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+/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 4; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 4 -*- */
+/*
+ * This file is part of the LibreOffice project.
+ *
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ */
+
+#ifndef INCLUDED_RTL_STRINGCONCAT_HXX
+#define INCLUDED_RTL_STRINGCONCAT_HXX
+
+// This file is only included from LIBO_INTERNAL_ONLY
+
+#include "rtl/stringutils.hxx"
+#include "rtl/string.h"
+#include "rtl/ustring.h"
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <string_view>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <utility>
+
+#include <string.h>
+
+#if defined RTL_STRING_UNITTEST_CONCAT
+extern bool rtl_string_unittest_invalid_concat;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef RTL_STRING_UNITTEST
+#define rtl rtlunittest
+#endif
+namespace rtl
+{
+#ifdef RTL_STRING_UNITTEST
+#undef rtl
+#endif
+
+/*
+Implementation of efficient string concatenation.
+
+The whole system is built around two basic template classes:
+- ToStringHelper< T > - for each T it can give the length of the resulting string representation and can write
+ this string representation to a buffer
+- O(U)StringConcat< T1, T2 > - operator+ now, instead of creating O(U)String object, returns only this helper object,
+ that keeps a reference to both operator+ operands; only when converted to O(U)String it will actually create
+ the resulting string object using ToStringHelper, creating directly the resulting object without any string
+ intermediate objects
+As all the code is inline methods, it allows for extensive optimization and will usually result in very effective code
+(even surpassing strlen/strcat and equalling handwritten), while allowing for very easy and intuitive syntax.
+*/
+
+/**
+@internal
+
+Helper class for converting a given type to a string representation.
+*/
+template< typename T >
+struct ToStringHelper
+{
+ /// Return length of the string representation of the given object.
+ // static std::size_t length( const T& );
+ /// Add 8-bit representation of the given object to the given buffer and return position right after the added data.
+ // char* operator()( char* buffer, const T& ) const SAL_RETURNS_NONNULL;
+ /// Add Unicode representation of the given object to the given buffer and return position right after the added data.
+ // sal_Unicode* operator()( sal_Unicode* buffer, const T& ) const SAL_RETURNS_NONNULL;
+};
+
+/// If true, T can be used in concatenation resulting in O(U)String.
+template<typename C, typename T, class Enable = void> constexpr bool allowStringConcat = false;
+template<typename C, typename T> constexpr bool allowStringConcat<C, T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_invocable_v<ToStringHelper<T>, C*, T>>> = true;
+
+template <typename C> inline
+C* addDataHelper( C* buffer, const C* data, std::size_t length )
+{
+ if (length != 0) {
+ memcpy( buffer, data, length * sizeof( C ));
+ }
+ return buffer + length;
+}
+
+inline
+sal_Unicode* addDataLiteral( sal_Unicode* buffer, const char* data, std::size_t length )
+{
+ for( std::size_t i = 0; i != length; ++i )
+ *buffer++ = *data++;
+ return buffer;
+}
+
+template <typename C> inline
+C* addDataString( C* buffer, const C* str )
+{
+ while( *str != '\0' )
+ *buffer++ = *str++;
+ return buffer;
+}
+
+template<>
+struct ToStringHelper< const char* >
+{
+ static std::size_t length( const char* str ) {
+ return str ? strlen( str ) : 0;
+ }
+ char* operator()( char* buffer, const char* str ) const {
+ return str ? addDataString( buffer, str ) : buffer;
+ }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct ToStringHelper< char* > : public ToStringHelper< const char* > {};
+
+template< std::size_t N >
+struct ToStringHelper< char[ N ] >
+{
+ static std::size_t length( const char str[ N ] ) {
+ return strlen( str );
+ }
+ char* operator()( char* buffer, const char str[ N ] ) const { return addDataString( buffer, str ); }
+};
+
+template< std::size_t N >
+struct ToStringHelper< const char[ N ] >
+{
+ static std::size_t length( const char str[ N ] ) { (void)str; assert( strlen( str ) == N - 1 ); return N - 1; }
+ char* operator()( char* buffer, const char str[ N ] ) const { return addDataHelper( buffer, str, N - 1 ); }
+ sal_Unicode* operator()( sal_Unicode* buffer, const char str[ N ] ) const { return addDataLiteral( buffer, str, N - 1 ); }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct ToStringHelper<OStringChar>
+{
+ static std::size_t length(OStringChar) { return 1; }
+ char* operator()(char* buffer, OStringChar data) const
+ { return addDataHelper(buffer, &data.c, 1); }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct ToStringHelper< const sal_Unicode* >
+{
+ static std::size_t length( const sal_Unicode* str ) {
+ return str ? std::char_traits<char16_t>::length( str ) : 0;
+ }
+ sal_Unicode* operator()( sal_Unicode* buffer, const sal_Unicode* str ) const {
+ return str ? addDataString( buffer, str ) : buffer;
+ }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct ToStringHelper< sal_Unicode* > : public ToStringHelper< const sal_Unicode* > {};
+
+template<std::size_t N>
+struct ToStringHelper<sal_Unicode[ N ]>
+{
+ static std::size_t length( const sal_Unicode str[ N ] ) {
+ return std::char_traits<char16_t>::length( str );
+ }
+ sal_Unicode * operator()(sal_Unicode * buffer, sal_Unicode const str[N]) const
+ { return addDataHelper(buffer, str, N - 1); }
+};
+
+template<std::size_t N>
+struct ToStringHelper<sal_Unicode const[N]>
+{
+ static std::size_t length( const sal_Unicode str[ N ] ) { (void)str; assert( std::char_traits<char16_t>::length( str ) == N - 1 ); return N - 1; }
+ sal_Unicode * operator()(sal_Unicode * buffer, sal_Unicode const str[N]) const
+ { return addDataHelper(buffer, str, N - 1); }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct ToStringHelper<OUStringChar_>
+{
+ static std::size_t length(OUStringChar_) { return 1; }
+ sal_Unicode * operator()(sal_Unicode * buffer, OUStringChar_ literal) const
+ { return addDataHelper(buffer, &literal.c, 1); }
+};
+
+/**
+@internal
+
+Objects returned by operator+, instead of O(U)String. These objects (possibly recursively) keep a representation of the whole
+concatenation operation.
