Adding upstream version 1.8.0.upstream/1.8.0upstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

66 files changed, 18107 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/.github/dependabot.yml b/.github/dependabot.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc5fa07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/dependabot.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+version: 2
+updates:
+- package-ecosystem: gomod
+  directory: /
+  schedule:
+    interval: weekly
+  open-pull-requests-limit: 99
+- package-ecosystem: github-actions
+  directory: /
+  schedule:
+    interval: weekly
+  open-pull-requests-limit: 99
diff --git a/.github/labeler.yml b/.github/labeler.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0f0bc3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/labeler.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# changes to documentation generation
+"area/docs-generation": doc/**/*
+
+# changes to the core cobra command
+"area/cobra-command":
+- any: ['./cobra.go', './cobra_test.go', './*command*.go']
+
+# changes made to command flags/args
+"area/flags": ./args*.go
+
+# changes to Github workflows
+"area/github": .github/**/*
+
+# changes to shell completions
+"area/shell-completion":
+  - ./*completions*
+
diff --git a/.github/workflows/labeler.yml b/.github/workflows/labeler.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..17f451f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/labeler.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+name: "Pull Request Labeler"
+on:
+- pull_request_target
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  triage:
+    permissions:
+      contents: read  # for actions/labeler to determine modified files
+      pull-requests: write  # for actions/labeler to add labels to PRs
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/labeler@v4
+      with:
+        repo-token: "${{ github.token }}"
+
diff --git a/.github/workflows/size-labeler.yml b/.github/workflows/size-labeler.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4c54d82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/size-labeler.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# Reference: https://github.com/CodelyTV/pr-size-labeler
+
+name: size-labeler
+
+on: [pull_request_target]
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  size-labeler:
+    permissions:
+      pull-requests: write  # for codelytv/pr-size-labeler to add labels & comment on PRs
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    name: Label the PR size
+    steps:
+      - uses: codelytv/pr-size-labeler@v1.8.1
+        with:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          xs_label: 'size/XS'
+          xs_max_size: '10'
+          s_label: 'size/S'
+          s_max_size: '24'
+          m_label: 'size/M'
+          m_max_size: '99'
+          l_label: 'size/L'
+          l_max_size: '200'
+          xl_label: 'size/XL'
+          fail_if_xl: 'false'
+          message_if_xl: >
+            'This PR exceeds the recommended size of 200 lines.
+            Please make sure you are NOT addressing multiple issues with one PR.
+            Note this PR might be rejected due to its size.’
diff --git a/.github/workflows/test.yml b/.github/workflows/test.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a924532
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/test.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+name: Test
+
+on:
+  push:
+  pull_request:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+env:
+  GO111MODULE: on
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+
+
+  lic-headers:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - run: >-
+          docker run
+          -v $(pwd):/wrk -w /wrk
+          ghcr.io/google/addlicense
+          -c 'The Cobra Authors'
+          -y '2013-2023'
+          -l apache
+          -ignore '.github/**'
+          -check
+          .
+
+
+  golangci-lint:
+    permissions:
+      contents: read  # for actions/checkout to fetch code
+      pull-requests: read  # for golangci/golangci-lint-action to fetch pull requests
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v4
+        with:
+          go-version: '^1.21'
+          check-latest: true
+          cache: true
+
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v3.7.0
+        with:
+          version: latest
+          args: --verbose
+
+
+  test-unix:
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        platform:
+        - ubuntu
+        - macOS
+        go:
+        - 17
+        - 18
+        - 19
+        - 20
+        - 21
+    name: '${{ matrix.platform }} | 1.${{ matrix.go }}.x'
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.platform }}-latest
+    steps:
+
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+    - uses: actions/setup-go@v4
+      with:
+        go-version: 1.${{ matrix.go }}.x
+        cache: true
+
+    - run: |
+        export GOBIN=$HOME/go/bin
+        go install github.com/kyoh86/richgo@latest
+        go install github.com/mitchellh/gox@latest
+
+    - run: RICHGO_FORCE_COLOR=1 PATH=$HOME/go/bin/:$PATH make richtest
+
+
+  test-win:
+    name: MINGW64
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        shell: msys2 {0}
+    runs-on: windows-latest
+    steps:
+
+    - shell: bash
+      run: git config --global core.autocrlf input
+
+    - uses: msys2/setup-msys2@v2
+      with:
+        msystem: MINGW64
+        update: true
+        install: >
+          git
+          make
+          unzip
+          mingw-w64-x86_64-go
+
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+    - uses: actions/cache@v3
+      with:
+        path: ~/go/pkg/mod
+        key: ${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.go }}-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
+        restore-keys: ${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.go }}-
+
+    - run: |
+        export GOBIN=$HOME/go/bin
+        go install github.com/kyoh86/richgo@latest
+        go install github.com/mitchellh/gox@latest
+
+    - run: RICHGO_FORCE_COLOR=1 PATH=$HOME/go/bin:$PATH make richtest
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c7b459e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# Compiled Object files, Static and Dynamic libs (Shared Objects)
+*.o
+*.a
+*.so
+
+# Folders
+_obj
+_test
+
+# Architecture specific extensions/prefixes
+*.[568vq]
+[568vq].out
+
+*.cgo1.go
+*.cgo2.c
+_cgo_defun.c
+_cgo_gotypes.go
+_cgo_export.*
+
+_testmain.go
+
+# Vim files https://github.com/github/gitignore/blob/master/Global/Vim.gitignore
+# swap
+[._]*.s[a-w][a-z]
+[._]s[a-w][a-z]
+# session
+Session.vim
+# temporary
+.netrwhist
+*~
+# auto-generated tag files
+tags
+
+*.exe
+cobra.test
+bin
+
+.idea/
+*.iml
diff --git a/.golangci.yml b/.golangci.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a618ec2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.golangci.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+run:
+  deadline: 5m
+
+linters:
+  disable-all: true
+  enable:
+    #- bodyclose
+    # - deadcode ! deprecated since v1.49.0; replaced by 'unused'
+    #- depguard
+    #- dogsled
+    #- dupl
+    - errcheck
+    #- exhaustive
+    #- funlen
+    - gas
+    #- gochecknoinits
+    - goconst
+    #- gocritic
+    #- gocyclo
+    #- gofmt
+    - goimports
+    - golint
+    #- gomnd
+    #- goprintffuncname
+    #- gosec
+    #- gosimple
+    - govet
+    - ineffassign
+    - interfacer
+    #- lll
+    - maligned
+    - megacheck
+    #- misspell
+    #- nakedret
+    #- noctx
+    #- nolintlint
+    #- rowserrcheck
+    #- scopelint
+    #- staticcheck
+    #- structcheck ! deprecated since v1.49.0; replaced by 'unused'
+    #- stylecheck
+    #- typecheck
+    - unconvert
+    #- unparam
+    - unused
+    # - varcheck ! deprecated since v1.49.0; replaced by 'unused'
+    #- whitespace
+  fast: false
diff --git a/.mailmap b/.mailmap
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..94ec530
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.mailmap
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Steve Francia <steve.francia@gmail.com>
+Bjørn Erik Pedersen <bjorn.erik.pedersen@gmail.com>
+Fabiano Franz <ffranz@redhat.com>                   <contact@fabianofranz.com>
diff --git a/CONDUCT.md b/CONDUCT.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9d16f88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/CONDUCT.md
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+## Cobra User Contract
+
+### Versioning
+Cobra will follow a steady release cadence. Non breaking changes will be released as minor versions quarterly. Patch bug releases are at the discretion of the maintainers. Users can expect security patch fixes to be released within relatively short order of a CVE becoming known. For more information on security patch fixes see the CVE section below. Releases will follow [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/). Users tracking the Master branch should expect unpredictable breaking changes as the project continues to move forward. For stability, it is highly recommended to use a release.
+
+### Backward Compatibility
+We will maintain two major releases in a moving window. The N-1 release will only receive bug fixes and security updates and will be dropped once N+1 is released.
+
+### Deprecation
+Deprecation of Go versions or dependent packages will only occur in major releases. To reduce the change of this taking users by surprise, any large deprecation will be preceded by an announcement in the [#cobra slack channel](https://gophers.slack.com/archives/CD3LP1199) and an Issue on Github.
+
+### CVE
+Maintainers will make every effort to release security patches in the case of a medium to high severity CVE directly impacting the library. The speed in which these patches reach a release is up to the discretion of the maintainers. A low severity CVE may be a lower priority than a high severity one.
+
+### Communication
+Cobra maintainers will use GitHub issues and the [#cobra slack channel](https://gophers.slack.com/archives/CD3LP1199) as the primary means of communication with the community. This is to foster open communication with all users and contributors.
+
+### Breaking Changes
+Breaking changes are generally allowed in the master branch, as this is the branch used to develop the next release of Cobra.
+
+There may be times, however, when master is closed for breaking changes. This is likely to happen as we near the release of a new version.
+
+Breaking changes are not allowed in release branches, as these represent minor versions that have already been released. These version have consumers who expect the APIs, behaviors, etc, to remain stable during the lifetime of the patch stream for the minor release.
+
+Examples of breaking changes include:
+- Removing or renaming exported constant, variable, type, or function.
+- Updating the version of critical libraries such as `spf13/pflag`, `spf13/viper` etc...
+  - Some version updates may be acceptable for picking up bug fixes, but maintainers must exercise caution when reviewing.
+
+There may, at times, need to be exceptions where breaking changes are allowed in release branches. These are at the discretion of the project's maintainers, and must be carefully considered before merging.
+
+### CI Testing
+Maintainers will ensure the Cobra test suite utilizes the current supported versions of Golang.
+
+### Disclaimer
+Changes to this document and the contents therein are at the discretion of the maintainers.
+None of the contents of this document are legally binding in any way to the maintainers or the users.
diff --git a/CONTRIBUTING.md b/CONTRIBUTING.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6f356e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+# Contributing to Cobra
+
+Thank you so much for contributing to Cobra. We appreciate your time and help.
+Here are some guidelines to help you get started.
+
+## Code of Conduct
+
+Be kind and respectful to the members of the community. Take time to educate
+others who are seeking help. Harassment of any kind will not be tolerated.
+
+## Questions
+
+If you have questions regarding Cobra, feel free to ask it in the community
+[#cobra Slack channel][cobra-slack]
+
+## Filing a bug or feature
+
+1. Before filing an issue, please check the existing issues to see if a
+   similar one was already opened. If there is one already opened, feel free
+   to comment on it.
+1. If you believe you've found a bug, please provide detailed steps of
+   reproduction, the version of Cobra and anything else you believe will be
+   useful to help troubleshoot it (e.g. OS environment, environment variables,
+   etc...). Also state the current behavior vs. the expected behavior.
+1. If you'd like to see a feature or an enhancement please open an issue with
+   a clear title and description of what the feature is and why it would be
+   beneficial to the project and its users.
+
+## Submitting changes
+
+1. CLA: Upon submitting a Pull Request (PR), contributors will be prompted to
+   sign a CLA. Please sign the CLA :slightly_smiling_face:
+1. Tests: If you are submitting code, please ensure you have adequate tests
+   for the feature. Tests can be run via `go test ./...` or `make test`.
+1. Since this is golang project, ensure the new code is properly formatted to
+   ensure code consistency. Run `make all`.
+
+### Quick steps to contribute
+
+1. Fork the project.
+1. Download your fork to your PC (`git clone https://github.com/your_username/cobra && cd cobra`)
+1. Create your feature branch (`git checkout -b my-new-feature`)
+1. Make changes and run tests (`make test`)
+1. Add them to staging (`git add .`)
+1. Commit your changes (`git commit -m 'Add some feature'`)
+1. Push to the branch (`git push origin my-new-feature`)
+1. Create new pull request
+
+<!-- Links -->
+[cobra-slack]: https://gophers.slack.com/archives/CD3LP1199
diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..298f0e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/LICENSE.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+                                Apache License
+                           Version 2.0, January 2004
+                        http://www.apache.org/licenses/
+
+   TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
+
+   1. Definitions.
+
+      "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction,
+      and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document.
+
+      "Licensor" shall mean the copyright owner or entity authorized by
+      the copyright owner that is granting the License.
+
+      "Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all
+      other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common
+      control with that entity. For the purposes of this definition,
+      "control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the
+      direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or
+      otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the
+      outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.
+
+      "You" (or "Your") shall mean an individual or Legal Entity
+      exercising permissions granted by this License.
+
+      "Source" form shall mean the preferred form for making modifications,
+      including but not limited to software source code, documentation
+      source, and configuration files.
+
+      "Object" form shall mean any form resulting from mechanical
+      transformation or translation of a Source form, including but
+      not limited to compiled object code, generated documentation,
+      and conversions to other media types.
+
+      "Work" shall mean the work of authorship, whether in Source or
+      Object form, made available under the License, as indicated by a
+      copyright notice that is included in or attached to the work
+      (an example is provided in the Appendix below).
+
+      "Derivative Works" shall mean any work, whether in Source or Object
+      form, that is based on (or derived from) the Work and for which the
+      editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications
+      represent, as a whole, an original work of authorship. For the purposes
+      of this License, Derivative Works shall not include works that remain
+      separable from, or merely link (or bind by name) to the interfaces of,
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+      "Contribution" shall mean any work of authorship, including
+      the original version of the Work and any modifications or additions
+      to that Work or Derivative Works thereof, that is intentionally
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+      communication on electronic mailing lists, source code control systems,
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+   2. Grant of Copyright License. Subject to the terms and conditions of
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+   5. Submission of Contributions. Unless You explicitly state otherwise,
+      any Contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the Work
+      by You to the Licensor shall be under the terms and conditions of
+      this License, without any additional terms or conditions.
+      Notwithstanding the above, nothing herein shall supersede or modify
+      the terms of any separate license agreement you may have executed
+      with Licensor regarding such Contributions.
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+   6. Trademarks. This License does not grant permission to use the trade
+      names, trademarks, service marks, or product names of the Licensor,
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+   7. Disclaimer of Warranty. Unless required by applicable law or
+      agreed to in writing, Licensor provides the Work (and each
+      Contributor provides its Contributions) on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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+   8. Limitation of Liability. In no event and under no legal theory,
+      whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise,
+      unless required by applicable law (such as deliberate and grossly
+      negligent acts) or agreed to in writing, shall any Contributor be
+      liable to You for damages, including any direct, indirect, special,
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+   9. Accepting Warranty or Additional Liability. While redistributing
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diff --git a/MAINTAINERS b/MAINTAINERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4c5ac3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/MAINTAINERS
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+maintainers:
+- spf13
+- johnSchnake
+- jpmcb
+- marckhouzam
+inactive:
+- anthonyfok
+- bep
+- bogem
+- broady
+- eparis
+- jharshman
+- wfernandes
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0da8d7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+BIN="./bin"
+SRC=$(shell find . -name "*.go")
+
+ifeq (, $(shell which golangci-lint))
+$(warning "could not find golangci-lint in $(PATH), run: curl -sfL https://install.goreleaser.com/github.com/golangci/golangci-lint.sh | sh")
+endif
+
+.PHONY: fmt lint test install_deps clean
+
+default: all
+
+all: fmt test
+
+fmt:
+	$(info ******************** checking formatting ********************)
+	@test -z $(shell gofmt -l $(SRC)) || (gofmt -d $(SRC); exit 1)
+
+lint:
+	$(info ******************** running lint tools ********************)
+	golangci-lint run -v
+
+test: install_deps
+	$(info ******************** running tests ********************)
+	go test -v ./...
+
+richtest: install_deps
+	$(info ******************** running tests with kyoh86/richgo ********************)
+	richgo test -v ./...
+
+install_deps:
+	$(info ******************** downloading dependencies ********************)
+	go get -v ./...
+
+clean:
+	rm -rf $(BIN)
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6444f4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+![cobra logo](assets/CobraMain.png)
+
+Cobra is a library for creating powerful modern CLI applications.
+
+Cobra is used in many Go projects such as [Kubernetes](https://kubernetes.io/),
+[Hugo](https://gohugo.io), and [GitHub CLI](https://github.com/cli/cli) to
+name a few. [This list](site/content/projects_using_cobra.md) contains a more extensive list of projects using Cobra.
+
+[![](https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/spf13/cobra/test.yml?branch=main&longCache=true&label=Test&logo=github%20actions&logoColor=fff)](https://github.com/spf13/cobra/actions?query=workflow%3ATest)
+[![Go Reference](https://pkg.go.dev/badge/github.com/spf13/cobra.svg)](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/spf13/cobra)
+[![Go Report Card](https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/spf13/cobra)](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/spf13/cobra)
+[![Slack](https://img.shields.io/badge/Slack-cobra-brightgreen)](https://gophers.slack.com/archives/CD3LP1199)
+
+# Overview
+
+Cobra is a library providing a simple interface to create powerful modern CLI
+interfaces similar to git & go tools.
+
+Cobra provides:
+* Easy subcommand-based CLIs: `app server`, `app fetch`, etc.
+* Fully POSIX-compliant flags (including short & long versions)
+* Nested subcommands
+* Global, local and cascading flags
+* Intelligent suggestions (`app srver`... did you mean `app server`?)
+* Automatic help generation for commands and flags
+* Grouping help for subcommands
+* Automatic help flag recognition of `-h`, `--help`, etc.
+* Automatically generated shell autocomplete for your application (bash, zsh, fish, powershell)
+* Automatically generated man pages for your application
+* Command aliases so you can change things without breaking them
+* The flexibility to define your own help, usage, etc.
+* Optional seamless integration with [viper](https://github.com/spf13/viper) for 12-factor apps
+
+# Concepts
+
+Cobra is built on a structure of commands, arguments & flags.
+
+**Commands** represent actions, **Args** are things and **Flags** are modifiers for those actions.
+
+The best applications read like sentences when used, and as a result, users
+intuitively know how to interact with them.
+
+The pattern to follow is
+`APPNAME VERB NOUN --ADJECTIVE`
+    or
+`APPNAME COMMAND ARG --FLAG`.
+
+A few good real world examples may better illustrate this point.
+
+In the following example, 'server' is a command, and 'port' is a flag:
+
+    hugo server --port=1313
+
+In this command we are telling Git to clone the url bare.
+
+    git clone URL --bare
+
+## Commands
+
+Command is the central point of the application. Each interaction that
+the application supports will be contained in a Command. A command can
+have children commands and optionally run an action.
+
+In the example above, 'server' is the command.
+
+[More about cobra.Command](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/spf13/cobra#Command)
+
+## Flags
+
+A flag is a way to modify the behavior of a command. Cobra supports
+fully POSIX-compliant flags as well as the Go [flag package](https://golang.org/pkg/flag/).
+A Cobra command can define flags that persist through to children commands
+and flags that are only available to that command.
+
+In the example above, 'port' is the flag.
+
+Flag functionality is provided by the [pflag
+library](https://github.com/spf13/pflag), a fork of the flag standard library
+which maintains the same interface while adding POSIX compliance.
+
+# Installing
+Using Cobra is easy. First, use `go get` to install the latest version
+of the library.
+
+```
+go get -u github.com/spf13/cobra@latest
+```
+
+Next, include Cobra in your application:
+
+```go
+import "github.com/spf13/cobra"
+```
+
+# Usage
+`cobra-cli` is a command line program to generate cobra applications and command files.
+It will bootstrap your application scaffolding to rapidly
+develop a Cobra-based application. It is the easiest way to incorporate Cobra into your application.
+
+It can be installed by running:
+
+```
+go install github.com/spf13/cobra-cli@latest
+```
+
+For complete details on using the Cobra-CLI generator, please read [The Cobra Generator README](https://github.com/spf13/cobra-cli/blob/main/README.md)
+
+For complete details on using the Cobra library, please read the [The Cobra User Guide](site/content/user_guide.md).
+
+# License
+
+Cobra is released under the Apache 2.0 license. See [LICENSE.txt](LICENSE.txt)
diff --git a/active_help.go b/active_help.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5f965e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/active_help.go
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cobra
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"regexp"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+const (
+	activeHelpMarker = "_activeHelp_ "
+	// The below values should not be changed: programs will be using them explicitly
+	// in their user documentation, and users will be using them explicitly.
+	activeHelpEnvVarSuffix  = "_ACTIVE_HELP"
+	activeHelpGlobalEnvVar  = "COBRA_ACTIVE_HELP"
+	activeHelpGlobalDisable = "0"
+)
+
+var activeHelpEnvVarPrefixSubstRegexp = regexp.MustCompile(`[^A-Z0-9_]`)
+
+// AppendActiveHelp adds the specified string to the specified array to be used as ActiveHelp.
+// Such strings will be processed by the completion script and will be shown as ActiveHelp
+// to the user.
+// The array parameter should be the array that will contain the completions.
+// This function can be called multiple times before and/or after completions are added to
+// the array.  Each time this function is called with the same array, the new
+// ActiveHelp line will be shown below the previous ones when completion is triggered.
+func AppendActiveHelp(compArray []string, activeHelpStr string) []string {
+	return append(compArray, fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", activeHelpMarker, activeHelpStr))
+}
+
+// GetActiveHelpConfig returns the value of the ActiveHelp environment variable
+// <PROGRAM>_ACTIVE_HELP where <PROGRAM> is the name of the root command in upper
+// case, with all non-ASCII-alphanumeric characters replaced by `_`.
+// It will always return "0" if the global environment variable COBRA_ACTIVE_HELP
+// is set to "0".
+func GetActiveHelpConfig(cmd *Command) string {
+	activeHelpCfg := os.Getenv(activeHelpGlobalEnvVar)
+	if activeHelpCfg != activeHelpGlobalDisable {
+		activeHelpCfg = os.Getenv(activeHelpEnvVar(cmd.Root().Name()))
+	}
+	return activeHelpCfg
+}
+
+// activeHelpEnvVar returns the name of the program-specific ActiveHelp environment
+// variable.  It has the format <PROGRAM>_ACTIVE_HELP where <PROGRAM> is the name of the
+// root command in upper case, with all non-ASCII-alphanumeric characters replaced by `_`.
+func activeHelpEnvVar(name string) string {
+	// This format should not be changed: users will be using it explicitly.
+	activeHelpEnvVar := strings.ToUpper(fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", name, activeHelpEnvVarSuffix))
+	activeHelpEnvVar = activeHelpEnvVarPrefixSubstRegexp.ReplaceAllString(activeHelpEnvVar, "_")
+	return activeHelpEnvVar
+}
diff --git a/active_help_test.go b/active_help_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2d62479
--- /dev/null
+++ b/active_help_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,400 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cobra
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+const (
+	activeHelpMessage  = "This is an activeHelp message"
+	activeHelpMessage2 = "This is the rest of the activeHelp message"
+)
+
+func TestActiveHelpAlone(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+
+	activeHelpFunc := func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		comps := AppendActiveHelp(nil, activeHelpMessage)
+		return comps, ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+	}
+
+	// Test that activeHelp can be added to a root command
+	rootCmd.ValidArgsFunction = activeHelpFunc
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", activeHelpMarker, activeHelpMessage),
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	rootCmd.ValidArgsFunction = nil
+
+	// Test that activeHelp can be added to a child command
+	childCmd := &Command{
+		Use:   "thechild",
+		Short: "The child command",
+		Run:   emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	childCmd.ValidArgsFunction = activeHelpFunc
+
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "thechild", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", activeHelpMarker, activeHelpMessage),
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestActiveHelpWithComps(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+
+	childCmd := &Command{
+		Use:   "thechild",
+		Short: "The child command",
+		Run:   emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	// Test that activeHelp can be added following other completions
+	childCmd.ValidArgsFunction = func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		comps := []string{"first", "second"}
+		comps = AppendActiveHelp(comps, activeHelpMessage)
+		return comps, ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+	}
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "thechild", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"first",
+		"second",
+		fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", activeHelpMarker, activeHelpMessage),
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that activeHelp can be added preceding other completions
+	childCmd.ValidArgsFunction = func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		var comps []string
+		comps = AppendActiveHelp(comps, activeHelpMessage)
+		comps = append(comps, []string{"first", "second"}...)
+		return comps, ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+	}
+
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "thechild", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", activeHelpMarker, activeHelpMessage),
+		"first",
+		"second",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that activeHelp can be added interleaved with other completions
+	childCmd.ValidArgsFunction = func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		comps := []string{"first"}
+		comps = AppendActiveHelp(comps, activeHelpMessage)
+		comps = append(comps, "second")
+		return comps, ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+	}
+
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "thechild", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"first",
+		fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", activeHelpMarker, activeHelpMessage),
+		"second",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMultiActiveHelp(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+
+	childCmd := &Command{
+		Use:   "thechild",
+		Short: "The child command",
+		Run:   emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	// Test that multiple activeHelp message can be added
+	childCmd.ValidArgsFunction = func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		comps := AppendActiveHelp(nil, activeHelpMessage)
+		comps = AppendActiveHelp(comps, activeHelpMessage2)
+		return comps, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+	}
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "thechild", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", activeHelpMarker, activeHelpMessage),
+		fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", activeHelpMarker, activeHelpMessage2),
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that multiple activeHelp messages can be used along with completions
+	childCmd.ValidArgsFunction = func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		comps := []string{"first"}
+		comps = AppendActiveHelp(comps, activeHelpMessage)
+		comps = append(comps, "second")
+		comps = AppendActiveHelp(comps, activeHelpMessage2)
+		return comps, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+	}
+
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "thechild", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"first",
+		fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", activeHelpMarker, activeHelpMessage),
+		"second",
+		fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", activeHelpMarker, activeHelpMessage2),
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestActiveHelpForFlag(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+	flagname := "flag"
+	rootCmd.Flags().String(flagname, "", "A flag")
+
+	// Test that multiple activeHelp message can be added
+	_ = rootCmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc(flagname, func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		comps := []string{"first"}
+		comps = AppendActiveHelp(comps, activeHelpMessage)
+		comps = append(comps, "second")
+		comps = AppendActiveHelp(comps, activeHelpMessage2)
+		return comps, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+	})
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "--flag", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"first",
+		fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", activeHelpMarker, activeHelpMessage),
+		"second",
+		fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", activeHelpMarker, activeHelpMessage2),
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestConfigActiveHelp(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+
+	childCmd := &Command{
+		Use:   "thechild",
+		Short: "The child command",
+		Run:   emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	activeHelpCfg := "someconfig,anotherconfig"
+	// Set the variable that the user would be setting
+	os.Setenv(activeHelpEnvVar(rootCmd.Name()), activeHelpCfg)
+
+	childCmd.ValidArgsFunction = func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		receivedActiveHelpCfg := GetActiveHelpConfig(cmd)
+		if receivedActiveHelpCfg != activeHelpCfg {
+			t.Errorf("expected activeHelpConfig: %q, but got: %q", activeHelpCfg, receivedActiveHelpCfg)
+		}
+		return nil, ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+	}
+
+	_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "thechild", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Test active help config for a flag
+	activeHelpCfg = "a config for a flag"
+	// Set the variable that the completions scripts will be setting
+	os.Setenv(activeHelpEnvVar(rootCmd.Name()), activeHelpCfg)
+
+	flagname := "flag"
+	childCmd.Flags().String(flagname, "", "A flag")
+
+	// Test that multiple activeHelp message can be added
+	_ = childCmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc(flagname, func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		receivedActiveHelpCfg := GetActiveHelpConfig(cmd)
+		if receivedActiveHelpCfg != activeHelpCfg {
+			t.Errorf("expected activeHelpConfig: %q, but got: %q", activeHelpCfg, receivedActiveHelpCfg)
+		}
+		return nil, ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+	})
+
+	_, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "thechild", "--flag", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDisableActiveHelp(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+
+	childCmd := &Command{
+		Use:   "thechild",
+		Short: "The child command",
+		Run:   emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	// Test the disabling of activeHelp using the specific program
+	// environment variable that the completions scripts will be setting.
+	// Make sure the disabling value is "0" by hard-coding it in the tests;
+	// this is for backwards-compatibility as programs will be using this value.
+	os.Setenv(activeHelpEnvVar(rootCmd.Name()), "0")
+
+	childCmd.ValidArgsFunction = func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		comps := []string{"first"}
+		comps = AppendActiveHelp(comps, activeHelpMessage)
+		return comps, ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+	}
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "thechild", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	os.Unsetenv(activeHelpEnvVar(rootCmd.Name()))
+
+	// Make sure there is no ActiveHelp in the output
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"first",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Now test the global disabling of ActiveHelp
+	os.Setenv(activeHelpGlobalEnvVar, "0")
+	// Set the specific variable, to make sure it is ignored when the global env
+	// var is set properly
+	os.Setenv(activeHelpEnvVar(rootCmd.Name()), "1")
+
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "thechild", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Make sure there is no ActiveHelp in the output
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"first",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Make sure that if the global env variable is set to anything else than
+	// the disable value it is ignored
+	os.Setenv(activeHelpGlobalEnvVar, "on")
+	// Set the specific variable, to make sure it is used (while ignoring the global env var)
+	activeHelpCfg := "1"
+	os.Setenv(activeHelpEnvVar(rootCmd.Name()), activeHelpCfg)
+
+	childCmd.ValidArgsFunction = func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		receivedActiveHelpCfg := GetActiveHelpConfig(cmd)
+		if receivedActiveHelpCfg != activeHelpCfg {
+			t.Errorf("expected activeHelpConfig: %q, but got: %q", activeHelpCfg, receivedActiveHelpCfg)
+		}
+		return nil, ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+	}
+
+	_, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "thechild", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/args.go b/args.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e79ec33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/args.go
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cobra
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+type PositionalArgs func(cmd *Command, args []string) error
+
+// legacyArgs validation has the following behaviour:
+// - root commands with no subcommands can take arbitrary arguments
+// - root commands with subcommands will do subcommand validity checking
+// - subcommands will always accept arbitrary arguments
+func legacyArgs(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
+	// no subcommand, always take args
+	if !cmd.HasSubCommands() {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// root command with subcommands, do subcommand checking.
+	if !cmd.HasParent() && len(args) > 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unknown command %q for %q%s", args[0], cmd.CommandPath(), cmd.findSuggestions(args[0]))
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// NoArgs returns an error if any args are included.
+func NoArgs(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
+	if len(args) > 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unknown command %q for %q", args[0], cmd.CommandPath())
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// OnlyValidArgs returns an error if there are any positional args that are not in
+// the `ValidArgs` field of `Command`
+func OnlyValidArgs(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
+	if len(cmd.ValidArgs) > 0 {
+		// Remove any description that may be included in ValidArgs.
+		// A description is following a tab character.
+		var validArgs []string
+		for _, v := range cmd.ValidArgs {
+			validArgs = append(validArgs, strings.Split(v, "\t")[0])
+		}
+		for _, v := range args {
+			if !stringInSlice(v, validArgs) {
+				return fmt.Errorf("invalid argument %q for %q%s", v, cmd.CommandPath(), cmd.findSuggestions(args[0]))
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// ArbitraryArgs never returns an error.
+func ArbitraryArgs(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+// MinimumNArgs returns an error if there is not at least N args.
+func MinimumNArgs(n int) PositionalArgs {
+	return func(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
+		if len(args) < n {
+			return fmt.Errorf("requires at least %d arg(s), only received %d", n, len(args))
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+// MaximumNArgs returns an error if there are more than N args.
+func MaximumNArgs(n int) PositionalArgs {
+	return func(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
+		if len(args) > n {
+			return fmt.Errorf("accepts at most %d arg(s), received %d", n, len(args))
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+// ExactArgs returns an error if there are not exactly n args.
+func ExactArgs(n int) PositionalArgs {
+	return func(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
+		if len(args) != n {
+			return fmt.Errorf("accepts %d arg(s), received %d", n, len(args))
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+// RangeArgs returns an error if the number of args is not within the expected range.
+func RangeArgs(min int, max int) PositionalArgs {
+	return func(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
+		if len(args) < min || len(args) > max {
+			return fmt.Errorf("accepts between %d and %d arg(s), received %d", min, max, len(args))
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+// MatchAll allows combining several PositionalArgs to work in concert.
+func MatchAll(pargs ...PositionalArgs) PositionalArgs {
+	return func(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
+		for _, parg := range pargs {
+			if err := parg(cmd, args); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+// ExactValidArgs returns an error if there are not exactly N positional args OR
+// there are any positional args that are not in the `ValidArgs` field of `Command`
+//
+// Deprecated: use MatchAll(ExactArgs(n), OnlyValidArgs) instead
+func ExactValidArgs(n int) PositionalArgs {
+	return MatchAll(ExactArgs(n), OnlyValidArgs)
+}
diff --git a/args_test.go b/args_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..90d174c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/args_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,541 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cobra
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func getCommand(args PositionalArgs, withValid bool) *Command {
+	c := &Command{
+		Use:  "c",
+		Args: args,
+		Run:  emptyRun,
+	}
+	if withValid {
+		c.ValidArgs = []string{"one", "two", "three"}
+	}
+	return c
+}
+
+func expectSuccess(output string, err error, t *testing.T) {
+	if output != "" {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func validOnlyWithInvalidArgs(err error, t *testing.T) {
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Expected an error")
+	}
+	got := err.Error()
+	expected := `invalid argument "a" for "c"`
+	if got != expected {
+		t.Errorf("Expected: %q, got: %q", expected, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func noArgsWithArgs(err error, t *testing.T, arg string) {
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Expected an error")
+	}
+	got := err.Error()
+	expected := `unknown command "` + arg + `" for "c"`
+	if got != expected {
+		t.Errorf("Expected: %q, got: %q", expected, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func minimumNArgsWithLessArgs(err error, t *testing.T) {
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Expected an error")
+	}
+	got := err.Error()
+	expected := "requires at least 2 arg(s), only received 1"
+	if got != expected {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected %q, got %q", expected, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func maximumNArgsWithMoreArgs(err error, t *testing.T) {
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Expected an error")
+	}
+	got := err.Error()
+	expected := "accepts at most 2 arg(s), received 3"
+	if got != expected {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected %q, got %q", expected, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func exactArgsWithInvalidCount(err error, t *testing.T) {
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Expected an error")
+	}
+	got := err.Error()
+	expected := "accepts 2 arg(s), received 3"
+	if got != expected {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected %q, got %q", expected, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func rangeArgsWithInvalidCount(err error, t *testing.T) {
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Expected an error")
+	}
+	got := err.Error()
+	expected := "accepts between 2 and 4 arg(s), received 1"
+	if got != expected {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected %q, got %q", expected, got)
+	}
+}
+
+// NoArgs
+
+func TestNoArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(NoArgs, false)
+	output, err := executeCommand(c)
+	expectSuccess(output, err, t)
+}
+
+func TestNoArgs_WithArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(NoArgs, false)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "one")
+	noArgsWithArgs(err, t, "one")
+}
+
+func TestNoArgs_WithValid_WithArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(NoArgs, true)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "one")
+	noArgsWithArgs(err, t, "one")
+}
+
+func TestNoArgs_WithValid_WithInvalidArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(NoArgs, true)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "a")
+	noArgsWithArgs(err, t, "a")
+}
+
+func TestNoArgs_WithValidOnly_WithInvalidArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(MatchAll(OnlyValidArgs, NoArgs), true)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "a")
+	validOnlyWithInvalidArgs(err, t)
+}
+
+// OnlyValidArgs
+
+func TestOnlyValidArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(OnlyValidArgs, true)
+	output, err := executeCommand(c, "one", "two")
+	expectSuccess(output, err, t)
+}
+
+func TestOnlyValidArgs_WithInvalidArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(OnlyValidArgs, true)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "a")
+	validOnlyWithInvalidArgs(err, t)
+}
+
+// ArbitraryArgs
+
+func TestArbitraryArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(ArbitraryArgs, false)
+	output, err := executeCommand(c, "a", "b")
+	expectSuccess(output, err, t)
+}
+
+func TestArbitraryArgs_WithValid(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(ArbitraryArgs, true)
+	output, err := executeCommand(c, "one", "two")
+	expectSuccess(output, err, t)
+}
+
+func TestArbitraryArgs_WithValid_WithInvalidArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(ArbitraryArgs, true)
+	output, err := executeCommand(c, "a")
+	expectSuccess(output, err, t)
+}
+
+func TestArbitraryArgs_WithValidOnly_WithInvalidArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(MatchAll(OnlyValidArgs, ArbitraryArgs), true)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "a")
+	validOnlyWithInvalidArgs(err, t)
+}
+
+// MinimumNArgs
+
+func TestMinimumNArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(MinimumNArgs(2), false)
+	output, err := executeCommand(c, "a", "b", "c")
+	expectSuccess(output, err, t)
+}
+
+func TestMinimumNArgs_WithValid(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(MinimumNArgs(2), true)
+	output, err := executeCommand(c, "one", "three")
+	expectSuccess(output, err, t)
+}
+
+func TestMinimumNArgs_WithValid__WithInvalidArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(MinimumNArgs(2), true)
+	output, err := executeCommand(c, "a", "b")
+	expectSuccess(output, err, t)
+}
+
+func TestMinimumNArgs_WithValidOnly_WithInvalidArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(MatchAll(OnlyValidArgs, MinimumNArgs(2)), true)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "a", "b")
+	validOnlyWithInvalidArgs(err, t)
+}
+
+func TestMinimumNArgs_WithLessArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(MinimumNArgs(2), false)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "a")
+	minimumNArgsWithLessArgs(err, t)
+}
+
+func TestMinimumNArgs_WithLessArgs_WithValid(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(MinimumNArgs(2), true)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "one")
+	minimumNArgsWithLessArgs(err, t)
+}
+
+func TestMinimumNArgs_WithLessArgs_WithValid_WithInvalidArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(MinimumNArgs(2), true)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "a")
+	minimumNArgsWithLessArgs(err, t)
+}
+
+func TestMinimumNArgs_WithLessArgs_WithValidOnly_WithInvalidArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(MatchAll(OnlyValidArgs, MinimumNArgs(2)), true)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "a")
+	validOnlyWithInvalidArgs(err, t)
+}
+
+// MaximumNArgs
+
+func TestMaximumNArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(MaximumNArgs(3), false)
+	output, err := executeCommand(c, "a", "b")
+	expectSuccess(output, err, t)
+}
+
+func TestMaximumNArgs_WithValid(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(MaximumNArgs(2), true)
+	output, err := executeCommand(c, "one", "three")
+	expectSuccess(output, err, t)
+}
+
+func TestMaximumNArgs_WithValid_WithInvalidArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(MaximumNArgs(2), true)
+	output, err := executeCommand(c, "a", "b")
+	expectSuccess(output, err, t)
+}
+
+func TestMaximumNArgs_WithValidOnly_WithInvalidArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(MatchAll(OnlyValidArgs, MaximumNArgs(2)), true)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "a", "b")
+	validOnlyWithInvalidArgs(err, t)
+}
+
+func TestMaximumNArgs_WithMoreArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(MaximumNArgs(2), false)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "a", "b", "c")
+	maximumNArgsWithMoreArgs(err, t)
+}
+
+func TestMaximumNArgs_WithMoreArgs_WithValid(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(MaximumNArgs(2), true)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "one", "three", "two")
+	maximumNArgsWithMoreArgs(err, t)
+}
+
+func TestMaximumNArgs_WithMoreArgs_WithValid_WithInvalidArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(MaximumNArgs(2), true)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "a", "b", "c")
+	maximumNArgsWithMoreArgs(err, t)
+}
+
+func TestMaximumNArgs_WithMoreArgs_WithValidOnly_WithInvalidArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(MatchAll(OnlyValidArgs, MaximumNArgs(2)), true)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "a", "b", "c")
+	validOnlyWithInvalidArgs(err, t)
+}
+
+// ExactArgs
+
+func TestExactArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(ExactArgs(3), false)
+	output, err := executeCommand(c, "a", "b", "c")
+	expectSuccess(output, err, t)
+}
+
+func TestExactArgs_WithValid(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(ExactArgs(3), true)
+	output, err := executeCommand(c, "three", "one", "two")
+	expectSuccess(output, err, t)
+}
+
+func TestExactArgs_WithValid_WithInvalidArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(ExactArgs(3), true)
+	output, err := executeCommand(c, "three", "a", "two")
+	expectSuccess(output, err, t)
+}
+
+func TestExactArgs_WithValidOnly_WithInvalidArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(MatchAll(OnlyValidArgs, ExactArgs(3)), true)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "three", "a", "two")
+	validOnlyWithInvalidArgs(err, t)
+}
+
+func TestExactArgs_WithInvalidCount(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(ExactArgs(2), false)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "a", "b", "c")
+	exactArgsWithInvalidCount(err, t)
+}
+
+func TestExactArgs_WithInvalidCount_WithValid(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(ExactArgs(2), true)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "three", "one", "two")
+	exactArgsWithInvalidCount(err, t)
+}
+
+func TestExactArgs_WithInvalidCount_WithValid_WithInvalidArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(ExactArgs(2), true)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "three", "a", "two")
+	exactArgsWithInvalidCount(err, t)
+}
+
+func TestExactArgs_WithInvalidCount_WithValidOnly_WithInvalidArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(MatchAll(OnlyValidArgs, ExactArgs(2)), true)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "three", "a", "two")
+	validOnlyWithInvalidArgs(err, t)
+}
+
+// RangeArgs
+
+func TestRangeArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(RangeArgs(2, 4), false)
+	output, err := executeCommand(c, "a", "b", "c")
+	expectSuccess(output, err, t)
+}
+
+func TestRangeArgs_WithValid(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(RangeArgs(2, 4), true)
+	output, err := executeCommand(c, "three", "one", "two")
+	expectSuccess(output, err, t)
+}
+
+func TestRangeArgs_WithValid_WithInvalidArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(RangeArgs(2, 4), true)
+	output, err := executeCommand(c, "three", "a", "two")
+	expectSuccess(output, err, t)
+}
+
+func TestRangeArgs_WithValidOnly_WithInvalidArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(MatchAll(OnlyValidArgs, RangeArgs(2, 4)), true)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "three", "a", "two")
+	validOnlyWithInvalidArgs(err, t)
+}
+
+func TestRangeArgs_WithInvalidCount(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(RangeArgs(2, 4), false)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "a")
+	rangeArgsWithInvalidCount(err, t)
+}
+
+func TestRangeArgs_WithInvalidCount_WithValid(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(RangeArgs(2, 4), true)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "two")
+	rangeArgsWithInvalidCount(err, t)
+}
+
+func TestRangeArgs_WithInvalidCount_WithValid_WithInvalidArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(RangeArgs(2, 4), true)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "a")
+	rangeArgsWithInvalidCount(err, t)
+}
+
+func TestRangeArgs_WithInvalidCount_WithValidOnly_WithInvalidArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(MatchAll(OnlyValidArgs, RangeArgs(2, 4)), true)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "a")
+	validOnlyWithInvalidArgs(err, t)
+}
+
+// Takes(No)Args
+
+func TestRootTakesNoArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "illegal", "args")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Expected an error")
+	}
+
+	got := err.Error()
+	expected := `unknown command "illegal" for "root"`
+	if !strings.Contains(got, expected) {
+		t.Errorf("expected %q, got %q", expected, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRootTakesArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: ArbitraryArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "legal", "args")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestChildTakesNoArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "child", "illegal", "args")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Expected an error")
+	}
+
+	got := err.Error()
+	expected := `unknown command "illegal" for "root child"`
+	if !strings.Contains(got, expected) {
+		t.Errorf("expected %q, got %q", expected, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestChildTakesArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child", Args: ArbitraryArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "child", "legal", "args")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMatchAll(t *testing.T) {
+	// Somewhat contrived example check that ensures there are exactly 3
+	// arguments, and each argument is exactly 2 bytes long.
+	pargs := MatchAll(
+		ExactArgs(3),
+		func(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
+			for _, arg := range args {
+				if len([]byte(arg)) != 2 {
+					return fmt.Errorf("expected to be exactly 2 bytes long")
+				}
+			}
+			return nil
+		},
+	)
+
+	testCases := map[string]struct {
+		args []string
+		fail bool
+	}{
+		"happy path": {
+			[]string{"aa", "bb", "cc"},
+			false,
+		},
+		"incorrect number of args": {
+			[]string{"aa", "bb", "cc", "dd"},
+			true,
+		},
+		"incorrect number of bytes in one arg": {
+			[]string{"aa", "bb", "abc"},
+			true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: pargs, Run: emptyRun}
+
+	for name, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, tc.args...)
+			if err != nil && !tc.fail {
+				t.Errorf("unexpected: %v\n", err)
+			}
+			if err == nil && tc.fail {
+				t.Errorf("expected error")
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// DEPRECATED
+
+func TestExactValidArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(ExactValidArgs(3), true)
+	output, err := executeCommand(c, "three", "one", "two")
+	expectSuccess(output, err, t)
+}
+
+func TestExactValidArgs_WithInvalidCount(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(ExactValidArgs(2), false)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "three", "one", "two")
+	exactArgsWithInvalidCount(err, t)
+}
+
+func TestExactValidArgs_WithInvalidCount_WithInvalidArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(ExactValidArgs(2), true)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "three", "a", "two")
+	exactArgsWithInvalidCount(err, t)
+}
+
+func TestExactValidArgs_WithInvalidArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := getCommand(ExactValidArgs(2), true)
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "three", "a")
+	validOnlyWithInvalidArgs(err, t)
+}
+
+// This test make sure we keep backwards-compatibility with respect
+// to the legacyArgs() function.
+// It makes sure the root command accepts arguments if it does not have
+// sub-commands.
+func TestLegacyArgsRootAcceptsArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: nil, Run: emptyRun}
+
+	_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "somearg")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// This test make sure we keep backwards-compatibility with respect
+// to the legacyArgs() function.
+// It makes sure a sub-command accepts arguments and further sub-commands
+func TestLegacyArgsSubcmdAcceptsArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: nil, Run: emptyRun}
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child", Args: nil, Run: emptyRun}
+	grandchildCmd := &Command{Use: "grandchild", Args: nil, Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+	childCmd.AddCommand(grandchildCmd)
+
+	_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "child", "somearg")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/assets/CobraMain.png b/assets/CobraMain.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6f1b68a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/CobraMain.png
diff --git a/bash_completions.go b/bash_completions.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8a53151
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bash_completions.go
@@ -0,0 +1,712 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cobra
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
+)
+
+// Annotations for Bash completion.
+const (
+	BashCompFilenameExt     = "cobra_annotation_bash_completion_filename_extensions"
+	BashCompCustom          = "cobra_annotation_bash_completion_custom"
+	BashCompOneRequiredFlag = "cobra_annotation_bash_completion_one_required_flag"
+	BashCompSubdirsInDir    = "cobra_annotation_bash_completion_subdirs_in_dir"
+)
+
+func writePreamble(buf io.StringWriter, name string) {
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf("# bash completion for %-36s -*- shell-script -*-\n", name))
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf(`
+__%[1]s_debug()
+{
+    if [[ -n ${BASH_COMP_DEBUG_FILE:-} ]]; then
+        echo "$*" >> "${BASH_COMP_DEBUG_FILE}"
+    fi
+}
+
+# Homebrew on Macs have version 1.3 of bash-completion which doesn't include
+# _init_completion. This is a very minimal version of that function.
+__%[1]s_init_completion()
+{
+    COMPREPLY=()
+    _get_comp_words_by_ref "$@" cur prev words cword
+}
+
+__%[1]s_index_of_word()
+{
+    local w word=$1
+    shift
+    index=0
+    for w in "$@"; do
+        [[ $w = "$word" ]] && return
+        index=$((index+1))
+    done
+    index=-1
+}
+
+__%[1]s_contains_word()
+{
+    local w word=$1; shift
+    for w in "$@"; do
+        [[ $w = "$word" ]] && return
+    done
+    return 1
+}
+
+__%[1]s_handle_go_custom_completion()
+{
+    __%[1]s_debug "${FUNCNAME[0]}: cur is ${cur}, words[*] is ${words[*]}, #words[@] is ${#words[@]}"
+
+    local shellCompDirectiveError=%[3]d
+    local shellCompDirectiveNoSpace=%[4]d
+    local shellCompDirectiveNoFileComp=%[5]d
+    local shellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt=%[6]d
+    local shellCompDirectiveFilterDirs=%[7]d
+
+    local out requestComp lastParam lastChar comp directive args
+
+    # Prepare the command to request completions for the program.
+    # Calling ${words[0]} instead of directly %[1]s allows handling aliases
+    args=("${words[@]:1}")
+    # Disable ActiveHelp which is not supported for bash completion v1
+    requestComp="%[8]s=0 ${words[0]} %[2]s ${args[*]}"
+
+    lastParam=${words[$((${#words[@]}-1))]}
+    lastChar=${lastParam:$((${#lastParam}-1)):1}
+    __%[1]s_debug "${FUNCNAME[0]}: lastParam ${lastParam}, lastChar ${lastChar}"
+
+    if [ -z "${cur}" ] && [ "${lastChar}" != "=" ]; then
+        # If the last parameter is complete (there is a space following it)
+        # We add an extra empty parameter so we can indicate this to the go method.
+        __%[1]s_debug "${FUNCNAME[0]}: Adding extra empty parameter"
+        requestComp="${requestComp} \"\""
+    fi
+
+    __%[1]s_debug "${FUNCNAME[0]}: calling ${requestComp}"
+    # Use eval to handle any environment variables and such
+    out=$(eval "${requestComp}" 2>/dev/null)
+
+    # Extract the directive integer at the very end of the output following a colon (:)
+    directive=${out##*:}
+    # Remove the directive
+    out=${out%%:*}
+    if [ "${directive}" = "${out}" ]; then
+        # There is not directive specified
+        directive=0
+    fi
+    __%[1]s_debug "${FUNCNAME[0]}: the completion directive is: ${directive}"
+    __%[1]s_debug "${FUNCNAME[0]}: the completions are: ${out}"
+
+    if [ $((directive & shellCompDirectiveError)) -ne 0 ]; then
+        # Error code.  No completion.
+        __%[1]s_debug "${FUNCNAME[0]}: received error from custom completion go code"
+        return
+    else
+        if [ $((directive & shellCompDirectiveNoSpace)) -ne 0 ]; then
+            if [[ $(type -t compopt) = "builtin" ]]; then
+                __%[1]s_debug "${FUNCNAME[0]}: activating no space"
+                compopt -o nospace
+            fi
+        fi
+        if [ $((directive & shellCompDirectiveNoFileComp)) -ne 0 ]; then
+            if [[ $(type -t compopt) = "builtin" ]]; then
+                __%[1]s_debug "${FUNCNAME[0]}: activating no file completion"
+                compopt +o default
+            fi
+        fi
+    fi
+
+    if [ $((directive & shellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt)) -ne 0 ]; then
+        # File extension filtering
+        local fullFilter filter filteringCmd
+        # Do not use quotes around the $out variable or else newline
+        # characters will be kept.
+        for filter in ${out}; do
+            fullFilter+="$filter|"
+        done
+
+        filteringCmd="_filedir $fullFilter"
+        __%[1]s_debug "File filtering command: $filteringCmd"
+        $filteringCmd
+    elif [ $((directive & shellCompDirectiveFilterDirs)) -ne 0 ]; then
+        # File completion for directories only
+        local subdir
+        # Use printf to strip any trailing newline
+        subdir=$(printf "%%s" "${out}")
+        if [ -n "$subdir" ]; then
+            __%[1]s_debug "Listing directories in $subdir"
+            __%[1]s_handle_subdirs_in_dir_flag "$subdir"
+        else
+            __%[1]s_debug "Listing directories in ."
+            _filedir -d
+        fi
+    else
+        while IFS='' read -r comp; do
+            COMPREPLY+=("$comp")
+        done < <(compgen -W "${out}" -- "$cur")
+    fi
+}
+
+__%[1]s_handle_reply()
+{
+    __%[1]s_debug "${FUNCNAME[0]}"
+    local comp
+    case $cur in
+        -*)
+            if [[ $(type -t compopt) = "builtin" ]]; then
+                compopt -o nospace
+            fi
+            local allflags
+            if [ ${#must_have_one_flag[@]} -ne 0 ]; then
+                allflags=("${must_have_one_flag[@]}")
+            else
+                allflags=("${flags[*]} ${two_word_flags[*]}")
+            fi
+            while IFS='' read -r comp; do
+                COMPREPLY+=("$comp")
+            done < <(compgen -W "${allflags[*]}" -- "$cur")
+            if [[ $(type -t compopt) = "builtin" ]]; then
+                [[ "${COMPREPLY[0]}" == *= ]] || compopt +o nospace
+            fi
+
+            # complete after --flag=abc
+            if [[ $cur == *=* ]]; then
+                if [[ $(type -t compopt) = "builtin" ]]; then
+                    compopt +o nospace
+                fi
+
+                local index flag
+                flag="${cur%%=*}"
+                __%[1]s_index_of_word "${flag}" "${flags_with_completion[@]}"
+                COMPREPLY=()
+                if [[ ${index} -ge 0 ]]; then
+                    PREFIX=""
+                    cur="${cur#*=}"
+                    ${flags_completion[${index}]}
+                    if [ -n "${ZSH_VERSION:-}" ]; then
+                        # zsh completion needs --flag= prefix
+                        eval "COMPREPLY=( \"\${COMPREPLY[@]/#/${flag}=}\" )"
+                    fi
+                fi
+            fi
+
+            if [[ -z "${flag_parsing_disabled}" ]]; then
+                # If flag parsing is enabled, we have completed the flags and can return.
+                # If flag parsing is disabled, we may not know all (or any) of the flags, so we fallthrough
+                # to possibly call handle_go_custom_completion.
+                return 0;
+            fi
+            ;;
+    esac
+
+    # check if we are handling a flag with special work handling
+    local index
+    __%[1]s_index_of_word "${prev}" "${flags_with_completion[@]}"
+    if [[ ${index} -ge 0 ]]; then
+        ${flags_completion[${index}]}
+        return
+    fi
+
+    # we are parsing a flag and don't have a special handler, no completion
+    if [[ ${cur} != "${words[cword]}" ]]; then
+        return
+    fi
+
+    local completions
+    completions=("${commands[@]}")
+    if [[ ${#must_have_one_noun[@]} -ne 0 ]]; then
+        completions+=("${must_have_one_noun[@]}")
+    elif [[ -n "${has_completion_function}" ]]; then
+        # if a go completion function is provided, defer to that function
+        __%[1]s_handle_go_custom_completion
+    fi
+    if [[ ${#must_have_one_flag[@]} -ne 0 ]]; then
+        completions+=("${must_have_one_flag[@]}")
+    fi
+    while IFS='' read -r comp; do
+        COMPREPLY+=("$comp")
+    done < <(compgen -W "${completions[*]}" -- "$cur")
+
+    if [[ ${#COMPREPLY[@]} -eq 0 && ${#noun_aliases[@]} -gt 0 && ${#must_have_one_noun[@]} -ne 0 ]]; then
+        while IFS='' read -r comp; do
+            COMPREPLY+=("$comp")
+        done < <(compgen -W "${noun_aliases[*]}" -- "$cur")
+    fi
+
+    if [[ ${#COMPREPLY[@]} -eq 0 ]]; then
+        if declare -F __%[1]s_custom_func >/dev/null; then
+            # try command name qualified custom func
+            __%[1]s_custom_func
+        else
+            # otherwise fall back to unqualified for compatibility
+            declare -F __custom_func >/dev/null && __custom_func
+        fi
+    fi
+
+    # available in bash-completion >= 2, not always present on macOS
+    if declare -F __ltrim_colon_completions >/dev/null; then
+        __ltrim_colon_completions "$cur"
+    fi
+
+    # If there is only 1 completion and it is a flag with an = it will be completed
+    # but we don't want a space after the =
+    if [[ "${#COMPREPLY[@]}" -eq "1" ]] && [[ $(type -t compopt) = "builtin" ]] && [[ "${COMPREPLY[0]}" == --*= ]]; then
+       compopt -o nospace
+    fi
+}
+
+# The arguments should be in the form "ext1|ext2|extn"
+__%[1]s_handle_filename_extension_flag()
+{
+    local ext="$1"
+    _filedir "@(${ext})"
+}
+
+__%[1]s_handle_subdirs_in_dir_flag()
+{
+    local dir="$1"
+    pushd "${dir}" >/dev/null 2>&1 && _filedir -d && popd >/dev/null 2>&1 || return
+}
+
+__%[1]s_handle_flag()
+{
+    __%[1]s_debug "${FUNCNAME[0]}: c is $c words[c] is ${words[c]}"
+
+    # if a command required a flag, and we found it, unset must_have_one_flag()
+    local flagname=${words[c]}
+    local flagvalue=""
+    # if the word contained an =
+    if [[ ${words[c]} == *"="* ]]; then
+        flagvalue=${flagname#*=} # take in as flagvalue after the =
+        flagname=${flagname%%=*} # strip everything after the =
+        flagname="${flagname}=" # but put the = back
+    fi
+    __%[1]s_debug "${FUNCNAME[0]}: looking for ${flagname}"
+    if __%[1]s_contains_word "${flagname}" "${must_have_one_flag[@]}"; then
+        must_have_one_flag=()
+    fi
+
+    # if you set a flag which only applies to this command, don't show subcommands
+    if __%[1]s_contains_word "${flagname}" "${local_nonpersistent_flags[@]}"; then
+      commands=()
+    fi
+
+    # keep flag value with flagname as flaghash
+    # flaghash variable is an associative array which is only supported in bash > 3.
+    if [[ -z "${BASH_VERSION:-}" || "${BASH_VERSINFO[0]:-}" -gt 3 ]]; then
+        if [ -n "${flagvalue}" ] ; then
+            flaghash[${flagname}]=${flagvalue}
+        elif [ -n "${words[ $((c+1)) ]}" ] ; then
+            flaghash[${flagname}]=${words[ $((c+1)) ]}
+        else
+            flaghash[${flagname}]="true" # pad "true" for bool flag
+        fi
+    fi
+
+    # skip the argument to a two word flag
+    if [[ ${words[c]} != *"="* ]] && __%[1]s_contains_word "${words[c]}" "${two_word_flags[@]}"; then
+        __%[1]s_debug "${FUNCNAME[0]}: found a flag ${words[c]}, skip the next argument"
+        c=$((c+1))
+        # if we are looking for a flags value, don't show commands
+        if [[ $c -eq $cword ]]; then
+            commands=()
+        fi
+    fi
+
+    c=$((c+1))
+
+}
+
+__%[1]s_handle_noun()
+{
+    __%[1]s_debug "${FUNCNAME[0]}: c is $c words[c] is ${words[c]}"
+
+    if __%[1]s_contains_word "${words[c]}" "${must_have_one_noun[@]}"; then
+        must_have_one_noun=()
+    elif __%[1]s_contains_word "${words[c]}" "${noun_aliases[@]}"; then
+        must_have_one_noun=()
+    fi
+
+    nouns+=("${words[c]}")
+    c=$((c+1))
+}
+
+__%[1]s_handle_command()
+{
+    __%[1]s_debug "${FUNCNAME[0]}: c is $c words[c] is ${words[c]}"
+
+    local next_command
+    if [[ -n ${last_command} ]]; then
+        next_command="_${last_command}_${words[c]//:/__}"
+    else
+        if [[ $c -eq 0 ]]; then
+            next_command="_%[1]s_root_command"
+        else
+            next_command="_${words[c]//:/__}"
+        fi
+    fi
+    c=$((c+1))
+    __%[1]s_debug "${FUNCNAME[0]}: looking for ${next_command}"
+    declare -F "$next_command" >/dev/null && $next_command
+}
+
+__%[1]s_handle_word()
+{
+    if [[ $c -ge $cword ]]; then
+        __%[1]s_handle_reply
+        return
+    fi
+    __%[1]s_debug "${FUNCNAME[0]}: c is $c words[c] is ${words[c]}"
+    if [[ "${words[c]}" == -* ]]; then
+        __%[1]s_handle_flag
+    elif __%[1]s_contains_word "${words[c]}" "${commands[@]}"; then
+        __%[1]s_handle_command
+    elif [[ $c -eq 0 ]]; then
+        __%[1]s_handle_command
+    elif __%[1]s_contains_word "${words[c]}" "${command_aliases[@]}"; then
+        # aliashash variable is an associative array which is only supported in bash > 3.
