+// flags passed to `aom_codec_control()`. In this example, we force a
+// keyframe every <keyframe-interval> frames. Note, the output stream can
+// contain additional keyframes beyond those that have been forced using the
+// AOM_EFLAG_FORCE_KF flag because of automatic keyframe placement by the
+// encoder.
+//
+// Processing The Encoded Data
+// ---------------------------
+// Each packet of type `AOM_CODEC_CX_FRAME_PKT` contains the encoded data
+// for this frame. We write a IVF frame header, followed by the raw data.
+//
+// Cleanup
+// -------
+// The `aom_codec_destroy` call frees any memory allocated by the codec.
+//
+// Error Handling
+// --------------
+// This example does not special case any error return codes. If there was
+// an error, a descriptive message is printed and the program exits. With
+// few exeptions, aom_codec functions return an enumerated error status,
+// with the value `0` indicating success.
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "aom/aom_encoder.h"
+#include "aom/aomcx.h"
+#include "av1/common/enums.h"
+#include "common/tools_common.h"
+#include "common/video_writer.h"
+
+static const char *exec_name;
+
+void usage_exit(void) {
+  fprintf(stderr,
+          "Usage: %s <codec> <width> <height> <infile0> <infile1> "
+          "<outfile> <frames to encode>\n"
+          "See comments in scalable_encoder.c for more information.\n",
+          exec_name);
+  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+static int encode_frame(aom_codec_ctx_t *codec, aom_image_t *img,
+                        int frame_index, int flags, FILE *outfile) {
+  int got_pkts = 0;
+  aom_codec_iter_t iter = NULL;
+  const aom_codec_cx_pkt_t *pkt = NULL;
+  const aom_codec_err_t res =
+      aom_codec_encode(codec, img, frame_index, 1, flags);
+  if (res != AOM_CODEC_OK) die_codec(codec, "Failed to encode frame");
+
+  while ((pkt = aom_codec_get_cx_data(codec, &iter)) != NULL) {
+    got_pkts = 1;
+
+    if (pkt->kind == AOM_CODEC_CX_FRAME_PKT) {
+      const int keyframe = (pkt->data.frame.flags & AOM_FRAME_IS_KEY) != 0;
+      if (fwrite(pkt->data.frame.buf, 1, pkt->data.frame.sz, outfile) !=
+          pkt->data.frame.sz) {
+        die_codec(codec, "Failed to write compressed frame");
+      }
+      printf(keyframe ? "K" : ".");
+      printf(" %6d\n", (int)pkt->data.frame.sz);
+      fflush(stdout);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return got_pkts;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+  FILE *infile0 = NULL;
+  FILE *infile1 = NULL;
+  aom_codec_enc_cfg_t cfg;
+  int frame_count = 0;
+  aom_image_t raw0, raw1;
+  aom_codec_err_t res;
+  AvxVideoInfo info;
+  const int fps = 30;
+  const int bitrate = 200;
+  int keyframe_interval = 0;
+  int max_frames = 0;
+  int frames_encoded = 0;
+  const char *codec_arg = NULL;
+  const char *width_arg = NULL;
+  const char *height_arg = NULL;
+  const char *infile0_arg = NULL;
+  const char *infile1_arg = NULL;
+  const char *outfile_arg = NULL;
+  //  const char *keyframe_interval_arg = NULL;
+  FILE *outfile = NULL;
+
+  exec_name = argv[0];
+
+  // Clear explicitly, as simply assigning "{ 0 }" generates
+  // "missing-field-initializers" warning in some compilers.
+  memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
+
+  if (argc != 8) die("Invalid number of arguments");
+
+  codec_arg = argv[1];
+  width_arg = argv[2];
+  height_arg = argv[3];
+  infile0_arg = argv[4];
+  infile1_arg = argv[5];
+  outfile_arg = argv[6];
+  max_frames = (int)strtol(argv[7], NULL, 0);
+
+  aom_codec_iface_t *encoder = get_aom_encoder_by_short_name(codec_arg);
+  if (!encoder) die("Unsupported codec.");
+
+  info.codec_fourcc = get_fourcc_by_aom_encoder(encoder);
+  info.frame_width = (int)strtol(width_arg, NULL, 0);
+  info.frame_height = (int)strtol(height_arg, NULL, 0);
+  info.time_base.numerator = 1;
+  info.time_base.denominator = fps;
+
+  if (info.frame_width <= 0 || info.frame_height <= 0 ||
+      (info.frame_width % 2) != 0 || (info.frame_height % 2) != 0) {
+    die("Invalid frame size: %dx%d", info.frame_width, info.frame_height);
+  }
+
+  if (!aom_img_alloc(&raw0, AOM_IMG_FMT_I420, info.frame_width,
+                     info.frame_height, 1)) {
+    die("Failed to allocate image for layer 0.");
+  }
+  if (!aom_img_alloc(&raw1, AOM_IMG_FMT_I420, info.frame_width,
+                     info.frame_height, 1)) {
+    die("Failed to allocate image for layer 1.");
+  }
+
+  //  keyframe_interval = (int)strtol(keyframe_interval_arg, NULL, 0);
+  keyframe_interval = 100;
+  if (keyframe_interval < 0) die("Invalid keyframe interval value.");
+
+  printf("Using %s\n", aom_codec_iface_name(encoder));
+
+  aom_codec_ctx_t codec;
+  res = aom_codec_enc_config_default(encoder, &cfg, 0);
+  if (res) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to get default codec config.");
+
+  cfg.g_w = info.frame_width;
+  cfg.g_h = info.frame_height;
+  cfg.g_timebase.num = info.time_base.numerator;
+  cfg.g_timebase.den = info.time_base.denominator;
+  cfg.rc_target_bitrate = bitrate;
+  cfg.g_error_resilient = 0;
+  cfg.g_lag_in_frames = 0;
+  cfg.rc_end_usage = AOM_Q;
+  cfg.save_as_annexb = 0;
+
+  outfile = fopen(outfile_arg, "wb");
+  if (!outfile) die("Failed to open %s for writing.", outfile_arg);
+
+  if (!(infile0 = fopen(infile0_arg, "rb")))
+    die("Failed to open %s for reading.", infile0_arg);
+  if (!(infile1 = fopen(infile1_arg, "rb")))
+    die("Failed to open %s for reading.", infile0_arg);
+
+  if (aom_codec_enc_init(&codec, encoder, &cfg, 0))
+    die("Failed to initialize encoder");
+  if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AOME_SET_CPUUSED, 8))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set cpu to 8");
+
+  if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_TILE_COLUMNS, 2))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set tile columns to 2");
+  if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_NUM_TG, 3))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set num of tile groups to 3");
+
+  if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AOME_SET_NUMBER_SPATIAL_LAYERS, 2))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set number of spatial layers to 2");
+
+  // Encode frames.
+  while (aom_img_read(&raw0, infile0)) {
+    int flags = 0;
+
+    // configure and encode base layer
+
+    if (keyframe_interval > 0 && frames_encoded % keyframe_interval == 0)
+      flags |= AOM_EFLAG_FORCE_KF;
+    else
+      // use previous base layer (LAST) as sole reference
+      // save this frame as LAST to be used as reference by enhanmcent layer
+      // and next base layer
+      flags |= AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST2 | AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST3 |
+               AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF |
+               AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_BWD | AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF2 |
+               AOM_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | AOM_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF |
+               AOM_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ENTROPY;
+    cfg.g_w = info.frame_width;
+    cfg.g_h = info.frame_height;
+    if (aom_codec_enc_config_set(&codec, &cfg))
+      die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set enc cfg for layer 0");
+    if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AOME_SET_SPATIAL_LAYER_ID, 0))
+      die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set layer id to 0");
+    if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AOME_SET_CQ_LEVEL, 62))
+      die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set cq level");
+    encode_frame(&codec, &raw0, frame_count++, flags, outfile);
+
+    // configure and encode enhancement layer
+
+    //  use LAST (base layer) as sole reference
+    flags = AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST2 | AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST3 |
+            AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF | AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_BWD |
+            AOM_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF2 | AOM_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST |
+            AOM_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | AOM_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF |
+            AOM_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ENTROPY;
+    cfg.g_w = info.frame_width;
+    cfg.g_h = info.frame_height;
+    aom_img_read(&raw1, infile1);
+    if (aom_codec_enc_config_set(&codec, &cfg))
+      die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set enc cfg for layer 1");
+    if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AOME_SET_SPATIAL_LAYER_ID, 1))
+      die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set layer id to 1");
+    if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AOME_SET_CQ_LEVEL, 10))
+      die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set cq level");
+    encode_frame(&codec, &raw1, frame_count++, flags, outfile);
+
+    frames_encoded++;
+
+    if (max_frames > 0 && frames_encoded >= max_frames) break;
+  }
+
+  // Flush encoder.
+  while (encode_frame(&codec, NULL, -1, 0, outfile)) continue;
+
+  printf("\n");
+  fclose(infile0);
+  fclose(infile1);
+  printf("Processed %d frames.\n", frame_count / 2);
+
+  aom_img_free(&raw0);
+  aom_img_free(&raw1);
+  if (aom_codec_destroy(&codec)) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to destroy codec.");
+
+  fclose(outfile);
+
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/third_party/aom/examples/set_maps.c b/third_party/aom/examples/set_maps.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2593faba34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/aom/examples/set_maps.c
@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved
+ *
+ * This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
+ * the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
+ * was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
+ * obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
+ * Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
+ * PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
+ */
+
+// AOM Set Active and ROI Maps
+// ===========================
+//
+// This is an example demonstrating how to control the AOM encoder's
+// ROI and Active maps.
+//
+// ROI (Region of Interest) maps are a way for the application to assign
+// each macroblock in the image to a region, and then set quantizer and
+// filtering parameters on that image.
+//
+// Active maps are a way for the application to specify on a
+// macroblock-by-macroblock basis whether there is any activity in that
+// macroblock.
+//
+//
+// Configuration
+// -------------
+// An ROI map is set on frame 22. If the width of the image in macroblocks
+// is evenly divisible by 4, then the output will appear to have distinct
+// columns, where the quantizer, loopfilter, and static threshold differ
+// from column to column.
+//
+// An active map is set on frame 33. If the width of the image in macroblocks
+// is evenly divisible by 4, then the output will appear to have distinct
+// columns, where one column will have motion and the next will not.
+//
+// The active map is cleared on frame 44.
+//
+// Observing The Effects
+// ---------------------
+// Use the `simple_decoder` example to decode this sample, and observe
+// the change in the image at frames 22, 33, and 44.
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "aom/aom_encoder.h"
+#include "aom/aomcx.h"
+#include "common/tools_common.h"
+#include "common/video_writer.h"
+
+static const char *exec_name;
+
+void usage_exit(void) {
+  fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <codec> <width> <height> <infile> <outfile>\n",
+          exec_name);
+  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+static void set_active_map(const aom_codec_enc_cfg_t *cfg,
+                           aom_codec_ctx_t *codec) {
+  unsigned int i;
+  aom_active_map_t map = { 0, 0, 0 };
+
+  map.rows = (cfg->g_h + 15) / 16;
+  map.cols = (cfg->g_w + 15) / 16;
+
+  map.active_map = (uint8_t *)malloc(map.rows * map.cols);
+  if (!map.active_map) die("Failed to allocate active map");
+  for (i = 0; i < map.rows * map.cols; ++i) map.active_map[i] = i % 2;
+
+  if (aom_codec_control(codec, AOME_SET_ACTIVEMAP, &map))
+    die_codec(codec, "Failed to set active map");
+
+  free(map.active_map);
+}
+
+static void unset_active_map(const aom_codec_enc_cfg_t *cfg,
+                             aom_codec_ctx_t *codec) {
+  aom_active_map_t map = { 0, 0, 0 };
+
+  map.rows = (cfg->g_h + 15) / 16;
+  map.cols = (cfg->g_w + 15) / 16;
+  map.active_map = NULL;
+
+  if (aom_codec_control(codec, AOME_SET_ACTIVEMAP, &map))
+    die_codec(codec, "Failed to set active map");
+}
+
+static int encode_frame(aom_codec_ctx_t *codec, aom_image_t *img,
+                        int frame_index, AvxVideoWriter *writer) {
+  int got_pkts = 0;
+  aom_codec_iter_t iter = NULL;
+  const aom_codec_cx_pkt_t *pkt = NULL;
+  const aom_codec_err_t res = aom_codec_encode(codec, img, frame_index, 1, 0);
+  if (res != AOM_CODEC_OK) die_codec(codec, "Failed to encode frame");
+
+  while ((pkt = aom_codec_get_cx_data(codec, &iter)) != NULL) {
+    got_pkts = 1;
+
+    if (pkt->kind == AOM_CODEC_CX_FRAME_PKT) {
+      const int keyframe = (pkt->data.frame.flags & AOM_FRAME_IS_KEY) != 0;
+      if (!aom_video_writer_write_frame(writer, pkt->data.frame.buf,
+                                        pkt->data.frame.sz,
+                                        pkt->data.frame.pts)) {
+        die_codec(codec, "Failed to write compressed frame");
+      }
+
+      printf(keyframe ? "K" : ".");
+      fflush(stdout);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return got_pkts;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+  FILE *infile = NULL;
+  aom_codec_ctx_t codec;
+  aom_codec_enc_cfg_t cfg;
+  int frame_count = 0;
+  const int limit = 10;
+  aom_image_t raw;
+  aom_codec_err_t res;
+  AvxVideoInfo info;
+  AvxVideoWriter *writer = NULL;
+  const int fps = 2;  // TODO(dkovalev) add command line argument
+  const double bits_per_pixel_per_frame = 0.067;
+
+#if CONFIG_REALTIME_ONLY
+  const int usage = 1;
+  const int speed = 7;
+#else
+  const int usage = 0;
+  const int speed = 2;
+#endif
+
+  exec_name = argv[0];
+  if (argc != 6) die("Invalid number of arguments");
+
+  memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
+
+  aom_codec_iface_t *encoder = get_aom_encoder_by_short_name(argv[1]);
+  if (encoder == NULL) {
+    die("Unsupported codec.");
+  }
+  assert(encoder != NULL);
+  info.codec_fourcc = get_fourcc_by_aom_encoder(encoder);
+  info.frame_width = (int)strtol(argv[2], NULL, 0);
+  info.frame_height = (int)strtol(argv[3], NULL, 0);
+  info.time_base.numerator = 1;
+  info.time_base.denominator = fps;
+
+  if (info.frame_width <= 0 || info.frame_height <= 0 ||
+      (info.frame_width % 2) != 0 || (info.frame_height % 2) != 0) {
+    die("Invalid frame size: %dx%d", info.frame_width, info.frame_height);
+  }
+
+  if (!aom_img_alloc(&raw, AOM_IMG_FMT_I420, info.frame_width,
+                     info.frame_height, 1)) {
+    die("Failed to allocate image.");
+  }
+
+  printf("Using %s\n", aom_codec_iface_name(encoder));
+
+  res = aom_codec_enc_config_default(encoder, &cfg, usage);
+  if (res) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to get default codec config.");
+
+  cfg.g_w = info.frame_width;
+  cfg.g_h = info.frame_height;
+  cfg.g_timebase.num = info.time_base.numerator;
+  cfg.g_timebase.den = info.time_base.denominator;
+  cfg.rc_target_bitrate =
+      (unsigned int)(bits_per_pixel_per_frame * cfg.g_w * cfg.g_h * fps / 1000);
+  cfg.g_lag_in_frames = 0;
+
+  writer = aom_video_writer_open(argv[5], kContainerIVF, &info);
+  if (!writer) die("Failed to open %s for writing.", argv[5]);
+
+  if (!(infile = fopen(argv[4], "rb")))
+    die("Failed to open %s for reading.", argv[4]);
+
+  if (aom_codec_enc_init(&codec, encoder, &cfg, 0))
+    die("Failed to initialize encoder");
+
+  if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AOME_SET_CPUUSED, speed))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set cpu-used");
+
+  // Encode frames.
