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diff --git a/doc/groff.html.node/Manipulating-Spacing.html b/doc/groff.html.node/Manipulating-Spacing.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6b45b8a --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/groff.html.node/Manipulating-Spacing.html @@ -0,0 +1,220 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html> +<html> +<!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 7.0.3, https://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ --> +<head> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> +<!-- This manual documents GNU troff version 1.23.0. + +Copyright © 1994-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or +any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no +Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A +copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free +Documentation License". --> +<title>Manipulating Spacing (The GNU Troff Manual)</title> + +<meta name="description" content="Manipulating Spacing (The GNU Troff Manual)"> +<meta name="keywords" content="Manipulating Spacing (The GNU Troff Manual)"> +<meta name="resource-type" content="document"> +<meta name="distribution" content="global"> +<meta name="Generator" content="makeinfo"> +<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"> + +<link href="index.html" rel="start" title="Top"> +<link href="Request-Index.html" rel="index" title="Request Index"> +<link href="index.html#SEC_Contents" rel="contents" title="Table of Contents"> +<link href="GNU-troff-Reference.html" rel="up" title="GNU troff Reference"> +<link href="Tabs-and-Fields.html" rel="next" title="Tabs and Fields"> +<link href="Manipulating-Hyphenation.html" rel="prev" title="Manipulating Hyphenation"> +<style type="text/css"> +<!-- +a.copiable-link {visibility: hidden; text-decoration: none; line-height: 0em} +div.example {margin-left: 3.2em} +span.r {font-family: initial; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal} +span:hover a.copiable-link {visibility: visible} +strong.def-name {font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: larger} +--> +</style> + + +</head> + +<body lang="en"> +<div class="section-level-extent" id="Manipulating-Spacing"> +<div class="nav-panel"> +<p> +Next: <a href="Tabs-and-Fields.html" accesskey="n" rel="next">Tabs and Fields</a>, Previous: <a href="Manipulating-Hyphenation.html" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Manipulating Hyphenation</a>, Up: <a href="GNU-troff-Reference.html" accesskey="u" rel="up">GNU <code class="code">troff</code> Reference</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Request-Index.html" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> +</div> +<hr> +<h3 class="section" id="Manipulating-Spacing-1">5.11 Manipulating Spacing</h3> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-manipulating-spacing"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-spacing_002c-manipulating"></a> + +<p>A break causes the formatter to update the vertical drawing position at +which the new text baseline is aligned. You can alter this location. +</p> +<dl class="first-deffn"> +<dt class="deffn" id="index-_002esp"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.sp</code></strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[<span class="r"><i class="slanted">distance</i></span>]</var><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002esp'> ¶</a></span></dt> +<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-sp"></a> +<p>Break and move the next text baseline down by <var class="var">distance</var>, or until +springing a page location trap.<a class="footnote" id="DOCF62" href="groff.html_fot.html#FOOT62"><sup>62</sup></a> +If invoked with the no-break control character, <code class="code">sp</code> moves the +pending output line’s text baseline by <var class="var">distance</var>. A negative +<var class="var">distance</var> will not reduce the position of the text baseline below +zero. Inside a diversion, any <var class="var">distance</var> argument is ignored. The +default scaling unit is ‘<samp class="samp">v</samp>’. If <var class="var">distance</var> is not specified, +‘<samp class="samp">1v</samp>’ is assumed. +</p> +<div class="example"> +<div class="group"><pre class="example-preformatted">.pl 5v \" Set page length to 5 vees. +.de xx +\-\-\- +. br +.. +.wh 0 xx \" Set a trap at the top of the page. +foo on page \n% +.sp 2v +bar on page \n% +.sp 50v \" This will cause a page break. +baz on page \n% +.pl \n(nlu \" Truncate page to current position. + ⇒ --- + ⇒ foo on page 1 + ⇒ + ⇒ + ⇒ bar on page 1 + ⇒ --- + ⇒ baz on page 2 +</pre></div></div> + +<p>You might use the following macros to set the baseline of the next +output text at a given distance from the top or the bottom of the page. +We subtract one line height (<code class="code">\n[.v]</code>) because the <code class="code">|</code> +operator moves to one vee below the page top (recall <a class="ref" href="Numeric-Expressions.html">Numeric Expressions</a>). +</p> +<div class="example"> +<div class="group"><pre class="example-preformatted">.de y-from-top-down +. sp |\\$1-\\n[.v]u +.. +. +.de y-from-bot-up +. sp |\\n[.p]u-\\$1-\\n[.v]u +.. +</pre></div></div> + +<p>A call to ‘<samp class="samp">.y-from-bot-up 10c</samp>’ means that the next text baseline +will be 10 cm from the bottom edge of the paper. +</p></dd></dl> + +<dl class="first-deffn"> +<dt class="deffn" id="index-_002els"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.ls</code></strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[<span class="r"><i class="slanted">count</i></span>]</var><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002els'> ¶</a></span></dt> +<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-ls"></a> +</dd><dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_005cn_005b_002eL_005d"><span class="category-def">Register: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\n[.L]</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005cn_005b_002eL_005d'> ¶</a></span></dt> +<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_002eL"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-double_002dspacing-_0028ls_0029"></a> +<p>Set the line spacing; add <var class="var">count</var>−1<!