/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*- */
/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
 * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */

#ifndef mozilla_layers_NativeLayerCA_h
#define mozilla_layers_NativeLayerCA_h

#include <IOSurface/IOSurface.h>

#include <deque>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <ostream>

#include "mozilla/Mutex.h"
#include "mozilla/TimeStamp.h"

#include "mozilla/gfx/MacIOSurface.h"
#include "mozilla/layers/NativeLayer.h"
#include "CFTypeRefPtr.h"
#include "nsRegion.h"
#include "nsISupportsImpl.h"

#ifdef __OBJC__
@class CALayer;
#else
typedef void CALayer;
#endif

namespace mozilla {

namespace gl {
class GLContextCGL;
class MozFramebuffer;
}  // namespace gl
namespace wr {
class RenderMacIOSurfaceTextureHost;
}  // namespace wr

namespace layers {

class NativeLayerRootSnapshotterCA;
class SurfacePoolHandleCA;

enum class VideoLowPowerType {
  // These must be kept synchronized with the telemetry histogram enums.
  NotVideo,           // Never emitted as telemetry. No video is visible.
  LowPower,           // As best we can tell, we are in the "detached",
                      // low-power compositing mode. We don't use "Success"
                      // because of name collision with telemetry generation.
  FailMultipleVideo,  // There is more than one video visible.
  FailWindowed,       // The window is not fullscreen.
  FailOverlaid,       // Something is on top of the video (likely captions).
  FailBacking,        // The layer behind the video is not full-coverage black.
  FailMacOSVersion,   // macOS version does not meet requirements.
  FailPref,           // Pref is not set.
  FailSurface,        // Surface is not eligible.
  FailEnqueue,        // Enqueueing the video didn't work.
};

// NativeLayerRootCA is the CoreAnimation implementation of the NativeLayerRoot
// interface. A NativeLayerRootCA is created by the widget around an existing
// CALayer with a call to CreateForCALayer - this CALayer is the root of the
// "onscreen" representation of this layer tree.
// All methods can be called from any thread, there is internal locking.
// All effects from mutating methods are buffered locally and don't modify the
// underlying CoreAnimation layers until CommitToScreen() is called. This
// ensures that the modifications happen on the right thread.
//
// More specifically: During normal operation, screen updates are driven from a
// compositing thread. On this thread, the layers are created / destroyed, their
// contents are painted, and the result is committed to the screen. However,
// there are some scenarios that need to involve the main thread, most notably
// window resizing: During a window resize, we still need the drawing part to
// happen on the compositing thread, but the modifications to the underlying
// CALayers need to happen on the main thread, once compositing is done.
//
// NativeLayerRootCA + NativeLayerCA create and maintain *two* CALayer tree
// representations: An "onscreen" representation and an "offscreen"
// representation. These representations are updated via calls to
// CommitToScreen() and CommitOffscreen(), respectively. The reason for having
// two representations is the following: Our implementation of the snapshotter
// API uses CARenderer, which lets us render the composited result of our layer
// tree into a GPU buffer. But CARenderer requires "ownership" of the rendered
// CALayers in the sense that it associates the CALayers with a local
// "CAContext". A CALayer can only be associated with one CAContext at any time.
// If we wanted te render our *onscreen* CALayers with CARenderer, we would need
// to remove them from the window, reparent them to the CARenderer, render them,
// and then put them back into the window. This would lead to a visible flashing
// effect. To solve this problem, we build two CALayer representations, so that
// one representation can stay inside the window and the other can stay attached
// to the CARenderer.
class NativeLayerRootCA : public NativeLayerRoot {
 public:
  static already_AddRefed<NativeLayerRootCA> CreateForCALayer(CALayer* aLayer);

  virtual NativeLayerRootCA* AsNativeLayerRootCA() override { return this; }

  // Can be called on any thread at any point. Returns whether comitting was
  // successful. Will return false if called off the main thread while
  // off-main-thread commits are suspended.
  bool CommitToScreen() override;

  void CommitOffscreen();
  void OnNativeLayerRootSnapshotterDestroyed(
      NativeLayerRootSnapshotterCA* aNativeLayerRootSnapshotter);

  // Enters a mode during which CommitToScreen(), when called on a non-main
  // thread, will not apply any updates to the CALayer tree.
  void SuspendOffMainThreadCommits();

