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Handling SNMP Traps
===================
To handle snmp traps make sure your snmp setup of frr works correctly as
described in the frr documentation in :ref:`snmp-support`.
BGP handles both :rfc:`4273` and [Draft-IETF-idr-bgp4-mibv2-11]_ MIBs.
The BGP4 MIBs will send traps on peer up/down events. These should be
visible in your snmp logs with a message similar to:
::
snmpd[13733]: Got trap from peer on fd 14
To react on these traps they should be handled by a trapsink. Configure your
trapsink by adding the following lines to :file:`/etc/snmpd/snmpd.conf`:
::
# send traps to the snmptrapd on localhost
trapsink localhost
This will send all traps to an snmptrapd running on localhost. You can of
course also use a dedicated management station to catch traps. Configure the
snmptrapd daemon by adding the following line to
:file:`/etc/snmpd/snmptrapd.conf`:
::
traphandle .1.3.6.1.4.1.3317.1.2.2 /etc/snmp/snmptrap_handle.sh
This will use the bash script :file:`/etc/snmp/snmptrap_handle.sh` to handle
the BGP4 traps. To add traps for other protocol daemons, lookup their
appropriate OID from their mib. (For additional information about which traps
are supported by your mib, lookup the mib on
`http://www.oidview.com/mibs/detail.html <http://www.oidview.com/mibs/detail.html>`_).
Make sure *snmptrapd* is started.
The snmptrap_handle.sh script I personally use for handling BGP4 traps is
below. You can of course do all sorts of things when handling traps, like sound
a siren, have your display flash, etc., be creative ;).
.. code-block:: shell
#!/bin/bash
# routers name
ROUTER=`hostname -s`
#email address use to sent out notification
EMAILADDR="john@doe.com"
#email address used (allongside above) where warnings should be sent
EMAILADDR_WARN="sms-john@doe.com"
# type of notification
TYPE="Notice"
# local snmp community for getting AS belonging to peer
COMMUNITY="<community>"
# if a peer address is in $WARN_PEERS a warning should be sent
WARN_PEERS="192.0.2.1"
# get stdin
INPUT=`cat -`
# get some vars from stdin
uptime=`echo $INPUT | cut -d' ' -f5`
peer=`echo $INPUT | cut -d' ' -f8 | sed -e 's/SNMPv2-SMI::mib-2.15.3.1.14.//g'`
peerstate=`echo $INPUT | cut -d' ' -f13`
errorcode=`echo $INPUT | cut -d' ' -f9 | sed -e 's/\\"//g'`
suberrorcode=`echo $INPUT | cut -d' ' -f10 | sed -e 's/\\"//g'`
remoteas=`snmpget -v2c -c $COMMUNITY localhost SNMPv2-SMI::mib-2.15.3.1.9.$peer | cut -d' ' -f4`
WHOISINFO=`whois -h whois.ripe.net " -r AS$remoteas" | egrep '(as-name|descr)'`
asname=`echo "$WHOISINFO" | grep "^as-name:" | sed -e 's/^as-name://g' -e 's/ //g' -e 's/^ //g' | uniq`
asdescr=`echo "$WHOISINFO" | grep "^descr:" | sed -e 's/^descr://g' -e 's/ //g' -e 's/^ //g' | uniq`
# if peer address is in $WARN_PEER, the email should also
# be sent to $EMAILADDR_WARN
for ip in $WARN_PEERS; do
if [ "x$ip" == "x$peer" ]; then
EMAILADDR="$EMAILADDR,$EMAILADDR_WARN"
TYPE="WARNING"
break
fi
done
# convert peer state
case "$peerstate" in
1) peerstate="Idle" ;;
2) peerstate="Connect" ;;
3) peerstate="Active" ;;
4) peerstate="Opensent" ;;
5) peerstate="Openconfirm" ;;
6) peerstate="Established" ;;
*) peerstate="Unknown" ;;
esac
# get textual messages for errors
case "$errorcode" in
00)
error="No error"
suberror=""
;;
01)
error="Message Header Error"
case "$suberrorcode" in
01) suberror="Connection Not Synchronized" ;;
02) suberror="Bad Message Length" ;;
03) suberror="Bad Message Type" ;;
*) suberror="Unknown" ;;
esac
;;
02)
error="OPEN Message Error"
case "$suberrorcode" in
01) suberror="Unsupported Version Number" ;;
02) suberror="Bad Peer AS" ;;
03) suberror="Bad BGP Identifier" ;;
04) suberror="Unsupported Optional Parameter" ;;
05) suberror="Authentication Failure" ;;
06) suberror="Unacceptable Hold Time" ;;
*) suberror="Unknown" ;;
esac
;;
03)
error="UPDATE Message Error"
case "$suberrorcode" in
01) suberror="Malformed Attribute List" ;;
02) suberror="Unrecognized Well-known Attribute" ;;
03) suberror="Missing Well-known Attribute" ;;
04) suberror="Attribute Flags Error" ;;
05) suberror="Attribute Length Error" ;;
06) suberror="Invalid ORIGIN Attribute" ;;
07) suberror="AS Routing Loop" ;;
08) suberror="Invalid NEXT_HOP Attribute" ;;
09) suberror="Optional Attribute Error" ;;
10) suberror="Invalid Network Field" ;;
11) suberror="Malformed AS_PATH" ;;
*) suberror="Unknown" ;;
esac
;;
04)
error="Hold Timer Expired"
suberror=""
;;
05)
error="Finite State Machine Error"
suberror=""
;;
06)
error="Cease"
case "$suberrorcode" in
01) suberror="Maximum Number of Prefixes Reached" ;;
02) suberror="Administrative Shutdown" ;;
03) suberror="Peer De-configured" ;;
04) suberror="Administrative Reset" ;;
05) suberror="Connection Rejected" ;;
06) suberror="Other Configuration Change" ;;
07) suberror="Connection Collision Resolution" ;;
08) suberror="Out of Resources" ;;
09) suberror="MAX" ;;
*) suberror="Unknown" ;;
esac
;;
*)
error="Unknown"
suberror=""
;;
esac
# create textual message from errorcodes
if [ "x$suberror" == "x" ]; then
NOTIFY="$errorcode ($error)"
else
NOTIFY="$errorcode/$suberrorcode ($error/$suberror)"
fi
# form a decent subject
SUBJECT="$TYPE: $ROUTER [bgp] $peer is $peerstate: $NOTIFY"
# create the email body
MAIL=`cat << EOF
BGP notification on router $ROUTER.
Peer: $peer
AS: $remoteas
New state: $peerstate
Notification: $NOTIFY
Info:
$asname
$asdescr
Snmpd uptime: $uptime
EOF`
# mail the notification
echo "$MAIL" | mail -s "$SUBJECT" $EMAILADDR
.. _traps-mib-selection:
Traps Mib Selection in BGP
--------------------------
Both :rfc:`4273` and [Draft-IETF-idr-bgp4-mibv2-11]_ MIBs define traps for
dealing with up/down events and state transition. The user has the
possibility to select the MIB he wants to receive traps from:
.. clicmd:: bgp snmp traps <rfc4273|bgp4-mibv2>
By default, only rfc4273 traps are enabled and sent.
.. [Draft-IETF-idr-bgp4-mibv2-11] <https://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-ietf-idr-bgp4-mibv2-11.txt>
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