Adding upstream version 6.6.15.upstream/6.6.15

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 3422 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/inode.c b/fs/reiserfs/inode.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..86e55d4bb1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/inode.c
@@ -0,0 +1,3422 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+#include "acl.h"
+#include "xattr.h"
+#include <linux/exportfs.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/highmem.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <asm/unaligned.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include <linux/mpage.h>
+#include <linux/writeback.h>
+#include <linux/quotaops.h>
+#include <linux/swap.h>
+#include <linux/uio.h>
+#include <linux/bio.h>
+
+int reiserfs_commit_write(struct file *f, struct page *page,
+			  unsigned from, unsigned to);
+
+void reiserfs_evict_inode(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	/*
+	 * We need blocks for transaction + (user+group) quota
+	 * update (possibly delete)
+	 */
+	int jbegin_count =
+	    JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 2 +
+	    2 * REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS(inode->i_sb);
+	struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+	int err;
+
+	if (!inode->i_nlink && !is_bad_inode(inode))
+		dquot_initialize(inode);
+
+	truncate_inode_pages_final(&inode->i_data);
+	if (inode->i_nlink)
+		goto no_delete;
+
+	/*
+	 * The = 0 happens when we abort creating a new inode
+	 * for some reason like lack of space..
+	 * also handles bad_inode case
+	 */
+	if (!(inode->i_state & I_NEW) && INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_objectid != 0) {
+
+		reiserfs_delete_xattrs(inode);
+
+		reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+
+		if (journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, jbegin_count))
+			goto out;
+		reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+
+		reiserfs_discard_prealloc(&th, inode);
+
+		err = reiserfs_delete_object(&th, inode);
+
+		/*
+		 * Do quota update inside a transaction for journaled quotas.
+		 * We must do that after delete_object so that quota updates
+		 * go into the same transaction as stat data deletion
+		 */
+		if (!err) {
+			int depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(inode->i_sb);
+			dquot_free_inode(inode);
+			reiserfs_write_lock_nested(inode->i_sb, depth);
+		}
+
+		if (journal_end(&th))
+			goto out;
+
+		/*
+		 * check return value from reiserfs_delete_object after
+		 * ending the transaction
+		 */
+		if (err)
+		    goto out;
+
+		/*
+		 * all items of file are deleted, so we can remove
+		 * "save" link
+		 * we can't do anything about an error here
+		 */
+		remove_save_link(inode, 0 /* not truncate */);
+out:
+		reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+	} else {
+		/* no object items are in the tree */
+		;
+	}
+
+	/* note this must go after the journal_end to prevent deadlock */
+	clear_inode(inode);
+
+	dquot_drop(inode);
+	inode->i_blocks = 0;
+	return;
+
+no_delete:
+	clear_inode(inode);
+	dquot_drop(inode);
+}
+
+static void _make_cpu_key(struct cpu_key *key, int version, __u32 dirid,
+			  __u32 objectid, loff_t offset, int type, int length)
+{
+	key->version = version;
+
+	key->on_disk_key.k_dir_id = dirid;
+	key->on_disk_key.k_objectid = objectid;
+	set_cpu_key_k_offset(key, offset);
+	set_cpu_key_k_type(key, type);
+	key->key_length = length;
+}
+
+/*
+ * take base of inode_key (it comes from inode always) (dirid, objectid)
+ * and version from an inode, set offset and type of key
+ */
+void make_cpu_key(struct cpu_key *key, struct inode *inode, loff_t offset,
+		  int type, int length)
+{
+	_make_cpu_key(key, get_inode_item_key_version(inode),
+		      le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_dir_id),
+		      le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_objectid), offset, type,
+		      length);
+}
+
+/* when key is 0, do not set version and short key */
+inline void make_le_item_head(struct item_head *ih, const struct cpu_key *key,
+			      int version,
+			      loff_t offset, int type, int length,
+			      int entry_count /*or ih_free_space */ )
+{
+	if (key) {
+		ih->ih_key.k_dir_id = cpu_to_le32(key->on_disk_key.k_dir_id);
+		ih->ih_key.k_objectid =
+		    cpu_to_le32(key->on_disk_key.k_objectid);
+	}
+	put_ih_version(ih, version);
+	set_le_ih_k_offset(ih, offset);
+	set_le_ih_k_type(ih, type);
+	put_ih_item_len(ih, length);
+	/*    set_ih_free_space (ih, 0); */
+	/*
+	 * for directory items it is entry count, for directs and stat
+	 * datas - 0xffff, for indirects - 0
+	 */
+	put_ih_entry_count(ih, entry_count);
+}
+
+/*
+ * FIXME: we might cache recently accessed indirect item
+ * Ugh.  Not too eager for that....
+ * I cut the code until such time as I see a convincing argument (benchmark).
+ * I don't want a bloated inode struct..., and I don't like code complexity....
+ */
+
+/*
+ * cutting the code is fine, since it really isn't in use yet and is easy
+ * to add back in.  But, Vladimir has a really good idea here.  Think
+ * about what happens for reading a file.  For each page,
+ * The VFS layer calls reiserfs_read_folio, who searches the tree to find
+ * an indirect item.  This indirect item has X number of pointers, where
+ * X is a big number if we've done the block allocation right.  But,
+ * we only use one or two of these pointers during each call to read_folio,
+ * needlessly researching again later on.
+ *
+ * The size of the cache could be dynamic based on the size of the file.
+ *
+ * I'd also like to see us cache the location the stat data item, since
+ * we are needlessly researching for that frequently.
+ *
+ * --chris
+ */
+
+/*
+ * If this page has a file tail in it, and
+ * it was read in by get_block_create_0, the page data is valid,
+ * but tail is still sitting in a direct item, and we can't write to
+ * it.  So, look through this page, and check all the mapped buffers
+ * to make sure they have valid block numbers.  Any that don't need
+ * to be unmapped, so that __block_write_begin will correctly call
+ * reiserfs_get_block to convert the tail into an unformatted node
+ */
+static inline void fix_tail_page_for_writing(struct page *page)
+{
+	struct buffer_head *head, *next, *bh;
+
+	if (page && page_has_buffers(page)) {
+		head = page_buffers(page);
+		bh = head;
+		do {
+			next = bh->b_this_page;
+			if (buffer_mapped(bh) && bh->b_blocknr == 0) {
+				reiserfs_unmap_buffer(bh);
+			}
+			bh = next;
+		} while (bh != head);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * reiserfs_get_block does not need to allocate a block only if it has been
+ * done already or non-hole position has been found in the indirect item
+ */
+static inline int allocation_needed(int retval, b_blocknr_t allocated,
+				    struct item_head *ih,
+				    __le32 * item, int pos_in_item)
+{
+	if (allocated)
+		return 0;
+	if (retval == POSITION_FOUND && is_indirect_le_ih(ih) &&
+	    get_block_num(item, pos_in_item))
+		return 0;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static inline int indirect_item_found(int retval, struct item_head *ih)
+{
+	return (retval == POSITION_FOUND) && is_indirect_le_ih(ih);
+}
+
+static inline void set_block_dev_mapped(struct buffer_head *bh,
+					b_blocknr_t block, struct inode *inode)
+{
+	map_bh(bh, inode->i_sb, block);
+}
+
+/*
+ * files which were created in the earlier version can not be longer,
+ * than 2 gb
+ */
+static int file_capable(struct inode *inode, sector_t block)
+{
+	/* it is new file. */
+	if (get_inode_item_key_version(inode) != KEY_FORMAT_3_5 ||
+	    /* old file, but 'block' is inside of 2gb */
+	    block < (1 << (31 - inode->i_sb->s_blocksize_bits)))
+		return 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int restart_transaction(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+			       struct inode *inode, struct treepath *path)
+{
+	struct super_block *s = th->t_super;
+	int err;
+
+	BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+	BUG_ON(!th->t_refcount);
+
+	pathrelse(path);
+
+	/* we cannot restart while nested */
+	if (th->t_refcount > 1) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+	reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode);
+	err = journal_end(th);
+	if (!err) {
+		err = journal_begin(th, s, JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 6);
+		if (!err)
+			reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * it is called by get_block when create == 0. Returns block number
+ * for 'block'-th logical block of file. When it hits direct item it
+ * returns 0 (being called from bmap) or read direct item into piece
+ * of page (bh_result)
+ * Please improve the english/clarity in the comment above, as it is
+ * hard to understand.
+ */
+static int _get_block_create_0(struct inode *inode, sector_t block,
+			       struct buffer_head *bh_result, int args)
+{
+	INITIALIZE_PATH(path);
+	struct cpu_key key;
+	struct buffer_head *bh;
+	struct item_head *ih, tmp_ih;
+	b_blocknr_t blocknr;
+	char *p;
+	int chars;
+	int ret;
+	int result;
+	int done = 0;
+	unsigned long offset;
+
+	/* prepare the key to look for the 'block'-th block of file */
+	make_cpu_key(&key, inode,
+		     (loff_t) block * inode->i_sb->s_blocksize + 1, TYPE_ANY,
+		     3);
+
+	result = search_for_position_by_key(inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+	if (result != POSITION_FOUND) {
+		pathrelse(&path);
+		if (result == IO_ERROR)
+			return -EIO;
+		/*
+		 * We do not return -ENOENT if there is a hole but page is
+		 * uptodate, because it means that there is some MMAPED data
+		 * associated with it that is yet to be written to disk.
+		 */
+		if ((args & GET_BLOCK_NO_HOLE)
+		    && !PageUptodate(bh_result->b_page)) {
+			return -ENOENT;
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	bh = get_last_bh(&path);
+	ih = tp_item_head(&path);
+	if (is_indirect_le_ih(ih)) {
+		__le32 *ind_item = (__le32 *) ih_item_body(bh, ih);
+
+		/*
+		 * FIXME: here we could cache indirect item or part of it in
+		 * the inode to avoid search_by_key in case of subsequent
+		 * access to file
+		 */
+		blocknr = get_block_num(ind_item, path.pos_in_item);
+		ret = 0;
+		if (blocknr) {
+			map_bh(bh_result, inode->i_sb, blocknr);
+			if (path.pos_in_item ==
+			    ((ih_item_len(ih) / UNFM_P_SIZE) - 1)) {
+				set_buffer_boundary(bh_result);
+			}
+		} else
+			/*
+			 * We do not return -ENOENT if there is a hole but
+			 * page is uptodate, because it means that there is
+			 * some MMAPED data associated with it that is
+			 * yet to be written to disk.