+  while (aom_img_read(&raw, infile) && frame_count < limit) {
+    ++frame_count;
+
+    if (frame_count == 5) {
+      set_active_map(&cfg, &codec);
+    } else if (frame_count == 9) {
+      unset_active_map(&cfg, &codec);
+    }
+
+    encode_frame(&codec, &raw, frame_count, writer);
+  }
+
+  // Flush encoder.
+  while (encode_frame(&codec, NULL, -1, writer)) {
+  }
+
+  printf("\n");
+  fclose(infile);
+  printf("Processed %d frames.\n", frame_count);
+
+  aom_img_free(&raw);
+  if (aom_codec_destroy(&codec)) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to destroy codec.");
+
+  aom_video_writer_close(writer);
+
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/third_party/aom/examples/simple_decoder.c b/third_party/aom/examples/simple_decoder.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b6891dcbba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/aom/examples/simple_decoder.c
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved
+ *
+ * This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
+ * the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
+ * was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
+ * obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
+ * Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
+ * PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
+ */
+
+// Simple Decoder
+// ==============
+//
+// This is an example of a simple decoder loop. It takes an input file
+// containing the compressed data (in IVF format), passes it through the
+// decoder, and writes the decompressed frames to disk. Other decoder
+// examples build upon this one.
+//
+// The details of the IVF format have been elided from this example for
+// simplicity of presentation, as IVF files will not generally be used by
+// your application. In general, an IVF file consists of a file header,
+// followed by a variable number of frames. Each frame consists of a frame
+// header followed by a variable length payload. The length of the payload
+// is specified in the first four bytes of the frame header. The payload is
+// the raw compressed data.
+//
+// Standard Includes
+// -----------------
+// For decoders, you only have to include `aom_decoder.h` and then any
+// header files for the specific codecs you use. In this case, we're using
+// aom.
+//
+// Initializing The Codec
+// ----------------------
+// The libaom decoder is initialized by the call to aom_codec_dec_init().
+// Determining the codec interface to use is handled by AvxVideoReader and the
+// functions prefixed with aom_video_reader_. Discussion of those functions is
+// beyond the scope of this example, but the main gist is to open the input file
+// and parse just enough of it to determine if it's a AVx file and which AVx
+// codec is contained within the file.
+// Note the NULL pointer passed to aom_codec_dec_init(). We do that in this
+// example because we want the algorithm to determine the stream configuration
+// (width/height) and allocate memory automatically.
+//
+// Decoding A Frame
+// ----------------
+// Once the frame has been read into memory, it is decoded using the
+// `aom_codec_decode` function. The call takes a pointer to the data
+// (`frame`) and the length of the data (`frame_size`). No application data
+// is associated with the frame in this example, so the `user_priv`
+// parameter is NULL.
+//
+// Codecs may produce a variable number of output frames for every call to
+// `aom_codec_decode`. These frames are retrieved by the
+// `aom_codec_get_frame` iterator function. The iterator variable `iter` is
+// initialized to NULL each time `aom_codec_decode` is called.
+// `aom_codec_get_frame` is called in a loop, returning a pointer to a
+// decoded image or NULL to indicate the end of list.
+//
+// Processing The Decoded Data
+// ---------------------------
+// In this example, we simply write the encoded data to disk. It is
+// important to honor the image's `stride` values.
+//
+// Cleanup
+// -------
+// The `aom_codec_destroy` call frees any memory allocated by the codec.
+//
+// Error Handling
+// --------------
+// This example does not special case any error return codes. If there was
+// an error, a descriptive message is printed and the program exits. With
+// few exceptions, aom_codec functions return an enumerated error status,
+// with the value `0` indicating success.
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "aom/aom_decoder.h"
+#include "common/tools_common.h"
+#include "common/video_reader.h"
+
+static const char *exec_name;
+
+void usage_exit(void) {
+  fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <infile> <outfile>\n", exec_name);
+  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+  int frame_cnt = 0;
+  FILE *outfile = NULL;
+  AvxVideoReader *reader = NULL;
+  const AvxVideoInfo *info = NULL;
+
+  exec_name = argv[0];
+
+  if (argc != 3) die("Invalid number of arguments.");
+
+  reader = aom_video_reader_open(argv[1]);
+  if (!reader) die("Failed to open %s for reading.", argv[1]);
+
+  if (!(outfile = fopen(argv[2], "wb")))
+    die("Failed to open %s for writing.", argv[2]);
+
+  info = aom_video_reader_get_info(reader);
+
+  aom_codec_iface_t *decoder = get_aom_decoder_by_fourcc(info->codec_fourcc);
+  if (!decoder) die("Unknown input codec.");
+
+  printf("Using %s\n", aom_codec_iface_name(decoder));
+
+  aom_codec_ctx_t codec;
+  if (aom_codec_dec_init(&codec, decoder, NULL, 0))
+    die("Failed to initialize decoder.");
+
+  while (aom_video_reader_read_frame(reader)) {
+    aom_codec_iter_t iter = NULL;
+    aom_image_t *img = NULL;
+    size_t frame_size = 0;
+    const unsigned char *frame =
+        aom_video_reader_get_frame(reader, &frame_size);
+    if (aom_codec_decode(&codec, frame, frame_size, NULL))
+      die_codec(&codec, "Failed to decode frame.");
+
+    while ((img = aom_codec_get_frame(&codec, &iter)) != NULL) {
+      aom_img_write(img, outfile);
+      ++frame_cnt;
+    }
+  }
+
+  printf("Processed %d frames.\n", frame_cnt);
+  if (aom_codec_destroy(&codec)) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to destroy codec");
+
+  printf("Play: ffplay -f rawvideo -pix_fmt yuv420p -s %dx%d %s\n",
+         info->frame_width, info->frame_height, argv[2]);
+
+  aom_video_reader_close(reader);
+
+  fclose(outfile);
+
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/third_party/aom/examples/simple_encoder.c b/third_party/aom/examples/simple_encoder.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c026706555
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/aom/examples/simple_encoder.c
@@ -0,0 +1,259 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved
+ *
+ * This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
+ * the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
+ * was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
+ * obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
+ * Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
+ * PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
+ */
+
+// Simple Encoder
+// ==============
+//
+// This is an example of a simple encoder loop. It takes an input file in
+// YV12 format, passes it through the encoder, and writes the compressed
+// frames to disk in IVF format. Other decoder examples build upon this
+// one.
+//
+// The details of the IVF format have been elided from this example for
+// simplicity of presentation, as IVF files will not generally be used by
+// your application. In general, an IVF file consists of a file header,
+// followed by a variable number of frames. Each frame consists of a frame
+// header followed by a variable length payload. The length of the payload
+// is specified in the first four bytes of the frame header. The payload is
+// the raw compressed data.
+//
+// Standard Includes
+// -----------------
+// For encoders, you only have to include `aom_encoder.h` and then any
+// header files for the specific codecs you use. In this case, we're using
+// aom.
+//
+// Getting The Default Configuration
+// ---------------------------------
+// Encoders have the notion of "usage profiles." For example, an encoder
+// may want to publish default configurations for both a video
+// conferencing application and a best quality offline encoder. These
+// obviously have very different default settings. Consult the
+// documentation for your codec to see if it provides any default
+// configurations. All codecs provide a default configuration, number 0,
+// which is valid for material in the vacinity of QCIF/QVGA.
+//
+// Updating The Configuration
+// ---------------------------------
+// Almost all applications will want to update the default configuration
+// with settings specific to their usage. Here we set the width and height
+// of the video file to that specified on the command line. We also scale
+// the default bitrate based on the ratio between the default resolution
+// and the resolution specified on the command line.
+//
+// Initializing The Codec
+// ----------------------
+// The encoder is initialized by the following code.
+//
+// Encoding A Frame
+// ----------------
+// The frame is read as a continuous block (size width * height * 3 / 2)
+// from the input file. If a frame was read (the input file has not hit
+// EOF) then the frame is passed to the encoder. Otherwise, a NULL
+// is passed, indicating the End-Of-Stream condition to the encoder. The
+// `frame_cnt` is reused as the presentation time stamp (PTS) and each
+// frame is shown for one frame-time in duration. The flags parameter is
+// unused in this example.
+
+// Forced Keyframes
+// ----------------
+// Keyframes can be forced by setting the AOM_EFLAG_FORCE_KF bit of the
+// flags passed to `aom_codec_control()`. In this example, we force a
+// keyframe every <keyframe-interval> frames. Note, the output stream can
+// contain additional keyframes beyond those that have been forced using the
+// AOM_EFLAG_FORCE_KF flag because of automatic keyframe placement by the
+// encoder.
+//
+// Processing The Encoded Data
+// ---------------------------
+// Each packet of type `AOM_CODEC_CX_FRAME_PKT` contains the encoded data
+// for this frame. We write a IVF frame header, followed by the raw data.
+//
+// Cleanup
+// -------
+// The `aom_codec_destroy` call frees any memory allocated by the codec.
+//
+// Error Handling
+// --------------
+// This example does not special case any error return codes. If there was
+// an error, a descriptive message is printed and the program exits. With
+// few exeptions, aom_codec functions return an enumerated error status,
+// with the value `0` indicating success.
+//
+// Error Resiliency Features
+// -------------------------
+// Error resiliency is controlled by the g_error_resilient member of the
+// configuration structure. Use the `decode_with_drops` example to decode with
+// frames 5-10 dropped. Compare the output for a file encoded with this example
+// versus one encoded with the `simple_encoder` example.
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "aom/aom_encoder.h"
+#include "aom/aomcx.h"
+#include "common/tools_common.h"
+#include "common/video_writer.h"
+
+static const char *exec_name;
+
+void usage_exit(void) {
+  fprintf(stderr,
+          "Usage: %s <codec> <width> <height> <infile> <outfile> "
+          "<keyframe-interval> <error-resilient> <frames to encode>\n"
+          "See comments in simple_encoder.c for more information.\n",
+          exec_name);
+  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+static int encode_frame(aom_codec_ctx_t *codec, aom_image_t *img,
+                        int frame_index, int flags, AvxVideoWriter *writer) {
+  int got_pkts = 0;
+  aom_codec_iter_t iter = NULL;
+  const aom_codec_cx_pkt_t *pkt = NULL;
+  const aom_codec_err_t res =
+      aom_codec_encode(codec, img, frame_index, 1, flags);
+  if (res != AOM_CODEC_OK) die_codec(codec, "Failed to encode frame");
+
+  while ((pkt = aom_codec_get_cx_data(codec, &iter)) != NULL) {
+    got_pkts = 1;
+
+    if (pkt->kind == AOM_CODEC_CX_FRAME_PKT) {
+      const int keyframe = (pkt->data.frame.flags & AOM_FRAME_IS_KEY) != 0;
+      if (!aom_video_writer_write_frame(writer, pkt->data.frame.buf,
+                                        pkt->data.frame.sz,
+                                        pkt->data.frame.pts)) {
+        die_codec(codec, "Failed to write compressed frame");
+      }
+      printf(keyframe ? "K" : ".");
+      fflush(stdout);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return got_pkts;
+}
+
+// TODO(tomfinegan): Improve command line parsing and add args for bitrate/fps.
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+  FILE *infile = NULL;
+  aom_codec_ctx_t codec;
+  aom_codec_enc_cfg_t cfg;
+  int frame_count = 0;
+  aom_image_t raw;
+  aom_codec_err_t res;
+  AvxVideoInfo info;
+  AvxVideoWriter *writer = NULL;
+  const int fps = 30;
+  const int bitrate = 200;
+  int keyframe_interval = 0;
+  int max_frames = 0;
+  int frames_encoded = 0;
+  const char *codec_arg = NULL;
+  const char *width_arg = NULL;
+  const char *height_arg = NULL;
+  const char *infile_arg = NULL;
+  const char *outfile_arg = NULL;
+  const char *keyframe_interval_arg = NULL;
+#if CONFIG_REALTIME_ONLY
+  const int usage = 1;
+  const int speed = 7;
+#else
+  const int usage = 0;
+  const int speed = 2;
+#endif
+
+  exec_name = argv[0];
+
+  // Clear explicitly, as simply assigning "{ 0 }" generates
+  // "missing-field-initializers" warning in some compilers.
+  memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
+
+  if (argc != 9) die("Invalid number of arguments");
+
+  codec_arg = argv[1];
+  width_arg = argv[2];
+  height_arg = argv[3];
+  infile_arg = argv[4];
+  outfile_arg = argv[5];
+  keyframe_interval_arg = argv[6];
+  max_frames = (int)strtol(argv[8], NULL, 0);
+
+  aom_codec_iface_t *encoder = get_aom_encoder_by_short_name(codec_arg);
+  if (!encoder) die("Unsupported codec.");
+
+  info.codec_fourcc = get_fourcc_by_aom_encoder(encoder);
+  info.frame_width = (int)strtol(width_arg, NULL, 0);
+  info.frame_height = (int)strtol(height_arg, NULL, 0);
+  info.time_base.numerator = 1;
+  info.time_base.denominator = fps;
+
+  if (info.frame_width <= 0 || info.frame_height <= 0 ||
+      (info.frame_width % 2) != 0 || (info.frame_height % 2) != 0) {
+    die("Invalid frame size: %dx%d", info.frame_width, info.frame_height);
+  }
+
+  if (!aom_img_alloc(&raw, AOM_IMG_FMT_I420, info.frame_width,
+                     info.frame_height, 1)) {
+    die("Failed to allocate image.");
+  }
+
+  keyframe_interval = (int)strtol(keyframe_interval_arg, NULL, 0);
+  if (keyframe_interval < 0) die("Invalid keyframe interval value.");
+
+  printf("Using %s\n", aom_codec_iface_name(encoder));
+
+  res = aom_codec_enc_config_default(encoder, &cfg, usage);
+  if (res) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to get default codec config.");
+
+  cfg.g_w = info.frame_width;
+  cfg.g_h = info.frame_height;
+  cfg.g_timebase.num = info.time_base.numerator;
+  cfg.g_timebase.den = info.time_base.denominator;
+  cfg.rc_target_bitrate = bitrate;
+  cfg.g_error_resilient = (aom_codec_er_flags_t)strtoul(argv[7], NULL, 0);
+
+  writer = aom_video_writer_open(outfile_arg, kContainerIVF, &info);
+  if (!writer) die("Failed to open %s for writing.", outfile_arg);
+
+  if (!(infile = fopen(infile_arg, "rb")))
+    die("Failed to open %s for reading.", infile_arg);
+
+  if (aom_codec_enc_init(&codec, encoder, &cfg, 0))
+    die("Failed to initialize encoder");
+
+  if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AOME_SET_CPUUSED, speed))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set cpu-used");
+
+  // Encode frames.
+  while (aom_img_read(&raw, infile)) {
+    int flags = 0;
+    if (keyframe_interval > 0 && frame_count % keyframe_interval == 0)
+      flags |= AOM_EFLAG_FORCE_KF;
+    encode_frame(&codec, &raw, frame_count++, flags, writer);
+    frames_encoded++;
+    if (max_frames > 0 && frames_encoded >= max_frames) break;
+  }
+
+  // Flush encoder.
+  while (encode_frame(&codec, NULL, -1, 0, writer)) continue;
+
+  printf("\n");
+  fclose(infile);
+  printf("Processed %d frames.\n", frame_count);
+
+  aom_img_free(&raw);
+  if (aom_codec_destroy(&codec)) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to destroy codec.");
+
+  aom_video_writer_close(writer);
+
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/third_party/aom/examples/svc_encoder_rtc.cc b/third_party/aom/examples/svc_encoder_rtc.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2c041081e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/aom/examples/svc_encoder_rtc.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,2062 @@
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) 2019, Alliance for Open Media. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ *  Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license
+ *  that can be found in the LICENSE file in the root of the source
+ *  tree. An additional intellectual property rights grant can be found
+ *  in the file PATENTS.  All contributing project authors may
+ *  be found in the AUTHORS file in the root of the source tree.
