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diff --git a/doc/groff.html.node/Character-Translations.html b/doc/groff.html.node/Character-Translations.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a867be8 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/groff.html.node/Character-Translations.html @@ -0,0 +1,200 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html> +<html> +<!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 7.0.3, https://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ --> +<head> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> +<!-- This manual documents GNU troff version 1.23.0. + +Copyright © 1994-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or +any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no +Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A +copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free +Documentation License". --> +<title>Character Translations (The GNU Troff Manual)</title> + +<meta name="description" content="Character Translations (The GNU Troff Manual)"> +<meta name="keywords" content="Character Translations (The GNU Troff Manual)"> +<meta name="resource-type" content="document"> +<meta name="distribution" content="global"> +<meta name="Generator" content="makeinfo"> +<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"> + +<link href="index.html" rel="start" title="Top"> +<link href="Request-Index.html" rel="index" title="Request Index"> +<link href="index.html#SEC_Contents" rel="contents" title="Table of Contents"> +<link href="GNU-troff-Reference.html" rel="up" title="GNU troff Reference"> +<link href="troff-and-nroff-Modes.html" rel="next" title="troff and nroff Modes"> +<link href="Tabs-and-Fields.html" rel="prev" title="Tabs and Fields"> +<style type="text/css"> +<!-- +a.copiable-link {visibility: hidden; text-decoration: none; line-height: 0em} +div.example {margin-left: 3.2em} +kbd.key {font-style: normal} +span.r {font-family: initial; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal} +span:hover a.copiable-link {visibility: visible} +strong.def-name {font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: larger} +ul.mark-bullet {list-style-type: disc} +--> +</style> + + +</head> + +<body lang="en"> +<div class="section-level-extent" id="Character-Translations"> +<div class="nav-panel"> +<p> +Next: <a href="troff-and-nroff-Modes.html" accesskey="n" rel="next"><code class="code">troff</code> and <code class="code">nroff</code> Modes</a>, Previous: <a href="Tabs-and-Fields.html" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Tabs and Fields</a>, Up: <a href="GNU-troff-Reference.html" accesskey="u" rel="up">GNU <code class="code">troff</code> Reference</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Request-Index.html" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> +</div> +<hr> +<h3 class="section" id="Character-Translations-1">5.13 Character Translations</h3> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-character-translations"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-translations-of-characters"></a> + +<p>A <em class="dfn">translation</em> is a mapping of an input character to an output +glyph. The mapping occurs at output time, i.e., the input character +gets assigned the metric information of the mapped output character +right before input tokens are converted to nodes (see <a class="pxref" href="Gtroff-Internals.html"><code class="code">gtroff</code> Internals</a>, for more on this process). +</p> +<dl class="first-deffn"> +<dt class="deffn" id="index-_002etr"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.tr</code></strong> <var class="def-var-arguments"><span class="r"><i class="slanted">a</i></span><span class="r"><i class="slanted">b</i></span><span class="r"><i class="slanted">c</i></span><span class="r"><i class="slanted">d</i></span>…</var><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002etr'> ¶</a></span></dt> +<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-tr"></a> +</dd><dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_002etrin"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.trin</code></strong> <var class="def-var-arguments"><span class="r"><i class="slanted">a</i></span><span class="r"><i class="slanted">b</i></span><span class="r"><i class="slanted">c</i></span><span class="r"><i class="slanted">d</i></span>…</var><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002etrin'> ¶</a></span></dt> +<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-trin"></a> +<p>Translate character <var class="var">a</var> to glyph <var class="var">b</var>, character <var class="var">c</var> to +glyph <var class="var">d</var>, and so on. If there is an odd number of characters +in the argument, the last one is translated to a fixed-width space (the +same one obtained by the <code class="code">\<kbd class="key">SP</kbd></code> escape sequence). +</p> +<p>The <code class="code">trin</code> request is identical to <code class="code">tr</code>, but when you unformat +a diversion with <code class="code">asciify</code> it ignores the translation. +See <a class="xref" href="Diversions.html">Diversions</a>, for details about the <code class="code">asciify</code> request. +</p> +<p>Some notes: +</p> +<ul class="itemize mark-bullet"> +<li><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_005c_0028_002c-and-translations"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_005c_005b_002c-and-translations"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_005c_0027_002c-and-translations"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_005c_0060_002c-and-translations"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_005c_002d_002c-and-translations"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_005c_005f_002c-and-translations"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_005cC_002c-and-translations"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_005cN_002c-and-translations"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-char-request_002c-and-translations"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-special-characters-1"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-character_002c-special"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-numbered-glyph-_0028_005cN_0029"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-glyph_002c-numbered-_0028_005cN_0029"></a> +Special