+			 */
+		if ((args & GET_BLOCK_NO_HOLE)
+			    && !PageUptodate(bh_result->b_page)) {
+			ret = -ENOENT;
+		}
+
+		pathrelse(&path);
+		return ret;
+	}
+	/* requested data are in direct item(s) */
+	if (!(args & GET_BLOCK_READ_DIRECT)) {
+		/*
+		 * we are called by bmap. FIXME: we can not map block of file
+		 * when it is stored in direct item(s)
+		 */
+		pathrelse(&path);
+		return -ENOENT;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * if we've got a direct item, and the buffer or page was uptodate,
+	 * we don't want to pull data off disk again.  skip to the
+	 * end, where we map the buffer and return
+	 */
+	if (buffer_uptodate(bh_result)) {
+		goto finished;
+	} else
+		/*
+		 * grab_tail_page can trigger calls to reiserfs_get_block on
+		 * up to date pages without any buffers.  If the page is up
+		 * to date, we don't want read old data off disk.  Set the up
+		 * to date bit on the buffer instead and jump to the end
+		 */
+	if (!bh_result->b_page || PageUptodate(bh_result->b_page)) {
+		set_buffer_uptodate(bh_result);
+		goto finished;
+	}
+	/* read file tail into part of page */
+	offset = (cpu_key_k_offset(&key) - 1) & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
+	copy_item_head(&tmp_ih, ih);
+
+	/*
+	 * we only want to kmap if we are reading the tail into the page.
+	 * this is not the common case, so we don't kmap until we are
+	 * sure we need to.  But, this means the item might move if
+	 * kmap schedules
+	 */
+	p = (char *)kmap(bh_result->b_page);
+	p += offset;
+	memset(p, 0, inode->i_sb->s_blocksize);
+	do {
+		if (!is_direct_le_ih(ih)) {
+			BUG();
+		}
+		/*
+		 * make sure we don't read more bytes than actually exist in
+		 * the file.  This can happen in odd cases where i_size isn't
+		 * correct, and when direct item padding results in a few
+		 * extra bytes at the end of the direct item
+		 */
+		if ((le_ih_k_offset(ih) + path.pos_in_item) > inode->i_size)
+			break;
+		if ((le_ih_k_offset(ih) - 1 + ih_item_len(ih)) > inode->i_size) {
+			chars =
+			    inode->i_size - (le_ih_k_offset(ih) - 1) -
+			    path.pos_in_item;
+			done = 1;
+		} else {
+			chars = ih_item_len(ih) - path.pos_in_item;
+		}
+		memcpy(p, ih_item_body(bh, ih) + path.pos_in_item, chars);
+
+		if (done)
+			break;
+
+		p += chars;
+
+		/*
+		 * we done, if read direct item is not the last item of
+		 * node FIXME: we could try to check right delimiting key
+		 * to see whether direct item continues in the right
+		 * neighbor or rely on i_size
+		 */
+		if (PATH_LAST_POSITION(&path) != (B_NR_ITEMS(bh) - 1))
+			break;
+
+		/* update key to look for the next piece */
+		set_cpu_key_k_offset(&key, cpu_key_k_offset(&key) + chars);
+		result = search_for_position_by_key(inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+		if (result != POSITION_FOUND)
+			/* i/o error most likely */
+			break;
+		bh = get_last_bh(&path);
+		ih = tp_item_head(&path);
+	} while (1);
+
+	flush_dcache_page(bh_result->b_page);
+	kunmap(bh_result->b_page);
+
+finished:
+	pathrelse(&path);
+
+	if (result == IO_ERROR)
+		return -EIO;
+
+	/*
+	 * this buffer has valid data, but isn't valid for io.  mapping it to
+	 * block #0 tells the rest of reiserfs it just has a tail in it
+	 */
+	map_bh(bh_result, inode->i_sb, 0);
+	set_buffer_uptodate(bh_result);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * this is called to create file map. So, _get_block_create_0 will not
+ * read direct item
+ */
+static int reiserfs_bmap(struct inode *inode, sector_t block,
+			 struct buffer_head *bh_result, int create)
+{
+	if (!file_capable(inode, block))
+		return -EFBIG;
+
+	reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+	/* do not read the direct item */
+	_get_block_create_0(inode, block, bh_result, 0);
+	reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * special version of get_block that is only used by grab_tail_page right
+ * now.  It is sent to __block_write_begin, and when you try to get a
+ * block past the end of the file (or a block from a hole) it returns
+ * -ENOENT instead of a valid buffer.  __block_write_begin expects to
+ * be able to do i/o on the buffers returned, unless an error value
+ * is also returned.
+ *
+ * So, this allows __block_write_begin to be used for reading a single block
+ * in a page.  Where it does not produce a valid page for holes, or past the
+ * end of the file.  This turns out to be exactly what we need for reading
+ * tails for conversion.
+ *
+ * The point of the wrapper is forcing a certain value for create, even
+ * though the VFS layer is calling this function with create==1.  If you
+ * don't want to send create == GET_BLOCK_NO_HOLE to reiserfs_get_block,
+ * don't use this function.
+*/
+static int reiserfs_get_block_create_0(struct inode *inode, sector_t block,
+				       struct buffer_head *bh_result,
+				       int create)
+{
+	return reiserfs_get_block(inode, block, bh_result, GET_BLOCK_NO_HOLE);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This is special helper for reiserfs_get_block in case we are executing
+ * direct_IO request.
+ */
+static int reiserfs_get_blocks_direct_io(struct inode *inode,
+					 sector_t iblock,
+					 struct buffer_head *bh_result,
+					 int create)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	bh_result->b_page = NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * We set the b_size before reiserfs_get_block call since it is
+	 * referenced in convert_tail_for_hole() that may be called from
+	 * reiserfs_get_block()
+	 */
+	bh_result->b_size = i_blocksize(inode);
+
+	ret = reiserfs_get_block(inode, iblock, bh_result,
+				 create | GET_BLOCK_NO_DANGLE);
+	if (ret)
+		goto out;
+
+	/* don't allow direct io onto tail pages */
+	if (buffer_mapped(bh_result) && bh_result->b_blocknr == 0) {
+		/*
+		 * make sure future calls to the direct io funcs for this
+		 * offset in the file fail by unmapping the buffer
+		 */
+		clear_buffer_mapped(bh_result);
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Possible unpacked tail. Flush the data before pages have
+	 * disappeared
+	 */
+	if (REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags & i_pack_on_close_mask) {
+		int err;
+
+		reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+
+		err = reiserfs_commit_for_inode(inode);
+		REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags &= ~i_pack_on_close_mask;
+
+		reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+
+		if (err < 0)
+			ret = err;
+	}
+out:
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * helper function for when reiserfs_get_block is called for a hole
+ * but the file tail is still in a direct item
+ * bh_result is the buffer head for the hole
+ * tail_offset is the offset of the start of the tail in the file
+ *
+ * This calls prepare_write, which will start a new transaction
+ * you should not be in a transaction, or have any paths held when you
+ * call this.
+ */
+static int convert_tail_for_hole(struct inode *inode,
+				 struct buffer_head *bh_result,
+				 loff_t tail_offset)
+{
+	unsigned long index;
+	unsigned long tail_end;
+	unsigned long tail_start;
+	struct page *tail_page;
+	struct page *hole_page = bh_result->b_page;
+	int retval = 0;
+
+	if ((tail_offset & (bh_result->b_size - 1)) != 1)
+		return -EIO;
+
+	/* always try to read until the end of the block */
+	tail_start = tail_offset & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
+	tail_end = (tail_start | (bh_result->b_size - 1)) + 1;
+
+	index = tail_offset >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+	/*
+	 * hole_page can be zero in case of direct_io, we are sure
+	 * that we cannot get here if we write with O_DIRECT into tail page
+	 */
+	if (!hole_page || index != hole_page->index) {
+		tail_page = grab_cache_page(inode->i_mapping, index);
+		retval = -ENOMEM;
+		if (!tail_page) {
+			goto out;
+		}
+	} else {
+		tail_page = hole_page;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * we don't have to make sure the conversion did not happen while
+	 * we were locking the page because anyone that could convert
+	 * must first take i_mutex.
+	 *
+	 * We must fix the tail page for writing because it might have buffers
+	 * that are mapped, but have a block number of 0.  This indicates tail
+	 * data that has been read directly into the page, and
+	 * __block_write_begin won't trigger a get_block in this case.
+	 */
+	fix_tail_page_for_writing(tail_page);
+	retval = __reiserfs_write_begin(tail_page, tail_start,
+				      tail_end - tail_start);
+	if (retval)
+		goto unlock;
+
+	/* tail conversion might change the data in the page */
+	flush_dcache_page(tail_page);
+
+	retval = reiserfs_commit_write(NULL, tail_page, tail_start, tail_end);
+
+unlock:
+	if (tail_page != hole_page) {
+		unlock_page(tail_page);
+		put_page(tail_page);
+	}
+out:
+	return retval;
+}
+
+static inline int _allocate_block(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+				  sector_t block,
+				  struct inode *inode,
+				  b_blocknr_t * allocated_block_nr,
+				  struct treepath *path, int flags)
+{
+	BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+#ifdef REISERFS_PREALLOCATE
+	if (!(flags & GET_BLOCK_NO_IMUX)) {
+		return reiserfs_new_unf_blocknrs2(th, inode, allocated_block_nr,
+						  path, block);
+	}
+#endif
+	return reiserfs_new_unf_blocknrs(th, inode, allocated_block_nr, path,
+					 block);
+}
+
+int reiserfs_get_block(struct inode *inode, sector_t block,
+		       struct buffer_head *bh_result, int create)
+{
+	int repeat, retval = 0;
+	/* b_blocknr_t is (unsigned) 32 bit int*/
+	b_blocknr_t allocated_block_nr = 0;
+	INITIALIZE_PATH(path);
+	int pos_in_item;
+	struct cpu_key key;
+	struct buffer_head *bh, *unbh = NULL;
+	struct item_head *ih, tmp_ih;
+	__le32 *item;
+	int done;
+	int fs_gen;
+	struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th = NULL;
+	/*
+	 * space reserved in transaction batch:
+	 * . 3 balancings in direct->indirect conversion
+	 * . 1 block involved into reiserfs_update_sd()
+	 * XXX in practically impossible worst case direct2indirect()
+	 * can incur (much) more than 3 balancings.
