Adding upstream version 6.6.15.upstream/6.6.15

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 2555 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/drivers/tty/n_tty.c b/drivers/tty/n_tty.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6c9a408d67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/tty/n_tty.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2555 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-1.0+
+/*
+ * n_tty.c --- implements the N_TTY line discipline.
+ *
+ * This code used to be in tty_io.c, but things are getting hairy
+ * enough that it made sense to split things off.  (The N_TTY
+ * processing has changed so much that it's hardly recognizable,
+ * anyway...)
+ *
+ * Note that the open routine for N_TTY is guaranteed never to return
+ * an error.  This is because Linux will fall back to setting a line
+ * to N_TTY if it can not switch to any other line discipline.
+ *
+ * Written by Theodore Ts'o, Copyright 1994.
+ *
+ * This file also contains code originally written by Linus Torvalds,
+ * Copyright 1991, 1992, 1993, and by Julian Cowley, Copyright 1994.
+ *
+ * Reduced memory usage for older ARM systems  - Russell King.
+ *
+ * 2000/01/20   Fixed SMP locking on put_tty_queue using bits of
+ *		the patch by Andrew J. Kroll <ag784@freenet.buffalo.edu>
+ *		who actually finally proved there really was a race.
+ *
+ * 2002/03/18   Implemented n_tty_wakeup to send SIGIO POLL_OUTs to
+ *		waiting writing processes-Sapan Bhatia <sapan@corewars.org>.
+ *		Also fixed a bug in BLOCKING mode where n_tty_write returns
+ *		EAGAIN
+ */
+
+#include <linux/bitmap.h>
+#include <linux/bitops.h>
+#include <linux/ctype.h>
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/export.h>
+#include <linux/fcntl.h>
+#include <linux/file.h>
+#include <linux/jiffies.h>
+#include <linux/math.h>
+#include <linux/poll.h>
+#include <linux/ratelimit.h>
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/signal.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/tty.h>
+#include <linux/types.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
+
+#include "tty.h"
+
+/*
+ * Until this number of characters is queued in the xmit buffer, select will
+ * return "we have room for writes".
+ */
+#define WAKEUP_CHARS 256
+
+/*
+ * This defines the low- and high-watermarks for throttling and
+ * unthrottling the TTY driver.  These watermarks are used for
+ * controlling the space in the read buffer.
+ */
+#define TTY_THRESHOLD_THROTTLE		128 /* now based on remaining room */
+#define TTY_THRESHOLD_UNTHROTTLE	128
+
+/*
+ * Special byte codes used in the echo buffer to represent operations
+ * or special handling of characters.  Bytes in the echo buffer that
+ * are not part of such special blocks are treated as normal character
+ * codes.
+ */
+#define ECHO_OP_START 0xff
+#define ECHO_OP_MOVE_BACK_COL 0x80
+#define ECHO_OP_SET_CANON_COL 0x81
+#define ECHO_OP_ERASE_TAB 0x82
+
+#define ECHO_COMMIT_WATERMARK	256
+#define ECHO_BLOCK		256
+#define ECHO_DISCARD_WATERMARK	N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - (ECHO_BLOCK + 32)
+
+
+#undef N_TTY_TRACE
+#ifdef N_TTY_TRACE
+# define n_tty_trace(f, args...)	trace_printk(f, ##args)
+#else
+# define n_tty_trace(f, args...)	no_printk(f, ##args)
+#endif
+
+struct n_tty_data {
+	/* producer-published */
+	size_t read_head;
+	size_t commit_head;
+	size_t canon_head;
+	size_t echo_head;
+	size_t echo_commit;
+	size_t echo_mark;
+	DECLARE_BITMAP(char_map, 256);
+
+	/* private to n_tty_receive_overrun (single-threaded) */
+	unsigned long overrun_time;
+	unsigned int num_overrun;
+
+	/* non-atomic */
+	bool no_room;
+
+	/* must hold exclusive termios_rwsem to reset these */
+	unsigned char lnext:1, erasing:1, raw:1, real_raw:1, icanon:1;
+	unsigned char push:1;
+
+	/* shared by producer and consumer */
+	u8 read_buf[N_TTY_BUF_SIZE];
+	DECLARE_BITMAP(read_flags, N_TTY_BUF_SIZE);
+	u8 echo_buf[N_TTY_BUF_SIZE];
+
+	/* consumer-published */
+	size_t read_tail;
+	size_t line_start;
+
+	/* # of chars looked ahead (to find software flow control chars) */
+	size_t lookahead_count;
+
+	/* protected by output lock */
+	unsigned int column;
+	unsigned int canon_column;
+	size_t echo_tail;
+
+	struct mutex atomic_read_lock;
+	struct mutex output_lock;
+};
+
+#define MASK(x) ((x) & (N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - 1))
+
+static inline size_t read_cnt(struct n_tty_data *ldata)
+{
+	return ldata->read_head - ldata->read_tail;
+}
+
+static inline u8 read_buf(struct n_tty_data *ldata, size_t i)
+{
+	return ldata->read_buf[MASK(i)];
+}
+
+static inline u8 *read_buf_addr(struct n_tty_data *ldata, size_t i)
+{
+	return &ldata->read_buf[MASK(i)];
+}
+
+static inline u8 echo_buf(struct n_tty_data *ldata, size_t i)
+{
+	smp_rmb(); /* Matches smp_wmb() in add_echo_byte(). */
+	return ldata->echo_buf[MASK(i)];
+}
+
+static inline u8 *echo_buf_addr(struct n_tty_data *ldata, size_t i)
+{
+	return &ldata->echo_buf[MASK(i)];
+}
+
+/* If we are not echoing the data, perhaps this is a secret so erase it */
+static void zero_buffer(const struct tty_struct *tty, u8 *buffer, size_t size)
+{
+	if (L_ICANON(tty) && !L_ECHO(tty))
+		memset(buffer, 0, size);
+}
+
+static void tty_copy(const struct tty_struct *tty, void *to, size_t tail,
+		     size_t n)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+	size_t size = N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - tail;
+	void *from = read_buf_addr(ldata, tail);
+
+	if (n > size) {
+		tty_audit_add_data(tty, from, size);
+		memcpy(to, from, size);
+		zero_buffer(tty, from, size);
+		to += size;
+		n -= size;
+		from = ldata->read_buf;
+	}
+
+	tty_audit_add_data(tty, from, n);
+	memcpy(to, from, n);
+	zero_buffer(tty, from, n);
+}
+
+/**
+ * n_tty_kick_worker - start input worker (if required)
+ * @tty: terminal
+ *
+ * Re-schedules the flip buffer work if it may have stopped.
+ *
+ * Locking:
+ *  * Caller holds exclusive %termios_rwsem, or
+ *  * n_tty_read()/consumer path:
+ *	holds non-exclusive %termios_rwsem
+ */
+static void n_tty_kick_worker(const struct tty_struct *tty)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+
+	/* Did the input worker stop? Restart it */
+	if (unlikely(READ_ONCE(ldata->no_room))) {
+		WRITE_ONCE(ldata->no_room, 0);
+
+		WARN_RATELIMIT(tty->port->itty == NULL,
+				"scheduling with invalid itty\n");
+		/* see if ldisc has been killed - if so, this means that
+		 * even though the ldisc has been halted and ->buf.work
+		 * cancelled, ->buf.work is about to be rescheduled
+		 */
+		WARN_RATELIMIT(test_bit(TTY_LDISC_HALTED, &tty->flags),
+			       "scheduling buffer work for halted ldisc\n");
+		tty_buffer_restart_work(tty->port);
+	}
+}
+
+static ssize_t chars_in_buffer(const struct tty_struct *tty)
+{
+	const struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+	size_t head = ldata->icanon ? ldata->canon_head : ldata->commit_head;
+
+	return head - ldata->read_tail;
+}
+
+/**
+ * n_tty_write_wakeup	-	asynchronous I/O notifier
+ * @tty: tty device
+ *
+ * Required for the ptys, serial driver etc. since processes that attach
+ * themselves to the master and rely on ASYNC IO must be woken up.
+ */
+static void n_tty_write_wakeup(struct tty_struct *tty)
+{
+	clear_bit(TTY_DO_WRITE_WAKEUP, &tty->flags);
+	kill_fasync(&tty->fasync, SIGIO, POLL_OUT);
+}
+
+static void n_tty_check_throttle(struct tty_struct *tty)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+
+	/*
+	 * Check the remaining room for the input canonicalization
+	 * mode.  We don't want to throttle the driver if we're in
+	 * canonical mode and don't have a newline yet!
+	 */
+	if (ldata->icanon && ldata->canon_head == ldata->read_tail)
+		return;
+
+	while (1) {
+		int throttled;
+		tty_set_flow_change(tty, TTY_THROTTLE_SAFE);
+		if (N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - read_cnt(ldata) >= TTY_THRESHOLD_THROTTLE)
+			break;
+		throttled = tty_throttle_safe(tty);
+		if (!throttled)
+			break;
+	}
+	__tty_set_flow_change(tty, 0);
+}
+
+static void n_tty_check_unthrottle(struct tty_struct *tty)
+{
+	if (tty->driver->type == TTY_DRIVER_TYPE_PTY) {
+		if (chars_in_buffer(tty) > TTY_THRESHOLD_UNTHROTTLE)
+			return;
+		n_tty_kick_worker(tty);
+		tty_wakeup(tty->link);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* If there is enough space in the read buffer now, let the
+	 * low-level driver know. We use chars_in_buffer() to
+	 * check the buffer, as it now knows about canonical mode.
+	 * Otherwise, if the driver is throttled and the line is
+	 * longer than TTY_THRESHOLD_UNTHROTTLE in canonical mode,
+	 * we won't get any more characters.
+	 */
+
+	while (1) {
+		int unthrottled;
+		tty_set_flow_change(tty, TTY_UNTHROTTLE_SAFE);
+		if (chars_in_buffer(tty) > TTY_THRESHOLD_UNTHROTTLE)
+			break;
+		n_tty_kick_worker(tty);
+		unthrottled = tty_unthrottle_safe(tty);
+		if (!unthrottled)
+			break;
+	}
+	__tty_set_flow_change(tty, 0);
+}
+
+/**
+ * put_tty_queue		-	add character to tty
+ * @c: character
+ * @ldata: n_tty data
+ *
+ * Add a character to the tty read_buf queue.