  // Exits the mode entered by SuspendOffMainThreadCommits().
  // Returns true if the last CommitToScreen() was canceled due to suspension,
  // indicating that another call to CommitToScreen() is needed.
  bool UnsuspendOffMainThreadCommits();

  bool AreOffMainThreadCommitsSuspended();

  void DumpLayerTreeToFile(const char* aPath);

  enum class WhichRepresentation : uint8_t { ONSCREEN, OFFSCREEN };

  // Overridden methods
  already_AddRefed<NativeLayer> CreateLayer(
      const gfx::IntSize& aSize, bool aIsOpaque,
      SurfacePoolHandle* aSurfacePoolHandle) override;
  void AppendLayer(NativeLayer* aLayer) override;
  void RemoveLayer(NativeLayer* aLayer) override;
  void SetLayers(const nsTArray<RefPtr<NativeLayer>>& aLayers) override;
  UniquePtr<NativeLayerRootSnapshotter> CreateSnapshotter() override;

  void SetBackingScale(float aBackingScale);
  float BackingScale();

  already_AddRefed<NativeLayer> CreateLayerForExternalTexture(
      bool aIsOpaque) override;
  already_AddRefed<NativeLayer> CreateLayerForColor(
      gfx::DeviceColor aColor) override;

  void SetWindowIsFullscreen(bool aFullscreen);

  VideoLowPowerType CheckVideoLowPower(const MutexAutoLock& aProofOfLock);

 protected:
  explicit NativeLayerRootCA(CALayer* aLayer);
  ~NativeLayerRootCA() override;

  struct Representation {
    explicit Representation(CALayer* aRootCALayer);
    ~Representation();
    void Commit(WhichRepresentation aRepresentation,
                const nsTArray<RefPtr<NativeLayerCA>>& aSublayers);
    CALayer* mRootCALayer = nullptr;  // strong
    bool mMutatedLayerStructure = false;
  };

  template <typename F>
  void ForAllRepresentations(F aFn);

  Mutex mMutex MOZ_UNANNOTATED;  // protects all other fields
  Representation mOnscreenRepresentation;
  Representation mOffscreenRepresentation;
  NativeLayerRootSnapshotterCA* mWeakSnapshotter = nullptr;
  nsTArray<RefPtr<NativeLayerCA>> mSublayers;  // in z-order
  float mBackingScale = 1.0f;
  bool mMutated = false;

  // While mOffMainThreadCommitsSuspended is true, no commits
  // should happen on a non-main thread, because they might race with
  // main-thread driven updates such as window shape changes, and cause
  // glitches.
  bool mOffMainThreadCommitsSuspended = false;

  // Set to true if CommitToScreen() was aborted because of commit suspension.
  // Set to false when CommitToScreen() completes successfully. When true,
  // indicates that CommitToScreen() needs to be called at the next available
  // opportunity.
  bool mCommitPending = false;

  // Updated by the layer's view's window to match the fullscreen state
  // of that window.
  bool mWindowIsFullscreen = false;

  // How many times have we committed since the last time we emitted
  // telemetry?
  unsigned int mTelemetryCommitCount = 0;
};

class RenderSourceNLRS;

class NativeLayerRootSnapshotterCA final : public NativeLayerRootSnapshotter {
 public:
  static UniquePtr<NativeLayerRootSnapshotterCA> Create(
      NativeLayerRootCA* aLayerRoot, CALayer* aRootCALayer);
  virtual ~NativeLayerRootSnapshotterCA();

  bool ReadbackPixels(const gfx::IntSize& aReadbackSize,
                      gfx::SurfaceFormat aReadbackFormat,
                      const Range<uint8_t>& aReadbackBuffer) override;
  already_AddRefed<profiler_screenshots::RenderSource> GetWindowContents(
      const gfx::IntSize& aWindowSize) override;
  already_AddRefed<profiler_screenshots::DownscaleTarget> CreateDownscaleTarget(
      const gfx::IntSize& aSize) override;
  already_AddRefed<profiler_screenshots::AsyncReadbackBuffer>
  CreateAsyncReadbackBuffer(const gfx::IntSize& aSize) override;

 protected:
  NativeLayerRootSnapshotterCA(NativeLayerRootCA* aLayerRoot,
                               RefPtr<gl::GLContext>&& aGL,
                               CALayer* aRootCALayer);
  void UpdateSnapshot(const gfx::IntSize& aSize);

  RefPtr<NativeLayerRootCA> mLayerRoot;
  RefPtr<gl::GLContext> mGL;