+	 * quota update for user, group
+	 */
+	int jbegin_count =
+	    JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 3 + 1 +
+	    2 * REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS(inode->i_sb);
+	int version;
+	int dangle = 1;
+	loff_t new_offset =
+	    (((loff_t) block) << inode->i_sb->s_blocksize_bits) + 1;
+
+	reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+	version = get_inode_item_key_version(inode);
+
+	if (!file_capable(inode, block)) {
+		reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+		return -EFBIG;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * if !create, we aren't changing the FS, so we don't need to
+	 * log anything, so we don't need to start a transaction
+	 */
+	if (!(create & GET_BLOCK_CREATE)) {
+		int ret;
+		/* find number of block-th logical block of the file */
+		ret = _get_block_create_0(inode, block, bh_result,
+					  create | GET_BLOCK_READ_DIRECT);
+		reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * if we're already in a transaction, make sure to close
+	 * any new transactions we start in this func
+	 */
+	if ((create & GET_BLOCK_NO_DANGLE) ||
+	    reiserfs_transaction_running(inode->i_sb))
+		dangle = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * If file is of such a size, that it might have a tail and
+	 * tails are enabled  we should mark it as possibly needing
+	 * tail packing on close
+	 */
+	if ((have_large_tails(inode->i_sb)
+	     && inode->i_size < i_block_size(inode) * 4)
+	    || (have_small_tails(inode->i_sb)
+		&& inode->i_size < i_block_size(inode)))
+		REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags |= i_pack_on_close_mask;
+
+	/* set the key of the first byte in the 'block'-th block of file */
+	make_cpu_key(&key, inode, new_offset, TYPE_ANY, 3 /*key length */ );
+	if ((new_offset + inode->i_sb->s_blocksize - 1) > inode->i_size) {
+start_trans:
+		th = reiserfs_persistent_transaction(inode->i_sb, jbegin_count);
+		if (!th) {
+			retval = -ENOMEM;
+			goto failure;
+		}
+		reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+	}
+research:
+
+	retval = search_for_position_by_key(inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+	if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+		retval = -EIO;
+		goto failure;
+	}
+
+	bh = get_last_bh(&path);
+	ih = tp_item_head(&path);
+	item = tp_item_body(&path);
+	pos_in_item = path.pos_in_item;
+
+	fs_gen = get_generation(inode->i_sb);
+	copy_item_head(&tmp_ih, ih);
+
+	if (allocation_needed
+	    (retval, allocated_block_nr, ih, item, pos_in_item)) {
+		/* we have to allocate block for the unformatted node */
+		if (!th) {
+			pathrelse(&path);
+			goto start_trans;
+		}
+
+		repeat =
+		    _allocate_block(th, block, inode, &allocated_block_nr,
+				    &path, create);
+
+		/*
+		 * restart the transaction to give the journal a chance to free
+		 * some blocks.  releases the path, so we have to go back to
+		 * research if we succeed on the second try
+		 */
+		if (repeat == NO_DISK_SPACE || repeat == QUOTA_EXCEEDED) {
+			SB_JOURNAL(inode->i_sb)->j_next_async_flush = 1;
+			retval = restart_transaction(th, inode, &path);
+			if (retval)
+				goto failure;
+			repeat =
+			    _allocate_block(th, block, inode,
+					    &allocated_block_nr, NULL, create);
+
+			if (repeat != NO_DISK_SPACE && repeat != QUOTA_EXCEEDED) {
+				goto research;
+			}
+			if (repeat == QUOTA_EXCEEDED)
+				retval = -EDQUOT;
+			else
+				retval = -ENOSPC;
+			goto failure;
+		}
+
+		if (fs_changed(fs_gen, inode->i_sb)
+		    && item_moved(&tmp_ih, &path)) {
+			goto research;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (indirect_item_found(retval, ih)) {
+		b_blocknr_t unfm_ptr;
+		/*
+		 * 'block'-th block is in the file already (there is
+		 * corresponding cell in some indirect item). But it may be
+		 * zero unformatted node pointer (hole)
+		 */
+		unfm_ptr = get_block_num(item, pos_in_item);
+		if (unfm_ptr == 0) {
+			/* use allocated block to plug the hole */
+			reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(inode->i_sb, bh, 1);
+			if (fs_changed(fs_gen, inode->i_sb)
+			    && item_moved(&tmp_ih, &path)) {
+				reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(inode->i_sb,
+								 bh);
+				goto research;
+			}
+			set_buffer_new(bh_result);
+			if (buffer_dirty(bh_result)
+			    && reiserfs_data_ordered(inode->i_sb))
+				reiserfs_add_ordered_list(inode, bh_result);
+			put_block_num(item, pos_in_item, allocated_block_nr);
+			unfm_ptr = allocated_block_nr;
+			journal_mark_dirty(th, bh);
+			reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode);
+		}
+		set_block_dev_mapped(bh_result, unfm_ptr, inode);
+		pathrelse(&path);
+		retval = 0;
+		if (!dangle && th)
+			retval = reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction(th);
+
+		reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+
+		/*
+		 * the item was found, so new blocks were not added to the file
+		 * there is no need to make sure the inode is updated with this
+		 * transaction
+		 */
+		return retval;
+	}
+
+	if (!th) {
+		pathrelse(&path);
+		goto start_trans;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * desired position is not found or is in the direct item. We have
+	 * to append file with holes up to 'block'-th block converting
+	 * direct items to indirect one if necessary
+	 */
+	done = 0;
+	do {
+		if (is_statdata_le_ih(ih)) {
+			__le32 unp = 0;
+			struct cpu_key tmp_key;
+
+			/* indirect item has to be inserted */
+			make_le_item_head(&tmp_ih, &key, version, 1,
+					  TYPE_INDIRECT, UNFM_P_SIZE,
+					  0 /* free_space */ );
+
+			/*
+			 * we are going to add 'block'-th block to the file.
+			 * Use allocated block for that
+			 */
+			if (cpu_key_k_offset(&key) == 1) {
+				unp = cpu_to_le32(allocated_block_nr);
+				set_block_dev_mapped(bh_result,
+						     allocated_block_nr, inode);
+				set_buffer_new(bh_result);
+				done = 1;
+			}
+			tmp_key = key;	/* ;) */
+			set_cpu_key_k_offset(&tmp_key, 1);
+			PATH_LAST_POSITION(&path)++;
+
+			retval =
+			    reiserfs_insert_item(th, &path, &tmp_key, &tmp_ih,
+						 inode, (char *)&unp);
+			if (retval) {
+				reiserfs_free_block(th, inode,
+						    allocated_block_nr, 1);
+				/*
+				 * retval == -ENOSPC, -EDQUOT or -EIO
+				 * or -EEXIST
+				 */
+				goto failure;
+			}
+		} else if (is_direct_le_ih(ih)) {
+			/* direct item has to be converted */
+			loff_t tail_offset;
+
+			tail_offset =
+			    ((le_ih_k_offset(ih) -
+			      1) & ~(inode->i_sb->s_blocksize - 1)) + 1;
+
+			/*
+			 * direct item we just found fits into block we have
+			 * to map. Convert it into unformatted node: use
+			 * bh_result for the conversion
+			 */
+			if (tail_offset == cpu_key_k_offset(&key)) {
+				set_block_dev_mapped(bh_result,
+						     allocated_block_nr, inode);
+				unbh = bh_result;
+				done = 1;
+			} else {
+				/*
+				 * we have to pad file tail stored in direct
+				 * item(s) up to block size and convert it
+				 * to unformatted node. FIXME: this should
+				 * also get into page cache
+				 */
+
+				pathrelse(&path);
+				/*
+				 * ugly, but we can only end the transaction if
+				 * we aren't nested
+				 */
+				BUG_ON(!th->t_refcount);
+				if (th->t_refcount == 1) {
+					retval =
+					    reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction
+					    (th);
+					th = NULL;
+					if (retval)
+						goto failure;
+				}
+
+				retval =
+				    convert_tail_for_hole(inode, bh_result,
+							  tail_offset);
+				if (retval) {
+					if (retval != -ENOSPC)
+						reiserfs_error(inode->i_sb,
+							"clm-6004",
+							"convert tail failed "
+							"inode %lu, error %d",
+							inode->i_ino,
+							retval);
+					if (allocated_block_nr) {
+						/*
+						 * the bitmap, the super,
+						 * and the stat data == 3
+						 */
+						if (!th)
+							th = reiserfs_persistent_transaction(inode->i_sb, 3);
+						if (th)
+							reiserfs_free_block(th,
+									    inode,
+									    allocated_block_nr,
+									    1);
+					}
+					goto failure;
+				}
+				goto research;
+			}
+			retval =
+			    direct2indirect(th, inode, &path, unbh,
+					    tail_offset);
+			if (retval) {
+				reiserfs_unmap_buffer(unbh);
+				reiserfs_free_block(th, inode,
+						    allocated_block_nr, 1);
+				goto failure;
+			}
+			/*
+			 * it is important the set_buffer_uptodate is done
+			 * after the direct2indirect.  The buffer might
+			 * contain valid data newer than the data on disk
+			 * (read by read_folio, changed, and then sent here by
+			 * writepage).  direct2indirect needs to know if unbh
+			 * was already up to date, so it can decide if the
+			 * data in unbh needs to be replaced with data from
+			 * the disk
+			 */
+			set_buffer_uptodate(unbh);
+
+			/*
+			 * unbh->b_page == NULL in case of DIRECT_IO request,
+			 * this means buffer will disappear shortly, so it
+			 * should not be added to
+			 */
+			if (unbh->b_page) {
+				/*
+				 * we've converted the tail, so we must
+				 * flush unbh before the transaction commits
+				 */
+				reiserfs_add_tail_list(inode, unbh);
+
+				/*
+				 * mark it dirty now to prevent commit_write
+				 * from adding this buffer to the inode's
+				 * dirty buffer list
+				 */
+				/*
+				 * AKPM: changed __mark_buffer_dirty to
+				 * mark_buffer_dirty().  It's still atomic,
+				 * but it sets the page dirty too, which makes
+				 * it eligible for writeback at any time by the
+				 * VM (which was also the case with
+				 * __mark_buffer_dirty())
+				 */
+				mark_buffer_dirty(unbh);
+			}
+		} else {
+			/*
+			 * append indirect item with holes if needed, when
+			 * appending pointer to 'block'-th block use block,
+			 * which is already allocated
+			 */
+			struct cpu_key tmp_key;
+			/*
+			 * We use this in case we need to allocate
+			 * only one block which is a fastpath
+			 */
+			unp_t unf_single = 0;
+			unp_t *un;
+			__u64 max_to_insert =
+			    MAX_ITEM_LEN(inode->i_sb->s_blocksize) /
+			    UNFM_P_SIZE;
+			__u64 blocks_needed;
+
+			RFALSE(pos_in_item != ih_item_len(ih) / UNFM_P_SIZE,
+			       "vs-804: invalid position for append");
+			/*
+			 * indirect item has to be appended,
+			 * set up key of that position
+			 * (key type is unimportant)
+			 */
+			make_cpu_key(&tmp_key, inode,
+				     le_key_k_offset(version,
+						     &ih->ih_key) +
+				     op_bytes_number(ih,
+						     inode->i_sb->s_blocksize),
+				     TYPE_INDIRECT, 3);
+
+			RFALSE(cpu_key_k_offset(&tmp_key) > cpu_key_k_offset(&key),
+			       "green-805: invalid offset");
+			blocks_needed =
+			    1 +
+			    ((cpu_key_k_offset(&key) -
+			      cpu_key_k_offset(&tmp_key)) >> inode->i_sb->
+			     s_blocksize_bits);
+
+			if (blocks_needed == 1) {
+				un = &unf_single;
+			} else {
+				un = kcalloc(min(blocks_needed, max_to_insert),
+					     UNFM_P_SIZE, GFP_NOFS);
+				if (!un) {
+					un = &unf_single;
+					blocks_needed = 1;
+					max_to_insert = 0;
+				}
+			}
+			if (blocks_needed <= max_to_insert) {
+				/*
+				 * we are going to add target block to
+				 * the file. Use allocated block for that
+				 */
+				un[blocks_needed - 1] =
+				    cpu_to_le32(allocated_block_nr);
+				set_block_dev_mapped(bh_result,
+						     allocated_block_nr, inode);
+				set_buffer_new(bh_result);
+				done = 1;
+			} else {
+				/* paste hole to the indirect item */
+				/*
+				 * If kcalloc failed, max_to_insert becomes
+				 * zero and it means we only have space for
+				 * one block
+				 */
+				blocks_needed =
+				    max_to_insert ? max_to_insert : 1;
+			}
+			retval =
+			    reiserfs_paste_into_item(th, &path, &tmp_key, inode,
+						     (char *)un,
+						     UNFM_P_SIZE *
+						     blocks_needed);
+
+			if (blocks_needed != 1)
+				kfree(un);
+
+			if (retval) {
+				reiserfs_free_block(th, inode,
+						    allocated_block_nr, 1);
+				goto failure;
+			}
+			if (!done) {
+				/*
+				 * We need to mark new file size in case
+				 * this function will be interrupted/aborted
+				 * later on. And we may do this only for
+				 * holes.
