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|
.. _isis:
****
ISIS
****
:abbr:`ISIS (Intermediate System to Intermediate System)` is a routing protocol
which is described in :t:`ISO10589`, :rfc:`1195`, :rfc:`5308`. ISIS is an
:abbr:`IGP (Interior Gateway Protocol)`. Compared with :abbr:`RIP`,
:abbr:`ISIS` can provide scalable network support and faster convergence times
like :abbr:`OSPF`. ISIS is widely used in large networks such as :abbr:`ISP
(Internet Service Provider)` and carrier backbone networks.
.. _configuring-isisd:
Configuring isisd
=================
There are no *isisd* specific options. Common options can be specified
(:ref:`common-invocation-options`) to *isisd*. *isisd* needs to acquire
interface information from *zebra* in order to function. Therefore *zebra* must
be running before invoking *isisd*. Also, if *zebra* is restarted then *isisd*
must be too.
Like other daemons, *isisd* configuration is done in :abbr:`ISIS` specific
configuration file :file:`isisd.conf`.
.. _isis-router:
ISIS router
===========
To start the ISIS process you have to specify the ISIS router. As of this
writing, *isisd* does not support multiple ISIS processes.
.. clicmd:: router isis WORD [vrf NAME]
Enable or disable the ISIS process by specifying the ISIS domain with
'WORD'. *isisd* does not yet support multiple ISIS processes but you must
specify the name of ISIS process. The ISIS process name 'WORD' is then used
for interface (see command :clicmd:`ip router isis WORD`).
.. clicmd:: net XX.XXXX. ... .XXX.XX
Set/Unset network entity title (NET) provided in ISO format.
.. clicmd:: hostname dynamic
Enable support for dynamic hostname.
.. clicmd:: area-password [clear | md5] <password>
.. clicmd:: domain-password [clear | md5] <password>
Configure the authentication password for an area, respectively a domain, as
clear text or md5 one.
.. clicmd:: attached-bit [receive ignore | send]
Set attached bit for inter-area traffic:
- receive
If LSP received with attached bit set, create default route to neighbor
- send
If L1|L2 router, set attached bit in LSP sent to L1 router
.. clicmd:: log-adjacency-changes
Log changes in adjacency state.
.. clicmd:: log-pdu-drops
Log any dropped PDUs.
.. clicmd:: metric-style [narrow | transition | wide]
Set old-style (ISO 10589) or new-style packet formats:
- narrow
Use old style of TLVs with narrow metric
- transition
Send and accept both styles of TLVs during transition
- wide
Use new style of TLVs to carry wider metric. FRR uses this as a default value
.. clicmd:: advertise-high-metrics
Advertise high metric value on all interfaces to gracefully shift traffic off the router. Reference: :rfc:`3277`
For narrow metrics, the high metric value is 63; for wide metrics, 16777215; for transition metrics, 62.
.. clicmd:: set-overload-bit
Set overload bit to avoid any transit traffic.
.. clicmd:: set-overload-bit on-startup (0-86400)
Set overload bit on startup for the specified duration, in seconds. Reference: :rfc:`3277`
.. clicmd:: purge-originator
Enable or disable :rfc:`6232` purge originator identification.
.. clicmd:: lsp-mtu (128-4352)
Configure the maximum size of generated LSPs, in bytes.
.. clicmd:: advertise-passive-only
Advertise prefixes of passive interfaces only.
.. _isis-timer:
ISIS Timer
==========
.. clicmd:: lsp-gen-interval [level-1 | level-2] (1-120)
Set minimum interval in seconds between regenerating same LSP,
globally, for an area (level-1) or a domain (level-2).
.. clicmd:: lsp-refresh-interval [level-1 | level-2] (1-65235)
Set LSP refresh interval in seconds, globally, for an area (level-1) or a
domain (level-2).
.. clicmd:: max-lsp-lifetime [level-1 | level-2] (360-65535)
Set LSP maximum LSP lifetime in seconds, globally, for an area (level-1) or
a domain (level-2).
.. clicmd:: spf-interval [level-1 | level-2] (1-120)
Set minimum interval between consecutive SPF calculations in seconds.
.. _isis-fast-reroute:
ISIS Fast-Reroute
=================
Unless stated otherwise, commands in this section apply to all LFA
flavors (local LFA, Remote LFA and TI-LFA).