+ */
+
+//  This is an example demonstrating how to implement a multi-layer AOM
+//  encoding scheme for RTC video applications.
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include <memory>
+
+#include "config/aom_config.h"
+
+#if CONFIG_AV1_DECODER
+#include "aom/aom_decoder.h"
+#endif
+#include "aom/aom_encoder.h"
+#include "aom/aomcx.h"
+#include "common/args.h"
+#include "common/tools_common.h"
+#include "common/video_writer.h"
+#include "examples/encoder_util.h"
+#include "aom_ports/aom_timer.h"
+#include "av1/ratectrl_rtc.h"
+
+#define OPTION_BUFFER_SIZE 1024
+
+typedef struct {
+  const char *output_filename;
+  char options[OPTION_BUFFER_SIZE];
+  struct AvxInputContext input_ctx;
+  int speed;
+  int aq_mode;
+  int layering_mode;
+  int output_obu;
+  int decode;
+  int tune_content;
+  int show_psnr;
+  bool use_external_rc;
+} AppInput;
+
+typedef enum {
+  QUANTIZER = 0,
+  BITRATE,
+  SCALE_FACTOR,
+  AUTO_ALT_REF,
+  ALL_OPTION_TYPES
+} LAYER_OPTION_TYPE;
+
+static const arg_def_t outputfile =
+    ARG_DEF("o", "output", 1, "Output filename");
+static const arg_def_t frames_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("f", "frames", 1, "Number of frames to encode");
+static const arg_def_t threads_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("th", "threads", 1, "Number of threads to use");
+static const arg_def_t width_arg = ARG_DEF("w", "width", 1, "Source width");
+static const arg_def_t height_arg = ARG_DEF("h", "height", 1, "Source height");
+static const arg_def_t timebase_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("t", "timebase", 1, "Timebase (num/den)");
+static const arg_def_t bitrate_arg = ARG_DEF(
+    "b", "target-bitrate", 1, "Encoding bitrate, in kilobits per second");
+static const arg_def_t spatial_layers_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("sl", "spatial-layers", 1, "Number of spatial SVC layers");
+static const arg_def_t temporal_layers_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("tl", "temporal-layers", 1, "Number of temporal SVC layers");
+static const arg_def_t layering_mode_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("lm", "layering-mode", 1, "Temporal layering scheme.");
+static const arg_def_t kf_dist_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("k", "kf-dist", 1, "Number of frames between keyframes");
+static const arg_def_t scale_factors_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("r", "scale-factors", 1, "Scale factors (lowest to highest layer)");
+static const arg_def_t min_q_arg =
+    ARG_DEF(NULL, "min-q", 1, "Minimum quantizer");
+static const arg_def_t max_q_arg =
+    ARG_DEF(NULL, "max-q", 1, "Maximum quantizer");
+static const arg_def_t speed_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("sp", "speed", 1, "Speed configuration");
+static const arg_def_t aqmode_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("aq", "aqmode", 1, "AQ mode off/on");
+static const arg_def_t bitrates_arg =
+    ARG_DEF("bl", "bitrates", 1,
+            "Bitrates[spatial_layer * num_temporal_layer + temporal_layer]");
+static const arg_def_t dropframe_thresh_arg =
+    ARG_DEF(NULL, "drop-frame", 1, "Temporal resampling threshold (buf %)");
+static const arg_def_t error_resilient_arg =
+    ARG_DEF(NULL, "error-resilient", 1, "Error resilient flag");
+static const arg_def_t output_obu_arg =
+    ARG_DEF(NULL, "output-obu", 1,
+            "Write OBUs when set to 1. Otherwise write IVF files.");
+static const arg_def_t test_decode_arg =
+    ARG_DEF(NULL, "test-decode", 1,
+            "Attempt to test decoding the output when set to 1. Default is 1.");
+static const arg_def_t psnr_arg =
+    ARG_DEF(NULL, "psnr", -1, "Show PSNR in status line.");
+static const arg_def_t ext_rc_arg =
+    ARG_DEF(NULL, "use-ext-rc", 0, "Use external rate control.");
+static const struct arg_enum_list tune_content_enum[] = {
+  { "default", AOM_CONTENT_DEFAULT },
+  { "screen", AOM_CONTENT_SCREEN },
+  { "film", AOM_CONTENT_FILM },
+  { NULL, 0 }
+};
+static const arg_def_t tune_content_arg = ARG_DEF_ENUM(
+    NULL, "tune-content", 1, "Tune content type", tune_content_enum);
+
+#if CONFIG_AV1_HIGHBITDEPTH
+static const struct arg_enum_list bitdepth_enum[] = { { "8", AOM_BITS_8 },
+                                                      { "10", AOM_BITS_10 },
+                                                      { NULL, 0 } };
+
+static const arg_def_t bitdepth_arg = ARG_DEF_ENUM(
+    "d", "bit-depth", 1, "Bit depth for codec 8 or 10. ", bitdepth_enum);
+#endif  // CONFIG_AV1_HIGHBITDEPTH
+
+static const arg_def_t *svc_args[] = {
+  &frames_arg,          &outputfile,     &width_arg,
+  &height_arg,          &timebase_arg,   &bitrate_arg,
+  &spatial_layers_arg,  &kf_dist_arg,    &scale_factors_arg,
+  &min_q_arg,           &max_q_arg,      &temporal_layers_arg,
+  &layering_mode_arg,   &threads_arg,    &aqmode_arg,
+#if CONFIG_AV1_HIGHBITDEPTH
+  &bitdepth_arg,
+#endif
+  &speed_arg,           &bitrates_arg,   &dropframe_thresh_arg,
+  &error_resilient_arg, &output_obu_arg, &test_decode_arg,
+  &tune_content_arg,    &psnr_arg,       NULL,
+};
+
+#define zero(Dest) memset(&(Dest), 0, sizeof(Dest))
+
+static const char *exec_name;
+
+void usage_exit(void) {
+  fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <options> input_filename -o output_filename\n",
+          exec_name);
+  fprintf(stderr, "Options:\n");
+  arg_show_usage(stderr, svc_args);
+  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+static int file_is_y4m(const char detect[4]) {
+  return memcmp(detect, "YUV4", 4) == 0;
+}
+
+static int fourcc_is_ivf(const char detect[4]) {
+  if (memcmp(detect, "DKIF", 4) == 0) {
+    return 1;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static const int option_max_values[ALL_OPTION_TYPES] = { 63, INT_MAX, INT_MAX,
+                                                         1 };
+
+static const int option_min_values[ALL_OPTION_TYPES] = { 0, 0, 1, 0 };
+
+static void open_input_file(struct AvxInputContext *input,
+                            aom_chroma_sample_position_t csp) {
+  /* Parse certain options from the input file, if possible */
+  input->file = strcmp(input->filename, "-") ? fopen(input->filename, "rb")
+                                             : set_binary_mode(stdin);
+
+  if (!input->file) fatal("Failed to open input file");
+
+  if (!fseeko(input->file, 0, SEEK_END)) {
+    /* Input file is seekable. Figure out how long it is, so we can get
+     * progress info.
+     */
+    input->length = ftello(input->file);
+    rewind(input->file);
+  }
+
+  /* Default to 1:1 pixel aspect ratio. */
+  input->pixel_aspect_ratio.numerator = 1;
+  input->pixel_aspect_ratio.denominator = 1;
+
+  /* For RAW input sources, these bytes will applied on the first frame
+   *  in read_frame().
+   */
+  input->detect.buf_read = fread(input->detect.buf, 1, 4, input->file);
+  input->detect.position = 0;
+
+  if (input->detect.buf_read == 4 && file_is_y4m(input->detect.buf)) {
+    if (y4m_input_open(&input->y4m, input->file, input->detect.buf, 4, csp,
+                       input->only_i420) >= 0) {
+      input->file_type = FILE_TYPE_Y4M;
+      input->width = input->y4m.pic_w;
+      input->height = input->y4m.pic_h;
+      input->pixel_aspect_ratio.numerator = input->y4m.par_n;
+      input->pixel_aspect_ratio.denominator = input->y4m.par_d;
+      input->framerate.numerator = input->y4m.fps_n;
+      input->framerate.denominator = input->y4m.fps_d;
+      input->fmt = input->y4m.aom_fmt;
+      input->bit_depth = static_cast<aom_bit_depth_t>(input->y4m.bit_depth);
+    } else {
+      fatal("Unsupported Y4M stream.");
+    }
+  } else if (input->detect.buf_read == 4 && fourcc_is_ivf(input->detect.buf)) {
+    fatal("IVF is not supported as input.");
+  } else {
+    input->file_type = FILE_TYPE_RAW;
+  }
+}
+
+static aom_codec_err_t extract_option(LAYER_OPTION_TYPE type, char *input,
+                                      int *value0, int *value1) {
+  if (type == SCALE_FACTOR) {
+    *value0 = (int)strtol(input, &input, 10);
+    if (*input++ != '/') return AOM_CODEC_INVALID_PARAM;
+    *value1 = (int)strtol(input, &input, 10);
+
+    if (*value0 < option_min_values[SCALE_FACTOR] ||
+        *value1 < option_min_values[SCALE_FACTOR] ||
+        *value0 > option_max_values[SCALE_FACTOR] ||
+        *value1 > option_max_values[SCALE_FACTOR] ||
+        *value0 > *value1)  // num shouldn't be greater than den
+      return AOM_CODEC_INVALID_PARAM;
+  } else {
+    *value0 = atoi(input);
+    if (*value0 < option_min_values[type] || *value0 > option_max_values[type])
+      return AOM_CODEC_INVALID_PARAM;
+  }
+  return AOM_CODEC_OK;
+}
+
+static aom_codec_err_t parse_layer_options_from_string(
+    aom_svc_params_t *svc_params, LAYER_OPTION_TYPE type, const char *input,
+    int *option0, int *option1) {
+  aom_codec_err_t res = AOM_CODEC_OK;
+  char *input_string;
+  char *token;
+  const char *delim = ",";
+  int num_layers = svc_params->number_spatial_layers;
+  int i = 0;
+
+  if (type == BITRATE)
+    num_layers =
+        svc_params->number_spatial_layers * svc_params->number_temporal_layers;
+
+  if (input == NULL || option0 == NULL ||
+      (option1 == NULL && type == SCALE_FACTOR))
+    return AOM_CODEC_INVALID_PARAM;
+
+  const size_t input_length = strlen(input);
+  input_string = reinterpret_cast<char *>(malloc(input_length + 1));
+  if (input_string == NULL) return AOM_CODEC_MEM_ERROR;
+  memcpy(input_string, input, input_length + 1);
+  token = strtok(input_string, delim);  // NOLINT
+  for (i = 0; i < num_layers; ++i) {
+    if (token != NULL) {
+      res = extract_option(type, token, option0 + i, option1 + i);
+      if (res != AOM_CODEC_OK) break;
+      token = strtok(NULL, delim);  // NOLINT
+    } else {
+      res = AOM_CODEC_INVALID_PARAM;
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  free(input_string);
+  return res;
+}
+
+static void parse_command_line(int argc, const char **argv_,
+                               AppInput *app_input,
+                               aom_svc_params_t *svc_params,
+                               aom_codec_enc_cfg_t *enc_cfg) {
+  struct arg arg;
+  char **argv = NULL;
+  char **argi = NULL;
+  char **argj = NULL;
+  char string_options[1024] = { 0 };
+
+  // Default settings
+  svc_params->number_spatial_layers = 1;
+  svc_params->number_temporal_layers = 1;
+  app_input->layering_mode = 0;
+  app_input->output_obu = 0;
+  app_input->decode = 1;
+  enc_cfg->g_threads = 1;
+  enc_cfg->rc_end_usage = AOM_CBR;
+
+  // process command line options
+  argv = argv_dup(argc - 1, argv_ + 1);
+  if (!argv) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Error allocating argument list\n");
+    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+  }
+  for (argi = argj = argv; (*argj = *argi); argi += arg.argv_step) {
+    arg.argv_step = 1;
+
+    if (arg_match(&arg, &outputfile, argi)) {
+      app_input->output_filename = arg.val;
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &width_arg, argi)) {
+      enc_cfg->g_w = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &height_arg, argi)) {
+      enc_cfg->g_h = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &timebase_arg, argi)) {
+      enc_cfg->g_timebase = arg_parse_rational(&arg);
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &bitrate_arg, argi)) {
+      enc_cfg->rc_target_bitrate = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &spatial_layers_arg, argi)) {
+      svc_params->number_spatial_layers = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &temporal_layers_arg, argi)) {
+      svc_params->number_temporal_layers = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &speed_arg, argi)) {
+      app_input->speed = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
+      if (app_input->speed > 11) {
+        aom_tools_warn("Mapping speed %d to speed 11.\n", app_input->speed);
+      }
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &aqmode_arg, argi)) {
+      app_input->aq_mode = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &threads_arg, argi)) {
+      enc_cfg->g_threads = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &layering_mode_arg, argi)) {
+      app_input->layering_mode = arg_parse_int(&arg);
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &kf_dist_arg, argi)) {
+      enc_cfg->kf_min_dist = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
+      enc_cfg->kf_max_dist = enc_cfg->kf_min_dist;
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &scale_factors_arg, argi)) {
+      aom_codec_err_t res = parse_layer_options_from_string(
+          svc_params, SCALE_FACTOR, arg.val, svc_params->scaling_factor_num,
+          svc_params->scaling_factor_den);
+      if (res != AOM_CODEC_OK) {
+        die("Failed to parse scale factors: %s\n",
+            aom_codec_err_to_string(res));
+      }
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &min_q_arg, argi)) {
+      enc_cfg->rc_min_quantizer = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &max_q_arg, argi)) {
+      enc_cfg->rc_max_quantizer = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
+#if CONFIG_AV1_HIGHBITDEPTH
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &bitdepth_arg, argi)) {
+      enc_cfg->g_bit_depth =
+          static_cast<aom_bit_depth_t>(arg_parse_enum_or_int(&arg));
+      switch (enc_cfg->g_bit_depth) {
+        case AOM_BITS_8:
+          enc_cfg->g_input_bit_depth = 8;
+          enc_cfg->g_profile = 0;
+          break;
+        case AOM_BITS_10:
+          enc_cfg->g_input_bit_depth = 10;
+          enc_cfg->g_profile = 0;
+          break;
+        default:
+          die("Error: Invalid bit depth selected (%d)\n", enc_cfg->g_bit_depth);
+      }
+#endif  // CONFIG_VP9_HIGHBITDEPTH
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &dropframe_thresh_arg, argi)) {
+      enc_cfg->rc_dropframe_thresh = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &error_resilient_arg, argi)) {
+      enc_cfg->g_error_resilient = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
+      if (enc_cfg->g_error_resilient != 0 && enc_cfg->g_error_resilient != 1)
+        die("Invalid value for error resilient (0, 1): %d.",
+            enc_cfg->g_error_resilient);
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &output_obu_arg, argi)) {
+      app_input->output_obu = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
+      if (app_input->output_obu != 0 && app_input->output_obu != 1)
+        die("Invalid value for obu output flag (0, 1): %d.",
+            app_input->output_obu);
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &test_decode_arg, argi)) {
+      app_input->decode = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
+      if (app_input->decode != 0 && app_input->decode != 1)
+        die("Invalid value for test decode flag (0, 1): %d.",
+            app_input->decode);
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &tune_content_arg, argi)) {
+      app_input->tune_content = arg_parse_enum_or_int(&arg);
+      printf("tune content %d\n", app_input->tune_content);
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &psnr_arg, argi)) {
+      app_input->show_psnr = 1;
+    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &ext_rc_arg, argi)) {
+      app_input->use_external_rc = true;
+    } else {
+      ++argj;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Total bitrate needs to be parsed after the number of layers.