+        if [[ -z "${BASH_VERSION:-}" || "${BASH_VERSINFO[0]:-}" -gt 3 ]]; then
+            words[c]=${aliashash[${words[c]}]}
+            __%[1]s_handle_command
+        else
+            __%[1]s_handle_noun
+        fi
+    else
+        __%[1]s_handle_noun
+    fi
+    __%[1]s_handle_word
+}
+
+`, name, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd,
+		ShellCompDirectiveError, ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp,
+		ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt, ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs, activeHelpEnvVar(name)))
+}
+
+func writePostscript(buf io.StringWriter, name string) {
+	name = strings.ReplaceAll(name, ":", "__")
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf("__start_%s()\n", name))
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf(`{
+    local cur prev words cword split
+    declare -A flaghash 2>/dev/null || :
+    declare -A aliashash 2>/dev/null || :
+    if declare -F _init_completion >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+        _init_completion -s || return
+    else
+        __%[1]s_init_completion -n "=" || return
+    fi
+
+    local c=0
+    local flag_parsing_disabled=
+    local flags=()
+    local two_word_flags=()
+    local local_nonpersistent_flags=()
+    local flags_with_completion=()
+    local flags_completion=()
+    local commands=("%[1]s")
+    local command_aliases=()
+    local must_have_one_flag=()
+    local must_have_one_noun=()
+    local has_completion_function=""
+    local last_command=""
+    local nouns=()
+    local noun_aliases=()
+
+    __%[1]s_handle_word
+}
+
+`, name))
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf(`if [[ $(type -t compopt) = "builtin" ]]; then
+    complete -o default -F __start_%s %s
+else
+    complete -o default -o nospace -F __start_%s %s
+fi
+
+`, name, name, name, name))
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, "# ex: ts=4 sw=4 et filetype=sh\n")
+}
+
+func writeCommands(buf io.StringWriter, cmd *Command) {
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, "    commands=()\n")
+	for _, c := range cmd.Commands() {
+		if !c.IsAvailableCommand() && c != cmd.helpCommand {
+			continue
+		}
+		WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf("    commands+=(%q)\n", c.Name()))
+		writeCmdAliases(buf, c)
+	}
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, "\n")
+}
+
+func writeFlagHandler(buf io.StringWriter, name string, annotations map[string][]string, cmd *Command) {
+	for key, value := range annotations {
+		switch key {
+		case BashCompFilenameExt:
+			WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf("    flags_with_completion+=(%q)\n", name))
+
+			var ext string
+			if len(value) > 0 {
+				ext = fmt.Sprintf("__%s_handle_filename_extension_flag ", cmd.Root().Name()) + strings.Join(value, "|")
+			} else {
+				ext = "_filedir"
+			}
+			WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf("    flags_completion+=(%q)\n", ext))
+		case BashCompCustom:
+			WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf("    flags_with_completion+=(%q)\n", name))
+
+			if len(value) > 0 {
+				handlers := strings.Join(value, "; ")
+				WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf("    flags_completion+=(%q)\n", handlers))
+			} else {
+				WriteStringAndCheck(buf, "    flags_completion+=(:)\n")
+			}
+		case BashCompSubdirsInDir:
+			WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf("    flags_with_completion+=(%q)\n", name))
+
+			var ext string
+			if len(value) == 1 {
+				ext = fmt.Sprintf("__%s_handle_subdirs_in_dir_flag ", cmd.Root().Name()) + value[0]
+			} else {
+				ext = "_filedir -d"
+			}
+			WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf("    flags_completion+=(%q)\n", ext))
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+const cbn = "\")\n"
+
+func writeShortFlag(buf io.StringWriter, flag *pflag.Flag, cmd *Command) {
+	name := flag.Shorthand
+	format := "    "
+	if len(flag.NoOptDefVal) == 0 {
+		format += "two_word_"
+	}
+	format += "flags+=(\"-%s" + cbn
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf(format, name))
+	writeFlagHandler(buf, "-"+name, flag.Annotations, cmd)
+}
+
+func writeFlag(buf io.StringWriter, flag *pflag.Flag, cmd *Command) {
+	name := flag.Name
+	format := "    flags+=(\"--%s"
+	if len(flag.NoOptDefVal) == 0 {
+		format += "="
+	}
+	format += cbn
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf(format, name))
+	if len(flag.NoOptDefVal) == 0 {
+		format = "    two_word_flags+=(\"--%s" + cbn
+		WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf(format, name))
+	}
+	writeFlagHandler(buf, "--"+name, flag.Annotations, cmd)
+}
+
+func writeLocalNonPersistentFlag(buf io.StringWriter, flag *pflag.Flag) {
+	name := flag.Name
+	format := "    local_nonpersistent_flags+=(\"--%[1]s" + cbn
+	if len(flag.NoOptDefVal) == 0 {
+		format += "    local_nonpersistent_flags+=(\"--%[1]s=" + cbn
+	}
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf(format, name))
+	if len(flag.Shorthand) > 0 {
+		WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf("    local_nonpersistent_flags+=(\"-%s\")\n", flag.Shorthand))
+	}
+}
+
+// prepareCustomAnnotationsForFlags setup annotations for go completions for registered flags
+func prepareCustomAnnotationsForFlags(cmd *Command) {
+	flagCompletionMutex.RLock()
+	defer flagCompletionMutex.RUnlock()
+	for flag := range flagCompletionFunctions {
+		// Make sure the completion script calls the __*_go_custom_completion function for
+		// every registered flag.  We need to do this here (and not when the flag was registered
+		// for completion) so that we can know the root command name for the prefix
+		// of __<prefix>_go_custom_completion
+		if flag.Annotations == nil {
+			flag.Annotations = map[string][]string{}
+		}
+		flag.Annotations[BashCompCustom] = []string{fmt.Sprintf("__%[1]s_handle_go_custom_completion", cmd.Root().Name())}
+	}
+}
+
+func writeFlags(buf io.StringWriter, cmd *Command) {
+	prepareCustomAnnotationsForFlags(cmd)
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, `    flags=()
+    two_word_flags=()
+    local_nonpersistent_flags=()
+    flags_with_completion=()
+    flags_completion=()
+
+`)
+
+	if cmd.DisableFlagParsing {
+		WriteStringAndCheck(buf, "    flag_parsing_disabled=1\n")
+	}
+
+	localNonPersistentFlags := cmd.LocalNonPersistentFlags()
+	cmd.NonInheritedFlags().VisitAll(func(flag *pflag.Flag) {
+		if nonCompletableFlag(flag) {
+			return
+		}
+		writeFlag(buf, flag, cmd)
+		if len(flag.Shorthand) > 0 {
+			writeShortFlag(buf, flag, cmd)
+		}
+		// localNonPersistentFlags are used to stop the completion of subcommands when one is set
+		// if TraverseChildren is true we should allow to complete subcommands
+		if localNonPersistentFlags.Lookup(flag.Name) != nil && !cmd.Root().TraverseChildren {
+			writeLocalNonPersistentFlag(buf, flag)
+		}
+	})
+	cmd.InheritedFlags().VisitAll(func(flag *pflag.Flag) {
+		if nonCompletableFlag(flag) {
+			return
+		}
+		writeFlag(buf, flag, cmd)
+		if len(flag.Shorthand) > 0 {
+			writeShortFlag(buf, flag, cmd)
+		}
+	})
+
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, "\n")
+}
+
+func writeRequiredFlag(buf io.StringWriter, cmd *Command) {
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, "    must_have_one_flag=()\n")
+	flags := cmd.NonInheritedFlags()
+	flags.VisitAll(func(flag *pflag.Flag) {
+		if nonCompletableFlag(flag) {
+			return
+		}
+		for key := range flag.Annotations {
+			switch key {
+			case BashCompOneRequiredFlag:
+				format := "    must_have_one_flag+=(\"--%s"
+				if flag.Value.Type() != "bool" {
+					format += "="
+				}
+				format += cbn
+				WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf(format, flag.Name))
+
+				if len(flag.Shorthand) > 0 {
+					WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf("    must_have_one_flag+=(\"-%s"+cbn, flag.Shorthand))
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func writeRequiredNouns(buf io.StringWriter, cmd *Command) {
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, "    must_have_one_noun=()\n")
+	sort.Strings(cmd.ValidArgs)
+	for _, value := range cmd.ValidArgs {
+		// Remove any description that may be included following a tab character.
+		// Descriptions are not supported by bash completion.
+		value = strings.Split(value, "\t")[0]
+		WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf("    must_have_one_noun+=(%q)\n", value))
+	}
+	if cmd.ValidArgsFunction != nil {
+		WriteStringAndCheck(buf, "    has_completion_function=1\n")
+	}
+}
+
+func writeCmdAliases(buf io.StringWriter, cmd *Command) {
+	if len(cmd.Aliases) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	sort.Strings(cmd.Aliases)
+
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprint(`    if [[ -z "${BASH_VERSION:-}" || "${BASH_VERSINFO[0]:-}" -gt 3 ]]; then`, "\n"))
+	for _, value := range cmd.Aliases {
+		WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf("        command_aliases+=(%q)\n", value))
+		WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf("        aliashash[%q]=%q\n", value, cmd.Name()))
+	}
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, `    fi`)
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, "\n")
+}
+func writeArgAliases(buf io.StringWriter, cmd *Command) {
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, "    noun_aliases=()\n")
+	sort.Strings(cmd.ArgAliases)
+	for _, value := range cmd.ArgAliases {
+		WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf("    noun_aliases+=(%q)\n", value))
+	}
+}
+
+func gen(buf io.StringWriter, cmd *Command) {
+	for _, c := range cmd.Commands() {
+		if !c.IsAvailableCommand() && c != cmd.helpCommand {
+			continue
+		}
+		gen(buf, c)
+	}
+	commandName := cmd.CommandPath()
+	commandName = strings.ReplaceAll(commandName, " ", "_")
+	commandName = strings.ReplaceAll(commandName, ":", "__")
+
+	if cmd.Root() == cmd {
+		WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf("_%s_root_command()\n{\n", commandName))
+	} else {
+		WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf("_%s()\n{\n", commandName))
+	}
+
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf("    last_command=%q\n", commandName))
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, "\n")
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, "    command_aliases=()\n")
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, "\n")
+
+	writeCommands(buf, cmd)
+	writeFlags(buf, cmd)
+	writeRequiredFlag(buf, cmd)
+	writeRequiredNouns(buf, cmd)
+	writeArgAliases(buf, cmd)
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, "}\n\n")
+}
+
+// GenBashCompletion generates bash completion file and writes to the passed writer.
+func (c *Command) GenBashCompletion(w io.Writer) error {
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	writePreamble(buf, c.Name())
+	if len(c.BashCompletionFunction) > 0 {
+		buf.WriteString(c.BashCompletionFunction + "\n")
+	}
+	gen(buf, c)
+	writePostscript(buf, c.Name())
+
+	_, err := buf.WriteTo(w)
+	return err
+}
+
+func nonCompletableFlag(flag *pflag.Flag) bool {
+	return flag.Hidden || len(flag.Deprecated) > 0
+}
+
+// GenBashCompletionFile generates bash completion file.
+func (c *Command) GenBashCompletionFile(filename string) error {
+	outFile, err := os.Create(filename)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer outFile.Close()
+
+	return c.GenBashCompletion(outFile)
+}
diff --git a/bash_completionsV2.go b/bash_completionsV2.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1cce5c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bash_completionsV2.go
@@ -0,0 +1,396 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cobra
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+)
+
+func (c *Command) genBashCompletion(w io.Writer, includeDesc bool) error {
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	genBashComp(buf, c.Name(), includeDesc)
+	_, err := buf.WriteTo(w)
+	return err
+}
+
+func genBashComp(buf io.StringWriter, name string, includeDesc bool) {
+	compCmd := ShellCompRequestCmd
+	if !includeDesc {
+		compCmd = ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd
+	}
+
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf(`# bash completion V2 for %-36[1]s -*- shell-script -*-
+
+__%[1]s_debug()
+{
+    if [[ -n ${BASH_COMP_DEBUG_FILE-} ]]; then
+        echo "$*" >> "${BASH_COMP_DEBUG_FILE}"
+    fi
+}
+
+# Macs have bash3 for which the bash-completion package doesn't include
+# _init_completion. This is a minimal version of that function.
+__%[1]s_init_completion()
+{
+    COMPREPLY=()
+    _get_comp_words_by_ref "$@" cur prev words cword
+}
+
+# This function calls the %[1]s program to obtain the completion
+# results and the directive.  It fills the 'out' and 'directive' vars.
+__%[1]s_get_completion_results() {
+    local requestComp lastParam lastChar args
+
+    # Prepare the command to request completions for the program.
+    # Calling ${words[0]} instead of directly %[1]s allows handling aliases
+    args=("${words[@]:1}")
+    requestComp="${words[0]} %[2]s ${args[*]}"
+
+    lastParam=${words[$((${#words[@]}-1))]}
+    lastChar=${lastParam:$((${#lastParam}-1)):1}
+    __%[1]s_debug "lastParam ${lastParam}, lastChar ${lastChar}"
+
+    if [[ -z ${cur} && ${lastChar} != = ]]; then
+        # If the last parameter is complete (there is a space following it)
+        # We add an extra empty parameter so we can indicate this to the go method.
+        __%[1]s_debug "Adding extra empty parameter"
+        requestComp="${requestComp} ''"
+    fi
+
+    # When completing a flag with an = (e.g., %[1]s -n=<TAB>)
+    # bash focuses on the part after the =, so we need to remove
+    # the flag part from $cur
+    if [[ ${cur} == -*=* ]]; then
+        cur="${cur#*=}"
+    fi
+
+    __%[1]s_debug "Calling ${requestComp}"
+    # Use eval to handle any environment variables and such
+    out=$(eval "${requestComp}" 2>/dev/null)
+
+    # Extract the directive integer at the very end of the output following a colon (:)
+    directive=${out##*:}
+    # Remove the directive
+    out=${out%%:*}
+    if [[ ${directive} == "${out}" ]]; then
+        # There is not directive specified
+        directive=0
+    fi
+    __%[1]s_debug "The completion directive is: ${directive}"
+    __%[1]s_debug "The completions are: ${out}"
+}
+
+__%[1]s_process_completion_results() {
+    local shellCompDirectiveError=%[3]d
+    local shellCompDirectiveNoSpace=%[4]d
+    local shellCompDirectiveNoFileComp=%[5]d
+    local shellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt=%[6]d
+    local shellCompDirectiveFilterDirs=%[7]d
+    local shellCompDirectiveKeepOrder=%[8]d
+
+    if (((directive & shellCompDirectiveError) != 0)); then
+        # Error code.  No completion.
+        __%[1]s_debug "Received error from custom completion go code"
+        return
+    else
+        if (((directive & shellCompDirectiveNoSpace) != 0)); then
+            if [[ $(type -t compopt) == builtin ]]; then
+                __%[1]s_debug "Activating no space"
+                compopt -o nospace
+            else
+                __%[1]s_debug "No space directive not supported in this version of bash"
+            fi
+        fi
+        if (((directive & shellCompDirectiveKeepOrder) != 0)); then
+            if [[ $(type -t compopt) == builtin ]]; then
+                # no sort isn't supported for bash less than < 4.4
+                if [[ ${BASH_VERSINFO[0]} -lt 4 || ( ${BASH_VERSINFO[0]} -eq 4 && ${BASH_VERSINFO[1]} -lt 4 ) ]]; then
+                    __%[1]s_debug "No sort directive not supported in this version of bash"
+                else
+                    __%[1]s_debug "Activating keep order"
+                    compopt -o nosort
+                fi
+            else
+                __%[1]s_debug "No sort directive not supported in this version of bash"
+            fi
+        fi
+        if (((directive & shellCompDirectiveNoFileComp) != 0)); then
+            if [[ $(type -t compopt) == builtin ]]; then
+                __%[1]s_debug "Activating no file completion"
+                compopt +o default
+            else
+                __%[1]s_debug "No file completion directive not supported in this version of bash"
+            fi
+        fi
+    fi
+
+    # Separate activeHelp from normal completions
+    local completions=()
+    local activeHelp=()
+    __%[1]s_extract_activeHelp
+
+    if (((directive & shellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt) != 0)); then
+        # File extension filtering
+        local fullFilter filter filteringCmd
+
+        # Do not use quotes around the $completions variable or else newline
+        # characters will be kept.
+        for filter in ${completions[*]}; do
+            fullFilter+="$filter|"
+        done
+
+        filteringCmd="_filedir $fullFilter"
+        __%[1]s_debug "File filtering command: $filteringCmd"
+        $filteringCmd
+    elif (((directive & shellCompDirectiveFilterDirs) != 0)); then
+        # File completion for directories only
+
+        local subdir
+        subdir=${completions[0]}
+        if [[ -n $subdir ]]; then
+            __%[1]s_debug "Listing directories in $subdir"
+            pushd "$subdir" >/dev/null 2>&1 && _filedir -d && popd >/dev/null 2>&1 || return
+        else
+            __%[1]s_debug "Listing directories in ."
+            _filedir -d
+        fi
+    else
+        __%[1]s_handle_completion_types
+    fi
+
+    __%[1]s_handle_special_char "$cur" :
+    __%[1]s_handle_special_char "$cur" =
+
+    # Print the activeHelp statements before we finish
+    if ((${#activeHelp[*]} != 0)); then
+        printf "\n";
+        printf "%%s\n" "${activeHelp[@]}"
+        printf "\n"
+
+        # The prompt format is only available from bash 4.4.
+        # We test if it is available before using it.
+        if (x=${PS1@P}) 2> /dev/null; then
+            printf "%%s" "${PS1@P}${COMP_LINE[@]}"
+        else
+            # Can't print the prompt.  Just print the
+            # text the user had typed, it is workable enough.
+            printf "%%s" "${COMP_LINE[@]}"
+        fi
+    fi
+}
+
+# Separate activeHelp lines from real completions.
+# Fills the $activeHelp and $completions arrays.
+__%[1]s_extract_activeHelp() {
+    local activeHelpMarker="%[9]s"
+    local endIndex=${#activeHelpMarker}
+
+    while IFS='' read -r comp; do
+        if [[ ${comp:0:endIndex} == $activeHelpMarker ]]; then
+            comp=${comp:endIndex}
+            __%[1]s_debug "ActiveHelp found: $comp"
+            if [[ -n $comp ]]; then
+                activeHelp+=("$comp")
+            fi
+        else
+            # Not an activeHelp line but a normal completion
+            completions+=("$comp")
+        fi
+    done <<<"${out}"
+}
+
+__%[1]s_handle_completion_types() {
+    __%[1]s_debug "__%[1]s_handle_completion_types: COMP_TYPE is $COMP_TYPE"
+
+    case $COMP_TYPE in
+    37|42)
+        # Type: menu-complete/menu-complete-backward and insert-completions
+        # If the user requested inserting one completion at a time, or all
+        # completions at once on the command-line we must remove the descriptions.
+        # https://github.com/spf13/cobra/issues/1508
+        local tab=$'\t' comp
+        while IFS='' read -r comp; do
+            [[ -z $comp ]] && continue
+            # Strip any description
+            comp=${comp%%%%$tab*}
+            # Only consider the completions that match
+            if [[ $comp == "$cur"* ]]; then
+                COMPREPLY+=("$comp")
+            fi
+        done < <(printf "%%s\n" "${completions[@]}")
+        ;;
+
+    *)
+        # Type: complete (normal completion)
+        __%[1]s_handle_standard_completion_case
+        ;;
+    esac
+}
+
+__%[1]s_handle_standard_completion_case() {
+    local tab=$'\t' comp
+
+    # Short circuit to optimize if we don't have descriptions
+    if [[ "${completions[*]}" != *$tab* ]]; then
+        IFS=$'\n' read -ra COMPREPLY -d '' < <(compgen -W "${completions[*]}" -- "$cur")
+        return 0
+    fi
+
+    local longest=0
+    local compline
+    # Look for the longest completion so that we can format things nicely
+    while IFS='' read -r compline; do
+        [[ -z $compline ]] && continue
+        # Strip any description before checking the length
+        comp=${compline%%%%$tab*}
+        # Only consider the completions that match
+        [[ $comp == "$cur"* ]] || continue
+        COMPREPLY+=("$compline")
+        if ((${#comp}>longest)); then
+            longest=${#comp}
+        fi
+    done < <(printf "%%s\n" "${completions[@]}")
+
+    # If there is a single completion left, remove the description text
+    if ((${#COMPREPLY[*]} == 1)); then
+        __%[1]s_debug "COMPREPLY[0]: ${COMPREPLY[0]}"
+        comp="${COMPREPLY[0]%%%%$tab*}"
+        __%[1]s_debug "Removed description from single completion, which is now: ${comp}"
+        COMPREPLY[0]=$comp
+    else # Format the descriptions
+        __%[1]s_format_comp_descriptions $longest
+    fi
+}
+
+__%[1]s_handle_special_char()
+{
+    local comp="$1"
+    local char=$2
+    if [[ "$comp" == *${char}* && "$COMP_WORDBREAKS" == *${char}* ]]; then
+        local word=${comp%%"${comp##*${char}}"}
+        local idx=${#COMPREPLY[*]}
+        while ((--idx >= 0)); do
+            COMPREPLY[idx]=${COMPREPLY[idx]#"$word"}
+        done
+    fi
+}
+
+__%[1]s_format_comp_descriptions()
+{
+    local tab=$'\t'
+    local comp desc maxdesclength
+    local longest=$1
+
+    local i ci
+    for ci in ${!COMPREPLY[*]}; do
+        comp=${COMPREPLY[ci]}
+        # Properly format the description string which follows a tab character if there is one
+        if [[ "$comp" == *$tab* ]]; then
+            __%[1]s_debug "Original comp: $comp"
+            desc=${comp#*$tab}
+            comp=${comp%%%%$tab*}
+
+            # $COLUMNS stores the current shell width.
+            # Remove an extra 4 because we add 2 spaces and 2 parentheses.
+            maxdesclength=$(( COLUMNS - longest - 4 ))
+
+            # Make sure we can fit a description of at least 8 characters
+            # if we are to align the descriptions.
+            if ((maxdesclength > 8)); then
+                # Add the proper number of spaces to align the descriptions
+                for ((i = ${#comp} ; i < longest ; i++)); do
+                    comp+=" "
+                done
+            else
+                # Don't pad the descriptions so we can fit more text after the completion
+                maxdesclength=$(( COLUMNS - ${#comp} - 4 ))
+            fi
+
+            # If there is enough space for any description text,
+            # truncate the descriptions that are too long for the shell width
+            if ((maxdesclength > 0)); then
+                if ((${#desc} > maxdesclength)); then
+                    desc=${desc:0:$(( maxdesclength - 1 ))}
+                    desc+="…"
+                fi
+                comp+="  ($desc)"
+            fi
+            COMPREPLY[ci]=$comp
+            __%[1]s_debug "Final comp: $comp"
+        fi
+    done
+}
+
+__start_%[1]s()
+{
+    local cur prev words cword split
+
+    COMPREPLY=()
+
+    # Call _init_completion from the bash-completion package
+    # to prepare the arguments properly
+    if declare -F _init_completion >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+        _init_completion -n =: || return
+    else
+        __%[1]s_init_completion -n =: || return
+    fi
+
+    __%[1]s_debug
+    __%[1]s_debug "========= starting completion logic =========="
+    __%[1]s_debug "cur is ${cur}, words[*] is ${words[*]}, #words[@] is ${#words[@]}, cword is $cword"
+
+    # The user could have moved the cursor backwards on the command-line.
+    # We need to trigger completion from the $cword location, so we need
+    # to truncate the command-line ($words) up to the $cword location.
+    words=("${words[@]:0:$cword+1}")
+    __%[1]s_debug "Truncated words[*]: ${words[*]},"
+
+    local out directive
+    __%[1]s_get_completion_results
+    __%[1]s_process_completion_results
+}
+
+if [[ $(type -t compopt) = "builtin" ]]; then
+    complete -o default -F __start_%[1]s %[1]s
+else
+    complete -o default -o nospace -F __start_%[1]s %[1]s
+fi
+
+# ex: ts=4 sw=4 et filetype=sh
+`, name, compCmd,
+		ShellCompDirectiveError, ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp,
+		ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt, ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs, ShellCompDirectiveKeepOrder,
+		activeHelpMarker))
+}
+
+// GenBashCompletionFileV2 generates Bash completion version 2.
+func (c *Command) GenBashCompletionFileV2(filename string, includeDesc bool) error {
+	outFile, err := os.Create(filename)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer outFile.Close()
+
+	return c.GenBashCompletionV2(outFile, includeDesc)
+}
+
+// GenBashCompletionV2 generates Bash completion file version 2
+// and writes it to the passed writer.
+func (c *Command) GenBashCompletionV2(w io.Writer, includeDesc bool) error {
+	return c.genBashCompletion(w, includeDesc)
+}
diff --git a/bash_completionsV2_test.go b/bash_completionsV2_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..88587e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bash_completionsV2_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cobra
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestBashCompletionV2WithActiveHelp(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Command{Use: "c", Run: emptyRun}
+
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	assertNoErr(t, c.GenBashCompletionV2(buf, true))
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	// check that active help is not being disabled
+	activeHelpVar := activeHelpEnvVar(c.Name())
+	checkOmit(t, output, fmt.Sprintf("%s=0", activeHelpVar))
+}
diff --git a/bash_completions_test.go b/bash_completions_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4441257
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bash_completions_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,289 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cobra
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"regexp"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func checkOmit(t *testing.T, found, unexpected string) {
+	if strings.Contains(found, unexpected) {
+		t.Errorf("Got: %q\nBut should not have!\n", unexpected)
+	}
+}
+
+func check(t *testing.T, found, expected string) {
+	if !strings.Contains(found, expected) {
+		t.Errorf("Expecting to contain: \n %q\nGot:\n %q\n", expected, found)
+	}
+}
+
+func checkNumOccurrences(t *testing.T, found, expected string, expectedOccurrences int) {
+	numOccurrences := strings.Count(found, expected)
+	if numOccurrences != expectedOccurrences {
+		t.Errorf("Expecting to contain %d occurrences of: \n %q\nGot %d:\n %q\n", expectedOccurrences, expected, numOccurrences, found)
+	}
+}
+
+func checkRegex(t *testing.T, found, pattern string) {
+	matched, err := regexp.MatchString(pattern, found)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Error thrown performing MatchString: \n %s\n", err)
+	}
+	if !matched {
+		t.Errorf("Expecting to match: \n %q\nGot:\n %q\n", pattern, found)
+	}
+}
+
+func runShellCheck(s string) error {
+	cmd := exec.Command("shellcheck", "-s", "bash", "-", "-e",
+		"SC2034", // PREFIX appears unused. Verify it or export it.
+	)
+	cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+	cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
+
+	stdin, err := cmd.StdinPipe()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	go func() {
+		_, err := stdin.Write([]byte(s))
+		CheckErr(err)
+
+		stdin.Close()
+	}()
+
+	return cmd.Run()
+}
+
+// World worst custom function, just keep telling you to enter hello!
+const bashCompletionFunc = `__root_custom_func() {
+	COMPREPLY=( "hello" )
+}
+`
+
+func TestBashCompletions(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use:                    "root",
+		ArgAliases:             []string{"pods", "nodes", "services", "replicationcontrollers", "po", "no", "svc", "rc"},
+		ValidArgs:              []string{"pod", "node", "service", "replicationcontroller"},
+		BashCompletionFunction: bashCompletionFunc,
+		Run:                    emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.Flags().IntP("introot", "i", -1, "help message for flag introot")
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.MarkFlagRequired("introot"))
+
+	// Filename.
+	rootCmd.Flags().String("filename", "", "Enter a filename")
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.MarkFlagFilename("filename", "json", "yaml", "yml"))
+
+	// Persistent filename.
+	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().String("persistent-filename", "", "Enter a filename")
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.MarkPersistentFlagFilename("persistent-filename"))
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.MarkPersistentFlagRequired("persistent-filename"))
+
+	// Filename extensions.
+	rootCmd.Flags().String("filename-ext", "", "Enter a filename (extension limited)")
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.MarkFlagFilename("filename-ext"))
+	rootCmd.Flags().String("custom", "", "Enter a filename (extension limited)")
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.MarkFlagCustom("custom", "__complete_custom"))
+
+	// Subdirectories in a given directory.
+	rootCmd.Flags().String("theme", "", "theme to use (located in /themes/THEMENAME/)")
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.Flags().SetAnnotation("theme", BashCompSubdirsInDir, []string{"themes"}))
+
+	// For two word flags check
+	rootCmd.Flags().StringP("two", "t", "", "this is two word flags")
+	rootCmd.Flags().BoolP("two-w-default", "T", false, "this is not two word flags")
+
+	echoCmd := &Command{
+		Use:     "echo [string to echo]",
+		Aliases: []string{"say"},
+		Short:   "Echo anything to the screen",
+		Long:    "an utterly useless command for testing.",
+		Example: "Just run cobra-test echo",
+		Run:     emptyRun,
+	}
+
+	echoCmd.Flags().String("filename", "", "Enter a filename")
+	assertNoErr(t, echoCmd.MarkFlagFilename("filename", "json", "yaml", "yml"))
+	echoCmd.Flags().String("config", "", "config to use (located in /config/PROFILE/)")
+	assertNoErr(t, echoCmd.Flags().SetAnnotation("config", BashCompSubdirsInDir, []string{"config"}))
+
+	printCmd := &Command{
+		Use:   "print [string to print]",
+		Args:  MinimumNArgs(1),
+		Short: "Print anything to the screen",
+		Long:  "an absolutely utterly useless command for testing.",
+		Run:   emptyRun,
+	}
+
+	deprecatedCmd := &Command{
+		Use:        "deprecated [can't do anything here]",
+		Args:       NoArgs,
+		Short:      "A command which is deprecated",
+		Long:       "an absolutely utterly useless command for testing deprecation!.",
+		Deprecated: "Please use echo instead",
+		Run:        emptyRun,
+	}
+
+	colonCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "cmd:colon",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+
+	timesCmd := &Command{
+		Use:        "times [# times] [string to echo]",
+		SuggestFor: []string{"counts"},
+		Args:       OnlyValidArgs,
+		ValidArgs:  []string{"one", "two", "three", "four"},
+		Short:      "Echo anything to the screen more times",
+		Long:       "a slightly useless command for testing.",
+		Run:        emptyRun,
+	}
+
+	echoCmd.AddCommand(timesCmd)
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(echoCmd, printCmd, deprecatedCmd, colonCmd)
+
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.GenBashCompletion(buf))
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	check(t, output, "_root")
+	check(t, output, "_root_echo")
+	check(t, output, "_root_echo_times")
+	check(t, output, "_root_print")
+	check(t, output, "_root_cmd__colon")
+
+	// check for required flags
+	check(t, output, `must_have_one_flag+=("--introot=")`)
+	check(t, output, `must_have_one_flag+=("--persistent-filename=")`)
+	// check for custom completion function with both qualified and unqualified name
+	checkNumOccurrences(t, output, `__custom_func`, 2)      // 1. check existence, 2. invoke
+	checkNumOccurrences(t, output, `__root_custom_func`, 3) // 1. check existence, 2. invoke, 3. actual definition
+	// check for custom completion function body
+	check(t, output, `COMPREPLY=( "hello" )`)
+	// check for required nouns
+	check(t, output, `must_have_one_noun+=("pod")`)
+	// check for noun aliases
+	check(t, output, `noun_aliases+=("pods")`)
+	check(t, output, `noun_aliases+=("rc")`)
+	checkOmit(t, output, `must_have_one_noun+=("pods")`)
+	// check for filename extension flags
+	check(t, output, `flags_completion+=("_filedir")`)
+	// check for filename extension flags
+	check(t, output, `must_have_one_noun+=("three")`)
+	// check for filename extension flags
+	check(t, output, fmt.Sprintf(`flags_completion+=("__%s_handle_filename_extension_flag json|yaml|yml")`, rootCmd.Name()))
+	// check for filename extension flags in a subcommand
+	checkRegex(t, output, fmt.Sprintf(`_root_echo\(\)\n{[^}]*flags_completion\+=\("__%s_handle_filename_extension_flag json\|yaml\|yml"\)`, rootCmd.Name()))
+	// check for custom flags
+	check(t, output, `flags_completion+=("__complete_custom")`)
+	// check for subdirs_in_dir flags
+	check(t, output, fmt.Sprintf(`flags_completion+=("__%s_handle_subdirs_in_dir_flag themes")`, rootCmd.Name()))
+	// check for subdirs_in_dir flags in a subcommand
+	checkRegex(t, output, fmt.Sprintf(`_root_echo\(\)\n{[^}]*flags_completion\+=\("__%s_handle_subdirs_in_dir_flag config"\)`, rootCmd.Name()))
+
+	// check two word flags
+	check(t, output, `two_word_flags+=("--two")`)
+	check(t, output, `two_word_flags+=("-t")`)
+	checkOmit(t, output, `two_word_flags+=("--two-w-default")`)
+	checkOmit(t, output, `two_word_flags+=("-T")`)
+
+	// check local nonpersistent flag
+	check(t, output, `local_nonpersistent_flags+=("--two")`)
+	check(t, output, `local_nonpersistent_flags+=("--two=")`)
+	check(t, output, `local_nonpersistent_flags+=("-t")`)
+	check(t, output, `local_nonpersistent_flags+=("--two-w-default")`)
+	check(t, output, `local_nonpersistent_flags+=("-T")`)
+
+	checkOmit(t, output, deprecatedCmd.Name())
+
+	// If available, run shellcheck against the script.
+	if err := exec.Command("which", "shellcheck").Run(); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if err := runShellCheck(output); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("shellcheck failed: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBashCompletionHiddenFlag(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Command{Use: "c", Run: emptyRun}
+
+	const flagName = "hiddenFlag"
+	c.Flags().Bool(flagName, false, "")
+	assertNoErr(t, c.Flags().MarkHidden(flagName))
+
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	assertNoErr(t, c.GenBashCompletion(buf))
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	if strings.Contains(output, flagName) {
+		t.Errorf("Expected completion to not include %q flag: Got %v", flagName, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBashCompletionDeprecatedFlag(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Command{Use: "c", Run: emptyRun}
+
+	const flagName = "deprecated-flag"
+	c.Flags().Bool(flagName, false, "")
+	assertNoErr(t, c.Flags().MarkDeprecated(flagName, "use --not-deprecated instead"))
+
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	assertNoErr(t, c.GenBashCompletion(buf))
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	if strings.Contains(output, flagName) {
+		t.Errorf("expected completion to not include %q flag: Got %v", flagName, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBashCompletionTraverseChildren(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Command{Use: "c", Run: emptyRun, TraverseChildren: true}
+
+	c.Flags().StringP("string-flag", "s", "", "string flag")
+	c.Flags().BoolP("bool-flag", "b", false, "bool flag")
+
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	assertNoErr(t, c.GenBashCompletion(buf))
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	// check that local nonpersistent flag are not set since we have TraverseChildren set to true
+	checkOmit(t, output, `local_nonpersistent_flags+=("--string-flag")`)
+	checkOmit(t, output, `local_nonpersistent_flags+=("--string-flag=")`)
+	checkOmit(t, output, `local_nonpersistent_flags+=("-s")`)
+	checkOmit(t, output, `local_nonpersistent_flags+=("--bool-flag")`)
+	checkOmit(t, output, `local_nonpersistent_flags+=("-b")`)
+}
+
+func TestBashCompletionNoActiveHelp(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Command{Use: "c", Run: emptyRun}
+
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	assertNoErr(t, c.GenBashCompletion(buf))
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	// check that active help is being disabled
+	activeHelpVar := activeHelpEnvVar(c.Name())
+	check(t, output, fmt.Sprintf("%s=0", activeHelpVar))
+}
diff --git a/cobra.go b/cobra.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a6b160c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cobra.go
@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+// Commands similar to git, go tools and other modern CLI tools
+// inspired by go, go-Commander, gh and subcommand
+
+package cobra
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"reflect"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"text/template"
+	"time"
+	"unicode"
+)
+
+var templateFuncs = template.FuncMap{
+	"trim":                    strings.TrimSpace,
+	"trimRightSpace":          trimRightSpace,
+	"trimTrailingWhitespaces": trimRightSpace,
+	"appendIfNotPresent":      appendIfNotPresent,
+	"rpad":                    rpad,
+	"gt":                      Gt,
+	"eq":                      Eq,
+}
+
+var initializers []func()
+var finalizers []func()
+
+const (
+	defaultPrefixMatching   = false
+	defaultCommandSorting   = true
+	defaultCaseInsensitive  = false
+	defaultTraverseRunHooks = false
+)
+
+// EnablePrefixMatching allows setting automatic prefix matching. Automatic prefix matching can be a dangerous thing
+// to automatically enable in CLI tools.
+// Set this to true to enable it.
+var EnablePrefixMatching = defaultPrefixMatching
+
+// EnableCommandSorting controls sorting of the slice of commands, which is turned on by default.
+// To disable sorting, set it to false.
+var EnableCommandSorting = defaultCommandSorting
+
+// EnableCaseInsensitive allows case-insensitive commands names. (case sensitive by default)
+var EnableCaseInsensitive = defaultCaseInsensitive
+
+// EnableTraverseRunHooks executes persistent pre-run and post-run hooks from all parents.
+// By default this is disabled, which means only the first run hook to be found is executed.
+var EnableTraverseRunHooks = defaultTraverseRunHooks
+
+// MousetrapHelpText enables an information splash screen on Windows
+// if the CLI is started from explorer.exe.
+// To disable the mousetrap, just set this variable to blank string ("").
+// Works only on Microsoft Windows.
+var MousetrapHelpText = `This is a command line tool.
+
+You need to open cmd.exe and run it from there.
+`
+
+// MousetrapDisplayDuration controls how long the MousetrapHelpText message is displayed on Windows
+// if the CLI is started from explorer.exe. Set to 0 to wait for the return key to be pressed.
+// To disable the mousetrap, just set MousetrapHelpText to blank string ("").
+// Works only on Microsoft Windows.
+var MousetrapDisplayDuration = 5 * time.Second
+
+// AddTemplateFunc adds a template function that's available to Usage and Help
+// template generation.
+func AddTemplateFunc(name string, tmplFunc interface{}) {
+	templateFuncs[name] = tmplFunc
+}
+
+// AddTemplateFuncs adds multiple template functions that are available to Usage and
+// Help template generation.
+func AddTemplateFuncs(tmplFuncs template.FuncMap) {
+	for k, v := range tmplFuncs {
+		templateFuncs[k] = v
+	}
+}
+
+// OnInitialize sets the passed functions to be run when each command's
+// Execute method is called.
+func OnInitialize(y ...func()) {
+	initializers = append(initializers, y...)
+}
+
+// OnFinalize sets the passed functions to be run when each command's
+// Execute method is terminated.
+func OnFinalize(y ...func()) {
+	finalizers = append(finalizers, y...)
+}
+
+// FIXME Gt is unused by cobra and should be removed in a version 2. It exists only for compatibility with users of cobra.
+
+// Gt takes two types and checks whether the first type is greater than the second. In case of types Arrays, Chans,
+// Maps and Slices, Gt will compare their lengths. Ints are compared directly while strings are first parsed as
+// ints and then compared.
+func Gt(a interface{}, b interface{}) bool {
+	var left, right int64
+	av := reflect.ValueOf(a)
+
+	switch av.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Array, reflect.Chan, reflect.Map, reflect.Slice:
+		left = int64(av.Len())
+	case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64:
+		left = av.Int()
+	case reflect.String:
+		left, _ = strconv.ParseInt(av.String(), 10, 64)
+	}
+
+	bv := reflect.ValueOf(b)
+
+	switch bv.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Array, reflect.Chan, reflect.Map, reflect.Slice:
+		right = int64(bv.Len())
+	case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64:
+		right = bv.Int()
+	case reflect.String:
+		right, _ = strconv.ParseInt(bv.String(), 10, 64)
+	}
+
+	return left > right
+}
+
+// FIXME Eq is unused by cobra and should be removed in a version 2. It exists only for compatibility with users of cobra.
+
+// Eq takes two types and checks whether they are equal. Supported types are int and string. Unsupported types will panic.
+func Eq(a interface{}, b interface{}) bool {
+	av := reflect.ValueOf(a)
+	bv := reflect.ValueOf(b)
+
+	switch av.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Array, reflect.Chan, reflect.Map, reflect.Slice:
+		panic("Eq called on unsupported type")
+	case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64:
+		return av.Int() == bv.Int()
+	case reflect.String:
+		return av.String() == bv.String()
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func trimRightSpace(s string) string {
+	return strings.TrimRightFunc(s, unicode.IsSpace)
+}
+
+// FIXME appendIfNotPresent is unused by cobra and should be removed in a version 2. It exists only for compatibility with users of cobra.
+
+// appendIfNotPresent will append stringToAppend to the end of s, but only if it's not yet present in s.
+func appendIfNotPresent(s, stringToAppend string) string {
+	if strings.Contains(s, stringToAppend) {
+		return s
+	}
+	return s + " " + stringToAppend
+}
+
+// rpad adds padding to the right of a string.
+func rpad(s string, padding int) string {
+	formattedString := fmt.Sprintf("%%-%ds", padding)
+	return fmt.Sprintf(formattedString, s)
+}
+
+// tmpl executes the given template text on data, writing the result to w.
+func tmpl(w io.Writer, text string, data interface{}) error {
+	t := template.New("top")
+	t.Funcs(templateFuncs)
+	template.Must(t.Parse(text))
+	return t.Execute(w, data)
+}
+
+// ld compares two strings and returns the levenshtein distance between them.
+func ld(s, t string, ignoreCase bool) int {
+	if ignoreCase {
+		s = strings.ToLower(s)
+		t = strings.ToLower(t)
+	}
+	d := make([][]int, len(s)+1)
+	for i := range d {
+		d[i] = make([]int, len(t)+1)
+	}
+	for i := range d {
+		d[i][0] = i
+	}
+	for j := range d[0] {
+		d[0][j] = j
+	}
+	for j := 1; j <= len(t); j++ {
+		for i := 1; i <= len(s); i++ {
+			if s[i-1] == t[j-1] {
+				d[i][j] = d[i-1][j-1]
+			} else {
+				min := d[i-1][j]
+				if d[i][j-1] < min {
+					min = d[i][j-1]
+				}
+				if d[i-1][j-1] < min {
+					min = d[i-1][j-1]
+				}
+				d[i][j] = min + 1
+			}
+		}
+
+	}
+	return d[len(s)][len(t)]
+}
+
+func stringInSlice(a string, list []string) bool {
+	for _, b := range list {
+		if b == a {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// CheckErr prints the msg with the prefix 'Error:' and exits with error code 1. If the msg is nil, it does nothing.
+func CheckErr(msg interface{}) {
+	if msg != nil {
+		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "Error:", msg)
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+}
+
+// WriteStringAndCheck writes a string into a buffer, and checks if the error is not nil.
+func WriteStringAndCheck(b io.StringWriter, s string) {
+	_, err := b.WriteString(s)
+	CheckErr(err)
+}
diff --git a/cobra_test.go b/cobra_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fbb07f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cobra_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cobra
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+	"text/template"
+)
+
+func assertNoErr(t *testing.T, e error) {
+	if e != nil {
+		t.Error(e)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAddTemplateFunctions(t *testing.T) {
+	AddTemplateFunc("t", func() bool { return true })
+	AddTemplateFuncs(template.FuncMap{
+		"f": func() bool { return false },
+		"h": func() string { return "Hello," },
+		"w": func() string { return "world." }})
+
+	c := &Command{}
+	c.SetUsageTemplate(`{{if t}}{{h}}{{end}}{{if f}}{{h}}{{end}} {{w}}`)
+
+	const expected = "Hello, world."
+	if got := c.UsageString(); got != expected {
+		t.Errorf("Expected UsageString: %v\nGot: %v", expected, got)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/command.go b/command.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2fbe6c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/command.go
@@ -0,0 +1,1885 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+// Package cobra is a commander providing a simple interface to create powerful modern CLI interfaces.
+// In addition to providing an interface, Cobra simultaneously provides a controller to organize your application code.
+package cobra
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+
+	flag "github.com/spf13/pflag"
+)
+
+const (
+	FlagSetByCobraAnnotation     = "cobra_annotation_flag_set_by_cobra"
+	CommandDisplayNameAnnotation = "cobra_annotation_command_display_name"
+)
+
+// FParseErrWhitelist configures Flag parse errors to be ignored
+type FParseErrWhitelist flag.ParseErrorsWhitelist
+
+// Group Structure to manage groups for commands
+type Group struct {
+	ID    string
+	Title string
+}
+
+// Command is just that, a command for your application.
+// E.g.  'go run ...' - 'run' is the command. Cobra requires
+// you to define the usage and description as part of your command
+// definition to ensure usability.
+type Command struct {
+	// Use is the one-line usage message.
+	// Recommended syntax is as follows:
+	//   [ ] identifies an optional argument. Arguments that are not enclosed in brackets are required.
+	//   ... indicates that you can specify multiple values for the previous argument.
+	//   |   indicates mutually exclusive information. You can use the argument to the left of the separator or the
+	//       argument to the right of the separator. You cannot use both arguments in a single use of the command.
+	//   { } delimits a set of mutually exclusive arguments when one of the arguments is required. If the arguments are
+	//       optional, they are enclosed in brackets ([ ]).
+	// Example: add [-F file | -D dir]... [-f format] profile
+	Use string
+
+	// Aliases is an array of aliases that can be used instead of the first word in Use.
+	Aliases []string
+
+	// SuggestFor is an array of command names for which this command will be suggested -
+	// similar to aliases but only suggests.
+	SuggestFor []string
+
+	// Short is the short description shown in the 'help' output.
+	Short string
+
+	// The group id under which this subcommand is grouped in the 'help' output of its parent.
+	GroupID string
+
+	// Long is the long message shown in the 'help <this-command>' output.
+	Long string
+
+	// Example is examples of how to use the command.
+	Example string
+
+	// ValidArgs is list of all valid non-flag arguments that are accepted in shell completions
+	ValidArgs []string
+	// ValidArgsFunction is an optional function that provides valid non-flag arguments for shell completion.
+	// It is a dynamic version of using ValidArgs.
+	// Only one of ValidArgs and ValidArgsFunction can be used for a command.
+	ValidArgsFunction func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective)
+
+	// Expected arguments
+	Args PositionalArgs
+
+	// ArgAliases is List of aliases for ValidArgs.
+	// These are not suggested to the user in the shell completion,
+	// but accepted if entered manually.
+	ArgAliases []string
+
+	// BashCompletionFunction is custom bash functions used by the legacy bash autocompletion generator.
+	// For portability with other shells, it is recommended to instead use ValidArgsFunction
+	BashCompletionFunction string
+
+	// Deprecated defines, if this command is deprecated and should print this string when used.
+	Deprecated string
+
+	// Annotations are key/value pairs that can be used by applications to identify or
+	// group commands or set special options.
+	Annotations map[string]string
+
+	// Version defines the version for this command. If this value is non-empty and the command does not
+	// define a "version" flag, a "version" boolean flag will be added to the command and, if specified,
+	// will print content of the "Version" variable. A shorthand "v" flag will also be added if the
+	// command does not define one.
+	Version string
+
+	// The *Run functions are executed in the following order:
+	//   * PersistentPreRun()
+	//   * PreRun()
+	//   * Run()
+	//   * PostRun()
+	//   * PersistentPostRun()
+	// All functions get the same args, the arguments after the command name.
+	// The *PreRun and *PostRun functions will only be executed if the Run function of the current
+	// command has been declared.
+	//
+	// PersistentPreRun: children of this command will inherit and execute.
+	PersistentPreRun func(cmd *Command, args []string)
+	// PersistentPreRunE: PersistentPreRun but returns an error.
+	PersistentPreRunE func(cmd *Command, args []string) error
+	// PreRun: children of this command will not inherit.
+	PreRun func(cmd *Command, args []string)
+	// PreRunE: PreRun but returns an error.
+	PreRunE func(cmd *Command, args []string) error
+	// Run: Typically the actual work function. Most commands will only implement this.
+	Run func(cmd *Command, args []string)
+	// RunE: Run but returns an error.
+	RunE func(cmd *Command, args []string) error
+	// PostRun: run after the Run command.
+	PostRun func(cmd *Command, args []string)
+	// PostRunE: PostRun but returns an error.
+	PostRunE func(cmd *Command, args []string) error
+	// PersistentPostRun: children of this command will inherit and execute after PostRun.
+	PersistentPostRun func(cmd *Command, args []string)
+	// PersistentPostRunE: PersistentPostRun but returns an error.
+	PersistentPostRunE func(cmd *Command, args []string) error
+
+	// groups for subcommands
+	commandgroups []*Group
+
+	// args is actual args parsed from flags.
+	args []string
+	// flagErrorBuf contains all error messages from pflag.
+	flagErrorBuf *bytes.Buffer
+	// flags is full set of flags.
+	flags *flag.FlagSet
+	// pflags contains persistent flags.
+	pflags *flag.FlagSet
+	// lflags contains local flags.
+	lflags *flag.FlagSet
+	// iflags contains inherited flags.
+	iflags *flag.FlagSet
+	// parentsPflags is all persistent flags of cmd's parents.
+	parentsPflags *flag.FlagSet
+	// globNormFunc is the global normalization function
+	// that we can use on every pflag set and children commands
+	globNormFunc func(f *flag.FlagSet, name string) flag.NormalizedName
+
+	// usageFunc is usage func defined by user.
+	usageFunc func(*Command) error
+	// usageTemplate is usage template defined by user.
+	usageTemplate string
+	// flagErrorFunc is func defined by user and it's called when the parsing of
+	// flags returns an error.
+	flagErrorFunc func(*Command, error) error
+	// helpTemplate is help template defined by user.
+	helpTemplate string
+	// helpFunc is help func defined by user.
+	helpFunc func(*Command, []string)
+	// helpCommand is command with usage 'help'. If it's not defined by user,
+	// cobra uses default help command.
+	helpCommand *Command
+	// helpCommandGroupID is the group id for the helpCommand
+	helpCommandGroupID string
+
+	// completionCommandGroupID is the group id for the completion command
+	completionCommandGroupID string
+
+	// versionTemplate is the version template defined by user.
+	versionTemplate string
+
+	// errPrefix is the error message prefix defined by user.
+	errPrefix string
+
+	// inReader is a reader defined by the user that replaces stdin
+	inReader io.Reader
+	// outWriter is a writer defined by the user that replaces stdout
+	outWriter io.Writer
+	// errWriter is a writer defined by the user that replaces stderr
+	errWriter io.Writer
+
+	// FParseErrWhitelist flag parse errors to be ignored
+	FParseErrWhitelist FParseErrWhitelist
+
+	// CompletionOptions is a set of options to control the handling of shell completion
+	CompletionOptions CompletionOptions
+
+	// commandsAreSorted defines, if command slice are sorted or not.
+	commandsAreSorted bool
+	// commandCalledAs is the name or alias value used to call this command.
+	commandCalledAs struct {
+		name   string
+		called bool
+	}
+
+	ctx context.Context
+
+	// commands is the list of commands supported by this program.
+	commands []*Command
+	// parent is a parent command for this command.
+	parent *Command
+	// Max lengths of commands' string lengths for use in padding.
+	commandsMaxUseLen         int
+	commandsMaxCommandPathLen int
+	commandsMaxNameLen        int
+
+	// TraverseChildren parses flags on all parents before executing child command.
+	TraverseChildren bool
+
+	// Hidden defines, if this command is hidden and should NOT show up in the list of available commands.
+	Hidden bool
+
+	// SilenceErrors is an option to quiet errors down stream.
+	SilenceErrors bool
+
+	// SilenceUsage is an option to silence usage when an error occurs.
+	SilenceUsage bool
+
+	// DisableFlagParsing disables the flag parsing.
+	// If this is true all flags will be passed to the command as arguments.
+	DisableFlagParsing bool
+
+	// DisableAutoGenTag defines, if gen tag ("Auto generated by spf13/cobra...")
+	// will be printed by generating docs for this command.
+	DisableAutoGenTag bool
+
+	// DisableFlagsInUseLine will disable the addition of [flags] to the usage
+	// line of a command when printing help or generating docs
+	DisableFlagsInUseLine bool
+
+	// DisableSuggestions disables the suggestions based on Levenshtein distance
+	// that go along with 'unknown command' messages.
+	DisableSuggestions bool
+
+	// SuggestionsMinimumDistance defines minimum levenshtein distance to display suggestions.
+	// Must be > 0.
+	SuggestionsMinimumDistance int
+}
+
+// Context returns underlying command context. If command was executed
+// with ExecuteContext or the context was set with SetContext, the
+// previously set context will be returned. Otherwise, nil is returned.
+//
+// Notice that a call to Execute and ExecuteC will replace a nil context of
+// a command with a context.Background, so a background context will be
+// returned by Context after one of these functions has been called.
+func (c *Command) Context() context.Context {
+	return c.ctx
+}
+
+// SetContext sets context for the command. This context will be overwritten by
+// Command.ExecuteContext or Command.ExecuteContextC.
+func (c *Command) SetContext(ctx context.Context) {
+	c.ctx = ctx
+}
+
+// SetArgs sets arguments for the command. It is set to os.Args[1:] by default, if desired, can be overridden
+// particularly useful when testing.
+func (c *Command) SetArgs(a []string) {
+	c.args = a
+}
+
+// SetOutput sets the destination for usage and error messages.
+// If output is nil, os.Stderr is used.
+// Deprecated: Use SetOut and/or SetErr instead
+func (c *Command) SetOutput(output io.Writer) {
+	c.outWriter = output
+	c.errWriter = output
+}
+
+// SetOut sets the destination for usage messages.
+// If newOut is nil, os.Stdout is used.
+func (c *Command) SetOut(newOut io.Writer) {
+	c.outWriter = newOut
+}
+
+// SetErr sets the destination for error messages.
+// If newErr is nil, os.Stderr is used.
+func (c *Command) SetErr(newErr io.Writer) {
+	c.errWriter = newErr
+}
+
+// SetIn sets the source for input data
+// If newIn is nil, os.Stdin is used.
+func (c *Command) SetIn(newIn io.Reader) {
+	c.inReader = newIn
+}
+
+// SetUsageFunc sets usage function. Usage can be defined by application.
+func (c *Command) SetUsageFunc(f func(*Command) error) {
+	c.usageFunc = f
+}
+
+// SetUsageTemplate sets usage template. Can be defined by Application.
+func (c *Command) SetUsageTemplate(s string) {
+	c.usageTemplate = s
+}
+
+// SetFlagErrorFunc sets a function to generate an error when flag parsing
+// fails.
+func (c *Command) SetFlagErrorFunc(f func(*Command, error) error) {
+	c.flagErrorFunc = f
+}
+
+// SetHelpFunc sets help function. Can be defined by Application.
+func (c *Command) SetHelpFunc(f func(*Command, []string)) {
+	c.helpFunc = f
+}
+
+// SetHelpCommand sets help command.
+func (c *Command) SetHelpCommand(cmd *Command) {
+	c.helpCommand = cmd
+}
+
+// SetHelpCommandGroupID sets the group id of the help command.
+func (c *Command) SetHelpCommandGroupID(groupID string) {
+	if c.helpCommand != nil {
+		c.helpCommand.GroupID = groupID
+	}
+	// helpCommandGroupID is used if no helpCommand is defined by the user
+	c.helpCommandGroupID = groupID
+}
+
+// SetCompletionCommandGroupID sets the group id of the completion command.
+func (c *Command) SetCompletionCommandGroupID(groupID string) {
+	// completionCommandGroupID is used if no completion command is defined by the user
+	c.Root().completionCommandGroupID = groupID
+}
+
+// SetHelpTemplate sets help template to be used. Application can use it to set custom template.
+func (c *Command) SetHelpTemplate(s string) {
+	c.helpTemplate = s
+}
+
+// SetVersionTemplate sets version template to be used. Application can use it to set custom template.
+func (c *Command) SetVersionTemplate(s string) {
+	c.versionTemplate = s
+}
+
+// SetErrPrefix sets error message prefix to be used. Application can use it to set custom prefix.
+func (c *Command) SetErrPrefix(s string) {
+	c.errPrefix = s
+}
+
+// SetGlobalNormalizationFunc sets a normalization function to all flag sets and also to child commands.
+// The user should not have a cyclic dependency on commands.
+func (c *Command) SetGlobalNormalizationFunc(n func(f *flag.FlagSet, name string) flag.NormalizedName) {
+	c.Flags().SetNormalizeFunc(n)
+	c.PersistentFlags().SetNormalizeFunc(n)
+	c.globNormFunc = n
+
+	for _, command := range c.commands {
+		command.SetGlobalNormalizationFunc(n)
+	}
+}
+
+// OutOrStdout returns output to stdout.
+func (c *Command) OutOrStdout() io.Writer {
+	return c.getOut(os.Stdout)
+}
+
+// OutOrStderr returns output to stderr
+func (c *Command) OutOrStderr() io.Writer {
+	return c.getOut(os.Stderr)
+}
+
+// ErrOrStderr returns output to stderr
+func (c *Command) ErrOrStderr() io.Writer {
+	return c.getErr(os.Stderr)
+}
+
+// InOrStdin returns input to stdin
+func (c *Command) InOrStdin() io.Reader {
+	return c.getIn(os.Stdin)
+}
+
+func (c *Command) getOut(def io.Writer) io.Writer {
+	if c.outWriter != nil {
+		return c.outWriter
+	}
+	if c.HasParent() {
+		return c.parent.getOut(def)
+	}
+	return def
+}
+
+func (c *Command) getErr(def io.Writer) io.Writer {
+	if c.errWriter != nil {
+		return c.errWriter
+	}
+	if c.HasParent() {
+		return c.parent.getErr(def)
+	}
+	return def
+}
+
+func (c *Command) getIn(def io.Reader) io.Reader {
+	if c.inReader != nil {
+		return c.inReader
+	}
+	if c.HasParent() {
+		return c.parent.getIn(def)
+	}
+	return def
+}
+
+// UsageFunc returns either the function set by SetUsageFunc for this command
+// or a parent, or it returns a default usage function.
+func (c *Command) UsageFunc() (f func(*Command) error) {
+	if c.usageFunc != nil {
+		return c.usageFunc
+	}
+	if c.HasParent() {
+		return c.Parent().UsageFunc()
+	}
+	return func(c *Command) error {
+		c.mergePersistentFlags()
+		err := tmpl(c.OutOrStderr(), c.UsageTemplate(), c)
+		if err != nil {
+			c.PrintErrln(err)
+		}
+		return err
+	}
+}
+
+// Usage puts out the usage for the command.
+// Used when a user provides invalid input.
+// Can be defined by user by overriding UsageFunc.
+func (c *Command) Usage() error {
+	return c.UsageFunc()(c)
+}
+
+// HelpFunc returns either the function set by SetHelpFunc for this command
+// or a parent, or it returns a function with default help behavior.
+func (c *Command) HelpFunc() func(*Command, []string) {
+	if c.helpFunc != nil {
+		return c.helpFunc
+	}
+	if c.HasParent() {
+		return c.Parent().HelpFunc()
+	}
+	return func(c *Command, a []string) {
+		c.mergePersistentFlags()
+		// The help should be sent to stdout
+		// See https://github.com/spf13/cobra/issues/1002
+		err := tmpl(c.OutOrStdout(), c.HelpTemplate(), c)
+		if err != nil {
+			c.PrintErrln(err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Help puts out the help for the command.
+// Used when a user calls help [command].
+// Can be defined by user by overriding HelpFunc.
+func (c *Command) Help() error {
+	c.HelpFunc()(c, []string{})
+	return nil
+}
+
+// UsageString returns usage string.
+func (c *Command) UsageString() string {
+	// Storing normal writers
+	tmpOutput := c.outWriter
+	tmpErr := c.errWriter
+
+	bb := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	c.outWriter = bb
+	c.errWriter = bb
+
+	CheckErr(c.Usage())
+
+	// Setting things back to normal
+	c.outWriter = tmpOutput
+	c.errWriter = tmpErr
+
+	return bb.String()
+}
+
+// FlagErrorFunc returns either the function set by SetFlagErrorFunc for this
+// command or a parent, or it returns a function which returns the original
+// error.
+func (c *Command) FlagErrorFunc() (f func(*Command, error) error) {
+	if c.flagErrorFunc != nil {
+		return c.flagErrorFunc
+	}
+
+	if c.HasParent() {
+		return c.parent.FlagErrorFunc()
+	}
+	return func(c *Command, err error) error {
+		return err
+	}
+}
+
+var minUsagePadding = 25
+
+// UsagePadding return padding for the usage.
+func (c *Command) UsagePadding() int {
+	if c.parent == nil || minUsagePadding > c.parent.commandsMaxUseLen {
+		return minUsagePadding
+	}
+	return c.parent.commandsMaxUseLen
+}
+
+var minCommandPathPadding = 11
+
+// CommandPathPadding return padding for the command path.
+func (c *Command) CommandPathPadding() int {
+	if c.parent == nil || minCommandPathPadding > c.parent.commandsMaxCommandPathLen {
+		return minCommandPathPadding
+	}
+	return c.parent.commandsMaxCommandPathLen
+}
+
+var minNamePadding = 11
+
+// NamePadding returns padding for the name.
+func (c *Command) NamePadding() int {
+	if c.parent == nil || minNamePadding > c.parent.commandsMaxNameLen {
+		return minNamePadding
+	}
+	return c.parent.commandsMaxNameLen
+}
+
+// UsageTemplate returns usage template for the command.
+func (c *Command) UsageTemplate() string {
+	if c.usageTemplate != "" {
+		return c.usageTemplate
+	}
+
+	if c.HasParent() {
+		return c.parent.UsageTemplate()
+	}
+	return `Usage:{{if .Runnable}}
+  {{.UseLine}}{{end}}{{if .HasAvailableSubCommands}}
+  {{.CommandPath}} [command]{{end}}{{if gt (len .Aliases) 0}}
+
+Aliases:
+  {{.NameAndAliases}}{{end}}{{if .HasExample}}
+
+Examples:
+{{.Example}}{{end}}{{if .HasAvailableSubCommands}}{{$cmds := .Commands}}{{if eq (len .Groups) 0}}
+
+Available Commands:{{range $cmds}}{{if (or .IsAvailableCommand (eq .Name "help"))}}
+  {{rpad .Name .NamePadding }} {{.Short}}{{end}}{{end}}{{else}}{{range $group := .Groups}}
+
+{{.Title}}{{range $cmds}}{{if (and (eq .GroupID $group.ID) (or .IsAvailableCommand (eq .Name "help")))}}
+  {{rpad .Name .NamePadding }} {{.Short}}{{end}}{{end}}{{end}}{{if not .AllChildCommandsHaveGroup}}
+
+Additional Commands:{{range $cmds}}{{if (and (eq .GroupID "") (or .IsAvailableCommand (eq .Name "help")))}}
+  {{rpad .Name .NamePadding }} {{.Short}}{{end}}{{end}}{{end}}{{end}}{{end}}{{if .HasAvailableLocalFlags}}
+
+Flags:
+{{.LocalFlags.FlagUsages | trimTrailingWhitespaces}}{{end}}{{if .HasAvailableInheritedFlags}}
+
+Global Flags:
+{{.InheritedFlags.FlagUsages | trimTrailingWhitespaces}}{{end}}{{if .HasHelpSubCommands}}
+
+Additional help topics:{{range .Commands}}{{if .IsAdditionalHelpTopicCommand}}
+  {{rpad .CommandPath .CommandPathPadding}} {{.Short}}{{end}}{{end}}{{end}}{{if .HasAvailableSubCommands}}
+
+Use "{{.CommandPath}} [command] --help" for more information about a command.{{end}}
+`
+}
+
+// HelpTemplate return help template for the command.
+func (c *Command) HelpTemplate() string {
+	if c.helpTemplate != "" {
+		return c.helpTemplate
+	}
+
+	if c.HasParent() {
+		return c.parent.HelpTemplate()
+	}
+	return `{{with (or .Long .Short)}}{{. | trimTrailingWhitespaces}}
+
+{{end}}{{if or .Runnable .HasSubCommands}}{{.UsageString}}{{end}}`
+}
+
+// VersionTemplate return version template for the command.