+ *
+ * Locking:
+ *  * n_tty_receive_buf()/producer path:
+ *	caller holds non-exclusive %termios_rwsem
+ */
+static inline void put_tty_queue(u8 c, struct n_tty_data *ldata)
+{
+	*read_buf_addr(ldata, ldata->read_head) = c;
+	ldata->read_head++;
+}
+
+/**
+ * reset_buffer_flags	-	reset buffer state
+ * @ldata: line disc data to reset
+ *
+ * Reset the read buffer counters and clear the flags. Called from
+ * n_tty_open() and n_tty_flush_buffer().
+ *
+ * Locking:
+ *  * caller holds exclusive %termios_rwsem, or
+ *  * (locking is not required)
+ */
+static void reset_buffer_flags(struct n_tty_data *ldata)
+{
+	ldata->read_head = ldata->canon_head = ldata->read_tail = 0;
+	ldata->commit_head = 0;
+	ldata->line_start = 0;
+
+	ldata->erasing = 0;
+	bitmap_zero(ldata->read_flags, N_TTY_BUF_SIZE);
+	ldata->push = 0;
+
+	ldata->lookahead_count = 0;
+}
+
+static void n_tty_packet_mode_flush(struct tty_struct *tty)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	if (tty->link->ctrl.packet) {
+		spin_lock_irqsave(&tty->ctrl.lock, flags);
+		tty->ctrl.pktstatus |= TIOCPKT_FLUSHREAD;
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tty->ctrl.lock, flags);
+		wake_up_interruptible(&tty->link->read_wait);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * n_tty_flush_buffer	-	clean input queue
+ * @tty: terminal device
+ *
+ * Flush the input buffer. Called when the tty layer wants the buffer flushed
+ * (eg at hangup) or when the %N_TTY line discipline internally has to clean
+ * the pending queue (for example some signals).
+ *
+ * Holds %termios_rwsem to exclude producer/consumer while buffer indices are
+ * reset.
+ *
+ * Locking: %ctrl.lock, exclusive %termios_rwsem
+ */
+static void n_tty_flush_buffer(struct tty_struct *tty)
+{
+	down_write(&tty->termios_rwsem);
+	reset_buffer_flags(tty->disc_data);
+	n_tty_kick_worker(tty);
+
+	if (tty->link)
+		n_tty_packet_mode_flush(tty);
+	up_write(&tty->termios_rwsem);
+}
+
+/**
+ * is_utf8_continuation	-	utf8 multibyte check
+ * @c: byte to check
+ *
+ * Returns: true if the utf8 character @c is a multibyte continuation
+ * character. We use this to correctly compute the on-screen size of the
+ * character when printing.
+ */
+static inline int is_utf8_continuation(u8 c)
+{
+	return (c & 0xc0) == 0x80;
+}
+
+/**
+ * is_continuation	-	multibyte check
+ * @c: byte to check
+ * @tty: terminal device
+ *
+ * Returns: true if the utf8 character @c is a multibyte continuation character
+ * and the terminal is in unicode mode.
+ */
+static inline int is_continuation(u8 c, const struct tty_struct *tty)
+{
+	return I_IUTF8(tty) && is_utf8_continuation(c);
+}
+
+/**
+ * do_output_char	-	output one character
+ * @c: character (or partial unicode symbol)
+ * @tty: terminal device
+ * @space: space available in tty driver write buffer
+ *
+ * This is a helper function that handles one output character (including
+ * special characters like TAB, CR, LF, etc.), doing OPOST processing and
+ * putting the results in the tty driver's write buffer.
+ *
+ * Note that Linux currently ignores TABDLY, CRDLY, VTDLY, FFDLY and NLDLY.
+ * They simply aren't relevant in the world today. If you ever need them, add
+ * them here.
+ *
+ * Returns: the number of bytes of buffer space used or -1 if no space left.
+ *
+ * Locking: should be called under the %output_lock to protect the column state
+ * and space left in the buffer.
+ */
+static int do_output_char(u8 c, struct tty_struct *tty, int space)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+	int	spaces;
+
+	if (!space)
+		return -1;
+
+	switch (c) {
+	case '\n':
+		if (O_ONLRET(tty))
+			ldata->column = 0;
+		if (O_ONLCR(tty)) {
+			if (space < 2)
+				return -1;
+			ldata->canon_column = ldata->column = 0;
+			tty->ops->write(tty, "\r\n", 2);
+			return 2;
+		}
+		ldata->canon_column = ldata->column;
+		break;
+	case '\r':
+		if (O_ONOCR(tty) && ldata->column == 0)
+			return 0;
+		if (O_OCRNL(tty)) {
+			c = '\n';
+			if (O_ONLRET(tty))
+				ldata->canon_column = ldata->column = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+		ldata->canon_column = ldata->column = 0;
+		break;
+	case '\t':
+		spaces = 8 - (ldata->column & 7);
+		if (O_TABDLY(tty) == XTABS) {
+			if (space < spaces)
+				return -1;
+			ldata->column += spaces;
+			tty->ops->write(tty, "        ", spaces);
+			return spaces;
+		}
+		ldata->column += spaces;
+		break;
+	case '\b':
+		if (ldata->column > 0)
+			ldata->column--;
+		break;
+	default:
+		if (!iscntrl(c)) {
+			if (O_OLCUC(tty))
+				c = toupper(c);
+			if (!is_continuation(c, tty))
+				ldata->column++;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+
+	tty_put_char(tty, c);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/**
+ * process_output	-	output post processor
+ * @c: character (or partial unicode symbol)
+ * @tty: terminal device
+ *
+ * Output one character with OPOST processing.
+ *
+ * Returns: -1 when the output device is full and the character must be
+ * retried.
+ *
+ * Locking: %output_lock to protect column state and space left (also, this is
+ *called from n_tty_write() under the tty layer write lock).
+ */
+static int process_output(u8 c, struct tty_struct *tty)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+	int	space, retval;
+
+	mutex_lock(&ldata->output_lock);
+
+	space = tty_write_room(tty);
+	retval = do_output_char(c, tty, space);
+
+	mutex_unlock(&ldata->output_lock);
+	if (retval < 0)
+		return -1;
+	else
+		return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * process_output_block	-	block post processor
+ * @tty: terminal device
+ * @buf: character buffer
+ * @nr: number of bytes to output
+ *
+ * Output a block of characters with OPOST processing.
+ *
+ * This path is used to speed up block console writes, among other things when
+ * processing blocks of output data. It handles only the simple cases normally
+ * found and helps to generate blocks of symbols for the console driver and
+ * thus improve performance.
+ *
+ * Returns: the number of characters output.
+ *
+ * Locking: %output_lock to protect column state and space left (also, this is
+ * called from n_tty_write() under the tty layer write lock).
+ */
+static ssize_t process_output_block(struct tty_struct *tty,
+				    const u8 *buf, unsigned int nr)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+	int	space;
+	int	i;
+	const u8 *cp;
+
+	mutex_lock(&ldata->output_lock);
+
+	space = tty_write_room(tty);
+	if (space <= 0) {
+		mutex_unlock(&ldata->output_lock);
+		return space;
+	}
+	if (nr > space)
+		nr = space;
+
+	for (i = 0, cp = buf; i < nr; i++, cp++) {
+		u8 c = *cp;
+
+		switch (c) {
+		case '\n':
+			if (O_ONLRET(tty))
+				ldata->column = 0;
+			if (O_ONLCR(tty))
+				goto break_out;
+			ldata->canon_column = ldata->column;
+			break;
+		case '\r':
+			if (O_ONOCR(tty) && ldata->column == 0)
+				goto break_out;
+			if (O_OCRNL(tty))
+				goto break_out;
+			ldata->canon_column = ldata->column = 0;
+			break;
+		case '\t':
+			goto break_out;
+		case '\b':
+			if (ldata->column > 0)
+				ldata->column--;
+			break;
+		default:
+			if (!iscntrl(c)) {
+				if (O_OLCUC(tty))
+					goto break_out;
+				if (!is_continuation(c, tty))
+					ldata->column++;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+break_out:
+	i = tty->ops->write(tty, buf, i);
+
+	mutex_unlock(&ldata->output_lock);
+	return i;
+}
+
+static int n_tty_process_echo_ops(struct tty_struct *tty, size_t *tail,
+				  int space)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+	u8 op;
+
+	/*
+	 * Since add_echo_byte() is called without holding output_lock, we
+	 * might see only portion of multi-byte operation.
+	 */
+	if (MASK(ldata->echo_commit) == MASK(*tail + 1))
+		return -ENODATA;
+
+	/*
+	 * If the buffer byte is the start of a multi-byte operation, get the
+	 * next byte, which is either the op code or a control character value.
+	 */
+	op = echo_buf(ldata, *tail + 1);
+
+	switch (op) {
+	case ECHO_OP_ERASE_TAB: {
+		unsigned int num_chars, num_bs;
+
+		if (MASK(ldata->echo_commit) == MASK(*tail + 2))
+			return -ENODATA;
+
+		num_chars = echo_buf(ldata, *tail + 2);
+
+		/*
+		 * Determine how many columns to go back in order to erase the
+		 * tab. This depends on the number of columns used by other
+		 * characters within the tab area. If this (modulo 8) count is
+		 * from the start of input rather than from a previous tab, we
+		 * offset by canon column. Otherwise, tab spacing is normal.
+		 */
+		if (!(num_chars & 0x80))
+			num_chars += ldata->canon_column;
+		num_bs = 8 - (num_chars & 7);
+
+		if (num_bs > space)
+			return -ENOSPC;
+
+		space -= num_bs;
+		while (num_bs--) {
+			tty_put_char(tty, '\b');
+			if (ldata->column > 0)
+				ldata->column--;
+		}
+		*tail += 3;
+		break;
+	}
+	case ECHO_OP_SET_CANON_COL:
+		ldata->canon_column = ldata->column;
+		*tail += 2;
+		break;
+
+	case ECHO_OP_MOVE_BACK_COL:
+		if (ldata->column > 0)
+			ldata->column--;
+		*tail += 2;
+		break;
+
+	case ECHO_OP_START:
+		/* This is an escaped echo op start code */
+		if (!space)
+			return -ENOSPC;
+
+		tty_put_char(tty, ECHO_OP_START);
+		ldata->column++;
+		space--;
+		*tail += 2;
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		/*
+		 * If the op is not a special byte code, it is a ctrl char
+		 * tagged to be echoed as "^X" (where X is the letter
+		 * representing the control char). Note that we must ensure
+		 * there is enough space for the whole ctrl pair.