  // Can be null. Created and updated in UpdateSnapshot.
  RefPtr<RenderSourceNLRS> mSnapshot;
  CARenderer* mRenderer = nullptr;  // strong
};

// NativeLayerCA wraps a CALayer and lets you draw to it. It ensures that only
// fully-drawn frames make their way to the screen, by maintaining a swap chain
// of IOSurfaces.
// All calls to mutating methods are buffered, and don't take effect on the
// underlying CoreAnimation layers until ApplyChanges() is called.
// The two most important methods are NextSurface and NotifySurfaceReady:
// NextSurface takes an available surface from the swap chain or creates a new
// surface if necessary. This surface can then be drawn to. Once drawing is
// finished, NotifySurfaceReady marks the surface as ready. This surface is
// committed to the layer during the next call to ApplyChanges().
// The swap chain keeps track of invalid areas within the surfaces.
class NativeLayerCA : public NativeLayer {
 public:
  virtual NativeLayerCA* AsNativeLayerCA() override { return this; }

  // Overridden methods
  gfx::IntSize GetSize() override;
  void SetPosition(const gfx::IntPoint& aPosition) override;
  gfx::IntPoint GetPosition() override;
  void SetTransform(const gfx::Matrix4x4& aTransform) override;
  gfx::Matrix4x4 GetTransform() override;
  gfx::IntRect GetRect() override;
  void SetSamplingFilter(gfx::SamplingFilter aSamplingFilter) override;
  RefPtr<gfx::DrawTarget> NextSurfaceAsDrawTarget(
      const gfx::IntRect& aDisplayRect, const gfx::IntRegion& aUpdateRegion,
      gfx::BackendType aBackendType) override;
  Maybe<GLuint> NextSurfaceAsFramebuffer(const gfx::IntRect& aDisplayRect,
                                         const gfx::IntRegion& aUpdateRegion,
                                         bool aNeedsDepth) override;
  void NotifySurfaceReady() override;
  void DiscardBackbuffers() override;
  bool IsOpaque() override;
  void SetClipRect(const Maybe<gfx::IntRect>& aClipRect) override;
  Maybe<gfx::IntRect> ClipRect() override;
  gfx::IntRect CurrentSurfaceDisplayRect() override;
  void SetSurfaceIsFlipped(bool aIsFlipped) override;
  bool SurfaceIsFlipped() override;

  void DumpLayer(std::ostream& aOutputStream);

  void AttachExternalImage(wr::RenderTextureHost* aExternalImage) override;

 protected:
  friend class NativeLayerRootCA;

  NativeLayerCA(const gfx::IntSize& aSize, bool aIsOpaque,
                SurfacePoolHandleCA* aSurfacePoolHandle);
  explicit NativeLayerCA(bool aIsOpaque);
  explicit NativeLayerCA(gfx::DeviceColor aColor);
  ~NativeLayerCA() override;

  // Gets the next surface for drawing from our swap chain and stores it in
  // mInProgressSurface. Returns whether this was successful.
  // mInProgressSurface is guaranteed to be not in use by the window server.
  // After a call to NextSurface, NextSurface must not be called again until
  // after NotifySurfaceReady has been called. Can be called on any thread. When
  // used from multiple threads, callers need to make sure that they still only
  // call NextSurface and NotifySurfaceReady alternatingly and not in any other
  // order.
  bool NextSurface(const MutexAutoLock& aProofOfLock);

  // To be called by NativeLayerRootCA:
  typedef NativeLayerRootCA::WhichRepresentation WhichRepresentation;
  CALayer* UnderlyingCALayer(WhichRepresentation aRepresentation);

  enum class UpdateType {
    None,       // Order is important. Each enum must fully encompass the
    OnlyVideo,  // work implied by the previous enums.
    All,
  };

  UpdateType HasUpdate(WhichRepresentation aRepresentation);
  bool WillUpdateAffectLayers(WhichRepresentation aRepresentation);
  bool ApplyChanges(WhichRepresentation aRepresentation, UpdateType aUpdate);

  void SetBackingScale(float aBackingScale);

  // Invalidates the specified region in all surfaces that are tracked by this
  // layer.
  void InvalidateRegionThroughoutSwapchain(const MutexAutoLock& aProofOfLock,
                                           const gfx::IntRegion& aRegion);

