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<title>Changing the Vertical Spacing (The GNU Troff Manual)</title>
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<div class="subsection-level-extent" id="Changing-the-Vertical-Spacing">
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<h4 class="subsection" id="Changing-the-Vertical-Spacing-1">5.20.2 Changing the Vertical Spacing</h4>
<dl class="first-deffn">
<dt class="deffn" id="index-_002evs"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.vs</code></strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[<span class="r"><i class="slanted">space</i></span>]</var><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002evs'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-vs"></a>
</dd><dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_002evs-1"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.vs</code></strong> <var class="def-var-arguments"><code class="t">+</code><span class="r"><i class="slanted">space</i></span></var><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002evs-1'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_002evs-2"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.vs</code></strong> <var class="def-var-arguments"><code class="t">-</code><span class="r"><i class="slanted">space</i></span></var><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002evs-2'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_005cn_005b_002ev_005d"><span class="category-def">Register: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\n[.v]</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005cn_005b_002ev_005d'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_002ev"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-changing-vertical-line-spacing-_0028vs_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-vertical-line-spacing_002c-changing-_0028vs_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-vertical-line-spacing-register-_0028_002ev_0029"></a>
<p>Set the vertical spacing to, or alter it by, <var class="var">space</var>. The default
scaling unit is ‘<samp class="samp">p</samp>’. If <code class="code">vs</code> is called without an argument,
the vertical spacing is reset to the previous value before the last call
to <code class="code">vs</code>.
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_002eV-register_002c-and-vs"></a>
GNU <code class="code">troff</code> emits a warning in category ‘<samp class="samp">range</samp>’ if <var class="var">space</var>
is negative; the vertical spacing is then set to the smallest possible
positive value, the vertical motion quantum (as found in the <code class="code">.V</code>
register).
</p>
<p>‘<samp class="samp">.vs 0</samp>’<!-- /@w --> isn’t saved in a diversion since it doesn’t result in
a vertical motion. You must explicitly issue this request before
interpolating the diversion.
</p>
<p>The read-only register <code class="code">.v</code> contains the vertical spacing; it is
associated with the environment (see <a class="pxref" href="Environments.html">Environments</a>).
</p></dd></dl>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-vertical-line-spacing_002c-effective-value"></a>
<p>When a break occurs, GNU <code class="code">troff</code> performs the following procedure.
</p>
<ul class="itemize mark-bullet">
<li><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-extra-pre_002dvertical-line-space-_0028_005cx_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-line-space_002c-extra-pre_002dvertical-_0028_005cx_0029"></a>
Move the drawing position vertically by the <em class="dfn">extra pre-vertical line
space</em>, the minimum of all negative <code class="code">\x</code> escape sequence arguments
in the pending output line.
</li><li>Move the drawing position vertically by the vertical line spacing.
</li><li>Write out the pending output line.
</li><li><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-extra-post_002dvertical-line-space-_0028_005cx_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-line-space_002c-extra-post_002dvertical-_0028_005cx_0029"></a>
Move the drawing position vertically by the <em class="dfn">extra post-vertical line
space</em>, the maximum of all positive <code class="code">\x</code> escape sequence arguments
in the line that has just been output.
</li><li><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-post_002dvertical-line-spacing"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-line-spacing_002c-post_002dvertical-_0028pvs_0029"></a>
Move the drawing position vertically by the <em class="dfn">post-vertical line
spacing</em> (see below).
</li></ul>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-double_002dspacing-_0028vs_002c-pvs_0029"></a>
<p>Prefer <code class="code">vs</code> or <code class="code">pvs</code> over <code class="code">ls</code> to produce double-spaced
documents. <code class="code">vs</code> and <code class="code">pvs</code> have finer granularity than
<code class="code">ls</code>; moreover, some preprocessors assume single spacing.
See <a class="xref" href="Manipulating-Spacing.html">Manipulating Spacing</a>, regarding the <code class="code">\x</code> escape sequence and
the <code class="code">ls</code> request.
</p>
<dl class="first-deffn">
<dt class="deffn" id="index-_002epvs"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.pvs</code></strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[<span class="r"><i class="slanted">space</i></span>]</var><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002epvs'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-pvs"></a>
</dd><dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_002epvs-1"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.pvs</code></strong> <var class="def-var-arguments"><code class="t">+</code><span class="r"><i class="slanted">space</i></span></var><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002epvs-1'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_002epvs-2"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.pvs</code></strong> <var class="def-var-arguments"><code class="t">-</code><span class="r"><i class="slanted">space</i></span></var><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002epvs-2'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_005cn_005b_002epvs_005d"><span class="category-def">Register: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\n[.pvs]</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005cn_005b_002epvs_005d'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_002epvs-3"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-ls-request_002c-alternative-to-_0028pvs_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-post_002dvertical-line-spacing_002c-changing-_0028pvs_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-post_002dvertical-line-spacing-register-_0028_002epvs_0029"></a>
<p>Set the post-vertical spacing to, or alter it by, <var class="var">space</var>. The
default scaling unit is ‘<samp class="samp">p</samp>’. If <code class="code">pvs</code> is called without an
argument, the post-vertical spacing is reset to the previous value
before the last call to <code class="code">pvs</code>. GNU <code class="code">troff</code> emits a warning in
category ‘<samp class="samp">range</samp>’ if <var class="var">space</var> is negative; the post-vertical
spacing is then set to zero.
</p>
<p>The read-only register <code class="code">.pvs</code> contains the post-vertical spacing;
it is associated with the environment (see <a class="pxref" href="Environments.html">Environments</a>).
</p></dd></dl>
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