+		 */
+		if (space < 2)
+			return -ENOSPC;
+
+		tty_put_char(tty, '^');
+		tty_put_char(tty, op ^ 0100);
+		ldata->column += 2;
+		space -= 2;
+		*tail += 2;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return space;
+}
+
+/**
+ * __process_echoes	-	write pending echo characters
+ * @tty: terminal device
+ *
+ * Write previously buffered echo (and other ldisc-generated) characters to the
+ * tty.
+ *
+ * Characters generated by the ldisc (including echoes) need to be buffered
+ * because the driver's write buffer can fill during heavy program output.
+ * Echoing straight to the driver will often fail under these conditions,
+ * causing lost characters and resulting mismatches of ldisc state information.
+ *
+ * Since the ldisc state must represent the characters actually sent to the
+ * driver at the time of the write, operations like certain changes in column
+ * state are also saved in the buffer and executed here.
+ *
+ * A circular fifo buffer is used so that the most recent characters are
+ * prioritized. Also, when control characters are echoed with a prefixed "^",
+ * the pair is treated atomically and thus not separated.
+ *
+ * Locking: callers must hold %output_lock.
+ */
+static size_t __process_echoes(struct tty_struct *tty)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+	int	space, old_space;
+	size_t tail;
+	u8 c;
+
+	old_space = space = tty_write_room(tty);
+
+	tail = ldata->echo_tail;
+	while (MASK(ldata->echo_commit) != MASK(tail)) {
+		c = echo_buf(ldata, tail);
+		if (c == ECHO_OP_START) {
+			int ret = n_tty_process_echo_ops(tty, &tail, space);
+			if (ret == -ENODATA)
+				goto not_yet_stored;
+			if (ret < 0)
+				break;
+			space = ret;
+		} else {
+			if (O_OPOST(tty)) {
+				int retval = do_output_char(c, tty, space);
+				if (retval < 0)
+					break;
+				space -= retval;
+			} else {
+				if (!space)
+					break;
+				tty_put_char(tty, c);
+				space -= 1;
+			}
+			tail += 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* If the echo buffer is nearly full (so that the possibility exists
+	 * of echo overrun before the next commit), then discard enough
+	 * data at the tail to prevent a subsequent overrun */
+	while (ldata->echo_commit > tail &&
+	       ldata->echo_commit - tail >= ECHO_DISCARD_WATERMARK) {
+		if (echo_buf(ldata, tail) == ECHO_OP_START) {
+			if (echo_buf(ldata, tail + 1) == ECHO_OP_ERASE_TAB)
+				tail += 3;
+			else
+				tail += 2;
+		} else
+			tail++;
+	}
+
+ not_yet_stored:
+	ldata->echo_tail = tail;
+	return old_space - space;
+}
+
+static void commit_echoes(struct tty_struct *tty)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+	size_t nr, old, echoed;
+	size_t head;
+
+	mutex_lock(&ldata->output_lock);
+	head = ldata->echo_head;
+	ldata->echo_mark = head;
+	old = ldata->echo_commit - ldata->echo_tail;
+
+	/* Process committed echoes if the accumulated # of bytes
+	 * is over the threshold (and try again each time another
+	 * block is accumulated) */
+	nr = head - ldata->echo_tail;
+	if (nr < ECHO_COMMIT_WATERMARK ||
+	    (nr % ECHO_BLOCK > old % ECHO_BLOCK)) {
+		mutex_unlock(&ldata->output_lock);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	ldata->echo_commit = head;
+	echoed = __process_echoes(tty);
+	mutex_unlock(&ldata->output_lock);
+
+	if (echoed && tty->ops->flush_chars)
+		tty->ops->flush_chars(tty);
+}
+
+static void process_echoes(struct tty_struct *tty)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+	size_t echoed;
+
+	if (ldata->echo_mark == ldata->echo_tail)
+		return;
+
+	mutex_lock(&ldata->output_lock);
+	ldata->echo_commit = ldata->echo_mark;
+	echoed = __process_echoes(tty);
+	mutex_unlock(&ldata->output_lock);
+
+	if (echoed && tty->ops->flush_chars)
+		tty->ops->flush_chars(tty);
+}
+
+/* NB: echo_mark and echo_head should be equivalent here */
+static void flush_echoes(struct tty_struct *tty)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+
+	if ((!L_ECHO(tty) && !L_ECHONL(tty)) ||
+	    ldata->echo_commit == ldata->echo_head)
+		return;
+
+	mutex_lock(&ldata->output_lock);
+	ldata->echo_commit = ldata->echo_head;
+	__process_echoes(tty);
+	mutex_unlock(&ldata->output_lock);
+}
+
+/**
+ * add_echo_byte	-	add a byte to the echo buffer
+ * @c: unicode byte to echo
+ * @ldata: n_tty data
+ *
+ * Add a character or operation byte to the echo buffer.
+ */
+static inline void add_echo_byte(u8 c, struct n_tty_data *ldata)
+{
+	*echo_buf_addr(ldata, ldata->echo_head) = c;
+	smp_wmb(); /* Matches smp_rmb() in echo_buf(). */
+	ldata->echo_head++;
+}
+
+/**
+ * echo_move_back_col	-	add operation to move back a column
+ * @ldata: n_tty data
+ *
+ * Add an operation to the echo buffer to move back one column.
+ */
+static void echo_move_back_col(struct n_tty_data *ldata)
+{
+	add_echo_byte(ECHO_OP_START, ldata);
+	add_echo_byte(ECHO_OP_MOVE_BACK_COL, ldata);
+}
+
+/**
+ * echo_set_canon_col	-	add operation to set the canon column
+ * @ldata: n_tty data
+ *
+ * Add an operation to the echo buffer to set the canon column to the current
+ * column.
+ */
+static void echo_set_canon_col(struct n_tty_data *ldata)
+{
+	add_echo_byte(ECHO_OP_START, ldata);
+	add_echo_byte(ECHO_OP_SET_CANON_COL, ldata);
+}
+
+/**
+ * echo_erase_tab	-	add operation to erase a tab
+ * @num_chars: number of character columns already used
+ * @after_tab: true if num_chars starts after a previous tab
+ * @ldata: n_tty data
+ *
+ * Add an operation to the echo buffer to erase a tab.
+ *
+ * Called by the eraser function, which knows how many character columns have
+ * been used since either a previous tab or the start of input. This
+ * information will be used later, along with canon column (if applicable), to
+ * go back the correct number of columns.
+ */
+static void echo_erase_tab(unsigned int num_chars, int after_tab,
+			   struct n_tty_data *ldata)
+{
+	add_echo_byte(ECHO_OP_START, ldata);
+	add_echo_byte(ECHO_OP_ERASE_TAB, ldata);
+
+	/* We only need to know this modulo 8 (tab spacing) */
+	num_chars &= 7;
+
+	/* Set the high bit as a flag if num_chars is after a previous tab */
+	if (after_tab)
+		num_chars |= 0x80;
+
+	add_echo_byte(num_chars, ldata);
+}
+
+/**
+ * echo_char_raw	-	echo a character raw
+ * @c: unicode byte to echo
+ * @ldata: line disc data
+ *
+ * Echo user input back onto the screen. This must be called only when
+ * L_ECHO(tty) is true. Called from the &tty_driver.receive_buf() path.
+ *
+ * This variant does not treat control characters specially.
+ */
+static void echo_char_raw(u8 c, struct n_tty_data *ldata)
+{
+	if (c == ECHO_OP_START) {
+		add_echo_byte(ECHO_OP_START, ldata);
+		add_echo_byte(ECHO_OP_START, ldata);
+	} else {
+		add_echo_byte(c, ldata);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * echo_char		-	echo a character
+ * @c: unicode byte to echo
+ * @tty: terminal device
+ *
+ * Echo user input back onto the screen. This must be called only when
+ * L_ECHO(tty) is true. Called from the &tty_driver.receive_buf() path.
+ *
+ * This variant tags control characters to be echoed as "^X" (where X is the
+ * letter representing the control char).
+ */
+static void echo_char(u8 c, const struct tty_struct *tty)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+
+	if (c == ECHO_OP_START) {
+		add_echo_byte(ECHO_OP_START, ldata);
+		add_echo_byte(ECHO_OP_START, ldata);
+	} else {
+		if (L_ECHOCTL(tty) && iscntrl(c) && c != '\t')
+			add_echo_byte(ECHO_OP_START, ldata);
+		add_echo_byte(c, ldata);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * finish_erasing	-	complete erase
+ * @ldata: n_tty data
+ */
+static inline void finish_erasing(struct n_tty_data *ldata)
+{
+	if (ldata->erasing) {
+		echo_char_raw('/', ldata);
+		ldata->erasing = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * eraser		-	handle erase function
+ * @c: character input
+ * @tty: terminal device
+ *
+ * Perform erase and necessary output when an erase character is present in the
+ * stream from the driver layer. Handles the complexities of UTF-8 multibyte
+ * symbols.