+  for (argi = argj = argv; (*argj = *argi); argi += arg.argv_step) {
+    arg.argv_step = 1;
+    if (arg_match(&arg, &bitrates_arg, argi)) {
+      aom_codec_err_t res = parse_layer_options_from_string(
+          svc_params, BITRATE, arg.val, svc_params->layer_target_bitrate, NULL);
+      if (res != AOM_CODEC_OK) {
+        die("Failed to parse bitrates: %s\n", aom_codec_err_to_string(res));
+      }
+    } else {
+      ++argj;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // There will be a space in front of the string options
+  if (strlen(string_options) > 0)
+    strncpy(app_input->options, string_options, OPTION_BUFFER_SIZE);
+
+  // Check for unrecognized options
+  for (argi = argv; *argi; ++argi)
+    if (argi[0][0] == '-' && strlen(argi[0]) > 1)
+      die("Error: Unrecognized option %s\n", *argi);
+
+  if (argv[0] == NULL) {
+    usage_exit();
+  }
+
+  app_input->input_ctx.filename = argv[0];
+  free(argv);
+
+  open_input_file(&app_input->input_ctx, AOM_CSP_UNKNOWN);
+  if (app_input->input_ctx.file_type == FILE_TYPE_Y4M) {
+    enc_cfg->g_w = app_input->input_ctx.width;
+    enc_cfg->g_h = app_input->input_ctx.height;
+  }
+
+  if (enc_cfg->g_w < 16 || enc_cfg->g_w % 2 || enc_cfg->g_h < 16 ||
+      enc_cfg->g_h % 2)
+    die("Invalid resolution: %d x %d\n", enc_cfg->g_w, enc_cfg->g_h);
+
+  printf(
+      "Codec %s\n"
+      "layers: %d\n"
+      "width %u, height: %u\n"
+      "num: %d, den: %d, bitrate: %u\n"
+      "gop size: %u\n",
+      aom_codec_iface_name(aom_codec_av1_cx()),
+      svc_params->number_spatial_layers, enc_cfg->g_w, enc_cfg->g_h,
+      enc_cfg->g_timebase.num, enc_cfg->g_timebase.den,
+      enc_cfg->rc_target_bitrate, enc_cfg->kf_max_dist);
+}
+
+static int mode_to_num_temporal_layers[12] = {
+  1, 2, 3, 3, 2, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,
+};
+static int mode_to_num_spatial_layers[12] = {
+  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3,
+};
+
+// For rate control encoding stats.
+struct RateControlMetrics {
+  // Number of input frames per layer.
+  int layer_input_frames[AOM_MAX_TS_LAYERS];
+  // Number of encoded non-key frames per layer.
+  int layer_enc_frames[AOM_MAX_TS_LAYERS];
+  // Framerate per layer layer (cumulative).
+  double layer_framerate[AOM_MAX_TS_LAYERS];
+  // Target average frame size per layer (per-frame-bandwidth per layer).
+  double layer_pfb[AOM_MAX_LAYERS];
+  // Actual average frame size per layer.
+  double layer_avg_frame_size[AOM_MAX_LAYERS];
+  // Average rate mismatch per layer (|target - actual| / target).
+  double layer_avg_rate_mismatch[AOM_MAX_LAYERS];
+  // Actual encoding bitrate per layer (cumulative across temporal layers).
+  double layer_encoding_bitrate[AOM_MAX_LAYERS];
+  // Average of the short-time encoder actual bitrate.
+  // TODO(marpan): Should we add these short-time stats for each layer?
+  double avg_st_encoding_bitrate;
+  // Variance of the short-time encoder actual bitrate.
+  double variance_st_encoding_bitrate;
+  // Window (number of frames) for computing short-timee encoding bitrate.
+  int window_size;
+  // Number of window measurements.
+  int window_count;
+  int layer_target_bitrate[AOM_MAX_LAYERS];
+};
+
+static const int REF_FRAMES = 8;
+
+static const int INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME = 7;
+
+// Reference frames used in this example encoder.
+enum {
+  SVC_LAST_FRAME = 0,
+  SVC_LAST2_FRAME,
+  SVC_LAST3_FRAME,
+  SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME,
+  SVC_BWDREF_FRAME,
+  SVC_ALTREF2_FRAME,
+  SVC_ALTREF_FRAME
+};
+
+static int read_frame(struct AvxInputContext *input_ctx, aom_image_t *img) {
+  FILE *f = input_ctx->file;
+  y4m_input *y4m = &input_ctx->y4m;
+  int shortread = 0;
+
+  if (input_ctx->file_type == FILE_TYPE_Y4M) {
+    if (y4m_input_fetch_frame(y4m, f, img) < 1) return 0;
+  } else {
+    shortread = read_yuv_frame(input_ctx, img);
+  }
+
+  return !shortread;
+}
+
+static void close_input_file(struct AvxInputContext *input) {
+  fclose(input->file);
+  if (input->file_type == FILE_TYPE_Y4M) y4m_input_close(&input->y4m);
+}
+
+// Note: these rate control metrics assume only 1 key frame in the
+// sequence (i.e., first frame only). So for temporal pattern# 7
+// (which has key frame for every frame on base layer), the metrics
+// computation will be off/wrong.
+// TODO(marpan): Update these metrics to account for multiple key frames
+// in the stream.
+static void set_rate_control_metrics(struct RateControlMetrics *rc,
+                                     double framerate, int ss_number_layers,
+                                     int ts_number_layers) {
+  int ts_rate_decimator[AOM_MAX_TS_LAYERS] = { 1 };
+  ts_rate_decimator[0] = 1;
+  if (ts_number_layers == 2) {
+    ts_rate_decimator[0] = 2;
+    ts_rate_decimator[1] = 1;
+  }
+  if (ts_number_layers == 3) {
+    ts_rate_decimator[0] = 4;
+    ts_rate_decimator[1] = 2;
+    ts_rate_decimator[2] = 1;
+  }
+  // Set the layer (cumulative) framerate and the target layer (non-cumulative)
+  // per-frame-bandwidth, for the rate control encoding stats below.
+  for (int sl = 0; sl < ss_number_layers; ++sl) {
+    int i = sl * ts_number_layers;
+    rc->layer_framerate[0] = framerate / ts_rate_decimator[0];
+    rc->layer_pfb[i] =
+        1000.0 * rc->layer_target_bitrate[i] / rc->layer_framerate[0];
+    for (int tl = 0; tl < ts_number_layers; ++tl) {
+      i = sl * ts_number_layers + tl;
+      if (tl > 0) {
+        rc->layer_framerate[tl] = framerate / ts_rate_decimator[tl];
+        rc->layer_pfb[i] =
+            1000.0 *
+            (rc->layer_target_bitrate[i] - rc->layer_target_bitrate[i - 1]) /
+            (rc->layer_framerate[tl] - rc->layer_framerate[tl - 1]);
+      }
+      rc->layer_input_frames[tl] = 0;
+      rc->layer_enc_frames[tl] = 0;
+      rc->layer_encoding_bitrate[i] = 0.0;
+      rc->layer_avg_frame_size[i] = 0.0;
+      rc->layer_avg_rate_mismatch[i] = 0.0;
+    }
+  }
+  rc->window_count = 0;
+  rc->window_size = 15;
+  rc->avg_st_encoding_bitrate = 0.0;
+  rc->variance_st_encoding_bitrate = 0.0;
+}
+
+static void printout_rate_control_summary(struct RateControlMetrics *rc,
+                                          int frame_cnt, int ss_number_layers,
+                                          int ts_number_layers) {
+  int tot_num_frames = 0;
+  double perc_fluctuation = 0.0;
+  printf("Total number of processed frames: %d\n\n", frame_cnt - 1);
+  printf("Rate control layer stats for %d layer(s):\n\n", ts_number_layers);
+  for (int sl = 0; sl < ss_number_layers; ++sl) {
+    tot_num_frames = 0;
+    for (int tl = 0; tl < ts_number_layers; ++tl) {
+      int i = sl * ts_number_layers + tl;
+      const int num_dropped =
+          tl > 0 ? rc->layer_input_frames[tl] - rc->layer_enc_frames[tl]
+                 : rc->layer_input_frames[tl] - rc->layer_enc_frames[tl] - 1;
+      tot_num_frames += rc->layer_input_frames[tl];
+      rc->layer_encoding_bitrate[i] = 0.001 * rc->layer_framerate[tl] *
+                                      rc->layer_encoding_bitrate[i] /
+                                      tot_num_frames;
+      rc->layer_avg_frame_size[i] =
+          rc->layer_avg_frame_size[i] / rc->layer_enc_frames[tl];
+      rc->layer_avg_rate_mismatch[i] =
+          100.0 * rc->layer_avg_rate_mismatch[i] / rc->layer_enc_frames[tl];
+      printf("For layer#: %d %d \n", sl, tl);
+      printf("Bitrate (target vs actual): %d %f\n", rc->layer_target_bitrate[i],
+             rc->layer_encoding_bitrate[i]);
+      printf("Average frame size (target vs actual): %f %f\n", rc->layer_pfb[i],
+             rc->layer_avg_frame_size[i]);
+      printf("Average rate_mismatch: %f\n", rc->layer_avg_rate_mismatch[i]);
+      printf(
+          "Number of input frames, encoded (non-key) frames, "
+          "and perc dropped frames: %d %d %f\n",
+          rc->layer_input_frames[tl], rc->layer_enc_frames[tl],
+          100.0 * num_dropped / rc->layer_input_frames[tl]);
+      printf("\n");
+    }
+  }
+  rc->avg_st_encoding_bitrate = rc->avg_st_encoding_bitrate / rc->window_count;
+  rc->variance_st_encoding_bitrate =
+      rc->variance_st_encoding_bitrate / rc->window_count -
+      (rc->avg_st_encoding_bitrate * rc->avg_st_encoding_bitrate);
+  perc_fluctuation = 100.0 * sqrt(rc->variance_st_encoding_bitrate) /
+                     rc->avg_st_encoding_bitrate;
+  printf("Short-time stats, for window of %d frames:\n", rc->window_size);
+  printf("Average, rms-variance, and percent-fluct: %f %f %f\n",
+         rc->avg_st_encoding_bitrate, sqrt(rc->variance_st_encoding_bitrate),
+         perc_fluctuation);
+  if (frame_cnt - 1 != tot_num_frames)
+    die("Error: Number of input frames not equal to output!\n");
+}
+
+// Layer pattern configuration.
+static void set_layer_pattern(
+    int layering_mode, int superframe_cnt, aom_svc_layer_id_t *layer_id,
+    aom_svc_ref_frame_config_t *ref_frame_config,
+    aom_svc_ref_frame_comp_pred_t *ref_frame_comp_pred, int *use_svc_control,
+    int spatial_layer_id, int is_key_frame, int ksvc_mode, int speed) {
+  // Setting this flag to 1 enables simplex example of
+  // RPS (Reference Picture Selection) for 1 layer.
+  int use_rps_example = 0;
+  int i;
+  int enable_longterm_temporal_ref = 1;
+  int shift = (layering_mode == 8) ? 2 : 0;
+  int simulcast_mode = (layering_mode == 11);
+  *use_svc_control = 1;
+  layer_id->spatial_layer_id = spatial_layer_id;
+  int lag_index = 0;
+  int base_count = superframe_cnt >> 2;
+  ref_frame_comp_pred->use_comp_pred[0] = 0;  // GOLDEN_LAST
+  ref_frame_comp_pred->use_comp_pred[1] = 0;  // LAST2_LAST
+  ref_frame_comp_pred->use_comp_pred[2] = 0;  // ALTREF_LAST
+  // Set the reference map buffer idx for the 7 references:
+  // LAST_FRAME (0), LAST2_FRAME(1), LAST3_FRAME(2), GOLDEN_FRAME(3),
+  // BWDREF_FRAME(4), ALTREF2_FRAME(5), ALTREF_FRAME(6).
+  for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++) ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = i;
+  for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++) ref_frame_config->reference[i] = 0;
+  for (i = 0; i < REF_FRAMES; i++) ref_frame_config->refresh[i] = 0;
+
+  if (ksvc_mode) {
+    // Same pattern as case 9, but the reference strucutre will be constrained
+    // below.
+    layering_mode = 9;
+  }
+  switch (layering_mode) {
+    case 0:
+      if (use_rps_example == 0) {
+        // 1-layer: update LAST on every frame, reference LAST.
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 0;
+        layer_id->spatial_layer_id = 0;
+        ref_frame_config->refresh[0] = 1;
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+      } else {
+        // Pattern of 2 references (ALTREF and GOLDEN) trailing
+        // LAST by 4 and 8 frames, with some switching logic to
+        // sometimes only predict from the longer-term reference
+        //(golden here). This is simple example to test RPS
+        // (reference picture selection).
+        int last_idx = 0;
+        int last_idx_refresh = 0;
+        int gld_idx = 0;
+        int alt_ref_idx = 0;
+        int lag_alt = 4;
+        int lag_gld = 8;
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 0;
+        layer_id->spatial_layer_id = 0;
+        int sh = 8;  // slots 0 - 7.
+        // Moving index slot for last: 0 - (sh - 1)
+        if (superframe_cnt > 1) last_idx = (superframe_cnt - 1) % sh;
+        // Moving index for refresh of last: one ahead for next frame.
+        last_idx_refresh = superframe_cnt % sh;
+        // Moving index for gld_ref, lag behind current by lag_gld
+        if (superframe_cnt > lag_gld) gld_idx = (superframe_cnt - lag_gld) % sh;
+        // Moving index for alt_ref, lag behind LAST by lag_alt frames.
+        if (superframe_cnt > lag_alt)
+          alt_ref_idx = (superframe_cnt - lag_alt) % sh;
+        // Set the ref_idx.
+        // Default all references to slot for last.
+        for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = last_idx;
+        // Set the ref_idx for the relevant references.
+        ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = last_idx;
+        ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST2_FRAME] = last_idx_refresh;
+        ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = gld_idx;
+        ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_ALTREF_FRAME] = alt_ref_idx;
+        // Refresh this slot, which will become LAST on next frame.
+        ref_frame_config->refresh[last_idx_refresh] = 1;
+        // Reference LAST, ALTREF, and GOLDEN
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_ALTREF_FRAME] = 1;
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 1;
+        // Switch to only GOLDEN every 300 frames.
+        if (superframe_cnt % 200 == 0 && superframe_cnt > 0) {
+          ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 0;
+          ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_ALTREF_FRAME] = 0;
+          ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 1;
+          // Test if the long-term is LAST instead, this is just a renaming
+          // but its tests if encoder behaves the same, whether its
+          // LAST or GOLDEN.
+          if (superframe_cnt % 400 == 0 && superframe_cnt > 0) {
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = gld_idx;
+            ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+            ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_ALTREF_FRAME] = 0;
+            ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 0;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      break;
+    case 1:
+      // 2-temporal layer.
+      //    1    3    5
+      //  0    2    4
+      // Keep golden fixed at slot 3.
+      base_count = superframe_cnt >> 1;
+      ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 3;
+      // Cyclically refresh slots 5, 6, 7, for lag alt ref.
+      lag_index = 5;
+      if (base_count > 0) {
+        lag_index = 5 + (base_count % 3);
+        if (superframe_cnt % 2 != 0) lag_index = 5 + ((base_count + 1) % 3);
+      }
+      // Set the altref slot to lag_index.
+      ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_ALTREF_FRAME] = lag_index;
+      if (superframe_cnt % 2 == 0) {
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 0;
+        // Update LAST on layer 0, reference LAST.
+        ref_frame_config->refresh[0] = 1;
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+        // Refresh lag_index slot, needed for lagging golen.
+        ref_frame_config->refresh[lag_index] = 1;
+        // Refresh GOLDEN every x base layer frames.