-- /@w --> blank lines after each +line of text. With no argument, GNU <code class="code">troff</code> uses the previous +value before the last <code class="code">ls</code> call. The default is <code class="code">1</code>. +</p> + +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-line-spacing-register-_0028_002eL_0029"></a> +<p>The read-only register <code class="code">.L</code> contains the current line spacing; it +is associated with the environment (see <a class="pxref" href="Environments.html">Environments</a>). +</p></dd></dl> + +<p>The <code class="code">ls</code> request is a coarse mechanism. See <a class="xref" href="Changing-the-Type-Size.html">Changing the Type Size</a>, for the requests <code class="code">vs</code> and <code class="code">pvs</code> as alternatives to +<code class="code">ls</code>. +</p> +<dl class="first-deffn"> +<dt class="deffn" id="index-_005cx_0027spacing_0027"><span class="category-def">Escape sequence: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\x<code class="code">'</code></code><span class="r"><i class="slanted">spacing</i></span><code class="t"><code class="code">'</code></code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005cx_0027spacing_0027'> ¶</a></span></dt> +<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_005cx"></a> +</dd><dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_005cn_005b_002ea_005d"><span class="category-def">Register: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\n[.a]</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005cn_005b_002ea_005d'> ¶</a></span></dt> +<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_002ea"></a> +<p>Sometimes, an output line requires additional vertical spacing, for +instance to allow room for a tall construct like an inline equation with +exponents or subscripts (particularly if they are iterated). The +<code class="code">\x</code> escape sequence takes a delimited measurement (like +‘<samp class="samp">\x'3p'</samp>’) to increase the vertical spacing of the pending output +line. The default scaling unit is ‘<samp class="samp">v</samp>’. If the measurement is +positive, extra vertical space is inserted below the current line; a +negative measurement adds space above. If <code class="code">\x</code> is applied to the +pending output line multiple times, the maxima of the positive and +negative adjustments are separately applied. The delimiter need not be +a neutral apostrophe; see <a class="ref" href="Delimiters.html">Delimiters</a>. +</p> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-extra-post_002dvertical-line-space-register-_0028_002ea_0029"></a> +<p>The <code class="code">.a</code> read-only register contains the extra vertical spacing +<em class="emph">after</em> the text baseline of the most recently emitted output line. +(In other words, it is the largest positive argument to <code class="code">\x</code> +encountered on that line.) This quantity is exposed via a register +because if an output line requires this “extra post-vertical line +spacing”, and the subsequent output line requires “extra pre-vertical +line spacing” (a negative argument to <code class="code">\x</code>), then applying both +can lead to excessive spacing between the output lines. Text that is +piling high on line <var class="var">n</var> might not require (as much) extra +pre-vertical line spacing if line <var class="var">n</var>−1 carries extra +post-vertical line spacing. +</p> +<p>Use of <code class="code">\x</code> can be necessary in combination with the +bracket-building escape sequence <code class="code">\b</code>,<a class="footnote" id="DOCF63" href="groff.html_fot.html#FOOT63"><sup>63</sup></a> as the following example shows. +</p> +<div class="example"> +<div class="group"><pre class="example-preformatted">.nf +This is a test of \[rs]b (1). +This is a test of \[rs]b (2). +This is a test of \b'xyz'\x'-1m'\x'1m' (3). +This is a test of \[rs]b (4). +This is a test of \[rs]b (5). + ⇒ This is a test of \b (1). + ⇒ This is a test of \b (2). + ⇒ x + ⇒ This is a test of y (3). + ⇒ z + ⇒ This is a test of \b (4). + ⇒ This is a test of \b (5). +</pre></div></div> +</dd></dl> + +<p>Without <code class="code">\x</code>, the backslashes on the lines marked ‘<samp class="samp">(2)</samp>’ and +‘<samp class="samp">(4)</samp>’ would be overprinted. +</p> +<dl class="first-deffn"> +<dt class="deffn" id="index-_002ens"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.ns</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002ens'> ¶</a></span></dt> +<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-ns"></a> +</dd><dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_002ers"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.rs</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002ers'> ¶</a></span></dt> +<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-rs"></a> +</dd><dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_005cn_005b_002ens_005d"><span class="category-def">Register: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\n[.ns]</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005cn_005b_002ens_005d'> ¶</a></span></dt> +<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_002ens-1"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-sp-request_002c-and-no_002dspace-mode"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-no_002dspace-mode-_0028ns_0029"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-mode_002c-no_002dspace-_0028ns_0029"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-blank-lines_002c-disabling"></a> +<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-lines_002c-blank_002c-disabling"></a> +<p>Enable <em class="dfn">no-space mode</em>. Vertical spacing, whether by <code class="code">sp</code> +requests or blank input lines, is disabled. The <code class="code">bp</code> request to +advance to the next page is also disabled, unless it is accompanied by a +page number (see <a class="pxref" href="Page-Control.html">Page Control</a>). No-space mode ends automatically +when text<a class="footnote" id="DOCF64" href="groff.html_fot.html#FOOT64"><sup>64</sup></a> is formatted for output <a class="footnote" id="DOCF65" href="groff.html_fot.html#FOOT65"><sup>65</sup></a> or the <code class="code">rs</code> request is invoked, which ends +no-space mode. The read-only register <code class="code">.ns</code> interpolates a Boolean +value indicating the enablement of no-space mode. +</p> +<p>A paragraphing macro might ordinarily insert vertical space to separate +paragraphs. A section heading macro could invoke <code class="code">ns</code> to suppress +this spacing for the first paragraph in a section. +</p></dd></dl> + + + +</div> +<hr> +<div class="nav-panel"> +<p> +Next: <a href="Tabs-and-Fields.html">Tabs and Fields</a>, Previous: <a href="Manipulating-Hyphenation.html">Manipulating Hyphenation</a>, Up: <a href="GNU-troff-Reference.html">GNU <code class="code">troff</code> Reference</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Request-Index.html" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> +</div> + + + +</body> +</html> |