+ *
+ * Locking: n_tty_receive_buf()/producer path:
+ *	caller holds non-exclusive %termios_rwsem
+ */
+static void eraser(u8 c, const struct tty_struct *tty)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+	enum { ERASE, WERASE, KILL } kill_type;
+	size_t head;
+	size_t cnt;
+	int seen_alnums;
+
+	if (ldata->read_head == ldata->canon_head) {
+		/* process_output('\a', tty); */ /* what do you think? */
+		return;
+	}
+	if (c == ERASE_CHAR(tty))
+		kill_type = ERASE;
+	else if (c == WERASE_CHAR(tty))
+		kill_type = WERASE;
+	else {
+		if (!L_ECHO(tty)) {
+			ldata->read_head = ldata->canon_head;
+			return;
+		}
+		if (!L_ECHOK(tty) || !L_ECHOKE(tty) || !L_ECHOE(tty)) {
+			ldata->read_head = ldata->canon_head;
+			finish_erasing(ldata);
+			echo_char(KILL_CHAR(tty), tty);
+			/* Add a newline if ECHOK is on and ECHOKE is off. */
+			if (L_ECHOK(tty))
+				echo_char_raw('\n', ldata);
+			return;
+		}
+		kill_type = KILL;
+	}
+
+	seen_alnums = 0;
+	while (MASK(ldata->read_head) != MASK(ldata->canon_head)) {
+		head = ldata->read_head;
+
+		/* erase a single possibly multibyte character */
+		do {
+			head--;
+			c = read_buf(ldata, head);
+		} while (is_continuation(c, tty) &&
+			 MASK(head) != MASK(ldata->canon_head));
+
+		/* do not partially erase */
+		if (is_continuation(c, tty))
+			break;
+
+		if (kill_type == WERASE) {
+			/* Equivalent to BSD's ALTWERASE. */
+			if (isalnum(c) || c == '_')
+				seen_alnums++;
+			else if (seen_alnums)
+				break;
+		}
+		cnt = ldata->read_head - head;
+		ldata->read_head = head;
+		if (L_ECHO(tty)) {
+			if (L_ECHOPRT(tty)) {
+				if (!ldata->erasing) {
+					echo_char_raw('\\', ldata);
+					ldata->erasing = 1;
+				}
+				/* if cnt > 1, output a multi-byte character */
+				echo_char(c, tty);
+				while (--cnt > 0) {
+					head++;
+					echo_char_raw(read_buf(ldata, head), ldata);
+					echo_move_back_col(ldata);
+				}
+			} else if (kill_type == ERASE && !L_ECHOE(tty)) {
+				echo_char(ERASE_CHAR(tty), tty);
+			} else if (c == '\t') {
+				unsigned int num_chars = 0;
+				int after_tab = 0;
+				size_t tail = ldata->read_head;
+
+				/*
+				 * Count the columns used for characters
+				 * since the start of input or after a
+				 * previous tab.
+				 * This info is used to go back the correct
+				 * number of columns.
+				 */
+				while (MASK(tail) != MASK(ldata->canon_head)) {
+					tail--;
+					c = read_buf(ldata, tail);
+					if (c == '\t') {
+						after_tab = 1;
+						break;
+					} else if (iscntrl(c)) {
+						if (L_ECHOCTL(tty))
+							num_chars += 2;
+					} else if (!is_continuation(c, tty)) {
+						num_chars++;
+					}
+				}
+				echo_erase_tab(num_chars, after_tab, ldata);
+			} else {
+				if (iscntrl(c) && L_ECHOCTL(tty)) {
+					echo_char_raw('\b', ldata);
+					echo_char_raw(' ', ldata);
+					echo_char_raw('\b', ldata);
+				}
+				if (!iscntrl(c) || L_ECHOCTL(tty)) {
+					echo_char_raw('\b', ldata);
+					echo_char_raw(' ', ldata);
+					echo_char_raw('\b', ldata);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if (kill_type == ERASE)
+			break;
+	}
+	if (ldata->read_head == ldata->canon_head && L_ECHO(tty))
+		finish_erasing(ldata);
+}
+
+
+static void __isig(int sig, struct tty_struct *tty)
+{
+	struct pid *tty_pgrp = tty_get_pgrp(tty);
+	if (tty_pgrp) {
+		kill_pgrp(tty_pgrp, sig, 1);
+		put_pid(tty_pgrp);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * isig			-	handle the ISIG optio
+ * @sig: signal
+ * @tty: terminal
+ *
+ * Called when a signal is being sent due to terminal input. Called from the
+ * &tty_driver.receive_buf() path, so serialized.
+ *
+ * Performs input and output flush if !NOFLSH. In this context, the echo
+ * buffer is 'output'. The signal is processed first to alert any current
+ * readers or writers to discontinue and exit their i/o loops.
+ *
+ * Locking: %ctrl.lock
+ */
+static void isig(int sig, struct tty_struct *tty)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+
+	if (L_NOFLSH(tty)) {
+		/* signal only */
+		__isig(sig, tty);
+
+	} else { /* signal and flush */
+		up_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);
+		down_write(&tty->termios_rwsem);
+
+		__isig(sig, tty);
+
+		/* clear echo buffer */
+		mutex_lock(&ldata->output_lock);
+		ldata->echo_head = ldata->echo_tail = 0;
+		ldata->echo_mark = ldata->echo_commit = 0;
+		mutex_unlock(&ldata->output_lock);
+
+		/* clear output buffer */
+		tty_driver_flush_buffer(tty);
+
+		/* clear input buffer */
+		reset_buffer_flags(tty->disc_data);
+
+		/* notify pty master of flush */
+		if (tty->link)
+			n_tty_packet_mode_flush(tty);
+
+		up_write(&tty->termios_rwsem);
+		down_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * n_tty_receive_break	-	handle break
+ * @tty: terminal
+ *
+ * An RS232 break event has been hit in the incoming bitstream. This can cause
+ * a variety of events depending upon the termios settings.
+ *
+ * Locking: n_tty_receive_buf()/producer path:
+ *	caller holds non-exclusive termios_rwsem
+ *
+ * Note: may get exclusive %termios_rwsem if flushing input buffer
+ */
+static void n_tty_receive_break(struct tty_struct *tty)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+
+	if (I_IGNBRK(tty))
+		return;
+	if (I_BRKINT(tty)) {
+		isig(SIGINT, tty);
+		return;
+	}
+	if (I_PARMRK(tty)) {
+		put_tty_queue('\377', ldata);
+		put_tty_queue('\0', ldata);
+	}
+	put_tty_queue('\0', ldata);
+}
+
+/**
+ * n_tty_receive_overrun	-	handle overrun reporting
+ * @tty: terminal
+ *
+ * Data arrived faster than we could process it. While the tty driver has
+ * flagged this the bits that were missed are gone forever.
+ *
+ * Called from the receive_buf path so single threaded. Does not need locking
+ * as num_overrun and overrun_time are function private.
+ */
+static void n_tty_receive_overrun(const struct tty_struct *tty)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+
+	ldata->num_overrun++;
+	if (time_is_before_jiffies(ldata->overrun_time + HZ)) {
+		tty_warn(tty, "%u input overrun(s)\n", ldata->num_overrun);
+		ldata->overrun_time = jiffies;
+		ldata->num_overrun = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * n_tty_receive_parity_error	-	error notifier
+ * @tty: terminal device
+ * @c: character
+ *
+ * Process a parity error and queue the right data to indicate the error case
+ * if necessary.
+ *
+ * Locking: n_tty_receive_buf()/producer path:
+ * 	caller holds non-exclusive %termios_rwsem
+ */
+static void n_tty_receive_parity_error(const struct tty_struct *tty,
+				       u8 c)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+
+	if (I_INPCK(tty)) {
+		if (I_IGNPAR(tty))
+			return;
+		if (I_PARMRK(tty)) {
+			put_tty_queue('\377', ldata);
+			put_tty_queue('\0', ldata);
+			put_tty_queue(c, ldata);
+		} else
+			put_tty_queue('\0', ldata);
+	} else
+		put_tty_queue(c, ldata);
+}
+
+static void
+n_tty_receive_signal_char(struct tty_struct *tty, int signal, u8 c)
+{
+	isig(signal, tty);
+	if (I_IXON(tty))
+		start_tty(tty);
+	if (L_ECHO(tty)) {
+		echo_char(c, tty);
+		commit_echoes(tty);
+	} else
+		process_echoes(tty);
+}
+
+static bool n_tty_is_char_flow_ctrl(struct tty_struct *tty, u8 c)
+{
+	return c == START_CHAR(tty) || c == STOP_CHAR(tty);
+}
+
+/**
+ * n_tty_receive_char_flow_ctrl - receive flow control chars
+ * @tty: terminal device
+ * @c: character
+ * @lookahead_done: lookahead has processed this character already
+ *
+ * Receive and process flow control character actions.
+ *
+ * In case lookahead for flow control chars already handled the character in
+ * advance to the normal receive, the actions are skipped during normal
+ * receive.
+ *
+ * Returns true if @c is consumed as flow-control character, the character
+ * must not be treated as normal character.
+ */
+static bool n_tty_receive_char_flow_ctrl(struct tty_struct *tty, u8 c,
+					 bool lookahead_done)
+{
+	if (!n_tty_is_char_flow_ctrl(tty, c))
+		return false;
+
+	if (lookahead_done)
+		return true;
+
+	if (c == START_CHAR(tty)) {
+		start_tty(tty);
+		process_echoes(tty);
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	/* STOP_CHAR */
+	stop_tty(tty);
+	return true;
+}
+
+static void n_tty_receive_handle_newline(struct tty_struct *tty, u8 c)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+
+	set_bit(MASK(ldata->read_head), ldata->read_flags);
+	put_tty_queue(c, ldata);
+	smp_store_release(&ldata->canon_head, ldata->read_head);
+	kill_fasync(&tty->fasync, SIGIO, POLL_IN);
+	wake_up_interruptible_poll(&tty->read_wait, EPOLLIN | EPOLLRDNORM);
+}
+
+static bool n_tty_receive_char_canon(struct tty_struct *tty, u8 c)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+
+	if (c == ERASE_CHAR(tty) || c == KILL_CHAR(tty) ||
+	    (c == WERASE_CHAR(tty) && L_IEXTEN(tty))) {
+		eraser(c, tty);
+		commit_echoes(tty);
+
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	if (c == LNEXT_CHAR(tty) && L_IEXTEN(tty)) {
+		ldata->lnext = 1;
+		if (L_ECHO(tty)) {
+			finish_erasing(ldata);
+			if (L_ECHOCTL(tty)) {
+				echo_char_raw('^', ldata);
+				echo_char_raw('\b', ldata);
+				commit_echoes(tty);
+			}
+		}
+
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	if (c == REPRINT_CHAR(tty) && L_ECHO(tty) && L_IEXTEN(tty)) {
+		size_t tail = ldata->canon_head;
+
+		finish_erasing(ldata);
+		echo_char(c, tty);
+		echo_char_raw('\n', ldata);
+		while (MASK(tail) != MASK(ldata->read_head)) {
+			echo_char(read_buf(ldata, tail), tty);
+			tail++;
+		}
+		commit_echoes(tty);
+
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	if (c == '\n') {
+		if (L_ECHO(tty) || L_ECHONL(tty)) {
+			echo_char_raw('\n', ldata);
+			commit_echoes(tty);
+		}
+		n_tty_receive_handle_newline(tty, c);
+
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	if (c == EOF_CHAR(tty)) {
+		c = __DISABLED_CHAR;
+		n_tty_receive_handle_newline(tty, c);
+
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	if ((c == EOL_CHAR(tty)) ||
+	    (c == EOL2_CHAR(tty) && L_IEXTEN(tty))) {
+		/*
+		 * XXX are EOL_CHAR and EOL2_CHAR echoed?!?