+
+If you get a build error related to this class, you most probably need to explicitly convert the result of a string
+concatenation to O(U)String.
+*/
+template <typename C, typename T1, typename T2, std::enable_if_t<allowStringConcat<C, T1> && allowStringConcat<C, T2>, int> = 0 >
+struct StringConcat
+{
+public:
+ StringConcat( const T1& left_, const T2& right_ ) : left( left_ ), right( right_ ) {}
+ std::size_t length() const { return ToStringHelper< T1 >::length( left ) + ToStringHelper< T2 >::length( right ); }
+ C* addData( C* buffer ) const SAL_RETURNS_NONNULL { return ToStringHelper< T2 >()( ToStringHelper< T1 >()( buffer, left ), right ); }
+ // NOTE here could be functions that would forward to the "real" temporary O(U)String. Note however that e.g. getStr()
+ // is not so simple, as the O(U)String temporary must live long enough (i.e. can't be created here in a function, a wrapper
+ // temporary object containing it must be returned instead).
+private:
+ const T1& left;
+ const T2& right;
+};
+
+template <typename C, typename T1, typename T2> struct ToStringHelper<StringConcat<C, T1, T2>>
+{
+ static std::size_t length(const StringConcat<C, T1, T2 >& c) { return c.length(); }
+ C* operator()(C* buffer, const StringConcat<C, T1, T2>& c) const SAL_RETURNS_NONNULL { return c.addData(buffer); }
+};
+
+template <typename T1, typename T2> using OStringConcat = StringConcat<char, T1, T2>;
+template <typename T1, typename T2> using OUStringConcat = StringConcat<sal_Unicode, T1, T2>;
+
+template< typename T1, typename T2 >
+[[nodiscard]]
+inline
+OStringConcat< T1, T2 > operator+( const T1& left, const T2& right )
+{
+ return OStringConcat< T1, T2 >( left, right );
+}
+
+// char[N] and const char[N] need to be done explicitly, otherwise the compiler likes to treat them the same way for some reason
+template< typename T, std::size_t N >
+[[nodiscard]]
+inline
+OStringConcat< T, const char[ N ] > operator+( const T& left, const char (&right)[ N ] )
+{
+ return OStringConcat< T, const char[ N ] >( left, right );
+}
+
+template< typename T, std::size_t N >
+[[nodiscard]]
+inline
+OStringConcat< const char[ N ], T > operator+( const char (&left)[ N ], const T& right )
+{
+ return OStringConcat< const char[ N ], T >( left, right );
+}
+
+template< typename T, std::size_t N >
+[[nodiscard]]
+inline
+OStringConcat< T, char[ N ] > operator+( const T& left, char (&right)[ N ] )
+{
+ return OStringConcat< T, char[ N ] >( left, right );
+}
+
+template< typename T, std::size_t N >
+[[nodiscard]]
+inline
+OStringConcat< char[ N ], T > operator+( char (&left)[ N ], const T& right )
+{
+ return OStringConcat< char[ N ], T >( left, right );
+}
+
+template< typename T1, typename T2 >
+[[nodiscard]]
+inline
+OUStringConcat< T1, T2 > operator+( const T1& left, const T2& right )
+{
+ return OUStringConcat< T1, T2 >( left, right );
+}
+
+template< typename T1, typename T2 >
+[[nodiscard]]
+inline
+typename std::enable_if_t< libreoffice_internal::ConstCharArrayDetector< T1, void >::ok, OUStringConcat< T1, T2 > > operator+( T1& left, const T2& right )
+{
+ return OUStringConcat< T1, T2 >( left, right );
+}
+
+template< typename T1, typename T2 >
+[[nodiscard]]
+inline
+typename std::enable_if_t< libreoffice_internal::ConstCharArrayDetector< T2, void >::ok, OUStringConcat< T1, T2 > > operator+( const T1& left, T2& right )
+{
+ return OUStringConcat< T1, T2 >( left, right );
+}
+
+#ifdef RTL_STRING_UNITTEST_CONCAT
+// Special overload to catch the remaining invalid combinations. The helper struct must
+// be used to make this operator+ overload a worse choice than all the existing overloads above.