characters (<code class="code">\(<var class="var">xx</var></code>, <code class="code">\[<var class="var">xxx</var>]</code>, +<code class="code">\C'<var class="var">xxx</var>'</code>, <code class="code">\'</code>, <code class="code">\`</code>, <code class="code">\-</code>, <code class="code">\_</code>), +glyphs defined with the <code class="code">char</code> request, and numbered glyphs +(<code class="code">\N'<var class="var">xxx</var>'</code>) can be translated also. + +</li><li><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_005ce_002c-and-translations"></a> +The <code class="code">\e</code> escape can be translated also. + +</li><li><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_005c_0025_002c-and-translations"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_005c_007e_002c-and-translations"></a> +Characters can be mapped onto the <code class="code">\%</code> and <code class="code">\~</code> escape +sequences (but <code class="code">\%</code> and <code class="code">\~</code> can’t be mapped onto another +glyph). + +</li><li><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-backspace-character_002c-and-translations"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-character_002c-backspace_002c-and-translations"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-leader-character_002c-and-translations"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-character_002c-leader_002c-and-translations"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-newline-character_002c-and-translations"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-character_002c-newline_002c-and-translations"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-tab-character_002c-and-translations"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-character_002c-tab_002c-and-translations"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_005ca_002c-and-translations"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_005ct_002c-and-translations"></a> +The following characters can’t be translated: space (with one exception, +see below), backspace, newline, leader (and <code class="code">\a</code>), tab (and +<code class="code">\t</code>). + +</li><li><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-shc-request_002c-and-translations"></a> +Translations are not considered for finding the soft hyphen character +set with the <code class="code">shc</code> request. + +</li><li><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_005c_0026_002c-and-translations"></a> +The pair ‘<samp class="samp"><var class="var">c</var>\&</samp>’ (an arbitrary character <var class="var">c</var> followed +by the dummy character) maps this character to “nothing”. + +<div class="example"> +<div class="group"><pre class="example-preformatted">.tr a\& +foo bar + ⇒ foo br +</pre></div></div> + +<p>Even the space character can be mapped to the dummy character. +</p> +<div class="example"> +<div class="group"><pre class="example-preformatted">.tr aa \& +foo bar + ⇒ foobar +</pre></div></div> + +<p>As shown in the example, the space character can’t be the first +character/glyph pair as an argument of <code class="code">tr</code>. Additionally, it is +not possible to map the space character to any other glyph; requests +like ‘<samp class="samp">.tr aa x</samp>’<!-- /@w --> undo ‘<samp class="samp">.tr aa \&</samp>’<!-- /@w --> instead. +</p> +<p>If justification is active, lines are justified in spite of the ‘empty’ +space character (but there is no minimal distance, i.e., the space +character, between words). +</p> +</li><li>After an output glyph has been constructed (this happens at the moment +immediately before the glyph is appended to an output glyph list, either +by direct output, in a macro, diversion, or string), it is no longer +affected by <code class="code">tr</code>. + +</li><li>Translating character to glyphs where one of them or both are undefined +is possible also; <code class="code">tr</code> does not check whether the elements of its +argument exist. + +<p>See <a class="xref" href="Gtroff-Internals.html"><code class="code">gtroff</code> Internals</a>. +</p> +</li><li>Without an argument, the <code class="code">tr</code> request is ignored. +</li></ul> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="first-deffn"> +<dt class="deffn" id="index-_002etrnt"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.trnt</code></strong> <var class="def-var-arguments"><span class="r"><i class="slanted">a</i></span><span class="r"><i class="slanted">b</i></span><span class="r"><i class="slanted">c</i></span><span class="r"><i class="slanted">d</i></span>…</var><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002etrnt'> ¶</a></span></dt> +<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-trnt"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_005c_0021_002c-and-trnt"></a> +<p><code class="code">trnt</code> is the same as the <code class="code">tr</code> request except that the +translations do not apply to text that is transparently throughput into +a diversion with <code class="code">\!</code>. See <a class="xref" href="Diversions.html">Diversions</a>. +</p> +<p>For example, +</p> +<div class="example"> +<div class="group"><pre class="example-preformatted">.tr ab +.di x +\!.tm a +.di +.x +</pre></div></div> + +<p>prints ‘<samp class="samp">b</samp>’ to the standard error stream; if <code class="code">trnt</code> is used +instead of <code class="code">tr</code> it prints ‘<samp class="samp">a</samp>’. +</p></dd></dl> + + + +</div> +<hr> +<div class="nav-panel"> +<p> +Next: <a href="troff-and-nroff-Modes.html"><code class="code">troff</code> and <code class="code">nroff</code> Modes</a>, Previous: <a href="Tabs-and-Fields.html">Tabs and Fields</a>, Up: <a href="GNU-troff-Reference.html">GNU <code class="code">troff</code> Reference</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Request-Index.html" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> +</div> + + + +</body> +</html> |