+		 */
+		if (L_ECHO(tty)) {
+			/* Record the column of first canon char. */
+			if (ldata->canon_head == ldata->read_head)
+				echo_set_canon_col(ldata);
+			echo_char(c, tty);
+			commit_echoes(tty);
+		}
+		/*
+		 * XXX does PARMRK doubling happen for
+		 * EOL_CHAR and EOL2_CHAR?
+		 */
+		if (c == '\377' && I_PARMRK(tty))
+			put_tty_queue(c, ldata);
+
+		n_tty_receive_handle_newline(tty, c);
+
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	return false;
+}
+
+static void n_tty_receive_char_special(struct tty_struct *tty, u8 c,
+				       bool lookahead_done)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+
+	if (I_IXON(tty) && n_tty_receive_char_flow_ctrl(tty, c, lookahead_done))
+		return;
+
+	if (L_ISIG(tty)) {
+		if (c == INTR_CHAR(tty)) {
+			n_tty_receive_signal_char(tty, SIGINT, c);
+			return;
+		} else if (c == QUIT_CHAR(tty)) {
+			n_tty_receive_signal_char(tty, SIGQUIT, c);
+			return;
+		} else if (c == SUSP_CHAR(tty)) {
+			n_tty_receive_signal_char(tty, SIGTSTP, c);
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (tty->flow.stopped && !tty->flow.tco_stopped && I_IXON(tty) && I_IXANY(tty)) {
+		start_tty(tty);
+		process_echoes(tty);
+	}
+
+	if (c == '\r') {
+		if (I_IGNCR(tty))
+			return;
+		if (I_ICRNL(tty))
+			c = '\n';
+	} else if (c == '\n' && I_INLCR(tty))
+		c = '\r';
+
+	if (ldata->icanon && n_tty_receive_char_canon(tty, c))
+		return;
+
+	if (L_ECHO(tty)) {
+		finish_erasing(ldata);
+		if (c == '\n')
+			echo_char_raw('\n', ldata);
+		else {
+			/* Record the column of first canon char. */
+			if (ldata->canon_head == ldata->read_head)
+				echo_set_canon_col(ldata);
+			echo_char(c, tty);
+		}
+		commit_echoes(tty);
+	}
+
+	/* PARMRK doubling check */
+	if (c == '\377' && I_PARMRK(tty))
+		put_tty_queue(c, ldata);
+
+	put_tty_queue(c, ldata);
+}
+
+/**
+ * n_tty_receive_char	-	perform processing
+ * @tty: terminal device
+ * @c: character
+ *
+ * Process an individual character of input received from the driver.  This is
+ * serialized with respect to itself by the rules for the driver above.
+ *
+ * Locking: n_tty_receive_buf()/producer path:
+ *	caller holds non-exclusive %termios_rwsem
+ *	publishes canon_head if canonical mode is active
+ */
+static void n_tty_receive_char(struct tty_struct *tty, u8 c)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+
+	if (tty->flow.stopped && !tty->flow.tco_stopped && I_IXON(tty) && I_IXANY(tty)) {
+		start_tty(tty);
+		process_echoes(tty);
+	}
+	if (L_ECHO(tty)) {
+		finish_erasing(ldata);
+		/* Record the column of first canon char. */
+		if (ldata->canon_head == ldata->read_head)
+			echo_set_canon_col(ldata);
+		echo_char(c, tty);
+		commit_echoes(tty);
+	}
+	/* PARMRK doubling check */
+	if (c == '\377' && I_PARMRK(tty))
+		put_tty_queue(c, ldata);
+	put_tty_queue(c, ldata);
+}
+
+static void n_tty_receive_char_closing(struct tty_struct *tty, u8 c,
+				       bool lookahead_done)
+{
+	if (I_ISTRIP(tty))
+		c &= 0x7f;
+	if (I_IUCLC(tty) && L_IEXTEN(tty))
+		c = tolower(c);
+
+	if (I_IXON(tty)) {
+		if (!n_tty_receive_char_flow_ctrl(tty, c, lookahead_done) &&
+		    tty->flow.stopped && !tty->flow.tco_stopped && I_IXANY(tty) &&
+		    c != INTR_CHAR(tty) && c != QUIT_CHAR(tty) &&
+		    c != SUSP_CHAR(tty)) {
+			start_tty(tty);
+			process_echoes(tty);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+n_tty_receive_char_flagged(struct tty_struct *tty, u8 c, u8 flag)
+{
+	switch (flag) {
+	case TTY_BREAK:
+		n_tty_receive_break(tty);
+		break;
+	case TTY_PARITY:
+	case TTY_FRAME:
+		n_tty_receive_parity_error(tty, c);
+		break;
+	case TTY_OVERRUN:
+		n_tty_receive_overrun(tty);
+		break;
+	default:
+		tty_err(tty, "unknown flag %u\n", flag);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+n_tty_receive_char_lnext(struct tty_struct *tty, u8 c, u8 flag)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+
+	ldata->lnext = 0;
+	if (likely(flag == TTY_NORMAL)) {
+		if (I_ISTRIP(tty))
+			c &= 0x7f;
+		if (I_IUCLC(tty) && L_IEXTEN(tty))
+			c = tolower(c);
+		n_tty_receive_char(tty, c);
+	} else
+		n_tty_receive_char_flagged(tty, c, flag);
+}
+
+/* Caller must ensure count > 0 */
+static void n_tty_lookahead_flow_ctrl(struct tty_struct *tty, const u8 *cp,
+				      const u8 *fp, size_t count)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+	u8 flag = TTY_NORMAL;
+
+	ldata->lookahead_count += count;
+
+	if (!I_IXON(tty))
+		return;
+
+	while (count--) {
+		if (fp)
+			flag = *fp++;
+		if (likely(flag == TTY_NORMAL))
+			n_tty_receive_char_flow_ctrl(tty, *cp, false);
+		cp++;
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+n_tty_receive_buf_real_raw(const struct tty_struct *tty, const u8 *cp,
+			   size_t count)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+
+	/* handle buffer wrap-around by a loop */
+	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+		size_t head = MASK(ldata->read_head);
+		size_t n = min(count, N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - head);
+
+		memcpy(read_buf_addr(ldata, head), cp, n);
+
+		ldata->read_head += n;
+		cp += n;
+		count -= n;
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+n_tty_receive_buf_raw(struct tty_struct *tty, const u8 *cp, const u8 *fp,
+		      size_t count)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+	u8 flag = TTY_NORMAL;
+
+	while (count--) {
+		if (fp)
+			flag = *fp++;
+		if (likely(flag == TTY_NORMAL))
+			put_tty_queue(*cp++, ldata);
+		else
+			n_tty_receive_char_flagged(tty, *cp++, flag);
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+n_tty_receive_buf_closing(struct tty_struct *tty, const u8 *cp, const u8 *fp,
+			  size_t count, bool lookahead_done)
+{
+	u8 flag = TTY_NORMAL;
+
+	while (count--) {
+		if (fp)
+			flag = *fp++;
+		if (likely(flag == TTY_NORMAL))
+			n_tty_receive_char_closing(tty, *cp++, lookahead_done);
+	}
+}
+
+static void n_tty_receive_buf_standard(struct tty_struct *tty, const u8 *cp,
+				       const u8 *fp, size_t count,
+				       bool lookahead_done)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+	u8 flag = TTY_NORMAL;
+
+	while (count--) {
+		u8 c = *cp++;
+
+		if (fp)
+			flag = *fp++;
+
+		if (ldata->lnext) {
+			n_tty_receive_char_lnext(tty, c, flag);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (unlikely(flag != TTY_NORMAL)) {
+			n_tty_receive_char_flagged(tty, c, flag);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (I_ISTRIP(tty))
+			c &= 0x7f;
+		if (I_IUCLC(tty) && L_IEXTEN(tty))
+			c = tolower(c);
+		if (L_EXTPROC(tty)) {
+			put_tty_queue(c, ldata);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (test_bit(c, ldata->char_map))
+			n_tty_receive_char_special(tty, c, lookahead_done);
+		else
+			n_tty_receive_char(tty, c);
+	}
+}
+
+static void __receive_buf(struct tty_struct *tty, const u8 *cp, const u8 *fp,
+			  size_t count)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+	bool preops = I_ISTRIP(tty) || (I_IUCLC(tty) && L_IEXTEN(tty));
+	size_t la_count = min(ldata->lookahead_count, count);
+
+	if (ldata->real_raw)
+		n_tty_receive_buf_real_raw(tty, cp, count);
+	else if (ldata->raw || (L_EXTPROC(tty) && !preops))
+		n_tty_receive_buf_raw(tty, cp, fp, count);
+	else if (tty->closing && !L_EXTPROC(tty)) {
+		if (la_count > 0)
+			n_tty_receive_buf_closing(tty, cp, fp, la_count, true);
+		if (count > la_count)
+			n_tty_receive_buf_closing(tty, cp, fp, count - la_count, false);
+	} else {
+		if (la_count > 0)
+			n_tty_receive_buf_standard(tty, cp, fp, la_count, true);
+		if (count > la_count)
+			n_tty_receive_buf_standard(tty, cp, fp, count - la_count, false);
+
+		flush_echoes(tty);
+		if (tty->ops->flush_chars)
+			tty->ops->flush_chars(tty);
+	}
+
+	ldata->lookahead_count -= la_count;
+
+	if (ldata->icanon && !L_EXTPROC(tty))
+		return;
+
+	/* publish read_head to consumer */
+	smp_store_release(&ldata->commit_head, ldata->read_head);
+
+	if (read_cnt(ldata)) {
+		kill_fasync(&tty->fasync, SIGIO, POLL_IN);
+		wake_up_interruptible_poll(&tty->read_wait, EPOLLIN | EPOLLRDNORM);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * n_tty_receive_buf_common	-	process input
+ * @tty: device to receive input
+ * @cp: input chars
+ * @fp: flags for each char (if %NULL, all chars are %TTY_NORMAL)
+ * @count: number of input chars in @cp
+ * @flow: enable flow control
+ *
+ * Called by the terminal driver when a block of characters has been received.