+func (c *Command) VersionTemplate() string {
+	if c.versionTemplate != "" {
+		return c.versionTemplate
+	}
+
+	if c.HasParent() {
+		return c.parent.VersionTemplate()
+	}
+	return `{{with .Name}}{{printf "%s " .}}{{end}}{{printf "version %s" .Version}}
+`
+}
+
+// ErrPrefix return error message prefix for the command
+func (c *Command) ErrPrefix() string {
+	if c.errPrefix != "" {
+		return c.errPrefix
+	}
+
+	if c.HasParent() {
+		return c.parent.ErrPrefix()
+	}
+	return "Error:"
+}
+
+func hasNoOptDefVal(name string, fs *flag.FlagSet) bool {
+	flag := fs.Lookup(name)
+	if flag == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	return flag.NoOptDefVal != ""
+}
+
+func shortHasNoOptDefVal(name string, fs *flag.FlagSet) bool {
+	if len(name) == 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	flag := fs.ShorthandLookup(name[:1])
+	if flag == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	return flag.NoOptDefVal != ""
+}
+
+func stripFlags(args []string, c *Command) []string {
+	if len(args) == 0 {
+		return args
+	}
+	c.mergePersistentFlags()
+
+	commands := []string{}
+	flags := c.Flags()
+
+Loop:
+	for len(args) > 0 {
+		s := args[0]
+		args = args[1:]
+		switch {
+		case s == "--":
+			// "--" terminates the flags
+			break Loop
+		case strings.HasPrefix(s, "--") && !strings.Contains(s, "=") && !hasNoOptDefVal(s[2:], flags):
+			// If '--flag arg' then
+			// delete arg from args.
+			fallthrough // (do the same as below)
+		case strings.HasPrefix(s, "-") && !strings.Contains(s, "=") && len(s) == 2 && !shortHasNoOptDefVal(s[1:], flags):
+			// If '-f arg' then
+			// delete 'arg' from args or break the loop if len(args) <= 1.
+			if len(args) <= 1 {
+				break Loop
+			} else {
+				args = args[1:]
+				continue
+			}
+		case s != "" && !strings.HasPrefix(s, "-"):
+			commands = append(commands, s)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return commands
+}
+
+// argsMinusFirstX removes only the first x from args.  Otherwise, commands that look like
+// openshift admin policy add-role-to-user admin my-user, lose the admin argument (arg[4]).
+// Special care needs to be taken not to remove a flag value.
+func (c *Command) argsMinusFirstX(args []string, x string) []string {
+	if len(args) == 0 {
+		return args
+	}
+	c.mergePersistentFlags()
+	flags := c.Flags()
+
+Loop:
+	for pos := 0; pos < len(args); pos++ {
+		s := args[pos]
+		switch {
+		case s == "--":
+			// -- means we have reached the end of the parseable args. Break out of the loop now.
+			break Loop
+		case strings.HasPrefix(s, "--") && !strings.Contains(s, "=") && !hasNoOptDefVal(s[2:], flags):
+			fallthrough
+		case strings.HasPrefix(s, "-") && !strings.Contains(s, "=") && len(s) == 2 && !shortHasNoOptDefVal(s[1:], flags):
+			// This is a flag without a default value, and an equal sign is not used. Increment pos in order to skip
+			// over the next arg, because that is the value of this flag.
+			pos++
+			continue
+		case !strings.HasPrefix(s, "-"):
+			// This is not a flag or a flag value. Check to see if it matches what we're looking for, and if so,
+			// return the args, excluding the one at this position.
+			if s == x {
+				ret := []string{}
+				ret = append(ret, args[:pos]...)
+				ret = append(ret, args[pos+1:]...)
+				return ret
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return args
+}
+
+func isFlagArg(arg string) bool {
+	return ((len(arg) >= 3 && arg[0:2] == "--") ||
+		(len(arg) >= 2 && arg[0] == '-' && arg[1] != '-'))
+}
+
+// Find the target command given the args and command tree
+// Meant to be run on the highest node. Only searches down.
+func (c *Command) Find(args []string) (*Command, []string, error) {
+	var innerfind func(*Command, []string) (*Command, []string)
+
+	innerfind = func(c *Command, innerArgs []string) (*Command, []string) {
+		argsWOflags := stripFlags(innerArgs, c)
+		if len(argsWOflags) == 0 {
+			return c, innerArgs
+		}
+		nextSubCmd := argsWOflags[0]
+
+		cmd := c.findNext(nextSubCmd)
+		if cmd != nil {
+			return innerfind(cmd, c.argsMinusFirstX(innerArgs, nextSubCmd))
+		}
+		return c, innerArgs
+	}
+
+	commandFound, a := innerfind(c, args)
+	if commandFound.Args == nil {
+		return commandFound, a, legacyArgs(commandFound, stripFlags(a, commandFound))
+	}
+	return commandFound, a, nil
+}
+
+func (c *Command) findSuggestions(arg string) string {
+	if c.DisableSuggestions {
+		return ""
+	}
+	if c.SuggestionsMinimumDistance <= 0 {
+		c.SuggestionsMinimumDistance = 2
+	}
+	suggestionsString := ""
+	if suggestions := c.SuggestionsFor(arg); len(suggestions) > 0 {
+		suggestionsString += "\n\nDid you mean this?\n"
+		for _, s := range suggestions {
+			suggestionsString += fmt.Sprintf("\t%v\n", s)
+		}
+	}
+	return suggestionsString
+}
+
+func (c *Command) findNext(next string) *Command {
+	matches := make([]*Command, 0)
+	for _, cmd := range c.commands {
+		if commandNameMatches(cmd.Name(), next) || cmd.HasAlias(next) {
+			cmd.commandCalledAs.name = next
+			return cmd
+		}
+		if EnablePrefixMatching && cmd.hasNameOrAliasPrefix(next) {
+			matches = append(matches, cmd)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(matches) == 1 {
+		// Temporarily disable gosec G602, which produces a false positive.
+		// See https://github.com/securego/gosec/issues/1005.
+		return matches[0] // #nosec G602
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Traverse the command tree to find the command, and parse args for
+// each parent.
+func (c *Command) Traverse(args []string) (*Command, []string, error) {
+	flags := []string{}
+	inFlag := false
+
+	for i, arg := range args {
+		switch {
+		// A long flag with a space separated value
+		case strings.HasPrefix(arg, "--") && !strings.Contains(arg, "="):
+			// TODO: this isn't quite right, we should really check ahead for 'true' or 'false'
+			inFlag = !hasNoOptDefVal(arg[2:], c.Flags())
+			flags = append(flags, arg)
+			continue
+		// A short flag with a space separated value
+		case strings.HasPrefix(arg, "-") && !strings.Contains(arg, "=") && len(arg) == 2 && !shortHasNoOptDefVal(arg[1:], c.Flags()):
+			inFlag = true
+			flags = append(flags, arg)
+			continue
+		// The value for a flag
+		case inFlag:
+			inFlag = false
+			flags = append(flags, arg)
+			continue
+		// A flag without a value, or with an `=` separated value
+		case isFlagArg(arg):
+			flags = append(flags, arg)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		cmd := c.findNext(arg)
+		if cmd == nil {
+			return c, args, nil
+		}
+
+		if err := c.ParseFlags(flags); err != nil {
+			return nil, args, err
+		}
+		return cmd.Traverse(args[i+1:])
+	}
+	return c, args, nil
+}
+
+// SuggestionsFor provides suggestions for the typedName.
+func (c *Command) SuggestionsFor(typedName string) []string {
+	suggestions := []string{}
+	for _, cmd := range c.commands {
+		if cmd.IsAvailableCommand() {
+			levenshteinDistance := ld(typedName, cmd.Name(), true)
+			suggestByLevenshtein := levenshteinDistance <= c.SuggestionsMinimumDistance
+			suggestByPrefix := strings.HasPrefix(strings.ToLower(cmd.Name()), strings.ToLower(typedName))
+			if suggestByLevenshtein || suggestByPrefix {
+				suggestions = append(suggestions, cmd.Name())
+			}
+			for _, explicitSuggestion := range cmd.SuggestFor {
+				if strings.EqualFold(typedName, explicitSuggestion) {
+					suggestions = append(suggestions, cmd.Name())
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return suggestions
+}
+
+// VisitParents visits all parents of the command and invokes fn on each parent.
+func (c *Command) VisitParents(fn func(*Command)) {
+	if c.HasParent() {
+		fn(c.Parent())
+		c.Parent().VisitParents(fn)
+	}
+}
+
+// Root finds root command.
+func (c *Command) Root() *Command {
+	if c.HasParent() {
+		return c.Parent().Root()
+	}
+	return c
+}
+
+// ArgsLenAtDash will return the length of c.Flags().Args at the moment
+// when a -- was found during args parsing.
+func (c *Command) ArgsLenAtDash() int {
+	return c.Flags().ArgsLenAtDash()
+}
+
+func (c *Command) execute(a []string) (err error) {
+	if c == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("Called Execute() on a nil Command")
+	}
+
+	if len(c.Deprecated) > 0 {
+		c.Printf("Command %q is deprecated, %s\n", c.Name(), c.Deprecated)
+	}
+
+	// initialize help and version flag at the last point possible to allow for user
+	// overriding
+	c.InitDefaultHelpFlag()
+	c.InitDefaultVersionFlag()
+
+	err = c.ParseFlags(a)
+	if err != nil {
+		return c.FlagErrorFunc()(c, err)
+	}
+
+	// If help is called, regardless of other flags, return we want help.
+	// Also say we need help if the command isn't runnable.
+	helpVal, err := c.Flags().GetBool("help")
+	if err != nil {
+		// should be impossible to get here as we always declare a help
+		// flag in InitDefaultHelpFlag()
+		c.Println("\"help\" flag declared as non-bool. Please correct your code")
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if helpVal {
+		return flag.ErrHelp
+	}
+
+	// for back-compat, only add version flag behavior if version is defined
+	if c.Version != "" {
+		versionVal, err := c.Flags().GetBool("version")
+		if err != nil {
+			c.Println("\"version\" flag declared as non-bool. Please correct your code")
+			return err
+		}
+		if versionVal {
+			err := tmpl(c.OutOrStdout(), c.VersionTemplate(), c)
+			if err != nil {
+				c.Println(err)
+			}
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if !c.Runnable() {
+		return flag.ErrHelp
+	}
+
+	c.preRun()
+
+	defer c.postRun()
+
+	argWoFlags := c.Flags().Args()
+	if c.DisableFlagParsing {
+		argWoFlags = a
+	}
+
+	if err := c.ValidateArgs(argWoFlags); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	parents := make([]*Command, 0, 5)
+	for p := c; p != nil; p = p.Parent() {
+		if EnableTraverseRunHooks {
+			// When EnableTraverseRunHooks is set:
+			// - Execute all persistent pre-runs from the root parent till this command.
+			// - Execute all persistent post-runs from this command till the root parent.
+			parents = append([]*Command{p}, parents...)
+		} else {
+			// Otherwise, execute only the first found persistent hook.
+			parents = append(parents, p)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, p := range parents {
+		if p.PersistentPreRunE != nil {
+			if err := p.PersistentPreRunE(c, argWoFlags); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			if !EnableTraverseRunHooks {
+				break
+			}
+		} else if p.PersistentPreRun != nil {
+			p.PersistentPreRun(c, argWoFlags)
+			if !EnableTraverseRunHooks {
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if c.PreRunE != nil {
+		if err := c.PreRunE(c, argWoFlags); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	} else if c.PreRun != nil {
+		c.PreRun(c, argWoFlags)
+	}
+
+	if err := c.ValidateRequiredFlags(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := c.ValidateFlagGroups(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if c.RunE != nil {
+		if err := c.RunE(c, argWoFlags); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	} else {
+		c.Run(c, argWoFlags)
+	}
+	if c.PostRunE != nil {
+		if err := c.PostRunE(c, argWoFlags); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	} else if c.PostRun != nil {
+		c.PostRun(c, argWoFlags)
+	}
+	for p := c; p != nil; p = p.Parent() {
+		if p.PersistentPostRunE != nil {
+			if err := p.PersistentPostRunE(c, argWoFlags); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			if !EnableTraverseRunHooks {
+				break
+			}
+		} else if p.PersistentPostRun != nil {
+			p.PersistentPostRun(c, argWoFlags)
+			if !EnableTraverseRunHooks {
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *Command) preRun() {
+	for _, x := range initializers {
+		x()
+	}
+}
+
+func (c *Command) postRun() {
+	for _, x := range finalizers {
+		x()
+	}
+}
+
+// ExecuteContext is the same as Execute(), but sets the ctx on the command.
+// Retrieve ctx by calling cmd.Context() inside your *Run lifecycle or ValidArgs
+// functions.
+func (c *Command) ExecuteContext(ctx context.Context) error {
+	c.ctx = ctx
+	return c.Execute()
+}
+
+// Execute uses the args (os.Args[1:] by default)
+// and run through the command tree finding appropriate matches
+// for commands and then corresponding flags.
+func (c *Command) Execute() error {
+	_, err := c.ExecuteC()
+	return err
+}
+
+// ExecuteContextC is the same as ExecuteC(), but sets the ctx on the command.
+// Retrieve ctx by calling cmd.Context() inside your *Run lifecycle or ValidArgs
+// functions.
+func (c *Command) ExecuteContextC(ctx context.Context) (*Command, error) {
+	c.ctx = ctx
+	return c.ExecuteC()
+}
+
+// ExecuteC executes the command.
+func (c *Command) ExecuteC() (cmd *Command, err error) {
+	if c.ctx == nil {
+		c.ctx = context.Background()
+	}
+
+	// Regardless of what command execute is called on, run on Root only
+	if c.HasParent() {
+		return c.Root().ExecuteC()
+	}
+
+	// windows hook
+	if preExecHookFn != nil {
+		preExecHookFn(c)
+	}
+
+	// initialize help at the last point to allow for user overriding
+	c.InitDefaultHelpCmd()
+	// initialize completion at the last point to allow for user overriding
+	c.InitDefaultCompletionCmd()
+
+	// Now that all commands have been created, let's make sure all groups
+	// are properly created also
+	c.checkCommandGroups()
+
+	args := c.args
+
+	// Workaround FAIL with "go test -v" or "cobra.test -test.v", see #155
+	if c.args == nil && filepath.Base(os.Args[0]) != "cobra.test" {
+		args = os.Args[1:]
+	}
+
+	// initialize the hidden command to be used for shell completion
+	c.initCompleteCmd(args)
+
+	var flags []string
+	if c.TraverseChildren {
+		cmd, flags, err = c.Traverse(args)
+	} else {
+		cmd, flags, err = c.Find(args)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		// If found parse to a subcommand and then failed, talk about the subcommand
+		if cmd != nil {
+			c = cmd
+		}
+		if !c.SilenceErrors {
+			c.PrintErrln(c.ErrPrefix(), err.Error())
+			c.PrintErrf("Run '%v --help' for usage.\n", c.CommandPath())
+		}
+		return c, err
+	}
+
+	cmd.commandCalledAs.called = true
+	if cmd.commandCalledAs.name == "" {
+		cmd.commandCalledAs.name = cmd.Name()
+	}
+
+	// We have to pass global context to children command
+	// if context is present on the parent command.
+	if cmd.ctx == nil {
+		cmd.ctx = c.ctx
+	}
+
+	err = cmd.execute(flags)
+	if err != nil {
+		// Always show help if requested, even if SilenceErrors is in
+		// effect
+		if errors.Is(err, flag.ErrHelp) {
+			cmd.HelpFunc()(cmd, args)
+			return cmd, nil
+		}
+
+		// If root command has SilenceErrors flagged,
+		// all subcommands should respect it
+		if !cmd.SilenceErrors && !c.SilenceErrors {
+			c.PrintErrln(cmd.ErrPrefix(), err.Error())
+		}
+
+		// If root command has SilenceUsage flagged,
+		// all subcommands should respect it
+		if !cmd.SilenceUsage && !c.SilenceUsage {
+			c.Println(cmd.UsageString())
+		}
+	}
+	return cmd, err
+}
+
+func (c *Command) ValidateArgs(args []string) error {
+	if c.Args == nil {
+		return ArbitraryArgs(c, args)
+	}
+	return c.Args(c, args)
+}
+
+// ValidateRequiredFlags validates all required flags are present and returns an error otherwise
+func (c *Command) ValidateRequiredFlags() error {
+	if c.DisableFlagParsing {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	flags := c.Flags()
+	missingFlagNames := []string{}
+	flags.VisitAll(func(pflag *flag.Flag) {
+		requiredAnnotation, found := pflag.Annotations[BashCompOneRequiredFlag]
+		if !found {
+			return
+		}
+		if (requiredAnnotation[0] == "true") && !pflag.Changed {
+			missingFlagNames = append(missingFlagNames, pflag.Name)
+		}
+	})
+
+	if len(missingFlagNames) > 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf(`required flag(s) "%s" not set`, strings.Join(missingFlagNames, `", "`))
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// checkCommandGroups checks if a command has been added to a group that does not exists.
+// If so, we panic because it indicates a coding error that should be corrected.
+func (c *Command) checkCommandGroups() {
+	for _, sub := range c.commands {
+		// if Group is not defined let the developer know right away
+		if sub.GroupID != "" && !c.ContainsGroup(sub.GroupID) {
+			panic(fmt.Sprintf("group id '%s' is not defined for subcommand '%s'", sub.GroupID, sub.CommandPath()))
+		}
+
+		sub.checkCommandGroups()
+	}
+}
+
+// InitDefaultHelpFlag adds default help flag to c.
+// It is called automatically by executing the c or by calling help and usage.
+// If c already has help flag, it will do nothing.
+func (c *Command) InitDefaultHelpFlag() {
+	c.mergePersistentFlags()
+	if c.Flags().Lookup("help") == nil {
+		usage := "help for "
+		if c.Name() == "" {
+			usage += "this command"
+		} else {
+			usage += c.Name()
+		}
+		c.Flags().BoolP("help", "h", false, usage)
+		_ = c.Flags().SetAnnotation("help", FlagSetByCobraAnnotation, []string{"true"})
+	}
+}
+
+// InitDefaultVersionFlag adds default version flag to c.
+// It is called automatically by executing the c.
+// If c already has a version flag, it will do nothing.
+// If c.Version is empty, it will do nothing.
+func (c *Command) InitDefaultVersionFlag() {
+	if c.Version == "" {
+		return
+	}
+
+	c.mergePersistentFlags()
+	if c.Flags().Lookup("version") == nil {
+		usage := "version for "
+		if c.Name() == "" {
+			usage += "this command"
+		} else {
+			usage += c.Name()
+		}
+		if c.Flags().ShorthandLookup("v") == nil {
+			c.Flags().BoolP("version", "v", false, usage)
+		} else {
+			c.Flags().Bool("version", false, usage)
+		}
+		_ = c.Flags().SetAnnotation("version", FlagSetByCobraAnnotation, []string{"true"})
+	}
+}
+
+// InitDefaultHelpCmd adds default help command to c.
+// It is called automatically by executing the c or by calling help and usage.
+// If c already has help command or c has no subcommands, it will do nothing.
+func (c *Command) InitDefaultHelpCmd() {
+	if !c.HasSubCommands() {
+		return
+	}
+
+	if c.helpCommand == nil {
+		c.helpCommand = &Command{
+			Use:   "help [command]",
+			Short: "Help about any command",
+			Long: `Help provides help for any command in the application.
+Simply type ` + c.Name() + ` help [path to command] for full details.`,
+			ValidArgsFunction: func(c *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+				var completions []string
+				cmd, _, e := c.Root().Find(args)
+				if e != nil {
+					return nil, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+				}
+				if cmd == nil {
+					// Root help command.
+					cmd = c.Root()
+				}
+				for _, subCmd := range cmd.Commands() {
+					if subCmd.IsAvailableCommand() || subCmd == cmd.helpCommand {
+						if strings.HasPrefix(subCmd.Name(), toComplete) {
+							completions = append(completions, fmt.Sprintf("%s\t%s", subCmd.Name(), subCmd.Short))
+						}
+					}
+				}
+				return completions, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+			},
+			Run: func(c *Command, args []string) {
+				cmd, _, e := c.Root().Find(args)
+				if cmd == nil || e != nil {
+					c.Printf("Unknown help topic %#q\n", args)
+					CheckErr(c.Root().Usage())
+				} else {
+					cmd.InitDefaultHelpFlag()    // make possible 'help' flag to be shown
+					cmd.InitDefaultVersionFlag() // make possible 'version' flag to be shown
+					CheckErr(cmd.Help())
+				}
+			},
+			GroupID: c.helpCommandGroupID,
+		}
+	}
+	c.RemoveCommand(c.helpCommand)
+	c.AddCommand(c.helpCommand)
+}
+
+// ResetCommands delete parent, subcommand and help command from c.
+func (c *Command) ResetCommands() {
+	c.parent = nil
+	c.commands = nil
+	c.helpCommand = nil
+	c.parentsPflags = nil
+}
+
+// Sorts commands by their names.
+type commandSorterByName []*Command
+
+func (c commandSorterByName) Len() int           { return len(c) }
+func (c commandSorterByName) Swap(i, j int)      { c[i], c[j] = c[j], c[i] }
+func (c commandSorterByName) Less(i, j int) bool { return c[i].Name() < c[j].Name() }
+
+// Commands returns a sorted slice of child commands.
+func (c *Command) Commands() []*Command {
+	// do not sort commands if it already sorted or sorting was disabled
+	if EnableCommandSorting && !c.commandsAreSorted {
+		sort.Sort(commandSorterByName(c.commands))
+		c.commandsAreSorted = true
+	}
+	return c.commands
+}
+
+// AddCommand adds one or more commands to this parent command.
+func (c *Command) AddCommand(cmds ...*Command) {
+	for i, x := range cmds {
+		if cmds[i] == c {
+			panic("Command can't be a child of itself")
+		}
+		cmds[i].parent = c
+		// update max lengths
+		usageLen := len(x.Use)
+		if usageLen > c.commandsMaxUseLen {
+			c.commandsMaxUseLen = usageLen
+		}
+		commandPathLen := len(x.CommandPath())
+		if commandPathLen > c.commandsMaxCommandPathLen {
+			c.commandsMaxCommandPathLen = commandPathLen
+		}
+		nameLen := len(x.Name())
+		if nameLen > c.commandsMaxNameLen {
+			c.commandsMaxNameLen = nameLen
+		}
+		// If global normalization function exists, update all children
+		if c.globNormFunc != nil {
+			x.SetGlobalNormalizationFunc(c.globNormFunc)
+		}
+		c.commands = append(c.commands, x)
+		c.commandsAreSorted = false
+	}
+}
+
+// Groups returns a slice of child command groups.
+func (c *Command) Groups() []*Group {
+	return c.commandgroups
+}
+
+// AllChildCommandsHaveGroup returns if all subcommands are assigned to a group
+func (c *Command) AllChildCommandsHaveGroup() bool {
+	for _, sub := range c.commands {
+		if (sub.IsAvailableCommand() || sub == c.helpCommand) && sub.GroupID == "" {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+// ContainsGroup return if groupID exists in the list of command groups.
+func (c *Command) ContainsGroup(groupID string) bool {
+	for _, x := range c.commandgroups {
+		if x.ID == groupID {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// AddGroup adds one or more command groups to this parent command.
+func (c *Command) AddGroup(groups ...*Group) {
+	c.commandgroups = append(c.commandgroups, groups...)
+}
+
+// RemoveCommand removes one or more commands from a parent command.
+func (c *Command) RemoveCommand(cmds ...*Command) {
+	commands := []*Command{}
+main:
+	for _, command := range c.commands {
+		for _, cmd := range cmds {
+			if command == cmd {
+				command.parent = nil
+				continue main
+			}
+		}
+		commands = append(commands, command)
+	}
+	c.commands = commands
+	// recompute all lengths
+	c.commandsMaxUseLen = 0
+	c.commandsMaxCommandPathLen = 0
+	c.commandsMaxNameLen = 0
+	for _, command := range c.commands {
+		usageLen := len(command.Use)
+		if usageLen > c.commandsMaxUseLen {
+			c.commandsMaxUseLen = usageLen
+		}
+		commandPathLen := len(command.CommandPath())
+		if commandPathLen > c.commandsMaxCommandPathLen {
+			c.commandsMaxCommandPathLen = commandPathLen
+		}
+		nameLen := len(command.Name())
+		if nameLen > c.commandsMaxNameLen {
+			c.commandsMaxNameLen = nameLen
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Print is a convenience method to Print to the defined output, fallback to Stderr if not set.
+func (c *Command) Print(i ...interface{}) {
+	fmt.Fprint(c.OutOrStderr(), i...)
+}
+
+// Println is a convenience method to Println to the defined output, fallback to Stderr if not set.
+func (c *Command) Println(i ...interface{}) {
+	c.Print(fmt.Sprintln(i...))
+}
+
+// Printf is a convenience method to Printf to the defined output, fallback to Stderr if not set.
+func (c *Command) Printf(format string, i ...interface{}) {
+	c.Print(fmt.Sprintf(format, i...))
+}
+
+// PrintErr is a convenience method to Print to the defined Err output, fallback to Stderr if not set.
+func (c *Command) PrintErr(i ...interface{}) {
+	fmt.Fprint(c.ErrOrStderr(), i...)
+}
+
+// PrintErrln is a convenience method to Println to the defined Err output, fallback to Stderr if not set.
+func (c *Command) PrintErrln(i ...interface{}) {
+	c.PrintErr(fmt.Sprintln(i...))
+}
+
+// PrintErrf is a convenience method to Printf to the defined Err output, fallback to Stderr if not set.
+func (c *Command) PrintErrf(format string, i ...interface{}) {
+	c.PrintErr(fmt.Sprintf(format, i...))
+}
+
+// CommandPath returns the full path to this command.
+func (c *Command) CommandPath() string {
+	if c.HasParent() {
+		return c.Parent().CommandPath() + " " + c.Name()
+	}
+	if displayName, ok := c.Annotations[CommandDisplayNameAnnotation]; ok {
+		return displayName
+	}
+	return c.Name()
+}
+
+// UseLine puts out the full usage for a given command (including parents).
+func (c *Command) UseLine() string {
+	var useline string
+	if c.HasParent() {
+		useline = c.parent.CommandPath() + " " + c.Use
+	} else {
+		useline = c.Use
+	}
+	if c.DisableFlagsInUseLine {
+		return useline
+	}
+	if c.HasAvailableFlags() && !strings.Contains(useline, "[flags]") {
+		useline += " [flags]"
+	}
+	return useline
+}
+
+// DebugFlags used to determine which flags have been assigned to which commands
+// and which persist.
+// nolint:goconst
+func (c *Command) DebugFlags() {
+	c.Println("DebugFlags called on", c.Name())
+	var debugflags func(*Command)
+
+	debugflags = func(x *Command) {
+		if x.HasFlags() || x.HasPersistentFlags() {
+			c.Println(x.Name())
+		}
+		if x.HasFlags() {
+			x.flags.VisitAll(func(f *flag.Flag) {
+				if x.HasPersistentFlags() && x.persistentFlag(f.Name) != nil {
+					c.Println("  -"+f.Shorthand+",", "--"+f.Name, "["+f.DefValue+"]", "", f.Value, "  [LP]")
+				} else {
+					c.Println("  -"+f.Shorthand+",", "--"+f.Name, "["+f.DefValue+"]", "", f.Value, "  [L]")
+				}
+			})
+		}
+		if x.HasPersistentFlags() {
+			x.pflags.VisitAll(func(f *flag.Flag) {
+				if x.HasFlags() {
+					if x.flags.Lookup(f.Name) == nil {
+						c.Println("  -"+f.Shorthand+",", "--"+f.Name, "["+f.DefValue+"]", "", f.Value, "  [P]")
+					}
+				} else {
+					c.Println("  -"+f.Shorthand+",", "--"+f.Name, "["+f.DefValue+"]", "", f.Value, "  [P]")
+				}
+			})
+		}
+		c.Println(x.flagErrorBuf)
+		if x.HasSubCommands() {
+			for _, y := range x.commands {
+				debugflags(y)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	debugflags(c)
+}
+
+// Name returns the command's name: the first word in the use line.
+func (c *Command) Name() string {
+	name := c.Use
+	i := strings.Index(name, " ")
+	if i >= 0 {
+		name = name[:i]
+	}
+	return name
+}
+
+// HasAlias determines if a given string is an alias of the command.
+func (c *Command) HasAlias(s string) bool {
+	for _, a := range c.Aliases {
+		if commandNameMatches(a, s) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// CalledAs returns the command name or alias that was used to invoke
+// this command or an empty string if the command has not been called.
+func (c *Command) CalledAs() string {
+	if c.commandCalledAs.called {
+		return c.commandCalledAs.name
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+// hasNameOrAliasPrefix returns true if the Name or any of aliases start
+// with prefix
+func (c *Command) hasNameOrAliasPrefix(prefix string) bool {
+	if strings.HasPrefix(c.Name(), prefix) {
+		c.commandCalledAs.name = c.Name()
+		return true
+	}
+	for _, alias := range c.Aliases {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(alias, prefix) {
+			c.commandCalledAs.name = alias
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// NameAndAliases returns a list of the command name and all aliases
+func (c *Command) NameAndAliases() string {
+	return strings.Join(append([]string{c.Name()}, c.Aliases...), ", ")
+}
+
+// HasExample determines if the command has example.
+func (c *Command) HasExample() bool {
+	return len(c.Example) > 0
+}
+
+// Runnable determines if the command is itself runnable.
+func (c *Command) Runnable() bool {
+	return c.Run != nil || c.RunE != nil
+}
+
+// HasSubCommands determines if the command has children commands.
+func (c *Command) HasSubCommands() bool {
+	return len(c.commands) > 0
+}
+
+// IsAvailableCommand determines if a command is available as a non-help command
+// (this includes all non deprecated/hidden commands).
+func (c *Command) IsAvailableCommand() bool {
+	if len(c.Deprecated) != 0 || c.Hidden {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if c.HasParent() && c.Parent().helpCommand == c {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if c.Runnable() || c.HasAvailableSubCommands() {
+		return true
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
+// IsAdditionalHelpTopicCommand determines if a command is an additional
+// help topic command; additional help topic command is determined by the
+// fact that it is NOT runnable/hidden/deprecated, and has no sub commands that
+// are runnable/hidden/deprecated.
+// Concrete example: https://github.com/spf13/cobra/issues/393#issuecomment-282741924.
+func (c *Command) IsAdditionalHelpTopicCommand() bool {
+	// if a command is runnable, deprecated, or hidden it is not a 'help' command
+	if c.Runnable() || len(c.Deprecated) != 0 || c.Hidden {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	// if any non-help sub commands are found, the command is not a 'help' command
+	for _, sub := range c.commands {
+		if !sub.IsAdditionalHelpTopicCommand() {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+
+	// the command either has no sub commands, or no non-help sub commands
+	return true
+}
+
+// HasHelpSubCommands determines if a command has any available 'help' sub commands
+// that need to be shown in the usage/help default template under 'additional help
+// topics'.
+func (c *Command) HasHelpSubCommands() bool {
+	// return true on the first found available 'help' sub command
+	for _, sub := range c.commands {
+		if sub.IsAdditionalHelpTopicCommand() {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+
+	// the command either has no sub commands, or no available 'help' sub commands
+	return false
+}
+
+// HasAvailableSubCommands determines if a command has available sub commands that
+// need to be shown in the usage/help default template under 'available commands'.
+func (c *Command) HasAvailableSubCommands() bool {
+	// return true on the first found available (non deprecated/help/hidden)
+	// sub command
+	for _, sub := range c.commands {
+		if sub.IsAvailableCommand() {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+
+	// the command either has no sub commands, or no available (non deprecated/help/hidden)
+	// sub commands
+	return false
+}
+
+// HasParent determines if the command is a child command.
+func (c *Command) HasParent() bool {
+	return c.parent != nil
+}
+
+// GlobalNormalizationFunc returns the global normalization function or nil if it doesn't exist.
+func (c *Command) GlobalNormalizationFunc() func(f *flag.FlagSet, name string) flag.NormalizedName {
+	return c.globNormFunc
+}
+
+// Flags returns the complete FlagSet that applies
+// to this command (local and persistent declared here and by all parents).
+func (c *Command) Flags() *flag.FlagSet {
+	if c.flags == nil {
+		c.flags = flag.NewFlagSet(c.Name(), flag.ContinueOnError)
+		if c.flagErrorBuf == nil {
+			c.flagErrorBuf = new(bytes.Buffer)
+		}
+		c.flags.SetOutput(c.flagErrorBuf)
+	}
+
+	return c.flags
+}
+
+// LocalNonPersistentFlags are flags specific to this command which will NOT persist to subcommands.
+func (c *Command) LocalNonPersistentFlags() *flag.FlagSet {
+	persistentFlags := c.PersistentFlags()
+
+	out := flag.NewFlagSet(c.Name(), flag.ContinueOnError)
+	c.LocalFlags().VisitAll(func(f *flag.Flag) {
+		if persistentFlags.Lookup(f.Name) == nil {
+			out.AddFlag(f)
+		}
+	})
+	return out
+}
+
+// LocalFlags returns the local FlagSet specifically set in the current command.
+func (c *Command) LocalFlags() *flag.FlagSet {
+	c.mergePersistentFlags()
+
+	if c.lflags == nil {
+		c.lflags = flag.NewFlagSet(c.Name(), flag.ContinueOnError)
+		if c.flagErrorBuf == nil {
+			c.flagErrorBuf = new(bytes.Buffer)
+		}
+		c.lflags.SetOutput(c.flagErrorBuf)
+	}
+	c.lflags.SortFlags = c.Flags().SortFlags
+	if c.globNormFunc != nil {
+		c.lflags.SetNormalizeFunc(c.globNormFunc)
+	}
+
+	addToLocal := func(f *flag.Flag) {
+		// Add the flag if it is not a parent PFlag, or it shadows a parent PFlag
+		if c.lflags.Lookup(f.Name) == nil && f != c.parentsPflags.Lookup(f.Name) {
+			c.lflags.AddFlag(f)
+		}
+	}
+	c.Flags().VisitAll(addToLocal)
+	c.PersistentFlags().VisitAll(addToLocal)
+	return c.lflags
+}
+
+// InheritedFlags returns all flags which were inherited from parent commands.
+func (c *Command) InheritedFlags() *flag.FlagSet {
+	c.mergePersistentFlags()
+
+	if c.iflags == nil {
+		c.iflags = flag.NewFlagSet(c.Name(), flag.ContinueOnError)
+		if c.flagErrorBuf == nil {
+			c.flagErrorBuf = new(bytes.Buffer)
+		}
+		c.iflags.SetOutput(c.flagErrorBuf)
+	}
+
+	local := c.LocalFlags()
+	if c.globNormFunc != nil {
+		c.iflags.SetNormalizeFunc(c.globNormFunc)
+	}
+
+	c.parentsPflags.VisitAll(func(f *flag.Flag) {
+		if c.iflags.Lookup(f.Name) == nil && local.Lookup(f.Name) == nil {
+			c.iflags.AddFlag(f)
+		}
+	})
+	return c.iflags
+}
+
+// NonInheritedFlags returns all flags which were not inherited from parent commands.
+func (c *Command) NonInheritedFlags() *flag.FlagSet {
+	return c.LocalFlags()
+}
+
+// PersistentFlags returns the persistent FlagSet specifically set in the current command.
+func (c *Command) PersistentFlags() *flag.FlagSet {
+	if c.pflags == nil {
+		c.pflags = flag.NewFlagSet(c.Name(), flag.ContinueOnError)
+		if c.flagErrorBuf == nil {
+			c.flagErrorBuf = new(bytes.Buffer)
+		}
+		c.pflags.SetOutput(c.flagErrorBuf)
+	}
+	return c.pflags
+}
+
+// ResetFlags deletes all flags from command.
+func (c *Command) ResetFlags() {
+	c.flagErrorBuf = new(bytes.Buffer)
+	c.flagErrorBuf.Reset()
+	c.flags = flag.NewFlagSet(c.Name(), flag.ContinueOnError)
+	c.flags.SetOutput(c.flagErrorBuf)
+	c.pflags = flag.NewFlagSet(c.Name(), flag.ContinueOnError)
+	c.pflags.SetOutput(c.flagErrorBuf)
+
+	c.lflags = nil
+	c.iflags = nil
+	c.parentsPflags = nil
+}
+
+// HasFlags checks if the command contains any flags (local plus persistent from the entire structure).
+func (c *Command) HasFlags() bool {
+	return c.Flags().HasFlags()
+}
+
+// HasPersistentFlags checks if the command contains persistent flags.
+func (c *Command) HasPersistentFlags() bool {
+	return c.PersistentFlags().HasFlags()
+}
+
+// HasLocalFlags checks if the command has flags specifically declared locally.
+func (c *Command) HasLocalFlags() bool {
+	return c.LocalFlags().HasFlags()
+}
+
+// HasInheritedFlags checks if the command has flags inherited from its parent command.
+func (c *Command) HasInheritedFlags() bool {
+	return c.InheritedFlags().HasFlags()
+}
+
+// HasAvailableFlags checks if the command contains any flags (local plus persistent from the entire
+// structure) which are not hidden or deprecated.
+func (c *Command) HasAvailableFlags() bool {
+	return c.Flags().HasAvailableFlags()
+}
+
+// HasAvailablePersistentFlags checks if the command contains persistent flags which are not hidden or deprecated.
+func (c *Command) HasAvailablePersistentFlags() bool {
+	return c.PersistentFlags().HasAvailableFlags()
+}
+
+// HasAvailableLocalFlags checks if the command has flags specifically declared locally which are not hidden
+// or deprecated.
+func (c *Command) HasAvailableLocalFlags() bool {
+	return c.LocalFlags().HasAvailableFlags()
+}
+
+// HasAvailableInheritedFlags checks if the command has flags inherited from its parent command which are
+// not hidden or deprecated.
+func (c *Command) HasAvailableInheritedFlags() bool {
+	return c.InheritedFlags().HasAvailableFlags()
+}
+
+// Flag climbs up the command tree looking for matching flag.
+func (c *Command) Flag(name string) (flag *flag.Flag) {
+	flag = c.Flags().Lookup(name)
+
+	if flag == nil {
+		flag = c.persistentFlag(name)
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+// Recursively find matching persistent flag.
+func (c *Command) persistentFlag(name string) (flag *flag.Flag) {
+	if c.HasPersistentFlags() {
+		flag = c.PersistentFlags().Lookup(name)
+	}
+
+	if flag == nil {
+		c.updateParentsPflags()
+		flag = c.parentsPflags.Lookup(name)
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+// ParseFlags parses persistent flag tree and local flags.
+func (c *Command) ParseFlags(args []string) error {
+	if c.DisableFlagParsing {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if c.flagErrorBuf == nil {
+		c.flagErrorBuf = new(bytes.Buffer)
+	}
+	beforeErrorBufLen := c.flagErrorBuf.Len()
+	c.mergePersistentFlags()
+
+	// do it here after merging all flags and just before parse
+	c.Flags().ParseErrorsWhitelist = flag.ParseErrorsWhitelist(c.FParseErrWhitelist)
+
+	err := c.Flags().Parse(args)
+	// Print warnings if they occurred (e.g. deprecated flag messages).
+	if c.flagErrorBuf.Len()-beforeErrorBufLen > 0 && err == nil {
+		c.Print(c.flagErrorBuf.String())
+	}
+
+	return err
+}
+
+// Parent returns a commands parent command.
+func (c *Command) Parent() *Command {
+	return c.parent
+}
+
+// mergePersistentFlags merges c.PersistentFlags() to c.Flags()
+// and adds missing persistent flags of all parents.
+func (c *Command) mergePersistentFlags() {
+	c.updateParentsPflags()
+	c.Flags().AddFlagSet(c.PersistentFlags())
+	c.Flags().AddFlagSet(c.parentsPflags)
+}
+
+// updateParentsPflags updates c.parentsPflags by adding
+// new persistent flags of all parents.
+// If c.parentsPflags == nil, it makes new.
+func (c *Command) updateParentsPflags() {
+	if c.parentsPflags == nil {
+		c.parentsPflags = flag.NewFlagSet(c.Name(), flag.ContinueOnError)
+		c.parentsPflags.SetOutput(c.flagErrorBuf)
+		c.parentsPflags.SortFlags = false
+	}
+
+	if c.globNormFunc != nil {
+		c.parentsPflags.SetNormalizeFunc(c.globNormFunc)
+	}
+
+	c.Root().PersistentFlags().AddFlagSet(flag.CommandLine)
+
+	c.VisitParents(func(parent *Command) {
+		c.parentsPflags.AddFlagSet(parent.PersistentFlags())
+	})
+}
+
+// commandNameMatches checks if two command names are equal
+// taking into account case sensitivity according to
+// EnableCaseInsensitive global configuration.
+func commandNameMatches(s string, t string) bool {
+	if EnableCaseInsensitive {
+		return strings.EqualFold(s, t)
+	}
+
+	return s == t
+}
diff --git a/command_notwin.go b/command_notwin.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..307f0c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/command_notwin.go
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+//go:build !windows
+// +build !windows
+
+package cobra
+
+var preExecHookFn func(*Command)
diff --git a/command_test.go b/command_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9f686d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/command_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,2788 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cobra
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"os"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
+)
+
+func emptyRun(*Command, []string) {}
+
+func executeCommand(root *Command, args ...string) (output string, err error) {
+	_, output, err = executeCommandC(root, args...)
+	return output, err
+}
+
+func executeCommandWithContext(ctx context.Context, root *Command, args ...string) (output string, err error) {
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	root.SetOut(buf)
+	root.SetErr(buf)
+	root.SetArgs(args)
+
+	err = root.ExecuteContext(ctx)
+
+	return buf.String(), err
+}
+
+func executeCommandC(root *Command, args ...string) (c *Command, output string, err error) {
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	root.SetOut(buf)
+	root.SetErr(buf)
+	root.SetArgs(args)
+
+	c, err = root.ExecuteC()
+
+	return c, buf.String(), err
+}
+
+func executeCommandWithContextC(ctx context.Context, root *Command, args ...string) (c *Command, output string, err error) {
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	root.SetOut(buf)
+	root.SetErr(buf)
+	root.SetArgs(args)
+
+	c, err = root.ExecuteContextC(ctx)
+
+	return c, buf.String(), err
+}
+
+func resetCommandLineFlagSet() {
+	pflag.CommandLine = pflag.NewFlagSet(os.Args[0], pflag.ExitOnError)
+}
+
+func checkStringContains(t *testing.T, got, expected string) {
+	if !strings.Contains(got, expected) {
+		t.Errorf("Expected to contain: \n %v\nGot:\n %v\n", expected, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func checkStringOmits(t *testing.T, got, expected string) {
+	if strings.Contains(got, expected) {
+		t.Errorf("Expected to not contain: \n %v\nGot: %v", expected, got)
+	}
+}
+
+const onetwo = "one two"
+
+func TestSingleCommand(t *testing.T) {
+	var rootCmdArgs []string
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use:  "root",
+		Args: ExactArgs(2),
+		Run:  func(_ *Command, args []string) { rootCmdArgs = args },
+	}
+	aCmd := &Command{Use: "a", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	bCmd := &Command{Use: "b", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(aCmd, bCmd)
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "one", "two")
+	if output != "" {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	got := strings.Join(rootCmdArgs, " ")
+	if got != onetwo {
+		t.Errorf("rootCmdArgs expected: %q, got: %q", onetwo, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestChildCommand(t *testing.T) {
+	var child1CmdArgs []string
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	child1Cmd := &Command{
+		Use:  "child1",
+		Args: ExactArgs(2),
+		Run:  func(_ *Command, args []string) { child1CmdArgs = args },
+	}
+	child2Cmd := &Command{Use: "child2", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(child1Cmd, child2Cmd)
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "child1", "one", "two")
+	if output != "" {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	got := strings.Join(child1CmdArgs, " ")
+	if got != onetwo {
+		t.Errorf("child1CmdArgs expected: %q, got: %q", onetwo, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCallCommandWithoutSubcommands(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Calling command without subcommands should not have error: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRootExecuteUnknownCommand(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(&Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun})
+
+	output, _ := executeCommand(rootCmd, "unknown")
+
+	expected := "Error: unknown command \"unknown\" for \"root\"\nRun 'root --help' for usage.\n"
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("Expected:\n %q\nGot:\n %q\n", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSubcommandExecuteC(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	c, output, err := executeCommandC(rootCmd, "child")
+	if output != "" {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if c.Name() != "child" {
+		t.Errorf(`invalid command returned from ExecuteC: expected "child"', got: %q`, c.Name())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestExecuteContext(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := context.TODO()
+
+	ctxRun := func(cmd *Command, args []string) {
+		if cmd.Context() != ctx {
+			t.Errorf("Command %q must have context when called with ExecuteContext", cmd.Use)
+		}
+	}
+
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: ctxRun, PreRun: ctxRun}
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child", Run: ctxRun, PreRun: ctxRun}
+	granchildCmd := &Command{Use: "grandchild", Run: ctxRun, PreRun: ctxRun}
+
+	childCmd.AddCommand(granchildCmd)
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	if _, err := executeCommandWithContext(ctx, rootCmd, ""); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Root command must not fail: %+v", err)
+	}
+
+	if _, err := executeCommandWithContext(ctx, rootCmd, "child"); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Subcommand must not fail: %+v", err)
+	}
+
+	if _, err := executeCommandWithContext(ctx, rootCmd, "child", "grandchild"); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Command child must not fail: %+v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestExecuteContextC(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := context.TODO()
+
+	ctxRun := func(cmd *Command, args []string) {
+		if cmd.Context() != ctx {
+			t.Errorf("Command %q must have context when called with ExecuteContext", cmd.Use)
+		}
+	}
+
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: ctxRun, PreRun: ctxRun}
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child", Run: ctxRun, PreRun: ctxRun}
+	granchildCmd := &Command{Use: "grandchild", Run: ctxRun, PreRun: ctxRun}
+
+	childCmd.AddCommand(granchildCmd)
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	if _, _, err := executeCommandWithContextC(ctx, rootCmd, ""); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Root command must not fail: %+v", err)
+	}
+
+	if _, _, err := executeCommandWithContextC(ctx, rootCmd, "child"); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Subcommand must not fail: %+v", err)
+	}
+
+	if _, _, err := executeCommandWithContextC(ctx, rootCmd, "child", "grandchild"); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Command child must not fail: %+v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestExecute_NoContext(t *testing.T) {
+	run := func(cmd *Command, args []string) {
+		if cmd.Context() != context.Background() {
+			t.Errorf("Command %s must have background context", cmd.Use)
+		}
+	}
+
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: run, PreRun: run}
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child", Run: run, PreRun: run}
+	granchildCmd := &Command{Use: "grandchild", Run: run, PreRun: run}
+
+	childCmd.AddCommand(granchildCmd)
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	if _, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ""); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Root command must not fail: %+v", err)
+	}
+
+	if _, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "child"); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Subcommand must not fail: %+v", err)
+	}
+
+	if _, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "child", "grandchild"); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Command child must not fail: %+v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRootUnknownCommandSilenced(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.SilenceErrors = true
+	rootCmd.SilenceUsage = true
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(&Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun})
+
+	output, _ := executeCommand(rootCmd, "unknown")
+	if output != "" {
+		t.Errorf("Expected blank output, because of silenced usage.\nGot:\n %q\n", output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCommandAlias(t *testing.T) {
+	var timesCmdArgs []string
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	echoCmd := &Command{
+		Use:     "echo",
+		Aliases: []string{"say", "tell"},
+		Args:    NoArgs,
+		Run:     emptyRun,
+	}
+	timesCmd := &Command{
+		Use:  "times",
+		Args: ExactArgs(2),
+		Run:  func(_ *Command, args []string) { timesCmdArgs = args },
+	}
+	echoCmd.AddCommand(timesCmd)
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(echoCmd)
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "tell", "times", "one", "two")
+	if output != "" {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	got := strings.Join(timesCmdArgs, " ")
+	if got != onetwo {
+		t.Errorf("timesCmdArgs expected: %v, got: %v", onetwo, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestEnablePrefixMatching(t *testing.T) {
+	EnablePrefixMatching = true
+
+	var aCmdArgs []string
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	aCmd := &Command{
+		Use:  "aCmd",
+		Args: ExactArgs(2),
+		Run:  func(_ *Command, args []string) { aCmdArgs = args },
+	}
+	bCmd := &Command{Use: "bCmd", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(aCmd, bCmd)
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "a", "one", "two")
+	if output != "" {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	got := strings.Join(aCmdArgs, " ")
+	if got != onetwo {
+		t.Errorf("aCmdArgs expected: %q, got: %q", onetwo, got)
+	}
+
+	EnablePrefixMatching = defaultPrefixMatching
+}
+
+func TestAliasPrefixMatching(t *testing.T) {
+	EnablePrefixMatching = true
+
+	var timesCmdArgs []string
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	echoCmd := &Command{
+		Use:     "echo",
+		Aliases: []string{"say", "tell"},
+		Args:    NoArgs,
+		Run:     emptyRun,
+	}
+	timesCmd := &Command{
+		Use:  "times",
+		Args: ExactArgs(2),
+		Run:  func(_ *Command, args []string) { timesCmdArgs = args },
+	}
+	echoCmd.AddCommand(timesCmd)
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(echoCmd)
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "sa", "times", "one", "two")
+	if output != "" {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	got := strings.Join(timesCmdArgs, " ")
+	if got != onetwo {
+		t.Errorf("timesCmdArgs expected: %v, got: %v", onetwo, got)
+	}
+
+	EnablePrefixMatching = defaultPrefixMatching
+}
+
+// TestPlugin checks usage as plugin for another command such as kubectl.  The
+// executable is `kubectl-plugin`, but we run it as `kubectl plugin`. The help
+// text should reflect the way we run the command.
+func TestPlugin(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use:  "plugin",
+		Args: NoArgs,
+		Annotations: map[string]string{
+			CommandDisplayNameAnnotation: "kubectl plugin",
+		},
+	}
+
+	subCmd := &Command{Use: "sub [flags]", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(subCmd)
+
+	rootHelp, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "-h")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, rootHelp, "kubectl plugin [command]")
+
+	childHelp, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "sub", "-h")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, childHelp, "kubectl plugin sub [flags]")
+}
+
+// TestChildSameName checks the correct behaviour of cobra in cases,
+// when an application with name "foo" and with subcommand "foo"
+// is executed with args "foo foo".
+func TestChildSameName(t *testing.T) {
+	var fooCmdArgs []string
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "foo", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	fooCmd := &Command{
+		Use:  "foo",
+		Args: ExactArgs(2),
+		Run:  func(_ *Command, args []string) { fooCmdArgs = args },
+	}
+	barCmd := &Command{Use: "bar", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(fooCmd, barCmd)
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "foo", "one", "two")
+	if output != "" {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	got := strings.Join(fooCmdArgs, " ")
+	if got != onetwo {
+		t.Errorf("fooCmdArgs expected: %v, got: %v", onetwo, got)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestGrandChildSameName checks the correct behaviour of cobra in cases,
+// when user has a root command and a grand child
+// with the same name.
+func TestGrandChildSameName(t *testing.T) {
+	var fooCmdArgs []string
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "foo", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	barCmd := &Command{Use: "bar", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	fooCmd := &Command{
+		Use:  "foo",
+		Args: ExactArgs(2),
+		Run:  func(_ *Command, args []string) { fooCmdArgs = args },
+	}
+	barCmd.AddCommand(fooCmd)
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(barCmd)
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "bar", "foo", "one", "two")
+	if output != "" {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	got := strings.Join(fooCmdArgs, " ")
+	if got != onetwo {
+		t.Errorf("fooCmdArgs expected: %v, got: %v", onetwo, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFlagLong(t *testing.T) {
+	var cArgs []string
+	c := &Command{
+		Use:  "c",
+		Args: ArbitraryArgs,
+		Run:  func(_ *Command, args []string) { cArgs = args },
+	}
+
+	var intFlagValue int
+	var stringFlagValue string
+	c.Flags().IntVar(&intFlagValue, "intf", -1, "")
+	c.Flags().StringVar(&stringFlagValue, "sf", "", "")
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(c, "--intf=7", "--sf=abc", "one", "--", "two")
+	if output != "" {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if c.ArgsLenAtDash() != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("Expected ArgsLenAtDash: %v but got %v", 1, c.ArgsLenAtDash())
+	}
+	if intFlagValue != 7 {
+		t.Errorf("Expected intFlagValue: %v, got %v", 7, intFlagValue)
+	}
+	if stringFlagValue != "abc" {
+		t.Errorf("Expected stringFlagValue: %q, got %q", "abc", stringFlagValue)
+	}
+
+	got := strings.Join(cArgs, " ")
+	if got != onetwo {
+		t.Errorf("rootCmdArgs expected: %q, got: %q", onetwo, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFlagShort(t *testing.T) {
+	var cArgs []string
+	c := &Command{
+		Use:  "c",
+		Args: ArbitraryArgs,
+		Run:  func(_ *Command, args []string) { cArgs = args },
+	}
+
+	var intFlagValue int
+	var stringFlagValue string
+	c.Flags().IntVarP(&intFlagValue, "intf", "i", -1, "")
+	c.Flags().StringVarP(&stringFlagValue, "sf", "s", "", "")
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(c, "-i", "7", "-sabc", "one", "two")
+	if output != "" {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if intFlagValue != 7 {
+		t.Errorf("Expected flag value: %v, got %v", 7, intFlagValue)
+	}
+	if stringFlagValue != "abc" {
+		t.Errorf("Expected stringFlagValue: %q, got %q", "abc", stringFlagValue)
+	}
+
+	got := strings.Join(cArgs, " ")
+	if got != onetwo {
+		t.Errorf("rootCmdArgs expected: %q, got: %q", onetwo, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestChildFlag(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	var intFlagValue int
+	childCmd.Flags().IntVarP(&intFlagValue, "intf", "i", -1, "")
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "child", "-i7")
+	if output != "" {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if intFlagValue != 7 {
+		t.Errorf("Expected flag value: %v, got %v", 7, intFlagValue)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestChildFlagWithParentLocalFlag(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	var intFlagValue int
+	rootCmd.Flags().StringP("sf", "s", "", "")
+	childCmd.Flags().IntVarP(&intFlagValue, "intf", "i", -1, "")
+
+	_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "child", "-i7", "-sabc")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Errorf("Invalid flag should generate error")
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, err.Error(), "unknown shorthand")
+
+	if intFlagValue != 7 {
+		t.Errorf("Expected flag value: %v, got %v", 7, intFlagValue)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFlagInvalidInput(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.Flags().IntP("intf", "i", -1, "")
+
+	_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "-iabc")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Errorf("Invalid flag value should generate error")
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, err.Error(), "invalid syntax")
+}
+
+func TestFlagBeforeCommand(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	var flagValue int
+	childCmd.Flags().IntVarP(&flagValue, "intf", "i", -1, "")
+
+	// With short flag.
+	_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "-i7", "child")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if flagValue != 7 {
+		t.Errorf("Expected flag value: %v, got %v", 7, flagValue)
+	}
+
+	// With long flag.
+	_, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, "--intf=8", "child")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if flagValue != 8 {
+		t.Errorf("Expected flag value: %v, got %v", 9, flagValue)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestStripFlags(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		input  []string
+		output []string
+	}{
+		{
+			[]string{"foo", "bar"},
+			[]string{"foo", "bar"},
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"foo", "--str", "-s"},
+			[]string{"foo"},
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"-s", "foo", "--str", "bar"},
+			[]string{},
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"-i10", "echo"},
+			[]string{"echo"},
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"-i=10", "echo"},
+			[]string{"echo"},
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"--int=100", "echo"},
+			[]string{"echo"},
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"-ib", "echo", "-sfoo", "baz"},
+			[]string{"echo", "baz"},
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"-i=baz", "bar", "-i", "foo", "blah"},
+			[]string{"bar", "blah"},
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"--int=baz", "-sbar", "-i", "foo", "blah"},
+			[]string{"blah"},
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"--bool", "bar", "-i", "foo", "blah"},
+			[]string{"bar", "blah"},
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"-b", "bar", "-i", "foo", "blah"},
+			[]string{"bar", "blah"},
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"--persist", "bar"},
+			[]string{"bar"},
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"-p", "bar"},
+			[]string{"bar"},
+		},
+	}
+
+	c := &Command{Use: "c", Run: emptyRun}
+	c.PersistentFlags().BoolP("persist", "p", false, "")
+	c.Flags().IntP("int", "i", -1, "")
+	c.Flags().StringP("str", "s", "", "")
+	c.Flags().BoolP("bool", "b", false, "")
+
+	for i, test := range tests {
+		got := stripFlags(test.input, c)
+		if !reflect.DeepEqual(test.output, got) {
+			t.Errorf("(%v) Expected: %v, got: %v", i, test.output, got)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDisableFlagParsing(t *testing.T) {
+	var cArgs []string
+	c := &Command{
+		Use:                "c",
+		DisableFlagParsing: true,
+		Run: func(_ *Command, args []string) {
+			cArgs = args
+		},
+	}
+
+	args := []string{"cmd", "-v", "-race", "-file", "foo.go"}
+	output, err := executeCommand(c, args...)
+	if output != "" {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(args, cArgs) {
+		t.Errorf("Expected: %v, got: %v", args, cArgs)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPersistentFlagsOnSameCommand(t *testing.T) {
+	var rootCmdArgs []string
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use:  "root",
+		Args: ArbitraryArgs,
+		Run:  func(_ *Command, args []string) { rootCmdArgs = args },
+	}
+
+	var flagValue int
+	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().IntVarP(&flagValue, "intf", "i", -1, "")
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "-i7", "one", "two")
+	if output != "" {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	got := strings.Join(rootCmdArgs, " ")
+	if got != onetwo {
+		t.Errorf("rootCmdArgs expected: %q, got %q", onetwo, got)
+	}
+	if flagValue != 7 {
+		t.Errorf("flagValue expected: %v, got %v", 7, flagValue)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestEmptyInputs checks,
+// if flags correctly parsed with blank strings in args.
+func TestEmptyInputs(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Command{Use: "c", Run: emptyRun}
+
+	var flagValue int
+	c.Flags().IntVarP(&flagValue, "intf", "i", -1, "")
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(c, "", "-i7", "")
+	if output != "" {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if flagValue != 7 {
+		t.Errorf("flagValue expected: %v, got %v", 7, flagValue)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestChildFlagShadowsParentPersistentFlag(t *testing.T) {
+	parent := &Command{Use: "parent", Run: emptyRun}
+	child := &Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun}
+
+	parent.PersistentFlags().Bool("boolf", false, "")
+	parent.PersistentFlags().Int("intf", -1, "")
+	child.Flags().String("strf", "", "")
+	child.Flags().Int("intf", -1, "")
+
+	parent.AddCommand(child)
+
+	childInherited := child.InheritedFlags()
+	childLocal := child.LocalFlags()
+
+	if childLocal.Lookup("strf") == nil {
+		t.Error(`LocalFlags expected to contain "strf", got "nil"`)
+	}
+	if childInherited.Lookup("boolf") == nil {
+		t.Error(`InheritedFlags expected to contain "boolf", got "nil"`)
+	}
+
+	if childInherited.Lookup("intf") != nil {
+		t.Errorf(`InheritedFlags should not contain shadowed flag "intf"`)
+	}
+	if childLocal.Lookup("intf") == nil {
+		t.Error(`LocalFlags expected to contain "intf", got "nil"`)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPersistentFlagsOnChild(t *testing.T) {
+	var childCmdArgs []string
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	childCmd := &Command{
+		Use:  "child",
+		Args: ArbitraryArgs,
+		Run:  func(_ *Command, args []string) { childCmdArgs = args },
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	var parentFlagValue int
+	var childFlagValue int
+	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().IntVarP(&parentFlagValue, "parentf", "p", -1, "")
+	childCmd.Flags().IntVarP(&childFlagValue, "childf", "c", -1, "")
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "child", "-c7", "-p8", "one", "two")
+	if output != "" {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	got := strings.Join(childCmdArgs, " ")
+	if got != onetwo {
+		t.Errorf("rootCmdArgs expected: %q, got: %q", onetwo, got)
+	}
+	if parentFlagValue != 8 {
+		t.Errorf("parentFlagValue expected: %v, got %v", 8, parentFlagValue)
+	}
+	if childFlagValue != 7 {
+		t.Errorf("childFlagValue expected: %v, got %v", 7, childFlagValue)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRequiredFlags(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Command{Use: "c", Run: emptyRun}
+	c.Flags().String("foo1", "", "")
+	assertNoErr(t, c.MarkFlagRequired("foo1"))
+	c.Flags().String("foo2", "", "")
+	assertNoErr(t, c.MarkFlagRequired("foo2"))
+	c.Flags().String("bar", "", "")
+
+	expected := fmt.Sprintf("required flag(s) %q, %q not set", "foo1", "foo2")
+
+	_, err := executeCommand(c)
+	got := err.Error()
+
+	if got != expected {
+		t.Errorf("Expected error: %q, got: %q", expected, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPersistentRequiredFlags(t *testing.T) {
+	parent := &Command{Use: "parent", Run: emptyRun}
+	parent.PersistentFlags().String("foo1", "", "")
+	assertNoErr(t, parent.MarkPersistentFlagRequired("foo1"))
+	parent.PersistentFlags().String("foo2", "", "")
+	assertNoErr(t, parent.MarkPersistentFlagRequired("foo2"))
+	parent.Flags().String("foo3", "", "")
+
+	child := &Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun}
+	child.Flags().String("bar1", "", "")
+	assertNoErr(t, child.MarkFlagRequired("bar1"))
+	child.Flags().String("bar2", "", "")
+	assertNoErr(t, child.MarkFlagRequired("bar2"))
+	child.Flags().String("bar3", "", "")
+
+	parent.AddCommand(child)
+
+	expected := fmt.Sprintf("required flag(s) %q, %q, %q, %q not set", "bar1", "bar2", "foo1", "foo2")
+
+	_, err := executeCommand(parent, "child")
+	if err.Error() != expected {
+		t.Errorf("Expected %q, got %q", expected, err.Error())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPersistentRequiredFlagsWithDisableFlagParsing(t *testing.T) {
+	// Make sure a required persistent flag does not break
+	// commands that disable flag parsing
+
+	parent := &Command{Use: "parent", Run: emptyRun}
+	parent.PersistentFlags().Bool("foo", false, "")
+	flag := parent.PersistentFlags().Lookup("foo")
+	assertNoErr(t, parent.MarkPersistentFlagRequired("foo"))
+
+	child := &Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun}
+	child.DisableFlagParsing = true
+
+	parent.AddCommand(child)
+
+	if _, err := executeCommand(parent, "--foo", "child"); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Reset the flag or else it will remember the state from the previous command
+	flag.Changed = false
+	if _, err := executeCommand(parent, "child", "--foo"); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Reset the flag or else it will remember the state from the previous command
+	flag.Changed = false
+	if _, err := executeCommand(parent, "child"); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestInitHelpFlagMergesFlags(t *testing.T) {
+	usage := "custom flag"
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root"}
+	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().Bool("help", false, "custom flag")
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child"}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	childCmd.InitDefaultHelpFlag()
+	got := childCmd.Flags().Lookup("help").Usage
+	if got != usage {
+		t.Errorf("Expected the help flag from the root command with usage: %v\nGot the default with usage: %v", usage, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestHelpCommandExecuted(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Long: "Long description", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(&Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun})
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "help")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, rootCmd.Long)
+}
+
+func TestHelpCommandExecutedOnChild(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child", Long: "Long description", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "help", "child")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, childCmd.Long)
+}
+
+func TestHelpCommandExecutedOnChildWithFlagThatShadowsParentFlag(t *testing.T) {
+	parent := &Command{Use: "parent", Run: emptyRun}
+	child := &Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun}
+	parent.AddCommand(child)
+
+	parent.PersistentFlags().Bool("foo", false, "parent foo usage")
+	parent.PersistentFlags().Bool("bar", false, "parent bar usage")
+	child.Flags().Bool("foo", false, "child foo usage") // This shadows parent's foo flag
+	child.Flags().Bool("baz", false, "child baz usage")
+
+	got, err := executeCommand(parent, "help", "child")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := `Usage:
+  parent child [flags]
+
+Flags:
+      --baz    child baz usage
+      --foo    child foo usage
+  -h, --help   help for child
+
+Global Flags:
+      --bar   parent bar usage
+`
+
+	if got != expected {
+		t.Errorf("Help text mismatch.\nExpected:\n%s\n\nGot:\n%s\n", expected, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSetHelpCommand(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Command{Use: "c", Run: emptyRun}
+	c.AddCommand(&Command{Use: "empty", Run: emptyRun})
+
+	expected := "WORKS"
+	c.SetHelpCommand(&Command{
+		Use:   "help [command]",
+		Short: "Help about any command",
+		Long: `Help provides help for any command in the application.