+				 */
+				inode->i_size +=
+				    inode->i_sb->s_blocksize * blocks_needed;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (done == 1)
+			break;
+
+		/*
+		 * this loop could log more blocks than we had originally
+		 * asked for.  So, we have to allow the transaction to end
+		 * if it is too big or too full.  Update the inode so things
+		 * are consistent if we crash before the function returns
+		 * release the path so that anybody waiting on the path before
+		 * ending their transaction will be able to continue.
+		 */
+		if (journal_transaction_should_end(th, th->t_blocks_allocated)) {
+			retval = restart_transaction(th, inode, &path);
+			if (retval)
+				goto failure;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * inserting indirect pointers for a hole can take a
+		 * long time.  reschedule if needed and also release the write
+		 * lock for others.
+		 */
+		reiserfs_cond_resched(inode->i_sb);
+
+		retval = search_for_position_by_key(inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+		if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+			retval = -EIO;
+			goto failure;
+		}
+		if (retval == POSITION_FOUND) {
+			reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "vs-825",
+					 "%K should not be found", &key);
+			retval = -EEXIST;
+			if (allocated_block_nr)
+				reiserfs_free_block(th, inode,
+						    allocated_block_nr, 1);
+			pathrelse(&path);
+			goto failure;
+		}
+		bh = get_last_bh(&path);
+		ih = tp_item_head(&path);
+		item = tp_item_body(&path);
+		pos_in_item = path.pos_in_item;
+	} while (1);
+
+	retval = 0;
+
+failure:
+	if (th && (!dangle || (retval && !th->t_trans_id))) {
+		int err;
+		if (th->t_trans_id)
+			reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode);
+		err = reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction(th);
+		if (err)
+			retval = err;
+	}
+
+	reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+	reiserfs_check_path(&path);
+	return retval;
+}
+
+static void reiserfs_readahead(struct readahead_control *rac)
+{
+	mpage_readahead(rac, reiserfs_get_block);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compute real number of used bytes by file
+ * Following three functions can go away when we'll have enough space in
+ * stat item
+ */
+static int real_space_diff(struct inode *inode, int sd_size)
+{
+	int bytes;
+	loff_t blocksize = inode->i_sb->s_blocksize;
+
+	if (S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode) || S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
+		return sd_size;
+
+	/*
+	 * End of file is also in full block with indirect reference, so round
+	 * up to the next block.
+	 *
+	 * there is just no way to know if the tail is actually packed
+	 * on the file, so we have to assume it isn't.  When we pack the
+	 * tail, we add 4 bytes to pretend there really is an unformatted
+	 * node pointer
+	 */
+	bytes =
+	    ((inode->i_size +
+	      (blocksize - 1)) >> inode->i_sb->s_blocksize_bits) * UNFM_P_SIZE +
+	    sd_size;
+	return bytes;
+}
+
+static inline loff_t to_real_used_space(struct inode *inode, ulong blocks,
+					int sd_size)
+{
+	if (S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode) || S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
+		return inode->i_size +
+		    (loff_t) (real_space_diff(inode, sd_size));
+	}
+	return ((loff_t) real_space_diff(inode, sd_size)) +
+	    (((loff_t) blocks) << 9);
+}
+
+/* Compute number of blocks used by file in ReiserFS counting */
+static inline ulong to_fake_used_blocks(struct inode *inode, int sd_size)
+{
+	loff_t bytes = inode_get_bytes(inode);
+	loff_t real_space = real_space_diff(inode, sd_size);
+
+	/* keeps fsck and non-quota versions of reiserfs happy */
+	if (S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode) || S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
+		bytes += (loff_t) 511;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * files from before the quota patch might i_blocks such that
+	 * bytes < real_space.  Deal with that here to prevent it from
+	 * going negative.
+	 */
+	if (bytes < real_space)
+		return 0;
+	return (bytes - real_space) >> 9;
+}
+
+/*
+ * BAD: new directories have stat data of new type and all other items
+ * of old type. Version stored in the inode says about body items, so
+ * in update_stat_data we can not rely on inode, but have to check
+ * item version directly
+ */
+
+/* called by read_locked_inode */
+static void init_inode(struct inode *inode, struct treepath *path)
+{
+	struct buffer_head *bh;
+	struct item_head *ih;
+	__u32 rdev;
+
+	bh = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(path);
+	ih = tp_item_head(path);
+
+	copy_key(INODE_PKEY(inode), &ih->ih_key);
+
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_list);
+	REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags = 0;
+	REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_block = 0;
+	REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_count = 0;
+	REISERFS_I(inode)->i_trans_id = 0;
+	REISERFS_I(inode)->i_jl = NULL;
+	reiserfs_init_xattr_rwsem(inode);
+
+	if (stat_data_v1(ih)) {
+		struct stat_data_v1 *sd =
+		    (struct stat_data_v1 *)ih_item_body(bh, ih);
+		unsigned long blocks;
+
+		set_inode_item_key_version(inode, KEY_FORMAT_3_5);
+		set_inode_sd_version(inode, STAT_DATA_V1);
+		inode->i_mode = sd_v1_mode(sd);
+		set_nlink(inode, sd_v1_nlink(sd));
+		i_uid_write(inode, sd_v1_uid(sd));
+		i_gid_write(inode, sd_v1_gid(sd));
+		inode->i_size = sd_v1_size(sd);
+		inode->i_atime.tv_sec = sd_v1_atime(sd);
+		inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = sd_v1_mtime(sd);
+		inode_set_ctime(inode, sd_v1_ctime(sd), 0);
+		inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = 0;
+		inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
+
+		inode->i_blocks = sd_v1_blocks(sd);
+		inode->i_generation = le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_dir_id);
+		blocks = (inode->i_size + 511) >> 9;
+		blocks = _ROUND_UP(blocks, inode->i_sb->s_blocksize >> 9);
+
+		/*
+		 * there was a bug in <=3.5.23 when i_blocks could take
+		 * negative values. Starting from 3.5.17 this value could
+		 * even be stored in stat data. For such files we set
+		 * i_blocks based on file size. Just 2 notes: this can be
+		 * wrong for sparse files. On-disk value will be only
+		 * updated if file's inode will ever change
+		 */
+		if (inode->i_blocks > blocks) {
+			inode->i_blocks = blocks;
+		}
+
+		rdev = sd_v1_rdev(sd);
+		REISERFS_I(inode)->i_first_direct_byte =
+		    sd_v1_first_direct_byte(sd);
+
+		/*
+		 * an early bug in the quota code can give us an odd
+		 * number for the block count.  This is incorrect, fix it here.