+ * This function must be called from soft contexts not from interrupt context.
+ * The driver is responsible for making calls one at a time and in order (or
+ * using flush_to_ldisc()).
+ *
+ * Returns: the # of input chars from @cp which were processed.
+ *
+ * In canonical mode, the maximum line length is 4096 chars (including the line
+ * termination char); lines longer than 4096 chars are truncated. After 4095
+ * chars, input data is still processed but not stored. Overflow processing
+ * ensures the tty can always receive more input until at least one line can be
+ * read.
+ *
+ * In non-canonical mode, the read buffer will only accept 4095 chars; this
+ * provides the necessary space for a newline char if the input mode is
+ * switched to canonical.
+ *
+ * Note it is possible for the read buffer to _contain_ 4096 chars in
+ * non-canonical mode: the read buffer could already contain the maximum canon
+ * line of 4096 chars when the mode is switched to non-canonical.
+ *
+ * Locking: n_tty_receive_buf()/producer path:
+ *	claims non-exclusive %termios_rwsem
+ *	publishes commit_head or canon_head
+ */
+static size_t
+n_tty_receive_buf_common(struct tty_struct *tty, const u8 *cp, const u8 *fp,
+			 size_t count, bool flow)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+	size_t n, rcvd = 0;
+	int room, overflow;
+
+	down_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);
+
+	do {
+		/*
+		 * When PARMRK is set, each input char may take up to 3 chars
+		 * in the read buf; reduce the buffer space avail by 3x
+		 *
+		 * If we are doing input canonicalization, and there are no
+		 * pending newlines, let characters through without limit, so
+		 * that erase characters will be handled.  Other excess
+		 * characters will be beeped.
+		 *
+		 * paired with store in *_copy_from_read_buf() -- guarantees
+		 * the consumer has loaded the data in read_buf up to the new
+		 * read_tail (so this producer will not overwrite unread data)
+		 */
+		size_t tail = smp_load_acquire(&ldata->read_tail);
+
+		room = N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - (ldata->read_head - tail);
+		if (I_PARMRK(tty))
+			room = DIV_ROUND_UP(room, 3);
+		room--;
+		if (room <= 0) {
+			overflow = ldata->icanon && ldata->canon_head == tail;
+			if (overflow && room < 0)
+				ldata->read_head--;
+			room = overflow;
+			WRITE_ONCE(ldata->no_room, flow && !room);
+		} else
+			overflow = 0;
+
+		n = min_t(size_t, count, room);
+		if (!n)
+			break;
+
+		/* ignore parity errors if handling overflow */
+		if (!overflow || !fp || *fp != TTY_PARITY)
+			__receive_buf(tty, cp, fp, n);
+
+		cp += n;
+		if (fp)
+			fp += n;
+		count -= n;
+		rcvd += n;
+	} while (!test_bit(TTY_LDISC_CHANGING, &tty->flags));
+
+	tty->receive_room = room;
+
+	/* Unthrottle if handling overflow on pty */
+	if (tty->driver->type == TTY_DRIVER_TYPE_PTY) {
+		if (overflow) {
+			tty_set_flow_change(tty, TTY_UNTHROTTLE_SAFE);
+			tty_unthrottle_safe(tty);
+			__tty_set_flow_change(tty, 0);
+		}
+	} else
+		n_tty_check_throttle(tty);
+
+	if (unlikely(ldata->no_room)) {
+		/*
+		 * Barrier here is to ensure to read the latest read_tail in
+		 * chars_in_buffer() and to make sure that read_tail is not loaded
+		 * before ldata->no_room is set.
+		 */
+		smp_mb();
+		if (!chars_in_buffer(tty))
+			n_tty_kick_worker(tty);
+	}
+
+	up_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);
+
+	return rcvd;
+}
+
+static void n_tty_receive_buf(struct tty_struct *tty, const u8 *cp,
+			      const u8 *fp, size_t count)
+{
+	n_tty_receive_buf_common(tty, cp, fp, count, false);
+}
+
+static size_t n_tty_receive_buf2(struct tty_struct *tty, const u8 *cp,
+				 const u8 *fp, size_t count)
+{
+	return n_tty_receive_buf_common(tty, cp, fp, count, true);
+}
+
+/**
+ * n_tty_set_termios	-	termios data changed
+ * @tty: terminal
+ * @old: previous data
+ *
+ * Called by the tty layer when the user changes termios flags so that the line
+ * discipline can plan ahead. This function cannot sleep and is protected from
+ * re-entry by the tty layer. The user is guaranteed that this function will
+ * not be re-entered or in progress when the ldisc is closed.
+ *
+ * Locking: Caller holds @tty->termios_rwsem
+ */
+static void n_tty_set_termios(struct tty_struct *tty, const struct ktermios *old)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+
+	if (!old || (old->c_lflag ^ tty->termios.c_lflag) & (ICANON | EXTPROC)) {
+		bitmap_zero(ldata->read_flags, N_TTY_BUF_SIZE);
+		ldata->line_start = ldata->read_tail;
+		if (!L_ICANON(tty) || !read_cnt(ldata)) {
+			ldata->canon_head = ldata->read_tail;
+			ldata->push = 0;
+		} else {
+			set_bit(MASK(ldata->read_head - 1), ldata->read_flags);
+			ldata->canon_head = ldata->read_head;
+			ldata->push = 1;
+		}
+		ldata->commit_head = ldata->read_head;
+		ldata->erasing = 0;
+		ldata->lnext = 0;
+	}
+
+	ldata->icanon = (L_ICANON(tty) != 0);
+
+	if (I_ISTRIP(tty) || I_IUCLC(tty) || I_IGNCR(tty) ||
+	    I_ICRNL(tty) || I_INLCR(tty) || L_ICANON(tty) ||
+	    I_IXON(tty) || L_ISIG(tty) || L_ECHO(tty) ||
+	    I_PARMRK(tty)) {
+		bitmap_zero(ldata->char_map, 256);
+
+		if (I_IGNCR(tty) || I_ICRNL(tty))
+			set_bit('\r', ldata->char_map);
+		if (I_INLCR(tty))
+			set_bit('\n', ldata->char_map);
+
+		if (L_ICANON(tty)) {
+			set_bit(ERASE_CHAR(tty), ldata->char_map);
+			set_bit(KILL_CHAR(tty), ldata->char_map);
+			set_bit(EOF_CHAR(tty), ldata->char_map);
+			set_bit('\n', ldata->char_map);
+			set_bit(EOL_CHAR(tty), ldata->char_map);
+			if (L_IEXTEN(tty)) {
+				set_bit(WERASE_CHAR(tty), ldata->char_map);
+				set_bit(LNEXT_CHAR(tty), ldata->char_map);
+				set_bit(EOL2_CHAR(tty), ldata->char_map);
+				if (L_ECHO(tty))
+					set_bit(REPRINT_CHAR(tty),
+						ldata->char_map);
+			}
+		}
+		if (I_IXON(tty)) {
+			set_bit(START_CHAR(tty), ldata->char_map);
+			set_bit(STOP_CHAR(tty), ldata->char_map);
+		}
+		if (L_ISIG(tty)) {
+			set_bit(INTR_CHAR(tty), ldata->char_map);
+			set_bit(QUIT_CHAR(tty), ldata->char_map);
+			set_bit(SUSP_CHAR(tty), ldata->char_map);
+		}
+		clear_bit(__DISABLED_CHAR, ldata->char_map);
+		ldata->raw = 0;
+		ldata->real_raw = 0;
+	} else {
+		ldata->raw = 1;
+		if ((I_IGNBRK(tty) || (!I_BRKINT(tty) && !I_PARMRK(tty))) &&
+		    (I_IGNPAR(tty) || !I_INPCK(tty)) &&
+		    (tty->driver->flags & TTY_DRIVER_REAL_RAW))
+			ldata->real_raw = 1;
+		else
+			ldata->real_raw = 0;
+	}
+	/*
+	 * Fix tty hang when I_IXON(tty) is cleared, but the tty
+	 * been stopped by STOP_CHAR(tty) before it.
+	 */
+	if (!I_IXON(tty) && old && (old->c_iflag & IXON) && !tty->flow.tco_stopped) {
+		start_tty(tty);
+		process_echoes(tty);
+	}
+
+	/* The termios change make the tty ready for I/O */
+	wake_up_interruptible(&tty->write_wait);
+	wake_up_interruptible(&tty->read_wait);
+}
+
+/**
+ * n_tty_close		-	close the ldisc for this tty
+ * @tty: device
+ *
+ * Called from the terminal layer when this line discipline is being shut down,
+ * either because of a close or becsuse of a discipline change. The function
+ * will not be called while other ldisc methods are in progress.
+ */
+static void n_tty_close(struct tty_struct *tty)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+
+	if (tty->link)
+		n_tty_packet_mode_flush(tty);
+
+	down_write(&tty->termios_rwsem);
+	vfree(ldata);
+	tty->disc_data = NULL;
+	up_write(&tty->termios_rwsem);
+}
+
+/**
+ * n_tty_open		-	open an ldisc
+ * @tty: terminal to open
+ *
+ * Called when this line discipline is being attached to the terminal device.
+ * Can sleep. Called serialized so that no other events will occur in parallel.
+ * No further open will occur until a close.