.. clicmd:: spf prefix-priority [critical | high | medium] WORD
Assign a priority to the prefixes that match the specified access-list.
By default loopback prefixes have medium priority and non-loopback prefixes
have low priority.
.. clicmd:: fast-reroute priority-limit [critical | high | medium] [level-1 | level-2]
Limit LFA backup computation up to the specified prefix priority.
.. clicmd:: fast-reroute lfa tiebreaker [downstream | lowest-backup-metric | node-protecting] index (1-255) [level-1 | level-2]
Configure a tie-breaker for multiple local LFA backups. Lower indexes are
processed first.
.. clicmd:: fast-reroute load-sharing disable [level-1 | level-2]
Disable load sharing across multiple LFA backups.
.. clicmd:: fast-reroute remote-lfa prefix-list [WORD] [level-1 | level-2]
Configure a prefix-list to select eligible PQ nodes for remote LFA
backups (valid for all protected interfaces).
.. clicmd:: redistribute <ipv4 | ipv6> table (1-65535) <level-1 | level-2> [metric (0-16777215)|route-map WORD]
Redistribute routes from a given routing table into the given ISIS
level database.
.. _isis-region:
ISIS region
===========
.. clicmd:: is-type [level-1 | level-1-2 | level-2-only]
Define the ISIS router behavior:
- level-1
Act as a station router only
- level-1-2
Act as both a station router and an area router
- level-2-only
Act as an area router only
.. _isis-interface:
ISIS interface
==============
.. _ip-router-isis-word:
.. clicmd:: <ip|ipv6> router isis WORD
Activate ISIS adjacency on this interface. Note that the name of ISIS
instance must be the same as the one used to configure the ISIS process (see
command :clicmd:`router isis WORD`). To enable IPv4, issue ``ip router isis
WORD``; to enable IPv6, issue ``ipv6 router isis WORD``.
.. clicmd:: isis circuit-type [level-1 | level-1-2 | level-2]
Configure circuit type for interface:
- level-1
Level-1 only adjacencies are formed
- level-1-2
Level-1-2 adjacencies are formed
- level-2-only
Level-2 only adjacencies are formed
.. clicmd:: isis csnp-interval (1-600) [level-1 | level-2]
Set CSNP interval in seconds globally, for an area (level-1) or a domain
(level-2).
.. clicmd:: isis hello padding
Add padding to IS-IS hello packets.
.. clicmd:: isis hello padding during-adjacency-formation
Add padding to IS-IS hello packets during adjacency formation only.
.. clicmd:: isis hello-interval (1-600) [level-1 | level-2]
Set Hello interval in seconds globally, for an area (level-1) or a domain
(level-2).
.. clicmd:: isis hello-multiplier (2-100) [level-1 | level-2]
Set multiplier for Hello holding time globally, for an area (level-1) or a
domain (level-2).
.. clicmd:: isis metric [(0-255) | (0-16777215)] [level-1 | level-2]
Set default metric value globally, for an area (level-1) or a domain
(level-2). Max value depend if metric support narrow or wide value (see
command :clicmd:`metric-style [narrow | transition | wide]`).
.. clicmd:: isis network point-to-point
Set network type to 'Point-to-Point' (broadcast by default).
.. clicmd:: isis passive
Configure the passive mode for this interface.
.. clicmd:: isis password [clear | md5] <password>
Configure the authentication password (clear or encoded text) for the
interface.
.. clicmd:: isis priority (0-127) [level-1 | level-2]
Set priority for Designated Router election, globally, for the area
(level-1) or the domain (level-2).
.. clicmd:: isis psnp-interval (1-120) [level-1 | level-2]
Set PSNP interval in seconds globally, for an area (level-1) or a domain
(level-2).
.. clicmd:: isis three-way-handshake
Enable or disable :rfc:`5303` Three-Way Handshake for P2P adjacencies.
Three-Way Handshake is enabled by default.
.. clicmd:: isis fast-reroute lfa [level-1 | level-2]
Enable per-prefix local LFA fast reroute link protection.
.. clicmd:: isis fast-reroute lfa [level-1 | level-2] exclude interface IFNAME
Exclude an interface from the local LFA backup nexthop computation.