  // Invalidate aUpdateRegion and make sure that mInProgressSurface retains any
  // valid content from the previous surface outside of aUpdateRegion, so that
  // only aUpdateRegion needs to be drawn. If content needs to be copied,
  // aCopyFn is called to do the copying.
  // aCopyFn: Fn(CFTypeRefPtr<IOSurfaceRef> aValidSourceIOSurface,
  //             const gfx::IntRegion& aCopyRegion) -> void
  template <typename F>
  void HandlePartialUpdate(const MutexAutoLock& aProofOfLock,
                           const gfx::IntRect& aDisplayRect,
                           const gfx::IntRegion& aUpdateRegion, F&& aCopyFn);

  struct SurfaceWithInvalidRegion {
    CFTypeRefPtr<IOSurfaceRef> mSurface;
    gfx::IntRegion mInvalidRegion;
  };

  struct SurfaceWithInvalidRegionAndCheckCount {
    SurfaceWithInvalidRegion mEntry;
    uint32_t mCheckCount;  // The number of calls to IOSurfaceIsInUse
  };

  Maybe<SurfaceWithInvalidRegion> GetUnusedSurfaceAndCleanUp(
      const MutexAutoLock& aProofOfLock);

  bool IsVideo(const MutexAutoLock& aProofOfLock);
  bool ShouldSpecializeVideo(const MutexAutoLock& aProofOfLock);
  bool HasExtent() const { return mHasExtent; }
  void SetHasExtent(bool aHasExtent) { mHasExtent = aHasExtent; }

  // This function returns a CGRect if a clip should be applied to the layer.
  // If set, the CGRect has the scaled position of the clip relative to the
  // surface origin and the scaled size of the clip rect.
  static Maybe<CGRect> CalculateClipGeometry(
      const gfx::IntSize& aSize, const gfx::IntPoint& aPosition,
      const gfx::Matrix4x4& aTransform, const gfx::IntRect& aDisplayRect,
      const Maybe<gfx::IntRect>& aClipRect, float aBackingScale);

  // Wraps one CALayer representation of this NativeLayer.
  struct Representation {
    Representation();
    ~Representation();

    CALayer* UnderlyingCALayer() { return mWrappingCALayer; }

    bool EnqueueSurface(IOSurfaceRef aSurfaceRef);

    // Applies buffered changes to the native CALayers. The contract with the
    // caller is as follows: If any of these values have changed since the last
    // call to ApplyChanges, mMutated[Field] needs to have been set to true
    // before the call. If aUpdate is not All, then a partial update will be
    // applied. In such a case, ApplyChanges may not make any changes that
    // require a CATransacation, because no transaction will be created. In a
    // a partial update, the return value will indicate if all the needed
    // changes were able to be applied under these restrictions. A false return
    // value indicates an All update is necessary.
    bool ApplyChanges(
        UpdateType aUpdate, const gfx::IntSize& aSize, bool aIsOpaque,
        const gfx::IntPoint& aPosition, const gfx::Matrix4x4& aTransform,
        const gfx::IntRect& aDisplayRect, const Maybe<gfx::IntRect>& aClipRect,
        float aBackingScale, bool aSurfaceIsFlipped,
        gfx::SamplingFilter aSamplingFilter, bool aSpecializeVideo,
        CFTypeRefPtr<IOSurfaceRef> aFrontSurface,
        CFTypeRefPtr<CGColorRef> aColor, bool aIsDRM, bool aIsVideo);

    // Return whether any aspects of this layer representation have been mutated
    // since the last call to ApplyChanges, i.e. whether ApplyChanges needs to
    // be called.
    // This is used to optimize away a CATransaction commit if no layers have
    // changed.
    UpdateType HasUpdate(bool aIsVideo);

    // Lazily initialized by first call to ApplyChanges. mWrappingLayer is the
    // layer that applies the intersection of mDisplayRect and mClipRect (if
    // set), and mContentCALayer is the layer that hosts the IOSurface. We do
    // not share clip layers between consecutive NativeLayerCA objects with the
    // same clip rect.
    CALayer* mWrappingCALayer = nullptr;      // strong
    CALayer* mContentCALayer = nullptr;       // strong
    CALayer* mOpaquenessTintLayer = nullptr;  // strong

#ifdef NIGHTLY_BUILD
    bool mLogNextVideoSurface = false;
#endif

    bool mMutatedPosition : 1;
    bool mMutatedTransform : 1;
    bool mMutatedDisplayRect : 1;
    bool mMutatedClipRect : 1;
    bool mMutatedBackingScale : 1;
    bool mMutatedSize : 1;
    bool mMutatedSurfaceIsFlipped : 1;
    bool mMutatedFrontSurface : 1;
    bool mMutatedSamplingFilter : 1;
    bool mMutatedSpecializeVideo : 1;
    bool mMutatedIsDRM : 1;
  };