+	Simply type ` + c.Name() + ` help [path to command] for full details.`,
+		Run: func(c *Command, _ []string) { c.Print(expected) },
+	})
+
+	got, err := executeCommand(c, "help")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if got != expected {
+		t.Errorf("Expected to contain %q, got %q", expected, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestHelpFlagExecuted(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Long: "Long description", Run: emptyRun}
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "--help")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, rootCmd.Long)
+}
+
+func TestHelpFlagExecutedOnChild(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child", Long: "Long description", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "child", "--help")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, childCmd.Long)
+}
+
+// TestHelpFlagInHelp checks,
+// if '--help' flag is shown in help for child (executing `parent help child`),
+// that has no other flags.
+// Related to https://github.com/spf13/cobra/issues/302.
+func TestHelpFlagInHelp(t *testing.T) {
+	parentCmd := &Command{Use: "parent", Run: func(*Command, []string) {}}
+
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child", Run: func(*Command, []string) {}}
+	parentCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(parentCmd, "help", "child")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "[flags]")
+}
+
+func TestFlagsInUsage(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: NoArgs, Run: func(*Command, []string) {}}
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "--help")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "[flags]")
+}
+
+func TestHelpExecutedOnNonRunnableChild(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child", Long: "Long description"}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "child")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, childCmd.Long)
+}
+
+func TestVersionFlagExecuted(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Version: "1.0.0", Run: emptyRun}
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "--version", "arg1")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "root version 1.0.0")
+}
+
+func TestVersionFlagExecutedWithNoName(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Version: "1.0.0", Run: emptyRun}
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "--version", "arg1")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "version 1.0.0")
+}
+
+func TestShortAndLongVersionFlagInHelp(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Version: "1.0.0", Run: emptyRun}
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "--help")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "-v, --version")
+}
+
+func TestLongVersionFlagOnlyInHelpWhenShortPredefined(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Version: "1.0.0", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.Flags().StringP("foo", "v", "", "not a version flag")
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "--help")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringOmits(t, output, "-v, --version")
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "--version")
+}
+
+func TestShorthandVersionFlagExecuted(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Version: "1.0.0", Run: emptyRun}
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "-v", "arg1")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "root version 1.0.0")
+}
+
+func TestVersionTemplate(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Version: "1.0.0", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.SetVersionTemplate(`customized version: {{.Version}}`)
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "--version", "arg1")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "customized version: 1.0.0")
+}
+
+func TestShorthandVersionTemplate(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Version: "1.0.0", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.SetVersionTemplate(`customized version: {{.Version}}`)
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "-v", "arg1")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "customized version: 1.0.0")
+}
+
+func TestRootErrPrefixExecutedOnSubcommand(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.SetErrPrefix("root error prefix:")
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(&Command{Use: "sub", Run: emptyRun})
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "sub", "--unknown-flag")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Errorf("Expected error")
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "root error prefix: unknown flag: --unknown-flag")
+}
+
+func TestRootAndSubErrPrefix(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	subCmd := &Command{Use: "sub", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(subCmd)
+	rootCmd.SetErrPrefix("root error prefix:")
+	subCmd.SetErrPrefix("sub error prefix:")
+
+	if output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "--unknown-root-flag"); err == nil {
+		t.Errorf("Expected error")
+	} else {
+		checkStringContains(t, output, "root error prefix: unknown flag: --unknown-root-flag")
+	}
+
+	if output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "sub", "--unknown-sub-flag"); err == nil {
+		t.Errorf("Expected error")
+	} else {
+		checkStringContains(t, output, "sub error prefix: unknown flag: --unknown-sub-flag")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestVersionFlagExecutedOnSubcommand(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Version: "1.0.0"}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(&Command{Use: "sub", Run: emptyRun})
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "--version", "sub")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "root version 1.0.0")
+}
+
+func TestShorthandVersionFlagExecutedOnSubcommand(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Version: "1.0.0"}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(&Command{Use: "sub", Run: emptyRun})
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "-v", "sub")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "root version 1.0.0")
+}
+
+func TestVersionFlagOnlyAddedToRoot(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Version: "1.0.0", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(&Command{Use: "sub", Run: emptyRun})
+
+	_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "sub", "--version")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Errorf("Expected error")
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, err.Error(), "unknown flag: --version")
+}
+
+func TestShortVersionFlagOnlyAddedToRoot(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Version: "1.0.0", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(&Command{Use: "sub", Run: emptyRun})
+
+	_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "sub", "-v")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Errorf("Expected error")
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, err.Error(), "unknown shorthand flag: 'v' in -v")
+}
+
+func TestVersionFlagOnlyExistsIfVersionNonEmpty(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+
+	_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "--version")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Errorf("Expected error")
+	}
+	checkStringContains(t, err.Error(), "unknown flag: --version")
+}
+
+func TestShorthandVersionFlagOnlyExistsIfVersionNonEmpty(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+
+	_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "-v")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Errorf("Expected error")
+	}
+	checkStringContains(t, err.Error(), "unknown shorthand flag: 'v' in -v")
+}
+
+func TestShorthandVersionFlagOnlyAddedIfShorthandNotDefined(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun, Version: "1.2.3"}
+	rootCmd.Flags().StringP("notversion", "v", "", "not a version flag")
+
+	_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "-v")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Errorf("Expected error")
+	}
+	check(t, rootCmd.Flags().ShorthandLookup("v").Name, "notversion")
+	checkStringContains(t, err.Error(), "flag needs an argument: 'v' in -v")
+}
+
+func TestShorthandVersionFlagOnlyAddedIfVersionNotDefined(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun, Version: "1.2.3"}
+	rootCmd.Flags().Bool("version", false, "a different kind of version flag")
+
+	_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "-v")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Errorf("Expected error")
+	}
+	checkStringContains(t, err.Error(), "unknown shorthand flag: 'v' in -v")
+}
+
+func TestUsageIsNotPrintedTwice(t *testing.T) {
+	var cmd = &Command{Use: "root"}
+	var sub = &Command{Use: "sub"}
+	cmd.AddCommand(sub)
+
+	output, _ := executeCommand(cmd, "")
+	if strings.Count(output, "Usage:") != 1 {
+		t.Error("Usage output is not printed exactly once")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestVisitParents(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Command{Use: "app"}
+	sub := &Command{Use: "sub"}
+	dsub := &Command{Use: "dsub"}
+	sub.AddCommand(dsub)
+	c.AddCommand(sub)
+
+	total := 0
+	add := func(x *Command) {
+		total++
+	}
+	sub.VisitParents(add)
+	if total != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("Should have visited 1 parent but visited %d", total)
+	}
+
+	total = 0
+	dsub.VisitParents(add)
+	if total != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("Should have visited 2 parents but visited %d", total)
+	}
+
+	total = 0
+	c.VisitParents(add)
+	if total != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("Should have visited no parents but visited %d", total)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSuggestions(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	timesCmd := &Command{
+		Use:        "times",
+		SuggestFor: []string{"counts"},
+		Run:        emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(timesCmd)
+
+	templateWithSuggestions := "Error: unknown command \"%s\" for \"root\"\n\nDid you mean this?\n\t%s\n\nRun 'root --help' for usage.\n"
+	templateWithoutSuggestions := "Error: unknown command \"%s\" for \"root\"\nRun 'root --help' for usage.\n"
+
+	tests := map[string]string{
+		"time":     "times",
+		"tiems":    "times",
+		"tims":     "times",
+		"timeS":    "times",
+		"rimes":    "times",
+		"ti":       "times",
+		"t":        "times",
+		"timely":   "times",
+		"ri":       "",
+		"timezone": "",
+		"foo":      "",
+		"counts":   "times",
+	}
+
+	for typo, suggestion := range tests {
+		for _, suggestionsDisabled := range []bool{true, false} {
+			rootCmd.DisableSuggestions = suggestionsDisabled
+
+			var expected string
+			output, _ := executeCommand(rootCmd, typo)
+
+			if suggestion == "" || suggestionsDisabled {
+				expected = fmt.Sprintf(templateWithoutSuggestions, typo)
+			} else {
+				expected = fmt.Sprintf(templateWithSuggestions, typo, suggestion)
+			}
+
+			if output != expected {
+				t.Errorf("Unexpected response.\nExpected:\n %q\nGot:\n %q\n", expected, output)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCaseInsensitive(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun, Aliases: []string{"alternative"}}
+	granchildCmd := &Command{Use: "GRANDCHILD", Run: emptyRun, Aliases: []string{"ALIAS"}}
+
+	childCmd.AddCommand(granchildCmd)
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		args                []string
+		failWithoutEnabling bool
+	}{
+		{
+			args:                []string{"child"},
+			failWithoutEnabling: false,
+		},
+		{
+			args:                []string{"CHILD"},
+			failWithoutEnabling: true,
+		},
+		{
+			args:                []string{"chILD"},
+			failWithoutEnabling: true,
+		},
+		{
+			args:                []string{"CHIld"},
+			failWithoutEnabling: true,
+		},
+		{
+			args:                []string{"alternative"},
+			failWithoutEnabling: false,
+		},
+		{
+			args:                []string{"ALTERNATIVE"},
+			failWithoutEnabling: true,
+		},
+		{
+			args:                []string{"ALTernatIVE"},
+			failWithoutEnabling: true,
+		},
+		{
+			args:                []string{"alternatiVE"},
+			failWithoutEnabling: true,
+		},
+		{
+			args:                []string{"child", "GRANDCHILD"},
+			failWithoutEnabling: false,
+		},
+		{
+			args:                []string{"child", "grandchild"},
+			failWithoutEnabling: true,
+		},
+		{
+			args:                []string{"CHIld", "GRANdchild"},
+			failWithoutEnabling: true,
+		},
+		{
+			args:                []string{"alternative", "ALIAS"},
+			failWithoutEnabling: false,
+		},
+		{
+			args:                []string{"alternative", "alias"},
+			failWithoutEnabling: true,
+		},
+		{
+			args:                []string{"CHILD", "alias"},
+			failWithoutEnabling: true,
+		},
+		{
+			args:                []string{"CHIld", "aliAS"},
+			failWithoutEnabling: true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		for _, enableCaseInsensitivity := range []bool{true, false} {
+			EnableCaseInsensitive = enableCaseInsensitivity
+
+			output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, test.args...)
+			expectedFailure := test.failWithoutEnabling && !enableCaseInsensitivity
+
+			if !expectedFailure && output != "" {
+				t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
+			}
+			if !expectedFailure && err != nil {
+				t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	EnableCaseInsensitive = defaultCaseInsensitive
+}
+
+// This test make sure we keep backwards-compatibility with respect
+// to command names case sensitivity behavior.
+func TestCaseSensitivityBackwardCompatibility(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun}
+
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+	_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, strings.ToUpper(childCmd.Use))
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("Expected error on calling a command in upper case while command names are case sensitive. Got nil.")
+	}
+
+}
+
+func TestRemoveCommand(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+	rootCmd.RemoveCommand(childCmd)
+
+	_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "child")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("Expected error on calling removed command. Got nil.")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestReplaceCommandWithRemove(t *testing.T) {
+	childUsed := 0
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	child1Cmd := &Command{
+		Use: "child",
+		Run: func(*Command, []string) { childUsed = 1 },
+	}
+	child2Cmd := &Command{
+		Use: "child",
+		Run: func(*Command, []string) { childUsed = 2 },
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(child1Cmd)
+	rootCmd.RemoveCommand(child1Cmd)
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(child2Cmd)
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "child")
+	if output != "" {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if childUsed == 1 {
+		t.Error("Removed command shouldn't be called")
+	}
+	if childUsed != 2 {
+		t.Error("Replacing command should have been called but didn't")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDeprecatedCommand(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	deprecatedCmd := &Command{
+		Use:        "deprecated",
+		Deprecated: "This command is deprecated",
+		Run:        emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(deprecatedCmd)
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "deprecated")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, deprecatedCmd.Deprecated)
+}
+
+func TestHooks(t *testing.T) {
+	var (
+		persPreArgs  string
+		preArgs      string
+		runArgs      string
+		postArgs     string
+		persPostArgs string
+	)
+
+	c := &Command{
+		Use: "c",
+		PersistentPreRun: func(_ *Command, args []string) {
+			persPreArgs = strings.Join(args, " ")
+		},
+		PreRun: func(_ *Command, args []string) {
+			preArgs = strings.Join(args, " ")
+		},
+		Run: func(_ *Command, args []string) {
+			runArgs = strings.Join(args, " ")
+		},
+		PostRun: func(_ *Command, args []string) {
+			postArgs = strings.Join(args, " ")
+		},
+		PersistentPostRun: func(_ *Command, args []string) {
+			persPostArgs = strings.Join(args, " ")
+		},
+	}
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(c, "one", "two")
+	if output != "" {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	for _, v := range []struct {
+		name string
+		got  string
+	}{
+		{"persPreArgs", persPreArgs},
+		{"preArgs", preArgs},
+		{"runArgs", runArgs},
+		{"postArgs", postArgs},
+		{"persPostArgs", persPostArgs},
+	} {
+		if v.got != onetwo {
+			t.Errorf("Expected %s %q, got %q", v.name, onetwo, v.got)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPersistentHooks(t *testing.T) {
+	EnableTraverseRunHooks = true
+	testPersistentHooks(t, []string{
+		"parent PersistentPreRun",
+		"child PersistentPreRun",
+		"child PreRun",
+		"child Run",
+		"child PostRun",
+		"child PersistentPostRun",
+		"parent PersistentPostRun",
+	})
+
+	EnableTraverseRunHooks = false
+	testPersistentHooks(t, []string{
+		"child PersistentPreRun",
+		"child PreRun",
+		"child Run",
+		"child PostRun",
+		"child PersistentPostRun",
+	})
+}
+
+func testPersistentHooks(t *testing.T, expectedHookRunOrder []string) {
+	var hookRunOrder []string
+
+	validateHook := func(args []string, hookName string) {
+		hookRunOrder = append(hookRunOrder, hookName)
+		got := strings.Join(args, " ")
+		if onetwo != got {
+			t.Errorf("Expected %s %q, got %q", hookName, onetwo, got)
+		}
+	}
+
+	parentCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "parent",
+		PersistentPreRun: func(_ *Command, args []string) {
+			validateHook(args, "parent PersistentPreRun")
+		},
+		PreRun: func(_ *Command, args []string) {
+			validateHook(args, "parent PreRun")
+		},
+		Run: func(_ *Command, args []string) {
+			validateHook(args, "parent Run")
+		},
+		PostRun: func(_ *Command, args []string) {
+			validateHook(args, "parent PostRun")
+		},
+		PersistentPostRun: func(_ *Command, args []string) {
+			validateHook(args, "parent PersistentPostRun")
+		},
+	}
+
+	childCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "child",
+		PersistentPreRun: func(_ *Command, args []string) {
+			validateHook(args, "child PersistentPreRun")
+		},
+		PreRun: func(_ *Command, args []string) {
+			validateHook(args, "child PreRun")
+		},
+		Run: func(_ *Command, args []string) {
+			validateHook(args, "child Run")
+		},
+		PostRun: func(_ *Command, args []string) {
+			validateHook(args, "child PostRun")
+		},
+		PersistentPostRun: func(_ *Command, args []string) {
+			validateHook(args, "child PersistentPostRun")
+		},
+	}
+	parentCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(parentCmd, "child", "one", "two")
+	if output != "" {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	for idx, exp := range expectedHookRunOrder {
+		if len(hookRunOrder) > idx {
+			if act := hookRunOrder[idx]; act != exp {
+				t.Errorf("Expected %q at %d, got %q", exp, idx, act)
+			}
+		} else {
+			t.Errorf("Expected %q at %d, got nothing", exp, idx)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Related to https://github.com/spf13/cobra/issues/521.
+func TestGlobalNormFuncPropagation(t *testing.T) {
+	normFunc := func(f *pflag.FlagSet, name string) pflag.NormalizedName {
+		return pflag.NormalizedName(name)
+	}
+
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	rootCmd.SetGlobalNormalizationFunc(normFunc)
+	if reflect.ValueOf(normFunc).Pointer() != reflect.ValueOf(rootCmd.GlobalNormalizationFunc()).Pointer() {
+		t.Error("rootCmd seems to have a wrong normalization function")
+	}
+
+	if reflect.ValueOf(normFunc).Pointer() != reflect.ValueOf(childCmd.GlobalNormalizationFunc()).Pointer() {
+		t.Error("childCmd should have had the normalization function of rootCmd")
+	}
+}
+
+// Related to https://github.com/spf13/cobra/issues/521.
+func TestNormPassedOnLocal(t *testing.T) {
+	toUpper := func(f *pflag.FlagSet, name string) pflag.NormalizedName {
+		return pflag.NormalizedName(strings.ToUpper(name))
+	}
+
+	c := &Command{}
+	c.Flags().Bool("flagname", true, "this is a dummy flag")
+	c.SetGlobalNormalizationFunc(toUpper)
+	if c.LocalFlags().Lookup("flagname") != c.LocalFlags().Lookup("FLAGNAME") {
+		t.Error("Normalization function should be passed on to Local flag set")
+	}
+}
+
+// Related to https://github.com/spf13/cobra/issues/521.
+func TestNormPassedOnInherited(t *testing.T) {
+	toUpper := func(f *pflag.FlagSet, name string) pflag.NormalizedName {
+		return pflag.NormalizedName(strings.ToUpper(name))
+	}
+
+	c := &Command{}
+	c.SetGlobalNormalizationFunc(toUpper)
+
+	child1 := &Command{}
+	c.AddCommand(child1)
+
+	c.PersistentFlags().Bool("flagname", true, "")
+
+	child2 := &Command{}
+	c.AddCommand(child2)
+
+	inherited := child1.InheritedFlags()
+	if inherited.Lookup("flagname") == nil || inherited.Lookup("flagname") != inherited.Lookup("FLAGNAME") {
+		t.Error("Normalization function should be passed on to inherited flag set in command added before flag")
+	}
+
+	inherited = child2.InheritedFlags()
+	if inherited.Lookup("flagname") == nil || inherited.Lookup("flagname") != inherited.Lookup("FLAGNAME") {
+		t.Error("Normalization function should be passed on to inherited flag set in command added after flag")
+	}
+}
+
+// Related to https://github.com/spf13/cobra/issues/521.
+func TestConsistentNormalizedName(t *testing.T) {
+	toUpper := func(f *pflag.FlagSet, name string) pflag.NormalizedName {
+		return pflag.NormalizedName(strings.ToUpper(name))
+	}
+	n := func(f *pflag.FlagSet, name string) pflag.NormalizedName {
+		return pflag.NormalizedName(name)
+	}
+
+	c := &Command{}
+	c.Flags().Bool("flagname", true, "")
+	c.SetGlobalNormalizationFunc(toUpper)
+	c.SetGlobalNormalizationFunc(n)
+
+	if c.LocalFlags().Lookup("flagname") == c.LocalFlags().Lookup("FLAGNAME") {
+		t.Error("Normalizing flag names should not result in duplicate flags")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFlagOnPflagCommandLine(t *testing.T) {
+	flagName := "flagOnCommandLine"
+	pflag.String(flagName, "", "about my flag")
+
+	c := &Command{Use: "c", Run: emptyRun}
+	c.AddCommand(&Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun})
+
+	output, _ := executeCommand(c, "--help")
+	checkStringContains(t, output, flagName)
+
+	resetCommandLineFlagSet()
+}
+
+// TestHiddenCommandExecutes checks,
+// if hidden commands run as intended.
+func TestHiddenCommandExecutes(t *testing.T) {
+	executed := false
+	c := &Command{
+		Use:    "c",
+		Hidden: true,
+		Run:    func(*Command, []string) { executed = true },
+	}
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(c)
+	if output != "" {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected output: %v", output)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if !executed {
+		t.Error("Hidden command should have been executed")
+	}
+}
+
+// test to ensure hidden commands do not show up in usage/help text
+func TestHiddenCommandIsHidden(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Command{Use: "c", Hidden: true, Run: emptyRun}
+	if c.IsAvailableCommand() {
+		t.Errorf("Hidden command should be unavailable")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCommandsAreSorted(t *testing.T) {
+	EnableCommandSorting = true
+
+	originalNames := []string{"middle", "zlast", "afirst"}
+	expectedNames := []string{"afirst", "middle", "zlast"}
+
+	var rootCmd = &Command{Use: "root"}
+
+	for _, name := range originalNames {
+		rootCmd.AddCommand(&Command{Use: name})
+	}
+
+	for i, c := range rootCmd.Commands() {
+		got := c.Name()
+		if expectedNames[i] != got {
+			t.Errorf("Expected: %s, got: %s", expectedNames[i], got)
+		}
+	}
+
+	EnableCommandSorting = defaultCommandSorting
+}
+
+func TestEnableCommandSortingIsDisabled(t *testing.T) {
+	EnableCommandSorting = false
+
+	originalNames := []string{"middle", "zlast", "afirst"}
+
+	var rootCmd = &Command{Use: "root"}
+
+	for _, name := range originalNames {
+		rootCmd.AddCommand(&Command{Use: name})
+	}
+
+	for i, c := range rootCmd.Commands() {
+		got := c.Name()
+		if originalNames[i] != got {
+			t.Errorf("expected: %s, got: %s", originalNames[i], got)
+		}
+	}
+
+	EnableCommandSorting = defaultCommandSorting
+}
+
+func TestUsageWithGroup(t *testing.T) {
+	var rootCmd = &Command{Use: "root", Short: "test", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.CompletionOptions.DisableDefaultCmd = true
+
+	rootCmd.AddGroup(&Group{ID: "group1", Title: "group1"})
+	rootCmd.AddGroup(&Group{ID: "group2", Title: "group2"})
+
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(&Command{Use: "cmd1", GroupID: "group1", Run: emptyRun})
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(&Command{Use: "cmd2", GroupID: "group2", Run: emptyRun})
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "--help")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// help should be ungrouped here
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "\nAdditional Commands:\n  help")
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "\ngroup1\n  cmd1")
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "\ngroup2\n  cmd2")
+}
+
+func TestUsageHelpGroup(t *testing.T) {
+	var rootCmd = &Command{Use: "root", Short: "test", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.CompletionOptions.DisableDefaultCmd = true
+
+	rootCmd.AddGroup(&Group{ID: "group", Title: "group"})
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(&Command{Use: "xxx", GroupID: "group", Run: emptyRun})
+	rootCmd.SetHelpCommandGroupID("group")
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "--help")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// now help should be grouped under "group"
+	checkStringOmits(t, output, "\nAdditional Commands:\n  help")
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "\ngroup\n  help")
+}
+
+func TestUsageCompletionGroup(t *testing.T) {
+	var rootCmd = &Command{Use: "root", Short: "test", Run: emptyRun}
+
+	rootCmd.AddGroup(&Group{ID: "group", Title: "group"})
+	rootCmd.AddGroup(&Group{ID: "help", Title: "help"})
+
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(&Command{Use: "xxx", GroupID: "group", Run: emptyRun})
+	rootCmd.SetHelpCommandGroupID("help")
+	rootCmd.SetCompletionCommandGroupID("group")
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "--help")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// now completion should be grouped under "group"
+	checkStringOmits(t, output, "\nAdditional Commands:\n  completion")
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "\ngroup\n  completion")
+}
+
+func TestUngroupedCommand(t *testing.T) {
+	var rootCmd = &Command{Use: "root", Short: "test", Run: emptyRun}
+
+	rootCmd.AddGroup(&Group{ID: "group", Title: "group"})
+	rootCmd.AddGroup(&Group{ID: "help", Title: "help"})
+
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(&Command{Use: "xxx", GroupID: "group", Run: emptyRun})
+	rootCmd.SetHelpCommandGroupID("help")
+	rootCmd.SetCompletionCommandGroupID("group")
+
+	// Add a command without a group
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(&Command{Use: "yyy", Run: emptyRun})
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "--help")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// The yyy command should be in the additional command "group"
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "\nAdditional Commands:\n  yyy")
+}
+
+func TestAddGroup(t *testing.T) {
+	var rootCmd = &Command{Use: "root", Short: "test", Run: emptyRun}
+
+	rootCmd.AddGroup(&Group{ID: "group", Title: "Test group"})
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(&Command{Use: "cmd", GroupID: "group", Run: emptyRun})
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "--help")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "\nTest group\n  cmd")
+}
+
+func TestWrongGroupFirstLevel(t *testing.T) {
+	var rootCmd = &Command{Use: "root", Short: "test", Run: emptyRun}
+
+	rootCmd.AddGroup(&Group{ID: "group", Title: "Test group"})
+	// Use the wrong group ID
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(&Command{Use: "cmd", GroupID: "wrong", Run: emptyRun})
+
+	defer func() {
+		if recover() == nil {
+			t.Errorf("The code should have panicked due to a missing group")
+		}
+	}()
+	_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "--help")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestWrongGroupNestedLevel(t *testing.T) {
+	var rootCmd = &Command{Use: "root", Short: "test", Run: emptyRun}
+	var childCmd = &Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	childCmd.AddGroup(&Group{ID: "group", Title: "Test group"})
+	// Use the wrong group ID
+	childCmd.AddCommand(&Command{Use: "cmd", GroupID: "wrong", Run: emptyRun})
+
+	defer func() {
+		if recover() == nil {
+			t.Errorf("The code should have panicked due to a missing group")
+		}
+	}()
+	_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "child", "--help")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestWrongGroupForHelp(t *testing.T) {
+	var rootCmd = &Command{Use: "root", Short: "test", Run: emptyRun}
+	var childCmd = &Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	rootCmd.AddGroup(&Group{ID: "group", Title: "Test group"})
+	// Use the wrong group ID
+	rootCmd.SetHelpCommandGroupID("wrong")
+
+	defer func() {
+		if recover() == nil {
+			t.Errorf("The code should have panicked due to a missing group")
+		}
+	}()
+	_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "--help")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestWrongGroupForCompletion(t *testing.T) {
+	var rootCmd = &Command{Use: "root", Short: "test", Run: emptyRun}
+	var childCmd = &Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	rootCmd.AddGroup(&Group{ID: "group", Title: "Test group"})
+	// Use the wrong group ID
+	rootCmd.SetCompletionCommandGroupID("wrong")
+
+	defer func() {
+		if recover() == nil {
+			t.Errorf("The code should have panicked due to a missing group")
+		}
+	}()
+	_, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "--help")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSetOutput(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Command{}
+	c.SetOutput(nil)
+	if out := c.OutOrStdout(); out != os.Stdout {
+		t.Errorf("Expected setting output to nil to revert back to stdout")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSetOut(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Command{}
+	c.SetOut(nil)
+	if out := c.OutOrStdout(); out != os.Stdout {
+		t.Errorf("Expected setting output to nil to revert back to stdout")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSetErr(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Command{}
+	c.SetErr(nil)
+	if out := c.ErrOrStderr(); out != os.Stderr {
+		t.Errorf("Expected setting error to nil to revert back to stderr")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSetIn(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Command{}
+	c.SetIn(nil)
+	if out := c.InOrStdin(); out != os.Stdin {
+		t.Errorf("Expected setting input to nil to revert back to stdin")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUsageStringRedirected(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Command{}
+
+	c.usageFunc = func(cmd *Command) error {
+		cmd.Print("[stdout1]")
+		cmd.PrintErr("[stderr2]")
+		cmd.Print("[stdout3]")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	expected := "[stdout1][stderr2][stdout3]"
+	if got := c.UsageString(); got != expected {
+		t.Errorf("Expected usage string to consider both stdout and stderr")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCommandPrintRedirection(t *testing.T) {
+	errBuff, outBuff := bytes.NewBuffer(nil), bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
+	root := &Command{
+		Run: func(cmd *Command, args []string) {
+
+			cmd.PrintErr("PrintErr")
+			cmd.PrintErrln("PrintErr", "line")
+			cmd.PrintErrf("PrintEr%s", "r")
+
+			cmd.Print("Print")
+			cmd.Println("Print", "line")
+			cmd.Printf("Prin%s", "t")
+		},
+	}
+
+	root.SetErr(errBuff)
+	root.SetOut(outBuff)
+
+	if err := root.Execute(); err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+
+	gotErrBytes, err := ioutil.ReadAll(errBuff)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+
+	gotOutBytes, err := ioutil.ReadAll(outBuff)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+
+	if wantErr := []byte("PrintErrPrintErr line\nPrintErr"); !bytes.Equal(gotErrBytes, wantErr) {
+		t.Errorf("got: '%s' want: '%s'", gotErrBytes, wantErr)
+	}
+
+	if wantOut := []byte("PrintPrint line\nPrint"); !bytes.Equal(gotOutBytes, wantOut) {
+		t.Errorf("got: '%s' want: '%s'", gotOutBytes, wantOut)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFlagErrorFunc(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Command{Use: "c", Run: emptyRun}
+
+	expectedFmt := "This is expected: %v"
+	c.SetFlagErrorFunc(func(_ *Command, err error) error {
+		return fmt.Errorf(expectedFmt, err)
+	})
+
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "--unknown-flag")
+
+	got := err.Error()
+	expected := fmt.Sprintf(expectedFmt, "unknown flag: --unknown-flag")
+	if got != expected {
+		t.Errorf("Expected %v, got %v", expected, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFlagErrorFuncHelp(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Command{Use: "c", Run: emptyRun}
+	c.PersistentFlags().Bool("help", false, "help for c")
+	c.SetFlagErrorFunc(func(_ *Command, err error) error {
+		return fmt.Errorf("wrap error: %w", err)
+	})
+
+	out, err := executeCommand(c, "--help")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("--help should not fail: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := `Usage:
+  c [flags]
+
+Flags:
+      --help   help for c
+`
+	if out != expected {
+		t.Errorf("Expected: %v, got: %v", expected, out)
+	}
+
+	out, err = executeCommand(c, "-h")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("-h should not fail: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if out != expected {
+		t.Errorf("Expected: %v, got: %v", expected, out)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSortedFlags checks,
+// if cmd.LocalFlags() is unsorted when cmd.Flags().SortFlags set to false.
+// Related to https://github.com/spf13/cobra/issues/404.
+func TestSortedFlags(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Command{}
+	c.Flags().SortFlags = false
+	names := []string{"C", "B", "A", "D"}
+	for _, name := range names {
+		c.Flags().Bool(name, false, "")
+	}
+
+	i := 0
+	c.LocalFlags().VisitAll(func(f *pflag.Flag) {
+		if i == len(names) {
+			return
+		}
+		if stringInSlice(f.Name, names) {
+			if names[i] != f.Name {
+				t.Errorf("Incorrect order. Expected %v, got %v", names[i], f.Name)
+			}
+			i++
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// TestMergeCommandLineToFlags checks,
+// if pflag.CommandLine is correctly merged to c.Flags() after first call
+// of c.mergePersistentFlags.
+// Related to https://github.com/spf13/cobra/issues/443.
+func TestMergeCommandLineToFlags(t *testing.T) {
+	pflag.Bool("boolflag", false, "")
+	c := &Command{Use: "c", Run: emptyRun}
+	c.mergePersistentFlags()
+	if c.Flags().Lookup("boolflag") == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Expecting to have flag from CommandLine in c.Flags()")
+	}
+
+	resetCommandLineFlagSet()
+}
+
+// TestUseDeprecatedFlags checks,
+// if cobra.Execute() prints a message, if a deprecated flag is used.
+// Related to https://github.com/spf13/cobra/issues/463.
+func TestUseDeprecatedFlags(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Command{Use: "c", Run: emptyRun}
+	c.Flags().BoolP("deprecated", "d", false, "deprecated flag")
+	assertNoErr(t, c.Flags().MarkDeprecated("deprecated", "This flag is deprecated"))
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(c, "c", "-d")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error("Unexpected error:", err)
+	}
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "This flag is deprecated")
+}
+
+func TestTraverseWithParentFlags(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", TraverseChildren: true}
+	rootCmd.Flags().String("str", "", "")
+	rootCmd.Flags().BoolP("bool", "b", false, "")
+
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child"}
+	childCmd.Flags().Int("int", -1, "")
+
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	c, args, err := rootCmd.Traverse([]string{"-b", "--str", "ok", "child", "--int"})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(args) != 1 && args[0] != "--add" {
+		t.Errorf("Wrong args: %v", args)
+	}
+	if c.Name() != childCmd.Name() {
+		t.Errorf("Expected command: %q, got: %q", childCmd.Name(), c.Name())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTraverseNoParentFlags(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", TraverseChildren: true}
+	rootCmd.Flags().String("foo", "", "foo things")
+
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child"}
+	childCmd.Flags().String("str", "", "")
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	c, args, err := rootCmd.Traverse([]string{"child"})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(args) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("Wrong args %v", args)
+	}
+	if c.Name() != childCmd.Name() {
+		t.Errorf("Expected command: %q, got: %q", childCmd.Name(), c.Name())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTraverseWithBadParentFlags(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", TraverseChildren: true}
+
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child"}
+	childCmd.Flags().String("str", "", "")
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	expected := "unknown flag: --str"
+
+	c, _, err := rootCmd.Traverse([]string{"--str", "ok", "child"})
+	if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), expected) {
+		t.Errorf("Expected error, %q, got %q", expected, err)
+	}
+	if c != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Expected nil command")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTraverseWithBadChildFlag(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", TraverseChildren: true}
+	rootCmd.Flags().String("str", "", "")
+
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child"}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	// Expect no error because the last commands args shouldn't be parsed in
+	// Traverse.
+	c, args, err := rootCmd.Traverse([]string{"child", "--str"})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(args) != 1 && args[0] != "--str" {
+		t.Errorf("Wrong args: %v", args)
+	}
+	if c.Name() != childCmd.Name() {
+		t.Errorf("Expected command %q, got: %q", childCmd.Name(), c.Name())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTraverseWithTwoSubcommands(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", TraverseChildren: true}
+
+	subCmd := &Command{Use: "sub", TraverseChildren: true}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(subCmd)
+
+	subsubCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "subsub",
+	}
+	subCmd.AddCommand(subsubCmd)
+
+	c, _, err := rootCmd.Traverse([]string{"sub", "subsub"})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if c.Name() != subsubCmd.Name() {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected command: %q, got %q", subsubCmd.Name(), c.Name())
+	}
+}
+
+// TestUpdateName checks if c.Name() updates on changed c.Use.
+// Related to https://github.com/spf13/cobra/pull/422#discussion_r143918343.
+func TestUpdateName(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Command{Use: "name xyz"}
+	originalName := c.Name()
+
+	c.Use = "changedName abc"
+	if originalName == c.Name() || c.Name() != "changedName" {
+		t.Error("c.Name() should be updated on changed c.Use")
+	}
+}
+
+type calledAsTestcase struct {
+	args []string
+	call string
+	want string
+	epm  bool
+}
+
+func (tc *calledAsTestcase) test(t *testing.T) {
+	defer func(ov bool) { EnablePrefixMatching = ov }(EnablePrefixMatching)
+	EnablePrefixMatching = tc.epm
+
+	var called *Command
+	run := func(c *Command, _ []string) { t.Logf("called: %q", c.Name()); called = c }
+
+	parent := &Command{Use: "parent", Run: run}
+	child1 := &Command{Use: "child1", Run: run, Aliases: []string{"this"}}
+	child2 := &Command{Use: "child2", Run: run, Aliases: []string{"that"}}
+
+	parent.AddCommand(child1)
+	parent.AddCommand(child2)
+	parent.SetArgs(tc.args)
+
+	output := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	parent.SetOut(output)
+	parent.SetErr(output)
+
+	_ = parent.Execute()
+
+	if called == nil {
+		if tc.call != "" {
+			t.Errorf("missing expected call to command: %s", tc.call)
+		}
+		return
+	}
+
+	if called.Name() != tc.call {
+		t.Errorf("called command == %q; Wanted %q", called.Name(), tc.call)
+	} else if got := called.CalledAs(); got != tc.want {
+		t.Errorf("%s.CalledAs() == %q; Wanted: %q", tc.call, got, tc.want)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCalledAs(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := map[string]calledAsTestcase{
+		"find/no-args":            {nil, "parent", "parent", false},
+		"find/real-name":          {[]string{"child1"}, "child1", "child1", false},
+		"find/full-alias":         {[]string{"that"}, "child2", "that", false},
+		"find/part-no-prefix":     {[]string{"thi"}, "", "", false},
+		"find/part-alias":         {[]string{"thi"}, "child1", "this", true},
+		"find/conflict":           {[]string{"th"}, "", "", true},
+		"traverse/no-args":        {nil, "parent", "parent", false},
+		"traverse/real-name":      {[]string{"child1"}, "child1", "child1", false},
+		"traverse/full-alias":     {[]string{"that"}, "child2", "that", false},
+		"traverse/part-no-prefix": {[]string{"thi"}, "", "", false},
+		"traverse/part-alias":     {[]string{"thi"}, "child1", "this", true},
+		"traverse/conflict":       {[]string{"th"}, "", "", true},
+	}
+
+	for name, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(name, tc.test)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFParseErrWhitelistBackwardCompatibility(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Command{Use: "c", Run: emptyRun}
+	c.Flags().BoolP("boola", "a", false, "a boolean flag")
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(c, "c", "-a", "--unknown", "flag")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("expected unknown flag error")
+	}
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "unknown flag: --unknown")
+}
+
+func TestFParseErrWhitelistSameCommand(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Command{
+		Use: "c",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+		FParseErrWhitelist: FParseErrWhitelist{
+			UnknownFlags: true,
+		},
+	}
+	c.Flags().BoolP("boola", "a", false, "a boolean flag")
+
+	_, err := executeCommand(c, "c", "-a", "--unknown", "flag")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error("unexpected error: ", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFParseErrWhitelistParentCommand(t *testing.T) {
+	root := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+		FParseErrWhitelist: FParseErrWhitelist{
+			UnknownFlags: true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	c := &Command{
+		Use: "child",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+	c.Flags().BoolP("boola", "a", false, "a boolean flag")
+
+	root.AddCommand(c)
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(root, "child", "-a", "--unknown", "flag")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("expected unknown flag error")
+	}
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "unknown flag: --unknown")
+}
+
+func TestFParseErrWhitelistChildCommand(t *testing.T) {
+	root := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+
+	c := &Command{
+		Use: "child",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+		FParseErrWhitelist: FParseErrWhitelist{
+			UnknownFlags: true,
+		},
+	}
+	c.Flags().BoolP("boola", "a", false, "a boolean flag")
+
+	root.AddCommand(c)
+
+	_, err := executeCommand(root, "child", "-a", "--unknown", "flag")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error("unexpected error: ", err.Error())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFParseErrWhitelistSiblingCommand(t *testing.T) {
+	root := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+
+	c := &Command{
+		Use: "child",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+		FParseErrWhitelist: FParseErrWhitelist{
+			UnknownFlags: true,
+		},
+	}
+	c.Flags().BoolP("boola", "a", false, "a boolean flag")
+
+	s := &Command{
+		Use: "sibling",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+	s.Flags().BoolP("boolb", "b", false, "a boolean flag")
+
+	root.AddCommand(c)
+	root.AddCommand(s)
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(root, "sibling", "-b", "--unknown", "flag")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("expected unknown flag error")
+	}
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "unknown flag: --unknown")
+}
+
+func TestSetContext(t *testing.T) {
+	type key struct{}
+	val := "foobar"
+	root := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		Run: func(cmd *Command, args []string) {
+			key := cmd.Context().Value(key{})
+			got, ok := key.(string)
+			if !ok {
+				t.Error("key not found in context")
+			}
+			if got != val {
+				t.Errorf("Expected value: \n %v\nGot:\n %v\n", val, got)
+			}
+		},
+	}
+
+	ctx := context.WithValue(context.Background(), key{}, val)
+	root.SetContext(ctx)
+	err := root.Execute()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSetContextPreRun(t *testing.T) {
+	type key struct{}
+	val := "barr"
+	root := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		PreRun: func(cmd *Command, args []string) {
+			ctx := context.WithValue(cmd.Context(), key{}, val)
+			cmd.SetContext(ctx)
+		},
+		Run: func(cmd *Command, args []string) {
+			val := cmd.Context().Value(key{})
+			got, ok := val.(string)
+			if !ok {
+				t.Error("key not found in context")
+			}
+			if got != val {
+				t.Errorf("Expected value: \n %v\nGot:\n %v\n", val, got)
+			}
+		},
+	}
+	err := root.Execute()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSetContextPreRunOverwrite(t *testing.T) {
+	type key struct{}
+	val := "blah"
+	root := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		Run: func(cmd *Command, args []string) {
+			key := cmd.Context().Value(key{})
+			_, ok := key.(string)
+			if ok {
+				t.Error("key found in context when not expected")
+			}
+		},
+	}
+	ctx := context.WithValue(context.Background(), key{}, val)
+	root.SetContext(ctx)
+	err := root.ExecuteContext(context.Background())
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSetContextPersistentPreRun(t *testing.T) {
+	type key struct{}
+	val := "barbar"
+	root := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		PersistentPreRun: func(cmd *Command, args []string) {
+			ctx := context.WithValue(cmd.Context(), key{}, val)
+			cmd.SetContext(ctx)
+		},
+	}
+	child := &Command{
+		Use: "child",
+		Run: func(cmd *Command, args []string) {
+			key := cmd.Context().Value(key{})
+			got, ok := key.(string)
+			if !ok {
+				t.Error("key not found in context")
+			}
+			if got != val {
+				t.Errorf("Expected value: \n %v\nGot:\n %v\n", val, got)
+			}
+		},
+	}
+	root.AddCommand(child)
+	root.SetArgs([]string{"child"})
+	err := root.Execute()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+}
+
+const VersionFlag = "--version"
+const HelpFlag = "--help"
+
+func TestNoRootRunCommandExecutedWithVersionSet(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Version: "1.0.0", Long: "Long description"}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(&Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun})
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, rootCmd.Long)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, HelpFlag)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, VersionFlag)
+}
+
+func TestNoRootRunCommandExecutedWithoutVersionSet(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Long: "Long description"}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(&Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun})
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, rootCmd.Long)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, HelpFlag)
+	checkStringOmits(t, output, VersionFlag)
+}
+
+func TestHelpCommandExecutedWithVersionSet(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Version: "1.0.0", Long: "Long description", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(&Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun})
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "help")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, rootCmd.Long)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, HelpFlag)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, VersionFlag)
+}
+
+func TestHelpCommandExecutedWithoutVersionSet(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Long: "Long description", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(&Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun})
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, "help")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, rootCmd.Long)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, HelpFlag)
+	checkStringOmits(t, output, VersionFlag)
+}
+
+func TestHelpflagCommandExecutedWithVersionSet(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Version: "1.0.0", Long: "Long description", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(&Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun})
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, HelpFlag)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, rootCmd.Long)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, HelpFlag)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, VersionFlag)
+}
+
+func TestHelpflagCommandExecutedWithoutVersionSet(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Long: "Long description", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(&Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun})
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, HelpFlag)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, rootCmd.Long)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, HelpFlag)
+	checkStringOmits(t, output, VersionFlag)
+}
+
+func TestFind(t *testing.T) {
+	var foo, bar string
+	root := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+	}
+	root.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&foo, "foo", "f", "", "")
+	root.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&bar, "bar", "b", "something", "")
+
+	child := &Command{
+		Use: "child",
+	}
+	root.AddCommand(child)
+
+	testCases := []struct {
+		args              []string
+		expectedFoundArgs []string
+	}{
+		{
+			[]string{"child"},
+			[]string{},
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"child", "child"},
+			[]string{"child"},
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"child", "foo", "child", "bar", "child", "baz", "child"},
+			[]string{"foo", "child", "bar", "child", "baz", "child"},
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"-f", "child", "child"},
+			[]string{"-f", "child"},
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"child", "-f", "child"},
+			[]string{"-f", "child"},
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"-b", "child", "child"},
+			[]string{"-b", "child"},
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"child", "-b", "child"},
+			[]string{"-b", "child"},
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"child", "-b"},
+			[]string{"-b"},
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"-b", "-f", "child", "child"},
+			[]string{"-b", "-f", "child"},
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"-f", "child", "-b", "something", "child"},
+			[]string{"-f", "child", "-b", "something"},
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"-f", "child", "child", "-b"},
+			[]string{"-f", "child", "-b"},
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"-f=child", "-b=something", "child"},
+			[]string{"-f=child", "-b=something"},
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"--foo", "child", "--bar", "something", "child"},
+			[]string{"--foo", "child", "--bar", "something"},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%v", tc.args), func(t *testing.T) {
+			cmd, foundArgs, err := root.Find(tc.args)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			if cmd != child {
+				t.Fatal("Expected cmd to be child, but it was not")
+			}
+
+			if !reflect.DeepEqual(tc.expectedFoundArgs, foundArgs) {
+				t.Fatalf("Wrong args\nExpected: %v\nGot: %v", tc.expectedFoundArgs, foundArgs)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUnknownFlagShouldReturnSameErrorRegardlessOfArgPosition(t *testing.T) {
+	testCases := [][]string{
+		//{"--unknown", "--namespace", "foo", "child", "--bar"}, // FIXME: This test case fails, returning the error `unknown command "foo" for "root"` instead of the expected error `unknown flag: --unknown`
+		{"--namespace", "foo", "--unknown", "child", "--bar"},
+		{"--namespace", "foo", "child", "--unknown", "--bar"},
+		{"--namespace", "foo", "child", "--bar", "--unknown"},
+
+		{"--unknown", "--namespace=foo", "child", "--bar"},
+		{"--namespace=foo", "--unknown", "child", "--bar"},
+		{"--namespace=foo", "child", "--unknown", "--bar"},
+		{"--namespace=foo", "child", "--bar", "--unknown"},
+
+		{"--unknown", "--namespace=foo", "child", "--bar=true"},
+		{"--namespace=foo", "--unknown", "child", "--bar=true"},
+		{"--namespace=foo", "child", "--unknown", "--bar=true"},
+		{"--namespace=foo", "child", "--bar=true", "--unknown"},
+	}
+
+	root := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+	root.PersistentFlags().String("namespace", "", "a string flag")
+
+	c := &Command{
+		Use: "child",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+	c.Flags().Bool("bar", false, "a boolean flag")
+
+	root.AddCommand(c)
+
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(strings.Join(tc, " "), func(t *testing.T) {
+			output, err := executeCommand(root, tc...)
+			if err == nil {
+				t.Error("expected unknown flag error")
+			}
+			checkStringContains(t, output, "unknown flag: --unknown")
+		})
+	}
+}
diff --git a/command_win.go b/command_win.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..adbef39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/command_win.go
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+//go:build windows
+// +build windows
+
+package cobra
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap"
+)
+
+var preExecHookFn = preExecHook
+
+func preExecHook(c *Command) {
+	if MousetrapHelpText != "" && mousetrap.StartedByExplorer() {
+		c.Print(MousetrapHelpText)
+		if MousetrapDisplayDuration > 0 {
+			time.Sleep(MousetrapDisplayDuration)
+		} else {
+			c.Println("Press return to continue...")
+			fmt.Scanln()
+		}
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/completions.go b/completions.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b60f6b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/completions.go
@@ -0,0 +1,901 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cobra
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
+)
+
+const (
+	// ShellCompRequestCmd is the name of the hidden command that is used to request
+	// completion results from the program.  It is used by the shell completion scripts.
+	ShellCompRequestCmd = "__complete"
+	// ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd is the name of the hidden command that is used to request
+	// completion results without their description.  It is used by the shell completion scripts.
+	ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd = "__completeNoDesc"
+)
+
+// Global map of flag completion functions. Make sure to use flagCompletionMutex before you try to read and write from it.
+var flagCompletionFunctions = map[*pflag.Flag]func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective){}
+
+// lock for reading and writing from flagCompletionFunctions
+var flagCompletionMutex = &sync.RWMutex{}
+
+// ShellCompDirective is a bit map representing the different behaviors the shell
+// can be instructed to have once completions have been provided.
+type ShellCompDirective int
+
+type flagCompError struct {
+	subCommand string
+	flagName   string
+}
+
+func (e *flagCompError) Error() string {
+	return "Subcommand '" + e.subCommand + "' does not support flag '" + e.flagName + "'"
+}
+
+const (
+	// ShellCompDirectiveError indicates an error occurred and completions should be ignored.
+	ShellCompDirectiveError ShellCompDirective = 1 << iota
+
+	// ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace indicates that the shell should not add a space
+	// after the completion even if there is a single completion provided.
+	ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace
+
+	// ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp indicates that the shell should not provide
+	// file completion even when no completion is provided.
+	ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+
+	// ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt indicates that the provided completions
+	// should be used as file extension filters.
+	// For flags, using Command.MarkFlagFilename() and Command.MarkPersistentFlagFilename()
+	// is a shortcut to using this directive explicitly.  The BashCompFilenameExt
+	// annotation can also be used to obtain the same behavior for flags.
+	ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt
+
+	// ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs indicates that only directory names should
+	// be provided in file completion.  To request directory names within another
+	// directory, the returned completions should specify the directory within
+	// which to search.  The BashCompSubdirsInDir annotation can be used to
+	// obtain the same behavior but only for flags.
+	ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs
+
+	// ShellCompDirectiveKeepOrder indicates that the shell should preserve the order
+	// in which the completions are provided
+	ShellCompDirectiveKeepOrder
+
+	// ===========================================================================
+
+	// All directives using iota should be above this one.
+	// For internal use.
+	shellCompDirectiveMaxValue
+
+	// ShellCompDirectiveDefault indicates to let the shell perform its default
+	// behavior after completions have been provided.
+	// This one must be last to avoid messing up the iota count.
+	ShellCompDirectiveDefault ShellCompDirective = 0
+)
+
+const (
+	// Constants for the completion command
+	compCmdName              = "completion"
+	compCmdNoDescFlagName    = "no-descriptions"
+	compCmdNoDescFlagDesc    = "disable completion descriptions"
+	compCmdNoDescFlagDefault = false
+)
+
+// CompletionOptions are the options to control shell completion
+type CompletionOptions struct {
+	// DisableDefaultCmd prevents Cobra from creating a default 'completion' command
+	DisableDefaultCmd bool
+	// DisableNoDescFlag prevents Cobra from creating the '--no-descriptions' flag
+	// for shells that support completion descriptions
+	DisableNoDescFlag bool
+	// DisableDescriptions turns off all completion descriptions for shells
+	// that support them
+	DisableDescriptions bool
+	// HiddenDefaultCmd makes the default 'completion' command hidden
+	HiddenDefaultCmd bool
+}
+
+// NoFileCompletions can be used to disable file completion for commands that should
+// not trigger file completions.
+func NoFileCompletions(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+	return nil, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+}
+
+// FixedCompletions can be used to create a completion function which always
+// returns the same results.
+func FixedCompletions(choices []string, directive ShellCompDirective) func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+	return func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		return choices, directive
+	}
+}
+
+// RegisterFlagCompletionFunc should be called to register a function to provide completion for a flag.
+func (c *Command) RegisterFlagCompletionFunc(flagName string, f func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective)) error {
+	flag := c.Flag(flagName)
+	if flag == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("RegisterFlagCompletionFunc: flag '%s' does not exist", flagName)
+	}
+	flagCompletionMutex.Lock()
+	defer flagCompletionMutex.Unlock()
+
+	if _, exists := flagCompletionFunctions[flag]; exists {
+		return fmt.Errorf("RegisterFlagCompletionFunc: flag '%s' already registered", flagName)
+	}
+	flagCompletionFunctions[flag] = f
+	return nil
+}
+
+// GetFlagCompletionFunc returns the completion function for the given flag of the command, if available.
+func (c *Command) GetFlagCompletionFunc(flagName string) (func(*Command, []string, string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective), bool) {
+	flag := c.Flag(flagName)
+	if flag == nil {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+
+	flagCompletionMutex.RLock()
+	defer flagCompletionMutex.RUnlock()
+
+	completionFunc, exists := flagCompletionFunctions[flag]
+	return completionFunc, exists
+}
+
+// Returns a string listing the different directive enabled in the specified parameter
+func (d ShellCompDirective) string() string {
+	var directives []string
+	if d&ShellCompDirectiveError != 0 {
+		directives = append(directives, "ShellCompDirectiveError")
+	}
+	if d&ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace != 0 {
+		directives = append(directives, "ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace")
+	}
+	if d&ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp != 0 {
+		directives = append(directives, "ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp")
+	}
+	if d&ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt != 0 {
+		directives = append(directives, "ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt")
+	}
+	if d&ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs != 0 {
+		directives = append(directives, "ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs")
+	}
+	if d&ShellCompDirectiveKeepOrder != 0 {
+		directives = append(directives, "ShellCompDirectiveKeepOrder")
+	}
+	if len(directives) == 0 {
+		directives = append(directives, "ShellCompDirectiveDefault")
+	}
+
+	if d >= shellCompDirectiveMaxValue {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("ERROR: unexpected ShellCompDirective value: %d", d)
+	}
+	return strings.Join(directives, ", ")
+}
+
+// initCompleteCmd adds a special hidden command that can be used to request custom completions.
+func (c *Command) initCompleteCmd(args []string) {
+	completeCmd := &Command{
+		Use:                   fmt.Sprintf("%s [command-line]", ShellCompRequestCmd),
+		Aliases:               []string{ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd},
+		DisableFlagsInUseLine: true,
+		Hidden:                true,
+		DisableFlagParsing:    true,
+		Args:                  MinimumNArgs(1),
+		Short:                 "Request shell completion choices for the specified command-line",
+		Long: fmt.Sprintf("%[2]s is a special command that is used by the shell completion logic\n%[1]s",
+			"to request completion choices for the specified command-line.", ShellCompRequestCmd),
+		Run: func(cmd *Command, args []string) {
+			finalCmd, completions, directive, err := cmd.getCompletions(args)
+			if err != nil {
+				CompErrorln(err.Error())
+				// Keep going for multiple reasons:
+				// 1- There could be some valid completions even though there was an error
+				// 2- Even without completions, we need to print the directive
+			}
+
+			noDescriptions := (cmd.CalledAs() == ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd)
+			for _, comp := range completions {
+				if GetActiveHelpConfig(finalCmd) == activeHelpGlobalDisable {
+					// Remove all activeHelp entries in this case
+					if strings.HasPrefix(comp, activeHelpMarker) {
+						continue
+					}
+				}
+				if noDescriptions {
+					// Remove any description that may be included following a tab character.
+					comp = strings.Split(comp, "\t")[0]
+				}
+
+				// Make sure we only write the first line to the output.
+				// This is needed if a description contains a linebreak.
+				// Otherwise the shell scripts will interpret the other lines as new flags
+				// and could therefore provide a wrong completion.
+				comp = strings.Split(comp, "\n")[0]
+
+				// Finally trim the completion.  This is especially important to get rid
+				// of a trailing tab when there are no description following it.
+				// For example, a sub-command without a description should not be completed
+				// with a tab at the end (or else zsh will show a -- following it
+				// although there is no description).
+				comp = strings.TrimSpace(comp)
+
+				// Print each possible completion to stdout for the completion script to consume.
+				fmt.Fprintln(finalCmd.OutOrStdout(), comp)
+			}
+
+			// As the last printout, print the completion directive for the completion script to parse.
+			// The directive integer must be that last character following a single colon (:).
+			// The completion script expects :<directive>
+			fmt.Fprintf(finalCmd.OutOrStdout(), ":%d\n", directive)
+
+			// Print some helpful info to stderr for the user to understand.
+			// Output from stderr must be ignored by the completion script.
+			fmt.Fprintf(finalCmd.ErrOrStderr(), "Completion ended with directive: %s\n", directive.string())
+		},
+	}
+	c.AddCommand(completeCmd)
+	subCmd, _, err := c.Find(args)
+	if err != nil || subCmd.Name() != ShellCompRequestCmd {
+		// Only create this special command if it is actually being called.
+		// This reduces possible side-effects of creating such a command;
+		// for example, having this command would cause problems to a
+		// cobra program that only consists of the root command, since this
+		// command would cause the root command to suddenly have a subcommand.
+		c.RemoveCommand(completeCmd)
+	}
+}
+
+func (c *Command) getCompletions(args []string) (*Command, []string, ShellCompDirective, error) {
+	// The last argument, which is not completely typed by the user,
+	// should not be part of the list of arguments
+	toComplete := args[len(args)-1]
+	trimmedArgs := args[:len(args)-1]
+
+	var finalCmd *Command
+	var finalArgs []string
+	var err error
+	// Find the real command for which completion must be performed
+	// check if we need to traverse here to parse local flags on parent commands
+	if c.Root().TraverseChildren {
+		finalCmd, finalArgs, err = c.Root().Traverse(trimmedArgs)
+	} else {
+		// For Root commands that don't specify any value for their Args fields, when we call
+		// Find(), if those Root commands don't have any sub-commands, they will accept arguments.
+		// However, because we have added the __complete sub-command in the current code path, the
+		// call to Find() -> legacyArgs() will return an error if there are any arguments.
+		// To avoid this, we first remove the __complete command to get back to having no sub-commands.
+		rootCmd := c.Root()
+		if len(rootCmd.Commands()) == 1 {
+			rootCmd.RemoveCommand(c)
+		}
+
+		finalCmd, finalArgs, err = rootCmd.Find(trimmedArgs)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		// Unable to find the real command. E.g., <program> someInvalidCmd <TAB>
+		return c, []string{}, ShellCompDirectiveDefault, fmt.Errorf("Unable to find a command for arguments: %v", trimmedArgs)
+	}
+	finalCmd.ctx = c.ctx
+
+	// These flags are normally added when `execute()` is called on `finalCmd`,
+	// however, when doing completion, we don't call `finalCmd.execute()`.
+	// Let's add the --help and --version flag ourselves but only if the finalCmd
+	// has not disabled flag parsing; if flag parsing is disabled, it is up to the
+	// finalCmd itself to handle the completion of *all* flags.
+	if !finalCmd.DisableFlagParsing {
+		finalCmd.InitDefaultHelpFlag()
+		finalCmd.InitDefaultVersionFlag()
+	}
+
+	// Check if we are doing flag value completion before parsing the flags.
+	// This is important because if we are completing a flag value, we need to also
+	// remove the flag name argument from the list of finalArgs or else the parsing
+	// could fail due to an invalid value (incomplete) for the flag.
+	flag, finalArgs, toComplete, flagErr := checkIfFlagCompletion(finalCmd, finalArgs, toComplete)
+
+	// Check if interspersed is false or -- was set on a previous arg.
+	// This works by counting the arguments. Normally -- is not counted as arg but
+	// if -- was already set or interspersed is false and there is already one arg then
+	// the extra added -- is counted as arg.
+	flagCompletion := true
+	_ = finalCmd.ParseFlags(append(finalArgs, "--"))
+	newArgCount := finalCmd.Flags().NArg()
+
+	// Parse the flags early so we can check if required flags are set
+	if err = finalCmd.ParseFlags(finalArgs); err != nil {
+		return finalCmd, []string{}, ShellCompDirectiveDefault, fmt.Errorf("Error while parsing flags from args %v: %s", finalArgs, err.Error())
+	}
+
+	realArgCount := finalCmd.Flags().NArg()
+	if newArgCount > realArgCount {
+		// don't do flag completion (see above)
+		flagCompletion = false
+	}
+	// Error while attempting to parse flags
+	if flagErr != nil {
+		// If error type is flagCompError and we don't want flagCompletion we should ignore the error
+		if _, ok := flagErr.(*flagCompError); !(ok && !flagCompletion) {
+			return finalCmd, []string{}, ShellCompDirectiveDefault, flagErr
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Look for the --help or --version flags.  If they are present,
+	// there should be no further completions.
+	if helpOrVersionFlagPresent(finalCmd) {
+		return finalCmd, []string{}, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp, nil
+	}
+
+	// We only remove the flags from the arguments if DisableFlagParsing is not set.
+	// This is important for commands which have requested to do their own flag completion.
+	if !finalCmd.DisableFlagParsing {
+		finalArgs = finalCmd.Flags().Args()
+	}
+
+	if flag != nil && flagCompletion {
+		// Check if we are completing a flag value subject to annotations
+		if validExts, present := flag.Annotations[BashCompFilenameExt]; present {
+			if len(validExts) != 0 {
+				// File completion filtered by extensions
+				return finalCmd, validExts, ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt, nil
+			}
+
+			// The annotation requests simple file completion.  There is no reason to do
+			// that since it is the default behavior anyway.  Let's ignore this annotation
+			// in case the program also registered a completion function for this flag.