.. clicmd:: isis fast-reroute remote-lfa tunnel mpls-ldp [level-1 | level-2]
Enable per-prefix Remote LFA fast reroute link protection. Note that other
routers in the network need to be configured to accept LDP targeted hello
messages in order for RLFA to work.
.. clicmd:: isis fast-reroute remote-lfa maximum-metric (1-16777215) [level-1 | level-2]
Limit Remote LFA PQ node selection within the specified metric.
.. clicmd:: isis fast-reroute ti-lfa [level-1|level-2] [node-protection [link-fallback]]
Enable per-prefix TI-LFA fast reroute link or node protection.
When node protection is used, option link-fallback enables the computation and use of
link-protecting LFAs for destinations unprotected by node protection.
.. _showing-isis-information:
Showing ISIS information
========================
.. clicmd:: show isis [vrf <NAME|all>] summary [json]
Show summary information about ISIS.
.. clicmd:: show isis hostname
Show information about ISIS node.
.. clicmd:: show isis [vrf <NAME|all>] interface [detail] [IFNAME] [json]
Show state and configuration of ISIS specified interface, or all interfaces
if no interface is given with or without details.
.. clicmd:: show isis [vrf <NAME|all>] neighbor [detail] [SYSTEMID] [json]
Show state and information of ISIS specified neighbor, or all neighbors if
no system id is given with or without details.
.. clicmd:: show isis [vrf <NAME|all>] database [detail] [LSPID] [json]
Show the ISIS database globally, for a specific LSP id without or with
details.
.. clicmd:: show isis topology [level-1|level-2] [algorithm (128-255)]
Show topology IS-IS paths to Intermediate Systems, globally, in area
(level-1) or domain (level-2).
.. clicmd:: show isis route [level-1|level-2] [prefix-sid|backup] [algorithm (128-255)]
Show the ISIS routing table, as determined by the most recent SPF
calculation.
.. clicmd:: show isis fast-reroute summary [level-1|level-2]
Show information about the number of prefixes having LFA protection,
and network-wide LFA coverage.
.. _isis-traffic-engineering:
Traffic Engineering
===================
.. note::
IS-IS-TE supports RFC 5305 (base TE), RFC 6119 (IPv6) and RFC 7810 / 8570
(Extended Metric) with or without Multi-Topology. All Traffic Engineering
information are stored in a database formally named TED. However, best
acccuracy is provided without Multi-Topology due to inconsistency of Traffic
Engineering Advertisement of 3rd party commercial routers when MT is enabled.
At this time, FRR offers partial support for some of the routing protocol
extensions that can be used with MPLS-TE. FRR does not currently support a
complete RSVP-TE solution.
.. clicmd:: mpls-te on
Enable Traffic Engineering LSP flooding.
.. clicmd:: mpls-te router-address <A.B.C.D>
Configure stable IP address for MPLS-TE.
.. clicmd:: mpls-te router-address ipv6 <X:X::X:X>
Configure stable IPv6 address for MPLS-TE.
.. clicmd:: mpls-te export
Export Traffic Engineering DataBase to other daemons through the ZAPI
Opaque Link State messages.
.. clicmd:: show isis mpls-te interface
.. clicmd:: show isis mpls-te interface INTERFACE
Show MPLS Traffic Engineering parameters for all or specified interface.
.. clicmd:: show isis mpls-te router
Show Traffic Engineering router parameters.
.. clicmd:: show isis [vrf <NAME|all>] mpls-te database [detail|json]
.. clicmd:: show isis [vrf <NAME|all>] mpls-te database vertex [WORD] [detail|json]
.. clicmd:: show isis [vrf <NAME|all>] mpls-te database edge [A.B.C.D|X:X::X:X] [detail|json]
.. clicmd:: show isis [vrf <NAME|all>] mpls-te database subnet [A.B.C.D/M|X:X::X:X/M] [detail|json]
Show Traffic Engineering Database
.. seealso::
:ref:`ospf-traffic-engineering`
.. _isis-segment-routing:
Segment Routing
===============
This is an EXPERIMENTAL support of Segment Routing as per RFC8667
for MPLS dataplane. It supports IPv4, IPv6 and ECMP and has been
tested against Cisco & Juniper routers.