  Representation& GetRepresentation(WhichRepresentation aRepresentation);
  template <typename F>
  void ForAllRepresentations(F aFn);

  // Controls access to all fields of this class.
  Mutex mMutex MOZ_UNANNOTATED;

  // Each IOSurface is initially created inside NextSurface.
  // The surface stays alive until the recycling mechanism in NextSurface
  // determines it is no longer needed (because the swap chain has grown too
  // long) or until DiscardBackbuffers() is called or the layer is destroyed.
  // During the surface's lifetime, it will continuously move through the fields
  // mInProgressSurface, mFrontSurface, and back to front through the mSurfaces
  // queue:
  //
  //  mSurfaces.front()
  //  ------[NextSurface()]-----> mInProgressSurface
  //  --[NotifySurfaceReady()]--> mFrontSurface
  //  --[NotifySurfaceReady()]--> mSurfaces.back()  --> .... -->
  //  mSurfaces.front()
  //
  // We mark an IOSurface as "in use" as long as it is either in
  // mInProgressSurface. When it is in mFrontSurface or in the mSurfaces queue,
  // it is not marked as "in use" by us - but it can be "in use" by the window
  // server. Consequently, IOSurfaceIsInUse on a surface from mSurfaces reflects
  // whether the window server is still reading from the surface, and we can use
  // this indicator to decide when to recycle the surface.
  //
  // Users of NativeLayerCA normally proceed in this order:
  //  1. Begin a frame by calling NextSurface to get the surface.
  //  2. Draw to the surface.
  //  3. Mark the surface as done by calling NotifySurfaceReady.
  //  4. Call NativeLayerRoot::CommitToScreen(), which calls ApplyChanges()
  //     during a CATransaction.

  // The surface we returned from the most recent call to NextSurface, before
  // the matching call to NotifySurfaceReady.
  // Will only be Some() between calls to NextSurface and NotifySurfaceReady.
  Maybe<SurfaceWithInvalidRegion> mInProgressSurface;
  Maybe<gfx::IntRegion> mInProgressUpdateRegion;
  Maybe<gfx::IntRect> mInProgressDisplayRect;

  // The surface that the most recent call to NotifySurfaceReady was for.
  // Will be Some() after the first call to NotifySurfaceReady, for the rest of
  // the layer's life time.
  Maybe<SurfaceWithInvalidRegion> mFrontSurface;

  // The queue of surfaces which make up the rest of our "swap chain".
  // mSurfaces.front() is the next surface we'll attempt to use.
  // mSurfaces.back() is the one that was used most recently.
  std::vector<SurfaceWithInvalidRegionAndCheckCount> mSurfaces;

  // Non-null between calls to NextSurfaceAsDrawTarget and NotifySurfaceReady.
  RefPtr<MacIOSurface> mInProgressLockedIOSurface;

  RefPtr<SurfacePoolHandleCA> mSurfacePoolHandle;
  RefPtr<wr::RenderMacIOSurfaceTextureHost> mTextureHost;

  Representation mOnscreenRepresentation;
  Representation mOffscreenRepresentation;

  gfx::IntPoint mPosition;
  gfx::Matrix4x4 mTransform;
  gfx::IntRect mDisplayRect;
  gfx::IntSize mSize;
  Maybe<gfx::IntRect> mClipRect;
  gfx::SamplingFilter mSamplingFilter = gfx::SamplingFilter::POINT;
  float mBackingScale = 1.0f;
  bool mSurfaceIsFlipped = false;
  CFTypeRefPtr<CGColorRef> mColor;
  const bool mIsOpaque = false;
  bool mSpecializeVideo = false;
  bool mHasExtent = false;
  bool mIsDRM = false;
  bool mIsTextureHostVideo = false;

#ifdef NIGHTLY_BUILD
  // Track the consistency of our caller's API usage. Layers that are drawn
  // should only ever be called with NotifySurfaceReady. Layers that are
  // external should only ever be called with AttachExternalImage.
  bool mHasEverAttachExternalImage = false;
  bool mHasEverNotifySurfaceReady = false;
#endif
};

}  // namespace layers
}  // namespace mozilla

#endif  // mozilla_layers_NativeLayerCA_h