+			// Even though it is a mistake on the program's side, let's be nice when we can.
+		}
+
+		if subDir, present := flag.Annotations[BashCompSubdirsInDir]; present {
+			if len(subDir) == 1 {
+				// Directory completion from within a directory
+				return finalCmd, subDir, ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs, nil
+			}
+			// Directory completion
+			return finalCmd, []string{}, ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs, nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	var completions []string
+	var directive ShellCompDirective
+
+	// Enforce flag groups before doing flag completions
+	finalCmd.enforceFlagGroupsForCompletion()
+
+	// Note that we want to perform flagname completion even if finalCmd.DisableFlagParsing==true;
+	// doing this allows for completion of persistent flag names even for commands that disable flag parsing.
+	//
+	// When doing completion of a flag name, as soon as an argument starts with
+	// a '-' we know it is a flag.  We cannot use isFlagArg() here as it requires
+	// the flag name to be complete
+	if flag == nil && len(toComplete) > 0 && toComplete[0] == '-' && !strings.Contains(toComplete, "=") && flagCompletion {
+		// First check for required flags
+		completions = completeRequireFlags(finalCmd, toComplete)
+
+		// If we have not found any required flags, only then can we show regular flags
+		if len(completions) == 0 {
+			doCompleteFlags := func(flag *pflag.Flag) {
+				if !flag.Changed ||
+					strings.Contains(flag.Value.Type(), "Slice") ||
+					strings.Contains(flag.Value.Type(), "Array") {
+					// If the flag is not already present, or if it can be specified multiple times (Array or Slice)
+					// we suggest it as a completion
+					completions = append(completions, getFlagNameCompletions(flag, toComplete)...)
+				}
+			}
+
+			// We cannot use finalCmd.Flags() because we may not have called ParsedFlags() for commands
+			// that have set DisableFlagParsing; it is ParseFlags() that merges the inherited and
+			// non-inherited flags.
+			finalCmd.InheritedFlags().VisitAll(func(flag *pflag.Flag) {
+				doCompleteFlags(flag)
+			})
+			// Try to complete non-inherited flags even if DisableFlagParsing==true.
+			// This allows programs to tell Cobra about flags for completion even
+			// if the actual parsing of flags is not done by Cobra.
+			// For instance, Helm uses this to provide flag name completion for
+			// some of its plugins.
+			finalCmd.NonInheritedFlags().VisitAll(func(flag *pflag.Flag) {
+				doCompleteFlags(flag)
+			})
+		}
+
+		directive = ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+		if len(completions) == 1 && strings.HasSuffix(completions[0], "=") {
+			// If there is a single completion, the shell usually adds a space
+			// after the completion.  We don't want that if the flag ends with an =
+			directive = ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace
+		}
+
+		if !finalCmd.DisableFlagParsing {
+			// If DisableFlagParsing==false, we have completed the flags as known by Cobra;
+			// we can return what we found.
+			// If DisableFlagParsing==true, Cobra may not be aware of all flags, so we
+			// let the logic continue to see if ValidArgsFunction needs to be called.
+			return finalCmd, completions, directive, nil
+		}
+	} else {
+		directive = ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+		if flag == nil {
+			foundLocalNonPersistentFlag := false
+			// If TraverseChildren is true on the root command we don't check for
+			// local flags because we can use a local flag on a parent command
+			if !finalCmd.Root().TraverseChildren {
+				// Check if there are any local, non-persistent flags on the command-line
+				localNonPersistentFlags := finalCmd.LocalNonPersistentFlags()
+				finalCmd.NonInheritedFlags().VisitAll(func(flag *pflag.Flag) {
+					if localNonPersistentFlags.Lookup(flag.Name) != nil && flag.Changed {
+						foundLocalNonPersistentFlag = true
+					}
+				})
+			}
+
+			// Complete subcommand names, including the help command
+			if len(finalArgs) == 0 && !foundLocalNonPersistentFlag {
+				// We only complete sub-commands if:
+				// - there are no arguments on the command-line and
+				// - there are no local, non-persistent flags on the command-line or TraverseChildren is true
+				for _, subCmd := range finalCmd.Commands() {
+					if subCmd.IsAvailableCommand() || subCmd == finalCmd.helpCommand {
+						if strings.HasPrefix(subCmd.Name(), toComplete) {
+							completions = append(completions, fmt.Sprintf("%s\t%s", subCmd.Name(), subCmd.Short))
+						}
+						directive = ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
+			// Complete required flags even without the '-' prefix
+			completions = append(completions, completeRequireFlags(finalCmd, toComplete)...)
+
+			// Always complete ValidArgs, even if we are completing a subcommand name.
+			// This is for commands that have both subcommands and ValidArgs.
+			if len(finalCmd.ValidArgs) > 0 {
+				if len(finalArgs) == 0 {
+					// ValidArgs are only for the first argument
+					for _, validArg := range finalCmd.ValidArgs {
+						if strings.HasPrefix(validArg, toComplete) {
+							completions = append(completions, validArg)
+						}
+					}
+					directive = ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+
+					// If no completions were found within commands or ValidArgs,
+					// see if there are any ArgAliases that should be completed.
+					if len(completions) == 0 {
+						for _, argAlias := range finalCmd.ArgAliases {
+							if strings.HasPrefix(argAlias, toComplete) {
+								completions = append(completions, argAlias)
+							}
+						}
+					}
+				}
+
+				// If there are ValidArgs specified (even if they don't match), we stop completion.
+				// Only one of ValidArgs or ValidArgsFunction can be used for a single command.
+				return finalCmd, completions, directive, nil
+			}
+
+			// Let the logic continue so as to add any ValidArgsFunction completions,
+			// even if we already found sub-commands.
+			// This is for commands that have subcommands but also specify a ValidArgsFunction.
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Find the completion function for the flag or command
+	var completionFn func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective)
+	if flag != nil && flagCompletion {
+		flagCompletionMutex.RLock()
+		completionFn = flagCompletionFunctions[flag]
+		flagCompletionMutex.RUnlock()
+	} else {
+		completionFn = finalCmd.ValidArgsFunction
+	}
+	if completionFn != nil {
+		// Go custom completion defined for this flag or command.
+		// Call the registered completion function to get the completions.
+		var comps []string
+		comps, directive = completionFn(finalCmd, finalArgs, toComplete)
+		completions = append(completions, comps...)
+	}
+
+	return finalCmd, completions, directive, nil
+}
+
+func helpOrVersionFlagPresent(cmd *Command) bool {
+	if versionFlag := cmd.Flags().Lookup("version"); versionFlag != nil &&
+		len(versionFlag.Annotations[FlagSetByCobraAnnotation]) > 0 && versionFlag.Changed {
+		return true
+	}
+	if helpFlag := cmd.Flags().Lookup("help"); helpFlag != nil &&
+		len(helpFlag.Annotations[FlagSetByCobraAnnotation]) > 0 && helpFlag.Changed {
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func getFlagNameCompletions(flag *pflag.Flag, toComplete string) []string {
+	if nonCompletableFlag(flag) {
+		return []string{}
+	}
+
+	var completions []string
+	flagName := "--" + flag.Name
+	if strings.HasPrefix(flagName, toComplete) {
+		// Flag without the =
+		completions = append(completions, fmt.Sprintf("%s\t%s", flagName, flag.Usage))
+
+		// Why suggest both long forms: --flag and --flag= ?
+		// This forces the user to *always* have to type either an = or a space after the flag name.
+		// Let's be nice and avoid making users have to do that.
+		// Since boolean flags and shortname flags don't show the = form, let's go that route and never show it.
+		// The = form will still work, we just won't suggest it.
+		// This also makes the list of suggested flags shorter as we avoid all the = forms.
+		//
+		// if len(flag.NoOptDefVal) == 0 {
+		// 	// Flag requires a value, so it can be suffixed with =
+		// 	flagName += "="
+		// 	completions = append(completions, fmt.Sprintf("%s\t%s", flagName, flag.Usage))
+		// }
+	}
+
+	flagName = "-" + flag.Shorthand
+	if len(flag.Shorthand) > 0 && strings.HasPrefix(flagName, toComplete) {
+		completions = append(completions, fmt.Sprintf("%s\t%s", flagName, flag.Usage))
+	}
+
+	return completions
+}
+
+func completeRequireFlags(finalCmd *Command, toComplete string) []string {
+	var completions []string
+
+	doCompleteRequiredFlags := func(flag *pflag.Flag) {
+		if _, present := flag.Annotations[BashCompOneRequiredFlag]; present {
+			if !flag.Changed {
+				// If the flag is not already present, we suggest it as a completion
+				completions = append(completions, getFlagNameCompletions(flag, toComplete)...)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// We cannot use finalCmd.Flags() because we may not have called ParsedFlags() for commands
+	// that have set DisableFlagParsing; it is ParseFlags() that merges the inherited and
+	// non-inherited flags.
+	finalCmd.InheritedFlags().VisitAll(func(flag *pflag.Flag) {
+		doCompleteRequiredFlags(flag)
+	})
+	finalCmd.NonInheritedFlags().VisitAll(func(flag *pflag.Flag) {
+		doCompleteRequiredFlags(flag)
+	})
+
+	return completions
+}
+
+func checkIfFlagCompletion(finalCmd *Command, args []string, lastArg string) (*pflag.Flag, []string, string, error) {
+	if finalCmd.DisableFlagParsing {
+		// We only do flag completion if we are allowed to parse flags
+		// This is important for commands which have requested to do their own flag completion.
+		return nil, args, lastArg, nil
+	}
+
+	var flagName string
+	trimmedArgs := args
+	flagWithEqual := false
+	orgLastArg := lastArg
+
+	// When doing completion of a flag name, as soon as an argument starts with
+	// a '-' we know it is a flag.  We cannot use isFlagArg() here as that function
+	// requires the flag name to be complete
+	if len(lastArg) > 0 && lastArg[0] == '-' {
+		if index := strings.Index(lastArg, "="); index >= 0 {
+			// Flag with an =
+			if strings.HasPrefix(lastArg[:index], "--") {
+				// Flag has full name
+				flagName = lastArg[2:index]
+			} else {
+				// Flag is shorthand
+				// We have to get the last shorthand flag name
+				// e.g. `-asd` => d to provide the correct completion
+				// https://github.com/spf13/cobra/issues/1257
+				flagName = lastArg[index-1 : index]
+			}
+			lastArg = lastArg[index+1:]
+			flagWithEqual = true
+		} else {
+			// Normal flag completion
+			return nil, args, lastArg, nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(flagName) == 0 {
+		if len(args) > 0 {
+			prevArg := args[len(args)-1]
+			if isFlagArg(prevArg) {
+				// Only consider the case where the flag does not contain an =.
+				// If the flag contains an = it means it has already been fully processed,
+				// so we don't need to deal with it here.
+				if index := strings.Index(prevArg, "="); index < 0 {
+					if strings.HasPrefix(prevArg, "--") {
+						// Flag has full name
+						flagName = prevArg[2:]
+					} else {
+						// Flag is shorthand
+						// We have to get the last shorthand flag name
+						// e.g. `-asd` => d to provide the correct completion
+						// https://github.com/spf13/cobra/issues/1257
+						flagName = prevArg[len(prevArg)-1:]
+					}
+					// Remove the uncompleted flag or else there could be an error created
+					// for an invalid value for that flag
+					trimmedArgs = args[:len(args)-1]
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(flagName) == 0 {
+		// Not doing flag completion
+		return nil, trimmedArgs, lastArg, nil
+	}
+
+	flag := findFlag(finalCmd, flagName)
+	if flag == nil {
+		// Flag not supported by this command, the interspersed option might be set so return the original args
+		return nil, args, orgLastArg, &flagCompError{subCommand: finalCmd.Name(), flagName: flagName}
+	}
+
+	if !flagWithEqual {
+		if len(flag.NoOptDefVal) != 0 {
+			// We had assumed dealing with a two-word flag but the flag is a boolean flag.
+			// In that case, there is no value following it, so we are not really doing flag completion.
+			// Reset everything to do noun completion.
+			trimmedArgs = args
+			flag = nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	return flag, trimmedArgs, lastArg, nil
+}
+
+// InitDefaultCompletionCmd adds a default 'completion' command to c.
+// This function will do nothing if any of the following is true:
+// 1- the feature has been explicitly disabled by the program,
+// 2- c has no subcommands (to avoid creating one),
+// 3- c already has a 'completion' command provided by the program.
+func (c *Command) InitDefaultCompletionCmd() {
+	if c.CompletionOptions.DisableDefaultCmd || !c.HasSubCommands() {
+		return
+	}
+
+	for _, cmd := range c.commands {
+		if cmd.Name() == compCmdName || cmd.HasAlias(compCmdName) {
+			// A completion command is already available
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	haveNoDescFlag := !c.CompletionOptions.DisableNoDescFlag && !c.CompletionOptions.DisableDescriptions
+
+	completionCmd := &Command{
+		Use:   compCmdName,
+		Short: "Generate the autocompletion script for the specified shell",
+		Long: fmt.Sprintf(`Generate the autocompletion script for %[1]s for the specified shell.
+See each sub-command's help for details on how to use the generated script.
+`, c.Root().Name()),
+		Args:              NoArgs,
+		ValidArgsFunction: NoFileCompletions,
+		Hidden:            c.CompletionOptions.HiddenDefaultCmd,
+		GroupID:           c.completionCommandGroupID,
+	}
+	c.AddCommand(completionCmd)
+
+	out := c.OutOrStdout()
+	noDesc := c.CompletionOptions.DisableDescriptions
+	shortDesc := "Generate the autocompletion script for %s"
+	bash := &Command{
+		Use:   "bash",
+		Short: fmt.Sprintf(shortDesc, "bash"),
+		Long: fmt.Sprintf(`Generate the autocompletion script for the bash shell.
+
+This script depends on the 'bash-completion' package.
+If it is not installed already, you can install it via your OS's package manager.
+
+To load completions in your current shell session:
+
+	source <(%[1]s completion bash)
+
+To load completions for every new session, execute once:
+
+#### Linux:
+
+	%[1]s completion bash > /etc/bash_completion.d/%[1]s
+
+#### macOS:
+
+	%[1]s completion bash > $(brew --prefix)/etc/bash_completion.d/%[1]s
+
+You will need to start a new shell for this setup to take effect.
+`, c.Root().Name()),
+		Args:                  NoArgs,
+		DisableFlagsInUseLine: true,
+		ValidArgsFunction:     NoFileCompletions,
+		RunE: func(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
+			return cmd.Root().GenBashCompletionV2(out, !noDesc)
+		},
+	}
+	if haveNoDescFlag {
+		bash.Flags().BoolVar(&noDesc, compCmdNoDescFlagName, compCmdNoDescFlagDefault, compCmdNoDescFlagDesc)
+	}
+
+	zsh := &Command{
+		Use:   "zsh",
+		Short: fmt.Sprintf(shortDesc, "zsh"),
+		Long: fmt.Sprintf(`Generate the autocompletion script for the zsh shell.
+
+If shell completion is not already enabled in your environment you will need
+to enable it.  You can execute the following once:
+
+	echo "autoload -U compinit; compinit" >> ~/.zshrc
+
+To load completions in your current shell session:
+
+	source <(%[1]s completion zsh)
+
+To load completions for every new session, execute once:
+
+#### Linux:
+
+	%[1]s completion zsh > "${fpath[1]}/_%[1]s"
+
+#### macOS:
+
+	%[1]s completion zsh > $(brew --prefix)/share/zsh/site-functions/_%[1]s
+
+You will need to start a new shell for this setup to take effect.
+`, c.Root().Name()),
+		Args:              NoArgs,
+		ValidArgsFunction: NoFileCompletions,
+		RunE: func(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
+			if noDesc {
+				return cmd.Root().GenZshCompletionNoDesc(out)
+			}
+			return cmd.Root().GenZshCompletion(out)
+		},
+	}
+	if haveNoDescFlag {
+		zsh.Flags().BoolVar(&noDesc, compCmdNoDescFlagName, compCmdNoDescFlagDefault, compCmdNoDescFlagDesc)
+	}
+
+	fish := &Command{
+		Use:   "fish",
+		Short: fmt.Sprintf(shortDesc, "fish"),
+		Long: fmt.Sprintf(`Generate the autocompletion script for the fish shell.
+
+To load completions in your current shell session:
+
+	%[1]s completion fish | source
+
+To load completions for every new session, execute once:
+
+	%[1]s completion fish > ~/.config/fish/completions/%[1]s.fish
+
+You will need to start a new shell for this setup to take effect.
+`, c.Root().Name()),
+		Args:              NoArgs,
+		ValidArgsFunction: NoFileCompletions,
+		RunE: func(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
+			return cmd.Root().GenFishCompletion(out, !noDesc)
+		},
+	}
+	if haveNoDescFlag {
+		fish.Flags().BoolVar(&noDesc, compCmdNoDescFlagName, compCmdNoDescFlagDefault, compCmdNoDescFlagDesc)
+	}
+
+	powershell := &Command{
+		Use:   "powershell",
+		Short: fmt.Sprintf(shortDesc, "powershell"),
+		Long: fmt.Sprintf(`Generate the autocompletion script for powershell.
+
+To load completions in your current shell session:
+
+	%[1]s completion powershell | Out-String | Invoke-Expression
+
+To load completions for every new session, add the output of the above command
+to your powershell profile.
+`, c.Root().Name()),
+		Args:              NoArgs,
+		ValidArgsFunction: NoFileCompletions,
+		RunE: func(cmd *Command, args []string) error {
+			if noDesc {
+				return cmd.Root().GenPowerShellCompletion(out)
+			}
+			return cmd.Root().GenPowerShellCompletionWithDesc(out)
+
+		},
+	}
+	if haveNoDescFlag {
+		powershell.Flags().BoolVar(&noDesc, compCmdNoDescFlagName, compCmdNoDescFlagDefault, compCmdNoDescFlagDesc)
+	}
+
+	completionCmd.AddCommand(bash, zsh, fish, powershell)
+}
+
+func findFlag(cmd *Command, name string) *pflag.Flag {
+	flagSet := cmd.Flags()
+	if len(name) == 1 {
+		// First convert the short flag into a long flag
+		// as the cmd.Flag() search only accepts long flags
+		if short := flagSet.ShorthandLookup(name); short != nil {
+			name = short.Name
+		} else {
+			set := cmd.InheritedFlags()
+			if short = set.ShorthandLookup(name); short != nil {
+				name = short.Name
+			} else {
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return cmd.Flag(name)
+}
+
+// CompDebug prints the specified string to the same file as where the
+// completion script prints its logs.
+// Note that completion printouts should never be on stdout as they would
+// be wrongly interpreted as actual completion choices by the completion script.
+func CompDebug(msg string, printToStdErr bool) {
+	msg = fmt.Sprintf("[Debug] %s", msg)
+
+	// Such logs are only printed when the user has set the environment
+	// variable BASH_COMP_DEBUG_FILE to the path of some file to be used.
+	if path := os.Getenv("BASH_COMP_DEBUG_FILE"); path != "" {
+		f, err := os.OpenFile(path,
+			os.O_APPEND|os.O_CREATE|os.O_WRONLY, 0644)
+		if err == nil {
+			defer f.Close()
+			WriteStringAndCheck(f, msg)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if printToStdErr {
+		// Must print to stderr for this not to be read by the completion script.
+		fmt.Fprint(os.Stderr, msg)
+	}
+}
+
+// CompDebugln prints the specified string with a newline at the end
+// to the same file as where the completion script prints its logs.
+// Such logs are only printed when the user has set the environment
+// variable BASH_COMP_DEBUG_FILE to the path of some file to be used.
+func CompDebugln(msg string, printToStdErr bool) {
+	CompDebug(fmt.Sprintf("%s\n", msg), printToStdErr)
+}
+
+// CompError prints the specified completion message to stderr.
+func CompError(msg string) {
+	msg = fmt.Sprintf("[Error] %s", msg)
+	CompDebug(msg, true)
+}
+
+// CompErrorln prints the specified completion message to stderr with a newline at the end.
+func CompErrorln(msg string) {
+	CompError(fmt.Sprintf("%s\n", msg))
+}
diff --git a/completions_test.go b/completions_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d5aee25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/completions_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,3519 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cobra
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func validArgsFunc(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+	if len(args) != 0 {
+		return nil, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+	}
+
+	var completions []string
+	for _, comp := range []string{"one\tThe first", "two\tThe second"} {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(comp, toComplete) {
+			completions = append(completions, comp)
+		}
+	}
+	return completions, ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+}
+
+func validArgsFunc2(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+	if len(args) != 0 {
+		return nil, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+	}
+
+	var completions []string
+	for _, comp := range []string{"three\tThe third", "four\tThe fourth"} {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(comp, toComplete) {
+			completions = append(completions, comp)
+		}
+	}
+	return completions, ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+}
+
+func TestCmdNameCompletionInGo(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+	childCmd1 := &Command{
+		Use:   "firstChild",
+		Short: "First command",
+		Run:   emptyRun,
+	}
+	childCmd2 := &Command{
+		Use: "secondChild",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+	hiddenCmd := &Command{
+		Use:    "testHidden",
+		Hidden: true, // Not completed
+		Run:    emptyRun,
+	}
+	deprecatedCmd := &Command{
+		Use:        "testDeprecated",
+		Deprecated: "deprecated", // Not completed
+		Run:        emptyRun,
+	}
+	aliasedCmd := &Command{
+		Use:     "aliased",
+		Short:   "A command with aliases",
+		Aliases: []string{"testAlias", "testSynonym"}, // Not completed
+		Run:     emptyRun,
+	}
+
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd1, childCmd2, hiddenCmd, deprecatedCmd, aliasedCmd)
+
+	// Test that sub-command names are completed
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"aliased",
+		"completion",
+		"firstChild",
+		"help",
+		"secondChild",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that sub-command names are completed with prefix
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "s")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"secondChild",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that even with no valid sub-command matches, hidden, deprecated and
+	// aliases are not completed
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "test")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that sub-command names are completed with description
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"aliased\tA command with aliases",
+		"completion\tGenerate the autocompletion script for the specified shell",
+		"firstChild\tFirst command",
+		"help\tHelp about any command",
+		"secondChild",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNoCmdNameCompletionInGo(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.Flags().String("localroot", "", "local root flag")
+
+	childCmd1 := &Command{
+		Use:   "childCmd1",
+		Short: "First command",
+		Args:  MinimumNArgs(0),
+		Run:   emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd1)
+	childCmd1.PersistentFlags().StringP("persistent", "p", "", "persistent flag")
+	persistentFlag := childCmd1.PersistentFlags().Lookup("persistent")
+	childCmd1.Flags().StringP("nonPersistent", "n", "", "non-persistent flag")
+	nonPersistentFlag := childCmd1.Flags().Lookup("nonPersistent")
+
+	childCmd2 := &Command{
+		Use: "childCmd2",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+	childCmd1.AddCommand(childCmd2)
+
+	// Test that sub-command names are not completed if there is an argument already
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "childCmd1", "arg1", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that sub-command names are not completed if a local non-persistent flag is present
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "childCmd1", "--nonPersistent", "value", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	// Reset the flag for the next command
+	nonPersistentFlag.Changed = false
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that sub-command names are completed if a local non-persistent flag is present and TraverseChildren is set to true
+	// set TraverseChildren to true on the root cmd
+	rootCmd.TraverseChildren = true
+
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "--localroot", "value", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	// Reset TraverseChildren for next command
+	rootCmd.TraverseChildren = false
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"childCmd1",
+		"completion",
+		"help",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that sub-command names from a child cmd are completed if a local non-persistent flag is present
+	// and TraverseChildren is set to true on the root cmd
+	rootCmd.TraverseChildren = true
+
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "--localroot", "value", "childCmd1", "--nonPersistent", "value", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	// Reset TraverseChildren for next command
+	rootCmd.TraverseChildren = false
+	// Reset the flag for the next command
+	nonPersistentFlag.Changed = false
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"childCmd2",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that we don't use Traverse when we shouldn't.
+	// This command should not return a completion since the command line is invalid without TraverseChildren.
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "--localroot", "value", "childCmd1", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that sub-command names are not completed if a local non-persistent short flag is present
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "childCmd1", "-n", "value", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	// Reset the flag for the next command
+	nonPersistentFlag.Changed = false
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that sub-command names are completed with a persistent flag
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "childCmd1", "--persistent", "value", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	// Reset the flag for the next command
+	persistentFlag.Changed = false
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"childCmd2",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that sub-command names are completed with a persistent short flag
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "childCmd1", "-p", "value", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	// Reset the flag for the next command
+	persistentFlag.Changed = false
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"childCmd2",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestValidArgsCompletionInGo(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use:       "root",
+		ValidArgs: []string{"one", "two", "three"},
+		Args:      MinimumNArgs(1),
+	}
+
+	// Test that validArgs are completed
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"one",
+		"two",
+		"three",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that validArgs are completed with prefix
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "o")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"one",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that validArgs don't repeat
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "one", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestValidArgsAndCmdCompletionInGo(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use:       "root",
+		ValidArgs: []string{"one", "two"},
+		Run:       emptyRun,
+	}
+
+	childCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "thechild",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	// Test that both sub-commands and validArgs are completed
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"completion",
+		"help",
+		"thechild",
+		"one",
+		"two",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that both sub-commands and validArgs are completed with prefix
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "t")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"thechild",
+		"two",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestValidArgsFuncAndCmdCompletionInGo(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use:               "root",
+		ValidArgsFunction: validArgsFunc,
+		Run:               emptyRun,
+	}
+
+	childCmd := &Command{
+		Use:   "thechild",
+		Short: "The child command",
+		Run:   emptyRun,
+	}
+
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	// Test that both sub-commands and validArgsFunction are completed
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"completion",
+		"help",
+		"thechild",
+		"one",
+		"two",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that both sub-commands and validArgs are completed with prefix
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "t")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"thechild",
+		"two",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that both sub-commands and validArgs are completed with description
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "t")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"thechild\tThe child command",
+		"two\tThe second",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFlagNameCompletionInGo(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+	childCmd := &Command{
+		Use:     "childCmd",
+		Version: "1.2.3",
+		Run:     emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	rootCmd.Flags().IntP("first", "f", -1, "first flag")
+	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolP("second", "s", false, "second flag")
+	childCmd.Flags().String("subFlag", "", "sub flag")
+
+	// Test that flag names are not shown if the user has not given the '-' prefix
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"childCmd",
+		"completion",
+		"help",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that flag names are completed
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "-")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--first",
+		"-f",
+		"--help",
+		"-h",
+		"--second",
+		"-s",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that flag names are completed when a prefix is given
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "--f")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--first",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that flag names are completed in a sub-cmd
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "childCmd", "-")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--second",
+		"-s",
+		"--help",
+		"-h",
+		"--subFlag",
+		"--version",
+		"-v",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFlagNameCompletionInGoWithDesc(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+	childCmd := &Command{
+		Use:     "childCmd",
+		Short:   "first command",
+		Version: "1.2.3",
+		Run:     emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	rootCmd.Flags().IntP("first", "f", -1, "first flag\nlonger description for flag")
+	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolP("second", "s", false, "second flag")
+	childCmd.Flags().String("subFlag", "", "sub flag")
+
+	// Test that flag names are not shown if the user has not given the '-' prefix
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"childCmd\tfirst command",
+		"completion\tGenerate the autocompletion script for the specified shell",
+		"help\tHelp about any command",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that flag names are completed
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "-")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--first\tfirst flag",
+		"-f\tfirst flag",
+		"--help\thelp for root",
+		"-h\thelp for root",
+		"--second\tsecond flag",
+		"-s\tsecond flag",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that flag names are completed when a prefix is given
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "--f")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--first\tfirst flag",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that flag names are completed in a sub-cmd
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "childCmd", "-")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--second\tsecond flag",
+		"-s\tsecond flag",
+		"--help\thelp for childCmd",
+		"-h\thelp for childCmd",
+		"--subFlag\tsub flag",
+		"--version\tversion for childCmd",
+		"-v\tversion for childCmd",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFlagNameCompletionRepeat(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+	childCmd := &Command{
+		Use:   "childCmd",
+		Short: "first command",
+		Run:   emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	rootCmd.Flags().IntP("first", "f", -1, "first flag")
+	firstFlag := rootCmd.Flags().Lookup("first")
+	rootCmd.Flags().BoolP("second", "s", false, "second flag")
+	secondFlag := rootCmd.Flags().Lookup("second")
+	rootCmd.Flags().StringArrayP("array", "a", nil, "array flag")
+	arrayFlag := rootCmd.Flags().Lookup("array")
+	rootCmd.Flags().IntSliceP("slice", "l", nil, "slice flag")
+	sliceFlag := rootCmd.Flags().Lookup("slice")
+	rootCmd.Flags().BoolSliceP("bslice", "b", nil, "bool slice flag")
+	bsliceFlag := rootCmd.Flags().Lookup("bslice")
+
+	// Test that flag names are not repeated unless they are an array or slice
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "--first", "1", "--")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	// Reset the flag for the next command
+	firstFlag.Changed = false
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"--array",
+		"--bslice",
+		"--help",
+		"--second",
+		"--slice",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that flag names are not repeated unless they are an array or slice
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "--first", "1", "--second=false", "--")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	// Reset the flag for the next command
+	firstFlag.Changed = false
+	secondFlag.Changed = false
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--array",
+		"--bslice",
+		"--help",
+		"--slice",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that flag names are not repeated unless they are an array or slice
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "--slice", "1", "--slice=2", "--array", "val", "--bslice", "true", "--")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	// Reset the flag for the next command
+	sliceFlag.Changed = false
+	arrayFlag.Changed = false
+	bsliceFlag.Changed = false
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--array",
+		"--bslice",
+		"--first",
+		"--help",
+		"--second",
+		"--slice",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that flag names are not repeated unless they are an array or slice, using shortname
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "-l", "1", "-l=2", "-a", "val", "-")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	// Reset the flag for the next command
+	sliceFlag.Changed = false
+	arrayFlag.Changed = false
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--array",
+		"-a",
+		"--bslice",
+		"-b",
+		"--first",
+		"-f",
+		"--help",
+		"-h",
+		"--second",
+		"-s",
+		"--slice",
+		"-l",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that flag names are not repeated unless they are an array or slice, using shortname with prefix
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "-l", "1", "-l=2", "-a", "val", "-a")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	// Reset the flag for the next command
+	sliceFlag.Changed = false
+	arrayFlag.Changed = false
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"-a",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRequiredFlagNameCompletionInGo(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use:       "root",
+		ValidArgs: []string{"realArg"},
+		Run:       emptyRun,
+	}
+	childCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "childCmd",
+		ValidArgsFunction: func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+			return []string{"subArg"}, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+		},
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	rootCmd.Flags().IntP("requiredFlag", "r", -1, "required flag")
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.MarkFlagRequired("requiredFlag"))
+	requiredFlag := rootCmd.Flags().Lookup("requiredFlag")
+
+	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().IntP("requiredPersistent", "p", -1, "required persistent")
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.MarkPersistentFlagRequired("requiredPersistent"))
+	requiredPersistent := rootCmd.PersistentFlags().Lookup("requiredPersistent")
+
+	rootCmd.Flags().StringP("release", "R", "", "Release name")
+
+	childCmd.Flags().BoolP("subRequired", "s", false, "sub required flag")
+	assertNoErr(t, childCmd.MarkFlagRequired("subRequired"))
+	childCmd.Flags().BoolP("subNotRequired", "n", false, "sub not required flag")
+
+	// Test that a required flag is suggested even without the - prefix
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"childCmd",
+		"completion",
+		"help",
+		"--requiredFlag",
+		"-r",
+		"--requiredPersistent",
+		"-p",
+		"realArg",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that a required flag is suggested without other flags when using the '-' prefix
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "-")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--requiredFlag",
+		"-r",
+		"--requiredPersistent",
+		"-p",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that if no required flag matches, the normal flags are suggested
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "--relea")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--release",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test required flags for sub-commands
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "childCmd", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--requiredPersistent",
+		"-p",
+		"--subRequired",
+		"-s",
+		"subArg",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "childCmd", "-")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--requiredPersistent",
+		"-p",
+		"--subRequired",
+		"-s",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "childCmd", "--subNot")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--subNotRequired",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that when a required flag is present, it is not suggested anymore
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "--requiredFlag", "1", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	// Reset the flag for the next command
+	requiredFlag.Changed = false
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--requiredPersistent",
+		"-p",
+		"realArg",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that when a persistent required flag is present, it is not suggested anymore
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "--requiredPersistent", "1", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	// Reset the flag for the next command
+	requiredPersistent.Changed = false
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"childCmd",
+		"completion",
+		"help",
+		"--requiredFlag",
+		"-r",
+		"realArg",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that when all required flags are present, normal completion is done
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "--requiredFlag", "1", "--requiredPersistent", "1", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	// Reset the flags for the next command
+	requiredFlag.Changed = false
+	requiredPersistent.Changed = false
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"realArg",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFlagFileExtFilterCompletionInGo(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+
+	// No extensions.  Should be ignored.
+	rootCmd.Flags().StringP("file", "f", "", "file flag")
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.MarkFlagFilename("file"))
+
+	// Single extension
+	rootCmd.Flags().StringP("log", "l", "", "log flag")
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.MarkFlagFilename("log", "log"))
+
+	// Multiple extensions
+	rootCmd.Flags().StringP("yaml", "y", "", "yaml flag")
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.MarkFlagFilename("yaml", "yaml", "yml"))
+
+	// Directly using annotation
+	rootCmd.Flags().StringP("text", "t", "", "text flag")
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.Flags().SetAnnotation("text", BashCompFilenameExt, []string{"txt"}))
+
+	// Test that the completion logic returns the proper info for the completion
+	// script to handle the file filtering
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "--file", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "--log", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"log",
+		":8",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "--yaml", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"yaml", "yml",
+		":8",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "--yaml=")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"yaml", "yml",
+		":8",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "-y", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"yaml", "yml",
+		":8",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "-y=")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"yaml", "yml",
+		":8",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "--text", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"txt",
+		":8",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFlagDirFilterCompletionInGo(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+
+	// Filter directories
+	rootCmd.Flags().StringP("dir", "d", "", "dir flag")
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.MarkFlagDirname("dir"))
+
+	// Filter directories within a directory
+	rootCmd.Flags().StringP("subdir", "s", "", "subdir")
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.Flags().SetAnnotation("subdir", BashCompSubdirsInDir, []string{"themes"}))
+
+	// Multiple directory specification get ignored
+	rootCmd.Flags().StringP("manydir", "m", "", "manydir")
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.Flags().SetAnnotation("manydir", BashCompSubdirsInDir, []string{"themes", "colors"}))
+
+	// Test that the completion logic returns the proper info for the completion
+	// script to handle the directory filtering
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "--dir", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		":16",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "-d", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		":16",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "--subdir", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"themes",
+		":16",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "--subdir=")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"themes",
+		":16",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "-s", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"themes",
+		":16",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "-s=")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"themes",
+		":16",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "--manydir", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		":16",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestValidArgsFuncCmdContext(t *testing.T) {
+	validArgsFunc := func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		ctx := cmd.Context()
+
+		if ctx == nil {
+			t.Error("Received nil context in completion func")
+		} else if ctx.Value("testKey") != "123" {
+			t.Error("Received invalid context")
+		}
+
+		return nil, ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+	}
+
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+	childCmd := &Command{
+		Use:               "childCmd",
+		ValidArgsFunction: validArgsFunc,
+		Run:               emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	//nolint:golint,staticcheck // We can safely use a basic type as key in tests.
+	ctx := context.WithValue(context.Background(), "testKey", "123")
+
+	// Test completing an empty string on the childCmd
+	_, output, err := executeCommandWithContextC(ctx, rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "childCmd", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestValidArgsFuncSingleCmd(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use:               "root",
+		ValidArgsFunction: validArgsFunc,
+		Run:               emptyRun,
+	}
+
+	// Test completing an empty string
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"one",
+		"two",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Check completing with a prefix
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "t")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"two",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestValidArgsFuncSingleCmdInvalidArg(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		// If we don't specify a value for Args, this test fails.
+		// This is only true for a root command without any subcommands, and is caused
+		// by the fact that the __complete command becomes a subcommand when there should not be one.
+		// The problem is in the implementation of legacyArgs().
+		Args:              MinimumNArgs(1),
+		ValidArgsFunction: validArgsFunc,
+		Run:               emptyRun,
+	}
+
+	// Check completing with wrong number of args
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "unexpectedArg", "t")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestValidArgsFuncChildCmds(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	child1Cmd := &Command{
+		Use:               "child1",
+		ValidArgsFunction: validArgsFunc,
+		Run:               emptyRun,
+	}
+	child2Cmd := &Command{
+		Use:               "child2",
+		ValidArgsFunction: validArgsFunc2,
+		Run:               emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(child1Cmd, child2Cmd)
+
+	// Test completion of first sub-command with empty argument
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "child1", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"one",
+		"two",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test completion of first sub-command with a prefix to complete
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "child1", "t")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"two",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Check completing with wrong number of args
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "child1", "unexpectedArg", "t")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test completion of second sub-command with empty argument
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "child2", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"three",
+		"four",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "child2", "t")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"three",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Check completing with wrong number of args
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "child2", "unexpectedArg", "t")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestValidArgsFuncAliases(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	child := &Command{
+		Use:               "child",
+		Aliases:           []string{"son", "daughter"},
+		ValidArgsFunction: validArgsFunc,
+		Run:               emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(child)
+
+	// Test completion of first sub-command with empty argument
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "son", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"one",
+		"two",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test completion of first sub-command with a prefix to complete
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "daughter", "t")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"two",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Check completing with wrong number of args
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "son", "unexpectedArg", "t")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestValidArgsFuncInBashScript(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	child := &Command{
+		Use:               "child",
+		ValidArgsFunction: validArgsFunc,
+		Run:               emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(child)
+
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.GenBashCompletion(buf))
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	check(t, output, "has_completion_function=1")
+}
+
+func TestNoValidArgsFuncInBashScript(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	child := &Command{
+		Use: "child",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(child)
+
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.GenBashCompletion(buf))
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	checkOmit(t, output, "has_completion_function=1")
+}
+
+func TestCompleteCmdInBashScript(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	child := &Command{
+		Use:               "child",
+		ValidArgsFunction: validArgsFunc,
+		Run:               emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(child)
+
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.GenBashCompletion(buf))
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	check(t, output, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd)
+}
+
+func TestCompleteNoDesCmdInZshScript(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	child := &Command{
+		Use:               "child",
+		ValidArgsFunction: validArgsFunc,
+		Run:               emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(child)
+
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.GenZshCompletionNoDesc(buf))
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	check(t, output, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd)
+}
+
+func TestCompleteCmdInZshScript(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	child := &Command{
+		Use:               "child",
+		ValidArgsFunction: validArgsFunc,
+		Run:               emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(child)
+
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.GenZshCompletion(buf))
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	check(t, output, ShellCompRequestCmd)
+	checkOmit(t, output, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd)
+}
+
+func TestFlagCompletionInGo(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.Flags().IntP("introot", "i", -1, "help message for flag introot")
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("introot", func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		completions := []string{}
+		for _, comp := range []string{"1\tThe first", "2\tThe second", "10\tThe tenth"} {
+			if strings.HasPrefix(comp, toComplete) {
+				completions = append(completions, comp)
+			}
+		}
+		return completions, ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+	}))
+	rootCmd.Flags().String("filename", "", "Enter a filename")
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("filename", func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		completions := []string{}
+		for _, comp := range []string{"file.yaml\tYAML format", "myfile.json\tJSON format", "file.xml\tXML format"} {
+			if strings.HasPrefix(comp, toComplete) {
+				completions = append(completions, comp)
+			}
+		}
+		return completions, ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace | ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+	}))
+
+	// Test completing an empty string
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "--introot", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"1",
+		"2",
+		"10",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Check completing with a prefix
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "--introot", "1")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"1",
+		"10",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test completing an empty string
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "--filename", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"file.yaml",
+		"myfile.json",
+		"file.xml",
+		":6",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Check completing with a prefix
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "--filename", "f")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"file.yaml",
+		"file.xml",
+		":6",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestValidArgsFuncChildCmdsWithDesc(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	child1Cmd := &Command{
+		Use:               "child1",
+		ValidArgsFunction: validArgsFunc,
+		Run:               emptyRun,
+	}
+	child2Cmd := &Command{
+		Use:               "child2",
+		ValidArgsFunction: validArgsFunc2,
+		Run:               emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(child1Cmd, child2Cmd)
+
+	// Test completion of first sub-command with empty argument
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "child1", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"one\tThe first",
+		"two\tThe second",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test completion of first sub-command with a prefix to complete
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "child1", "t")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"two\tThe second",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Check completing with wrong number of args
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "child1", "unexpectedArg", "t")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test completion of second sub-command with empty argument
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "child2", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"three\tThe third",
+		"four\tThe fourth",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "child2", "t")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"three\tThe third",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Check completing with wrong number of args
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "child2", "unexpectedArg", "t")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFlagCompletionWithNotInterspersedArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	childCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "child",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+		ValidArgsFunction: func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+			return []string{"--validarg", "test"}, ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+		},
+	}
+	childCmd2 := &Command{
+		Use:       "child2",
+		Run:       emptyRun,
+		ValidArgs: []string{"arg1", "arg2"},
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd, childCmd2)
+	childCmd.Flags().Bool("bool", false, "test bool flag")
+	childCmd.Flags().String("string", "", "test string flag")
+	_ = childCmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("string", func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		return []string{"myval"}, ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+	})
+
+	// Test flag completion with no argument
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "child", "--")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"--bool\ttest bool flag",
+		"--help\thelp for child",
+		"--string\ttest string flag",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that no flags are completed after the -- arg
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "child", "--", "-")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--validarg",
+		"test",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that no flags are completed after the -- arg with a flag set
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "child", "--bool", "--", "-")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--validarg",
+		"test",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// set Interspersed to false which means that no flags should be completed after the first arg
+	childCmd.Flags().SetInterspersed(false)
+
+	// Test that no flags are completed after the first arg
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "child", "arg", "--")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--validarg",
+		"test",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that no flags are completed after the fist arg with a flag set
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "child", "--string", "t", "arg", "--")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--validarg",
+		"test",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Check that args are still completed after --
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "child", "--", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--validarg",
+		"test",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Check that args are still completed even if flagname with ValidArgsFunction exists
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "child", "--", "--string", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--validarg",
+		"test",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Check that args are still completed even if flagname with ValidArgsFunction exists
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "child2", "--", "a")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"arg1",
+		"arg2",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Check that --validarg is not parsed as flag after --
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "child", "--", "--validarg", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--validarg",
+		"test",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Check that --validarg is not parsed as flag after an arg
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "child", "arg", "--validarg", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--validarg",
+		"test",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Check that --validarg is added to args for the ValidArgsFunction
+	childCmd.ValidArgsFunction = func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		return args, ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+	}
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "child", "--", "--validarg", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--validarg",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Check that --validarg is added to args for the ValidArgsFunction and toComplete is also set correctly
+	childCmd.ValidArgsFunction = func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		return append(args, toComplete), ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+	}
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "child", "--", "--validarg", "--toComp=ab")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--validarg",
+		"--toComp=ab",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFlagCompletionWorksRootCommandAddedAfterFlags(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	childCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "child",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+		ValidArgsFunction: func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+			return []string{"--validarg", "test"}, ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+		},
+	}
+	childCmd.Flags().Bool("bool", false, "test bool flag")
+	childCmd.Flags().String("string", "", "test string flag")
+	_ = childCmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("string", func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		return []string{"myval"}, ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+	})
+
+	// Important: This is a test for https://github.com/spf13/cobra/issues/1437
+	// Only add the subcommand after RegisterFlagCompletionFunc was called, do not change this order!
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	// Test that flag completion works for the subcmd
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "child", "--string", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"myval",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFlagCompletionForPersistentFlagsCalledFromSubCmd(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().String("string", "", "test string flag")
+	_ = rootCmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("string", func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		return []string{"myval"}, ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+	})
+
+	childCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "child",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+		ValidArgsFunction: func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+			return []string{"--validarg", "test"}, ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+		},
+	}
+	childCmd.Flags().Bool("bool", false, "test bool flag")
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	// Test that persistent flag completion works for the subcmd
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "child", "--string", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"myval",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+// This test tries to register flag completion concurrently to make sure the
+// code handles concurrency properly.
+// This was reported as a problem when tests are run concurrently:
+// https://github.com/spf13/cobra/issues/1320
+//
+// NOTE: this test can sometimes pass even if the code were to not handle
+// concurrency properly. This is not great but the important part is that
+// it should never fail.  Therefore, if the tests fails sometimes, we will
+// still be able to know there is a problem.
+func TestFlagCompletionConcurrentRegistration(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	const maxFlags = 50
+	for i := 1; i < maxFlags; i += 2 {
+		flagName := fmt.Sprintf("flag%d", i)
+		rootCmd.Flags().String(flagName, "", fmt.Sprintf("test %s flag on root", flagName))
+	}
+
+	childCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "child",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+	for i := 2; i <= maxFlags; i += 2 {
+		flagName := fmt.Sprintf("flag%d", i)
+		childCmd.Flags().String(flagName, "", fmt.Sprintf("test %s flag on child", flagName))
+	}
+
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	// Register completion in different threads to test concurrency.
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	for i := 1; i <= maxFlags; i++ {
+		index := i
+		flagName := fmt.Sprintf("flag%d", i)
+		wg.Add(1)
+		go func() {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			cmd := rootCmd
+			if index%2 == 0 {
+				cmd = childCmd
+			}
+			_ = cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc(flagName, func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+				return []string{fmt.Sprintf("flag%d", index)}, ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+			})
+		}()
+	}
+
+	wg.Wait()
+
+	// Test that flag completion works for each flag
+	for i := 1; i <= 6; i++ {
+		var output string
+		var err error
+		flagName := fmt.Sprintf("flag%d", i)
+
+		if i%2 == 1 {
+			output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "--"+flagName, "")
+		} else {
+			output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "child", "--"+flagName, "")
+		}
+
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		expected := strings.Join([]string{
+			flagName,
+			":0",
+			"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+		if output != expected {
+			t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFlagCompletionInGoWithDesc(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.Flags().IntP("introot", "i", -1, "help message for flag introot")
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("introot", func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		completions := []string{}
+		for _, comp := range []string{"1\tThe first", "2\tThe second", "10\tThe tenth"} {
+			if strings.HasPrefix(comp, toComplete) {
+				completions = append(completions, comp)
+			}
+		}
+		return completions, ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+	}))
+	rootCmd.Flags().String("filename", "", "Enter a filename")
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("filename", func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		completions := []string{}
+		for _, comp := range []string{"file.yaml\tYAML format", "myfile.json\tJSON format", "file.xml\tXML format"} {
+			if strings.HasPrefix(comp, toComplete) {
+				completions = append(completions, comp)
+			}
+		}
+		return completions, ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace | ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+	}))
+
+	// Test completing an empty string
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "--introot", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"1\tThe first",
+		"2\tThe second",
+		"10\tThe tenth",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Check completing with a prefix
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "--introot", "1")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"1\tThe first",
+		"10\tThe tenth",
+		":0",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test completing an empty string
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "--filename", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"file.yaml\tYAML format",
+		"myfile.json\tJSON format",
+		"file.xml\tXML format",
+		":6",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Check completing with a prefix
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompRequestCmd, "--filename", "f")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"file.yaml\tYAML format",
+		"file.xml\tXML format",
+		":6",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestValidArgsNotValidArgsFunc(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use:       "root",
+		ValidArgs: []string{"one", "two"},
+		ValidArgsFunction: func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+			return []string{"three", "four"}, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+		},
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+
+	// Test that if both ValidArgs and ValidArgsFunction are present
+	// only ValidArgs is considered
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"one",
+		"two",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Check completing with a prefix
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "t")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"two",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestArgAliasesCompletionInGo(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use:        "root",
+		Args:       OnlyValidArgs,
+		ValidArgs:  []string{"one", "two", "three"},
+		ArgAliases: []string{"un", "deux", "trois"},
+		Run:        emptyRun,
+	}
+
+	// Test that argaliases are not completed when there are validargs that match
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"one",
+		"two",
+		"three",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that argaliases are not completed when there are validargs that match using a prefix
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "t")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"two",
+		"three",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that argaliases are completed when there are no validargs that match
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "tr")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"trois",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCompleteHelp(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	child1Cmd := &Command{
+		Use: "child1",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+	child2Cmd := &Command{
+		Use: "child2",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(child1Cmd, child2Cmd)
+
+	child3Cmd := &Command{
+		Use: "child3",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+	child1Cmd.AddCommand(child3Cmd)
+
+	// Test that completion includes the help command
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"child1",
+		"child2",
+		"completion",
+		"help",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test sub-commands are completed on first level of help command
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "help", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"child1",
+		"child2",
+		"completion",
+		"help", // "<program> help help" is a valid command, so should be completed
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test sub-commands are completed on first level of help command
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "help", "child1", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"child3",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func removeCompCmd(rootCmd *Command) {
+	// Remove completion command for the next test
+	for _, cmd := range rootCmd.commands {
+		if cmd.Name() == compCmdName {
+			rootCmd.RemoveCommand(cmd)
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDefaultCompletionCmd(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use:  "root",
+		Args: NoArgs,
+		Run:  emptyRun,
+	}
+
+	// Test that no completion command is created if there are not other sub-commands
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.Execute())
+	for _, cmd := range rootCmd.commands {
+		if cmd.Name() == compCmdName {
+			t.Errorf("Should not have a 'completion' command when there are no other sub-commands of root")
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	subCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "sub",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(subCmd)
+
+	// Test that a completion command is created if there are other sub-commands
+	found := false
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.Execute())
+	for _, cmd := range rootCmd.commands {
+		if cmd.Name() == compCmdName {
+			found = true
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if !found {
+		t.Errorf("Should have a 'completion' command when there are other sub-commands of root")
+	}
+	// Remove completion command for the next test
+	removeCompCmd(rootCmd)
+
+	// Test that the default completion command can be disabled
+	rootCmd.CompletionOptions.DisableDefaultCmd = true
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.Execute())
+	for _, cmd := range rootCmd.commands {
+		if cmd.Name() == compCmdName {
+			t.Errorf("Should not have a 'completion' command when the feature is disabled")
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	// Re-enable for next test
+	rootCmd.CompletionOptions.DisableDefaultCmd = false
+
+	// Test that completion descriptions are enabled by default
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, compCmdName, "zsh")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	check(t, output, ShellCompRequestCmd)
+	checkOmit(t, output, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd)
+	// Remove completion command for the next test
+	removeCompCmd(rootCmd)
+
+	// Test that completion descriptions can be disabled completely
+	rootCmd.CompletionOptions.DisableDescriptions = true
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, compCmdName, "zsh")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	check(t, output, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd)
+	// Re-enable for next test
+	rootCmd.CompletionOptions.DisableDescriptions = false
+	// Remove completion command for the next test
+	removeCompCmd(rootCmd)
+
+	var compCmd *Command
+	// Test that the --no-descriptions flag is present on all shells
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.Execute())
+	for _, shell := range []string{"bash", "fish", "powershell", "zsh"} {
+		if compCmd, _, err = rootCmd.Find([]string{compCmdName, shell}); err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+		}
+		if flag := compCmd.Flags().Lookup(compCmdNoDescFlagName); flag == nil {
+			t.Errorf("Missing --%s flag for %s shell", compCmdNoDescFlagName, shell)
+		}
+	}
+	// Remove completion command for the next test
+	removeCompCmd(rootCmd)
+
+	// Test that the '--no-descriptions' flag can be disabled
+	rootCmd.CompletionOptions.DisableNoDescFlag = true
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.Execute())
+	for _, shell := range []string{"fish", "zsh", "bash", "powershell"} {
+		if compCmd, _, err = rootCmd.Find([]string{compCmdName, shell}); err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+		}
+		if flag := compCmd.Flags().Lookup(compCmdNoDescFlagName); flag != nil {
+			t.Errorf("Unexpected --%s flag for %s shell", compCmdNoDescFlagName, shell)
+		}
+	}
+	// Re-enable for next test
+	rootCmd.CompletionOptions.DisableNoDescFlag = false
+	// Remove completion command for the next test
+	removeCompCmd(rootCmd)
+
+	// Test that the '--no-descriptions' flag is disabled when descriptions are disabled
+	rootCmd.CompletionOptions.DisableDescriptions = true
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.Execute())
+	for _, shell := range []string{"fish", "zsh", "bash", "powershell"} {
+		if compCmd, _, err = rootCmd.Find([]string{compCmdName, shell}); err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+		}
+		if flag := compCmd.Flags().Lookup(compCmdNoDescFlagName); flag != nil {
+			t.Errorf("Unexpected --%s flag for %s shell", compCmdNoDescFlagName, shell)
+		}
+	}
+	// Re-enable for next test
+	rootCmd.CompletionOptions.DisableDescriptions = false
+	// Remove completion command for the next test
+	removeCompCmd(rootCmd)
+
+	// Test that the 'completion' command can be hidden
+	rootCmd.CompletionOptions.HiddenDefaultCmd = true
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.Execute())
+	compCmd, _, err = rootCmd.Find([]string{compCmdName})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if compCmd.Hidden == false {
+		t.Error("Default 'completion' command should be hidden but it is not")
+	}
+	// Re-enable for next test
+	rootCmd.CompletionOptions.HiddenDefaultCmd = false
+	// Remove completion command for the next test
+	removeCompCmd(rootCmd)
+}
+
+func TestCompleteCompletion(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	subCmd := &Command{
+		Use: "sub",
+		Run: emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(subCmd)
+
+	// Test sub-commands of the completion command
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "completion", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"bash",
+		"fish",
+		"powershell",
+		"zsh",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test there are no completions for the sub-commands of the completion command
+	var compCmd *Command
+	for _, cmd := range rootCmd.Commands() {
+		if cmd.Name() == compCmdName {
+			compCmd = cmd
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	for _, shell := range compCmd.Commands() {
+		output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, compCmdName, shell.Name(), "")
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		expected = strings.Join([]string{
+			":4",
+			"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+		if output != expected {
+			t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMultipleShorthandFlagCompletion(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use:       "root",
+		ValidArgs: []string{"foo", "bar"},
+		Run:       emptyRun,
+	}
+	f := rootCmd.Flags()
+	f.BoolP("short", "s", false, "short flag 1")
+	f.BoolP("short2", "d", false, "short flag 2")
+	f.StringP("short3", "f", "", "short flag 3")
+	_ = rootCmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("short3", func(*Command, []string, string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		return []string{"works"}, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+	})
+
+	// Test that a single shorthand flag works
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "-s", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"foo",
+		"bar",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that multiple boolean shorthand flags work
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "-sd", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"foo",
+		"bar",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that multiple boolean + string shorthand flags work
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "-sdf", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"works",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that multiple boolean + string with equal sign shorthand flags work
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "-sdf=")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"works",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that multiple boolean + string with equal sign with value shorthand flags work
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "-sdf=abc", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"foo",
+		"bar",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCompleteWithDisableFlagParsing(t *testing.T) {
+
+	flagValidArgs := func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		return []string{"--flag", "-f"}, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+	}
+
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	childCmd := &Command{
+		Use:                "child",
+		Run:                emptyRun,
+		DisableFlagParsing: true,
+		ValidArgsFunction:  flagValidArgs,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringP("persistent", "p", "", "persistent flag")
+	childCmd.Flags().StringP("nonPersistent", "n", "", "non-persistent flag")
+
+	// Test that when DisableFlagParsing==true, ValidArgsFunction is called to complete flag names,
+	// after Cobra tried to complete the flags it knows about.
+	childCmd.DisableFlagParsing = true
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "child", "-")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"--persistent",
+		"-p",
+		"--nonPersistent",
+		"-n",
+		"--flag",
+		"-f",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Test that when DisableFlagParsing==false, Cobra completes the flags itself and ValidArgsFunction is not called
+	childCmd.DisableFlagParsing = false
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "child", "-")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Cobra was not told of any flags, so it returns nothing
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"--persistent",
+		"-p",
+		"--help",
+		"-h",
+		"--nonPersistent",
+		"-n",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCompleteWithRootAndLegacyArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	// Test a lonely root command which uses legacyArgs().  In such a case, the root
+	// command should accept any number of arguments and completion should behave accordingly.
+	rootCmd := &Command{
+		Use:  "root",
+		Args: nil, // Args must be nil to trigger the legacyArgs() function
+		Run:  emptyRun,
+		ValidArgsFunction: func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+			return []string{"arg1", "arg2"}, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+		},
+	}
+
+	// Make sure the first arg is completed
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"arg1",
+		"arg2",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+
+	// Make sure the completion of arguments continues
+	output, err = executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "arg1", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected = strings.Join([]string{
+		"arg1",
+		"arg2",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFixedCompletions(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	choices := []string{"apple", "banana", "orange"}
+	childCmd := &Command{
+		Use:               "child",
+		ValidArgsFunction: FixedCompletions(choices, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp),
+		Run:               emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	output, err := executeCommand(rootCmd, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd, "child", "a")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := strings.Join([]string{
+		"apple",
+		"banana",
+		"orange",
+		":4",
+		"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n")
+
+	if output != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", expected, output)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCompletionForGroupedFlags(t *testing.T) {
+	getCmd := func() *Command {
+		rootCmd := &Command{
+			Use: "root",
+			Run: emptyRun,
+		}
+		childCmd := &Command{
+			Use: "child",
+			ValidArgsFunction: func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+				return []string{"subArg"}, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+			},
+			Run: emptyRun,
+		}
+		rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+		rootCmd.PersistentFlags().Int("ingroup1", -1, "ingroup1")
+		rootCmd.PersistentFlags().String("ingroup2", "", "ingroup2")
+
+		childCmd.Flags().Bool("ingroup3", false, "ingroup3")
+		childCmd.Flags().Bool("nogroup", false, "nogroup")
+
+		// Add flags to a group
+		childCmd.MarkFlagsRequiredTogether("ingroup1", "ingroup2", "ingroup3")
+
+		return rootCmd
+	}
+
+	// Each test case uses a unique command from the function above.
+	testcases := []struct {
+		desc           string
+		args           []string
+		expectedOutput string
+	}{
+		{
+			desc: "flags in group not suggested without - prefix",
+			args: []string{"child", ""},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				"subArg",
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "flags in group suggested with - prefix",
+			args: []string{"child", "-"},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				"--ingroup1",
+				"--ingroup2",
+				"--help",
+				"-h",
+				"--ingroup3",
+				"--nogroup",
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "when flag in group present, other flags in group suggested even without - prefix",
+			args: []string{"child", "--ingroup2", "value", ""},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				"--ingroup1",
+				"--ingroup3",
+				"subArg",
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "when all flags in group present, flags not suggested without - prefix",
+			args: []string{"child", "--ingroup1", "8", "--ingroup2", "value2", "--ingroup3", ""},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				"subArg",
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "group ignored if some flags not applicable",
+			args: []string{"--ingroup2", "value", ""},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				"child",
+				"completion",
+				"help",
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range testcases {
+		t.Run(tc.desc, func(t *testing.T) {
+			c := getCmd()
+			args := []string{ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd}
+			args = append(args, tc.args...)
+			output, err := executeCommand(c, args...)
+			switch {
+			case err == nil && output != tc.expectedOutput:
+				t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", tc.expectedOutput, output)
+			case err != nil:
+				t.Errorf("Unexpected error %q", err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCompletionForOneRequiredGroupFlags(t *testing.T) {
+	getCmd := func() *Command {
+		rootCmd := &Command{
+			Use: "root",
+			Run: emptyRun,
+		}
+		childCmd := &Command{
+			Use: "child",
+			ValidArgsFunction: func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+				return []string{"subArg"}, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+			},
+			Run: emptyRun,
+		}
+		rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+		rootCmd.PersistentFlags().Int("ingroup1", -1, "ingroup1")
+		rootCmd.PersistentFlags().String("ingroup2", "", "ingroup2")
+
+		childCmd.Flags().Bool("ingroup3", false, "ingroup3")
+		childCmd.Flags().Bool("nogroup", false, "nogroup")
+
+		// Add flags to a group
+		childCmd.MarkFlagsOneRequired("ingroup1", "ingroup2", "ingroup3")
+
+		return rootCmd
+	}
+
+	// Each test case uses a unique command from the function above.
+	testcases := []struct {
+		desc           string
+		args           []string
+		expectedOutput string
+	}{
+		{
+			desc: "flags in group suggested without - prefix",
+			args: []string{"child", ""},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				"--ingroup1",
+				"--ingroup2",
+				"--ingroup3",
+				"subArg",
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "flags in group suggested with - prefix",
+			args: []string{"child", "-"},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				"--ingroup1",
+				"--ingroup2",
+				"--ingroup3",
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "when any flag in group present, other flags in group not suggested without - prefix",
+			args: []string{"child", "--ingroup2", "value", ""},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				"subArg",
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "when all flags in group present, flags not suggested without - prefix",
+			args: []string{"child", "--ingroup1", "8", "--ingroup2", "value2", "--ingroup3", ""},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				"subArg",
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "group ignored if some flags not applicable",
+			args: []string{"--ingroup2", "value", ""},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				"child",
+				"completion",
+				"help",
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range testcases {
+		t.Run(tc.desc, func(t *testing.T) {
+			c := getCmd()
+			args := []string{ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd}
+			args = append(args, tc.args...)
+			output, err := executeCommand(c, args...)
+			switch {
+			case err == nil && output != tc.expectedOutput:
+				t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", tc.expectedOutput, output)
+			case err != nil:
+				t.Errorf("Unexpected error %q", err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCompletionForMutuallyExclusiveFlags(t *testing.T) {
+	getCmd := func() *Command {
+		rootCmd := &Command{
+			Use: "root",
+			Run: emptyRun,
+		}
+		childCmd := &Command{
+			Use: "child",
+			ValidArgsFunction: func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+				return []string{"subArg"}, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+			},
+			Run: emptyRun,
+		}
+		rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+		rootCmd.PersistentFlags().IntSlice("ingroup1", []int{1}, "ingroup1")
+		rootCmd.PersistentFlags().String("ingroup2", "", "ingroup2")
+
+		childCmd.Flags().Bool("ingroup3", false, "ingroup3")
+		childCmd.Flags().Bool("nogroup", false, "nogroup")
+
+		// Add flags to a group
+		childCmd.MarkFlagsMutuallyExclusive("ingroup1", "ingroup2", "ingroup3")
+
+		return rootCmd
+	}
+
+	// Each test case uses a unique command from the function above.