Known limitations:
- No support for level redistribution (L1 to L2 or L2 to L1)
- No support for binding SID
- No support for SRMS
- No support for SRLB
- Only one SRGB and default SPF Algorithm is supported
.. clicmd:: segment-routing on
Enable Segment Routing.
.. clicmd:: segment-routing global-block (16-1048575) (16-1048575) [local-block (16-1048575) (16-1048575)]
Set the Segment Routing Global Block i.e. the label range used by MPLS
to store label in the MPLS FIB for Prefix SID. Note that the block size
may not exceed 65535. Optionally sets also the Segment Routing Local Block.
The negative command always unsets both.
.. clicmd:: segment-routing node-msd (1-16)
Set the Maximum Stack Depth supported by the router. The value depend of the
MPLS dataplane. E.g. for Linux kernel, since version 4.13 the maximum value
is 32.
.. clicmd:: segment-routing prefix <A.B.C.D/M|X:X::X:X/M> [algorithm (128-255)] <absolute (16-1048575)|index (0-65535) [no-php-flag|explicit-null] [n-flag-clear]
prefix. The 'no-php-flag' means NO Penultimate Hop Popping that allows SR
node to request to its neighbor to not pop the label. The 'explicit-null'
flag allows SR node to request to its neighbor to send IP packet with the
EXPLICIT-NULL label. The 'n-flag-clear' option can be used to explicitly
clear the Node flag that is set by default for Prefix-SIDs associated to
loopback addresses. This option is necessary to configure Anycast-SIDs.
.. clicmd:: show isis segment-routing node [algorithm (128-255)]
Show detailed information about all learned Segment Routing Nodes.
.. _isis-flex-algo:
Flex-Algos (Flex-Algo)
======================
*isisd* supports some features of
`RFC 9350 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc9350>`_ on an MPLS Segment-Routing
dataplane. The compatibility has been tested against Cisco.
IS-IS uses by default the `Shortest-Path-First` algorithm that basically
calculates paths based on the shortest total metric to the destinations.
Flex-Algo allows new algorithms to run in parallel to compute paths in different
manners, based on metrics (IGP metric or a new type of metrics such as Traffic
Engineering (TE) metric and minimum delay...) and constraints. New metric types
are not yet implemented but constraints are already operational. Constraints can
restrict paths to links with specific affinities or avoid links with specific
affinities. Combinations of these are also possible.
The administrator can configure up to 128 Flex-Algos in an IS-IS area.
To do so, it defines a set of Flex-Algo Definitions (FAD) which
have the following characteristics:
- a numeric identifier (ID) between 128 and 255 inclusive
- a set of constraints (basically, include or exclude a certain given set of
links, designated by a admin-group)
- the calculation type (only the `Shortest-Path-First` is currently supported)
- the metric type (only the IGP inherited metric type is currently supported)
- some additional flags (not supported for the moment).
A subset of routers advertises the Flex-Algo Definitions (FAD) to the other
routers within an area. In order to use a common set of FADs, each router runs a
FAD election process for each locally configured algorithm, using the following
rules:
- If a locally configured FAD is not advertised to the area, the router does not
participate in the particular flex algorithm.
- If a given flex algorithm is running, the participation in this particular
flex algorithm stops when its advertisements are over.
- A router includes its own FAD in the election process if and only if it is
advertised to the other routers.
- If only one router advertises the FAD, the FAD is elected.
- If several FADs are advertised with different priorities, the one with the
highest priority value is selected.
- If there are multiple advertisements of the FAD with the same highest
priority, the FAD of the router with the highest IS-IS system-ID is
selected.
Routers only use the specifications of the elected FAD regardless of the locally
configured definitions. If a router does not support one of the FAD
characteristics, it stops participating in the Flex-Algo.
For each running Flex-Algo, the Segment-Routing SIDs must be
configured with values unique to the algorithm. It allows routers to identify
which flex algorithm they must use for a given packet.
The following commands configure Flex-Algo at the 'router isis' configuration
level. Segment-Routing prefixes must be configured for the Flex-Algo.
.. clicmd:: flexible-algorithm (128-255)
Add a Flex-Algo Definition (FAD) and enter the FAD configuration
level. The algorithm ID value is in the range of 128 to 255 inclusive.
.. clicmd:: no flexible-algorithm (128-255)
Unconfigure a Flex-Algo Definition.