+        if (base_count % 32 == 0) ref_frame_config->refresh[3] = 1;
+      } else {
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 1;
+        // No updates on layer 1, reference LAST (TL0).
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+      }
+      // Always reference golden and altref on TL0.
+      if (layer_id->temporal_layer_id == 0) {
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 1;
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_ALTREF_FRAME] = 1;
+      }
+      break;
+    case 2:
+      // 3-temporal layer:
+      //   1    3   5    7
+      //     2        6
+      // 0        4        8
+      if (superframe_cnt % 4 == 0) {
+        // Base layer.
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 0;
+        // Update LAST on layer 0, reference LAST.
+        ref_frame_config->refresh[0] = 1;
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+      } else if ((superframe_cnt - 1) % 4 == 0) {
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 2;
+        // First top layer: no updates, only reference LAST (TL0).
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+      } else if ((superframe_cnt - 2) % 4 == 0) {
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 1;
+        // Middle layer (TL1): update LAST2, only reference LAST (TL0).
+        ref_frame_config->refresh[1] = 1;
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+      } else if ((superframe_cnt - 3) % 4 == 0) {
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 2;
+        // Second top layer: no updates, only reference LAST.
+        // Set buffer idx for LAST to slot 1, since that was the slot
+        // updated in previous frame. So LAST is TL1 frame.
+        ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+        ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST2_FRAME] = 0;
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+      }
+      break;
+    case 3:
+      // 3 TL, same as above, except allow for predicting
+      // off 2 more references (GOLDEN and ALTREF), with
+      // GOLDEN updated periodically, and ALTREF lagging from
+      // LAST from ~4 frames. Both GOLDEN and ALTREF
+      // can only be updated on base temporal layer.
+
+      // Keep golden fixed at slot 3.
+      ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 3;
+      // Cyclically refresh slots 5, 6, 7, for lag altref.
+      lag_index = 5;
+      if (base_count > 0) {
+        lag_index = 5 + (base_count % 3);
+        if (superframe_cnt % 4 != 0) lag_index = 5 + ((base_count + 1) % 3);
+      }
+      // Set the altref slot to lag_index.
+      ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_ALTREF_FRAME] = lag_index;
+      if (superframe_cnt % 4 == 0) {
+        // Base layer.
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 0;
+        // Update LAST on layer 0, reference LAST.
+        ref_frame_config->refresh[0] = 1;
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+        // Refresh GOLDEN every x ~10 base layer frames.
+        if (base_count % 10 == 0) ref_frame_config->refresh[3] = 1;
+        // Refresh lag_index slot, needed for lagging altref.
+        ref_frame_config->refresh[lag_index] = 1;
+      } else if ((superframe_cnt - 1) % 4 == 0) {
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 2;
+        // First top layer: no updates, only reference LAST (TL0).
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+      } else if ((superframe_cnt - 2) % 4 == 0) {
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 1;
+        // Middle layer (TL1): update LAST2, only reference LAST (TL0).
+        ref_frame_config->refresh[1] = 1;
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+      } else if ((superframe_cnt - 3) % 4 == 0) {
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 2;
+        // Second top layer: no updates, only reference LAST.
+        // Set buffer idx for LAST to slot 1, since that was the slot
+        // updated in previous frame. So LAST is TL1 frame.
+        ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+        ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST2_FRAME] = 0;
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+      }
+      // Every frame can reference GOLDEN AND ALTREF.
+      ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 1;
+      ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_ALTREF_FRAME] = 1;
+      // Allow for compound prediction for LAST-ALTREF and LAST-GOLDEN.
+      if (speed >= 7) {
+        ref_frame_comp_pred->use_comp_pred[2] = 1;
+        ref_frame_comp_pred->use_comp_pred[0] = 1;
+      }
+      break;
+    case 4:
+      // 3-temporal layer: but middle layer updates GF, so 2nd TL2 will
+      // only reference GF (not LAST). Other frames only reference LAST.
+      //   1    3   5    7
+      //     2        6
+      // 0        4        8
+      if (superframe_cnt % 4 == 0) {
+        // Base layer.
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 0;
+        // Update LAST on layer 0, only reference LAST.
+        ref_frame_config->refresh[0] = 1;
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+      } else if ((superframe_cnt - 1) % 4 == 0) {
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 2;
+        // First top layer: no updates, only reference LAST (TL0).
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+      } else if ((superframe_cnt - 2) % 4 == 0) {
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 1;
+        // Middle layer (TL1): update GF, only reference LAST (TL0).
+        ref_frame_config->refresh[3] = 1;
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+      } else if ((superframe_cnt - 3) % 4 == 0) {
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 2;
+        // Second top layer: no updates, only reference GF.
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 1;
+      }
+      break;
+    case 5:
+      // 2 spatial layers, 1 temporal.
+      layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 0;
+      if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 0) {
+        // Reference LAST, update LAST.
+        ref_frame_config->refresh[0] = 1;
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+      } else if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 1) {
+        // Reference LAST and GOLDEN. Set buffer_idx for LAST to slot 1
+        // and GOLDEN to slot 0. Update slot 1 (LAST).
+        ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+        ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 0;
+        ref_frame_config->refresh[1] = 1;
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 1;
+      }
+      break;
+    case 6:
+      // 3 spatial layers, 1 temporal.
+      // Note for this case, we set the buffer idx for all references to be
+      // either LAST or GOLDEN, which are always valid references, since decoder
+      // will check if any of the 7 references is valid scale in
+      // valid_ref_frame_size().
+      layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 0;
+      if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 0) {
+        // Reference LAST, update LAST. Set all buffer_idx to 0.
+        for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 0;
+        ref_frame_config->refresh[0] = 1;
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+      } else if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 1) {
+        // Reference LAST and GOLDEN. Set buffer_idx for LAST to slot 1
+        // and GOLDEN (and all other refs) to slot 0.
+        // Update slot 1 (LAST).
+        for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 0;
+        ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+        ref_frame_config->refresh[1] = 1;
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 1;
+      } else if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 2) {
+        // Reference LAST and GOLDEN. Set buffer_idx for LAST to slot 2
+        // and GOLDEN (and all other refs) to slot 1.
+        // Update slot 2 (LAST).
+        for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 1;
+        ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 2;
+        ref_frame_config->refresh[2] = 1;
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 1;
+        // For 3 spatial layer case: allow for top spatial layer to use
+        // additional temporal reference. Update every 10 frames.
+        if (enable_longterm_temporal_ref) {
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_ALTREF_FRAME] = REF_FRAMES - 1;
+          ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_ALTREF_FRAME] = 1;
+          if (base_count % 10 == 0)
+            ref_frame_config->refresh[REF_FRAMES - 1] = 1;
+        }
+      }
+      break;
+    case 7:
+      // 2 spatial and 3 temporal layer.
+      ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+      if (superframe_cnt % 4 == 0) {
+        // Base temporal layer
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 0;
+        if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 0) {
+          // Reference LAST, update LAST
+          // Set all buffer_idx to 0
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 0;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[0] = 1;
+        } else if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 1) {
+          // Reference LAST and GOLDEN.
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 0;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[1] = 1;
+        }
+      } else if ((superframe_cnt - 1) % 4 == 0) {
+        // First top temporal enhancement layer.
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 2;
+        if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 0) {
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 0;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 3;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[3] = 1;
+        } else if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 1) {
+          // Reference LAST and GOLDEN. Set buffer_idx for LAST to slot 1,
+          // GOLDEN (and all other refs) to slot 3.
+          // No update.
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 3;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+        }
+      } else if ((superframe_cnt - 2) % 4 == 0) {
+        // Middle temporal enhancement layer.
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 1;
+        if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 0) {
+          // Reference LAST.
+          // Set all buffer_idx to 0.
+          // Set GOLDEN to slot 5 and update slot 5.
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 0;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 5 - shift;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[5 - shift] = 1;
+        } else if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 1) {
+          // Reference LAST and GOLDEN. Set buffer_idx for LAST to slot 1,
+          // GOLDEN (and all other refs) to slot 5.
+          // Set LAST3 to slot 6 and update slot 6.
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 5 - shift;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST3_FRAME] = 6 - shift;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[6 - shift] = 1;
+        }
+      } else if ((superframe_cnt - 3) % 4 == 0) {
+        // Second top temporal enhancement layer.
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 2;
+        if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 0) {
+          // Set LAST to slot 5 and reference LAST.
+          // Set GOLDEN to slot 3 and update slot 3.
+          // Set all other buffer_idx to 0.
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 0;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 5 - shift;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 3;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[3] = 1;
+        } else if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 1) {
+          // Reference LAST and GOLDEN. Set buffer_idx for LAST to slot 6,
+          // GOLDEN to slot 3. No update.
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 0;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 6 - shift;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 3;
+        }
+      }
+      break;
+    case 8:
+      // 3 spatial and 3 temporal layer.
+      // Same as case 9 but overalap in the buffer slot updates.
+      // (shift = 2). The slots 3 and 4 updated by first TL2 are
+      // reused for update in TL1 superframe.
+      // Note for this case, frame order hint must be disabled for
+      // lower resolutios (operating points > 0) to be decoedable.
+    case 9:
+      // 3 spatial and 3 temporal layer.
+      // No overlap in buffer updates between TL2 and TL1.
+      // TL2 updates slot 3 and 4, TL1 updates 5, 6, 7.
+      // Set the references via the svc_ref_frame_config control.
+      // Always reference LAST.
+      ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+      if (superframe_cnt % 4 == 0) {
+        // Base temporal layer.
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 0;
+        if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 0) {
+          // Reference LAST, update LAST.
+          // Set all buffer_idx to 0.
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 0;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[0] = 1;
+        } else if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 1) {
+          // Reference LAST and GOLDEN. Set buffer_idx for LAST to slot 1,
+          // GOLDEN (and all other refs) to slot 0.
+          // Update slot 1 (LAST).
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 0;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[1] = 1;
+        } else if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 2) {
+          // Reference LAST and GOLDEN. Set buffer_idx for LAST to slot 2,
+          // GOLDEN (and all other refs) to slot 1.
+          // Update slot 2 (LAST).
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 1;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 2;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[2] = 1;
+        }
+      } else if ((superframe_cnt - 1) % 4 == 0) {
+        // First top temporal enhancement layer.
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 2;
+        if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 0) {
+          // Reference LAST (slot 0).
+          // Set GOLDEN to slot 3 and update slot 3.
+          // Set all other buffer_idx to slot 0.
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 0;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 3;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[3] = 1;
+        } else if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 1) {
+          // Reference LAST and GOLDEN. Set buffer_idx for LAST to slot 1,
+          // GOLDEN (and all other refs) to slot 3.
+          // Set LAST2 to slot 4 and Update slot 4.
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 3;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST2_FRAME] = 4;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[4] = 1;
+        } else if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 2) {
+          // Reference LAST and GOLDEN. Set buffer_idx for LAST to slot 2,
+          // GOLDEN (and all other refs) to slot 4.
+          // No update.
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 4;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 2;
+        }
+      } else if ((superframe_cnt - 2) % 4 == 0) {
+        // Middle temporal enhancement layer.
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 1;
+        if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 0) {
+          // Reference LAST.
+          // Set all buffer_idx to 0.
+          // Set GOLDEN to slot 5 and update slot 5.
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 0;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 5 - shift;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[5 - shift] = 1;
+        } else if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 1) {
+          // Reference LAST and GOLDEN. Set buffer_idx for LAST to slot 1,
+          // GOLDEN (and all other refs) to slot 5.
+          // Set LAST3 to slot 6 and update slot 6.
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 5 - shift;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST3_FRAME] = 6 - shift;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[6 - shift] = 1;
+        } else if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 2) {
+          // Reference LAST and GOLDEN. Set buffer_idx for LAST to slot 2,
+          // GOLDEN (and all other refs) to slot 6.
+          // Set LAST3 to slot 7 and update slot 7.
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 6 - shift;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 2;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST3_FRAME] = 7 - shift;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[7 - shift] = 1;
+        }
+      } else if ((superframe_cnt - 3) % 4 == 0) {
+        // Second top temporal enhancement layer.
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 2;
+        if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 0) {
+          // Set LAST to slot 5 and reference LAST.
+          // Set GOLDEN to slot 3 and update slot 3.
+          // Set all other buffer_idx to 0.
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 0;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 5 - shift;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 3;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[3] = 1;
+        } else if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 1) {
+          // Reference LAST and GOLDEN. Set buffer_idx for LAST to slot 6,
+          // GOLDEN to slot 3. Set LAST2 to slot 4 and update slot 4.
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 0;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 6 - shift;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 3;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST2_FRAME] = 4;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[4] = 1;
+        } else if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 2) {
+          // Reference LAST and GOLDEN. Set buffer_idx for LAST to slot 7,
+          // GOLDEN to slot 4. No update.
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 0;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 7 - shift;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 4;
+        }
+      }
+      break;
+    case 11:
+      // Simulcast mode for 3 spatial and 3 temporal layers.
+      // No inter-layer predicton, only prediction is temporal and single
+      // reference (LAST).
+      // No overlap in buffer slots between spatial layers. So for example,
+      // SL0 only uses slots 0 and 1.
+      // SL1 only uses slots 2 and 3.
+      // SL2 only uses slots 4 and 5.
+      // All 7 references for each inter-frame must only access buffer slots
+      // for that spatial layer.
+      // On key (super)frames: SL1 and SL2 must have no references set
+      // and must refresh all the slots for that layer only (so 2 and 3
+      // for SL1, 4 and 5 for SL2). The base SL0 will be labelled internally
+      // as a Key frame (refresh all slots). SL1/SL2 will be labelled
+      // internally as Intra-only frames that allow that stream to be decoded.
+      // These conditions will allow for each spatial stream to be
+      // independently decodeable.
+
+      // Initialize all references to 0 (don't use reference).
+      for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+        ref_frame_config->reference[i] = 0;
+      // Initialize as no refresh/update for all slots.
+      for (i = 0; i < REF_FRAMES; i++) ref_frame_config->refresh[i] = 0;
+      for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+        ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 0;
+
+      if (is_key_frame) {
+        if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 0) {
+          // Assign LAST/GOLDEN to slot 0/1.
+          // Refesh slots 0 and 1 for SL0.
+          // SL0: this will get set to KEY frame internally.
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 0;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 1;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[0] = 1;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[1] = 1;
+        } else if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 1) {
+          // Assign LAST/GOLDEN to slot 2/3.
+          // Refesh slots 2 and 3 for SL1.
+          // This will get set to Intra-only frame internally.
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 2;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 3;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[2] = 1;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[3] = 1;
+        } else if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 2) {
+          // Assign LAST/GOLDEN to slot 4/5.
+          // Refresh slots 4 and 5 for SL2.
+          // This will get set to Intra-only frame internally.
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 4;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 5;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[4] = 1;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[5] = 1;
+        }
+      } else if (superframe_cnt % 4 == 0) {
+        // Base temporal layer: TL0
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 0;
+        if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 0) {  // SL0
+          // Reference LAST. Assign all references to either slot
+          // 0 or 1. Here we assign LAST to slot 0, all others to 1.
+          // Update slot 0 (LAST).
+          ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 1;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 0;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[0] = 1;
+        } else if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 1) {  // SL1
+          // Reference LAST. Assign all references to either slot
+          // 2 or 3. Here we assign LAST to slot 2, all others to 3.
+          // Update slot 2 (LAST).
+          ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 3;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 2;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[2] = 1;
+        } else if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 2) {  // SL2
+          // Reference LAST. Assign all references to either slot
+          // 4 or 5. Here we assign LAST to slot 4, all others to 5.
+          // Update slot 4 (LAST).
+          ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 5;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 4;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[4] = 1;
+        }
+      } else if ((superframe_cnt - 1) % 4 == 0) {
+        // First top temporal enhancement layer: TL2
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 2;
+        if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 0) {  // SL0
+          // Reference LAST (slot 0). Assign other references to slot 1.
+          // No update/refresh on any slots.