+	testcases := []struct {
+		desc           string
+		args           []string
+		expectedOutput string
+	}{
+		{
+			desc: "flags in mutually exclusive group not suggested without the - prefix",
+			args: []string{"child", ""},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				"subArg",
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "flags in mutually exclusive group suggested with the - prefix",
+			args: []string{"child", "-"},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				"--ingroup1",
+				"--ingroup2",
+				"--help",
+				"-h",
+				"--ingroup3",
+				"--nogroup",
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "when flag in mutually exclusive group present, other flags in group not suggested even with the - prefix",
+			args: []string{"child", "--ingroup1", "8", "-"},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				"--ingroup1", // Should be suggested again since it is a slice
+				"--help",
+				"-h",
+				"--nogroup",
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "group ignored if some flags not applicable",
+			args: []string{"--ingroup1", "8", "-"},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				"--help",
+				"-h",
+				"--ingroup1",
+				"--ingroup2",
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range testcases {
+		t.Run(tc.desc, func(t *testing.T) {
+			c := getCmd()
+			args := []string{ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd}
+			args = append(args, tc.args...)
+			output, err := executeCommand(c, args...)
+			switch {
+			case err == nil && output != tc.expectedOutput:
+				t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", tc.expectedOutput, output)
+			case err != nil:
+				t.Errorf("Unexpected error %q", err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCompletionCobraFlags(t *testing.T) {
+	getCmd := func() *Command {
+		rootCmd := &Command{
+			Use:     "root",
+			Version: "1.1.1",
+			Run:     emptyRun,
+		}
+		childCmd := &Command{
+			Use:     "child",
+			Version: "1.1.1",
+			Run:     emptyRun,
+			ValidArgsFunction: func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+				return []string{"extra"}, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+			},
+		}
+		childCmd2 := &Command{
+			Use:     "child2",
+			Version: "1.1.1",
+			Run:     emptyRun,
+			ValidArgsFunction: func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+				return []string{"extra2"}, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+			},
+		}
+		childCmd3 := &Command{
+			Use:     "child3",
+			Version: "1.1.1",
+			Run:     emptyRun,
+			ValidArgsFunction: func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+				return []string{"extra3"}, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+			},
+		}
+		childCmd4 := &Command{
+			Use:     "child4",
+			Version: "1.1.1",
+			Run:     emptyRun,
+			ValidArgsFunction: func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+				return []string{"extra4"}, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+			},
+			DisableFlagParsing: true,
+		}
+		childCmd5 := &Command{
+			Use:     "child5",
+			Version: "1.1.1",
+			Run:     emptyRun,
+			ValidArgsFunction: func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+				return []string{"extra5"}, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+			},
+			DisableFlagParsing: true,
+		}
+
+		rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd, childCmd2, childCmd3, childCmd4, childCmd5)
+
+		_ = childCmd.Flags().Bool("bool", false, "A bool flag")
+		_ = childCmd.MarkFlagRequired("bool")
+
+		// Have a command that adds its own help and version flag
+		_ = childCmd2.Flags().BoolP("help", "h", false, "My own help")
+		_ = childCmd2.Flags().BoolP("version", "v", false, "My own version")
+
+		// Have a command that only adds its own -v flag
+		_ = childCmd3.Flags().BoolP("verbose", "v", false, "Not a version flag")
+
+		// Have a command that DisablesFlagParsing but that also adds its own help and version flags
+		_ = childCmd5.Flags().BoolP("help", "h", false, "My own help")
+		_ = childCmd5.Flags().BoolP("version", "v", false, "My own version")
+
+		return rootCmd
+	}
+
+	// Each test case uses a unique command from the function above.
+	testcases := []struct {
+		desc           string
+		args           []string
+		expectedOutput string
+	}{
+		{
+			desc: "completion of help and version flags",
+			args: []string{"-"},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				"--help",
+				"-h",
+				"--version",
+				"-v",
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "no completion after --help flag",
+			args: []string{"--help", ""},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "no completion after -h flag",
+			args: []string{"-h", ""},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "no completion after --version flag",
+			args: []string{"--version", ""},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "no completion after -v flag",
+			args: []string{"-v", ""},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "no completion after --help flag even with other completions",
+			args: []string{"child", "--help", ""},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "no completion after -h flag even with other completions",
+			args: []string{"child", "-h", ""},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "no completion after --version flag even with other completions",
+			args: []string{"child", "--version", ""},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "no completion after -v flag even with other completions",
+			args: []string{"child", "-v", ""},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "no completion after -v flag even with other flag completions",
+			args: []string{"child", "-v", "-"},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "completion after --help flag when created by program",
+			args: []string{"child2", "--help", ""},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				"extra2",
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "completion after -h flag when created by program",
+			args: []string{"child2", "-h", ""},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				"extra2",
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "completion after --version flag when created by program",
+			args: []string{"child2", "--version", ""},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				"extra2",
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "completion after -v flag when created by program",
+			args: []string{"child2", "-v", ""},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				"extra2",
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "completion after --version when only -v flag was created by program",
+			args: []string{"child3", "--version", ""},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "completion after -v flag when only -v flag was created by program",
+			args: []string{"child3", "-v", ""},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				"extra3",
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "no completion for --help/-h and --version/-v flags when DisableFlagParsing=true",
+			args: []string{"child4", "-"},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				"extra4",
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "completions for program-defined --help/-h and --version/-v flags even when DisableFlagParsing=true",
+			args: []string{"child5", "-"},
+			expectedOutput: strings.Join([]string{
+				"--help",
+				"-h",
+				"--version",
+				"-v",
+				"extra5",
+				":4",
+				"Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp", ""}, "\n"),
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range testcases {
+		t.Run(tc.desc, func(t *testing.T) {
+			c := getCmd()
+			args := []string{ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd}
+			args = append(args, tc.args...)
+			output, err := executeCommand(c, args...)
+			switch {
+			case err == nil && output != tc.expectedOutput:
+				t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", tc.expectedOutput, output)
+			case err != nil:
+				t.Errorf("Unexpected error %q", err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestArgsNotDetectedAsFlagsCompletionInGo(t *testing.T) {
+	// Regression test that ensures the bug described in
+	// https://github.com/spf13/cobra/issues/1816 does not occur anymore.
+
+	root := Command{
+		Use: "root",
+		ValidArgsFunction: func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+			return []string{"service", "1-123", "11-123"}, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+		},
+	}
+
+	completion := `service
+1-123
+11-123
+:4
+Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+`
+
+	testcases := []struct {
+		desc           string
+		args           []string
+		expectedOutput string
+	}{
+		{
+			desc:           "empty",
+			args:           []string{""},
+			expectedOutput: completion,
+		},
+		{
+			desc:           "service only",
+			args:           []string{"service", ""},
+			expectedOutput: completion,
+		},
+		{
+			desc:           "service last",
+			args:           []string{"1-123", "service", ""},
+			expectedOutput: completion,
+		},
+		{
+			desc:           "two digit prefixed dash last",
+			args:           []string{"service", "11-123", ""},
+			expectedOutput: completion,
+		},
+		{
+			desc:           "one digit prefixed dash last",
+			args:           []string{"service", "1-123", ""},
+			expectedOutput: completion,
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range testcases {
+		t.Run(tc.desc, func(t *testing.T) {
+			args := []string{ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd}
+			args = append(args, tc.args...)
+			output, err := executeCommand(&root, args...)
+			switch {
+			case err == nil && output != tc.expectedOutput:
+				t.Errorf("expected: %q, got: %q", tc.expectedOutput, output)
+			case err != nil:
+				t.Errorf("Unexpected error %q", err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetFlagCompletion(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+
+	rootCmd.Flags().String("rootflag", "", "root flag")
+	_ = rootCmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("rootflag", func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		return []string{"rootvalue"}, ShellCompDirectiveKeepOrder
+	})
+
+	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().String("persistentflag", "", "persistent flag")
+	_ = rootCmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("persistentflag", func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		return []string{"persistentvalue"}, ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+	})
+
+	childCmd := &Command{Use: "child", Run: emptyRun}
+
+	childCmd.Flags().String("childflag", "", "child flag")
+	_ = childCmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("childflag", func(cmd *Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, ShellCompDirective) {
+		return []string{"childvalue"}, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp | ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace
+	})
+
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(childCmd)
+
+	testcases := []struct {
+		desc      string
+		cmd       *Command
+		flagName  string
+		exists    bool
+		comps     []string
+		directive ShellCompDirective
+	}{
+		{
+			desc:      "get flag completion function for command",
+			cmd:       rootCmd,
+			flagName:  "rootflag",
+			exists:    true,
+			comps:     []string{"rootvalue"},
+			directive: ShellCompDirectiveKeepOrder,
+		},
+		{
+			desc:      "get persistent flag completion function for command",
+			cmd:       rootCmd,
+			flagName:  "persistentflag",
+			exists:    true,
+			comps:     []string{"persistentvalue"},
+			directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault,
+		},
+		{
+			desc:      "get flag completion function for child command",
+			cmd:       childCmd,
+			flagName:  "childflag",
+			exists:    true,
+			comps:     []string{"childvalue"},
+			directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp | ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace,
+		},
+		{
+			desc:      "get persistent flag completion function for child command",
+			cmd:       childCmd,
+			flagName:  "persistentflag",
+			exists:    true,
+			comps:     []string{"persistentvalue"},
+			directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault,
+		},
+		{
+			desc:     "cannot get flag completion function for local parent flag",
+			cmd:      childCmd,
+			flagName: "rootflag",
+			exists:   false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range testcases {
+		t.Run(tc.desc, func(t *testing.T) {
+			compFunc, exists := tc.cmd.GetFlagCompletionFunc(tc.flagName)
+			if tc.exists != exists {
+				t.Errorf("Unexpected result looking for flag completion function")
+			}
+
+			if exists {
+				comps, directive := compFunc(tc.cmd, []string{}, "")
+				if strings.Join(tc.comps, " ") != strings.Join(comps, " ") {
+					t.Errorf("Unexpected completions %q", comps)
+				}
+				if tc.directive != directive {
+					t.Errorf("Unexpected directive %q", directive)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
diff --git a/doc/cmd_test.go b/doc/cmd_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0d022c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/cmd_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package doc
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func emptyRun(*cobra.Command, []string) {}
+
+func init() {
+	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringP("rootflag", "r", "two", "")
+	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringP("strtwo", "t", "two", "help message for parent flag strtwo")
+
+	echoCmd.PersistentFlags().StringP("strone", "s", "one", "help message for flag strone")
+	echoCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolP("persistentbool", "p", false, "help message for flag persistentbool")
+	echoCmd.Flags().IntP("intone", "i", 123, "help message for flag intone")
+	echoCmd.Flags().BoolP("boolone", "b", true, "help message for flag boolone")
+
+	timesCmd.PersistentFlags().StringP("strtwo", "t", "2", "help message for child flag strtwo")
+	timesCmd.Flags().IntP("inttwo", "j", 234, "help message for flag inttwo")
+	timesCmd.Flags().BoolP("booltwo", "c", false, "help message for flag booltwo")
+
+	printCmd.PersistentFlags().StringP("strthree", "s", "three", "help message for flag strthree")
+	printCmd.Flags().IntP("intthree", "i", 345, "help message for flag intthree")
+	printCmd.Flags().BoolP("boolthree", "b", true, "help message for flag boolthree")
+
+	echoCmd.AddCommand(timesCmd, echoSubCmd, deprecatedCmd)
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(printCmd, echoCmd, dummyCmd)
+}
+
+var rootCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "root",
+	Short: "Root short description",
+	Long:  "Root long description",
+	Run:   emptyRun,
+}
+
+var echoCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "echo [string to echo]",
+	Aliases: []string{"say"},
+	Short:   "Echo anything to the screen",
+	Long:    "an utterly useless command for testing",
+	Example: "Just run cobra-test echo",
+}
+
+var echoSubCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "echosub [string to print]",
+	Short: "second sub command for echo",
+	Long:  "an absolutely utterly useless command for testing gendocs!.",
+	Run:   emptyRun,
+}
+
+var timesCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:        "times [# times] [string to echo]",
+	SuggestFor: []string{"counts"},
+	Short:      "Echo anything to the screen more times",
+	Long:       `a slightly useless command for testing.`,
+	Run:        emptyRun,
+}
+
+var deprecatedCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:        "deprecated [can't do anything here]",
+	Short:      "A command which is deprecated",
+	Long:       `an absolutely utterly useless command for testing deprecation!.`,
+	Deprecated: "Please use echo instead",
+}
+
+var printCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "print [string to print]",
+	Short: "Print anything to the screen",
+	Long:  `an absolutely utterly useless command for testing.`,
+}
+
+var dummyCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "dummy [action]",
+	Short: "Performs a dummy action",
+}
+
+func checkStringContains(t *testing.T, got, expected string) {
+	if !strings.Contains(got, expected) {
+		t.Errorf("Expected to contain: \n %v\nGot:\n %v\n", expected, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func checkStringOmits(t *testing.T, got, expected string) {
+	if strings.Contains(got, expected) {
+		t.Errorf("Expected to not contain: \n %v\nGot: %v", expected, got)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/doc/man_docs.go b/doc/man_docs.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b8c15ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/man_docs.go
@@ -0,0 +1,246 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package doc
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"sort"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2/md2man"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
+)
+
+// GenManTree will generate a man page for this command and all descendants
+// in the directory given. The header may be nil. This function may not work
+// correctly if your command names have `-` in them. If you have `cmd` with two
+// subcmds, `sub` and `sub-third`, and `sub` has a subcommand called `third`
+// it is undefined which help output will be in the file `cmd-sub-third.1`.
+func GenManTree(cmd *cobra.Command, header *GenManHeader, dir string) error {
+	return GenManTreeFromOpts(cmd, GenManTreeOptions{
+		Header:           header,
+		Path:             dir,
+		CommandSeparator: "-",
+	})
+}
+
+// GenManTreeFromOpts generates a man page for the command and all descendants.
+// The pages are written to the opts.Path directory.
+func GenManTreeFromOpts(cmd *cobra.Command, opts GenManTreeOptions) error {
+	header := opts.Header
+	if header == nil {
+		header = &GenManHeader{}
+	}
+	for _, c := range cmd.Commands() {
+		if !c.IsAvailableCommand() || c.IsAdditionalHelpTopicCommand() {
+			continue
+		}
+		if err := GenManTreeFromOpts(c, opts); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	section := "1"
+	if header.Section != "" {
+		section = header.Section
+	}
+
+	separator := "_"
+	if opts.CommandSeparator != "" {
+		separator = opts.CommandSeparator
+	}
+	basename := strings.ReplaceAll(cmd.CommandPath(), " ", separator)
+	filename := filepath.Join(opts.Path, basename+"."+section)
+	f, err := os.Create(filename)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+
+	headerCopy := *header
+	return GenMan(cmd, &headerCopy, f)
+}
+
+// GenManTreeOptions is the options for generating the man pages.
+// Used only in GenManTreeFromOpts.
+type GenManTreeOptions struct {
+	Header           *GenManHeader
+	Path             string
+	CommandSeparator string
+}
+
+// GenManHeader is a lot like the .TH header at the start of man pages. These
+// include the title, section, date, source, and manual. We will use the
+// current time if Date is unset and will use "Auto generated by spf13/cobra"
+// if the Source is unset.
+type GenManHeader struct {
+	Title   string
+	Section string
+	Date    *time.Time
+	date    string
+	Source  string
+	Manual  string
+}
+
+// GenMan will generate a man page for the given command and write it to
+// w. The header argument may be nil, however obviously w may not.
+func GenMan(cmd *cobra.Command, header *GenManHeader, w io.Writer) error {
+	if header == nil {
+		header = &GenManHeader{}
+	}
+	if err := fillHeader(header, cmd.CommandPath(), cmd.DisableAutoGenTag); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	b := genMan(cmd, header)
+	_, err := w.Write(md2man.Render(b))
+	return err
+}
+
+func fillHeader(header *GenManHeader, name string, disableAutoGen bool) error {
+	if header.Title == "" {
+		header.Title = strings.ToUpper(strings.ReplaceAll(name, " ", "\\-"))
+	}
+	if header.Section == "" {
+		header.Section = "1"
+	}
+	if header.Date == nil {
+		now := time.Now()
+		if epoch := os.Getenv("SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH"); epoch != "" {
+			unixEpoch, err := strconv.ParseInt(epoch, 10, 64)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("invalid SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH: %v", err)
+			}
+			now = time.Unix(unixEpoch, 0)
+		}
+		header.Date = &now
+	}
+	header.date = (*header.Date).Format("Jan 2006")
+	if header.Source == "" && !disableAutoGen {
+		header.Source = "Auto generated by spf13/cobra"
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func manPreamble(buf io.StringWriter, header *GenManHeader, cmd *cobra.Command, dashedName string) {
+	description := cmd.Long
+	if len(description) == 0 {
+		description = cmd.Short
+	}
+
+	cobra.WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf(`%% "%s" "%s" "%s" "%s" "%s"
+# NAME
+`, header.Title, header.Section, header.date, header.Source, header.Manual))
+	cobra.WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf("%s \\- %s\n\n", dashedName, cmd.Short))
+	cobra.WriteStringAndCheck(buf, "# SYNOPSIS\n")
+	cobra.WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf("**%s**\n\n", cmd.UseLine()))
+	cobra.WriteStringAndCheck(buf, "# DESCRIPTION\n")
+	cobra.WriteStringAndCheck(buf, description+"\n\n")
+}
+
+func manPrintFlags(buf io.StringWriter, flags *pflag.FlagSet) {
+	flags.VisitAll(func(flag *pflag.Flag) {
+		if len(flag.Deprecated) > 0 || flag.Hidden {
+			return
+		}
+		format := ""
+		if len(flag.Shorthand) > 0 && len(flag.ShorthandDeprecated) == 0 {
+			format = fmt.Sprintf("**-%s**, **--%s**", flag.Shorthand, flag.Name)
+		} else {
+			format = fmt.Sprintf("**--%s**", flag.Name)
+		}
+		if len(flag.NoOptDefVal) > 0 {
+			format += "["
+		}
+		if flag.Value.Type() == "string" {
+			// put quotes on the value
+			format += "=%q"
+		} else {
+			format += "=%s"
+		}
+		if len(flag.NoOptDefVal) > 0 {
+			format += "]"
+		}
+		format += "\n\t%s\n\n"
+		cobra.WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf(format, flag.DefValue, flag.Usage))
+	})
+}
+
+func manPrintOptions(buf io.StringWriter, command *cobra.Command) {
+	flags := command.NonInheritedFlags()
+	if flags.HasAvailableFlags() {
+		cobra.WriteStringAndCheck(buf, "# OPTIONS\n")
+		manPrintFlags(buf, flags)
+		cobra.WriteStringAndCheck(buf, "\n")
+	}
+	flags = command.InheritedFlags()
+	if flags.HasAvailableFlags() {
+		cobra.WriteStringAndCheck(buf, "# OPTIONS INHERITED FROM PARENT COMMANDS\n")
+		manPrintFlags(buf, flags)
+		cobra.WriteStringAndCheck(buf, "\n")
+	}
+}
+
+func genMan(cmd *cobra.Command, header *GenManHeader) []byte {
+	cmd.InitDefaultHelpCmd()
+	cmd.InitDefaultHelpFlag()
+
+	// something like `rootcmd-subcmd1-subcmd2`
+	dashCommandName := strings.ReplaceAll(cmd.CommandPath(), " ", "-")
+
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+
+	manPreamble(buf, header, cmd, dashCommandName)
+	manPrintOptions(buf, cmd)
+	if len(cmd.Example) > 0 {
+		buf.WriteString("# EXAMPLE\n")
+		buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("```\n%s\n```\n", cmd.Example))
+	}
+	if hasSeeAlso(cmd) {
+		buf.WriteString("# SEE ALSO\n")
+		seealsos := make([]string, 0)
+		if cmd.HasParent() {
+			parentPath := cmd.Parent().CommandPath()
+			dashParentPath := strings.ReplaceAll(parentPath, " ", "-")
+			seealso := fmt.Sprintf("**%s(%s)**", dashParentPath, header.Section)
+			seealsos = append(seealsos, seealso)
+			cmd.VisitParents(func(c *cobra.Command) {
+				if c.DisableAutoGenTag {
+					cmd.DisableAutoGenTag = c.DisableAutoGenTag
+				}
+			})
+		}
+		children := cmd.Commands()
+		sort.Sort(byName(children))
+		for _, c := range children {
+			if !c.IsAvailableCommand() || c.IsAdditionalHelpTopicCommand() {
+				continue
+			}
+			seealso := fmt.Sprintf("**%s-%s(%s)**", dashCommandName, c.Name(), header.Section)
+			seealsos = append(seealsos, seealso)
+		}
+		buf.WriteString(strings.Join(seealsos, ", ") + "\n")
+	}
+	if !cmd.DisableAutoGenTag {
+		buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("# HISTORY\n%s Auto generated by spf13/cobra\n", header.Date.Format("2-Jan-2006")))
+	}
+	return buf.Bytes()
+}
diff --git a/doc/man_docs_test.go b/doc/man_docs_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a4435e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/man_docs_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package doc
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func assertNoErr(t *testing.T, e error) {
+	if e != nil {
+		t.Error(e)
+	}
+}
+
+func translate(in string) string {
+	return strings.ReplaceAll(in, "-", "\\-")
+}
+
+func TestGenManDoc(t *testing.T) {
+	header := &GenManHeader{
+		Title:   "Project",
+		Section: "2",
+	}
+
+	// We generate on a subcommand so we have both subcommands and parents
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	if err := GenMan(echoCmd, header, buf); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	// Make sure parent has - in CommandPath() in SEE ALSO:
+	parentPath := echoCmd.Parent().CommandPath()
+	dashParentPath := strings.ReplaceAll(parentPath, " ", "-")
+	expected := translate(dashParentPath)
+	expected = expected + "(" + header.Section + ")"
+	checkStringContains(t, output, expected)
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, translate(echoCmd.Name()))
+	checkStringContains(t, output, translate(echoCmd.Name()))
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "boolone")
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "rootflag")
+	checkStringContains(t, output, translate(rootCmd.Name()))
+	checkStringContains(t, output, translate(echoSubCmd.Name()))
+	checkStringOmits(t, output, translate(deprecatedCmd.Name()))
+	checkStringContains(t, output, translate("Auto generated"))
+}
+
+func TestGenManNoHiddenParents(t *testing.T) {
+	header := &GenManHeader{
+		Title:   "Project",
+		Section: "2",
+	}
+
+	// We generate on a subcommand so we have both subcommands and parents
+	for _, name := range []string{"rootflag", "strtwo"} {
+		f := rootCmd.PersistentFlags().Lookup(name)
+		f.Hidden = true
+		defer func() { f.Hidden = false }()
+	}
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	if err := GenMan(echoCmd, header, buf); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	// Make sure parent has - in CommandPath() in SEE ALSO:
+	parentPath := echoCmd.Parent().CommandPath()
+	dashParentPath := strings.ReplaceAll(parentPath, " ", "-")
+	expected := translate(dashParentPath)
+	expected = expected + "(" + header.Section + ")"
+	checkStringContains(t, output, expected)
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, translate(echoCmd.Name()))
+	checkStringContains(t, output, translate(echoCmd.Name()))
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "boolone")
+	checkStringOmits(t, output, "rootflag")
+	checkStringContains(t, output, translate(rootCmd.Name()))
+	checkStringContains(t, output, translate(echoSubCmd.Name()))
+	checkStringOmits(t, output, translate(deprecatedCmd.Name()))
+	checkStringContains(t, output, translate("Auto generated"))
+	checkStringOmits(t, output, "OPTIONS INHERITED FROM PARENT COMMANDS")
+}
+
+func TestGenManNoGenTag(t *testing.T) {
+	echoCmd.DisableAutoGenTag = true
+	defer func() { echoCmd.DisableAutoGenTag = false }()
+
+	header := &GenManHeader{
+		Title:   "Project",
+		Section: "2",
+	}
+
+	// We generate on a subcommand so we have both subcommands and parents
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	if err := GenMan(echoCmd, header, buf); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	unexpected := translate("#HISTORY")
+	checkStringOmits(t, output, unexpected)
+	unexpected = translate("Auto generated by spf13/cobra")
+	checkStringOmits(t, output, unexpected)
+}
+
+func TestGenManSeeAlso(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &cobra.Command{Use: "root", Run: emptyRun}
+	aCmd := &cobra.Command{Use: "aaa", Run: emptyRun, Hidden: true} // #229
+	bCmd := &cobra.Command{Use: "bbb", Run: emptyRun}
+	cCmd := &cobra.Command{Use: "ccc", Run: emptyRun}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(aCmd, bCmd, cCmd)
+
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	header := &GenManHeader{}
+	if err := GenMan(rootCmd, header, buf); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(buf)
+
+	if err := assertLineFound(scanner, ".SH SEE ALSO"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Couldn't find SEE ALSO section header: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := assertNextLineEquals(scanner, ".PP"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("First line after SEE ALSO wasn't break-indent: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := assertNextLineEquals(scanner, `\fBroot-bbb(1)\fP, \fBroot-ccc(1)\fP`); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Second line after SEE ALSO wasn't correct: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestManPrintFlagsHidesShortDeprecated(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &cobra.Command{}
+	c.Flags().StringP("foo", "f", "default", "Foo flag")
+	assertNoErr(t, c.Flags().MarkShorthandDeprecated("foo", "don't use it no more"))
+
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	manPrintFlags(buf, c.Flags())
+
+	got := buf.String()
+	expected := "**--foo**=\"default\"\n\tFoo flag\n\n"
+	if got != expected {
+		t.Errorf("Expected %v, got %v", expected, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGenManTree(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &cobra.Command{Use: "do [OPTIONS] arg1 arg2"}
+	header := &GenManHeader{Section: "2"}
+	tmpdir, err := ioutil.TempDir("", "test-gen-man-tree")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to create tmpdir: %s", err.Error())
+	}
+	defer os.RemoveAll(tmpdir)
+
+	if err := GenManTree(c, header, tmpdir); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("GenManTree failed: %s", err.Error())
+	}
+
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(tmpdir, "do.2")); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected file 'do.2' to exist")
+	}
+
+	if header.Title != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected header.Title to be unmodified")
+	}
+}
+
+func assertLineFound(scanner *bufio.Scanner, expectedLine string) error {
+	for scanner.Scan() {
+		line := scanner.Text()
+		if line == expectedLine {
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err := scanner.Err(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("scan failed: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	return fmt.Errorf("hit EOF before finding %v", expectedLine)
+}
+
+func assertNextLineEquals(scanner *bufio.Scanner, expectedLine string) error {
+	if scanner.Scan() {
+		line := scanner.Text()
+		if line == expectedLine {
+			return nil
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("got %v, not %v", line, expectedLine)
+	}
+
+	if err := scanner.Err(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("scan failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	return fmt.Errorf("hit EOF before finding %v", expectedLine)
+}
+
+func BenchmarkGenManToFile(b *testing.B) {
+	file, err := ioutil.TempFile("", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		b.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer os.Remove(file.Name())
+	defer file.Close()
+
+	b.ResetTimer()
+	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		if err := GenMan(rootCmd, nil, file); err != nil {
+			b.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/doc/man_examples_test.go b/doc/man_examples_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..873b2b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/man_examples_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package doc_test
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra/doc"
+)
+
+func ExampleGenManTree() {
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "test",
+		Short: "my test program",
+	}
+	header := &doc.GenManHeader{
+		Title:   "MINE",
+		Section: "3",
+	}
+	cobra.CheckErr(doc.GenManTree(cmd, header, "/tmp"))
+}
+
+func ExampleGenMan() {
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "test",
+		Short: "my test program",
+	}
+	header := &doc.GenManHeader{
+		Title:   "MINE",
+		Section: "3",
+	}
+	out := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	cobra.CheckErr(doc.GenMan(cmd, header, out))
+	fmt.Print(out.String())
+}
diff --git a/doc/md_docs.go b/doc/md_docs.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f98fe2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/md_docs.go
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package doc
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+const markdownExtension = ".md"
+
+func printOptions(buf *bytes.Buffer, cmd *cobra.Command, name string) error {
+	flags := cmd.NonInheritedFlags()
+	flags.SetOutput(buf)
+	if flags.HasAvailableFlags() {
+		buf.WriteString("### Options\n\n```\n")
+		flags.PrintDefaults()
+		buf.WriteString("```\n\n")
+	}
+
+	parentFlags := cmd.InheritedFlags()
+	parentFlags.SetOutput(buf)
+	if parentFlags.HasAvailableFlags() {
+		buf.WriteString("### Options inherited from parent commands\n\n```\n")
+		parentFlags.PrintDefaults()
+		buf.WriteString("```\n\n")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// GenMarkdown creates markdown output.
+func GenMarkdown(cmd *cobra.Command, w io.Writer) error {
+	return GenMarkdownCustom(cmd, w, func(s string) string { return s })
+}
+
+// GenMarkdownCustom creates custom markdown output.
+func GenMarkdownCustom(cmd *cobra.Command, w io.Writer, linkHandler func(string) string) error {
+	cmd.InitDefaultHelpCmd()
+	cmd.InitDefaultHelpFlag()
+
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	name := cmd.CommandPath()
+
+	buf.WriteString("## " + name + "\n\n")
+	buf.WriteString(cmd.Short + "\n\n")
+	if len(cmd.Long) > 0 {
+		buf.WriteString("### Synopsis\n\n")
+		buf.WriteString(cmd.Long + "\n\n")
+	}
+
+	if cmd.Runnable() {
+		buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("```\n%s\n```\n\n", cmd.UseLine()))
+	}
+
+	if len(cmd.Example) > 0 {
+		buf.WriteString("### Examples\n\n")
+		buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("```\n%s\n```\n\n", cmd.Example))
+	}
+
+	if err := printOptions(buf, cmd, name); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if hasSeeAlso(cmd) {
+		buf.WriteString("### SEE ALSO\n\n")
+		if cmd.HasParent() {
+			parent := cmd.Parent()
+			pname := parent.CommandPath()
+			link := pname + markdownExtension
+			link = strings.ReplaceAll(link, " ", "_")
+			buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("* [%s](%s)\t - %s\n", pname, linkHandler(link), parent.Short))
+			cmd.VisitParents(func(c *cobra.Command) {
+				if c.DisableAutoGenTag {
+					cmd.DisableAutoGenTag = c.DisableAutoGenTag
+				}
+			})
+		}
+
+		children := cmd.Commands()
+		sort.Sort(byName(children))
+
+		for _, child := range children {
+			if !child.IsAvailableCommand() || child.IsAdditionalHelpTopicCommand() {
+				continue
+			}
+			cname := name + " " + child.Name()
+			link := cname + markdownExtension
+			link = strings.ReplaceAll(link, " ", "_")
+			buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("* [%s](%s)\t - %s\n", cname, linkHandler(link), child.Short))
+		}
+		buf.WriteString("\n")
+	}
+	if !cmd.DisableAutoGenTag {
+		buf.WriteString("###### Auto generated by spf13/cobra on " + time.Now().Format("2-Jan-2006") + "\n")
+	}
+	_, err := buf.WriteTo(w)
+	return err
+}
+
+// GenMarkdownTree will generate a markdown page for this command and all
+// descendants in the directory given. The header may be nil.
+// This function may not work correctly if your command names have `-` in them.
+// If you have `cmd` with two subcmds, `sub` and `sub-third`,
+// and `sub` has a subcommand called `third`, it is undefined which
+// help output will be in the file `cmd-sub-third.1`.
+func GenMarkdownTree(cmd *cobra.Command, dir string) error {
+	identity := func(s string) string { return s }
+	emptyStr := func(s string) string { return "" }
+	return GenMarkdownTreeCustom(cmd, dir, emptyStr, identity)
+}
+
+// GenMarkdownTreeCustom is the the same as GenMarkdownTree, but
+// with custom filePrepender and linkHandler.
+func GenMarkdownTreeCustom(cmd *cobra.Command, dir string, filePrepender, linkHandler func(string) string) error {
+	for _, c := range cmd.Commands() {
+		if !c.IsAvailableCommand() || c.IsAdditionalHelpTopicCommand() {
+			continue
+		}
+		if err := GenMarkdownTreeCustom(c, dir, filePrepender, linkHandler); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	basename := strings.ReplaceAll(cmd.CommandPath(), " ", "_") + markdownExtension
+	filename := filepath.Join(dir, basename)
+	f, err := os.Create(filename)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+
+	if _, err := io.WriteString(f, filePrepender(filename)); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := GenMarkdownCustom(cmd, f, linkHandler); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
diff --git a/doc/md_docs_test.go b/doc/md_docs_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e70cad8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/md_docs_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package doc
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func TestGenMdDoc(t *testing.T) {
+	// We generate on subcommand so we have both subcommands and parents.
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	if err := GenMarkdown(echoCmd, buf); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, echoCmd.Long)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, echoCmd.Example)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "boolone")
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "rootflag")
+	checkStringContains(t, output, rootCmd.Short)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, echoSubCmd.Short)
+	checkStringOmits(t, output, deprecatedCmd.Short)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "Options inherited from parent commands")
+}
+
+func TestGenMdDocWithNoLongOrSynopsis(t *testing.T) {
+	// We generate on subcommand so we have both subcommands and parents.
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	if err := GenMarkdown(dummyCmd, buf); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, dummyCmd.Example)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, dummyCmd.Short)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "Options inherited from parent commands")
+	checkStringOmits(t, output, "### Synopsis")
+}
+
+func TestGenMdNoHiddenParents(t *testing.T) {
+	// We generate on subcommand so we have both subcommands and parents.
+	for _, name := range []string{"rootflag", "strtwo"} {
+		f := rootCmd.PersistentFlags().Lookup(name)
+		f.Hidden = true
+		defer func() { f.Hidden = false }()
+	}
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	if err := GenMarkdown(echoCmd, buf); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, echoCmd.Long)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, echoCmd.Example)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "boolone")
+	checkStringOmits(t, output, "rootflag")
+	checkStringContains(t, output, rootCmd.Short)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, echoSubCmd.Short)
+	checkStringOmits(t, output, deprecatedCmd.Short)
+	checkStringOmits(t, output, "Options inherited from parent commands")
+}
+
+func TestGenMdNoTag(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd.DisableAutoGenTag = true
+	defer func() { rootCmd.DisableAutoGenTag = false }()
+
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	if err := GenMarkdown(rootCmd, buf); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	checkStringOmits(t, output, "Auto generated")
+}
+
+func TestGenMdTree(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &cobra.Command{Use: "do [OPTIONS] arg1 arg2"}
+	tmpdir, err := ioutil.TempDir("", "test-gen-md-tree")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to create tmpdir: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer os.RemoveAll(tmpdir)
+
+	if err := GenMarkdownTree(c, tmpdir); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("GenMarkdownTree failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(tmpdir, "do.md")); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected file 'do.md' to exist")
+	}
+}
+
+func BenchmarkGenMarkdownToFile(b *testing.B) {
+	file, err := ioutil.TempFile("", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		b.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer os.Remove(file.Name())
+	defer file.Close()
+
+	b.ResetTimer()
+	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		if err := GenMarkdown(rootCmd, file); err != nil {
+			b.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/doc/rest_docs.go b/doc/rest_docs.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2cca6fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/rest_docs.go
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package doc
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func printOptionsReST(buf *bytes.Buffer, cmd *cobra.Command, name string) error {
+	flags := cmd.NonInheritedFlags()
+	flags.SetOutput(buf)
+	if flags.HasAvailableFlags() {
+		buf.WriteString("Options\n")
+		buf.WriteString("~~~~~~~\n\n::\n\n")
+		flags.PrintDefaults()
+		buf.WriteString("\n")
+	}
+
+	parentFlags := cmd.InheritedFlags()
+	parentFlags.SetOutput(buf)
+	if parentFlags.HasAvailableFlags() {
+		buf.WriteString("Options inherited from parent commands\n")
+		buf.WriteString("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n\n::\n\n")
+		parentFlags.PrintDefaults()
+		buf.WriteString("\n")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// defaultLinkHandler for default ReST hyperlink markup
+func defaultLinkHandler(name, ref string) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("`%s <%s.rst>`_", name, ref)
+}
+
+// GenReST creates reStructured Text output.
+func GenReST(cmd *cobra.Command, w io.Writer) error {
+	return GenReSTCustom(cmd, w, defaultLinkHandler)
+}
+
+// GenReSTCustom creates custom reStructured Text output.
+func GenReSTCustom(cmd *cobra.Command, w io.Writer, linkHandler func(string, string) string) error {
+	cmd.InitDefaultHelpCmd()
+	cmd.InitDefaultHelpFlag()
+
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	name := cmd.CommandPath()
+
+	short := cmd.Short
+	long := cmd.Long
+	if len(long) == 0 {
+		long = short
+	}
+	ref := strings.ReplaceAll(name, " ", "_")
+
+	buf.WriteString(".. _" + ref + ":\n\n")
+	buf.WriteString(name + "\n")
+	buf.WriteString(strings.Repeat("-", len(name)) + "\n\n")
+	buf.WriteString(short + "\n\n")
+	buf.WriteString("Synopsis\n")
+	buf.WriteString("~~~~~~~~\n\n")
+	buf.WriteString("\n" + long + "\n\n")
+
+	if cmd.Runnable() {
+		buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("::\n\n  %s\n\n", cmd.UseLine()))
+	}
+
+	if len(cmd.Example) > 0 {
+		buf.WriteString("Examples\n")
+		buf.WriteString("~~~~~~~~\n\n")
+		buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("::\n\n%s\n\n", indentString(cmd.Example, "  ")))
+	}
+
+	if err := printOptionsReST(buf, cmd, name); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if hasSeeAlso(cmd) {
+		buf.WriteString("SEE ALSO\n")
+		buf.WriteString("~~~~~~~~\n\n")
+		if cmd.HasParent() {
+			parent := cmd.Parent()
+			pname := parent.CommandPath()
+			ref = strings.ReplaceAll(pname, " ", "_")
+			buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("* %s \t - %s\n", linkHandler(pname, ref), parent.Short))
+			cmd.VisitParents(func(c *cobra.Command) {
+				if c.DisableAutoGenTag {
+					cmd.DisableAutoGenTag = c.DisableAutoGenTag
+				}
+			})
+		}
+
+		children := cmd.Commands()
+		sort.Sort(byName(children))
+
+		for _, child := range children {
+			if !child.IsAvailableCommand() || child.IsAdditionalHelpTopicCommand() {
+				continue
+			}
+			cname := name + " " + child.Name()
+			ref = strings.ReplaceAll(cname, " ", "_")
+			buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("* %s \t - %s\n", linkHandler(cname, ref), child.Short))
+		}
+		buf.WriteString("\n")
+	}
+	if !cmd.DisableAutoGenTag {
+		buf.WriteString("*Auto generated by spf13/cobra on " + time.Now().Format("2-Jan-2006") + "*\n")
+	}
+	_, err := buf.WriteTo(w)
+	return err
+}
+
+// GenReSTTree will generate a ReST page for this command and all
+// descendants in the directory given.
+// This function may not work correctly if your command names have `-` in them.
+// If you have `cmd` with two subcmds, `sub` and `sub-third`,
+// and `sub` has a subcommand called `third`, it is undefined which
+// help output will be in the file `cmd-sub-third.1`.
+func GenReSTTree(cmd *cobra.Command, dir string) error {
+	emptyStr := func(s string) string { return "" }
+	return GenReSTTreeCustom(cmd, dir, emptyStr, defaultLinkHandler)
+}
+
+// GenReSTTreeCustom is the the same as GenReSTTree, but
+// with custom filePrepender and linkHandler.
+func GenReSTTreeCustom(cmd *cobra.Command, dir string, filePrepender func(string) string, linkHandler func(string, string) string) error {
+	for _, c := range cmd.Commands() {
+		if !c.IsAvailableCommand() || c.IsAdditionalHelpTopicCommand() {
+			continue
+		}
+		if err := GenReSTTreeCustom(c, dir, filePrepender, linkHandler); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	basename := strings.ReplaceAll(cmd.CommandPath(), " ", "_") + ".rst"
+	filename := filepath.Join(dir, basename)
+	f, err := os.Create(filename)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+
+	if _, err := io.WriteString(f, filePrepender(filename)); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := GenReSTCustom(cmd, f, linkHandler); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// indentString adapted from: https://github.com/kr/text/blob/main/indent.go
+func indentString(s, p string) string {
+	var res []byte
+	b := []byte(s)
+	prefix := []byte(p)
+	bol := true
+	for _, c := range b {
+		if bol && c != '\n' {
+			res = append(res, prefix...)
+		}
+		res = append(res, c)
+		bol = c == '\n'
+	}
+	return string(res)
+}
diff --git a/doc/rest_docs_test.go b/doc/rest_docs_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a3ea9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/rest_docs_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package doc
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func TestGenRSTDoc(t *testing.T) {
+	// We generate on a subcommand so we have both subcommands and parents
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	if err := GenReST(echoCmd, buf); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, echoCmd.Long)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, echoCmd.Example)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "boolone")
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "rootflag")
+	checkStringContains(t, output, rootCmd.Short)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, echoSubCmd.Short)
+	checkStringOmits(t, output, deprecatedCmd.Short)
+}
+
+func TestGenRSTNoHiddenParents(t *testing.T) {
+	// We generate on a subcommand so we have both subcommands and parents
+	for _, name := range []string{"rootflag", "strtwo"} {
+		f := rootCmd.PersistentFlags().Lookup(name)
+		f.Hidden = true
+		defer func() { f.Hidden = false }()
+	}
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	if err := GenReST(echoCmd, buf); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, echoCmd.Long)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, echoCmd.Example)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "boolone")
+	checkStringOmits(t, output, "rootflag")
+	checkStringContains(t, output, rootCmd.Short)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, echoSubCmd.Short)
+	checkStringOmits(t, output, deprecatedCmd.Short)
+	checkStringOmits(t, output, "Options inherited from parent commands")
+}
+
+func TestGenRSTNoTag(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd.DisableAutoGenTag = true
+	defer func() { rootCmd.DisableAutoGenTag = false }()
+
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	if err := GenReST(rootCmd, buf); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	unexpected := "Auto generated"
+	checkStringOmits(t, output, unexpected)
+}
+
+func TestGenRSTTree(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &cobra.Command{Use: "do [OPTIONS] arg1 arg2"}
+
+	tmpdir, err := ioutil.TempDir("", "test-gen-rst-tree")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to create tmpdir: %s", err.Error())
+	}
+	defer os.RemoveAll(tmpdir)
+
+	if err := GenReSTTree(c, tmpdir); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("GenReSTTree failed: %s", err.Error())
+	}
+
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(tmpdir, "do.rst")); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected file 'do.rst' to exist")
+	}
+}
+
+func BenchmarkGenReSTToFile(b *testing.B) {
+	file, err := ioutil.TempFile("", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		b.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer os.Remove(file.Name())
+	defer file.Close()
+
+	b.ResetTimer()
+	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		if err := GenReST(rootCmd, file); err != nil {
+			b.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/doc/util.go b/doc/util.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0aaa07a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/util.go
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package doc
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+// Test to see if we have a reason to print See Also information in docs
+// Basically this is a test for a parent command or a subcommand which is
+// both not deprecated and not the autogenerated help command.
+func hasSeeAlso(cmd *cobra.Command) bool {
+	if cmd.HasParent() {
+		return true
+	}
+	for _, c := range cmd.Commands() {
+		if !c.IsAvailableCommand() || c.IsAdditionalHelpTopicCommand() {
+			continue
+		}
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// Temporary workaround for yaml lib generating incorrect yaml with long strings
+// that do not contain \n.
+func forceMultiLine(s string) string {
+	if len(s) > 60 && !strings.Contains(s, "\n") {
+		s = s + "\n"
+	}
+	return s
+}
+
+type byName []*cobra.Command
+
+func (s byName) Len() int           { return len(s) }
+func (s byName) Swap(i, j int)      { s[i], s[j] = s[j], s[i] }
+func (s byName) Less(i, j int) bool { return s[i].Name() < s[j].Name() }
diff --git a/doc/yaml_docs.go b/doc/yaml_docs.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2b26d6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/yaml_docs.go
@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package doc
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
+	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
+)
+
+type cmdOption struct {
+	Name         string
+	Shorthand    string `yaml:",omitempty"`
+	DefaultValue string `yaml:"default_value,omitempty"`
+	Usage        string `yaml:",omitempty"`
+}
+
+type cmdDoc struct {
+	Name             string
+	Synopsis         string      `yaml:",omitempty"`
+	Description      string      `yaml:",omitempty"`
+	Usage            string      `yaml:",omitempty"`
+	Options          []cmdOption `yaml:",omitempty"`
+	InheritedOptions []cmdOption `yaml:"inherited_options,omitempty"`
+	Example          string      `yaml:",omitempty"`
+	SeeAlso          []string    `yaml:"see_also,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// GenYamlTree creates yaml structured ref files for this command and all descendants
+// in the directory given. This function may not work
+// correctly if your command names have `-` in them. If you have `cmd` with two
+// subcmds, `sub` and `sub-third`, and `sub` has a subcommand called `third`
+// it is undefined which help output will be in the file `cmd-sub-third.1`.
+func GenYamlTree(cmd *cobra.Command, dir string) error {
+	identity := func(s string) string { return s }
+	emptyStr := func(s string) string { return "" }
+	return GenYamlTreeCustom(cmd, dir, emptyStr, identity)
+}
+
+// GenYamlTreeCustom creates yaml structured ref files.
+func GenYamlTreeCustom(cmd *cobra.Command, dir string, filePrepender, linkHandler func(string) string) error {
+	for _, c := range cmd.Commands() {
+		if !c.IsAvailableCommand() || c.IsAdditionalHelpTopicCommand() {
+			continue
+		}
+		if err := GenYamlTreeCustom(c, dir, filePrepender, linkHandler); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	basename := strings.ReplaceAll(cmd.CommandPath(), " ", "_") + ".yaml"
+	filename := filepath.Join(dir, basename)
+	f, err := os.Create(filename)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+
+	if _, err := io.WriteString(f, filePrepender(filename)); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := GenYamlCustom(cmd, f, linkHandler); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// GenYaml creates yaml output.
+func GenYaml(cmd *cobra.Command, w io.Writer) error {
+	return GenYamlCustom(cmd, w, func(s string) string { return s })
+}
+
+// GenYamlCustom creates custom yaml output.
+func GenYamlCustom(cmd *cobra.Command, w io.Writer, linkHandler func(string) string) error {
+	cmd.InitDefaultHelpCmd()
+	cmd.InitDefaultHelpFlag()
+
+	yamlDoc := cmdDoc{}
+	yamlDoc.Name = cmd.CommandPath()
+
+	yamlDoc.Synopsis = forceMultiLine(cmd.Short)
+	yamlDoc.Description = forceMultiLine(cmd.Long)
+
+	if cmd.Runnable() {
+		yamlDoc.Usage = cmd.UseLine()
+	}
+
+	if len(cmd.Example) > 0 {
+		yamlDoc.Example = cmd.Example
+	}
+
+	flags := cmd.NonInheritedFlags()
+	if flags.HasFlags() {
+		yamlDoc.Options = genFlagResult(flags)
+	}
+	flags = cmd.InheritedFlags()
+	if flags.HasFlags() {
+		yamlDoc.InheritedOptions = genFlagResult(flags)
+	}
+
+	if hasSeeAlso(cmd) {
+		result := []string{}
+		if cmd.HasParent() {
+			parent := cmd.Parent()
+			result = append(result, parent.CommandPath()+" - "+parent.Short)
+		}
+		children := cmd.Commands()
+		sort.Sort(byName(children))
+		for _, child := range children {
+			if !child.IsAvailableCommand() || child.IsAdditionalHelpTopicCommand() {
+				continue
+			}
+			result = append(result, child.CommandPath()+" - "+child.Short)
+		}
+		yamlDoc.SeeAlso = result
+	}
+
+	final, err := yaml.Marshal(&yamlDoc)
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Println(err)
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+
+	if _, err := w.Write(final); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func genFlagResult(flags *pflag.FlagSet) []cmdOption {
+	var result []cmdOption
+
+	flags.VisitAll(func(flag *pflag.Flag) {
+		// Todo, when we mark a shorthand is deprecated, but specify an empty message.
+		// The flag.ShorthandDeprecated is empty as the shorthand is deprecated.
+		// Using len(flag.ShorthandDeprecated) > 0 can't handle this, others are ok.
+		if !(len(flag.ShorthandDeprecated) > 0) && len(flag.Shorthand) > 0 {
+			opt := cmdOption{
+				flag.Name,
+				flag.Shorthand,
+				flag.DefValue,
+				forceMultiLine(flag.Usage),
+			}
+			result = append(result, opt)
+		} else {
+			opt := cmdOption{
+				Name:         flag.Name,
+				DefaultValue: forceMultiLine(flag.DefValue),
+				Usage:        forceMultiLine(flag.Usage),
+			}
+			result = append(result, opt)
+		}
+	})
+
+	return result
+}
diff --git a/doc/yaml_docs_test.go b/doc/yaml_docs_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a6fa7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/yaml_docs_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package doc
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func TestGenYamlDoc(t *testing.T) {
+	// We generate on s subcommand so we have both subcommands and parents
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	if err := GenYaml(echoCmd, buf); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, echoCmd.Long)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, echoCmd.Example)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "boolone")
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "rootflag")
+	checkStringContains(t, output, rootCmd.Short)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, echoSubCmd.Short)
+	checkStringContains(t, output, fmt.Sprintf("- %s - %s", echoSubCmd.CommandPath(), echoSubCmd.Short))
+}
+
+func TestGenYamlNoTag(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd.DisableAutoGenTag = true
+	defer func() { rootCmd.DisableAutoGenTag = false }()
+
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	if err := GenYaml(rootCmd, buf); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	checkStringOmits(t, output, "Auto generated")
+}
+
+func TestGenYamlTree(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &cobra.Command{Use: "do [OPTIONS] arg1 arg2"}
+
+	tmpdir, err := ioutil.TempDir("", "test-gen-yaml-tree")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to create tmpdir: %s", err.Error())
+	}
+	defer os.RemoveAll(tmpdir)
+
+	if err := GenYamlTree(c, tmpdir); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("GenYamlTree failed: %s", err.Error())
+	}
+
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(tmpdir, "do.yaml")); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected file 'do.yaml' to exist")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGenYamlDocRunnable(t *testing.T) {
+	// Testing a runnable command: should contain the "usage" field
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	if err := GenYaml(rootCmd, buf); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	checkStringContains(t, output, "usage: "+rootCmd.Use)
+}
+
+func BenchmarkGenYamlToFile(b *testing.B) {
+	file, err := ioutil.TempFile("", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		b.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer os.Remove(file.Name())
+	defer file.Close()
+
+	b.ResetTimer()
+	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		if err := GenYaml(rootCmd, file); err != nil {
+			b.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/fish_completions.go b/fish_completions.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..12d61b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fish_completions.go
@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cobra
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+func genFishComp(buf io.StringWriter, name string, includeDesc bool) {
+	// Variables should not contain a '-' or ':' character
+	nameForVar := name
+	nameForVar = strings.ReplaceAll(nameForVar, "-", "_")
+	nameForVar = strings.ReplaceAll(nameForVar, ":", "_")
+
+	compCmd := ShellCompRequestCmd
+	if !includeDesc {
+		compCmd = ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd
+	}
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf("# fish completion for %-36s -*- shell-script -*-\n", name))
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf(`
+function __%[1]s_debug
+    set -l file "$BASH_COMP_DEBUG_FILE"
+    if test -n "$file"
+        echo "$argv" >> $file
+    end
+end
+
+function __%[1]s_perform_completion
+    __%[1]s_debug "Starting __%[1]s_perform_completion"
+
+    # Extract all args except the last one
+    set -l args (commandline -opc)
+    # Extract the last arg and escape it in case it is a space
+    set -l lastArg (string escape -- (commandline -ct))
+
+    __%[1]s_debug "args: $args"
+    __%[1]s_debug "last arg: $lastArg"
+
+    # Disable ActiveHelp which is not supported for fish shell
+    set -l requestComp "%[10]s=0 $args[1] %[3]s $args[2..-1] $lastArg"
+
+    __%[1]s_debug "Calling $requestComp"
+    set -l results (eval $requestComp 2> /dev/null)
+
+    # Some programs may output extra empty lines after the directive.
+    # Let's ignore them or else it will break completion.
+    # Ref: https://github.com/spf13/cobra/issues/1279
+    for line in $results[-1..1]
+        if test (string trim -- $line) = ""
+            # Found an empty line, remove it
+            set results $results[1..-2]
+        else
+            # Found non-empty line, we have our proper output
+            break
+        end
+    end
+
+    set -l comps $results[1..-2]
+    set -l directiveLine $results[-1]
+
+    # For Fish, when completing a flag with an = (e.g., <program> -n=<TAB>)
+    # completions must be prefixed with the flag
+    set -l flagPrefix (string match -r -- '-.*=' "$lastArg")
+
+    __%[1]s_debug "Comps: $comps"
+    __%[1]s_debug "DirectiveLine: $directiveLine"
+    __%[1]s_debug "flagPrefix: $flagPrefix"
+
+    for comp in $comps
+        printf "%%s%%s\n" "$flagPrefix" "$comp"
+    end
+
+    printf "%%s\n" "$directiveLine"
+end
+
+# this function limits calls to __%[1]s_perform_completion, by caching the result behind $__%[1]s_perform_completion_once_result
+function __%[1]s_perform_completion_once
+    __%[1]s_debug "Starting __%[1]s_perform_completion_once"
+
+    if test -n "$__%[1]s_perform_completion_once_result"
+        __%[1]s_debug "Seems like a valid result already exists, skipping __%[1]s_perform_completion"
+        return 0
+    end
+
+    set --global __%[1]s_perform_completion_once_result (__%[1]s_perform_completion)
+    if test -z "$__%[1]s_perform_completion_once_result"
+        __%[1]s_debug "No completions, probably due to a failure"
+        return 1
+    end
+
+    __%[1]s_debug "Performed completions and set __%[1]s_perform_completion_once_result"
+    return 0
+end
+
+# this function is used to clear the $__%[1]s_perform_completion_once_result variable after completions are run
+function __%[1]s_clear_perform_completion_once_result
+    __%[1]s_debug ""
+    __%[1]s_debug "========= clearing previously set __%[1]s_perform_completion_once_result variable =========="
+    set --erase __%[1]s_perform_completion_once_result
+    __%[1]s_debug "Successfully erased the variable __%[1]s_perform_completion_once_result"
+end
+
+function __%[1]s_requires_order_preservation
+    __%[1]s_debug ""
+    __%[1]s_debug "========= checking if order preservation is required =========="
+
+    __%[1]s_perform_completion_once
+    if test -z "$__%[1]s_perform_completion_once_result"
+        __%[1]s_debug "Error determining if order preservation is required"
+        return 1
+    end
+
+    set -l directive (string sub --start 2 $__%[1]s_perform_completion_once_result[-1])
+    __%[1]s_debug "Directive is: $directive"
+
+    set -l shellCompDirectiveKeepOrder %[9]d
+    set -l keeporder (math (math --scale 0 $directive / $shellCompDirectiveKeepOrder) %% 2)
+    __%[1]s_debug "Keeporder is: $keeporder"
+
+    if test $keeporder -ne 0
+        __%[1]s_debug "This does require order preservation"
+        return 0
+    end
+
+    __%[1]s_debug "This doesn't require order preservation"
+    return 1
+end
+
+
+# This function does two things:
+# - Obtain the completions and store them in the global __%[1]s_comp_results
+# - Return false if file completion should be performed
+function __%[1]s_prepare_completions
+    __%[1]s_debug ""
+    __%[1]s_debug "========= starting completion logic =========="
+
+    # Start fresh
+    set --erase __%[1]s_comp_results
+
+    __%[1]s_perform_completion_once
+    __%[1]s_debug "Completion results: $__%[1]s_perform_completion_once_result"
+
+    if test -z "$__%[1]s_perform_completion_once_result"
+        __%[1]s_debug "No completion, probably due to a failure"
+        # Might as well do file completion, in case it helps
+        return 1
+    end
+
+    set -l directive (string sub --start 2 $__%[1]s_perform_completion_once_result[-1])
+    set --global __%[1]s_comp_results $__%[1]s_perform_completion_once_result[1..-2]
+
+    __%[1]s_debug "Completions are: $__%[1]s_comp_results"
+    __%[1]s_debug "Directive is: $directive"
+
+    set -l shellCompDirectiveError %[4]d
+    set -l shellCompDirectiveNoSpace %[5]d
+    set -l shellCompDirectiveNoFileComp %[6]d
+    set -l shellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt %[7]d
+    set -l shellCompDirectiveFilterDirs %[8]d
+
+    if test -z "$directive"
+        set directive 0
+    end
+
+    set -l compErr (math (math --scale 0 $directive / $shellCompDirectiveError) %% 2)
+    if test $compErr -eq 1
+        __%[1]s_debug "Received error directive: aborting."
+        # Might as well do file completion, in case it helps
+        return 1
+    end
+
+    set -l filefilter (math (math --scale 0 $directive / $shellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt) %% 2)
+    set -l dirfilter (math (math --scale 0 $directive / $shellCompDirectiveFilterDirs) %% 2)
+    if test $filefilter -eq 1; or test $dirfilter -eq 1
+        __%[1]s_debug "File extension filtering or directory filtering not supported"
+        # Do full file completion instead
+        return 1
+    end
+
+    set -l nospace (math (math --scale 0 $directive / $shellCompDirectiveNoSpace) %% 2)
+    set -l nofiles (math (math --scale 0 $directive / $shellCompDirectiveNoFileComp) %% 2)
+
+    __%[1]s_debug "nospace: $nospace, nofiles: $nofiles"
+
+    # If we want to prevent a space, or if file completion is NOT disabled,
+    # we need to count the number of valid completions.
+    # To do so, we will filter on prefix as the completions we have received
+    # may not already be filtered so as to allow fish to match on different
+    # criteria than the prefix.
+    if test $nospace -ne 0; or test $nofiles -eq 0
+        set -l prefix (commandline -t | string escape --style=regex)
+        __%[1]s_debug "prefix: $prefix"
+
+        set -l completions (string match -r -- "^$prefix.*" $__%[1]s_comp_results)
+        set --global __%[1]s_comp_results $completions
+        __%[1]s_debug "Filtered completions are: $__%[1]s_comp_results"
+
+        # Important not to quote the variable for count to work
+        set -l numComps (count $__%[1]s_comp_results)
+        __%[1]s_debug "numComps: $numComps"
+
+        if test $numComps -eq 1; and test $nospace -ne 0
+            # We must first split on \t to get rid of the descriptions to be
+            # able to check what the actual completion will be.
+            # We don't need descriptions anyway since there is only a single
+            # real completion which the shell will expand immediately.
+            set -l split (string split --max 1 \t $__%[1]s_comp_results[1])
+
+            # Fish won't add a space if the completion ends with any
+            # of the following characters: @=/:.,
+            set -l lastChar (string sub -s -1 -- $split)
+            if not string match -r -q "[@=/:.,]" -- "$lastChar"
+                # In other cases, to support the "nospace" directive we trick the shell
+                # by outputting an extra, longer completion.
+                __%[1]s_debug "Adding second completion to perform nospace directive"
+                set --global __%[1]s_comp_results $split[1] $split[1].
+                __%[1]s_debug "Completions are now: $__%[1]s_comp_results"
+            end
+        end
+
+        if test $numComps -eq 0; and test $nofiles -eq 0
+            # To be consistent with bash and zsh, we only trigger file
+            # completion when there are no other completions
+            __%[1]s_debug "Requesting file completion"
+            return 1
+        end
+    end
+
+    return 0
+end
+
+# Since Fish completions are only loaded once the user triggers them, we trigger them ourselves
+# so we can properly delete any completions provided by another script.
+# Only do this if the program can be found, or else fish may print some errors; besides,
+# the existing completions will only be loaded if the program can be found.
+if type -q "%[2]s"
+    # The space after the program name is essential to trigger completion for the program
+    # and not completion of the program name itself.
+    # Also, we use '> /dev/null 2>&1' since '&>' is not supported in older versions of fish.
+    complete --do-complete "%[2]s " > /dev/null 2>&1
+end
+
+# Remove any pre-existing completions for the program since we will be handling all of them.
+complete -c %[2]s -e
+
+# this will get called after the two calls below and clear the $__%[1]s_perform_completion_once_result global
+complete -c %[2]s -n '__%[1]s_clear_perform_completion_once_result'
+# The call to __%[1]s_prepare_completions will setup __%[1]s_comp_results
+# which provides the program's completion choices.
+# If this doesn't require order preservation, we don't use the -k flag
+complete -c %[2]s -n 'not __%[1]s_requires_order_preservation && __%[1]s_prepare_completions' -f -a '$__%[1]s_comp_results'
+# otherwise we use the -k flag
+complete -k -c %[2]s -n '__%[1]s_requires_order_preservation && __%[1]s_prepare_completions' -f -a '$__%[1]s_comp_results'
+`, nameForVar, name, compCmd,
+		ShellCompDirectiveError, ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp,
+		ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt, ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs, ShellCompDirectiveKeepOrder, activeHelpEnvVar(name)))
+}
+
+// GenFishCompletion generates fish completion file and writes to the passed writer.
+func (c *Command) GenFishCompletion(w io.Writer, includeDesc bool) error {
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	genFishComp(buf, c.Name(), includeDesc)
+	_, err := buf.WriteTo(w)
+	return err
+}
+
+// GenFishCompletionFile generates fish completion file.