.. clicmd:: affinity-map NAME bit-position (0-255)
Add the specified 'affinity-map'. Affinity-map definitions are used in
FADs and in interfaces admin-group definition.
Affinity-maps format in advertisement TLVs use the extended admin-group
format defined in the RFC7308 section 2.2. The extended admin-group uses a
256 bits field. If an affinity-map is set, the bit at the extended
admin-group 'bit-position' is set 1, else it is set to 0.
The following commands configure Flex-Algo at the 'router isis' and
'flexible-algorithm (128-255)' configuration level.
.. clicmd:: advertise-definition
Advertise the current FAD to other IS-IS routers by using specific IS-IS
TLVs. By default, the definition is is not shared with other routers.
A router can advertise a FAD without participating in the Flex-Algo.
.. clicmd:: priority (0-255)
Set the specified 'priority' in the current FAD advertisements .
.. clicmd:: metric-type [igp|te|delay]
Set the 'metric-type' for the current FAD. 'igp' is
the default value and refers to the classic 'Shortest-Path-First' algorithm.
If the 'te' or the 'delay' metric is selected, the value is advertised but
the flex algorithm is disabled locally because these types are not currently
supported.
.. clicmd:: no metric-type
Reset the 'metric-type' to the default 'igp' metric.
.. clicmd:: affinity exclude-any NAME
Add the specified affinity to the list of exclude-any affinities. The
Flex-Algo will compute paths that exclude the segments with any of
the specified affinities.
.. clicmd:: no affinity exclude-any NAME
Remove the specified affinity to the list of exclude-any affinities.
.. clicmd:: affinity include-all NAME
Add the specified affinity to the list of include-all affinities. The
Flex-Algo will compute paths that include the segments with all
the specified affinities.
.. clicmd:: no affinity include-all NAME
Remove the specified affinity to the list of include-all affinities.
.. clicmd:: affinity include-any NAME
Add the specified affinity to the list of include-any affinities. The
Flex-Algo will compute paths that include the segments with any of
the specified affinities.
.. clicmd:: no affinity include-any NAME
Remove the specified affinity to the list of include-any affinities.
The following commands configure Flex-Algo at the 'interface' configuration
level.
.. clicmd:: isis affinity flex-algo NAME
Add the specified affinity to the interface.
.. clicmd:: no isis affinity flex-algo NAME
Remove the specified affinity from the interface.
The following command show Flex-Algo information:
.. clicmd:: show isis flex-algo [(128-255)]
Show information about the elected FADs
'show isis route', 'show isis topology' and 'show isis segment-routing node'
includes an 'algorithm (128-255)' optional argument. See
:ref:`showing-isis-information` and :ref:`isis-segment-routing`.
.. _isis-srv6:
Segment Routing over IPv6 (SRv6)
================================
This feature enables extensions in IS-IS to support Segment Routing over IPv6
data plane (SRv6) as per RFC 9352.
.. clicmd:: segment-routing srv6
Enable Segment Routing over IPv6 data plane (SRv6).
.. clicmd:: locator NAME
Specify the SRv6 locator to use for SRv6. The locator must be configured in
Zebra. Once the locator is configured, IS-IS automatically allocates prefix
SID and adjacency SIDs, creates local SID entries in the data plane, and
advertises them in the IGP domain.
.. clicmd:: interface NAME
Specify the dummy interface used to install SRv6 SIDs in the Linux data plane.
The interface must be created manually. By default, the interface is 'sr0'.
The interface can be created using the iproute2 utility:
.. code-block:: bash
ip link add sr0 type dummy
ip link set sr0 up
.. clicmd:: show isis segment-routing srv6 node
Show detailed information about all learned SRv6 Nodes.
Debugging ISIS
==============
.. clicmd:: debug isis adj-packets
IS-IS Adjacency related packets.
.. clicmd:: debug isis checksum-errors
IS-IS LSP checksum errors.
.. clicmd:: debug isis events
IS-IS Events.
.. clicmd:: debug isis local-updates
IS-IS local update packets.
.. clicmd:: debug isis packet-dump
IS-IS packet dump.
.. clicmd:: debug isis protocol-errors
IS-IS LSP protocol errors.
.. clicmd:: debug isis route-events
IS-IS Route related events.