+		 */
+		if (inode->i_blocks & 1) {
+			inode->i_blocks++;
+		}
+		inode_set_bytes(inode,
+				to_real_used_space(inode, inode->i_blocks,
+						   SD_V1_SIZE));
+		/*
+		 * nopack is initially zero for v1 objects. For v2 objects,
+		 * nopack is initialised from sd_attrs
+		 */
+		REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags &= ~i_nopack_mask;
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * new stat data found, but object may have old items
+		 * (directories and symlinks)
+		 */
+		struct stat_data *sd = (struct stat_data *)ih_item_body(bh, ih);
+
+		inode->i_mode = sd_v2_mode(sd);
+		set_nlink(inode, sd_v2_nlink(sd));
+		i_uid_write(inode, sd_v2_uid(sd));
+		inode->i_size = sd_v2_size(sd);
+		i_gid_write(inode, sd_v2_gid(sd));
+		inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = sd_v2_mtime(sd);
+		inode->i_atime.tv_sec = sd_v2_atime(sd);
+		inode_set_ctime(inode, sd_v2_ctime(sd), 0);
+		inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
+		inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = 0;
+		inode->i_blocks = sd_v2_blocks(sd);
+		rdev = sd_v2_rdev(sd);
+		if (S_ISCHR(inode->i_mode) || S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode))
+			inode->i_generation =
+			    le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_dir_id);
+		else
+			inode->i_generation = sd_v2_generation(sd);
+
+		if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) || S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode))
+			set_inode_item_key_version(inode, KEY_FORMAT_3_5);
+		else
+			set_inode_item_key_version(inode, KEY_FORMAT_3_6);
+		REISERFS_I(inode)->i_first_direct_byte = 0;
+		set_inode_sd_version(inode, STAT_DATA_V2);
+		inode_set_bytes(inode,
+				to_real_used_space(inode, inode->i_blocks,
+						   SD_V2_SIZE));
+		/*
+		 * read persistent inode attributes from sd and initialise
+		 * generic inode flags from them
+		 */
+		REISERFS_I(inode)->i_attrs = sd_v2_attrs(sd);
+		sd_attrs_to_i_attrs(sd_v2_attrs(sd), inode);
+	}
+
+	pathrelse(path);
+	if (S_ISREG(inode->i_mode)) {
+		inode->i_op = &reiserfs_file_inode_operations;
+		inode->i_fop = &reiserfs_file_operations;
+		inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &reiserfs_address_space_operations;
+	} else if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
+		inode->i_op = &reiserfs_dir_inode_operations;
+		inode->i_fop = &reiserfs_dir_operations;
+	} else if (S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode)) {
+		inode->i_op = &reiserfs_symlink_inode_operations;
+		inode_nohighmem(inode);
+		inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &reiserfs_address_space_operations;
+	} else {
+		inode->i_blocks = 0;
+		inode->i_op = &reiserfs_special_inode_operations;
+		init_special_inode(inode, inode->i_mode, new_decode_dev(rdev));
+	}
+}
+
+/* update new stat data with inode fields */
+static void inode2sd(void *sd, struct inode *inode, loff_t size)
+{
+	struct stat_data *sd_v2 = (struct stat_data *)sd;
+
+	set_sd_v2_mode(sd_v2, inode->i_mode);
+	set_sd_v2_nlink(sd_v2, inode->i_nlink);
+	set_sd_v2_uid(sd_v2, i_uid_read(inode));
+	set_sd_v2_size(sd_v2, size);
+	set_sd_v2_gid(sd_v2, i_gid_read(inode));
+	set_sd_v2_mtime(sd_v2, inode->i_mtime.tv_sec);
+	set_sd_v2_atime(sd_v2, inode->i_atime.tv_sec);
+	set_sd_v2_ctime(sd_v2, inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec);
+	set_sd_v2_blocks(sd_v2, to_fake_used_blocks(inode, SD_V2_SIZE));
+	if (S_ISCHR(inode->i_mode) || S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode))
+		set_sd_v2_rdev(sd_v2, new_encode_dev(inode->i_rdev));
+	else
+		set_sd_v2_generation(sd_v2, inode->i_generation);
+	set_sd_v2_attrs(sd_v2, REISERFS_I(inode)->i_attrs);
+}
+
+/* used to copy inode's fields to old stat data */
+static void inode2sd_v1(void *sd, struct inode *inode, loff_t size)
+{
+	struct stat_data_v1 *sd_v1 = (struct stat_data_v1 *)sd;
+
+	set_sd_v1_mode(sd_v1, inode->i_mode);
+	set_sd_v1_uid(sd_v1, i_uid_read(inode));
+	set_sd_v1_gid(sd_v1, i_gid_read(inode));
+	set_sd_v1_nlink(sd_v1, inode->i_nlink);
+	set_sd_v1_size(sd_v1, size);
+	set_sd_v1_atime(sd_v1, inode->i_atime.tv_sec);
+	set_sd_v1_ctime(sd_v1, inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec);
+	set_sd_v1_mtime(sd_v1, inode->i_mtime.tv_sec);
+
+	if (S_ISCHR(inode->i_mode) || S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode))
+		set_sd_v1_rdev(sd_v1, new_encode_dev(inode->i_rdev));
+	else
+		set_sd_v1_blocks(sd_v1, to_fake_used_blocks(inode, SD_V1_SIZE));
+
+	/* Sigh. i_first_direct_byte is back */
+	set_sd_v1_first_direct_byte(sd_v1,
+				    REISERFS_I(inode)->i_first_direct_byte);
+}
+
+/*
+ * NOTE, you must prepare the buffer head before sending it here,
+ * and then log it after the call
+ */
+static void update_stat_data(struct treepath *path, struct inode *inode,
+			     loff_t size)
+{
+	struct buffer_head *bh;
+	struct item_head *ih;
+
+	bh = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(path);
+	ih = tp_item_head(path);
+
+	if (!is_statdata_le_ih(ih))
+		reiserfs_panic(inode->i_sb, "vs-13065", "key %k, found item %h",
+			       INODE_PKEY(inode), ih);
+
+	/* path points to old stat data */
+	if (stat_data_v1(ih)) {
+		inode2sd_v1(ih_item_body(bh, ih), inode, size);
+	} else {
+		inode2sd(ih_item_body(bh, ih), inode, size);
+	}
+
+	return;
+}
+
+void reiserfs_update_sd_size(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+			     struct inode *inode, loff_t size)
+{
+	struct cpu_key key;
+	INITIALIZE_PATH(path);
+	struct buffer_head *bh;
+	int fs_gen;
+	struct item_head *ih, tmp_ih;
+	int retval;
+
+	BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+	/* key type is unimportant */
+	make_cpu_key(&key, inode, SD_OFFSET, TYPE_STAT_DATA, 3);
+
+	for (;;) {
+		int pos;
+		/* look for the object's stat data */
+		retval = search_item(inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+		if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+			reiserfs_error(inode->i_sb, "vs-13050",
+				       "i/o failure occurred trying to "
+				       "update %K stat data", &key);
+			return;
+		}
+		if (retval == ITEM_NOT_FOUND) {
+			pos = PATH_LAST_POSITION(&path);
+			pathrelse(&path);
+			if (inode->i_nlink == 0) {
+				/*reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb, "vs-13050: reiserfs_update_sd: i_nlink == 0, stat data not found"); */
+				return;
+			}
+			reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "vs-13060",
+					 "stat data of object %k (nlink == %d) "
+					 "not found (pos %d)",
+					 INODE_PKEY(inode), inode->i_nlink,
+					 pos);
+			reiserfs_check_path(&path);
+			return;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * sigh, prepare_for_journal might schedule.  When it
+		 * schedules the FS might change.  We have to detect that,
+		 * and loop back to the search if the stat data item has moved
+		 */
+		bh = get_last_bh(&path);
+		ih = tp_item_head(&path);
+		copy_item_head(&tmp_ih, ih);
+		fs_gen = get_generation(inode->i_sb);
+		reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(inode->i_sb, bh, 1);
+
+		/* Stat_data item has been moved after scheduling. */
+		if (fs_changed(fs_gen, inode->i_sb)
+		    && item_moved(&tmp_ih, &path)) {
+			reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(inode->i_sb, bh);
+			continue;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	update_stat_data(&path, inode, size);
+	journal_mark_dirty(th, bh);
+	pathrelse(&path);
+	return;
+}
+
+/*
+ * reiserfs_read_locked_inode is called to read the inode off disk, and it
+ * does a make_bad_inode when things go wrong.  But, we need to make sure
+ * and clear the key in the private portion of the inode, otherwise a
+ * corresponding iput might try to delete whatever object the inode last
+ * represented.
+ */
+static void reiserfs_make_bad_inode(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	memset(INODE_PKEY(inode), 0, KEY_SIZE);
+	make_bad_inode(inode);
+}
+
+/*
+ * initially this function was derived from minix or ext2's analog and
+ * evolved as the prototype did
+ */
+int reiserfs_init_locked_inode(struct inode *inode, void *p)
+{
+	struct reiserfs_iget_args *args = (struct reiserfs_iget_args *)p;
+	inode->i_ino = args->objectid;
+	INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_dir_id = cpu_to_le32(args->dirid);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * looks for stat data in the tree, and fills up the fields of in-core
+ * inode stat data fields
+ */
+void reiserfs_read_locked_inode(struct inode *inode,
+				struct reiserfs_iget_args *args)
+{
+	INITIALIZE_PATH(path_to_sd);
+	struct cpu_key key;
+	unsigned long dirino;
+	int retval;
+
+	dirino = args->dirid;
+
+	/*
+	 * set version 1, version 2 could be used too, because stat data
+	 * key is the same in both versions
+	 */
+	_make_cpu_key(&key, KEY_FORMAT_3_5, dirino, inode->i_ino, 0, 0, 3);
+
+	/* look for the object's stat data */
+	retval = search_item(inode->i_sb, &key, &path_to_sd);
+	if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+		reiserfs_error(inode->i_sb, "vs-13070",
+			       "i/o failure occurred trying to find "
+			       "stat data of %K", &key);
+		reiserfs_make_bad_inode(inode);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* a stale NFS handle can trigger this without it being an error */
+	if (retval != ITEM_FOUND) {
+		pathrelse(&path_to_sd);
+		reiserfs_make_bad_inode(inode);
+		clear_nlink(inode);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	init_inode(inode, &path_to_sd);
+
+	/*
+	 * It is possible that knfsd is trying to access inode of a file
+	 * that is being removed from the disk by some other thread. As we
+	 * update sd on unlink all that is required is to check for nlink
+	 * here. This bug was first found by Sizif when debugging
+	 * SquidNG/Butterfly, forgotten, and found again after Philippe
+	 * Gramoulle <philippe.gramoulle@mmania.com> reproduced it.
+
+	 * More logical fix would require changes in fs/inode.c:iput() to
+	 * remove inode from hash-table _after_ fs cleaned disk stuff up and
+	 * in iget() to return NULL if I_FREEING inode is found in
+	 * hash-table.
+	 */
+
+	/*
+	 * Currently there is one place where it's ok to meet inode with
+	 * nlink==0: processing of open-unlinked and half-truncated files
+	 * during mount (fs/reiserfs/super.c:finish_unfinished()).
+	 */
+	if ((inode->i_nlink == 0) &&
+	    !REISERFS_SB(inode->i_sb)->s_is_unlinked_ok) {
+		reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "vs-13075",
+				 "dead inode read from disk %K. "
+				 "This is likely to be race with knfsd. Ignore",
+				 &key);
+		reiserfs_make_bad_inode(inode);
+	}
+
+	/* init inode should be relsing */
+	reiserfs_check_path(&path_to_sd);
+
+	/*
+	 * Stat data v1 doesn't support ACLs.
+	 */
+	if (get_inode_sd_version(inode) == STAT_DATA_V1)
+		cache_no_acl(inode);
+}
+
+/*
+ * reiserfs_find_actor() - "find actor" reiserfs supplies to iget5_locked().
+ *
+ * @inode:    inode from hash table to check
+ * @opaque:   "cookie" passed to iget5_locked(). This is &reiserfs_iget_args.
+ *
+ * This function is called by iget5_locked() to distinguish reiserfs inodes
+ * having the same inode numbers. Such inodes can only exist due to some
+ * error condition. One of them should be bad. Inodes with identical
+ * inode numbers (objectids) are distinguished by parent directory ids.