+func (c *Command) GenFishCompletionFile(filename string, includeDesc bool) error {
+	outFile, err := os.Create(filename)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer outFile.Close()
+
+	return c.GenFishCompletion(outFile, includeDesc)
+}
diff --git a/fish_completions_test.go b/fish_completions_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ce2a531
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fish_completions_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cobra
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestCompleteNoDesCmdInFishScript(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	child := &Command{
+		Use:               "child",
+		ValidArgsFunction: validArgsFunc,
+		Run:               emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(child)
+
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.GenFishCompletion(buf, false))
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	check(t, output, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd)
+}
+
+func TestCompleteCmdInFishScript(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	child := &Command{
+		Use:               "child",
+		ValidArgsFunction: validArgsFunc,
+		Run:               emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(child)
+
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.GenFishCompletion(buf, true))
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	check(t, output, ShellCompRequestCmd)
+	checkOmit(t, output, ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd)
+}
+
+func TestProgWithDash(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root-dash", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.GenFishCompletion(buf, false))
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	// Functions name should have replace the '-'
+	check(t, output, "__root_dash_perform_completion")
+	checkOmit(t, output, "__root-dash_perform_completion")
+
+	// The command name should not have replaced the '-'
+	check(t, output, "-c root-dash")
+	checkOmit(t, output, "-c root_dash")
+}
+
+func TestProgWithColon(t *testing.T) {
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root:colon", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.GenFishCompletion(buf, false))
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	// Functions name should have replace the ':'
+	check(t, output, "__root_colon_perform_completion")
+	checkOmit(t, output, "__root:colon_perform_completion")
+
+	// The command name should not have replaced the ':'
+	check(t, output, "-c root:colon")
+	checkOmit(t, output, "-c root_colon")
+}
+
+func TestFishCompletionNoActiveHelp(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Command{Use: "c", Run: emptyRun}
+
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	assertNoErr(t, c.GenFishCompletion(buf, true))
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	// check that active help is being disabled
+	activeHelpVar := activeHelpEnvVar(c.Name())
+	check(t, output, fmt.Sprintf("%s=0", activeHelpVar))
+}
+
+func TestGenFishCompletionFile(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpFile, err := os.CreateTemp("", "cobra-test")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err.Error())
+	}
+
+	defer os.Remove(tmpFile.Name())
+
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	child := &Command{
+		Use:               "child",
+		ValidArgsFunction: validArgsFunc,
+		Run:               emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(child)
+
+	assertNoErr(t, rootCmd.GenFishCompletionFile(tmpFile.Name(), false))
+}
+
+func TestFailGenFishCompletionFile(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpDir, err := os.MkdirTemp("", "cobra-test")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err.Error())
+	}
+
+	defer os.RemoveAll(tmpDir)
+
+	f, _ := os.OpenFile(filepath.Join(tmpDir, "test"), os.O_CREATE, 0400)
+	defer f.Close()
+
+	rootCmd := &Command{Use: "root", Args: NoArgs, Run: emptyRun}
+	child := &Command{
+		Use:               "child",
+		ValidArgsFunction: validArgsFunc,
+		Run:               emptyRun,
+	}
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(child)
+
+	got := rootCmd.GenFishCompletionFile(f.Name(), false)
+	if !errors.Is(got, os.ErrPermission) {
+		t.Errorf("got: %s, want: %s", got.Error(), os.ErrPermission.Error())
+	}
+}
diff --git a/flag_groups.go b/flag_groups.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0671ec5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/flag_groups.go
@@ -0,0 +1,290 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cobra
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+
+	flag "github.com/spf13/pflag"
+)
+
+const (
+	requiredAsGroup   = "cobra_annotation_required_if_others_set"
+	oneRequired       = "cobra_annotation_one_required"
+	mutuallyExclusive = "cobra_annotation_mutually_exclusive"
+)
+
+// MarkFlagsRequiredTogether marks the given flags with annotations so that Cobra errors
+// if the command is invoked with a subset (but not all) of the given flags.
+func (c *Command) MarkFlagsRequiredTogether(flagNames ...string) {
+	c.mergePersistentFlags()
+	for _, v := range flagNames {
+		f := c.Flags().Lookup(v)
+		if f == nil {
+			panic(fmt.Sprintf("Failed to find flag %q and mark it as being required in a flag group", v))
+		}
+		if err := c.Flags().SetAnnotation(v, requiredAsGroup, append(f.Annotations[requiredAsGroup], strings.Join(flagNames, " "))); err != nil {
+			// Only errs if the flag isn't found.
+			panic(err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// MarkFlagsOneRequired marks the given flags with annotations so that Cobra errors
+// if the command is invoked without at least one flag from the given set of flags.
+func (c *Command) MarkFlagsOneRequired(flagNames ...string) {
+	c.mergePersistentFlags()
+	for _, v := range flagNames {
+		f := c.Flags().Lookup(v)
+		if f == nil {
+			panic(fmt.Sprintf("Failed to find flag %q and mark it as being in a one-required flag group", v))
+		}
+		if err := c.Flags().SetAnnotation(v, oneRequired, append(f.Annotations[oneRequired], strings.Join(flagNames, " "))); err != nil {
+			// Only errs if the flag isn't found.
+			panic(err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// MarkFlagsMutuallyExclusive marks the given flags with annotations so that Cobra errors
+// if the command is invoked with more than one flag from the given set of flags.
+func (c *Command) MarkFlagsMutuallyExclusive(flagNames ...string) {
+	c.mergePersistentFlags()
+	for _, v := range flagNames {
+		f := c.Flags().Lookup(v)
+		if f == nil {
+			panic(fmt.Sprintf("Failed to find flag %q and mark it as being in a mutually exclusive flag group", v))
+		}
+		// Each time this is called is a single new entry; this allows it to be a member of multiple groups if needed.
+		if err := c.Flags().SetAnnotation(v, mutuallyExclusive, append(f.Annotations[mutuallyExclusive], strings.Join(flagNames, " "))); err != nil {
+			panic(err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// ValidateFlagGroups validates the mutuallyExclusive/oneRequired/requiredAsGroup logic and returns the
+// first error encountered.
+func (c *Command) ValidateFlagGroups() error {
+	if c.DisableFlagParsing {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	flags := c.Flags()
+
+	// groupStatus format is the list of flags as a unique ID,
+	// then a map of each flag name and whether it is set or not.
+	groupStatus := map[string]map[string]bool{}
+	oneRequiredGroupStatus := map[string]map[string]bool{}
+	mutuallyExclusiveGroupStatus := map[string]map[string]bool{}
+	flags.VisitAll(func(pflag *flag.Flag) {
+		processFlagForGroupAnnotation(flags, pflag, requiredAsGroup, groupStatus)
+		processFlagForGroupAnnotation(flags, pflag, oneRequired, oneRequiredGroupStatus)
+		processFlagForGroupAnnotation(flags, pflag, mutuallyExclusive, mutuallyExclusiveGroupStatus)
+	})
+
+	if err := validateRequiredFlagGroups(groupStatus); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := validateOneRequiredFlagGroups(oneRequiredGroupStatus); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := validateExclusiveFlagGroups(mutuallyExclusiveGroupStatus); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func hasAllFlags(fs *flag.FlagSet, flagnames ...string) bool {
+	for _, fname := range flagnames {
+		f := fs.Lookup(fname)
+		if f == nil {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+func processFlagForGroupAnnotation(flags *flag.FlagSet, pflag *flag.Flag, annotation string, groupStatus map[string]map[string]bool) {
+	groupInfo, found := pflag.Annotations[annotation]
+	if found {
+		for _, group := range groupInfo {
+			if groupStatus[group] == nil {
+				flagnames := strings.Split(group, " ")
+
+				// Only consider this flag group at all if all the flags are defined.
+				if !hasAllFlags(flags, flagnames...) {
+					continue
+				}
+
+				groupStatus[group] = map[string]bool{}
+				for _, name := range flagnames {
+					groupStatus[group][name] = false
+				}
+			}
+
+			groupStatus[group][pflag.Name] = pflag.Changed
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func validateRequiredFlagGroups(data map[string]map[string]bool) error {
+	keys := sortedKeys(data)
+	for _, flagList := range keys {
+		flagnameAndStatus := data[flagList]
+
+		unset := []string{}
+		for flagname, isSet := range flagnameAndStatus {
+			if !isSet {
+				unset = append(unset, flagname)
+			}
+		}
+		if len(unset) == len(flagnameAndStatus) || len(unset) == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Sort values, so they can be tested/scripted against consistently.
+		sort.Strings(unset)
+		return fmt.Errorf("if any flags in the group [%v] are set they must all be set; missing %v", flagList, unset)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func validateOneRequiredFlagGroups(data map[string]map[string]bool) error {
+	keys := sortedKeys(data)
+	for _, flagList := range keys {
+		flagnameAndStatus := data[flagList]
+		var set []string
+		for flagname, isSet := range flagnameAndStatus {
+			if isSet {
+				set = append(set, flagname)
+			}
+		}
+		if len(set) >= 1 {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Sort values, so they can be tested/scripted against consistently.
+		sort.Strings(set)
+		return fmt.Errorf("at least one of the flags in the group [%v] is required", flagList)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func validateExclusiveFlagGroups(data map[string]map[string]bool) error {
+	keys := sortedKeys(data)
+	for _, flagList := range keys {
+		flagnameAndStatus := data[flagList]
+		var set []string
+		for flagname, isSet := range flagnameAndStatus {
+			if isSet {
+				set = append(set, flagname)
+			}
+		}
+		if len(set) == 0 || len(set) == 1 {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Sort values, so they can be tested/scripted against consistently.
+		sort.Strings(set)
+		return fmt.Errorf("if any flags in the group [%v] are set none of the others can be; %v were all set", flagList, set)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func sortedKeys(m map[string]map[string]bool) []string {
+	keys := make([]string, len(m))
+	i := 0
+	for k := range m {
+		keys[i] = k
+		i++
+	}
+	sort.Strings(keys)
+	return keys
+}
+
+// enforceFlagGroupsForCompletion will do the following:
+// - when a flag in a group is present, other flags in the group will be marked required
+// - when none of the flags in a one-required group are present, all flags in the group will be marked required
+// - when a flag in a mutually exclusive group is present, other flags in the group will be marked as hidden
+// This allows the standard completion logic to behave appropriately for flag groups
+func (c *Command) enforceFlagGroupsForCompletion() {
+	if c.DisableFlagParsing {
+		return
+	}
+
+	flags := c.Flags()
+	groupStatus := map[string]map[string]bool{}
+	oneRequiredGroupStatus := map[string]map[string]bool{}
+	mutuallyExclusiveGroupStatus := map[string]map[string]bool{}
+	c.Flags().VisitAll(func(pflag *flag.Flag) {
+		processFlagForGroupAnnotation(flags, pflag, requiredAsGroup, groupStatus)
+		processFlagForGroupAnnotation(flags, pflag, oneRequired, oneRequiredGroupStatus)
+		processFlagForGroupAnnotation(flags, pflag, mutuallyExclusive, mutuallyExclusiveGroupStatus)
+	})
+
+	// If a flag that is part of a group is present, we make all the other flags
+	// of that group required so that the shell completion suggests them automatically
+	for flagList, flagnameAndStatus := range groupStatus {
+		for _, isSet := range flagnameAndStatus {
+			if isSet {
+				// One of the flags of the group is set, mark the other ones as required
+				for _, fName := range strings.Split(flagList, " ") {
+					_ = c.MarkFlagRequired(fName)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// If none of the flags of a one-required group are present, we make all the flags
+	// of that group required so that the shell completion suggests them automatically
+	for flagList, flagnameAndStatus := range oneRequiredGroupStatus {
+		set := 0
+
+		for _, isSet := range flagnameAndStatus {
+			if isSet {
+				set++
+			}
+		}
+
+		// None of the flags of the group are set, mark all flags in the group
+		// as required
+		if set == 0 {
+			for _, fName := range strings.Split(flagList, " ") {
+				_ = c.MarkFlagRequired(fName)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// If a flag that is mutually exclusive to others is present, we hide the other
+	// flags of that group so the shell completion does not suggest them
+	for flagList, flagnameAndStatus := range mutuallyExclusiveGroupStatus {
+		for flagName, isSet := range flagnameAndStatus {
+			if isSet {
+				// One of the flags of the mutually exclusive group is set, mark the other ones as hidden
+				// Don't mark the flag that is already set as hidden because it may be an
+				// array or slice flag and therefore must continue being suggested
+				for _, fName := range strings.Split(flagList, " ") {
+					if fName != flagName {
+						flag := c.Flags().Lookup(fName)
+						flag.Hidden = true
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/flag_groups_test.go b/flag_groups_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cffa855
--- /dev/null
+++ b/flag_groups_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cobra
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestValidateFlagGroups(t *testing.T) {
+	getCmd := func() *Command {
+		c := &Command{
+			Use: "testcmd",
+			Run: func(cmd *Command, args []string) {
+			}}
+		// Define lots of flags to utilize for testing.
+		for _, v := range []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"} {
+			c.Flags().String(v, "", "")
+		}
+		for _, v := range []string{"e", "f", "g"} {
+			c.PersistentFlags().String(v, "", "")
+		}
+		subC := &Command{
+			Use: "subcmd",
+			Run: func(cmd *Command, args []string) {
+			}}
+		subC.Flags().String("subonly", "", "")
+		c.AddCommand(subC)
+		return c
+	}
+
+	// Each test case uses a unique command from the function above.
+	testcases := []struct {
+		desc                        string
+		flagGroupsRequired          []string
+		flagGroupsOneRequired       []string
+		flagGroupsExclusive         []string
+		subCmdFlagGroupsRequired    []string
+		subCmdFlagGroupsOneRequired []string
+		subCmdFlagGroupsExclusive   []string
+		args                        []string
+		expectErr                   string
+	}{
+		{
+			desc: "No flags no problem",
+		}, {
+			desc:                "No flags no problem even with conflicting groups",
+			flagGroupsRequired:  []string{"a b"},
+			flagGroupsExclusive: []string{"a b"},
+		}, {
+			desc:               "Required flag group not satisfied",
+			flagGroupsRequired: []string{"a b c"},
+			args:               []string{"--a=foo"},
+			expectErr:          "if any flags in the group [a b c] are set they must all be set; missing [b c]",
+		}, {
+			desc:                  "One-required flag group not satisfied",
+			flagGroupsOneRequired: []string{"a b"},
+			args:                  []string{"--c=foo"},
+			expectErr:             "at least one of the flags in the group [a b] is required",
+		}, {
+			desc:                "Exclusive flag group not satisfied",
+			flagGroupsExclusive: []string{"a b c"},
+			args:                []string{"--a=foo", "--b=foo"},
+			expectErr:           "if any flags in the group [a b c] are set none of the others can be; [a b] were all set",
+		}, {
+			desc:               "Multiple required flag group not satisfied returns first error",
+			flagGroupsRequired: []string{"a b c", "a d"},
+			args:               []string{"--c=foo", "--d=foo"},
+			expectErr:          `if any flags in the group [a b c] are set they must all be set; missing [a b]`,
+		}, {
+			desc:                  "Multiple one-required flag group not satisfied returns first error",
+			flagGroupsOneRequired: []string{"a b", "d e"},
+			args:                  []string{"--c=foo", "--f=foo"},
+			expectErr:             `at least one of the flags in the group [a b] is required`,
+		}, {
+			desc:                "Multiple exclusive flag group not satisfied returns first error",
+			flagGroupsExclusive: []string{"a b c", "a d"},
+			args:                []string{"--a=foo", "--c=foo", "--d=foo"},
+			expectErr:           `if any flags in the group [a b c] are set none of the others can be; [a c] were all set`,
+		}, {
+			desc:               "Validation of required groups occurs on groups in sorted order",
+			flagGroupsRequired: []string{"a d", "a b", "a c"},
+			args:               []string{"--a=foo"},
+			expectErr:          `if any flags in the group [a b] are set they must all be set; missing [b]`,
+		}, {
+			desc:                  "Validation of one-required groups occurs on groups in sorted order",
+			flagGroupsOneRequired: []string{"d e", "a b", "f g"},
+			args:                  []string{"--c=foo"},
+			expectErr:             `at least one of the flags in the group [a b] is required`,
+		}, {
+			desc:                "Validation of exclusive groups occurs on groups in sorted order",
+			flagGroupsExclusive: []string{"a d", "a b", "a c"},
+			args:                []string{"--a=foo", "--b=foo", "--c=foo"},
+			expectErr:           `if any flags in the group [a b] are set none of the others can be; [a b] were all set`,
+		}, {
+			desc:                "Persistent flags utilize required and exclusive groups and can fail required groups",
+			flagGroupsRequired:  []string{"a e", "e f"},
+			flagGroupsExclusive: []string{"f g"},
+			args:                []string{"--a=foo", "--f=foo", "--g=foo"},
+			expectErr:           `if any flags in the group [a e] are set they must all be set; missing [e]`,
+		}, {
+			desc:                  "Persistent flags utilize one-required and exclusive groups and can fail one-required groups",
+			flagGroupsOneRequired: []string{"a b", "e f"},
+			flagGroupsExclusive:   []string{"e f"},
+			args:                  []string{"--e=foo"},
+			expectErr:             `at least one of the flags in the group [a b] is required`,
+		}, {
+			desc:                "Persistent flags utilize required and exclusive groups and can fail mutually exclusive groups",
+			flagGroupsRequired:  []string{"a e", "e f"},
+			flagGroupsExclusive: []string{"f g"},
+			args:                []string{"--a=foo", "--e=foo", "--f=foo", "--g=foo"},
+			expectErr:           `if any flags in the group [f g] are set none of the others can be; [f g] were all set`,
+		}, {
+			desc:                "Persistent flags utilize required and exclusive groups and can pass",
+			flagGroupsRequired:  []string{"a e", "e f"},
+			flagGroupsExclusive: []string{"f g"},
+			args:                []string{"--a=foo", "--e=foo", "--f=foo"},
+		}, {
+			desc:                  "Persistent flags utilize one-required and exclusive groups and can pass",
+			flagGroupsOneRequired: []string{"a e", "e f"},
+			flagGroupsExclusive:   []string{"f g"},
+			args:                  []string{"--a=foo", "--e=foo", "--f=foo"},
+		}, {
+			desc:                     "Subcmds can use required groups using inherited flags",
+			subCmdFlagGroupsRequired: []string{"e subonly"},
+			args:                     []string{"subcmd", "--e=foo", "--subonly=foo"},
+		}, {
+			desc:                        "Subcmds can use one-required groups using inherited flags",
+			subCmdFlagGroupsOneRequired: []string{"e subonly"},
+			args:                        []string{"subcmd", "--e=foo", "--subonly=foo"},
+		}, {
+			desc:                        "Subcmds can use one-required groups using inherited flags and fail one-required groups",
+			subCmdFlagGroupsOneRequired: []string{"e subonly"},
+			args:                        []string{"subcmd"},
+			expectErr:                   "at least one of the flags in the group [e subonly] is required",
+		}, {
+			desc:                      "Subcmds can use exclusive groups using inherited flags",
+			subCmdFlagGroupsExclusive: []string{"e subonly"},
+			args:                      []string{"subcmd", "--e=foo", "--subonly=foo"},
+			expectErr:                 "if any flags in the group [e subonly] are set none of the others can be; [e subonly] were all set",
+		}, {
+			desc:                      "Subcmds can use exclusive groups using inherited flags and pass",
+			subCmdFlagGroupsExclusive: []string{"e subonly"},
+			args:                      []string{"subcmd", "--e=foo"},
+		}, {
+			desc:                     "Flag groups not applied if not found on invoked command",
+			subCmdFlagGroupsRequired: []string{"e subonly"},
+			args:                     []string{"--e=foo"},
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range testcases {
+		t.Run(tc.desc, func(t *testing.T) {
+			c := getCmd()
+			sub := c.Commands()[0]
+			for _, flagGroup := range tc.flagGroupsRequired {
+				c.MarkFlagsRequiredTogether(strings.Split(flagGroup, " ")...)
+			}
+			for _, flagGroup := range tc.flagGroupsOneRequired {
+				c.MarkFlagsOneRequired(strings.Split(flagGroup, " ")...)
+			}
+			for _, flagGroup := range tc.flagGroupsExclusive {
+				c.MarkFlagsMutuallyExclusive(strings.Split(flagGroup, " ")...)
+			}
+			for _, flagGroup := range tc.subCmdFlagGroupsRequired {
+				sub.MarkFlagsRequiredTogether(strings.Split(flagGroup, " ")...)
+			}
+			for _, flagGroup := range tc.subCmdFlagGroupsOneRequired {
+				sub.MarkFlagsOneRequired(strings.Split(flagGroup, " ")...)
+			}
+			for _, flagGroup := range tc.subCmdFlagGroupsExclusive {
+				sub.MarkFlagsMutuallyExclusive(strings.Split(flagGroup, " ")...)
+			}
+			c.SetArgs(tc.args)
+			err := c.Execute()
+			switch {
+			case err == nil && len(tc.expectErr) > 0:
+				t.Errorf("Expected error %q but got nil", tc.expectErr)
+			case err != nil && err.Error() != tc.expectErr:
+				t.Errorf("Expected error %q but got %q", tc.expectErr, err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a79e66a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+module github.com/spf13/cobra
+
+go 1.15
+
+require (
+	github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2 v2.0.3
+	github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.1.0
+	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.5
+	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1
+)
diff --git a/go.sum b/go.sum
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..871c3a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2 v2.0.3 h1:qMCsGGgs+MAzDFyp9LpAe1Lqy/fY/qCovCm0qnXZOBM=
+github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2 v2.0.3/go.mod h1:tgQtvFlXSQOSOSIRvRPT7W67SCa46tRHOmNcaadrF8o=
+github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.1.0 h1:wN+x4NVGpMsO7ErUn/mUI3vEoE6Jt13X2s0bqwp9tc8=
+github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.1.0/go.mod h1:vpF70FUmC8bwa3OWnCshd2FqLfsEA9PFc4w1p2J65bw=
+github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2 v2.1.0 h1:JIOH55/0cWyOuilr9/qlrm0BSXldqnqwMsf35Ld67mk=
+github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2 v2.1.0/go.mod h1:+Rmxgy9KzJVeS9/2gXHxylqXiyQDYRxCVz55jmeOWTM=
+github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.5 h1:iy+VFUOCP1a+8yFto/drg2CJ5u0yRoB7fZw3DKv/JXA=
+github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.5/go.mod h1:McXfInJRrz4CZXVZOBLb0bTZqETkiAhM9Iw0y3An2Bg=
+gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405 h1:yhCVgyC4o1eVCa2tZl7eS0r+SDo693bJlVdllGtEeKM=
+gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
+gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 h1:fxVm/GzAzEWqLHuvctI91KS9hhNmmWOoWu0XTYJS7CA=
+gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
diff --git a/powershell_completions.go b/powershell_completions.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5519519
--- /dev/null
+++ b/powershell_completions.go
@@ -0,0 +1,325 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+// The generated scripts require PowerShell v5.0+ (which comes Windows 10, but
+// can be downloaded separately for windows 7 or 8.1).
+
+package cobra
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+func genPowerShellComp(buf io.StringWriter, name string, includeDesc bool) {
+	// Variables should not contain a '-' or ':' character
+	nameForVar := name
+	nameForVar = strings.Replace(nameForVar, "-", "_", -1)
+	nameForVar = strings.Replace(nameForVar, ":", "_", -1)
+
+	compCmd := ShellCompRequestCmd
+	if !includeDesc {
+		compCmd = ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd
+	}
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf(`# powershell completion for %-36[1]s -*- shell-script -*-
+
+function __%[1]s_debug {
+    if ($env:BASH_COMP_DEBUG_FILE) {
+        "$args" | Out-File -Append -FilePath "$env:BASH_COMP_DEBUG_FILE"
+    }
+}
+
+filter __%[1]s_escapeStringWithSpecialChars {
+`+"    $_ -replace '\\s|#|@|\\$|;|,|''|\\{|\\}|\\(|\\)|\"|`|\\||<|>|&','`$&'"+`
+}
+
+[scriptblock]${__%[2]sCompleterBlock} = {
+    param(
+            $WordToComplete,
+            $CommandAst,
+            $CursorPosition
+        )
+
+    # Get the current command line and convert into a string
+    $Command = $CommandAst.CommandElements
+    $Command = "$Command"
+
+    __%[1]s_debug ""
+    __%[1]s_debug "========= starting completion logic =========="
+    __%[1]s_debug "WordToComplete: $WordToComplete Command: $Command CursorPosition: $CursorPosition"
+
+    # The user could have moved the cursor backwards on the command-line.
+    # We need to trigger completion from the $CursorPosition location, so we need
+    # to truncate the command-line ($Command) up to the $CursorPosition location.
+    # Make sure the $Command is longer then the $CursorPosition before we truncate.
+    # This happens because the $Command does not include the last space.
+    if ($Command.Length -gt $CursorPosition) {
+        $Command=$Command.Substring(0,$CursorPosition)
+    }
+    __%[1]s_debug "Truncated command: $Command"
+
+    $ShellCompDirectiveError=%[4]d
+    $ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace=%[5]d
+    $ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp=%[6]d
+    $ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt=%[7]d
+    $ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs=%[8]d
+    $ShellCompDirectiveKeepOrder=%[9]d
+
+    # Prepare the command to request completions for the program.
+    # Split the command at the first space to separate the program and arguments.
+    $Program,$Arguments = $Command.Split(" ",2)
+
+    $RequestComp="$Program %[3]s $Arguments"
+    __%[1]s_debug "RequestComp: $RequestComp"
+
+    # we cannot use $WordToComplete because it
+    # has the wrong values if the cursor was moved
+    # so use the last argument
+    if ($WordToComplete -ne "" ) {
+        $WordToComplete = $Arguments.Split(" ")[-1]
+    }
+    __%[1]s_debug "New WordToComplete: $WordToComplete"
+
+
+    # Check for flag with equal sign
+    $IsEqualFlag = ($WordToComplete -Like "--*=*" )
+    if ( $IsEqualFlag ) {
+        __%[1]s_debug "Completing equal sign flag"
+        # Remove the flag part
+        $Flag,$WordToComplete = $WordToComplete.Split("=",2)
+    }
+
+    if ( $WordToComplete -eq "" -And ( -Not $IsEqualFlag )) {
+        # If the last parameter is complete (there is a space following it)
+        # We add an extra empty parameter so we can indicate this to the go method.
+        __%[1]s_debug "Adding extra empty parameter"
+        # PowerShell 7.2+ changed the way how the arguments are passed to executables,
+        # so for pre-7.2 or when Legacy argument passing is enabled we need to use
+`+"        # `\"`\" to pass an empty argument, a \"\" or '' does not work!!!"+`
+        if ($PSVersionTable.PsVersion -lt [version]'7.2.0' -or
+            ($PSVersionTable.PsVersion -lt [version]'7.3.0' -and -not [ExperimentalFeature]::IsEnabled("PSNativeCommandArgumentPassing")) -or
+            (($PSVersionTable.PsVersion -ge [version]'7.3.0' -or [ExperimentalFeature]::IsEnabled("PSNativeCommandArgumentPassing")) -and
+              $PSNativeCommandArgumentPassing -eq 'Legacy')) {
+`+"             $RequestComp=\"$RequestComp\" + ' `\"`\"'"+`
+        } else {
+             $RequestComp="$RequestComp" + ' ""'
+        }
+    }
+
+    __%[1]s_debug "Calling $RequestComp"
+    # First disable ActiveHelp which is not supported for Powershell
+    ${env:%[10]s}=0
+
+    #call the command store the output in $out and redirect stderr and stdout to null
+    # $Out is an array contains each line per element
+    Invoke-Expression -OutVariable out "$RequestComp" 2>&1 | Out-Null
+
+    # get directive from last line
+    [int]$Directive = $Out[-1].TrimStart(':')
+    if ($Directive -eq "") {
+        # There is no directive specified
+        $Directive = 0
+    }
+    __%[1]s_debug "The completion directive is: $Directive"
+
+    # remove directive (last element) from out
+    $Out = $Out | Where-Object { $_ -ne $Out[-1] }
+    __%[1]s_debug "The completions are: $Out"
+
+    if (($Directive -band $ShellCompDirectiveError) -ne 0 ) {
+        # Error code.  No completion.
+        __%[1]s_debug "Received error from custom completion go code"
+        return
+    }
+
+    $Longest = 0
+    [Array]$Values = $Out | ForEach-Object {
+        #Split the output in name and description
+`+"        $Name, $Description = $_.Split(\"`t\",2)"+`
+        __%[1]s_debug "Name: $Name Description: $Description"
+
+        # Look for the longest completion so that we can format things nicely
+        if ($Longest -lt $Name.Length) {
+            $Longest = $Name.Length
+        }
+
+        # Set the description to a one space string if there is none set.
+        # This is needed because the CompletionResult does not accept an empty string as argument
+        if (-Not $Description) {
+            $Description = " "
+        }
+        @{Name="$Name";Description="$Description"}
+    }
+
+
+    $Space = " "
+    if (($Directive -band $ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace) -ne 0 ) {
+        # remove the space here
+        __%[1]s_debug "ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace is called"
+        $Space = ""
+    }
+
+    if ((($Directive -band $ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt) -ne 0 ) -or
+       (($Directive -band $ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs) -ne 0 ))  {
+        __%[1]s_debug "ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs are not supported"
+
+        # return here to prevent the completion of the extensions
+        return
+    }
+
+    $Values = $Values | Where-Object {
+        # filter the result
+        $_.Name -like "$WordToComplete*"
+
+        # Join the flag back if we have an equal sign flag
+        if ( $IsEqualFlag ) {
+            __%[1]s_debug "Join the equal sign flag back to the completion value"
+            $_.Name = $Flag + "=" + $_.Name
+        }
+    }
+
+    # we sort the values in ascending order by name if keep order isn't passed
+    if (($Directive -band $ShellCompDirectiveKeepOrder) -eq 0 ) {
+        $Values = $Values | Sort-Object -Property Name
+    }
+
+    if (($Directive -band $ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp) -ne 0 ) {
+        __%[1]s_debug "ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp is called"
+
+        if ($Values.Length -eq 0) {
+            # Just print an empty string here so the
+            # shell does not start to complete paths.
+            # We cannot use CompletionResult here because
+            # it does not accept an empty string as argument.
+            ""
+            return
+        }
+    }
+
+    # Get the current mode
+    $Mode = (Get-PSReadLineKeyHandler | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "Tab" }).Function
+    __%[1]s_debug "Mode: $Mode"
+
+    $Values | ForEach-Object {
+
+        # store temporary because switch will overwrite $_
+        $comp = $_
+
+        # PowerShell supports three different completion modes
+        # - TabCompleteNext (default windows style - on each key press the next option is displayed)
+        # - Complete (works like bash)
+        # - MenuComplete (works like zsh)
+        # You set the mode with Set-PSReadLineKeyHandler -Key Tab -Function <mode>
+
+        # CompletionResult Arguments:
+        # 1) CompletionText text to be used as the auto completion result
+        # 2) ListItemText   text to be displayed in the suggestion list
+        # 3) ResultType     type of completion result
+        # 4) ToolTip        text for the tooltip with details about the object
+
+        switch ($Mode) {
+
+            # bash like
+            "Complete" {
+
+                if ($Values.Length -eq 1) {
+                    __%[1]s_debug "Only one completion left"
+
+                    # insert space after value
+                    [System.Management.Automation.CompletionResult]::new($($comp.Name | __%[1]s_escapeStringWithSpecialChars) + $Space, "$($comp.Name)", 'ParameterValue', "$($comp.Description)")
+
+                } else {
+                    # Add the proper number of spaces to align the descriptions
+                    while($comp.Name.Length -lt $Longest) {
+                        $comp.Name = $comp.Name + " "
+                    }
+
+                    # Check for empty description and only add parentheses if needed
+                    if ($($comp.Description) -eq " " ) {
+                        $Description = ""
+                    } else {
+                        $Description = "  ($($comp.Description))"
+                    }
+
+                    [System.Management.Automation.CompletionResult]::new("$($comp.Name)$Description", "$($comp.Name)$Description", 'ParameterValue', "$($comp.Description)")
+                }
+             }
+
+            # zsh like
+            "MenuComplete" {
+                # insert space after value
+                # MenuComplete will automatically show the ToolTip of
+                # the highlighted value at the bottom of the suggestions.
+                [System.Management.Automation.CompletionResult]::new($($comp.Name | __%[1]s_escapeStringWithSpecialChars) + $Space, "$($comp.Name)", 'ParameterValue', "$($comp.Description)")
+            }
+
+            # TabCompleteNext and in case we get something unknown
+            Default {
+                # Like MenuComplete but we don't want to add a space here because
+                # the user need to press space anyway to get the completion.
+                # Description will not be shown because that's not possible with TabCompleteNext
+                [System.Management.Automation.CompletionResult]::new($($comp.Name | __%[1]s_escapeStringWithSpecialChars), "$($comp.Name)", 'ParameterValue', "$($comp.Description)")
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+}
+
+Register-ArgumentCompleter -CommandName '%[1]s' -ScriptBlock ${__%[2]sCompleterBlock}
+`, name, nameForVar, compCmd,
+		ShellCompDirectiveError, ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp,
+		ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt, ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs, ShellCompDirectiveKeepOrder, activeHelpEnvVar(name)))
+}
+
+func (c *Command) genPowerShellCompletion(w io.Writer, includeDesc bool) error {
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	genPowerShellComp(buf, c.Name(), includeDesc)
+	_, err := buf.WriteTo(w)
+	return err
+}
+
+func (c *Command) genPowerShellCompletionFile(filename string, includeDesc bool) error {
+	outFile, err := os.Create(filename)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer outFile.Close()
+
+	return c.genPowerShellCompletion(outFile, includeDesc)
+}
+
+// GenPowerShellCompletionFile generates powershell completion file without descriptions.
+func (c *Command) GenPowerShellCompletionFile(filename string) error {
+	return c.genPowerShellCompletionFile(filename, false)
+}
+
+// GenPowerShellCompletion generates powershell completion file without descriptions
+// and writes it to the passed writer.
+func (c *Command) GenPowerShellCompletion(w io.Writer) error {
+	return c.genPowerShellCompletion(w, false)
+}
+
+// GenPowerShellCompletionFileWithDesc generates powershell completion file with descriptions.
+func (c *Command) GenPowerShellCompletionFileWithDesc(filename string) error {
+	return c.genPowerShellCompletionFile(filename, true)
+}
+
+// GenPowerShellCompletionWithDesc generates powershell completion file with descriptions
+// and writes it to the passed writer.
+func (c *Command) GenPowerShellCompletionWithDesc(w io.Writer) error {
+	return c.genPowerShellCompletion(w, true)
+}
diff --git a/powershell_completions_test.go b/powershell_completions_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..603b50c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/powershell_completions_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cobra
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestPwshCompletionNoActiveHelp(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Command{Use: "c", Run: emptyRun}
+
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	assertNoErr(t, c.GenPowerShellCompletion(buf))
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	// check that active help is being disabled
+	activeHelpVar := activeHelpEnvVar(c.Name())
+	check(t, output, fmt.Sprintf("${env:%s}=0", activeHelpVar))
+}
diff --git a/shell_completions.go b/shell_completions.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b035742
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shell_completions.go
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cobra
+
+import (
+	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
+)
+
+// MarkFlagRequired instructs the various shell completion implementations to
+// prioritize the named flag when performing completion,
+// and causes your command to report an error if invoked without the flag.
+func (c *Command) MarkFlagRequired(name string) error {
+	return MarkFlagRequired(c.Flags(), name)
+}
+
+// MarkPersistentFlagRequired instructs the various shell completion implementations to
+// prioritize the named persistent flag when performing completion,
+// and causes your command to report an error if invoked without the flag.
+func (c *Command) MarkPersistentFlagRequired(name string) error {
+	return MarkFlagRequired(c.PersistentFlags(), name)
+}
+
+// MarkFlagRequired instructs the various shell completion implementations to
+// prioritize the named flag when performing completion,
+// and causes your command to report an error if invoked without the flag.
+func MarkFlagRequired(flags *pflag.FlagSet, name string) error {
+	return flags.SetAnnotation(name, BashCompOneRequiredFlag, []string{"true"})
+}
+
+// MarkFlagFilename instructs the various shell completion implementations to
+// limit completions for the named flag to the specified file extensions.
+func (c *Command) MarkFlagFilename(name string, extensions ...string) error {
+	return MarkFlagFilename(c.Flags(), name, extensions...)
+}
+
+// MarkFlagCustom adds the BashCompCustom annotation to the named flag, if it exists.
+// The bash completion script will call the bash function f for the flag.
+//
+// This will only work for bash completion.
+// It is recommended to instead use c.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc(...) which allows
+// to register a Go function which will work across all shells.
+func (c *Command) MarkFlagCustom(name string, f string) error {
+	return MarkFlagCustom(c.Flags(), name, f)
+}
+
+// MarkPersistentFlagFilename instructs the various shell completion
+// implementations to limit completions for the named persistent flag to the
+// specified file extensions.
+func (c *Command) MarkPersistentFlagFilename(name string, extensions ...string) error {
+	return MarkFlagFilename(c.PersistentFlags(), name, extensions...)
+}
+
+// MarkFlagFilename instructs the various shell completion implementations to
+// limit completions for the named flag to the specified file extensions.
+func MarkFlagFilename(flags *pflag.FlagSet, name string, extensions ...string) error {
+	return flags.SetAnnotation(name, BashCompFilenameExt, extensions)
+}
+
+// MarkFlagCustom adds the BashCompCustom annotation to the named flag, if it exists.
+// The bash completion script will call the bash function f for the flag.
+//
+// This will only work for bash completion.
+// It is recommended to instead use c.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc(...) which allows
+// to register a Go function which will work across all shells.
+func MarkFlagCustom(flags *pflag.FlagSet, name string, f string) error {
+	return flags.SetAnnotation(name, BashCompCustom, []string{f})
+}
+
+// MarkFlagDirname instructs the various shell completion implementations to
+// limit completions for the named flag to directory names.
+func (c *Command) MarkFlagDirname(name string) error {
+	return MarkFlagDirname(c.Flags(), name)
+}
+
+// MarkPersistentFlagDirname instructs the various shell completion
+// implementations to limit completions for the named persistent flag to
+// directory names.
+func (c *Command) MarkPersistentFlagDirname(name string) error {
+	return MarkFlagDirname(c.PersistentFlags(), name)
+}
+
+// MarkFlagDirname instructs the various shell completion implementations to
+// limit completions for the named flag to directory names.
+func MarkFlagDirname(flags *pflag.FlagSet, name string) error {
+	return flags.SetAnnotation(name, BashCompSubdirsInDir, []string{})
+}
diff --git a/site/content/active_help.md b/site/content/active_help.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d72acc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/site/content/active_help.md
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+# Active Help
+
+Active Help is a framework provided by Cobra which allows a program to define messages (hints, warnings, etc) that will be printed during program usage.  It aims to make it easier for your users to learn how to use your program.  If configured by the program, Active Help is printed when the user triggers shell completion.
+
+For example, 
+```
+bash-5.1$ helm repo add [tab]
+You must choose a name for the repo you are adding.
+
+bash-5.1$ bin/helm package [tab]
+Please specify the path to the chart to package
+
+bash-5.1$ bin/helm package [tab][tab]
+bin/    internal/    scripts/    pkg/     testdata/
+```
+
+**Hint**: A good place to use Active Help messages is when the normal completion system does not provide any suggestions. In such cases, Active Help nicely supplements the normal shell completions to guide the user in knowing what is expected by the program.
+## Supported shells
+
+Active Help is currently only supported for the following shells:
+- Bash (using [bash completion V2](shell_completions.md#bash-completion-v2) only). Note that bash 4.4 or higher is required for the prompt to appear when an Active Help message is printed.
+- Zsh
+
+## Adding Active Help messages
+
+As Active Help uses the shell completion system, the implementation of Active Help messages is done by enhancing custom dynamic completions.  If you are not familiar with dynamic completions, please refer to [Shell Completions](shell_completions.md).
+
+Adding Active Help is done through the use of the `cobra.AppendActiveHelp(...)` function, where the program repeatedly adds Active Help messages to the list of completions.  Keep reading for details.
+
+### Active Help for nouns
+
+Adding Active Help when completing a noun is done within the `ValidArgsFunction(...)` of a command.  Please notice the use of `cobra.AppendActiveHelp(...)` in the following example:
+
+```go
+cmd := &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "add [NAME] [URL]",
+	Short: "add a chart repository",
+	Args:  require.ExactArgs(2),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		return addRepo(args)
+	},
+	ValidArgsFunction: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, cobra.ShellCompDirective) {
+		var comps []string
+		if len(args) == 0 {
+			comps = cobra.AppendActiveHelp(comps, "You must choose a name for the repo you are adding")
+		} else if len(args) == 1 {
+			comps = cobra.AppendActiveHelp(comps, "You must specify the URL for the repo you are adding")
+		} else {
+			comps = cobra.AppendActiveHelp(comps, "This command does not take any more arguments")
+		}
+		return comps, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+	},
+}
+```
+The example above defines the completions (none, in this specific example) as well as the Active Help messages for the `helm repo add` command.  It yields the following behavior:
+```
+bash-5.1$ helm repo add [tab]
+You must choose a name for the repo you are adding
+
+bash-5.1$ helm repo add grafana [tab]
+You must specify the URL for the repo you are adding
+
+bash-5.1$ helm repo add grafana https://grafana.github.io/helm-charts [tab]
+This command does not take any more arguments
+```
+**Hint**: As can be seen in the above example, a good place to use Active Help messages is when the normal completion system does not provide any suggestions. In such cases, Active Help nicely supplements the normal shell completions.
+
+### Active Help for flags
+
+Providing Active Help for flags is done in the same fashion as for nouns, but using the completion function registered for the flag.  For example:
+```go
+_ = cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("version", func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, cobra.ShellCompDirective) {
+		if len(args) != 2 {
+			return cobra.AppendActiveHelp(nil, "You must first specify the chart to install before the --version flag can be completed"), cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+		}
+		return compVersionFlag(args[1], toComplete)
+	})
+```
+The example above prints an Active Help message when not enough information was given by the user to complete the `--version` flag.
+```
+bash-5.1$ bin/helm install myrelease --version 2.0.[tab]
+You must first specify the chart to install before the --version flag can be completed
+
+bash-5.1$ bin/helm install myrelease bitnami/solr --version 2.0.[tab][tab]
+2.0.1  2.0.2  2.0.3
+```
+
+## User control of Active Help
+
+You may want to allow your users to disable Active Help or choose between different levels of Active Help.  It is entirely up to the program to define the type of configurability of Active Help that it wants to offer, if any.
+Allowing to configure Active Help is entirely optional; you can use Active Help in your program without doing anything about Active Help configuration.
+
+The way to configure Active Help is to use the program's Active Help environment
+variable.  That variable is named `<PROGRAM>_ACTIVE_HELP` where `<PROGRAM>` is the name of your 
+program in uppercase with any non-ASCII-alphanumeric characters replaced by an `_`.  The variable should be set by the user to whatever
+Active Help configuration values are supported by the program.
+
+For example, say `helm` has chosen to support three levels for Active Help: `on`, `off`, `local`.  Then a user
+would set the desired behavior to `local` by doing `export HELM_ACTIVE_HELP=local` in their shell.
+
+For simplicity, when in `cmd.ValidArgsFunction(...)` or a flag's completion function, the program should read the
+Active Help configuration using the `cobra.GetActiveHelpConfig(cmd)` function and select what Active Help messages
+should or should not be added (instead of reading the environment variable directly).
+
+For example:
+```go
+ValidArgsFunction: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, cobra.ShellCompDirective) {
+	activeHelpLevel := cobra.GetActiveHelpConfig(cmd)
+
+	var comps []string
+	if len(args) == 0 {
+		if activeHelpLevel != "off"  {
+			comps = cobra.AppendActiveHelp(comps, "You must choose a name for the repo you are adding")
+		}
+	} else if len(args) == 1 {
+		if activeHelpLevel != "off" {
+			comps = cobra.AppendActiveHelp(comps, "You must specify the URL for the repo you are adding")
+		}
+	} else {
+		if activeHelpLevel == "local" {
+			comps = cobra.AppendActiveHelp(comps, "This command does not take any more arguments")
+		}
+	}
+	return comps, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+},
+```
+**Note 1**: If the `<PROGRAM>_ACTIVE_HELP` environment variable is set to the string "0", Cobra will automatically disable all Active Help output (even if some output was specified by the program using the `cobra.AppendActiveHelp(...)` function).  Using "0" can simplify your code in situations where you want to blindly disable Active Help without having to call `cobra.GetActiveHelpConfig(cmd)` explicitly.
+
+**Note 2**: If a user wants to disable Active Help for every single program based on Cobra, she can set the environment variable `COBRA_ACTIVE_HELP` to "0".  In this case `cobra.GetActiveHelpConfig(cmd)` will return "0" no matter what the variable `<PROGRAM>_ACTIVE_HELP` is set to.
+
+**Note 3**: If the user does not set `<PROGRAM>_ACTIVE_HELP` or `COBRA_ACTIVE_HELP` (which will be a common case), the default value for the Active Help configuration returned by `cobra.GetActiveHelpConfig(cmd)` will be the empty string. 
+## Active Help with Cobra's default completion command
+
+Cobra provides a default `completion` command for programs that wish to use it.
+When using the default `completion` command, Active Help is configurable in the same
+fashion as described above using environment variables.  You may wish to document this in more
+details for your users.
+
+## Debugging Active Help
+
+Debugging your Active Help code is done in the same way as debugging your dynamic completion code, which is with Cobra's hidden `__complete` command.  Please refer to [debugging shell completion](shell_completions.md#debugging) for details.
+
+When debugging with the `__complete` command, if you want to specify different Active Help configurations, you should use the active help environment variable.  That variable is named `<PROGRAM>_ACTIVE_HELP` where any non-ASCII-alphanumeric characters are replaced by an `_`.  For example, we can test deactivating some Active Help as shown below:
+```
+$ HELM_ACTIVE_HELP=1 bin/helm __complete install wordpress bitnami/h<ENTER>
+bitnami/haproxy
+bitnami/harbor
+_activeHelp_ WARNING: cannot re-use a name that is still in use
+:0
+Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+
+$ HELM_ACTIVE_HELP=0 bin/helm __complete install wordpress bitnami/h<ENTER>
+bitnami/haproxy
+bitnami/harbor
+:0
+Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+```
diff --git a/site/content/completions/_index.md b/site/content/completions/_index.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4efad29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/site/content/completions/_index.md
@@ -0,0 +1,576 @@
+# Generating shell completions
+
+Cobra can generate shell completions for multiple shells.
+The currently supported shells are:
+- Bash
+- Zsh
+- fish
+- PowerShell
+
+Cobra will automatically provide your program with a fully functional `completion` command,
+similarly to how it provides the `help` command.
+
+## Creating your own completion command
+
+If you do not wish to use the default `completion` command, you can choose to
+provide your own, which will take precedence over the default one. (This also provides
+backwards-compatibility with programs that already have their own `completion` command.)
+
+If you are using the `cobra-cli` generator,
+which can be found at [spf13/cobra-cli](https://github.com/spf13/cobra-cli),
+you can create a completion command by running
+
+```bash
+cobra-cli add completion
+```
+and then modifying the generated `cmd/completion.go` file to look something like this
+(writing the shell script to stdout allows the most flexible use):
+
+```go
+var completionCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "completion [bash|zsh|fish|powershell]",
+	Short: "Generate completion script",
+	Long: fmt.Sprintf(`To load completions:
+
+Bash:
+
+  $ source <(%[1]s completion bash)
+
+  # To load completions for each session, execute once:
+  # Linux:
+  $ %[1]s completion bash > /etc/bash_completion.d/%[1]s
+  # macOS:
+  $ %[1]s completion bash > $(brew --prefix)/etc/bash_completion.d/%[1]s
+
+Zsh:
+
+  # If shell completion is not already enabled in your environment,
+  # you will need to enable it.  You can execute the following once:
+
+  $ echo "autoload -U compinit; compinit" >> ~/.zshrc
+
+  # To load completions for each session, execute once:
+  $ %[1]s completion zsh > "${fpath[1]}/_%[1]s"
+
+  # You will need to start a new shell for this setup to take effect.
+
+fish:
+
+  $ %[1]s completion fish | source
+
+  # To load completions for each session, execute once:
+  $ %[1]s completion fish > ~/.config/fish/completions/%[1]s.fish
+
+PowerShell:
+
+  PS> %[1]s completion powershell | Out-String | Invoke-Expression
+
+  # To load completions for every new session, run:
+  PS> %[1]s completion powershell > %[1]s.ps1
+  # and source this file from your PowerShell profile.
+`,cmd.Root().Name()),
+	DisableFlagsInUseLine: true,
+	ValidArgs:             []string{"bash", "zsh", "fish", "powershell"},
+	Args:                  cobra.MatchAll(cobra.ExactArgs(1), cobra.OnlyValidArgs),
+	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+		switch args[0] {
+		case "bash":
+			cmd.Root().GenBashCompletion(os.Stdout)
+		case "zsh":
+			cmd.Root().GenZshCompletion(os.Stdout)
+		case "fish":
+			cmd.Root().GenFishCompletion(os.Stdout, true)
+		case "powershell":
+			cmd.Root().GenPowerShellCompletionWithDesc(os.Stdout)
+		}
+	},
+}
+```
+
+**Note:** The cobra generator may include messages printed to stdout, for example, if the config file is loaded; this will break the auto-completion script so must be removed.
+
+## Adapting the default completion command
+
+Cobra provides a few options for the default `completion` command.  To configure such options you must set
+the `CompletionOptions` field on the *root* command.
+
+To tell Cobra *not* to provide the default `completion` command:
+```
+rootCmd.CompletionOptions.DisableDefaultCmd = true
+```
+
+To tell Cobra to mark the default `completion` command as *hidden*:
+```
+rootCmd.CompletionOptions.HiddenDefaultCmd = true
+```
+
+To tell Cobra *not* to provide the user with the `--no-descriptions` flag to the completion sub-commands:
+```
+rootCmd.CompletionOptions.DisableNoDescFlag = true
+```
+
+To tell Cobra to completely disable descriptions for completions:
+```
+rootCmd.CompletionOptions.DisableDescriptions = true
+```
+
+# Customizing completions
+
+The generated completion scripts will automatically handle completing commands and flags.  However, you can make your completions much more powerful by providing information to complete your program's nouns and flag values.
+
+## Completion of nouns
+
+### Static completion of nouns
+
+Cobra allows you to provide a pre-defined list of completion choices for your nouns using the `ValidArgs` field.
+For example, if you want `kubectl get [tab][tab]` to show a list of valid "nouns" you have to set them.
+Some simplified code from `kubectl get` looks like:
+
+```go
+validArgs = []string{ "pod", "node", "service", "replicationcontroller" }
+
+cmd := &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "get [(-o|--output=)json|yaml|template|...] (RESOURCE [NAME] | RESOURCE/NAME ...)",
+	Short:   "Display one or many resources",
+	Long:    get_long,
+	Example: get_example,
+	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+		cobra.CheckErr(RunGet(f, out, cmd, args))
+	},
+	ValidArgs: validArgs,
+}
+```
+
+Notice we put the `ValidArgs` field on the `get` sub-command. Doing so will give results like:
+
+```bash
+$ kubectl get [tab][tab]
+node   pod   replicationcontroller   service
+```
+
+#### Aliases for nouns
+
+If your nouns have aliases, you can define them alongside `ValidArgs` using `ArgAliases`:
+
+```go
+argAliases = []string { "pods", "nodes", "services", "svc", "replicationcontrollers", "rc" }
+
+cmd := &cobra.Command{
+    ...
+	ValidArgs:  validArgs,
+	ArgAliases: argAliases
+}
+```
+
+The aliases are shown to the user on tab completion only if no completions were found within sub-commands or `ValidArgs`.
+
+### Dynamic completion of nouns
+
+In some cases it is not possible to provide a list of completions in advance.  Instead, the list of completions must be determined at execution-time. In a similar fashion as for static completions, you can use the `ValidArgsFunction` field to provide a Go function that Cobra will execute when it needs the list of completion choices for the nouns of a command.  Note that either `ValidArgs` or `ValidArgsFunction` can be used for a single cobra command, but not both.
+Simplified code from `helm status` looks like:
+
+```go
+cmd := &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "status RELEASE_NAME",
+	Short: "Display the status of the named release",
+	Long:  status_long,
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+		RunGet(args[0])
+	},
+	ValidArgsFunction: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, cobra.ShellCompDirective) {
+		if len(args) != 0 {
+			return nil, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+		}
+		return getReleasesFromCluster(toComplete), cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+	},
+}
+```
+Where `getReleasesFromCluster()` is a Go function that obtains the list of current Helm releases running on the Kubernetes cluster.
+Notice we put the `ValidArgsFunction` on the `status` sub-command. Let's assume the Helm releases on the cluster are: `harbor`, `notary`, `rook` and `thanos` then this dynamic completion will give results like:
+
+```bash
+$ helm status [tab][tab]
+harbor notary rook thanos
+```
+You may have noticed the use of `cobra.ShellCompDirective`.  These directives are bit fields allowing to control some shell completion behaviors for your particular completion.  You can combine them with the bit-or operator such as `cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace | cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp`
+```go
+// Indicates that the shell will perform its default behavior after completions
+// have been provided (this implies none of the other directives).
+ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+
+// Indicates an error occurred and completions should be ignored.
+ShellCompDirectiveError
+
+// Indicates that the shell should not add a space after the completion,
+// even if there is a single completion provided.
+ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace
+
+// Indicates that the shell should not provide file completion even when
+// no completion is provided.
+ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+
+// Indicates that the returned completions should be used as file extension filters.
+// For example, to complete only files of the form *.json or *.yaml:
+//    return []string{"yaml", "json"}, ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt
+// For flags, using MarkFlagFilename() and MarkPersistentFlagFilename()
+// is a shortcut to using this directive explicitly.
+//
+ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt
+
+// Indicates that only directory names should be provided in file completion.
+// For example:
+//    return nil, ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs
+// For flags, using MarkFlagDirname() is a shortcut to using this directive explicitly.
+//
+// To request directory names within another directory, the returned completions
+// should specify a single directory name within which to search. For example,
+// to complete directories within "themes/":
+//    return []string{"themes"}, ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs
+//
+ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs
+
+// ShellCompDirectiveKeepOrder indicates that the shell should preserve the order
+// in which the completions are provided
+ShellCompDirectiveKeepOrder
+```
+
+***Note***: When using the `ValidArgsFunction`, Cobra will call your registered function after having parsed all flags and arguments provided in the command-line.  You therefore don't need to do this parsing yourself.  For example, when a user calls `helm status --namespace my-rook-ns [tab][tab]`, Cobra will call your registered `ValidArgsFunction` after having parsed the `--namespace` flag, as it would have done when calling the `RunE` function.
+
+#### Debugging
+
+Cobra achieves dynamic completion through the use of a hidden command called by the completion script.  To debug your Go completion code, you can call this hidden command directly:
+```bash
+$ helm __complete status har<ENTER>
+harbor
+:4
+Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp # This is on stderr
+```
+***Important:*** If the noun to complete is empty (when the user has not yet typed any letters of that noun), you must pass an empty parameter to the `__complete` command:
+```bash
+$ helm __complete status ""<ENTER>
+harbor
+notary
+rook
+thanos
+:4
+Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp # This is on stderr
+```
+Calling the `__complete` command directly allows you to run the Go debugger to troubleshoot your code.  You can also add printouts to your code; Cobra provides the following functions to use for printouts in Go completion code:
+```go
+// Prints to the completion script debug file (if BASH_COMP_DEBUG_FILE
+// is set to a file path) and optionally prints to stderr.
+cobra.CompDebug(msg string, printToStdErr bool) {
+cobra.CompDebugln(msg string, printToStdErr bool)
+
+// Prints to the completion script debug file (if BASH_COMP_DEBUG_FILE
+// is set to a file path) and to stderr.
+cobra.CompError(msg string)
+cobra.CompErrorln(msg string)
+```
+***Important:*** You should **not** leave traces that print directly to stdout in your completion code as they will be interpreted as completion choices by the completion script.  Instead, use the cobra-provided debugging traces functions mentioned above.
+
+## Completions for flags
+
+### Mark flags as required
+
+Most of the time completions will only show sub-commands. But if a flag is required to make a sub-command work, you probably want it to show up when the user types [tab][tab].  You can mark a flag as 'Required' like so:
+
+```go
+cmd.MarkFlagRequired("pod")
+cmd.MarkFlagRequired("container")
+```
+
+and you'll get something like
+
+```bash
+$ kubectl exec [tab][tab]
+-c            --container=  -p            --pod=
+```
+
+### Specify dynamic flag completion
+
+As for nouns, Cobra provides a way of defining dynamic completion of flags.  To provide a Go function that Cobra will execute when it needs the list of completion choices for a flag, you must register the function using the `command.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc()` function.
+
+```go
+flagName := "output"
+cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc(flagName, func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, cobra.ShellCompDirective) {
+	return []string{"json", "table", "yaml"}, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+})
+```
+Notice that calling `RegisterFlagCompletionFunc()` is done through the `command` with which the flag is associated.  In our example this dynamic completion will give results like so:
+
+```bash
+$ helm status --output [tab][tab]
+json table yaml
+```
+
+#### Debugging
+
+You can also easily debug your Go completion code for flags:
+```bash
+$ helm __complete status --output ""
+json
+table
+yaml
+:4
+Completion ended with directive: ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp # This is on stderr
+```
+***Important:*** You should **not** leave traces that print to stdout in your completion code as they will be interpreted as completion choices by the completion script.  Instead, use the cobra-provided debugging traces functions mentioned further above.
+
+### Specify valid filename extensions for flags that take a filename
+
+To limit completions of flag values to file names with certain extensions you can either use the different `MarkFlagFilename()` functions or a combination of `RegisterFlagCompletionFunc()` and `ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt`, like so:
+```go
+flagName := "output"
+cmd.MarkFlagFilename(flagName, "yaml", "json")
+```
+or
+```go
+flagName := "output"
+cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc(flagName, func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, cobra.ShellCompDirective) {
+	return []string{"yaml", "json"}, ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt})
+```
+
+### Limit flag completions to directory names
+
+To limit completions of flag values to directory names you can either use the `MarkFlagDirname()` functions or a combination of `RegisterFlagCompletionFunc()` and `ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs`, like so:
+```go
+flagName := "output"
+cmd.MarkFlagDirname(flagName)
+```
+or
+```go
+flagName := "output"
+cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc(flagName, func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, cobra.ShellCompDirective) {
+	return nil, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs
+})
+```
+To limit completions of flag values to directory names *within another directory* you can use a combination of `RegisterFlagCompletionFunc()` and `ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs` like so:
+```go
+flagName := "output"
+cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc(flagName, func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, cobra.ShellCompDirective) {
+	return []string{"themes"}, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs
+})
+```
+### Descriptions for completions
+
+Cobra provides support for completion descriptions.  Such descriptions are supported for each shell
+(however, for bash, it is only available in the [completion V2 version](#bash-completion-v2)).
+For commands and flags, Cobra will provide the descriptions automatically, based on usage information.
+For example, using zsh:
+```
+$ helm s[tab]
+search  -- search for a keyword in charts
+show    -- show information of a chart
+status  -- displays the status of the named release
+```
+while using fish:
+```
+$ helm s[tab]
+search  (search for a keyword in charts)  show  (show information of a chart)  status  (displays the status of the named release)
+```
+
+Cobra allows you to add descriptions to your own completions.  Simply add the description text after each completion, following a `\t` separator.  This technique applies to completions returned by `ValidArgs`, `ValidArgsFunction` and `RegisterFlagCompletionFunc()`.  For example:
+```go
+ValidArgsFunction: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, cobra.ShellCompDirective) {
+	return []string{"harbor\tAn image registry", "thanos\tLong-term metrics"}, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+}}
+```
+or
+```go
+ValidArgs: []string{"bash\tCompletions for bash", "zsh\tCompletions for zsh"}
+```
+
+If you don't want to show descriptions in the completions, you can add `--no-descriptions` to the default `completion` command to disable them, like:
+
+```bash
+$ source <(helm completion bash)
+$ helm completion [tab][tab]
+bash        (generate autocompletion script for bash)        powershell  (generate autocompletion script for powershell)
+fish        (generate autocompletion script for fish)        zsh         (generate autocompletion script for zsh)
+
+$ source <(helm completion bash --no-descriptions)
+$ helm completion [tab][tab]
+bash        fish        powershell  zsh
+```
+## Bash completions
+
+### Dependencies
+
+The bash completion script generated by Cobra requires the `bash_completion` package. You should update the help text of your completion command to show how to install the `bash_completion` package ([Kubectl docs](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl/#enabling-shell-autocompletion))
+
+### Aliases
+
+You can also configure `bash` aliases for your program and they will also support completions.
+
+```bash
+alias aliasname=origcommand
+complete -o default -F __start_origcommand aliasname
+
+# and now when you run `aliasname` completion will make
+# suggestions as it did for `origcommand`.
+
+$ aliasname <tab><tab>
+completion     firstcommand   secondcommand
+```
+### Bash legacy dynamic completions
+
+For backward compatibility, Cobra still supports its bash legacy dynamic completion solution.
+Please refer to [Bash Completions](bash.md) for details.
+
+### Bash completion V2
+
+Cobra provides two versions for bash completion.  The original bash completion (which started it all!) can be used by calling
+`GenBashCompletion()` or `GenBashCompletionFile()`.
+
+A new V2 bash completion version is also available.  This version can be used by calling `GenBashCompletionV2()` or
+`GenBashCompletionFileV2()`.  The V2 version does **not** support the legacy dynamic completion
+(see [Bash Completions](bash.md)) but instead works only with the Go dynamic completion
+solution described in this document.
+Unless your program already uses the legacy dynamic completion solution, it is recommended that you use the bash
+completion V2 solution which provides the following extra features:
+- Supports completion descriptions (like the other shells)
+- Small completion script of less than 300 lines (v1 generates scripts of thousands of lines; `kubectl` for example has a bash v1 completion script of over 13K lines)
+- Streamlined user experience thanks to a completion behavior aligned with the other shells
+
+`Bash` completion V2 supports descriptions for completions. When calling `GenBashCompletionV2()` or `GenBashCompletionFileV2()`
+you must provide these functions with a parameter indicating if the completions should be annotated with a description; Cobra
+will provide the description automatically based on usage information.  You can choose to make this option configurable by
+your users.
