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diff --git a/testing/web-platform/tests/scroll-animations/css/scroll-timeline-multi-pass.tentative.html b/testing/web-platform/tests/scroll-animations/css/scroll-timeline-multi-pass.tentative.html
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+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<title>ScrollTimelines may trigger multiple style/layout passes</title>
+<link rel="help" src="https://github.com/w3c/csswg-drafts/issues/5261">
+<link rel="help" src="https://drafts.csswg.org/scroll-animations-1/#avoiding-cycles">
+<script src="/resources/testharness.js"></script>
+<script src="/resources/testharnessreport.js"></script>
+<script src="/web-animations/testcommon.js"></script>
+<script src="support/testcommon.js"></script>
+<style>
+  @keyframes expand_width {
+    from { width: 100px; }
+    to { width: 100px; }
+  }
+  @keyframes expand_height {
+    from { height: 100px; }
+    to { height: 100px; }
+  }
+  main {
+    height: 0px;
+    overflow: hidden;
+    timeline-scope: --timeline1, --timeline2;
+  }
+  .scroller {
+    height: 100px;
+    overflow: scroll;
+  }
+  .scroller > div {
+    height: 200px;
+  }
+  #element1 {
+    width: 1px;
+    animation: expand_width 10s;
+    animation-timeline: --timeline1;
+  }
+  #element2 {
+    height: 1px;
+    animation: expand_height 10s;
+    animation-timeline: --timeline2;
+  }
+</style>
+<main id=main>
+  <div id=element1></div>
+  <div>
+    <div id=element2></div>
+  </div>
+</main>
+<script>
+    setup(assert_implements_animation_timeline);
+
+    function insertScroller(timeline_name) {
+      let scroller = document.createElement('div');
+      scroller.classList.add('scroller');
+      scroller.style.scrollTimeline = timeline_name;
+      scroller.append(document.createElement('div'));
+      main.insertBefore(scroller, element1);
+    }
+
+    promise_test(async () => {
+      await waitForNextFrame();
+
+      let events1 = [];
+      let events2 = [];
+
+      insertScroller('--timeline1');
+      // Even though the scroller was just inserted into the DOM, |timeline1|
+      // remains inactive until the next frame.
+      //
+      // https://drafts.csswg.org/scroll-animations-1/#avoiding-cycles
+      assert_equals(getComputedStyle(element1).width, '1px');
+      (new ResizeObserver(entries => {
+        events1.push(entries);
+        insertScroller('--timeline2');
+        assert_equals(getComputedStyle(element2).height, '1px');
+      })).observe(element1);
+
+      (new ResizeObserver(entries => {
+        events2.push(entries);
+      })).observe(element2);
+
+      await waitForNextFrame();
+
+      // According to the basic rules of the spec [1], the timeline is
+      // inactive at the time the resize observer event was delivered, because
+      // #scroller1 did not have a layout box at the time style recalc for
+      // #element1 happened.
+      //
+      // However, an additional style/layout pass should take place
+      // (before resize observer deliveries) if we detect new ScrollTimelines
+      // in this situation, hence we ultimately do expect the animation to
+      // apply [2].
+      //
+      // [1] https://drafts.csswg.org/scroll-animations-1/#avoiding-cycles
+      // [2] https://github.com/w3c/csswg-drafts/issues/5261
+      assert_equals(events1.length, 1);
+      assert_equals(events1[0].length, 1);
+      assert_equals(events1[0][0].contentBoxSize.length, 1);
+      assert_equals(events1[0][0].contentBoxSize[0].inlineSize, 100);
+
+      // ScrollTimelines created during the ResizeObserver should remain
+      // inactive during the frame they're created, so the ResizeObserver
+      // event should not reflect the animated value.
+      assert_equals(events2.length, 1);
+      assert_equals(events2[0].length, 1);
+      assert_equals(events2[0][0].contentBoxSize.length, 1);
+      assert_equals(events2[0][0].contentBoxSize[0].blockSize, 1);
+
+      assert_equals(getComputedStyle(element1).width, '100px');
+      assert_equals(getComputedStyle(element2).height, '100px');
+    }, 'Multiple style/layout passes occur when necessary');
+</script>