+ *
+ */
+int reiserfs_find_actor(struct inode *inode, void *opaque)
+{
+	struct reiserfs_iget_args *args;
+
+	args = opaque;
+	/* args is already in CPU order */
+	return (inode->i_ino == args->objectid) &&
+	    (le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_dir_id) == args->dirid);
+}
+
+struct inode *reiserfs_iget(struct super_block *s, const struct cpu_key *key)
+{
+	struct inode *inode;
+	struct reiserfs_iget_args args;
+	int depth;
+
+	args.objectid = key->on_disk_key.k_objectid;
+	args.dirid = key->on_disk_key.k_dir_id;
+	depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(s);
+	inode = iget5_locked(s, key->on_disk_key.k_objectid,
+			     reiserfs_find_actor, reiserfs_init_locked_inode,
+			     (void *)(&args));
+	reiserfs_write_lock_nested(s, depth);
+	if (!inode)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+	if (inode->i_state & I_NEW) {
+		reiserfs_read_locked_inode(inode, &args);
+		unlock_new_inode(inode);
+	}
+
+	if (comp_short_keys(INODE_PKEY(inode), key) || is_bad_inode(inode)) {
+		/* either due to i/o error or a stale NFS handle */
+		iput(inode);
+		inode = NULL;
+	}
+	return inode;
+}
+
+static struct dentry *reiserfs_get_dentry(struct super_block *sb,
+	u32 objectid, u32 dir_id, u32 generation)
+
+{
+	struct cpu_key key;
+	struct inode *inode;
+
+	key.on_disk_key.k_objectid = objectid;
+	key.on_disk_key.k_dir_id = dir_id;
+	reiserfs_write_lock(sb);
+	inode = reiserfs_iget(sb, &key);
+	if (inode && !IS_ERR(inode) && generation != 0 &&
+	    generation != inode->i_generation) {
+		iput(inode);
+		inode = NULL;
+	}
+	reiserfs_write_unlock(sb);
+
+	return d_obtain_alias(inode);
+}
+
+struct dentry *reiserfs_fh_to_dentry(struct super_block *sb, struct fid *fid,
+		int fh_len, int fh_type)
+{
+	/*
+	 * fhtype happens to reflect the number of u32s encoded.
+	 * due to a bug in earlier code, fhtype might indicate there
+	 * are more u32s then actually fitted.
+	 * so if fhtype seems to be more than len, reduce fhtype.
+	 * Valid types are:
+	 *   2 - objectid + dir_id - legacy support
+	 *   3 - objectid + dir_id + generation
+	 *   4 - objectid + dir_id + objectid and dirid of parent - legacy
+	 *   5 - objectid + dir_id + generation + objectid and dirid of parent
+	 *   6 - as above plus generation of directory
+	 * 6 does not fit in NFSv2 handles
+	 */
+	if (fh_type > fh_len) {
+		if (fh_type != 6 || fh_len != 5)
+			reiserfs_warning(sb, "reiserfs-13077",
+				"nfsd/reiserfs, fhtype=%d, len=%d - odd",
+				fh_type, fh_len);
+		fh_type = fh_len;
+	}
+	if (fh_len < 2)
+		return NULL;
+
+	return reiserfs_get_dentry(sb, fid->raw[0], fid->raw[1],
+		(fh_type == 3 || fh_type >= 5) ? fid->raw[2] : 0);
+}
+
+struct dentry *reiserfs_fh_to_parent(struct super_block *sb, struct fid *fid,
+		int fh_len, int fh_type)
+{
+	if (fh_type > fh_len)
+		fh_type = fh_len;
+	if (fh_type < 4)
+		return NULL;
+
+	return reiserfs_get_dentry(sb,
+		(fh_type >= 5) ? fid->raw[3] : fid->raw[2],
+		(fh_type >= 5) ? fid->raw[4] : fid->raw[3],
+		(fh_type == 6) ? fid->raw[5] : 0);
+}
+
+int reiserfs_encode_fh(struct inode *inode, __u32 * data, int *lenp,
+		       struct inode *parent)
+{
+	int maxlen = *lenp;
+
+	if (parent && (maxlen < 5)) {
+		*lenp = 5;
+		return FILEID_INVALID;
+	} else if (maxlen < 3) {
+		*lenp = 3;
+		return FILEID_INVALID;
+	}
+
+	data[0] = inode->i_ino;
+	data[1] = le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_dir_id);
+	data[2] = inode->i_generation;
+	*lenp = 3;
+	if (parent) {
+		data[3] = parent->i_ino;
+		data[4] = le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(parent)->k_dir_id);
+		*lenp = 5;
+		if (maxlen >= 6) {
+			data[5] = parent->i_generation;
+			*lenp = 6;
+		}
+	}
+	return *lenp;
+}
+
+/*
+ * looks for stat data, then copies fields to it, marks the buffer
+ * containing stat data as dirty
+ */
+/*
+ * reiserfs inodes are never really dirty, since the dirty inode call
+ * always logs them.  This call allows the VFS inode marking routines
+ * to properly mark inodes for datasync and such, but only actually
+ * does something when called for a synchronous update.
+ */
+int reiserfs_write_inode(struct inode *inode, struct writeback_control *wbc)
+{
+	struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+	int jbegin_count = 1;
+
+	if (sb_rdonly(inode->i_sb))
+		return -EROFS;
+	/*
+	 * memory pressure can sometimes initiate write_inode calls with
+	 * sync == 1,
+	 * these cases are just when the system needs ram, not when the
+	 * inode needs to reach disk for safety, and they can safely be
+	 * ignored because the altered inode has already been logged.
+	 */
+	if (wbc->sync_mode == WB_SYNC_ALL && !(current->flags & PF_MEMALLOC)) {
+		reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+		if (!journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, jbegin_count)) {
+			reiserfs_update_sd(&th, inode);
+			journal_end_sync(&th);
+		}
+		reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * stat data of new object is inserted already, this inserts the item
+ * containing "." and ".." entries
+ */
+static int reiserfs_new_directory(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+				  struct inode *inode,
+				  struct item_head *ih, struct treepath *path,
+				  struct inode *dir)
+{
+	struct super_block *sb = th->t_super;
+	char empty_dir[EMPTY_DIR_SIZE];
+	char *body = empty_dir;
+	struct cpu_key key;
+	int retval;
+
+	BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+	_make_cpu_key(&key, KEY_FORMAT_3_5, le32_to_cpu(ih->ih_key.k_dir_id),
+		      le32_to_cpu(ih->ih_key.k_objectid), DOT_OFFSET,
+		      TYPE_DIRENTRY, 3 /*key length */ );
+
+	/*
+	 * compose item head for new item. Directories consist of items of
+	 * old type (ITEM_VERSION_1). Do not set key (second arg is 0), it
+	 * is done by reiserfs_new_inode
+	 */
+	if (old_format_only(sb)) {
+		make_le_item_head(ih, NULL, KEY_FORMAT_3_5, DOT_OFFSET,
+				  TYPE_DIRENTRY, EMPTY_DIR_SIZE_V1, 2);
+
+		make_empty_dir_item_v1(body, ih->ih_key.k_dir_id,
+				       ih->ih_key.k_objectid,
+				       INODE_PKEY(dir)->k_dir_id,
+				       INODE_PKEY(dir)->k_objectid);
+	} else {
+		make_le_item_head(ih, NULL, KEY_FORMAT_3_5, DOT_OFFSET,
+				  TYPE_DIRENTRY, EMPTY_DIR_SIZE, 2);
+
+		make_empty_dir_item(body, ih->ih_key.k_dir_id,
+				    ih->ih_key.k_objectid,
+				    INODE_PKEY(dir)->k_dir_id,
+				    INODE_PKEY(dir)->k_objectid);
+	}
+
+	/* look for place in the tree for new item */
+	retval = search_item(sb, &key, path);
+	if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+		reiserfs_error(sb, "vs-13080",
+			       "i/o failure occurred creating new directory");
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+	if (retval == ITEM_FOUND) {
+		pathrelse(path);
+		reiserfs_warning(sb, "vs-13070",
+				 "object with this key exists (%k)",
+				 &(ih->ih_key));
+		return -EEXIST;
+	}
+
+	/* insert item, that is empty directory item */
+	return reiserfs_insert_item(th, path, &key, ih, inode, body);
+}
+
+/*
+ * stat data of object has been inserted, this inserts the item
+ * containing the body of symlink
+ */
+static int reiserfs_new_symlink(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+				struct inode *inode,
+				struct item_head *ih,
+				struct treepath *path, const char *symname,
+				int item_len)
+{
+	struct super_block *sb = th->t_super;
+	struct cpu_key key;
+	int retval;
+
+	BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+	_make_cpu_key(&key, KEY_FORMAT_3_5,
+		      le32_to_cpu(ih->ih_key.k_dir_id),
+		      le32_to_cpu(ih->ih_key.k_objectid),
+		      1, TYPE_DIRECT, 3 /*key length */ );
+
+	make_le_item_head(ih, NULL, KEY_FORMAT_3_5, 1, TYPE_DIRECT, item_len,
+			  0 /*free_space */ );
+
+	/* look for place in the tree for new item */
+	retval = search_item(sb, &key, path);
+	if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+		reiserfs_error(sb, "vs-13080",
+			       "i/o failure occurred creating new symlink");
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+	if (retval == ITEM_FOUND) {
+		pathrelse(path);
+		reiserfs_warning(sb, "vs-13080",
+				 "object with this key exists (%k)",
+				 &(ih->ih_key));
+		return -EEXIST;
+	}
+
+	/* insert item, that is body of symlink */
+	return reiserfs_insert_item(th, path, &key, ih, inode, symname);
+}
+
+/*
+ * inserts the stat data into the tree, and then calls
+ * reiserfs_new_directory (to insert ".", ".." item if new object is
+ * directory) or reiserfs_new_symlink (to insert symlink body if new
+ * object is symlink) or nothing (if new object is regular file)
+
+ * NOTE! uid and gid must already be set in the inode.  If we return
+ * non-zero due to an error, we have to drop the quota previously allocated
+ * for the fresh inode.  This can only be done outside a transaction, so
+ * if we return non-zero, we also end the transaction.