+
+```
+# With descriptions
+$ helm s[tab][tab]
+search  (search for a keyword in charts)           status  (display the status of the named release)
+show    (show information of a chart)
+
+# Without descriptions
+$ helm s[tab][tab]
+search  show  status
+```
+**Note**: Cobra's default `completion` command uses bash completion V2.  If for some reason you need to use bash completion V1, you will need to implement your own `completion` command.
+## Zsh completions
+
+Cobra supports native zsh completion generated from the root `cobra.Command`.
+The generated completion script should be put somewhere in your `$fpath` and be named
+`_<yourProgram>`.  You will need to start a new shell for the completions to become available.
+
+Zsh supports descriptions for completions. Cobra will provide the description automatically,
+based on usage information. Cobra provides a way to completely disable such descriptions by
+using `GenZshCompletionNoDesc()` or `GenZshCompletionFileNoDesc()`. You can choose to make
+this a configurable option to your users.
+```
+# With descriptions
+$ helm s[tab]
+search  -- search for a keyword in charts
+show    -- show information of a chart
+status  -- displays the status of the named release
+
+# Without descriptions
+$ helm s[tab]
+search  show  status
+```
+*Note*: Because of backward-compatibility requirements, we were forced to have a different API to disable completion descriptions between `zsh` and `fish`.
+
+### Limitations
+
+* Custom completions implemented in Bash scripting (legacy) are not supported and will be ignored for `zsh` (including the use of the `BashCompCustom` flag annotation).
+  * You should instead use `ValidArgsFunction` and `RegisterFlagCompletionFunc()` which are portable to the different shells (`bash`, `zsh`, `fish`, `powershell`).
+* The function `MarkFlagCustom()` is not supported and will be ignored for `zsh`.
+  * You should instead use `RegisterFlagCompletionFunc()`.
+
+### Zsh completions standardization
+
+Cobra 1.1 standardized its zsh completion support to align it with its other shell completions.  Although the API was kept backward-compatible, some small changes in behavior were introduced.
+Please refer to [Zsh Completions](zsh.md) for details.
+
+## fish completions
+
+Cobra supports native fish completions generated from the root `cobra.Command`.  You can use the `command.GenFishCompletion()` or `command.GenFishCompletionFile()` functions. You must provide these functions with a parameter indicating if the completions should be annotated with a description; Cobra will provide the description automatically based on usage information.  You can choose to make this option configurable by your users.
+```
+# With descriptions
+$ helm s[tab]
+search  (search for a keyword in charts)  show  (show information of a chart)  status  (displays the status of the named release)
+
+# Without descriptions
+$ helm s[tab]
+search  show  status
+```
+*Note*: Because of backward-compatibility requirements, we were forced to have a different API to disable completion descriptions between `zsh` and `fish`.
+
+### Limitations
+
+* Custom completions implemented in bash scripting (legacy) are not supported and will be ignored for `fish` (including the use of the `BashCompCustom` flag annotation).
+  * You should instead use `ValidArgsFunction` and `RegisterFlagCompletionFunc()` which are portable to the different shells (`bash`, `zsh`, `fish`, `powershell`).
+* The function `MarkFlagCustom()` is not supported and will be ignored for `fish`.
+  * You should instead use `RegisterFlagCompletionFunc()`.
+* The following flag completion annotations are not supported and will be ignored for `fish`:
+  * `BashCompFilenameExt` (filtering by file extension)
+  * `BashCompSubdirsInDir` (filtering by directory)
+* The functions corresponding to the above annotations are consequently not supported and will be ignored for `fish`:
+  * `MarkFlagFilename()` and `MarkPersistentFlagFilename()` (filtering by file extension)
+  * `MarkFlagDirname()` and `MarkPersistentFlagDirname()` (filtering by directory)
+* Similarly, the following completion directives are not supported and will be ignored for `fish`:
+  * `ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt` (filtering by file extension)
+  * `ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs` (filtering by directory)
+
+## PowerShell completions
+
+Cobra supports native PowerShell completions generated from the root `cobra.Command`. You can use the `command.GenPowerShellCompletion()` or `command.GenPowerShellCompletionFile()` functions. To include descriptions use `command.GenPowerShellCompletionWithDesc()` and `command.GenPowerShellCompletionFileWithDesc()`. Cobra will provide the description automatically based on usage information. You can choose to make this option configurable by your users.
+
+The script is designed to support all three PowerShell completion modes:
+
+* TabCompleteNext (default windows style - on each key press the next option is displayed)
+* Complete (works like bash)
+* MenuComplete (works like zsh)
+
+You set the mode with `Set-PSReadLineKeyHandler -Key Tab -Function <mode>`. Descriptions are only displayed when using the `Complete` or `MenuComplete` mode.
+
+Users need PowerShell version 5.0 or above, which comes with Windows 10 and can be downloaded separately for Windows 7 or 8.1. They can then write the completions to a file and source this file from their PowerShell profile, which is referenced by the `$Profile` environment variable. See `Get-Help about_Profiles` for more info about PowerShell profiles.
+
+```
+# With descriptions and Mode 'Complete'
+$ helm s[tab]
+search  (search for a keyword in charts)  show  (show information of a chart)  status  (displays the status of the named release)
+
+# With descriptions and Mode 'MenuComplete' The description of the current selected value will be displayed below the suggestions.
+$ helm s[tab]
+search    show     status
+
+search for a keyword in charts
+
+# Without descriptions
+$ helm s[tab]
+search  show  status
+```
+### Aliases
+
+You can also configure `powershell` aliases for your program and they will also support completions.
+
+```
+$ sal aliasname origcommand
+$ Register-ArgumentCompleter -CommandName 'aliasname' -ScriptBlock $__origcommandCompleterBlock
+
+# and now when you run `aliasname` completion will make
+# suggestions as it did for `origcommand`.
+
+$ aliasname <tab>
+completion     firstcommand   secondcommand
+```
+The name of the completer block variable is of the form `$__<programName>CompleterBlock` where every `-` and `:` in the program name have been replaced with `_`, to respect powershell naming syntax.
+
+### Limitations
+
+* Custom completions implemented in bash scripting (legacy) are not supported and will be ignored for `powershell` (including the use of the `BashCompCustom` flag annotation).
+  * You should instead use `ValidArgsFunction` and `RegisterFlagCompletionFunc()` which are portable to the different shells (`bash`, `zsh`, `fish`, `powershell`).
+* The function `MarkFlagCustom()` is not supported and will be ignored for `powershell`.
+  * You should instead use `RegisterFlagCompletionFunc()`.
+* The following flag completion annotations are not supported and will be ignored for `powershell`:
+  * `BashCompFilenameExt` (filtering by file extension)
+  * `BashCompSubdirsInDir` (filtering by directory)
+* The functions corresponding to the above annotations are consequently not supported and will be ignored for `powershell`:
+  * `MarkFlagFilename()` and `MarkPersistentFlagFilename()` (filtering by file extension)
+  * `MarkFlagDirname()` and `MarkPersistentFlagDirname()` (filtering by directory)
+* Similarly, the following completion directives are not supported and will be ignored for `powershell`:
+  * `ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt` (filtering by file extension)
+  * `ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs` (filtering by directory)
diff --git a/site/content/completions/bash.md b/site/content/completions/bash.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6838a3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/site/content/completions/bash.md
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+# Generating Bash Completions For Your cobra.Command
+
+Please refer to [Shell Completions](_index.md) for details.
+
+## Bash legacy dynamic completions
+
+For backward compatibility, Cobra still supports its legacy dynamic completion solution (described below).  Unlike the `ValidArgsFunction` solution, the legacy solution will only work for Bash shell-completion and not for other shells. This legacy solution can be used along-side `ValidArgsFunction` and `RegisterFlagCompletionFunc()`, as long as both solutions are not used for the same command.  This provides a path to gradually migrate from the legacy solution to the new solution.
+
+**Note**: Cobra's default `completion` command uses bash completion V2.  If you are currently using Cobra's legacy dynamic completion solution, you should not use the default `completion` command but continue using your own.
+
+The legacy solution allows you to inject bash functions into the bash completion script.  Those bash functions are responsible for providing the completion choices for your own completions.
+
+Some code that works in kubernetes:
+
+```bash
+const (
+        bash_completion_func = `__kubectl_parse_get()
+{
+    local kubectl_output out
+    if kubectl_output=$(kubectl get --no-headers "$1" 2>/dev/null); then
+        out=($(echo "${kubectl_output}" | awk '{print $1}'))
+        COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "${out[*]}" -- "$cur" ) )
+    fi
+}
+
+__kubectl_get_resource()
+{
+    if [[ ${#nouns[@]} -eq 0 ]]; then
+        return 1
+    fi
+    __kubectl_parse_get ${nouns[${#nouns[@]} -1]}
+    if [[ $? -eq 0 ]]; then
+        return 0
+    fi
+}
+
+__kubectl_custom_func() {
+    case ${last_command} in
+        kubectl_get | kubectl_describe | kubectl_delete | kubectl_stop)
+            __kubectl_get_resource
+            return
+            ;;
+        *)
+            ;;
+    esac
+}
+`)
+```
+
+And then I set that in my command definition:
+
+```go
+cmds := &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "kubectl",
+	Short: "kubectl controls the Kubernetes cluster manager",
+	Long: `kubectl controls the Kubernetes cluster manager.
+
+Find more information at https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes.`,
+	Run: runHelp,
+	BashCompletionFunction: bash_completion_func,
+}
+```
+
+The `BashCompletionFunction` option is really only valid/useful on the root command. Doing the above will cause `__kubectl_custom_func()` (`__<command-use>_custom_func()`) to be called when the built in processor was unable to find a solution. In the case of kubernetes a valid command might look something like `kubectl get pod [mypod]`. If you type `kubectl get pod [tab][tab]` the `__kubectl_customc_func()` will run because the cobra.Command only understood "kubectl" and "get." `__kubectl_custom_func()` will see that the cobra.Command is "kubectl_get" and will thus call another helper `__kubectl_get_resource()`.  `__kubectl_get_resource` will look at the 'nouns' collected. In our example the only noun will be `pod`.  So it will call `__kubectl_parse_get pod`.  `__kubectl_parse_get` will actually call out to kubernetes and get any pods.  It will then set `COMPREPLY` to valid pods!
+
+Similarly, for flags:
+
+```go
+	annotation := make(map[string][]string)
+	annotation[cobra.BashCompCustom] = []string{"__kubectl_get_namespaces"}
+
+	flag := &pflag.Flag{
+		Name:        "namespace",
+		Usage:       usage,
+		Annotations: annotation,
+	}
+	cmd.Flags().AddFlag(flag)
+```
+
+In addition add the `__kubectl_get_namespaces` implementation in the `BashCompletionFunction`
+value, e.g.:
+
+```bash
+__kubectl_get_namespaces()
+{
+    local template
+    template="{{ range .items  }}{{ .metadata.name }} {{ end }}"
+    local kubectl_out
+    if kubectl_out=$(kubectl get -o template --template="${template}" namespace 2>/dev/null); then
+        COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "${kubectl_out}[*]" -- "$cur" ) )
+    fi
+}
+```
diff --git a/site/content/completions/fish.md b/site/content/completions/fish.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5253f7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/site/content/completions/fish.md
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+## Generating Fish Completions For Your cobra.Command
+
+Please refer to [Shell Completions](_index.md) for details.
+
diff --git a/site/content/completions/powershell.md b/site/content/completions/powershell.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..024b119
--- /dev/null
+++ b/site/content/completions/powershell.md
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Generating PowerShell Completions For Your Own cobra.Command
+
+Please refer to [Shell Completions](_index.md#powershell-completions) for details.
diff --git a/site/content/completions/zsh.md b/site/content/completions/zsh.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3e27208
--- /dev/null
+++ b/site/content/completions/zsh.md
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+## Generating Zsh Completion For Your cobra.Command
+
+Please refer to [Shell Completions](_index.md) for details.
+
+## Zsh completions standardization
+
+Cobra 1.1 standardized its zsh completion support to align it with its other shell completions.  Although the API was kept backwards-compatible, some small changes in behavior were introduced.
+
+### Deprecation summary
+
+See further below for more details on these deprecations.
+
+* `cmd.MarkZshCompPositionalArgumentFile(pos, []string{})` is no longer needed.  It is therefore **deprecated** and silently ignored.
+* `cmd.MarkZshCompPositionalArgumentFile(pos, glob[])` is **deprecated** and silently ignored.
+  * Instead use `ValidArgsFunction` with `ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt`.
+* `cmd.MarkZshCompPositionalArgumentWords()` is **deprecated** and silently ignored.
+  * Instead use `ValidArgsFunction`.
+
+### Behavioral changes
+
+**Noun completion**
+|Old behavior|New behavior|
+|---|---|
+|No file completion by default (opposite of bash)|File completion by default; use `ValidArgsFunction` with `ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp` to turn off file completion on a per-argument basis|
+|Completion of flag names without the `-` prefix having been typed|Flag names are only completed if the user has typed the first `-`|
+`cmd.MarkZshCompPositionalArgumentFile(pos, []string{})` used to turn on file completion on a per-argument position basis|File completion for all arguments by default; `cmd.MarkZshCompPositionalArgumentFile()` is **deprecated** and silently ignored|
+|`cmd.MarkZshCompPositionalArgumentFile(pos, glob[])` used to turn on file completion **with glob filtering** on a per-argument position basis (zsh-specific)|`cmd.MarkZshCompPositionalArgumentFile()` is **deprecated** and silently ignored; use `ValidArgsFunction` with `ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt` for file **extension** filtering (not full glob filtering)|
+|`cmd.MarkZshCompPositionalArgumentWords(pos, words[])` used to provide completion choices on a per-argument position basis (zsh-specific)|`cmd.MarkZshCompPositionalArgumentWords()` is **deprecated** and silently ignored; use `ValidArgsFunction` to achieve the same behavior|
+
+**Flag-value completion**
+
+|Old behavior|New behavior|
+|---|---|
+|No file completion by default (opposite of bash)|File completion by default; use `RegisterFlagCompletionFunc()` with `ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp` to turn off file completion|
+|`cmd.MarkFlagFilename(flag, []string{})` and similar used to turn on file completion|File completion by default; `cmd.MarkFlagFilename(flag, []string{})` no longer needed in this context and silently ignored|
+|`cmd.MarkFlagFilename(flag, glob[])`  used to turn on file completion **with glob filtering** (syntax of `[]string{"*.yaml", "*.yml"}` incompatible with bash)|Will continue to work, however, support for bash syntax is added and should be used instead so as to work for all shells (`[]string{"yaml", "yml"}`)|
+|`cmd.MarkFlagDirname(flag)` only completes directories (zsh-specific)|Has been added for all shells|
+|Completion of a flag name does not repeat, unless flag is of type `*Array` or `*Slice` (not supported by bash)|Retained for `zsh` and added to `fish`|
+|Completion of a flag name does not provide the `=` form (unlike bash)|Retained for `zsh` and added to `fish`|
+
+**Improvements**
+
+* Custom completion support (`ValidArgsFunction` and `RegisterFlagCompletionFunc()`)
+* File completion by default if no other completions found
+* Handling of required flags
+* File extension filtering no longer mutually exclusive with bash usage
+* Completion of directory names *within* another directory
+* Support for `=` form of flags
diff --git a/site/content/docgen/_index.md b/site/content/docgen/_index.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eba2a5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/site/content/docgen/_index.md
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# Documentation generation
+
+- [Man page docs](man.md)
+- [Markdown docs](md.md)
+- [Rest docs](rest.md)
+- [Yaml docs](yaml.md)
+
+## Options
+### `DisableAutoGenTag`
+
+You may set `cmd.DisableAutoGenTag = true`
+to _entirely_ remove the auto generated string "Auto generated by spf13/cobra..."
+from any documentation source.
+
+### `InitDefaultCompletionCmd`
+
+You may call `cmd.InitDefaultCompletionCmd()` to document the default autocompletion command.
diff --git a/site/content/docgen/man.md b/site/content/docgen/man.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3709160
--- /dev/null
+++ b/site/content/docgen/man.md
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# Generating Man Pages For Your Own cobra.Command
+
+Generating man pages from a cobra command is incredibly easy. An example is as follows:
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"log"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra/doc"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "test",
+		Short: "my test program",
+	}
+	header := &doc.GenManHeader{
+		Title: "MINE",
+		Section: "3",
+	}
+	err := doc.GenManTree(cmd, header, "/tmp")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+```
+
+That will get you a man page `/tmp/test.3`
diff --git a/site/content/docgen/md.md b/site/content/docgen/md.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1659175
--- /dev/null
+++ b/site/content/docgen/md.md
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+# Generating Markdown Docs For Your Own cobra.Command
+
+Generating Markdown pages from a cobra command is incredibly easy. An example is as follows:
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"log"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra/doc"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "test",
+		Short: "my test program",
+	}
+	err := doc.GenMarkdownTree(cmd, "/tmp")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+```
+
+That will get you a Markdown document `/tmp/test.md`
+
+## Generate markdown docs for the entire command tree
+
+This program can actually generate docs for the kubectl command in the kubernetes project
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"log"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"os"
+
+	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubectl/cmd"
+	cmdutil "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubectl/cmd/util"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra/doc"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	kubectl := cmd.NewKubectlCommand(cmdutil.NewFactory(nil), os.Stdin, ioutil.Discard, ioutil.Discard)
+	err := doc.GenMarkdownTree(kubectl, "./")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+```
+
+This will generate a whole series of files, one for each command in the tree, in the directory specified (in this case "./")
+
+## Generate markdown docs for a single command
+
+You may wish to have more control over the output, or only generate for a single command, instead of the entire command tree. If this is the case you may prefer to `GenMarkdown` instead of `GenMarkdownTree`
+
+```go
+	out := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	err := doc.GenMarkdown(cmd, out)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+```
+
+This will write the markdown doc for ONLY "cmd" into the out, buffer.
+
+## Customize the output
+
+Both `GenMarkdown` and `GenMarkdownTree` have alternate versions with callbacks to get some control of the output:
+
+```go
+func GenMarkdownTreeCustom(cmd *Command, dir string, filePrepender, linkHandler func(string) string) error {
+	//...
+}
+```
+
+```go
+func GenMarkdownCustom(cmd *Command, out *bytes.Buffer, linkHandler func(string) string) error {
+	//...
+}
+```
+
+The `filePrepender` will prepend the return value given the full filepath to the rendered Markdown file. A common use case is to add front matter to use the generated documentation with [Hugo](https://gohugo.io/):
+
+```go
+const fmTemplate = `---
+date: %s
+title: "%s"
+slug: %s
+url: %s
+---
+`
+
+filePrepender := func(filename string) string {
+	now := time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339)
+	name := filepath.Base(filename)
+	base := strings.TrimSuffix(name, path.Ext(name))
+	url := "/commands/" + strings.ToLower(base) + "/"
+	return fmt.Sprintf(fmTemplate, now, strings.Replace(base, "_", " ", -1), base, url)
+}
+```
+
+The `linkHandler` can be used to customize the rendered internal links to the commands, given a filename:
+
+```go
+linkHandler := func(name string) string {
+	base := strings.TrimSuffix(name, path.Ext(name))
+	return "/commands/" + strings.ToLower(base) + "/"
+}
+```
diff --git a/site/content/docgen/rest.md b/site/content/docgen/rest.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3041c57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/site/content/docgen/rest.md
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+# Generating ReStructured Text Docs For Your Own cobra.Command
+
+Generating ReST pages from a cobra command is incredibly easy. An example is as follows:
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"log"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra/doc"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "test",
+		Short: "my test program",
+	}
+	err := doc.GenReSTTree(cmd, "/tmp")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+```
+
+That will get you a ReST document `/tmp/test.rst`
+
+## Generate ReST docs for the entire command tree
+
+This program can actually generate docs for the kubectl command in the kubernetes project
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"log"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"os"
+
+	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubectl/cmd"
+	cmdutil "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubectl/cmd/util"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra/doc"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	kubectl := cmd.NewKubectlCommand(cmdutil.NewFactory(nil), os.Stdin, ioutil.Discard, ioutil.Discard)
+	err := doc.GenReSTTree(kubectl, "./")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+```
+
+This will generate a whole series of files, one for each command in the tree, in the directory specified (in this case "./")
+
+## Generate ReST docs for a single command
+
+You may wish to have more control over the output, or only generate for a single command, instead of the entire command tree. If this is the case you may prefer to `GenReST` instead of `GenReSTTree`
+
+```go
+	out := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	err := doc.GenReST(cmd, out)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+```
+
+This will write the ReST doc for ONLY "cmd" into the out, buffer.
+
+## Customize the output
+
+Both `GenReST` and `GenReSTTree` have alternate versions with callbacks to get some control of the output:
+
+```go
+func GenReSTTreeCustom(cmd *Command, dir string, filePrepender func(string) string, linkHandler func(string, string) string) error {
+	//...
+}
+```
+
+```go
+func GenReSTCustom(cmd *Command, out *bytes.Buffer, linkHandler func(string, string) string) error {
+	//...
+}
+```
+
+The `filePrepender` will prepend the return value given the full filepath to the rendered ReST file. A common use case is to add front matter to use the generated documentation with [Hugo](https://gohugo.io/):
+
+```go
+const fmTemplate = `---
+date: %s
+title: "%s"
+slug: %s
+url: %s
+---
+`
+filePrepender := func(filename string) string {
+	now := time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339)
+	name := filepath.Base(filename)
+	base := strings.TrimSuffix(name, path.Ext(name))
+	url := "/commands/" + strings.ToLower(base) + "/"
+	return fmt.Sprintf(fmTemplate, now, strings.Replace(base, "_", " ", -1), base, url)
+}
+```
+
+The `linkHandler` can be used to customize the rendered links to the commands, given a command name and reference. This is useful while converting rst to html or while generating documentation with tools like Sphinx where `:ref:` is used:
+
+```go
+// Sphinx cross-referencing format
+linkHandler := func(name, ref string) string {
+    return fmt.Sprintf(":ref:`%s <%s>`", name, ref)
+}
+```
diff --git a/site/content/docgen/yaml.md b/site/content/docgen/yaml.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..172e61d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/site/content/docgen/yaml.md
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+# Generating Yaml Docs For Your Own cobra.Command
+
+Generating yaml files from a cobra command is incredibly easy. An example is as follows:
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"log"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra/doc"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "test",
+		Short: "my test program",
+	}
+	err := doc.GenYamlTree(cmd, "/tmp")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+```
+
+That will get you a Yaml document `/tmp/test.yaml`
+
+## Generate yaml docs for the entire command tree
+
+This program can actually generate docs for the kubectl command in the kubernetes project
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+
+	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubectl/cmd"
+	cmdutil "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubectl/cmd/util"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra/doc"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	kubectl := cmd.NewKubectlCommand(cmdutil.NewFactory(nil), os.Stdin, ioutil.Discard, ioutil.Discard)
+	err := doc.GenYamlTree(kubectl, "./")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+```
+
+This will generate a whole series of files, one for each command in the tree, in the directory specified (in this case "./")
+
+## Generate yaml docs for a single command
+
+You may wish to have more control over the output, or only generate for a single command, instead of the entire command tree. If this is the case you may prefer to `GenYaml` instead of `GenYamlTree`
+
+```go
+	out := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	doc.GenYaml(cmd, out)
+```
+
+This will write the yaml doc for ONLY "cmd" into the out, buffer.
+
+## Customize the output
+
+Both `GenYaml` and `GenYamlTree` have alternate versions with callbacks to get some control of the output:
+
+```go
+func GenYamlTreeCustom(cmd *Command, dir string, filePrepender, linkHandler func(string) string) error {
+	//...
+}
+```
+
+```go
+func GenYamlCustom(cmd *Command, out *bytes.Buffer, linkHandler func(string) string) error {
+	//...
+}
+```
+
+The `filePrepender` will prepend the return value given the full filepath to the rendered Yaml file. A common use case is to add front matter to use the generated documentation with [Hugo](https://gohugo.io/):
+
+```go
+const fmTemplate = `---
+date: %s
+title: "%s"
+slug: %s
+url: %s
+---
+`
+
+filePrepender := func(filename string) string {
+	now := time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339)
+	name := filepath.Base(filename)
+	base := strings.TrimSuffix(name, path.Ext(name))
+	url := "/commands/" + strings.ToLower(base) + "/"
+	return fmt.Sprintf(fmTemplate, now, strings.Replace(base, "_", " ", -1), base, url)
+}
+```
+
+The `linkHandler` can be used to customize the rendered internal links to the commands, given a filename:
+
+```go
+linkHandler := func(name string) string {
+	base := strings.TrimSuffix(name, path.Ext(name))
+	return "/commands/" + strings.ToLower(base) + "/"
+}
+```
diff --git a/site/content/projects_using_cobra.md b/site/content/projects_using_cobra.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8a291eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/site/content/projects_using_cobra.md
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+## Projects using Cobra
+
+- [Allero](https://github.com/allero-io/allero)
+- [Arewefastyet](https://benchmark.vitess.io)
+- [Arduino CLI](https://github.com/arduino/arduino-cli)
+- [Bleve](https://blevesearch.com/)
+- [Cilium](https://cilium.io/)
+- [CloudQuery](https://github.com/cloudquery/cloudquery)
+- [CockroachDB](https://www.cockroachlabs.com/)
+- [Constellation](https://github.com/edgelesssys/constellation)
+- [Cosmos SDK](https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk)
+- [Datree](https://github.com/datreeio/datree)
+- [Delve](https://github.com/derekparker/delve)
+- [Docker (distribution)](https://github.com/docker/distribution)
+- [Etcd](https://etcd.io/)
+- [Gardener](https://github.com/gardener/gardenctl)
+- [Giant Swarm's gsctl](https://github.com/giantswarm/gsctl)
+- [Git Bump](https://github.com/erdaltsksn/git-bump)
+- [GitHub CLI](https://github.com/cli/cli)
+- [GitHub Labeler](https://github.com/erdaltsksn/gh-label)
+- [Golangci-lint](https://golangci-lint.run)
+- [GopherJS](https://github.com/gopherjs/gopherjs)
+- [GoReleaser](https://goreleaser.com)
+- [Helm](https://helm.sh)
+- [Hugo](https://gohugo.io)
+- [Infracost](https://github.com/infracost/infracost)
+- [Istio](https://istio.io)
+- [Kool](https://github.com/kool-dev/kool)
+- [Kubernetes](https://kubernetes.io/)
+- [Kubescape](https://github.com/kubescape/kubescape)
+- [KubeVirt](https://github.com/kubevirt/kubevirt)
+- [Linkerd](https://linkerd.io/)
+- [Mattermost-server](https://github.com/mattermost/mattermost-server)
+- [Mercure](https://mercure.rocks/)
+- [Meroxa CLI](https://github.com/meroxa/cli)
+- [Metal Stack CLI](https://github.com/metal-stack/metalctl)
+- [Moby (former Docker)](https://github.com/moby/moby)
+- [Moldy](https://github.com/Moldy-Community/moldy)
+- [Multi-gitter](https://github.com/lindell/multi-gitter)
+- [Nanobox](https://github.com/nanobox-io/nanobox)/[Nanopack](https://github.com/nanopack)
+- [nFPM](https://nfpm.goreleaser.com)
+- [Okteto](https://github.com/okteto/okteto)
+- [OpenShift](https://www.openshift.com/)
+- [Ory Hydra](https://github.com/ory/hydra)
+- [Ory Kratos](https://github.com/ory/kratos)
+- [Pixie](https://github.com/pixie-io/pixie)
+- [Polygon Edge](https://github.com/0xPolygon/polygon-edge)
+- [Pouch](https://github.com/alibaba/pouch)
+- [ProjectAtomic (enterprise)](https://www.projectatomic.io/)
+- [Prototool](https://github.com/uber/prototool)
+- [Pulumi](https://www.pulumi.com)
+- [QRcp](https://github.com/claudiodangelis/qrcp)
+- [Random](https://github.com/erdaltsksn/random)
+- [Rclone](https://rclone.org/)
+- [Scaleway CLI](https://github.com/scaleway/scaleway-cli)
+- [Sia](https://github.com/SiaFoundation/siad)
+- [Skaffold](https://skaffold.dev/)
+- [Tendermint](https://github.com/tendermint/tendermint)
+- [Twitch CLI](https://github.com/twitchdev/twitch-cli)
+- [UpCloud CLI (`upctl`)](https://github.com/UpCloudLtd/upcloud-cli)
+- [Vitess](https://vitess.io)
+- VMware's [Tanzu Community Edition](https://github.com/vmware-tanzu/community-edition) & [Tanzu Framework](https://github.com/vmware-tanzu/tanzu-framework)
+- [Werf](https://werf.io/)
+- [ZITADEL](https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel)
diff --git a/site/content/user_guide.md b/site/content/user_guide.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4116e8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/site/content/user_guide.md
@@ -0,0 +1,750 @@
+# User Guide
+
+While you are welcome to provide your own organization, typically a Cobra-based
+application will follow the following organizational structure:
+
+```
+  ▾ appName/
+    ▾ cmd/
+        add.go
+        your.go
+        commands.go
+        here.go
+      main.go
+```
+
+In a Cobra app, typically the main.go file is very bare. It serves one purpose: initializing Cobra.
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+  "{pathToYourApp}/cmd"
+)
+
+func main() {
+  cmd.Execute()
+}
+```
+
+## Using the Cobra Generator
+
+Cobra-CLI is its own program that will create your application and add any commands you want.
+It's the easiest way to incorporate Cobra into your application.
+
+For complete details on using the Cobra generator, please refer to [The Cobra-CLI Generator README](https://github.com/spf13/cobra-cli/blob/main/README.md)
+
+## Using the Cobra Library
+
+To manually implement Cobra you need to create a bare main.go file and a rootCmd file.
+You will optionally provide additional commands as you see fit.
+
+### Create rootCmd
+
+Cobra doesn't require any special constructors. Simply create your commands.
+
+Ideally you place this in app/cmd/root.go:
+
+```go
+var rootCmd = &cobra.Command{
+  Use:   "hugo",
+  Short: "Hugo is a very fast static site generator",
+  Long: `A Fast and Flexible Static Site Generator built with
+                love by spf13 and friends in Go.
+                Complete documentation is available at https://gohugo.io/documentation/`,
+  Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+    // Do Stuff Here
+  },
+}
+
+func Execute() {
+  if err := rootCmd.Execute(); err != nil {
+    fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, err)
+    os.Exit(1)
+  }
+}
+```
+
+You will additionally define flags and handle configuration in your init() function.
+
+For example cmd/root.go:
+
+```go
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/spf13/viper"
+)
+
+var (
+	// Used for flags.
+	cfgFile     string
+	userLicense string
+
+	rootCmd = &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "cobra-cli",
+		Short: "A generator for Cobra based Applications",
+		Long: `Cobra is a CLI library for Go that empowers applications.
+This application is a tool to generate the needed files
+to quickly create a Cobra application.`,
+	}
+)
+
+// Execute executes the root command.
+func Execute() error {
+	return rootCmd.Execute()
+}
+
+func init() {
+	cobra.OnInitialize(initConfig)
+
+	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&cfgFile, "config", "", "config file (default is $HOME/.cobra.yaml)")
+	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringP("author", "a", "YOUR NAME", "author name for copyright attribution")
+	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&userLicense, "license", "l", "", "name of license for the project")
+	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().Bool("viper", true, "use Viper for configuration")
+	viper.BindPFlag("author", rootCmd.PersistentFlags().Lookup("author"))
+	viper.BindPFlag("useViper", rootCmd.PersistentFlags().Lookup("viper"))
+	viper.SetDefault("author", "NAME HERE <EMAIL ADDRESS>")
+	viper.SetDefault("license", "apache")
+
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(addCmd)
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(initCmd)
+}
+
+func initConfig() {
+	if cfgFile != "" {
+		// Use config file from the flag.
+		viper.SetConfigFile(cfgFile)
+	} else {
+		// Find home directory.
+		home, err := os.UserHomeDir()
+		cobra.CheckErr(err)
+
+		// Search config in home directory with name ".cobra" (without extension).
+		viper.AddConfigPath(home)
+		viper.SetConfigType("yaml")
+		viper.SetConfigName(".cobra")
+	}
+
+	viper.AutomaticEnv()
+
+	if err := viper.ReadInConfig(); err == nil {
+		fmt.Println("Using config file:", viper.ConfigFileUsed())
+	}
+}
+```
+
+### Create your main.go
+
+With the root command you need to have your main function execute it.
+Execute should be run on the root for clarity, though it can be called on any command.
+
+In a Cobra app, typically the main.go file is very bare. It serves one purpose: to initialize Cobra.
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+  "{pathToYourApp}/cmd"
+)
+
+func main() {
+  cmd.Execute()
+}
+```
+
+### Create additional commands
+
+Additional commands can be defined and typically are each given their own file
+inside of the cmd/ directory.
+
+If you wanted to create a version command you would create cmd/version.go and
+populate it with the following:
+
+```go
+package cmd
+
+import (
+  "fmt"
+
+  "github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func init() {
+  rootCmd.AddCommand(versionCmd)
+}
+
+var versionCmd = &cobra.Command{
+  Use:   "version",
+  Short: "Print the version number of Hugo",
+  Long:  `All software has versions. This is Hugo's`,
+  Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+    fmt.Println("Hugo Static Site Generator v0.9 -- HEAD")
+  },
+}
+```
+
+### Organizing subcommands
+
+A command may have subcommands which in turn may have other subcommands. This is achieved by using
+`AddCommand`. In some cases, especially in larger applications, each subcommand may be defined in
+its own go package.
+
+The suggested approach is for the parent command to use `AddCommand` to add its most immediate
+subcommands. For example, consider the following directory structure:
+
+```text
+├── cmd
+│   ├── root.go
+│   └── sub1
+│       ├── sub1.go
+│       └── sub2
+│           ├── leafA.go
+│           ├── leafB.go
+│           └── sub2.go
+└── main.go
+```
+
+In this case:
+
+* The `init` function of `root.go` adds the command defined in `sub1.go` to the root command.
+* The `init` function of `sub1.go` adds the command defined in `sub2.go` to the sub1 command.
+* The `init` function of `sub2.go` adds the commands defined in `leafA.go` and `leafB.go` to the
+  sub2 command.
+
+This approach ensures the subcommands are always included at compile time while avoiding cyclic
+references.
+
+### Returning and handling errors
+
+If you wish to return an error to the caller of a command, `RunE` can be used.
+
+```go
+package cmd
+
+import (
+  "fmt"
+
+  "github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func init() {
+  rootCmd.AddCommand(tryCmd)
+}
+
+var tryCmd = &cobra.Command{
+  Use:   "try",
+  Short: "Try and possibly fail at something",
+  RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+    if err := someFunc(); err != nil {
+	return err
+    }
+    return nil
+  },
+}
+```
+
+The error can then be caught at the execute function call.
+
+## Working with Flags
+
+Flags provide modifiers to control how the action command operates.
+
+### Assign flags to a command
+
+Since the flags are defined and used in different locations, we need to
+define a variable outside with the correct scope to assign the flag to
+work with.
+
+```go
+var Verbose bool
+var Source string
+```
+
+There are two different approaches to assign a flag.
+
+### Persistent Flags
+
+A flag can be 'persistent', meaning that this flag will be available to the
+command it's assigned to as well as every command under that command. For
+global flags, assign a flag as a persistent flag on the root.
+
+```go
+rootCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVarP(&Verbose, "verbose", "v", false, "verbose output")
+```
+
+### Local Flags
+
+A flag can also be assigned locally, which will only apply to that specific command.
+
+```go
+localCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&Source, "source", "s", "", "Source directory to read from")
+```
+
+### Local Flag on Parent Commands
+
+By default, Cobra only parses local flags on the target command, and any local flags on
+parent commands are ignored. By enabling `Command.TraverseChildren`, Cobra will
+parse local flags on each command before executing the target command.
+
+```go
+command := cobra.Command{
+  Use: "print [OPTIONS] [COMMANDS]",
+  TraverseChildren: true,
+}
+```
+
+### Bind Flags with Config
+
+You can also bind your flags with [viper](https://github.com/spf13/viper):
+```go
+var author string
+
+func init() {
+  rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&author, "author", "YOUR NAME", "Author name for copyright attribution")
+  viper.BindPFlag("author", rootCmd.PersistentFlags().Lookup("author"))
+}
+```
+
+In this example, the persistent flag `author` is bound with `viper`.
+**Note**: the variable `author` will not be set to the value from config,
+when the `--author` flag is provided by user.
+
+More in [viper documentation](https://github.com/spf13/viper#working-with-flags).
+
+### Required flags
+
+Flags are optional by default. If instead you wish your command to report an error
+when a flag has not been set, mark it as required:
+```go
+rootCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&Region, "region", "r", "", "AWS region (required)")
+rootCmd.MarkFlagRequired("region")
+```
+
+Or, for persistent flags:
+```go
+rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&Region, "region", "r", "", "AWS region (required)")
+rootCmd.MarkPersistentFlagRequired("region")
+```
+
+### Flag Groups
+
+If you have different flags that must be provided together (e.g. if they provide the `--username` flag they MUST provide the `--password` flag as well) then
+Cobra can enforce that requirement:
+```go
+rootCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&u, "username", "u", "", "Username (required if password is set)")
+rootCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&pw, "password", "p", "", "Password (required if username is set)")
+rootCmd.MarkFlagsRequiredTogether("username", "password")
+```
+
+You can also prevent different flags from being provided together if they represent mutually
+exclusive options such as specifying an output format as either `--json` or `--yaml` but never both:
+```go
+rootCmd.Flags().BoolVar(&ofJson, "json", false, "Output in JSON")
+rootCmd.Flags().BoolVar(&ofYaml, "yaml", false, "Output in YAML")
+rootCmd.MarkFlagsMutuallyExclusive("json", "yaml")
+```
+
+If you want to require at least one flag from a group to be present, you can use `MarkFlagsOneRequired`.
+This can be combined with `MarkFlagsMutuallyExclusive` to enforce exactly one flag from a given group:
+```go
+rootCmd.Flags().BoolVar(&ofJson, "json", false, "Output in JSON")
+rootCmd.Flags().BoolVar(&ofYaml, "yaml", false, "Output in YAML")
+rootCmd.MarkFlagsOneRequired("json", "yaml")
+rootCmd.MarkFlagsMutuallyExclusive("json", "yaml")
+```
+
+In these cases:
+  - both local and persistent flags can be used
+    - **NOTE:** the group is only enforced on commands where every flag is defined
+  - a flag may appear in multiple groups
+  - a group may contain any number of flags
+
+## Positional and Custom Arguments
+
+Validation of positional arguments can be specified using the `Args` field of `Command`.
+The following validators are built in:
+
+- Number of arguments:
+  - `NoArgs` - report an error if there are any positional args.
+  - `ArbitraryArgs` - accept any number of args.
+  - `MinimumNArgs(int)` - report an error if less than N positional args are provided.
+  - `MaximumNArgs(int)` - report an error if more than N positional args are provided.
+  - `ExactArgs(int)` - report an error if there are not exactly N positional args.
+  - `RangeArgs(min, max)` - report an error if the number of args is not between `min` and `max`.
+- Content of the arguments:
+  - `OnlyValidArgs` - report an error if there are any positional args not specified in the `ValidArgs` field of `Command`, which can optionally be set to a list of valid values for positional args.
+
+If `Args` is undefined or `nil`, it defaults to `ArbitraryArgs`.
+
+Moreover, `MatchAll(pargs ...PositionalArgs)` enables combining existing checks with arbitrary other checks.
+For instance, if you want to report an error if there are not exactly N positional args OR if there are any positional
+args that are not in the `ValidArgs` field of `Command`, you can call `MatchAll` on `ExactArgs` and `OnlyValidArgs`, as
+shown below:
+
+```go
+var cmd = &cobra.Command{
+  Short: "hello",
+  Args: cobra.MatchAll(cobra.ExactArgs(2), cobra.OnlyValidArgs),
+  Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+    fmt.Println("Hello, World!")
+  },
+}
+```
+
+It is possible to set any custom validator that satisfies `func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error`.
+For example:
+
+```go
+var cmd = &cobra.Command{
+  Short: "hello",
+  Args: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+    // Optionally run one of the validators provided by cobra
+    if err := cobra.MinimumNArgs(1)(cmd, args); err != nil {
+        return err
+    }
+    // Run the custom validation logic
+    if myapp.IsValidColor(args[0]) {
+      return nil
+    }
+    return fmt.Errorf("invalid color specified: %s", args[0])
+  },
+  Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+    fmt.Println("Hello, World!")
+  },
+}
+```
+
+## Example
+
+In the example below, we have defined three commands. Two are at the top level
+and one (cmdTimes) is a child of one of the top commands. In this case the root
+is not executable, meaning that a subcommand is required. This is accomplished
+by not providing a 'Run' for the 'rootCmd'.
+
+We have only defined one flag for a single command.
+
+More documentation about flags is available at https://github.com/spf13/pflag
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+  "fmt"
+  "strings"
+
+  "github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func main() {
+  var echoTimes int
+
+  var cmdPrint = &cobra.Command{
+    Use:   "print [string to print]",
+    Short: "Print anything to the screen",
+    Long: `print is for printing anything back to the screen.
+For many years people have printed back to the screen.`,
+    Args: cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
+    Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+      fmt.Println("Print: " + strings.Join(args, " "))
+    },
+  }
+
+  var cmdEcho = &cobra.Command{
+    Use:   "echo [string to echo]",
+    Short: "Echo anything to the screen",
+    Long: `echo is for echoing anything back.
+Echo works a lot like print, except it has a child command.`,
+    Args: cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
+    Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+      fmt.Println("Echo: " + strings.Join(args, " "))
+    },
+  }
+
+  var cmdTimes = &cobra.Command{
+    Use:   "times [string to echo]",
+    Short: "Echo anything to the screen more times",
+    Long: `echo things multiple times back to the user by providing
+a count and a string.`,
+    Args: cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
+    Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+      for i := 0; i < echoTimes; i++ {
+        fmt.Println("Echo: " + strings.Join(args, " "))
+      }
+    },
+  }
+
+  cmdTimes.Flags().IntVarP(&echoTimes, "times", "t", 1, "times to echo the input")
+
+  var rootCmd = &cobra.Command{Use: "app"}
+  rootCmd.AddCommand(cmdPrint, cmdEcho)
+  cmdEcho.AddCommand(cmdTimes)
+  rootCmd.Execute()
+}
+```
+
+For a more complete example of a larger application, please checkout [Hugo](https://gohugo.io/).
+
+## Help Command
+
+Cobra automatically adds a help command to your application when you have subcommands.
+This will be called when a user runs 'app help'. Additionally, help will also
+support all other commands as input. Say, for instance, you have a command called
+'create' without any additional configuration; Cobra will work when 'app help
+create' is called.  Every command will automatically have the '--help' flag added.
+
+### Example
+
+The following output is automatically generated by Cobra. Nothing beyond the
+command and flag definitions are needed.
+
+    $ cobra-cli help
+
+    Cobra is a CLI library for Go that empowers applications.
+    This application is a tool to generate the needed files
+    to quickly create a Cobra application.
+
+    Usage:
+      cobra-cli [command]
+
+    Available Commands:
+      add         Add a command to a Cobra Application
+      completion  Generate the autocompletion script for the specified shell
+      help        Help about any command
+      init        Initialize a Cobra Application
+
+    Flags:
+      -a, --author string    author name for copyright attribution (default "YOUR NAME")
+          --config string    config file (default is $HOME/.cobra.yaml)
+      -h, --help             help for cobra-cli
+      -l, --license string   name of license for the project
+          --viper            use Viper for configuration
+
+    Use "cobra-cli [command] --help" for more information about a command.
+
+
+Help is just a command like any other. There is no special logic or behavior
+around it. In fact, you can provide your own if you want.
+
+### Grouping commands in help
+
+Cobra supports grouping of available commands in the help output.  To group commands, each group must be explicitly
+defined using `AddGroup()` on the parent command.  Then a subcommand can be added to a group using the `GroupID` element
+of that subcommand. The groups will appear in the help output in the same order as they are defined using different
+calls to `AddGroup()`.  If you use the generated `help` or `completion` commands, you can set their group ids using
+`SetHelpCommandGroupId()` and `SetCompletionCommandGroupId()` on the root command, respectively.
+
+### Defining your own help
+
+You can provide your own Help command or your own template for the default command to use
+with the following functions:
+
+```go
+cmd.SetHelpCommand(cmd *Command)
+cmd.SetHelpFunc(f func(*Command, []string))
+cmd.SetHelpTemplate(s string)
+```
+
+The latter two will also apply to any children commands.
+
+## Usage Message
+
+When the user provides an invalid flag or invalid command, Cobra responds by
+showing the user the 'usage'.
+
+### Example
+You may recognize this from the help above. That's because the default help
+embeds the usage as part of its output.
+
+    $ cobra-cli --invalid
+    Error: unknown flag: --invalid
+    Usage:
+      cobra-cli [command]
+
+    Available Commands:
+      add         Add a command to a Cobra Application
+      completion  Generate the autocompletion script for the specified shell
+      help        Help about any command
+      init        Initialize a Cobra Application
+
+    Flags:
+      -a, --author string    author name for copyright attribution (default "YOUR NAME")
+          --config string    config file (default is $HOME/.cobra.yaml)
+      -h, --help             help for cobra-cli
+      -l, --license string   name of license for the project
+          --viper            use Viper for configuration
+
+    Use "cobra [command] --help" for more information about a command.
+
+### Defining your own usage
+You can provide your own usage function or template for Cobra to use.
+Like help, the function and template are overridable through public methods:
+
+```go
+cmd.SetUsageFunc(f func(*Command) error)
+cmd.SetUsageTemplate(s string)
+```
+
+## Version Flag
+
+Cobra adds a top-level '--version' flag if the Version field is set on the root command.
+Running an application with the '--version' flag will print the version to stdout using
+the version template. The template can be customized using the
+`cmd.SetVersionTemplate(s string)` function.
+
+## Error Message Prefix
+
+Cobra prints an error message when receiving a non-nil error value.
+The default error message is `Error: <error contents>`.
+The Prefix, `Error:` can be customized using the `cmd.SetErrPrefix(s string)` function.
+
+## PreRun and PostRun Hooks
+
+It is possible to run functions before or after the main `Run` function of your command. The `PersistentPreRun` and `PreRun` functions will be executed before `Run`. `PersistentPostRun` and `PostRun` will be executed after `Run`.  The `Persistent*Run` functions will be inherited by children if they do not declare their own.  The `*PreRun` and `*PostRun` functions will only be executed if the `Run` function of the current command has been declared.  These functions are run in the following order:
+
+- `PersistentPreRun`
+- `PreRun`
+- `Run`
+- `PostRun`
+- `PersistentPostRun`
+
+An example of two commands which use all of these features is below.  When the subcommand is executed, it will run the root command's `PersistentPreRun` but not the root command's `PersistentPostRun`:
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+  "fmt"
+
+  "github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func main() {
+
+  var rootCmd = &cobra.Command{
+    Use:   "root [sub]",
+    Short: "My root command",
+    PersistentPreRun: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+      fmt.Printf("Inside rootCmd PersistentPreRun with args: %v\n", args)
+    },
+    PreRun: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+      fmt.Printf("Inside rootCmd PreRun with args: %v\n", args)
+    },
+    Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+      fmt.Printf("Inside rootCmd Run with args: %v\n", args)
+    },
+    PostRun: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+      fmt.Printf("Inside rootCmd PostRun with args: %v\n", args)
+    },
+    PersistentPostRun: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+      fmt.Printf("Inside rootCmd PersistentPostRun with args: %v\n", args)
+    },
+  }
+
+  var subCmd = &cobra.Command{
+    Use:   "sub [no options!]",
+    Short: "My subcommand",
+    PreRun: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+      fmt.Printf("Inside subCmd PreRun with args: %v\n", args)
+    },
+    Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+      fmt.Printf("Inside subCmd Run with args: %v\n", args)
+    },
+    PostRun: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+      fmt.Printf("Inside subCmd PostRun with args: %v\n", args)
+    },
+    PersistentPostRun: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+      fmt.Printf("Inside subCmd PersistentPostRun with args: %v\n", args)
+    },
+  }
+
+  rootCmd.AddCommand(subCmd)
+
+  rootCmd.SetArgs([]string{""})
+  rootCmd.Execute()
+  fmt.Println()
+  rootCmd.SetArgs([]string{"sub", "arg1", "arg2"})
+  rootCmd.Execute()
+}
+```
+
+Output:
+```
+Inside rootCmd PersistentPreRun with args: []
+Inside rootCmd PreRun with args: []
+Inside rootCmd Run with args: []
+Inside rootCmd PostRun with args: []
+Inside rootCmd PersistentPostRun with args: []
+
+Inside rootCmd PersistentPreRun with args: [arg1 arg2]
+Inside subCmd PreRun with args: [arg1 arg2]
+Inside subCmd Run with args: [arg1 arg2]
+Inside subCmd PostRun with args: [arg1 arg2]
+Inside subCmd PersistentPostRun with args: [arg1 arg2]
+```
+
+By default, only the first persistent hook found in the command chain is executed.
+That is why in the above output, the `rootCmd PersistentPostRun` was not called for a child command.
+Set `EnableTraverseRunHooks` global variable to `true` if you want to execute all parents' persistent hooks.
+
+## Suggestions when "unknown command" happens
+
+Cobra will print automatic suggestions when "unknown command" errors happen. This allows Cobra to behave similarly to the `git` command when a typo happens. For example:
+
+```
+$ hugo srever
+Error: unknown command "srever" for "hugo"
+
+Did you mean this?
+        server
+
+Run 'hugo --help' for usage.
+```
+
+Suggestions are automatically generated based on existing subcommands and use an implementation of [Levenshtein distance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levenshtein_distance). Every registered command that matches a minimum distance of 2 (ignoring case) will be displayed as a suggestion.
+
+If you need to disable suggestions or tweak the string distance in your command, use:
+
+```go
+command.DisableSuggestions = true
+```
+
+or
+
+```go
+command.SuggestionsMinimumDistance = 1
+```
+
+You can also explicitly set names for which a given command will be suggested using the `SuggestFor` attribute. This allows suggestions for strings that are not close in terms of string distance, but make sense in your set of commands but for which
+you don't want aliases. Example:
+
+```
+$ kubectl remove
+Error: unknown command "remove" for "kubectl"
+
+Did you mean this?
+        delete
+
+Run 'kubectl help' for usage.
+```
+
+## Generating documentation for your command
+
+Cobra can generate documentation based on subcommands, flags, etc.
+Read more about it in the [docs generation documentation](docgen/_index.md).
+
+## Generating shell completions
+
+Cobra can generate a shell-completion file for the following shells: bash, zsh, fish, PowerShell.
+If you add more information to your commands, these completions can be amazingly powerful and flexible.
+Read more about it in [Shell Completions](completions/_index.md).
+
+## Providing Active Help
+
+Cobra makes use of the shell-completion system to define a framework allowing you to provide Active Help to your users.
+Active Help are messages (hints, warnings, etc) printed as the program is being used.
+Read more about it in [Active Help](active_help.md).
diff --git a/zsh_completions.go b/zsh_completions.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1856e4c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zsh_completions.go
@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cobra
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+)
+
+// GenZshCompletionFile generates zsh completion file including descriptions.
+func (c *Command) GenZshCompletionFile(filename string) error {
+	return c.genZshCompletionFile(filename, true)
+}
+
+// GenZshCompletion generates zsh completion file including descriptions
+// and writes it to the passed writer.
+func (c *Command) GenZshCompletion(w io.Writer) error {
+	return c.genZshCompletion(w, true)
+}
+
+// GenZshCompletionFileNoDesc generates zsh completion file without descriptions.
+func (c *Command) GenZshCompletionFileNoDesc(filename string) error {
+	return c.genZshCompletionFile(filename, false)
+}
+
+// GenZshCompletionNoDesc generates zsh completion file without descriptions
+// and writes it to the passed writer.
+func (c *Command) GenZshCompletionNoDesc(w io.Writer) error {
+	return c.genZshCompletion(w, false)
+}
+
+// MarkZshCompPositionalArgumentFile only worked for zsh and its behavior was
+// not consistent with Bash completion. It has therefore been disabled.
+// Instead, when no other completion is specified, file completion is done by
+// default for every argument. One can disable file completion on a per-argument
+// basis by using ValidArgsFunction and ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp.
+// To achieve file extension filtering, one can use ValidArgsFunction and
+// ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt.
+//
+// Deprecated
+func (c *Command) MarkZshCompPositionalArgumentFile(argPosition int, patterns ...string) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+// MarkZshCompPositionalArgumentWords only worked for zsh. It has therefore
+// been disabled.
+// To achieve the same behavior across all shells, one can use
+// ValidArgs (for the first argument only) or ValidArgsFunction for
+// any argument (can include the first one also).
+//
+// Deprecated
+func (c *Command) MarkZshCompPositionalArgumentWords(argPosition int, words ...string) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *Command) genZshCompletionFile(filename string, includeDesc bool) error {
+	outFile, err := os.Create(filename)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer outFile.Close()
+
+	return c.genZshCompletion(outFile, includeDesc)
+}
+
+func (c *Command) genZshCompletion(w io.Writer, includeDesc bool) error {
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	genZshComp(buf, c.Name(), includeDesc)
+	_, err := buf.WriteTo(w)
+	return err
+}
+
+func genZshComp(buf io.StringWriter, name string, includeDesc bool) {
+	compCmd := ShellCompRequestCmd
+	if !includeDesc {
+		compCmd = ShellCompNoDescRequestCmd
+	}
+	WriteStringAndCheck(buf, fmt.Sprintf(`#compdef %[1]s
+compdef _%[1]s %[1]s
+
+# zsh completion for %-36[1]s -*- shell-script -*-
+
+__%[1]s_debug()
+{
+    local file="$BASH_COMP_DEBUG_FILE"
+    if [[ -n ${file} ]]; then
+        echo "$*" >> "${file}"
+    fi
+}
+
+_%[1]s()
+{
+    local shellCompDirectiveError=%[3]d
+    local shellCompDirectiveNoSpace=%[4]d
+    local shellCompDirectiveNoFileComp=%[5]d
+    local shellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt=%[6]d
+    local shellCompDirectiveFilterDirs=%[7]d
+    local shellCompDirectiveKeepOrder=%[8]d
+
+    local lastParam lastChar flagPrefix requestComp out directive comp lastComp noSpace keepOrder
+    local -a completions
+
+    __%[1]s_debug "\n========= starting completion logic =========="
+    __%[1]s_debug "CURRENT: ${CURRENT}, words[*]: ${words[*]}"
+
+    # The user could have moved the cursor backwards on the command-line.
+    # We need to trigger completion from the $CURRENT location, so we need
+    # to truncate the command-line ($words) up to the $CURRENT location.
+    # (We cannot use $CURSOR as its value does not work when a command is an alias.)
+    words=("${=words[1,CURRENT]}")
+    __%[1]s_debug "Truncated words[*]: ${words[*]},"
+
+    lastParam=${words[-1]}
+    lastChar=${lastParam[-1]}
+    __%[1]s_debug "lastParam: ${lastParam}, lastChar: ${lastChar}"
+
+    # For zsh, when completing a flag with an = (e.g., %[1]s -n=<TAB>)
+    # completions must be prefixed with the flag
+    setopt local_options BASH_REMATCH
+    if [[ "${lastParam}" =~ '-.*=' ]]; then
+        # We are dealing with a flag with an =
+        flagPrefix="-P ${BASH_REMATCH}"
+    fi
+
+    # Prepare the command to obtain completions
+    requestComp="${words[1]} %[2]s ${words[2,-1]}"
+    if [ "${lastChar}" = "" ]; then
+        # If the last parameter is complete (there is a space following it)
+        # We add an extra empty parameter so we can indicate this to the go completion code.
+        __%[1]s_debug "Adding extra empty parameter"
+        requestComp="${requestComp} \"\""
+    fi
+
+    __%[1]s_debug "About to call: eval ${requestComp}"
+
+    # Use eval to handle any environment variables and such
+    out=$(eval ${requestComp} 2>/dev/null)
+    __%[1]s_debug "completion output: ${out}"
+
+    # Extract the directive integer following a : from the last line
+    local lastLine
+    while IFS='\n' read -r line; do
+        lastLine=${line}
+    done < <(printf "%%s\n" "${out[@]}")
+    __%[1]s_debug "last line: ${lastLine}"
+
+    if [ "${lastLine[1]}" = : ]; then
+        directive=${lastLine[2,-1]}
+        # Remove the directive including the : and the newline
+        local suffix
+        (( suffix=${#lastLine}+2))
+        out=${out[1,-$suffix]}
+    else
+        # There is no directive specified.  Leave $out as is.
+        __%[1]s_debug "No directive found.  Setting do default"
+        directive=0
+    fi
+
+    __%[1]s_debug "directive: ${directive}"
+    __%[1]s_debug "completions: ${out}"
+    __%[1]s_debug "flagPrefix: ${flagPrefix}"
+
+    if [ $((directive & shellCompDirectiveError)) -ne 0 ]; then
+        __%[1]s_debug "Completion received error. Ignoring completions."
+        return
+    fi
+
+    local activeHelpMarker="%[9]s"
+    local endIndex=${#activeHelpMarker}
+    local startIndex=$((${#activeHelpMarker}+1))
+    local hasActiveHelp=0
+    while IFS='\n' read -r comp; do
+        # Check if this is an activeHelp statement (i.e., prefixed with $activeHelpMarker)
+        if [ "${comp[1,$endIndex]}" = "$activeHelpMarker" ];then
+            __%[1]s_debug "ActiveHelp found: $comp"
+            comp="${comp[$startIndex,-1]}"
+            if [ -n "$comp" ]; then
+                compadd -x "${comp}"
+                __%[1]s_debug "ActiveHelp will need delimiter"
+                hasActiveHelp=1
+            fi
+
+            continue
+        fi
+
+        if [ -n "$comp" ]; then
+            # If requested, completions are returned with a description.
+            # The description is preceded by a TAB character.
+            # For zsh's _describe, we need to use a : instead of a TAB.
+            # We first need to escape any : as part of the completion itself.
+            comp=${comp//:/\\:}
+
+            local tab="$(printf '\t')"
+            comp=${comp//$tab/:}
+
+            __%[1]s_debug "Adding completion: ${comp}"
+            completions+=${comp}
+            lastComp=$comp
+        fi
+    done < <(printf "%%s\n" "${out[@]}")
+
+    # Add a delimiter after the activeHelp statements, but only if:
+    # - there are completions following the activeHelp statements, or
+    # - file completion will be performed (so there will be choices after the activeHelp)
+    if [ $hasActiveHelp -eq 1 ]; then
+        if [ ${#completions} -ne 0 ] || [ $((directive & shellCompDirectiveNoFileComp)) -eq 0 ]; then
+            __%[1]s_debug "Adding activeHelp delimiter"
+            compadd -x "--"
+            hasActiveHelp=0
+        fi
+    fi
+
+    if [ $((directive & shellCompDirectiveNoSpace)) -ne 0 ]; then
+        __%[1]s_debug "Activating nospace."
+        noSpace="-S ''"
+    fi
+
+    if [ $((directive & shellCompDirectiveKeepOrder)) -ne 0 ]; then
+        __%[1]s_debug "Activating keep order."
+        keepOrder="-V"
+    fi
+
+    if [ $((directive & shellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt)) -ne 0 ]; then
+        # File extension filtering
+        local filteringCmd
+        filteringCmd='_files'
+        for filter in ${completions[@]}; do
+            if [ ${filter[1]} != '*' ]; then
+                # zsh requires a glob pattern to do file filtering
+                filter="\*.$filter"
+            fi
+            filteringCmd+=" -g $filter"
+        done
+        filteringCmd+=" ${flagPrefix}"
+
+        __%[1]s_debug "File filtering command: $filteringCmd"
+        _arguments '*:filename:'"$filteringCmd"
+    elif [ $((directive & shellCompDirectiveFilterDirs)) -ne 0 ]; then
+        # File completion for directories only
+        local subdir
+        subdir="${completions[1]}"
+        if [ -n "$subdir" ]; then
+            __%[1]s_debug "Listing directories in $subdir"
+            pushd "${subdir}" >/dev/null 2>&1
+        else
+            __%[1]s_debug "Listing directories in ."
+        fi
+
+        local result
+        _arguments '*:dirname:_files -/'" ${flagPrefix}"
+        result=$?
+        if [ -n "$subdir" ]; then
+            popd >/dev/null 2>&1
+        fi
+        return $result
+    else
+        __%[1]s_debug "Calling _describe"
+        if eval _describe $keepOrder "completions" completions $flagPrefix $noSpace; then
+            __%[1]s_debug "_describe found some completions"
+
+            # Return the success of having called _describe
+            return 0
+        else
+            __%[1]s_debug "_describe did not find completions."
+            __%[1]s_debug "Checking if we should do file completion."
+            if [ $((directive & shellCompDirectiveNoFileComp)) -ne 0 ]; then
+                __%[1]s_debug "deactivating file completion"
+
+                # We must return an error code here to let zsh know that there were no
+                # completions found by _describe; this is what will trigger other
+                # matching algorithms to attempt to find completions.
+                # For example zsh can match letters in the middle of words.
+                return 1
+            else
+                # Perform file completion
+                __%[1]s_debug "Activating file completion"
+
+                # We must return the result of this command, so it must be the
+                # last command, or else we must store its result to return it.
+                _arguments '*:filename:_files'" ${flagPrefix}"
+            fi
+        fi
+    fi
+}
+
+# don't run the completion function when being source-ed or eval-ed
+if [ "$funcstack[1]" = "_%[1]s" ]; then
+    _%[1]s
+fi
+`, name, compCmd,
+		ShellCompDirectiveError, ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace, ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp,
+		ShellCompDirectiveFilterFileExt, ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs, ShellCompDirectiveKeepOrder,
+		activeHelpMarker))
+}
diff --git a/zsh_completions_test.go b/zsh_completions_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe898b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zsh_completions_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+// Copyright 2013-2023 The Cobra Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package cobra
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestZshCompletionWithActiveHelp(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Command{Use: "c", Run: emptyRun}
+
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	assertNoErr(t, c.GenZshCompletion(buf))
+	output := buf.String()
+
+	// check that active help is not being disabled
+	activeHelpVar := activeHelpEnvVar(c.Name())
+	checkOmit(t, output, fmt.Sprintf("%s=0", activeHelpVar))
+}