+ */
+static int n_tty_open(struct tty_struct *tty)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata;
+
+	/* Currently a malloc failure here can panic */
+	ldata = vzalloc(sizeof(*ldata));
+	if (!ldata)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	ldata->overrun_time = jiffies;
+	mutex_init(&ldata->atomic_read_lock);
+	mutex_init(&ldata->output_lock);
+
+	tty->disc_data = ldata;
+	tty->closing = 0;
+	/* indicate buffer work may resume */
+	clear_bit(TTY_LDISC_HALTED, &tty->flags);
+	n_tty_set_termios(tty, NULL);
+	tty_unthrottle(tty);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int input_available_p(const struct tty_struct *tty, int poll)
+{
+	const struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+	int amt = poll && !TIME_CHAR(tty) && MIN_CHAR(tty) ? MIN_CHAR(tty) : 1;
+
+	if (ldata->icanon && !L_EXTPROC(tty))
+		return ldata->canon_head != ldata->read_tail;
+	else
+		return ldata->commit_head - ldata->read_tail >= amt;
+}
+
+/**
+ * copy_from_read_buf	-	copy read data directly
+ * @tty: terminal device
+ * @kbp: data
+ * @nr: size of data
+ *
+ * Helper function to speed up n_tty_read(). It is only called when %ICANON is
+ * off; it copies characters straight from the tty queue.
+ *
+ * Returns: true if it successfully copied data, but there is still more data
+ * to be had.
+ *
+ * Locking:
+ *  * called under the @ldata->atomic_read_lock sem
+ *  * n_tty_read()/consumer path:
+ *		caller holds non-exclusive %termios_rwsem;
+ *		read_tail published
+ */
+static bool copy_from_read_buf(const struct tty_struct *tty, u8 **kbp,
+			       size_t *nr)
+
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+	size_t n;
+	bool is_eof;
+	size_t head = smp_load_acquire(&ldata->commit_head);
+	size_t tail = MASK(ldata->read_tail);
+
+	n = min(head - ldata->read_tail, N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - tail);
+	n = min(*nr, n);
+	if (n) {
+		u8 *from = read_buf_addr(ldata, tail);
+		memcpy(*kbp, from, n);
+		is_eof = n == 1 && *from == EOF_CHAR(tty);
+		tty_audit_add_data(tty, from, n);
+		zero_buffer(tty, from, n);
+		smp_store_release(&ldata->read_tail, ldata->read_tail + n);
+		/* Turn single EOF into zero-length read */
+		if (L_EXTPROC(tty) && ldata->icanon && is_eof &&
+		    (head == ldata->read_tail))
+			return false;
+		*kbp += n;
+		*nr -= n;
+
+		/* If we have more to copy, let the caller know */
+		return head != ldata->read_tail;
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * canon_copy_from_read_buf	-	copy read data in canonical mode
+ * @tty: terminal device
+ * @kbp: data
+ * @nr: size of data
+ *
+ * Helper function for n_tty_read(). It is only called when %ICANON is on; it
+ * copies one line of input up to and including the line-delimiting character
+ * into the result buffer.
+ *
+ * Note: When termios is changed from non-canonical to canonical mode and the
+ * read buffer contains data, n_tty_set_termios() simulates an EOF push (as if
+ * C-d were input) _without_ the %DISABLED_CHAR in the buffer. This causes data
+ * already processed as input to be immediately available as input although a
+ * newline has not been received.
+ *
+ * Locking:
+ *  * called under the %atomic_read_lock mutex
+ *  * n_tty_read()/consumer path:
+ *	caller holds non-exclusive %termios_rwsem;
+ *	read_tail published
+ */
+static bool canon_copy_from_read_buf(const struct tty_struct *tty, u8 **kbp,
+				     size_t *nr)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+	size_t n, size, more, c;
+	size_t eol;
+	size_t tail, canon_head;
+	int found = 0;
+
+	/* N.B. avoid overrun if nr == 0 */
+	if (!*nr)
+		return false;
+
+	canon_head = smp_load_acquire(&ldata->canon_head);
+	n = min(*nr, canon_head - ldata->read_tail);
+
+	tail = MASK(ldata->read_tail);
+	size = min_t(size_t, tail + n, N_TTY_BUF_SIZE);
+
+	n_tty_trace("%s: nr:%zu tail:%zu n:%zu size:%zu\n",
+		    __func__, *nr, tail, n, size);
+
+	eol = find_next_bit(ldata->read_flags, size, tail);
+	more = n - (size - tail);
+	if (eol == N_TTY_BUF_SIZE && more) {
+		/* scan wrapped without finding set bit */
+		eol = find_first_bit(ldata->read_flags, more);
+		found = eol != more;
+	} else
+		found = eol != size;
+
+	n = eol - tail;
+	if (n > N_TTY_BUF_SIZE)
+		n += N_TTY_BUF_SIZE;
+	c = n + found;
+
+	if (!found || read_buf(ldata, eol) != __DISABLED_CHAR)
+		n = c;
+
+	n_tty_trace("%s: eol:%zu found:%d n:%zu c:%zu tail:%zu more:%zu\n",
+		    __func__, eol, found, n, c, tail, more);
+
+	tty_copy(tty, *kbp, tail, n);
+	*kbp += n;
+	*nr -= n;
+
+	if (found)
+		clear_bit(eol, ldata->read_flags);
+	smp_store_release(&ldata->read_tail, ldata->read_tail + c);
+
+	if (found) {
+		if (!ldata->push)
+			ldata->line_start = ldata->read_tail;
+		else
+			ldata->push = 0;
+		tty_audit_push();
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	/* No EOL found - do a continuation retry if there is more data */
+	return ldata->read_tail != canon_head;
+}
+
+/*
+ * If we finished a read at the exact location of an
+ * EOF (special EOL character that's a __DISABLED_CHAR)
+ * in the stream, silently eat the EOF.
+ */
+static void canon_skip_eof(struct n_tty_data *ldata)
+{
+	size_t tail, canon_head;
+
+	canon_head = smp_load_acquire(&ldata->canon_head);
+	tail = ldata->read_tail;
+
+	// No data?
+	if (tail == canon_head)
+		return;
+
+	// See if the tail position is EOF in the circular buffer
+	tail &= (N_TTY_BUF_SIZE - 1);
+	if (!test_bit(tail, ldata->read_flags))
+		return;
+	if (read_buf(ldata, tail) != __DISABLED_CHAR)
+		return;
+
+	// Clear the EOL bit, skip the EOF char.
+	clear_bit(tail, ldata->read_flags);
+	smp_store_release(&ldata->read_tail, ldata->read_tail + 1);
+}
+
+/**
+ * job_control		-	check job control
+ * @tty: tty
+ * @file: file handle
+ *
+ * Perform job control management checks on this @file/@tty descriptor and if
+ * appropriate send any needed signals and return a negative error code if
+ * action should be taken.
+ *
+ * Locking:
+ *  * redirected write test is safe
+ *  * current->signal->tty check is safe
+ *  * ctrl.lock to safely reference @tty->ctrl.pgrp
+ */
+static int job_control(struct tty_struct *tty, struct file *file)
+{
+	/* Job control check -- must be done at start and after
+	   every sleep (POSIX.1 7.1.1.4). */
+	/* NOTE: not yet done after every sleep pending a thorough
+	   check of the logic of this change. -- jlc */
+	/* don't stop on /dev/console */
+	if (file->f_op->write_iter == redirected_tty_write)
+		return 0;
+
+	return __tty_check_change(tty, SIGTTIN);
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * n_tty_read		-	read function for tty
+ * @tty: tty device
+ * @file: file object
+ * @kbuf: kernelspace buffer pointer
+ * @nr: size of I/O
+ * @cookie: if non-%NULL, this is a continuation read
+ * @offset: where to continue reading from (unused in n_tty)
+ *
+ * Perform reads for the line discipline. We are guaranteed that the line
+ * discipline will not be closed under us but we may get multiple parallel
+ * readers and must handle this ourselves. We may also get a hangup. Always
+ * called in user context, may sleep.
+ *
+ * This code must be sure never to sleep through a hangup.
+ *
+ * Locking: n_tty_read()/consumer path:
+ *	claims non-exclusive termios_rwsem;
+ *	publishes read_tail
+ */
+static ssize_t n_tty_read(struct tty_struct *tty, struct file *file, u8 *kbuf,
+			  size_t nr, void **cookie, unsigned long offset)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+	u8 *kb = kbuf;
+	DEFINE_WAIT_FUNC(wait, woken_wake_function);
+	int c;
+	int minimum, time;
+	ssize_t retval = 0;
+	long timeout;
+	bool packet;
+	size_t old_tail;
+
+	/*
+	 * Is this a continuation of a read started earler?
+	 *
+	 * If so, we still hold the atomic_read_lock and the
+	 * termios_rwsem, and can just continue to copy data.
+	 */
+	if (*cookie) {
+		if (ldata->icanon && !L_EXTPROC(tty)) {
+			/*
+			 * If we have filled the user buffer, see
+			 * if we should skip an EOF character before
+			 * releasing the lock and returning done.
+			 */
+			if (!nr)
+				canon_skip_eof(ldata);
+			else if (canon_copy_from_read_buf(tty, &kb, &nr))
+				return kb - kbuf;
+		} else {
+			if (copy_from_read_buf(tty, &kb, &nr))
+				return kb - kbuf;
+		}
+
+		/* No more data - release locks and stop retries */
+		n_tty_kick_worker(tty);
+		n_tty_check_unthrottle(tty);
+		up_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);
+		mutex_unlock(&ldata->atomic_read_lock);
+		*cookie = NULL;
+		return kb - kbuf;
+	}
+
+	c = job_control(tty, file);
+	if (c < 0)
+		return c;
+
+	/*
+	 *	Internal serialization of reads.
+	 */
+	if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
+		if (!mutex_trylock(&ldata->atomic_read_lock))
+			return -EAGAIN;
+	} else {
+		if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&ldata->atomic_read_lock))
+			return -ERESTARTSYS;
+	}
+
+	down_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);
+
+	minimum = time = 0;
+	timeout = MAX_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT;
+	if (!ldata->icanon) {
+		minimum = MIN_CHAR(tty);
+		if (minimum) {
+			time = (HZ / 10) * TIME_CHAR(tty);
+		} else {
+			timeout = (HZ / 10) * TIME_CHAR(tty);
+			minimum = 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	packet = tty->ctrl.packet;
+	old_tail = ldata->read_tail;
+
+	add_wait_queue(&tty->read_wait, &wait);
+	while (nr) {
+		/* First test for status change. */
+		if (packet && tty->link->ctrl.pktstatus) {
+			u8 cs;
+			if (kb != kbuf)
+				break;
+			spin_lock_irq(&tty->link->ctrl.lock);
+			cs = tty->link->ctrl.pktstatus;
+			tty->link->ctrl.pktstatus = 0;
+			spin_unlock_irq(&tty->link->ctrl.lock);
+			*kb++ = cs;
+			nr--;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (!input_available_p(tty, 0)) {
+			up_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);
+			tty_buffer_flush_work(tty->port);
+			down_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);
+			if (!input_available_p(tty, 0)) {
+				if (test_bit(TTY_OTHER_CLOSED, &tty->flags)) {
+					retval = -EIO;
+					break;
+				}
+				if (tty_hung_up_p(file))
+					break;
+				/*
+				 * Abort readers for ttys which never actually
+				 * get hung up.  See __tty_hangup().