.. clicmd:: debug isis snp-packets
IS-IS CSNP/PSNP packets.
.. clicmd:: debug isis spf-events
.. clicmd:: debug isis spf-statistics
.. clicmd:: debug isis spf-triggers
IS-IS Shortest Path First Events, Timing and Statistic Data and triggering
events.
.. clicmd:: debug isis update-packets
Update related packets.
.. clicmd:: debug isis te-events
IS-IS Traffic Engineering events
.. clicmd:: debug isis sr-events
IS-IS Segment Routing events.
.. clicmd:: debug isis lfa
IS-IS LFA events.
.. clicmd:: show debugging isis
Print which ISIS debug level is activate.
.. _isis-config-examples:
ISIS Configuration Examples
===========================
A simple example, with MD5 authentication enabled:
.. code-block:: frr
!
interface eth0
ip router isis FOO
isis network point-to-point
isis circuit-type level-2-only
!
router isis FOO
net 47.0023.0000.0000.0000.0000.0000.0000.1900.0004.00
metric-style wide
is-type level-2-only
A Traffic Engineering configuration, with Inter-ASv2 support.
First, the :file:`zebra.conf` part:
.. code-block:: frr
hostname HOSTNAME
password PASSWORD
log file /var/log/zebra.log
!
interface eth0
ip address 10.2.2.2/24
link-params
max-bw 1.25e+07
max-rsv-bw 1.25e+06
unrsv-bw 0 1.25e+06
unrsv-bw 1 1.25e+06
unrsv-bw 2 1.25e+06
unrsv-bw 3 1.25e+06
unrsv-bw 4 1.25e+06
unrsv-bw 5 1.25e+06
unrsv-bw 6 1.25e+06
unrsv-bw 7 1.25e+06
admin-grp 0xab
!
interface eth1
ip address 10.1.1.1/24
link-params
enable
metric 100
max-bw 1.25e+07
max-rsv-bw 1.25e+06
unrsv-bw 0 1.25e+06
unrsv-bw 1 1.25e+06
unrsv-bw 2 1.25e+06
unrsv-bw 3 1.25e+06
unrsv-bw 4 1.25e+06
unrsv-bw 5 1.25e+06
unrsv-bw 6 1.25e+06
unrsv-bw 7 1.25e+06
neighbor 10.1.1.2 as 65000
Then the :file:`isisd.conf` itself:
.. code-block:: frr
hostname HOSTNAME
password PASSWORD
log file /var/log/isisd.log
!
!
interface eth0
ip router isis FOO
!
interface eth1
ip router isis FOO
!
!
router isis FOO
isis net 47.0023.0000.0000.0000.0000.0000.0000.1900.0004.00
mpls-te on
mpls-te router-address 10.1.1.1
!
line vty
A Segment Routing configuration, with IPv4, IPv6, SRGB and MSD configuration.
.. code-block:: frr
hostname HOSTNAME
password PASSWORD
log file /var/log/isisd.log
!
!
interface eth0
ip router isis SR
isis network point-to-point
!
interface eth1
ip router isis SR
!
!
router isis SR
net 49.0000.0000.0000.0001.00
is-type level-1
topology ipv6-unicast
lsp-gen-interval 2
segment-routing on
segment-routing node-msd 8
segment-routing prefix 10.1.1.1/32 index 100 explicit-null
segment-routing prefix 2001:db8:1000::1/128 index 101 explicit-null
!
An SRv6 configuration:
.. code-block:: frr
hostname HOSTNAME
password PASSWORD
log file /var/log/isisd.log
!
!
interface eth0
ipv6 router isis FOO
ip router isis FOO
isis hello-interval 5
!
interface eth1
ip router isis FOO
!
!
router isis FOO
net 49.0001.1111.1111.1111.00
is-type level-2-only
metric-style wide
segment-routing srv6
locator loc1
!
line vty
.. _isis-vrf-config-examples:
ISIS Vrf Configuration Examples
===============================
A simple vrf example:
.. code-block:: frr
!
interface eth0 vrf RED
ip router isis FOO vrf RED
isis network point-to-point
isis circuit-type level-2-only
!
router isis FOO vrf RED
net 47.0023.0000.0000.0000.0000.0000.0000.1900.0004.00
metric-style wide
is-type level-2-only
|