+          ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 1;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 0;
+        } else if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 1) {  // SL1
+          // Reference LAST (slot 2). Assign other references to slot 3.
+          // No update/refresh on any slots.
+          ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 3;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 2;
+        } else if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 2) {  // SL2
+          // Reference LAST (slot 4). Assign other references to slot 4.
+          // No update/refresh on any slots.
+          ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 5;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 4;
+        }
+      } else if ((superframe_cnt - 2) % 4 == 0) {
+        // Middle temporal enhancement layer: TL1
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 1;
+        if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 0) {  // SL0
+          // Reference LAST (slot 0).
+          // Set GOLDEN to slot 1 and update slot 1.
+          // This will be used as reference for next TL2.
+          ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 1;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 0;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[1] = 1;
+        } else if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 1) {  // SL1
+          // Reference LAST (slot 2).
+          // Set GOLDEN to slot 3 and update slot 3.
+          // This will be used as reference for next TL2.
+          ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 3;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 2;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[3] = 1;
+        } else if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 2) {  // SL2
+          // Reference LAST (slot 4).
+          // Set GOLDEN to slot 5 and update slot 5.
+          // This will be used as reference for next TL2.
+          ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 5;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 4;
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[5] = 1;
+        }
+      } else if ((superframe_cnt - 3) % 4 == 0) {
+        // Second top temporal enhancement layer: TL2
+        layer_id->temporal_layer_id = 2;
+        if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 0) {  // SL0
+          // Reference LAST (slot 1). Assign other references to slot 0.
+          // No update/refresh on any slots.
+          ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 0;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+        } else if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 1) {  // SL1
+          // Reference LAST (slot 3). Assign other references to slot 2.
+          // No update/refresh on any slots.
+          ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 2;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 3;
+        } else if (layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 2) {  // SL2
+          // Reference LAST (slot 5). Assign other references to slot 4.
+          // No update/refresh on any slots.
+          ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 1;
+          for (i = 0; i < INTER_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
+            ref_frame_config->ref_idx[i] = 4;
+          ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 5;
+        }
+      }
+      if (!simulcast_mode && layer_id->spatial_layer_id > 0) {
+        // Always reference GOLDEN (inter-layer prediction).
+        ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 1;
+        if (ksvc_mode) {
+          // KSVC: only keep the inter-layer reference (GOLDEN) for
+          // superframes whose base is key.
+          if (!is_key_frame) ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_GOLDEN_FRAME] = 0;
+        }
+        if (is_key_frame && layer_id->spatial_layer_id > 1) {
+          // On superframes whose base is key: remove LAST to avoid prediction
+          // off layer two levels below.
+          ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_LAST_FRAME] = 0;
+        }
+      }
+      // For 3 spatial layer case 8 (where there is free buffer slot):
+      // allow for top spatial layer to use additional temporal reference.
+      // Additional reference is only updated on base temporal layer, every
+      // 10 TL0 frames here.
+      if (!simulcast_mode && enable_longterm_temporal_ref &&
+          layer_id->spatial_layer_id == 2 && layering_mode == 8) {
+        ref_frame_config->ref_idx[SVC_ALTREF_FRAME] = REF_FRAMES - 1;
+        if (!is_key_frame) ref_frame_config->reference[SVC_ALTREF_FRAME] = 1;
+        if (base_count % 10 == 0 && layer_id->temporal_layer_id == 0)
+          ref_frame_config->refresh[REF_FRAMES - 1] = 1;
+      }
+      break;
+    default: assert(0); die("Error: Unsupported temporal layering mode!\n");
+  }
+}
+
+#if CONFIG_AV1_DECODER
+// Returns whether there is a mismatch between the encoder's new frame and the
+// decoder's new frame.
+static int test_decode(aom_codec_ctx_t *encoder, aom_codec_ctx_t *decoder,
+                       const int frames_out) {
+  aom_image_t enc_img, dec_img;
+  int mismatch = 0;
+
+  /* Get the internal new frame */
+  AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(encoder, AV1_GET_NEW_FRAME_IMAGE, &enc_img);
+  AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(decoder, AV1_GET_NEW_FRAME_IMAGE, &dec_img);
+
+#if CONFIG_AV1_HIGHBITDEPTH
+  if ((enc_img.fmt & AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH) !=
+      (dec_img.fmt & AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH)) {
+    if (enc_img.fmt & AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH) {
+      aom_image_t enc_hbd_img;
+      aom_img_alloc(
+          &enc_hbd_img,
+          static_cast<aom_img_fmt_t>(enc_img.fmt - AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH),
+          enc_img.d_w, enc_img.d_h, 16);
+      aom_img_truncate_16_to_8(&enc_hbd_img, &enc_img);
+      enc_img = enc_hbd_img;
+    }
+    if (dec_img.fmt & AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH) {
+      aom_image_t dec_hbd_img;
+      aom_img_alloc(
+          &dec_hbd_img,
+          static_cast<aom_img_fmt_t>(dec_img.fmt - AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH),
+          dec_img.d_w, dec_img.d_h, 16);
+      aom_img_truncate_16_to_8(&dec_hbd_img, &dec_img);
+      dec_img = dec_hbd_img;
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+
+  if (!aom_compare_img(&enc_img, &dec_img)) {
+    int y[4], u[4], v[4];
+#if CONFIG_AV1_HIGHBITDEPTH
+    if (enc_img.fmt & AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH) {
+      aom_find_mismatch_high(&enc_img, &dec_img, y, u, v);
+    } else {
+      aom_find_mismatch(&enc_img, &dec_img, y, u, v);
+    }
+#else
+    aom_find_mismatch(&enc_img, &dec_img, y, u, v);
+#endif
+    fprintf(stderr,
+            "Encode/decode mismatch on frame %d at"
+            " Y[%d, %d] {%d/%d},"
+            " U[%d, %d] {%d/%d},"
+            " V[%d, %d] {%d/%d}\n",
+            frames_out, y[0], y[1], y[2], y[3], u[0], u[1], u[2], u[3], v[0],
+            v[1], v[2], v[3]);
+    mismatch = 1;
+  }
+
+  aom_img_free(&enc_img);
+  aom_img_free(&dec_img);
+  return mismatch;
+}
+#endif  // CONFIG_AV1_DECODER
+
+struct psnr_stats {
+  // The second element of these arrays is reserved for high bitdepth.
+  uint64_t psnr_sse_total[2];
+  uint64_t psnr_samples_total[2];
+  double psnr_totals[2][4];
+  int psnr_count[2];
+};
+
+static void show_psnr(struct psnr_stats *psnr_stream, double peak) {
+  double ovpsnr;
+
+  if (!psnr_stream->psnr_count[0]) return;
+
+  fprintf(stderr, "\nPSNR (Overall/Avg/Y/U/V)");
+  ovpsnr = sse_to_psnr((double)psnr_stream->psnr_samples_total[0], peak,
+                       (double)psnr_stream->psnr_sse_total[0]);
+  fprintf(stderr, " %.3f", ovpsnr);
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+    fprintf(stderr, " %.3f",
+            psnr_stream->psnr_totals[0][i] / psnr_stream->psnr_count[0]);
+  }
+  fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+}
+
+static aom::AV1RateControlRtcConfig create_rtc_rc_config(
+    const aom_codec_enc_cfg_t &cfg, const AppInput &app_input) {
+  aom::AV1RateControlRtcConfig rc_cfg;
+  rc_cfg.width = cfg.g_w;
+  rc_cfg.height = cfg.g_h;
+  rc_cfg.max_quantizer = cfg.rc_max_quantizer;
+  rc_cfg.min_quantizer = cfg.rc_min_quantizer;
+  rc_cfg.target_bandwidth = cfg.rc_target_bitrate;
+  rc_cfg.buf_initial_sz = cfg.rc_buf_initial_sz;
+  rc_cfg.buf_optimal_sz = cfg.rc_buf_optimal_sz;
+  rc_cfg.buf_sz = cfg.rc_buf_sz;
+  rc_cfg.overshoot_pct = cfg.rc_overshoot_pct;
+  rc_cfg.undershoot_pct = cfg.rc_undershoot_pct;
+  // This is hardcoded as AOME_SET_MAX_INTRA_BITRATE_PCT
+  rc_cfg.max_intra_bitrate_pct = 300;
+  rc_cfg.framerate = cfg.g_timebase.den;
+  // TODO(jianj): Add suppor for SVC.
+  rc_cfg.ss_number_layers = 1;
+  rc_cfg.ts_number_layers = 1;
+  rc_cfg.scaling_factor_num[0] = 1;
+  rc_cfg.scaling_factor_den[0] = 1;
+  rc_cfg.layer_target_bitrate[0] = static_cast<int>(rc_cfg.target_bandwidth);
+  rc_cfg.max_quantizers[0] = rc_cfg.max_quantizer;
+  rc_cfg.min_quantizers[0] = rc_cfg.min_quantizer;
+  rc_cfg.aq_mode = app_input.aq_mode;
+
+  return rc_cfg;
+}
+
+static int qindex_to_quantizer(int qindex) {
+  // Table that converts 0-63 range Q values passed in outside to the 0-255
+  // range Qindex used internally.
+  static const int quantizer_to_qindex[] = {
+    0,   4,   8,   12,  16,  20,  24,  28,  32,  36,  40,  44,  48,
+    52,  56,  60,  64,  68,  72,  76,  80,  84,  88,  92,  96,  100,
+    104, 108, 112, 116, 120, 124, 128, 132, 136, 140, 144, 148, 152,
+    156, 160, 164, 168, 172, 176, 180, 184, 188, 192, 196, 200, 204,
+    208, 212, 216, 220, 224, 228, 232, 236, 240, 244, 249, 255,
+  };
+  for (int quantizer = 0; quantizer < 64; ++quantizer)
+    if (quantizer_to_qindex[quantizer] >= qindex) return quantizer;
+
+  return 63;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, const char **argv) {
+  AppInput app_input;
+  AvxVideoWriter *outfile[AOM_MAX_LAYERS] = { NULL };
+  FILE *obu_files[AOM_MAX_LAYERS] = { NULL };
+  AvxVideoWriter *total_layer_file = NULL;
+  FILE *total_layer_obu_file = NULL;
+  aom_codec_enc_cfg_t cfg;
+  int frame_cnt = 0;
+  aom_image_t raw;
+  int frame_avail;
+  int got_data = 0;
+  int flags = 0;
+  int i;
+  int pts = 0;             // PTS starts at 0.
+  int frame_duration = 1;  // 1 timebase tick per frame.
+  aom_svc_layer_id_t layer_id;
+  aom_svc_params_t svc_params;
+  aom_svc_ref_frame_config_t ref_frame_config;
+  aom_svc_ref_frame_comp_pred_t ref_frame_comp_pred;
+
+#if CONFIG_INTERNAL_STATS
+  FILE *stats_file = fopen("opsnr.stt", "a");
+  if (stats_file == NULL) {
+    die("Cannot open opsnr.stt\n");
+  }
+#endif
+#if CONFIG_AV1_DECODER
+  aom_codec_ctx_t decoder;
+#endif
+
+  struct RateControlMetrics rc;
+  int64_t cx_time = 0;
+  int64_t cx_time_layer[AOM_MAX_LAYERS];  // max number of layers.
+  int frame_cnt_layer[AOM_MAX_LAYERS];
+  double sum_bitrate = 0.0;
+  double sum_bitrate2 = 0.0;
+  double framerate = 30.0;
+  int use_svc_control = 1;
+  int set_err_resil_frame = 0;
+  int test_changing_bitrate = 0;
+  zero(rc.layer_target_bitrate);
+  memset(&layer_id, 0, sizeof(aom_svc_layer_id_t));
+  memset(&app_input, 0, sizeof(AppInput));
+  memset(&svc_params, 0, sizeof(svc_params));
+
+  // Flag to test dynamic scaling of source frames for single
+  // spatial stream, using the scaling_mode control.
+  const int test_dynamic_scaling_single_layer = 0;
+
+  // Flag to test setting speed per layer.
+  const int test_speed_per_layer = 0;
+
+  /* Setup default input stream settings */
+  app_input.input_ctx.framerate.numerator = 30;
+  app_input.input_ctx.framerate.denominator = 1;
+  app_input.input_ctx.only_i420 = 0;
+  app_input.input_ctx.bit_depth = AOM_BITS_8;
+  app_input.speed = 7;
+  exec_name = argv[0];
+
+  // start with default encoder configuration
+  aom_codec_err_t res = aom_codec_enc_config_default(aom_codec_av1_cx(), &cfg,
+                                                     AOM_USAGE_REALTIME);
+  if (res != AOM_CODEC_OK) {
+    die("Failed to get config: %s\n", aom_codec_err_to_string(res));
+  }
+
+  // Real time parameters.
+  cfg.g_usage = AOM_USAGE_REALTIME;
+
+  cfg.rc_end_usage = AOM_CBR;
+  cfg.rc_min_quantizer = 2;
+  cfg.rc_max_quantizer = 52;
+  cfg.rc_undershoot_pct = 50;
+  cfg.rc_overshoot_pct = 50;
+  cfg.rc_buf_initial_sz = 600;
+  cfg.rc_buf_optimal_sz = 600;
+  cfg.rc_buf_sz = 1000;
+  cfg.rc_resize_mode = 0;  // Set to RESIZE_DYNAMIC for dynamic resize.
+  cfg.g_lag_in_frames = 0;
+  cfg.kf_mode = AOM_KF_AUTO;
+
+  parse_command_line(argc, argv, &app_input, &svc_params, &cfg);
+
+  int ts_number_layers = svc_params.number_temporal_layers;
+  int ss_number_layers = svc_params.number_spatial_layers;
+
+  unsigned int width = cfg.g_w;
+  unsigned int height = cfg.g_h;
+
+  if (app_input.layering_mode >= 0) {
+    if (ts_number_layers !=
+            mode_to_num_temporal_layers[app_input.layering_mode] ||
+        ss_number_layers !=
+            mode_to_num_spatial_layers[app_input.layering_mode]) {
+      die("Number of layers doesn't match layering mode.");
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Y4M reader has its own allocation.
+  if (app_input.input_ctx.file_type != FILE_TYPE_Y4M) {
+    if (!aom_img_alloc(&raw, AOM_IMG_FMT_I420, width, height, 32)) {
+      die("Failed to allocate image (%dx%d)", width, height);
+    }
+  }
+
+  aom_codec_iface_t *encoder = aom_codec_av1_cx();
+
+  memcpy(&rc.layer_target_bitrate[0], &svc_params.layer_target_bitrate[0],
+         sizeof(svc_params.layer_target_bitrate));
+
+  unsigned int total_rate = 0;
+  for (i = 0; i < ss_number_layers; i++) {
+    total_rate +=
+        svc_params
+            .layer_target_bitrate[i * ts_number_layers + ts_number_layers - 1];
+  }
+  if (total_rate != cfg.rc_target_bitrate) {
+    die("Incorrect total target bitrate");
+  }
+
+  svc_params.framerate_factor[0] = 1;
+  if (ts_number_layers == 2) {
+    svc_params.framerate_factor[0] = 2;
+    svc_params.framerate_factor[1] = 1;
+  } else if (ts_number_layers == 3) {
+    svc_params.framerate_factor[0] = 4;
+    svc_params.framerate_factor[1] = 2;
+    svc_params.framerate_factor[2] = 1;
+  }
+
+  if (app_input.input_ctx.file_type == FILE_TYPE_Y4M) {
+    // Override these settings with the info from Y4M file.
+    cfg.g_w = app_input.input_ctx.width;
+    cfg.g_h = app_input.input_ctx.height;
+    // g_timebase is the reciprocal of frame rate.
