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diff --git a/doc/groff.html.node/ms-basic-information.html b/doc/groff.html.node/ms-basic-information.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cc87b0b --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/groff.html.node/ms-basic-information.html @@ -0,0 +1,211 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html> +<html> +<!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 7.0.3, https://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ --> +<head> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> +<!-- This manual documents GNU troff version 1.23.0. + +Copyright © 1994-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or +any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no +Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A +copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free +Documentation License". --> +<title>ms basic information (The GNU Troff Manual)</title> + +<meta name="description" content="ms basic information (The GNU Troff Manual)"> +<meta name="keywords" content="ms basic information (The GNU Troff Manual)"> +<meta name="resource-type" content="document"> +<meta name="distribution" content="global"> +<meta name="Generator" content="makeinfo"> +<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"> + +<link href="index.html" rel="start" title="Top"> +<link href="Request-Index.html" rel="index" title="Request Index"> +<link href="index.html#SEC_Contents" rel="contents" title="Table of Contents"> +<link href="ms-Introduction.html" rel="up" title="ms Introduction"> +<link href="ms-Document-Structure.html" rel="next" title="ms Document Structure"> +<link href="ms-Introduction.html" rel="prev" title="ms Introduction"> +<style type="text/css"> +<!-- +div.example {margin-left: 3.2em} +span.r {font-family: initial; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal} +--> +</style> + + +</head> + +<body lang="en"> +<div class="subsubsection-level-extent" id="ms-basic-information"> +<div class="nav-panel"> +<p> +Next: <a href="ms-Document-Structure.html" accesskey="n" rel="next">Document Structure</a>, Previous: <a href="ms-Introduction.html" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Introduction</a>, Up: <a href="ms-Introduction.html" accesskey="u" rel="up">Introduction</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Request-Index.html" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> +</div> +<hr> +<h4 class="subsubsection" id="Basic-information">4.6.1.1 Basic information</h4> + +<p><samp class="file">ms</samp> documents are plain text files; prepare them with your +preferred text editor. If you’re in a hurry to start, know that +<samp class="file">ms</samp> needs one of its macros called at the beginning of a document +so that it can initialize. A <em class="dfn">macro</em> is a formatting instruction to +<samp class="file">ms</samp>. Put a macro call on a line by itself. Use ‘<samp class="samp">.PP</samp>’ if you +want your paragraph’s first line to be indented, or ‘<samp class="samp">.LP</samp>’ if you +don’t. +</p> +<p>After that, start typing normally. It is a good practice to start each +sentence on a new line, or to put two spaces after sentence-ending +punctuation, so that the formatter knows where the sentence boundaries +are. You can separate paragraphs with further paragraphing macros, or +with blank lines, and you can indent with tabs. When you need one of +the features mentioned earlier (see <a class="pxref" href="ms.html"><samp class="file">ms</samp></a>), return to this part of the +manual. +</p> +<p>Format the document with the <code class="command">groff</code> command. <code class="command">nroff</code> +can be useful for previewing. +</p> +<table class="cartouche" border="1"><tr><td> +<div class="example"> +<pre class="example-preformatted">$ editor radical.ms +$ nroff -ww -z -ms radical.ms # check for errors +$ nroff -ms radical.ms | less -R +$ groff -T ps -ms radical.ms > radical.ps +$ see radical.ps +</pre></div> +</td></tr></table> + +<p>Our <samp class="file">radical.ms</samp> document might look like this. +</p> +<table class="cartouche" border="1"><tr><td> +<div class="example"> +<pre class="example-preformatted">.LP +Radical novelties are so disturbing that they tend to be +suppressed or ignored, to the extent that even the +possibility of their existence in general is more often +denied than admitted. + +→That's what Dijkstra said, anyway. +</pre></div> +</td></tr></table> + +<p><samp class="file">ms</samp> exposes many aspects of document layout to user