+struct StringConcatInvalid
+ {
+ template< typename T >
+ StringConcatInvalid( const T& ) {}
+ };
+template< typename T >
+inline
+int operator+( const StringConcatInvalid&, const T& )
+ {
+ rtl_string_unittest_invalid_concat = true;
+ return 0; // doesn't matter
+ }
+#endif
+
+// Lightweight alternative to O(U)String when a (temporary) object is needed to hold
+// an O(U)StringConcat result that can then be used as a std::(u16)string_view:
+template <typename C> class StringConcatenation {
+public:
+ template <class Concat>
+ explicit StringConcatenation(Concat const& c):
+ length_(c.length()),
+ buffer_(new C[length_])
+ {
+ auto const end = c.addData(buffer_.get());
+ assert(end == buffer_.get() + length_); (void)end;
+ }
+
+ operator std::basic_string_view<C>() const { return {buffer_.get(), length_}; }
+
+private:
+ std::size_t length_;
+ std::unique_ptr<C[]> buffer_;
+};
+
+template <typename C, typename T1, typename T2> auto Concat2View(StringConcat<C, T1, T2> const& c)
+{
+ return StringConcatenation<C>(c);
+}
+
+/**
+* O(U)StringNumber implementation
+
+Objects returned by O(U)String::number(), instead of O(U)String. These objects keep a representation of the number() operation.
+
+If you get a build error related to this class, you most probably need to explicitly convert the result of calling
+O(U)String::number() to O(U)String.
+*/
+
+template <typename C, std::size_t nBufSize> struct StringNumber
+{
+ template <typename Func, typename... Args,
+ std::enable_if_t<std::is_invocable_r_v<sal_Int32, Func, C*, Args...>, int> = 0>
+ StringNumber(Func func, Args... args) { length = func(buf, args...); }
+ // O(U)String::number(value).getStr() is very common (writing xml code, ...),
+ // so implement that one also here, to avoid having to explicitly convert
+ // to O(U)String in all such places
+ const C* getStr() const SAL_RETURNS_NONNULL { return buf; }
+ StringNumber&& toAsciiUpperCase() &&
+ {
+ if constexpr (sizeof(C) == sizeof(char))
+ rtl_str_toAsciiUpperCase_WithLength(buf, length);
+ else
+ rtl_ustr_toAsciiUpperCase_WithLength(buf, length);
+ return std::move(*this);
+ }
+ operator std::basic_string_view<C>() const { return std::basic_string_view<C>(buf, length); }
+ C buf[nBufSize];
+ sal_Int32 length;
+};
+
+template<std::size_t nBufSize> using OStringNumber = StringNumber<char, nBufSize>;
+template<std::size_t nBufSize> using OUStringNumber = StringNumber<sal_Unicode, nBufSize>;
+
+template< typename C, std::size_t nBufSize >
+struct ToStringHelper< StringNumber< C, nBufSize > >
+{
+ static std::size_t length( const StringNumber< C, nBufSize >& n ) { return n.length; }
+ C* operator()( C* buffer, const StringNumber< C, nBufSize >& n ) const SAL_RETURNS_NONNULL { return addDataHelper( buffer, n.buf, n.length ); }
+};
+
+template<typename C> struct ToStringHelper<std::basic_string_view<C>> {
+ static constexpr std::size_t length(std::basic_string_view<C> s) { return s.size(); }
+
+ C * operator()(C * buffer, std::basic_string_view<C> s) const SAL_RETURNS_NONNULL
+ { return addDataHelper(buffer, s.data(), s.size()); }
+};
+
+// An internal marker class used by O(U)String::Concat:
+template<typename C> struct StringConcatMarker {};
+
+using OStringConcatMarker = StringConcatMarker<char>;
+using OUStringConcatMarker = StringConcatMarker<sal_Unicode>;
+
+template<typename C> constexpr bool allowStringConcat<C, StringConcatMarker<C>> = true;
+
+#if defined __GNUC__ && !defined __clang__
+template <typename C, typename T2>
+struct StringConcat<C, StringConcatMarker<C>, T2>
+#else
+template <typename C, typename T2, std::enable_if_t<allowStringConcat<C, T2>, int> Dummy>
+struct StringConcat<C, StringConcatMarker<C>, T2, Dummy>
+#endif
+{
+public:
+ StringConcat( const T2& right_ ) : right( right_ ) {}
+ std::size_t length() const { return ToStringHelper< T2 >::length( right ); }
+ C* addData( C* buffer ) const SAL_RETURNS_NONNULL { return ToStringHelper< T2 >()( buffer, right ); }
+private:
+ const T2& right;
+};
+
+} // namespace
+
+#endif