+    cfg.g_timebase.num = app_input.input_ctx.framerate.denominator;
+    cfg.g_timebase.den = app_input.input_ctx.framerate.numerator;
+  }
+  framerate = cfg.g_timebase.den / cfg.g_timebase.num;
+  set_rate_control_metrics(&rc, framerate, ss_number_layers, ts_number_layers);
+
+  AvxVideoInfo info;
+  info.codec_fourcc = get_fourcc_by_aom_encoder(encoder);
+  info.frame_width = cfg.g_w;
+  info.frame_height = cfg.g_h;
+  info.time_base.numerator = cfg.g_timebase.num;
+  info.time_base.denominator = cfg.g_timebase.den;
+  // Open an output file for each stream.
+  for (int sl = 0; sl < ss_number_layers; ++sl) {
+    for (int tl = 0; tl < ts_number_layers; ++tl) {
+      i = sl * ts_number_layers + tl;
+      char file_name[PATH_MAX];
+      snprintf(file_name, sizeof(file_name), "%s_%d.av1",
+               app_input.output_filename, i);
+      if (app_input.output_obu) {
+        obu_files[i] = fopen(file_name, "wb");
+        if (!obu_files[i]) die("Failed to open %s for writing", file_name);
+      } else {
+        outfile[i] = aom_video_writer_open(file_name, kContainerIVF, &info);
+        if (!outfile[i]) die("Failed to open %s for writing", file_name);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  if (app_input.output_obu) {
+    total_layer_obu_file = fopen(app_input.output_filename, "wb");
+    if (!total_layer_obu_file)
+      die("Failed to open %s for writing", app_input.output_filename);
+  } else {
+    total_layer_file =
+        aom_video_writer_open(app_input.output_filename, kContainerIVF, &info);
+    if (!total_layer_file)
+      die("Failed to open %s for writing", app_input.output_filename);
+  }
+
+  // Initialize codec.
+  aom_codec_ctx_t codec;
+  aom_codec_flags_t flag = 0;
+  flag |= cfg.g_input_bit_depth == AOM_BITS_8 ? 0 : AOM_CODEC_USE_HIGHBITDEPTH;
+  flag |= app_input.show_psnr ? AOM_CODEC_USE_PSNR : 0;
+  if (aom_codec_enc_init(&codec, encoder, &cfg, flag))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to initialize encoder");
+
+#if CONFIG_AV1_DECODER
+  if (app_input.decode) {
+    if (aom_codec_dec_init(&decoder, get_aom_decoder_by_index(0), NULL, 0))
+      die_codec(&decoder, "Failed to initialize decoder");
+  }
+#endif
+
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AOME_SET_CPUUSED, app_input.speed);
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_AQ_MODE, app_input.aq_mode ? 3 : 0);
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_GF_CBR_BOOST_PCT, 0);
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_ENABLE_CDEF, 1);
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_LOOPFILTER_CONTROL, 1);
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_ENABLE_WARPED_MOTION, 0);
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_ENABLE_OBMC, 0);
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_ENABLE_GLOBAL_MOTION, 0);
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_ENABLE_ORDER_HINT, 0);
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_ENABLE_TPL_MODEL, 0);
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_DELTAQ_MODE, 0);
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_COEFF_COST_UPD_FREQ, 3);
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_MODE_COST_UPD_FREQ, 3);
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_MV_COST_UPD_FREQ, 3);
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_DV_COST_UPD_FREQ, 3);
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_CDF_UPDATE_MODE, 1);
+
+  // Settings to reduce key frame encoding time.
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_ENABLE_CFL_INTRA, 0);
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_ENABLE_SMOOTH_INTRA, 0);
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_ENABLE_ANGLE_DELTA, 0);
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_ENABLE_FILTER_INTRA, 0);
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_INTRA_DEFAULT_TX_ONLY, 1);
+
+  if (cfg.g_threads > 1) {
+    aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_TILE_COLUMNS,
+                      (unsigned int)log2(cfg.g_threads));
+  }
+
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_TUNE_CONTENT, app_input.tune_content);
+  if (app_input.tune_content == AOM_CONTENT_SCREEN) {
+    aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_ENABLE_PALETTE, 1);
+    aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_ENABLE_CFL_INTRA, 1);
+    // INTRABC is currently disabled for rt mode, as it's too slow.
+    aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_ENABLE_INTRABC, 0);
+  }
+
+  if (app_input.use_external_rc) {
+    aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_RTC_EXTERNAL_RC, 1);
+  }
+
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_MAX_CONSEC_FRAME_DROP_CBR, INT_MAX);
+
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_SVC_FRAME_DROP_MODE,
+                    AOM_FULL_SUPERFRAME_DROP);
+
+  svc_params.number_spatial_layers = ss_number_layers;
+  svc_params.number_temporal_layers = ts_number_layers;
+  for (i = 0; i < ss_number_layers * ts_number_layers; ++i) {
+    svc_params.max_quantizers[i] = cfg.rc_max_quantizer;
+    svc_params.min_quantizers[i] = cfg.rc_min_quantizer;
+  }
+  for (i = 0; i < ss_number_layers; ++i) {
+    svc_params.scaling_factor_num[i] = 1;
+    svc_params.scaling_factor_den[i] = 1;
+  }
+  if (ss_number_layers == 2) {
+    svc_params.scaling_factor_num[0] = 1;
+    svc_params.scaling_factor_den[0] = 2;
+  } else if (ss_number_layers == 3) {
+    svc_params.scaling_factor_num[0] = 1;
+    svc_params.scaling_factor_den[0] = 4;
+    svc_params.scaling_factor_num[1] = 1;
+    svc_params.scaling_factor_den[1] = 2;
+  }
+  aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_SVC_PARAMS, &svc_params);
+  // TODO(aomedia:3032): Configure KSVC in fixed mode.
+
+  // This controls the maximum target size of the key frame.
+  // For generating smaller key frames, use a smaller max_intra_size_pct
+  // value, like 100 or 200.
+  {
+    const int max_intra_size_pct = 300;
+    aom_codec_control(&codec, AOME_SET_MAX_INTRA_BITRATE_PCT,
+                      max_intra_size_pct);
+  }
+
+  for (int lx = 0; lx < ts_number_layers * ss_number_layers; lx++) {
+    cx_time_layer[lx] = 0;
+    frame_cnt_layer[lx] = 0;
+  }
+
+  std::unique_ptr<aom::AV1RateControlRTC> rc_api;
+  if (app_input.use_external_rc) {
+    const aom::AV1RateControlRtcConfig rc_cfg =
+        create_rtc_rc_config(cfg, app_input);
+    rc_api = aom::AV1RateControlRTC::Create(rc_cfg);
+  }
+
+  frame_avail = 1;
+  struct psnr_stats psnr_stream;
+  memset(&psnr_stream, 0, sizeof(psnr_stream));
+  while (frame_avail || got_data) {
+    struct aom_usec_timer timer;
+    frame_avail = read_frame(&(app_input.input_ctx), &raw);
+    // Loop over spatial layers.
+    for (int slx = 0; slx < ss_number_layers; slx++) {
+      aom_codec_iter_t iter = NULL;
+      const aom_codec_cx_pkt_t *pkt;
+      int layer = 0;
+      // Flag for superframe whose base is key.
+      int is_key_frame = (frame_cnt % cfg.kf_max_dist) == 0;
+      // For flexible mode:
+      if (app_input.layering_mode >= 0) {
+        // Set the reference/update flags, layer_id, and reference_map
+        // buffer index.
+        set_layer_pattern(app_input.layering_mode, frame_cnt, &layer_id,
+                          &ref_frame_config, &ref_frame_comp_pred,
+                          &use_svc_control, slx, is_key_frame,
+                          (app_input.layering_mode == 10), app_input.speed);
+        aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_SVC_LAYER_ID, &layer_id);
+        if (use_svc_control) {
+          aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_SVC_REF_FRAME_CONFIG,
+                            &ref_frame_config);
+          aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_SVC_REF_FRAME_COMP_PRED,
+                            &ref_frame_comp_pred);
+        }
+        // Set the speed per layer.
+        if (test_speed_per_layer) {
+          int speed_per_layer = 10;
+          if (layer_id.spatial_layer_id == 0) {
+            if (layer_id.temporal_layer_id == 0) speed_per_layer = 6;
+            if (layer_id.temporal_layer_id == 1) speed_per_layer = 7;
+            if (layer_id.temporal_layer_id == 2) speed_per_layer = 8;
+          } else if (layer_id.spatial_layer_id == 1) {
+            if (layer_id.temporal_layer_id == 0) speed_per_layer = 7;
+            if (layer_id.temporal_layer_id == 1) speed_per_layer = 8;
+            if (layer_id.temporal_layer_id == 2) speed_per_layer = 9;
+          } else if (layer_id.spatial_layer_id == 2) {
+            if (layer_id.temporal_layer_id == 0) speed_per_layer = 8;
+            if (layer_id.temporal_layer_id == 1) speed_per_layer = 9;
+            if (layer_id.temporal_layer_id == 2) speed_per_layer = 10;
+          }
+          aom_codec_control(&codec, AOME_SET_CPUUSED, speed_per_layer);
+        }
+      } else {
+        // Only up to 3 temporal layers supported in fixed mode.
+        // Only need to set spatial and temporal layer_id: reference
+        // prediction, refresh, and buffer_idx are set internally.
+        layer_id.spatial_layer_id = slx;
+        layer_id.temporal_layer_id = 0;
+        if (ts_number_layers == 2) {
+          layer_id.temporal_layer_id = (frame_cnt % 2) != 0;
+        } else if (ts_number_layers == 3) {
+          if (frame_cnt % 2 != 0)
+            layer_id.temporal_layer_id = 2;
+          else if ((frame_cnt > 1) && ((frame_cnt - 2) % 4 == 0))
+            layer_id.temporal_layer_id = 1;
+        }
+        aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_SVC_LAYER_ID, &layer_id);
+      }
+
+      if (set_err_resil_frame && cfg.g_error_resilient == 0) {
+        // Set error_resilient per frame: off/0 for base layer and
+        // on/1 for enhancement layer frames.
+        // Note that this is can only be done on the fly/per-frame/layer
+        // if the config error_resilience is off/0. See the logic for updating
+        // in set_encoder_config():
+        // tool_cfg->error_resilient_mode =
+        //     cfg->g_error_resilient | extra_cfg->error_resilient_mode;
+        const int err_resil_mode =
+            layer_id.spatial_layer_id > 0 || layer_id.temporal_layer_id > 0;
+        aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_ERROR_RESILIENT_MODE,
+                          err_resil_mode);
+      }
+
+      layer = slx * ts_number_layers + layer_id.temporal_layer_id;
+      if (frame_avail && slx == 0) ++rc.layer_input_frames[layer];
+
+      if (test_dynamic_scaling_single_layer) {
+        // Example to scale source down by 2x2, then 4x4, and then back up to
+        // 2x2, and then back to original.
+        int frame_2x2 = 200;
+        int frame_4x4 = 400;
+        int frame_2x2up = 600;
+        int frame_orig = 800;
+        if (frame_cnt >= frame_2x2 && frame_cnt < frame_4x4) {
+          // Scale source down by 2x2.
+          struct aom_scaling_mode mode = { AOME_ONETWO, AOME_ONETWO };
+          aom_codec_control(&codec, AOME_SET_SCALEMODE, &mode);
+        } else if (frame_cnt >= frame_4x4 && frame_cnt < frame_2x2up) {
+          // Scale source down by 4x4.
+          struct aom_scaling_mode mode = { AOME_ONEFOUR, AOME_ONEFOUR };
+          aom_codec_control(&codec, AOME_SET_SCALEMODE, &mode);
+        } else if (frame_cnt >= frame_2x2up && frame_cnt < frame_orig) {
+          // Source back up to 2x2.
+          struct aom_scaling_mode mode = { AOME_ONETWO, AOME_ONETWO };
+          aom_codec_control(&codec, AOME_SET_SCALEMODE, &mode);
+        } else if (frame_cnt >= frame_orig) {
+          // Source back up to original resolution (no scaling).
+          struct aom_scaling_mode mode = { AOME_NORMAL, AOME_NORMAL };
+          aom_codec_control(&codec, AOME_SET_SCALEMODE, &mode);
+        }
+        if (frame_cnt == frame_2x2 || frame_cnt == frame_4x4 ||
+            frame_cnt == frame_2x2up || frame_cnt == frame_orig) {
+          // For dynamic resize testing on single layer: refresh all references
+          // on the resized frame: this is to avoid decode error:
+          // if resize goes down by >= 4x4 then libaom decoder will throw an
+          // error that some reference (even though not used) is beyond the
+          // limit size (must be smaller than 4x4).
+          for (i = 0; i < REF_FRAMES; i++) ref_frame_config.refresh[i] = 1;
+          if (use_svc_control) {
+            aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_SVC_REF_FRAME_CONFIG,
+                              &ref_frame_config);
+            aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_SVC_REF_FRAME_COMP_PRED,
+                              &ref_frame_comp_pred);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Change target_bitrate every other frame.
+      if (test_changing_bitrate && frame_cnt % 2 == 0) {
+        if (frame_cnt < 500)
+          cfg.rc_target_bitrate += 10;
+        else
+          cfg.rc_target_bitrate -= 10;
+        // Do big increase and decrease.
+        if (frame_cnt == 100) cfg.rc_target_bitrate <<= 1;
+        if (frame_cnt == 600) cfg.rc_target_bitrate >>= 1;
+        if (cfg.rc_target_bitrate < 100) cfg.rc_target_bitrate = 100;
+        // Call change_config, or bypass with new control.
+        // res = aom_codec_enc_config_set(&codec, &cfg);
+        if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_BITRATE_ONE_PASS_CBR,
+                              cfg.rc_target_bitrate))
+          die_codec(&codec, "Failed to SET_BITRATE_ONE_PASS_CBR");
+      }
+
+      if (rc_api) {
+        aom::AV1FrameParamsRTC frame_params;
+        // TODO(jianj): Add support for SVC.
+        frame_params.spatial_layer_id = 0;
+        frame_params.temporal_layer_id = 0;
+        frame_params.frame_type =
+            is_key_frame ? aom::kKeyFrame : aom::kInterFrame;
+        rc_api->ComputeQP(frame_params);
+        const int current_qp = rc_api->GetQP();
+        if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AV1E_SET_QUANTIZER_ONE_PASS,
+                              qindex_to_quantizer(current_qp))) {
+          die_codec(&codec, "Failed to SET_QUANTIZER_ONE_PASS");
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Do the layer encode.
+      aom_usec_timer_start(&timer);
+      if (aom_codec_encode(&codec, frame_avail ? &raw : NULL, pts, 1, flags))
+        die_codec(&codec, "Failed to encode frame");
+      aom_usec_timer_mark(&timer);
+      cx_time += aom_usec_timer_elapsed(&timer);
+      cx_time_layer[layer] += aom_usec_timer_elapsed(&timer);
+      frame_cnt_layer[layer] += 1;
+
+      got_data = 0;
+      // For simulcast (mode 11): write out each spatial layer to the file.
+      int ss_layers_write = (app_input.layering_mode == 11)
+                                ? layer_id.spatial_layer_id + 1
+                                : ss_number_layers;
+      while ((pkt = aom_codec_get_cx_data(&codec, &iter))) {
+        switch (pkt->kind) {
+          case AOM_CODEC_CX_FRAME_PKT:
+            for (int sl = layer_id.spatial_layer_id; sl < ss_layers_write;
+                 ++sl) {
+              for (int tl = layer_id.temporal_layer_id; tl < ts_number_layers;
+                   ++tl) {
+                int j = sl * ts_number_layers + tl;
+                if (app_input.output_obu) {
+                  fwrite(pkt->data.frame.buf, 1, pkt->data.frame.sz,
+                         obu_files[j]);
+                } else {
+                  aom_video_writer_write_frame(
+                      outfile[j],
+                      reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(pkt->data.frame.buf),
+                      pkt->data.frame.sz, pts);
+                }
+                if (sl == layer_id.spatial_layer_id)
+                  rc.layer_encoding_bitrate[j] += 8.0 * pkt->data.frame.sz;
+              }
+            }
+            got_data = 1;
+            // Write everything into the top layer.