+				 */
+				if (test_bit(TTY_HUPPING, &tty->flags))
+					break;
+				if (!timeout)
+					break;
+				if (tty_io_nonblock(tty, file)) {
+					retval = -EAGAIN;
+					break;
+				}
+				if (signal_pending(current)) {
+					retval = -ERESTARTSYS;
+					break;
+				}
+				up_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);
+
+				timeout = wait_woken(&wait, TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE,
+						timeout);
+
+				down_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (ldata->icanon && !L_EXTPROC(tty)) {
+			if (canon_copy_from_read_buf(tty, &kb, &nr))
+				goto more_to_be_read;
+		} else {
+			/* Deal with packet mode. */
+			if (packet && kb == kbuf) {
+				*kb++ = TIOCPKT_DATA;
+				nr--;
+			}
+
+			/*
+			 * Copy data, and if there is more to be had
+			 * and we have nothing more to wait for, then
+			 * let's mark us for retries.
+			 *
+			 * NOTE! We return here with both the termios_sem
+			 * and atomic_read_lock still held, the retries
+			 * will release them when done.
+			 */
+			if (copy_from_read_buf(tty, &kb, &nr) && kb - kbuf >= minimum) {
+more_to_be_read:
+				remove_wait_queue(&tty->read_wait, &wait);
+				*cookie = cookie;
+				return kb - kbuf;
+			}
+		}
+
+		n_tty_check_unthrottle(tty);
+
+		if (kb - kbuf >= minimum)
+			break;
+		if (time)
+			timeout = time;
+	}
+	if (old_tail != ldata->read_tail) {
+		/*
+		 * Make sure no_room is not read in n_tty_kick_worker()
+		 * before setting ldata->read_tail in copy_from_read_buf().
+		 */
+		smp_mb();
+		n_tty_kick_worker(tty);
+	}
+	up_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);
+
+	remove_wait_queue(&tty->read_wait, &wait);
+	mutex_unlock(&ldata->atomic_read_lock);
+
+	if (kb - kbuf)
+		retval = kb - kbuf;
+
+	return retval;
+}
+
+/**
+ * n_tty_write		-	write function for tty
+ * @tty: tty device
+ * @file: file object
+ * @buf: userspace buffer pointer
+ * @nr: size of I/O
+ *
+ * Write function of the terminal device. This is serialized with respect to
+ * other write callers but not to termios changes, reads and other such events.
+ * Since the receive code will echo characters, thus calling driver write
+ * methods, the %output_lock is used in the output processing functions called
+ * here as well as in the echo processing function to protect the column state
+ * and space left in the buffer.
+ *
+ * This code must be sure never to sleep through a hangup.
+ *
+ * Locking: output_lock to protect column state and space left
+ *	 (note that the process_output*() functions take this lock themselves)
+ */
+
+static ssize_t n_tty_write(struct tty_struct *tty, struct file *file,
+			   const u8 *buf, size_t nr)
+{
+	const u8 *b = buf;
+	DEFINE_WAIT_FUNC(wait, woken_wake_function);
+	ssize_t num, retval = 0;
+
+	/* Job control check -- must be done at start (POSIX.1 7.1.1.4). */
+	if (L_TOSTOP(tty) && file->f_op->write_iter != redirected_tty_write) {
+		retval = tty_check_change(tty);
+		if (retval)
+			return retval;
+	}
+
+	down_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);
+
+	/* Write out any echoed characters that are still pending */
+	process_echoes(tty);
+
+	add_wait_queue(&tty->write_wait, &wait);
+	while (1) {
+		if (signal_pending(current)) {
+			retval = -ERESTARTSYS;
+			break;
+		}
+		if (tty_hung_up_p(file) || (tty->link && !tty->link->count)) {
+			retval = -EIO;
+			break;
+		}
+		if (O_OPOST(tty)) {
+			while (nr > 0) {
+				num = process_output_block(tty, b, nr);
+				if (num < 0) {
+					if (num == -EAGAIN)
+						break;
+					retval = num;
+					goto break_out;
+				}
+				b += num;
+				nr -= num;
+				if (nr == 0)
+					break;
+				if (process_output(*b, tty) < 0)
+					break;
+				b++; nr--;
+			}
+			if (tty->ops->flush_chars)
+				tty->ops->flush_chars(tty);
+		} else {
+			struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+
+			while (nr > 0) {
+				mutex_lock(&ldata->output_lock);
+				num = tty->ops->write(tty, b, nr);
+				mutex_unlock(&ldata->output_lock);
+				if (num < 0) {
+					retval = num;
+					goto break_out;
+				}
+				if (!num)
+					break;
+				b += num;
+				nr -= num;
+			}
+		}
+		if (!nr)
+			break;
+		if (tty_io_nonblock(tty, file)) {
+			retval = -EAGAIN;
+			break;
+		}
+		up_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);
+
+		wait_woken(&wait, TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE, MAX_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT);
+
+		down_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);
+	}
+break_out:
+	remove_wait_queue(&tty->write_wait, &wait);
+	if (nr && tty->fasync)
+		set_bit(TTY_DO_WRITE_WAKEUP, &tty->flags);
+	up_read(&tty->termios_rwsem);
+	return (b - buf) ? b - buf : retval;
+}
+
+/**
+ * n_tty_poll		-	poll method for N_TTY
+ * @tty: terminal device
+ * @file: file accessing it
+ * @wait: poll table
+ *
+ * Called when the line discipline is asked to poll() for data or for special
+ * events. This code is not serialized with respect to other events save
+ * open/close.
+ *
+ * This code must be sure never to sleep through a hangup.
+ *
+ * Locking: called without the kernel lock held -- fine.
+ */
+static __poll_t n_tty_poll(struct tty_struct *tty, struct file *file,
+							poll_table *wait)
+{
+	__poll_t mask = 0;
+
+	poll_wait(file, &tty->read_wait, wait);
+	poll_wait(file, &tty->write_wait, wait);
+	if (input_available_p(tty, 1))
+		mask |= EPOLLIN | EPOLLRDNORM;
+	else {
+		tty_buffer_flush_work(tty->port);
+		if (input_available_p(tty, 1))
+			mask |= EPOLLIN | EPOLLRDNORM;
+	}
+	if (tty->ctrl.packet && tty->link->ctrl.pktstatus)
+		mask |= EPOLLPRI | EPOLLIN | EPOLLRDNORM;
+	if (test_bit(TTY_OTHER_CLOSED, &tty->flags))
+		mask |= EPOLLHUP;
+	if (tty_hung_up_p(file))
+		mask |= EPOLLHUP;
+	if (tty->ops->write && !tty_is_writelocked(tty) &&
+			tty_chars_in_buffer(tty) < WAKEUP_CHARS &&
+			tty_write_room(tty) > 0)
+		mask |= EPOLLOUT | EPOLLWRNORM;
+	return mask;
+}
+
+static unsigned long inq_canon(struct n_tty_data *ldata)
+{
+	size_t nr, head, tail;
+
+	if (ldata->canon_head == ldata->read_tail)
+		return 0;
+	head = ldata->canon_head;
+	tail = ldata->read_tail;
+	nr = head - tail;
+	/* Skip EOF-chars.. */
+	while (MASK(head) != MASK(tail)) {
+		if (test_bit(MASK(tail), ldata->read_flags) &&
+		    read_buf(ldata, tail) == __DISABLED_CHAR)
+			nr--;
+		tail++;
+	}
+	return nr;
+}
+
+static int n_tty_ioctl(struct tty_struct *tty, unsigned int cmd,
+		       unsigned long arg)
+{
+	struct n_tty_data *ldata = tty->disc_data;
+	int retval;
+
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case TIOCOUTQ:
+		return put_user(tty_chars_in_buffer(tty), (int __user *) arg);
+	case TIOCINQ:
+		down_write(&tty->termios_rwsem);
+		if (L_ICANON(tty) && !L_EXTPROC(tty))
+			retval = inq_canon(ldata);
+		else
+			retval = read_cnt(ldata);
+		up_write(&tty->termios_rwsem);
+		return put_user(retval, (unsigned int __user *) arg);
+	default:
+		return n_tty_ioctl_helper(tty, cmd, arg);
+	}
+}
+
+static struct tty_ldisc_ops n_tty_ops = {
+	.owner		 = THIS_MODULE,
+	.num		 = N_TTY,
+	.name            = "n_tty",
+	.open            = n_tty_open,
+	.close           = n_tty_close,
+	.flush_buffer    = n_tty_flush_buffer,
+	.read            = n_tty_read,
+	.write           = n_tty_write,
+	.ioctl           = n_tty_ioctl,
+	.set_termios     = n_tty_set_termios,
+	.poll            = n_tty_poll,
+	.receive_buf     = n_tty_receive_buf,
+	.write_wakeup    = n_tty_write_wakeup,
+	.receive_buf2	 = n_tty_receive_buf2,
+	.lookahead_buf	 = n_tty_lookahead_flow_ctrl,
+};
+
+/**
+ *	n_tty_inherit_ops	-	inherit N_TTY methods
+ *	@ops: struct tty_ldisc_ops where to save N_TTY methods
+ *
+ *	Enables a 'subclass' line discipline to 'inherit' N_TTY methods.
+ */
+
+void n_tty_inherit_ops(struct tty_ldisc_ops *ops)
+{
+	*ops = n_tty_ops;
+	ops->owner = NULL;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(n_tty_inherit_ops);
+
+void __init n_tty_init(void)
+{
+	tty_register_ldisc(&n_tty_ops);
+}