+ *
+ * @th: active transaction handle
+ * @dir: parent directory for new inode
+ * @mode: mode of new inode
+ * @symname: symlink contents if inode is symlink
+ * @isize: 0 for regular file, EMPTY_DIR_SIZE for dirs, strlen(symname) for
+ *         symlinks
+ * @inode: inode to be filled
+ * @security: optional security context to associate with this inode
+ */
+int reiserfs_new_inode(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+		       struct inode *dir, umode_t mode, const char *symname,
+		       /* 0 for regular, EMTRY_DIR_SIZE for dirs,
+		          strlen (symname) for symlinks) */
+		       loff_t i_size, struct dentry *dentry,
+		       struct inode *inode,
+		       struct reiserfs_security_handle *security)
+{
+	struct super_block *sb = dir->i_sb;
+	struct reiserfs_iget_args args;
+	INITIALIZE_PATH(path_to_key);
+	struct cpu_key key;
+	struct item_head ih;
+	struct stat_data sd;
+	int retval;
+	int err;
+	int depth;
+
+	BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+	depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(sb);
+	err = dquot_alloc_inode(inode);
+	reiserfs_write_lock_nested(sb, depth);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_end_trans;
+	if (!dir->i_nlink) {
+		err = -EPERM;
+		goto out_bad_inode;
+	}
+
+	/* item head of new item */
+	ih.ih_key.k_dir_id = reiserfs_choose_packing(dir);
+	ih.ih_key.k_objectid = cpu_to_le32(reiserfs_get_unused_objectid(th));
+	if (!ih.ih_key.k_objectid) {
+		err = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out_bad_inode;
+	}
+	args.objectid = inode->i_ino = le32_to_cpu(ih.ih_key.k_objectid);
+	if (old_format_only(sb))
+		make_le_item_head(&ih, NULL, KEY_FORMAT_3_5, SD_OFFSET,
+				  TYPE_STAT_DATA, SD_V1_SIZE, MAX_US_INT);
+	else
+		make_le_item_head(&ih, NULL, KEY_FORMAT_3_6, SD_OFFSET,
+				  TYPE_STAT_DATA, SD_SIZE, MAX_US_INT);
+	memcpy(INODE_PKEY(inode), &ih.ih_key, KEY_SIZE);
+	args.dirid = le32_to_cpu(ih.ih_key.k_dir_id);
+
+	depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(inode->i_sb);
+	err = insert_inode_locked4(inode, args.objectid,
+			     reiserfs_find_actor, &args);
+	reiserfs_write_lock_nested(inode->i_sb, depth);
+	if (err) {
+		err = -EINVAL;
+		goto out_bad_inode;
+	}
+
+	if (old_format_only(sb))
+		/*
+		 * not a perfect generation count, as object ids can be reused,
+		 * but this is as good as reiserfs can do right now.
+		 * note that the private part of inode isn't filled in yet,
+		 * we have to use the directory.
+		 */
+		inode->i_generation = le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(dir)->k_objectid);
+	else
+#if defined( USE_INODE_GENERATION_COUNTER )
+		inode->i_generation =
+		    le32_to_cpu(REISERFS_SB(sb)->s_rs->s_inode_generation);
+#else
+		inode->i_generation = ++event;
+#endif
+
+	/* fill stat data */
+	set_nlink(inode, (S_ISDIR(mode) ? 2 : 1));
+
+	/* uid and gid must already be set by the caller for quota init */
+
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
+	inode->i_size = i_size;
+	inode->i_blocks = 0;
+	inode->i_bytes = 0;
+	REISERFS_I(inode)->i_first_direct_byte = S_ISLNK(mode) ? 1 :
+	    U32_MAX /*NO_BYTES_IN_DIRECT_ITEM */ ;
+
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_list);
+	REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags = 0;
+	REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_block = 0;
+	REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_count = 0;
+	REISERFS_I(inode)->i_trans_id = 0;
+	REISERFS_I(inode)->i_jl = NULL;
+	REISERFS_I(inode)->i_attrs =
+	    REISERFS_I(dir)->i_attrs & REISERFS_INHERIT_MASK;
+	sd_attrs_to_i_attrs(REISERFS_I(inode)->i_attrs, inode);
+	reiserfs_init_xattr_rwsem(inode);
+
+	/* key to search for correct place for new stat data */
+	_make_cpu_key(&key, KEY_FORMAT_3_6, le32_to_cpu(ih.ih_key.k_dir_id),
+		      le32_to_cpu(ih.ih_key.k_objectid), SD_OFFSET,
+		      TYPE_STAT_DATA, 3 /*key length */ );
+
+	/* find proper place for inserting of stat data */
+	retval = search_item(sb, &key, &path_to_key);
+	if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+		err = -EIO;
+		goto out_bad_inode;
+	}
+	if (retval == ITEM_FOUND) {
+		pathrelse(&path_to_key);
+		err = -EEXIST;
+		goto out_bad_inode;
+	}
+	if (old_format_only(sb)) {
+		/* i_uid or i_gid is too big to be stored in stat data v3.5 */
+		if (i_uid_read(inode) & ~0xffff || i_gid_read(inode) & ~0xffff) {
+			pathrelse(&path_to_key);
+			err = -EINVAL;
+			goto out_bad_inode;
+		}
+		inode2sd_v1(&sd, inode, inode->i_size);
+	} else {
+		inode2sd(&sd, inode, inode->i_size);
+	}
+	/*
+	 * store in in-core inode the key of stat data and version all
+	 * object items will have (directory items will have old offset
+	 * format, other new objects will consist of new items)
+	 */
+	if (old_format_only(sb) || S_ISDIR(mode) || S_ISLNK(mode))
+		set_inode_item_key_version(inode, KEY_FORMAT_3_5);
+	else
+		set_inode_item_key_version(inode, KEY_FORMAT_3_6);
+	if (old_format_only(sb))
+		set_inode_sd_version(inode, STAT_DATA_V1);
+	else
+		set_inode_sd_version(inode, STAT_DATA_V2);
+
+	/* insert the stat data into the tree */
+#ifdef DISPLACE_NEW_PACKING_LOCALITIES
+	if (REISERFS_I(dir)->new_packing_locality)
+		th->displace_new_blocks = 1;
+#endif
+	retval =
+	    reiserfs_insert_item(th, &path_to_key, &key, &ih, inode,
+				 (char *)(&sd));
+	if (retval) {
+		err = retval;
+		reiserfs_check_path(&path_to_key);
+		goto out_bad_inode;
+	}
+#ifdef DISPLACE_NEW_PACKING_LOCALITIES
+	if (!th->displace_new_blocks)
+		REISERFS_I(dir)->new_packing_locality = 0;
+#endif
+	if (S_ISDIR(mode)) {
+		/* insert item with "." and ".." */
+		retval =
+		    reiserfs_new_directory(th, inode, &ih, &path_to_key, dir);
+	}
+
+	if (S_ISLNK(mode)) {
+		/* insert body of symlink */
+		if (!old_format_only(sb))
+			i_size = ROUND_UP(i_size);
+		retval =
+		    reiserfs_new_symlink(th, inode, &ih, &path_to_key, symname,
+					 i_size);
+	}
+	if (retval) {
+		err = retval;
+		reiserfs_check_path(&path_to_key);
+		journal_end(th);
+		goto out_inserted_sd;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Mark it private if we're creating the privroot
+	 * or something under it.
+	 */
+	if (IS_PRIVATE(dir) || dentry == REISERFS_SB(sb)->priv_root)
+		reiserfs_init_priv_inode(inode);
+
+	if (reiserfs_posixacl(inode->i_sb)) {
+		reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+		retval = reiserfs_inherit_default_acl(th, dir, dentry, inode);
+		reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+		if (retval) {
+			err = retval;
+			reiserfs_check_path(&path_to_key);
+			journal_end(th);
+			goto out_inserted_sd;
+		}
+	} else if (inode->i_sb->s_flags & SB_POSIXACL) {
+		reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "jdm-13090",
+				 "ACLs aren't enabled in the fs, "
+				 "but vfs thinks they are!");
+	}
+
+	if (security->name) {
+		reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+		retval = reiserfs_security_write(th, inode, security);
+		reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+		if (retval) {
+			err = retval;
+			reiserfs_check_path(&path_to_key);
+			retval = journal_end(th);
+			if (retval)
+				err = retval;
+			goto out_inserted_sd;
+		}
+	}
+
+	reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode);
+	reiserfs_check_path(&path_to_key);
+
+	return 0;
+
+out_bad_inode:
+	/* Invalidate the object, nothing was inserted yet */
+	INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_objectid = 0;
+
+	/* Quota change must be inside a transaction for journaling */
+	depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(inode->i_sb);
+	dquot_free_inode(inode);
+	reiserfs_write_lock_nested(inode->i_sb, depth);
+
+out_end_trans:
+	journal_end(th);
+	/*
+	 * Drop can be outside and it needs more credits so it's better
+	 * to have it outside
+	 */
+	depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(inode->i_sb);
+	dquot_drop(inode);
+	reiserfs_write_lock_nested(inode->i_sb, depth);
+	inode->i_flags |= S_NOQUOTA;
+	make_bad_inode(inode);
+
+out_inserted_sd:
+	clear_nlink(inode);
+	th->t_trans_id = 0;	/* so the caller can't use this handle later */
+	if (inode->i_state & I_NEW)
+		unlock_new_inode(inode);
+	iput(inode);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * finds the tail page in the page cache,
+ * reads the last block in.
+ *
+ * On success, page_result is set to a locked, pinned page, and bh_result
+ * is set to an up to date buffer for the last block in the file.  returns 0.
+ *
+ * tail conversion is not done, so bh_result might not be valid for writing
+ * check buffer_mapped(bh_result) and bh_result->b_blocknr != 0 before
+ * trying to write the block.
+ *
+ * on failure, nonzero is returned, page_result and bh_result are untouched.
+ */
+static int grab_tail_page(struct inode *inode,
+			  struct page **page_result,
+			  struct buffer_head **bh_result)
+{
+
+	/*
+	 * we want the page with the last byte in the file,
+	 * not the page that will hold the next byte for appending
+	 */
+	unsigned long index = (inode->i_size - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+	unsigned long pos = 0;
+	unsigned long start = 0;
+	unsigned long blocksize = inode->i_sb->s_blocksize;
+	unsigned long offset = (inode->i_size) & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
+	struct buffer_head *bh;
+	struct buffer_head *head;
+	struct page *page;
+	int error;
+
+	/*
+	 * we know that we are only called with inode->i_size > 0.
+	 * we also know that a file tail can never be as big as a block
+	 * If i_size % blocksize == 0, our file is currently block aligned
+	 * and it won't need converting or zeroing after a truncate.
+	 */
+	if ((offset & (blocksize - 1)) == 0) {
+		return -ENOENT;
+	}
+	page = grab_cache_page(inode->i_mapping, index);
+	error = -ENOMEM;
+	if (!page) {
+		goto out;
+	}
+	/* start within the page of the last block in the file */
+	start = (offset / blocksize) * blocksize;
+
+	error = __block_write_begin(page, start, offset - start,
+				    reiserfs_get_block_create_0);
+	if (error)
+		goto unlock;
+
+	head = page_buffers(page);
+	bh = head;
+	do {
+		if (pos >= start) {
+			break;
+		}
+		bh = bh->b_this_page;
+		pos += blocksize;
+	} while (bh != head);
+
+	if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
+		/*
+		 * note, this should never happen, prepare_write should be
+		 * taking care of this for us.  If the buffer isn't up to
+		 * date, I've screwed up the code to find the buffer, or the
+		 * code to call prepare_write
+		 */
+		reiserfs_error(inode->i_sb, "clm-6000",
+			       "error reading block %lu", bh->b_blocknr);
+		error = -EIO;
+		goto unlock;
+	}
+	*bh_result = bh;
+	*page_result = page;
+
+out:
+	return error;
+
+unlock:
+	unlock_page(page);
+	put_page(page);
+	return error;
+}
+
+/*
+ * vfs version of truncate file.  Must NOT be called with
+ * a transaction already started.
