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diff --git a/doc/groff.html.node/Breaking.html b/doc/groff.html.node/Breaking.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a883e07 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/groff.html.node/Breaking.html @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html> +<html> +<!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 7.0.3, https://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ --> +<head> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> +<!-- This manual documents GNU troff version 1.23.0. + +Copyright © 1994-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or +any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no +Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A +copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free +Documentation License". --> +<title>Breaking (The GNU Troff Manual)</title> + +<meta name="description" content="Breaking (The GNU Troff Manual)"> +<meta name="keywords" content="Breaking (The GNU Troff Manual)"> +<meta name="resource-type" content="document"> +<meta name="distribution" content="global"> +<meta name="Generator" content="makeinfo"> +<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"> + +<link href="index.html" rel="start" title="Top"> +<link href="Request-Index.html" rel="index" title="Request Index"> +<link href="index.html#SEC_Contents" rel="contents" title="Table of Contents"> +<link href="Text.html" rel="up" title="Text"> +<link href="Adjustment.html" rel="next" title="Adjustment"> +<link href="Hyphenation.html" rel="prev" title="Hyphenation"> +<style type="text/css"> +<!-- +div.example {margin-left: 3.2em} +--> +</style> + + +</head> + +<body lang="en"> +<div class="subsection-level-extent" id="Breaking"> +<div class="nav-panel"> +<p> +Next: <a href="Adjustment.html" accesskey="n" rel="next">Adjustment</a>, Previous: <a href="Hyphenation.html" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Hyphenation</a>, Up: <a href="Text.html" accesskey="u" rel="up">Text</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Request-Index.html" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> +</div> +<hr> +<h4 class="subsection" id="Breaking-1">5.1.4 Breaking</h4> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-break"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-implicit-line-break"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-line-break_002c-output"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-output-line-break"></a> + +<p>Once an output line is full, the next word (or remainder of a hyphenated +one) is placed on a different output line; this is called a <em class="dfn">break</em>. +In this manual and in <code class="code">roff</code> discussions generally, a “break” if +not further qualified always refers to the termination of an output +line. When the formatter is filling text, it introduces breaks +automatically to keep output lines from exceeding the configured line +length. After an automatic break, GNU <code class="code">troff</code> adjusts the line if +applicable (see below), and then resumes collecting and filling text on +the next output line. +</p> +<p>Sometimes, a line cannot be broken automatically. This usually does +not happen with natural language text unless the output line length has +been manipulated to be extremely short, but it can with specialized +text like program source code. We can use <code class="code">perl</code> at the shell +prompt to contrive an example of failure to break the line. We also +employ the <samp class="option">-z</samp> option to suppress normal output. +</p> +<div class="example"> +<div class="group"><pre class="example-preformatted">$ perl -e 'print "#" x 80, "\n";' | nroff -z + error→ warning: cannot break line +</pre></div></div> + +<p>The remedy for these cases is to tell GNU <code class="code">troff</code> where the line +may be broken without hyphens. This is done with the non-printing break +point escape sequence ‘<samp class="samp">\:</samp>’; see <a class="ref" href="Manipulating-Hyphenation.html">Manipulating Hyphenation</a>. +</p> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-blank-line"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-empty-line"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-line_002c-blank"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-blank-line-macro-_0028blm_0029"></a> +<p>What if the document author wants to stop filling lines temporarily, for +instance to start a new paragraph? There are several solutions. A +blank input line not only causes a break, but by default it also outputs +a one-line vertical space (effectively a blank output line). This +behavior can be modified; see <a class="ref" href="Blank-Line-Traps.html">Blank Line Traps</a>. Macro packages +may discourage or disable the blank line method of paragraphing in favor +of their own macros. +</p> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-leading-spaces"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-spaces_002c-leading-and-trailing"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-trailing-spaces-on-text-lines"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-leading-space-macro-_0028lsm_0029"></a> +<p>A line that begins with one or more spaces causes a break. The spaces +are output at the beginning of the next line without being +<em class="emph">adjusted</em> (see below); however, this behavior can be modified +(see <a class="pxref" href="Leading-Space-Traps.html">Leading Space Traps</a>). Again, macro packages may provide other +methods of producing indented paragraphs. Trailing spaces on text lines +are discarded.<a class="footnote" id="DOCF23" href="groff.html_fot.html#FOOT23"><sup>23</sup></a> +</p> +<p>What if the file ends before enough words have been collected to fill an +output line? Or the output line is exactly full but not yet broken, and +there is no more input? GNU <code class="code">troff</code> interprets the end of input as +a break. Certain requests also cause breaks, implicitly or explicitly. +This is discussed in <a class="ref" href="Manipulating-Filling-and-Adjustment.html">Manipulating Filling and Adjustment</a>. +</p> + +</div> +<hr> +<div class="nav-panel"> +<p> +Next: <a href="Adjustment.html">Adjustment</a>, Previous: <a href="Hyphenation.html">Hyphenation</a>, Up: <a href="Text.html">Text</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Request-Index.html" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> +</div> + + + +</body> +</html> |