control via +<code class="code">groff</code>’s <em class="dfn">registers</em> and <em class="dfn">strings</em>, which store numbers +and text, respectively. Measurements in <code class="code">groff</code> are expressed with +a suffix called a <em class="dfn">scaling unit</em>. +</p> +<dl class="table"> +<dt><code class="code">i</code></dt> +<dd><p>inches +</p> +</dd> +<dt><code class="code">c</code></dt> +<dd><p>centimeters +</p> +</dd> +<dt><code class="code">p</code></dt> +<dd><p>points (1/72 inch) +</p> +</dd> +<dt><code class="code">P</code></dt> +<dd><p>picas (1/6 inch) +</p> +</dd> +<dt><code class="code">v</code></dt> +<dd><p>vees; current vertical spacing +</p> +</dd> +<dt><code class="code">m</code></dt> +<dd><p>ems; width of an “M” in the current font +</p> +</dd> +<dt><code class="code">n</code></dt> +<dd><p>ens; one-half em +</p></dd> +</dl> + +<p>Set registers with the <code class="code">nr</code> request and strings with the <code class="code">ds</code> +request. <em class="dfn">Requests</em> are like macro calls; they go on lines by +themselves and start with the <em class="dfn">control character</em>, a dot (<code class="code">.</code>). +The difference is that they directly instruct the formatter program, +rather than the macro package. We’ll discuss a few as applicable. It +is wise to specify a scaling unit when setting any register that +represents a length, size, or distance. +</p> +<table class="cartouche" border="1"><tr><td> +<div class="example"> +<pre class="example-preformatted">.nr PS 10.5p \" Use 10.5-point type. +.ds FAM P \" Use Palatino font family. +</pre></div> +</td></tr></table> + +<p>In the foregoing, we see that <code class="code">\"</code> begins a comment. This is an +example of an <em class="dfn">escape sequence</em>, the other kind of formatting +instruction. Escape sequences can appear anywhere. They begin with the +escape character (<code class="code">\</code>) and are followed by at least one more +character. <samp class="file">ms</samp> documents +tend to use only a few of <code class="code">groff</code>’s many requests and escape +sequences; see <a class="ref" href="Request-Index.html">Request Index</a> and <a class="ref" href="Escape-Sequence-Index.html">Escape Sequence Index</a> or +the <cite class="cite">groff<span class="r">(7)</span></cite> man page for complete lists. +</p> +<dl class="table"> +<dt><code class="code">\"</code></dt> +<dd><p>Begin comment; ignore remainder of line. +</p> +</dd> +<dt><code class="code">\n[<var class="var">reg</var>]</code></dt> +<dd><p>Interpolate value of register <var class="var">reg</var>. +</p> +</dd> +<dt><code class="code">\*[<var class="var">str</var>]</code></dt> +<dd><p>Interpolate contents of string <var class="var">str</var>. +</p> +</dd> +<dt><code class="code">\*<var class="var">s</var></code></dt> +<dd><p>abbreviation of <code class="code">\*[<var class="var">s</var>]</code>; the name <var class="var">s</var> must be only one +character +</p> +</dd> +<dt><code class="code">\[<var class="var">char</var>]</code></dt> +<dd><p>Interpolate glyph of special character named <var class="var">char</var>. +</p> +</dd> +<dt><code class="code">\&</code></dt> +<dd><p>dummy character +</p> +</dd> +<dt><code class="code">\~</code></dt> +<dd><p>Insert an unbreakable space that is adjustable like a normal space. +</p> +</dd> +<dt><code class="code">\|</code></dt> +<dd><p>Move horizontally by one-sixth em (“thin space”). +</p></dd> +</dl> + +<p>Prefix any words that start with a dot ‘<samp class="samp">.</samp>’ or neutral apostrophe +‘<samp class="samp">'</samp>’ with <code class="code">\&</code> if they are at the beginning of an input line +(or might become that way in editing) to prevent them from being +interpreted as macro calls or requests. Suffix ‘<samp class="samp">.</samp>’, ‘<samp class="samp">?</samp>’, and +‘<samp class="samp">!</samp>’ with <code class="code">\&</code> when needed to cancel end-of-sentence detection. +</p> +<table class="cartouche" border="1"><tr><td> +<div class="example"> +<pre class="example-preformatted">My exposure was \&.5 to \&.6 Sv of neutrons, said Dr.\& +Wallace after the criticality incident. +</pre></div> +</td></tr></table> + + +</div> +<hr> +<div class="nav-panel"> +<p> +Next: <a href="ms-Document-Structure.html">Document Structure</a>, Previous: <a href="ms-Introduction.html">Introduction</a>, Up: <a href="ms-Introduction.html">Introduction</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Request-Index.html" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> +</div> + + + +</body> +</html> |