+            if (app_input.output_obu) {
+              fwrite(pkt->data.frame.buf, 1, pkt->data.frame.sz,
+                     total_layer_obu_file);
+            } else {
+              aom_video_writer_write_frame(
+                  total_layer_file,
+                  reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(pkt->data.frame.buf),
+                  pkt->data.frame.sz, pts);
+            }
+            // Keep count of rate control stats per layer (for non-key).
+            if (!(pkt->data.frame.flags & AOM_FRAME_IS_KEY)) {
+              int j = layer_id.spatial_layer_id * ts_number_layers +
+                      layer_id.temporal_layer_id;
+              assert(j >= 0);
+              rc.layer_avg_frame_size[j] += 8.0 * pkt->data.frame.sz;
+              rc.layer_avg_rate_mismatch[j] +=
+                  fabs(8.0 * pkt->data.frame.sz - rc.layer_pfb[j]) /
+                  rc.layer_pfb[j];
+              if (slx == 0) ++rc.layer_enc_frames[layer_id.temporal_layer_id];
+            }
+
+            if (rc_api) {
+              rc_api->PostEncodeUpdate(pkt->data.frame.sz);
+            }
+            // Update for short-time encoding bitrate states, for moving window
+            // of size rc->window, shifted by rc->window / 2.
+            // Ignore first window segment, due to key frame.
+            // For spatial layers: only do this for top/highest SL.
+            if (frame_cnt > rc.window_size && slx == ss_number_layers - 1) {
+              sum_bitrate += 0.001 * 8.0 * pkt->data.frame.sz * framerate;
+              rc.window_size = (rc.window_size <= 0) ? 1 : rc.window_size;
+              if (frame_cnt % rc.window_size == 0) {
+                rc.window_count += 1;
+                rc.avg_st_encoding_bitrate += sum_bitrate / rc.window_size;
+                rc.variance_st_encoding_bitrate +=
+                    (sum_bitrate / rc.window_size) *
+                    (sum_bitrate / rc.window_size);
+                sum_bitrate = 0.0;
+              }
+            }
+            // Second shifted window.
+            if (frame_cnt > rc.window_size + rc.window_size / 2 &&
+                slx == ss_number_layers - 1) {
+              sum_bitrate2 += 0.001 * 8.0 * pkt->data.frame.sz * framerate;
+              if (frame_cnt > 2 * rc.window_size &&
+                  frame_cnt % rc.window_size == 0) {
+                rc.window_count += 1;
+                rc.avg_st_encoding_bitrate += sum_bitrate2 / rc.window_size;
+                rc.variance_st_encoding_bitrate +=
+                    (sum_bitrate2 / rc.window_size) *
+                    (sum_bitrate2 / rc.window_size);
+                sum_bitrate2 = 0.0;
+              }
+            }
+
+#if CONFIG_AV1_DECODER
+            if (app_input.decode) {
+              if (aom_codec_decode(
+                      &decoder,
+                      reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(pkt->data.frame.buf),
+                      pkt->data.frame.sz, NULL))
+                die_codec(&decoder, "Failed to decode frame");
+            }
+#endif
+
+            break;
+          case AOM_CODEC_PSNR_PKT:
+            if (app_input.show_psnr) {
+              psnr_stream.psnr_sse_total[0] += pkt->data.psnr.sse[0];
+              psnr_stream.psnr_samples_total[0] += pkt->data.psnr.samples[0];
+              for (int plane = 0; plane < 4; plane++) {
+                psnr_stream.psnr_totals[0][plane] += pkt->data.psnr.psnr[plane];
+              }
+              psnr_stream.psnr_count[0]++;
+            }
+            break;
+          default: break;
+        }
+      }
+#if CONFIG_AV1_DECODER
+      if (got_data && app_input.decode) {
+        // Don't look for mismatch on top spatial and top temporal layers as
+        // they are non reference frames.
+        if ((ss_number_layers > 1 || ts_number_layers > 1) &&
+            !(layer_id.temporal_layer_id > 0 &&
+              layer_id.temporal_layer_id == ts_number_layers - 1)) {
+          if (test_decode(&codec, &decoder, frame_cnt)) {
+#if CONFIG_INTERNAL_STATS
+            fprintf(stats_file, "First mismatch occurred in frame %d\n",
+                    frame_cnt);
+            fclose(stats_file);
+#endif
+            fatal("Mismatch seen");
+          }
+        }
+      }
+#endif
+    }  // loop over spatial layers
+    ++frame_cnt;
+    pts += frame_duration;
+  }
+
+  close_input_file(&(app_input.input_ctx));
+  printout_rate_control_summary(&rc, frame_cnt, ss_number_layers,
+                                ts_number_layers);
+
+  printf("\n");
+  for (int slx = 0; slx < ss_number_layers; slx++)
+    for (int tlx = 0; tlx < ts_number_layers; tlx++) {
+      int lx = slx * ts_number_layers + tlx;
+      printf("Per layer encoding time/FPS stats for encoder: %d %d %d %f %f \n",
+             slx, tlx, frame_cnt_layer[lx],
+             (float)cx_time_layer[lx] / (double)(frame_cnt_layer[lx] * 1000),
+             1000000 * (double)frame_cnt_layer[lx] / (double)cx_time_layer[lx]);
+    }
+
+  printf("\n");
+  printf("Frame cnt and encoding time/FPS stats for encoding: %d %f %f\n",
+         frame_cnt, 1000 * (float)cx_time / (double)(frame_cnt * 1000000),
+         1000000 * (double)frame_cnt / (double)cx_time);
+
+  if (app_input.show_psnr) {
+    show_psnr(&psnr_stream, 255.0);
+  }
+
+  if (aom_codec_destroy(&codec)) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to destroy encoder");
+
+#if CONFIG_AV1_DECODER
+  if (app_input.decode) {
+    if (aom_codec_destroy(&decoder))
+      die_codec(&decoder, "Failed to destroy decoder");
+  }
+#endif
+
+#if CONFIG_INTERNAL_STATS
+  fprintf(stats_file, "No mismatch detected in recon buffers\n");
+  fclose(stats_file);
+#endif
+
+  // Try to rewrite the output file headers with the actual frame count.
+  for (i = 0; i < ss_number_layers * ts_number_layers; ++i)
+    aom_video_writer_close(outfile[i]);
+  aom_video_writer_close(total_layer_file);
+
+  if (app_input.input_ctx.file_type != FILE_TYPE_Y4M) {
+    aom_img_free(&raw);
+  }
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/third_party/aom/examples/twopass_encoder.c b/third_party/aom/examples/twopass_encoder.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..388f68bd4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/aom/examples/twopass_encoder.c
@@ -0,0 +1,254 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved
+ *
+ * This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
+ * the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
+ * was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
+ * obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
+ * Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
+ * PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
+ */
+
+// Two Pass Encoder
+// ================
+//
+// This is an example of a two pass encoder loop. It takes an input file in
+// YV12 format, passes it through the encoder twice, and writes the compressed
+// frames to disk in IVF format. It builds upon the simple_encoder example.
+//
+// Twopass Variables
+// -----------------
+// Twopass mode needs to track the current pass number and the buffer of
+// statistics packets.
+//
+// Updating The Configuration
+// ---------------------------------
+// In two pass mode, the configuration has to be updated on each pass. The
+// statistics buffer is passed on the last pass.
+//
+// Encoding A Frame
+// ----------------
+// Encoding a frame in two pass mode is identical to the simple encoder
+// example.
+//
+// Processing Statistics Packets
+// -----------------------------
+// Each packet of type `AOM_CODEC_CX_FRAME_PKT` contains the encoded data
+// for this frame. We write a IVF frame header, followed by the raw data.
+//
+//
+// Pass Progress Reporting
+// -----------------------------
+// It's sometimes helpful to see when each pass completes.
+//
+//
+// Clean-up
+// -----------------------------
+// Destruction of the encoder instance must be done on each pass. The
+// raw image should be destroyed at the end as usual.
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "aom/aom_encoder.h"
+#include "aom/aomcx.h"
+#include "common/tools_common.h"
+#include "common/video_writer.h"
+
+static const char *exec_name;
+
+void usage_exit(void) {
+  fprintf(stderr,
+          "Usage: %s <codec> <width> <height> <infile> <outfile> "
+          "<limit(optional)>\n",
+          exec_name);
+  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+static int get_frame_stats(aom_codec_ctx_t *ctx, const aom_image_t *img,
+                           aom_codec_pts_t pts, unsigned int duration,
+                           aom_enc_frame_flags_t flags,
+                           aom_fixed_buf_t *stats) {
+  int got_pkts = 0;
+  aom_codec_iter_t iter = NULL;
+  const aom_codec_cx_pkt_t *pkt = NULL;
+  const aom_codec_err_t res = aom_codec_encode(ctx, img, pts, duration, flags);
+  if (res != AOM_CODEC_OK) die_codec(ctx, "Failed to get frame stats.");
+
+  while ((pkt = aom_codec_get_cx_data(ctx, &iter)) != NULL) {
+    got_pkts = 1;
+
+    if (pkt->kind == AOM_CODEC_STATS_PKT) {
+      const uint8_t *const pkt_buf = pkt->data.twopass_stats.buf;
+      const size_t pkt_size = pkt->data.twopass_stats.sz;
+      stats->buf = realloc(stats->buf, stats->sz + pkt_size);
+      if (!stats->buf) die("Failed to allocate frame stats buffer.");
+      memcpy((uint8_t *)stats->buf + stats->sz, pkt_buf, pkt_size);
+      stats->sz += pkt_size;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return got_pkts;
+}
+
+static int encode_frame(aom_codec_ctx_t *ctx, const aom_image_t *img,
+                        aom_codec_pts_t pts, unsigned int duration,
+                        aom_enc_frame_flags_t flags, AvxVideoWriter *writer) {
+  int got_pkts = 0;
+  aom_codec_iter_t iter = NULL;
+  const aom_codec_cx_pkt_t *pkt = NULL;
+  const aom_codec_err_t res = aom_codec_encode(ctx, img, pts, duration, flags);
+  if (res != AOM_CODEC_OK) die_codec(ctx, "Failed to encode frame.");
+
+  while ((pkt = aom_codec_get_cx_data(ctx, &iter)) != NULL) {
+    got_pkts = 1;
+    if (pkt->kind == AOM_CODEC_CX_FRAME_PKT) {
+      const int keyframe = (pkt->data.frame.flags & AOM_FRAME_IS_KEY) != 0;
+
+      if (!aom_video_writer_write_frame(writer, pkt->data.frame.buf,
+                                        pkt->data.frame.sz,
+                                        pkt->data.frame.pts))
+        die_codec(ctx, "Failed to write compressed frame.");
+      printf(keyframe ? "K" : ".");
+      fflush(stdout);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return got_pkts;
+}
+
+static aom_fixed_buf_t pass0(aom_image_t *raw, FILE *infile,
+                             aom_codec_iface_t *encoder,
+                             const aom_codec_enc_cfg_t *cfg, int limit) {
+  aom_codec_ctx_t codec;
+  int frame_count = 0;
+  aom_fixed_buf_t stats = { NULL, 0 };
+
+  if (aom_codec_enc_init(&codec, encoder, cfg, 0))
+    die("Failed to initialize encoder");
+
+  // Calculate frame statistics.
+  while (aom_img_read(raw, infile) && frame_count < limit) {
+    ++frame_count;
+    get_frame_stats(&codec, raw, frame_count, 1, 0, &stats);
+  }
+
+  // Flush encoder.
+  while (get_frame_stats(&codec, NULL, frame_count, 1, 0, &stats)) {
+  }
+
+  printf("Pass 0 complete. Processed %d frames.\n", frame_count);
+  if (aom_codec_destroy(&codec)) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to destroy codec.");
+
+  return stats;
+}
+
+static void pass1(aom_image_t *raw, FILE *infile, const char *outfile_name,
+                  aom_codec_iface_t *encoder, const aom_codec_enc_cfg_t *cfg,
+                  int limit) {
+  AvxVideoInfo info = { get_fourcc_by_aom_encoder(encoder),
+                        cfg->g_w,
+                        cfg->g_h,
+                        { cfg->g_timebase.num, cfg->g_timebase.den },
+                        0 };
+  AvxVideoWriter *writer = NULL;
+  aom_codec_ctx_t codec;
+  int frame_count = 0;
+
+  writer = aom_video_writer_open(outfile_name, kContainerIVF, &info);
+  if (!writer) die("Failed to open %s for writing", outfile_name);
+
+  if (aom_codec_enc_init(&codec, encoder, cfg, 0))
+    die("Failed to initialize encoder");
+
+  if (aom_codec_control(&codec, AOME_SET_CPUUSED, 2))
+    die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set cpu-used");
+
+  // Encode frames.
+  while (aom_img_read(raw, infile) && frame_count < limit) {
+    ++frame_count;
+    encode_frame(&codec, raw, frame_count, 1, 0, writer);
+  }
+
+  // Flush encoder.
+  while (encode_frame(&codec, NULL, -1, 1, 0, writer)) {
+  }
+
+  printf("\n");
+
+  if (aom_codec_destroy(&codec)) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to destroy codec.");
+
+  aom_video_writer_close(writer);
+
+  printf("Pass 1 complete. Processed %d frames.\n", frame_count);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+  FILE *infile = NULL;
+  int w, h;
+  aom_codec_ctx_t codec;
+  aom_codec_enc_cfg_t cfg;
+  aom_image_t raw;
+  aom_codec_err_t res;
+  aom_fixed_buf_t stats;
+
+  const int fps = 30;       // TODO(dkovalev) add command line argument
+  const int bitrate = 200;  // kbit/s TODO(dkovalev) add command line argument
+  const char *const codec_arg = argv[1];
+  const char *const width_arg = argv[2];
+  const char *const height_arg = argv[3];
+  const char *const infile_arg = argv[4];
+  const char *const outfile_arg = argv[5];
+  int limit = 0;
+  exec_name = argv[0];
+
+  if (argc < 6) die("Invalid number of arguments");
+
+  if (argc > 6) limit = (int)strtol(argv[6], NULL, 0);
+
+  if (limit == 0) limit = 100;
+
+  aom_codec_iface_t *encoder = get_aom_encoder_by_short_name(codec_arg);
+  if (!encoder) die("Unsupported codec.");
+
+  w = (int)strtol(width_arg, NULL, 0);
+  h = (int)strtol(height_arg, NULL, 0);
+
+  if (w <= 0 || h <= 0 || (w % 2) != 0 || (h % 2) != 0)
+    die("Invalid frame size: %dx%d", w, h);
+
+  if (!aom_img_alloc(&raw, AOM_IMG_FMT_I420, w, h, 1))
+    die("Failed to allocate image (%dx%d)", w, h);
+
+  printf("Using %s\n", aom_codec_iface_name(encoder));
+
+  // Configuration
+  res = aom_codec_enc_config_default(encoder, &cfg, 0);
+  if (res) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to get default codec config.");
+
+  cfg.g_w = w;
+  cfg.g_h = h;
+  cfg.g_timebase.num = 1;
+  cfg.g_timebase.den = fps;
+  cfg.rc_target_bitrate = bitrate;
+
+  if (!(infile = fopen(infile_arg, "rb")))
+    die("Failed to open %s for reading", infile_arg);
+
+  // Pass 0
+  cfg.g_pass = AOM_RC_FIRST_PASS;
+  stats = pass0(&raw, infile, encoder, &cfg, limit);
+
+  // Pass 1
+  rewind(infile);
+  cfg.g_pass = AOM_RC_LAST_PASS;
+  cfg.rc_twopass_stats_in = stats;
+  pass1(&raw, infile, outfile_arg, encoder, &cfg, limit);
+  free(stats.buf);
+
+  aom_img_free(&raw);
+  fclose(infile);
+
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}