+ *
+ * some code taken from block_truncate_page
+ */
+int reiserfs_truncate_file(struct inode *inode, int update_timestamps)
+{
+	struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+	/* we want the offset for the first byte after the end of the file */
+	unsigned long offset = inode->i_size & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
+	unsigned blocksize = inode->i_sb->s_blocksize;
+	unsigned length;
+	struct page *page = NULL;
+	int error;
+	struct buffer_head *bh = NULL;
+	int err2;
+
+	reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+
+	if (inode->i_size > 0) {
+		error = grab_tail_page(inode, &page, &bh);
+		if (error) {
+			/*
+			 * -ENOENT means we truncated past the end of the
+			 * file, and get_block_create_0 could not find a
+			 * block to read in, which is ok.
+			 */
+			if (error != -ENOENT)
+				reiserfs_error(inode->i_sb, "clm-6001",
+					       "grab_tail_page failed %d",
+					       error);
+			page = NULL;
+			bh = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * so, if page != NULL, we have a buffer head for the offset at
+	 * the end of the file. if the bh is mapped, and bh->b_blocknr != 0,
+	 * then we have an unformatted node.  Otherwise, we have a direct item,
+	 * and no zeroing is required on disk.  We zero after the truncate,
+	 * because the truncate might pack the item anyway
+	 * (it will unmap bh if it packs).
+	 *
+	 * it is enough to reserve space in transaction for 2 balancings:
+	 * one for "save" link adding and another for the first
+	 * cut_from_item. 1 is for update_sd
+	 */
+	error = journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb,
+			      JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 2 + 1);
+	if (error)
+		goto out;
+	reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+	if (update_timestamps)
+		/*
+		 * we are doing real truncate: if the system crashes
+		 * before the last transaction of truncating gets committed
+		 * - on reboot the file either appears truncated properly
+		 * or not truncated at all
+		 */
+		add_save_link(&th, inode, 1);
+	err2 = reiserfs_do_truncate(&th, inode, page, update_timestamps);
+	error = journal_end(&th);
+	if (error)
+		goto out;
+
+	/* check reiserfs_do_truncate after ending the transaction */
+	if (err2) {
+		error = err2;
+  		goto out;
+	}
+	
+	if (update_timestamps) {
+		error = remove_save_link(inode, 1 /* truncate */);
+		if (error)
+			goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (page) {
+		length = offset & (blocksize - 1);
+		/* if we are not on a block boundary */
+		if (length) {
+			length = blocksize - length;
+			zero_user(page, offset, length);
+			if (buffer_mapped(bh) && bh->b_blocknr != 0) {
+				mark_buffer_dirty(bh);
+			}
+		}
+		unlock_page(page);
+		put_page(page);
+	}
+
+	reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+
+	return 0;
+out:
+	if (page) {
+		unlock_page(page);
+		put_page(page);
+	}
+
+	reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+
+	return error;
+}
+
+static int map_block_for_writepage(struct inode *inode,
+				   struct buffer_head *bh_result,
+				   unsigned long block)
+{
+	struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+	int fs_gen;
+	struct item_head tmp_ih;
+	struct item_head *ih;
+	struct buffer_head *bh;
+	__le32 *item;
+	struct cpu_key key;
+	INITIALIZE_PATH(path);
+	int pos_in_item;
+	int jbegin_count = JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT;
+	loff_t byte_offset = ((loff_t)block << inode->i_sb->s_blocksize_bits)+1;
+	int retval;
+	int use_get_block = 0;
+	int bytes_copied = 0;
+	int copy_size;
+	int trans_running = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * catch places below that try to log something without
+	 * starting a trans
+	 */
+	th.t_trans_id = 0;
+
+	if (!buffer_uptodate(bh_result)) {
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	kmap(bh_result->b_page);
+start_over:
+	reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+	make_cpu_key(&key, inode, byte_offset, TYPE_ANY, 3);
+
+research:
+	retval = search_for_position_by_key(inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+	if (retval != POSITION_FOUND) {
+		use_get_block = 1;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	bh = get_last_bh(&path);
+	ih = tp_item_head(&path);
+	item = tp_item_body(&path);
+	pos_in_item = path.pos_in_item;
+
+	/* we've found an unformatted node */
+	if (indirect_item_found(retval, ih)) {
+		if (bytes_copied > 0) {
+			reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "clm-6002",
+					 "bytes_copied %d", bytes_copied);
+		}
+		if (!get_block_num(item, pos_in_item)) {
+			/* crap, we are writing to a hole */
+			use_get_block = 1;
+			goto out;
+		}
+		set_block_dev_mapped(bh_result,
+				     get_block_num(item, pos_in_item), inode);
+	} else if (is_direct_le_ih(ih)) {
+		char *p;
+		p = page_address(bh_result->b_page);
+		p += (byte_offset - 1) & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
+		copy_size = ih_item_len(ih) - pos_in_item;
+
+		fs_gen = get_generation(inode->i_sb);
+		copy_item_head(&tmp_ih, ih);
+
+		if (!trans_running) {
+			/* vs-3050 is gone, no need to drop the path */
+			retval = journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, jbegin_count);
+			if (retval)
+				goto out;
+			reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+			trans_running = 1;
+			if (fs_changed(fs_gen, inode->i_sb)
+			    && item_moved(&tmp_ih, &path)) {
+				reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(inode->i_sb,
+								 bh);
+				goto research;
+			}
+		}
+
+		reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(inode->i_sb, bh, 1);
+
+		if (fs_changed(fs_gen, inode->i_sb)
+		    && item_moved(&tmp_ih, &path)) {
+			reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(inode->i_sb, bh);
+			goto research;
+		}
+
+		memcpy(ih_item_body(bh, ih) + pos_in_item, p + bytes_copied,
+		       copy_size);
+
+		journal_mark_dirty(&th, bh);
+		bytes_copied += copy_size;
+		set_block_dev_mapped(bh_result, 0, inode);
+
+		/* are there still bytes left? */
+		if (bytes_copied < bh_result->b_size &&
+		    (byte_offset + bytes_copied) < inode->i_size) {
+			set_cpu_key_k_offset(&key,
+					     cpu_key_k_offset(&key) +
+					     copy_size);
+			goto research;
+		}
+	} else {
+		reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "clm-6003",
+				 "bad item inode %lu", inode->i_ino);
+		retval = -EIO;
+		goto out;
+	}
+	retval = 0;
+
+out:
+	pathrelse(&path);
+	if (trans_running) {
+		int err = journal_end(&th);
+		if (err)
+			retval = err;
+		trans_running = 0;
+	}
+	reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+
+	/* this is where we fill in holes in the file. */
+	if (use_get_block) {
+		retval = reiserfs_get_block(inode, block, bh_result,
+					    GET_BLOCK_CREATE | GET_BLOCK_NO_IMUX
+					    | GET_BLOCK_NO_DANGLE);
+		if (!retval) {
+			if (!buffer_mapped(bh_result)
+			    || bh_result->b_blocknr == 0) {
+				/* get_block failed to find a mapped unformatted node. */
+				use_get_block = 0;
+				goto start_over;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	kunmap(bh_result->b_page);
+
+	if (!retval && buffer_mapped(bh_result) && bh_result->b_blocknr == 0) {
+		/*
+		 * we've copied data from the page into the direct item, so the
+		 * buffer in the page is now clean, mark it to reflect that.
+		 */
+		lock_buffer(bh_result);
+		clear_buffer_dirty(bh_result);
+		unlock_buffer(bh_result);
+	}
+	return retval;
+}
+
+/*
+ * mason@suse.com: updated in 2.5.54 to follow the same general io
+ * start/recovery path as __block_write_full_folio, along with special
+ * code to handle reiserfs tails.
+ */
+static int reiserfs_write_full_page(struct page *page,
+				    struct writeback_control *wbc)
+{
+	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
+	unsigned long end_index = inode->i_size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+	int error = 0;
+	unsigned long block;
+	sector_t last_block;
+	struct buffer_head *head, *bh;
+	int partial = 0;
+	int nr = 0;
+	int checked = PageChecked(page);
+	struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+	struct super_block *s = inode->i_sb;
+	int bh_per_page = PAGE_SIZE / s->s_blocksize;
+	th.t_trans_id = 0;
+
+	/* no logging allowed when nonblocking or from PF_MEMALLOC */
+	if (checked && (current->flags & PF_MEMALLOC)) {
+		redirty_page_for_writepage(wbc, page);
+		unlock_page(page);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * The page dirty bit is cleared before writepage is called, which
+	 * means we have to tell create_empty_buffers to make dirty buffers
+	 * The page really should be up to date at this point, so tossing
+	 * in the BH_Uptodate is just a sanity check.
+	 */
+	if (!page_has_buffers(page)) {
+		create_empty_buffers(page, s->s_blocksize,
+				     (1 << BH_Dirty) | (1 << BH_Uptodate));
+	}
+	head = page_buffers(page);
+
+	/*
+	 * last page in the file, zero out any contents past the
+	 * last byte in the file
+	 */
+	if (page->index >= end_index) {
+		unsigned last_offset;
+
+		last_offset = inode->i_size & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
+		/* no file contents in this page */
+		if (page->index >= end_index + 1 || !last_offset) {
+			unlock_page(page);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		zero_user_segment(page, last_offset, PAGE_SIZE);
+	}
+	bh = head;
+	block = page->index << (PAGE_SHIFT - s->s_blocksize_bits);
+	last_block = (i_size_read(inode) - 1) >> inode->i_blkbits;
+	/* first map all the buffers, logging any direct items we find */
+	do {
+		if (block > last_block) {
+			/*
+			 * This can happen when the block size is less than
+			 * the page size.  The corresponding bytes in the page
+			 * were zero filled above
+			 */
+			clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
+			set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
+		} else if ((checked || buffer_dirty(bh)) &&
+			   (!buffer_mapped(bh) || bh->b_blocknr == 0)) {
+			/*
+			 * not mapped yet, or it points to a direct item, search
+			 * the btree for the mapping info, and log any direct
+			 * items found
+			 */
+			if ((error = map_block_for_writepage(inode, bh, block))) {
+				goto fail;
+			}
+		}
+		bh = bh->b_this_page;
+		block++;
+	} while (bh != head);
+
+	/*
+	 * we start the transaction after map_block_for_writepage,
+	 * because it can create holes in the file (an unbounded operation).
+	 * starting it here, we can make a reliable estimate for how many
+	 * blocks we're going to log
+	 */
+	if (checked) {
+		ClearPageChecked(page);
+		reiserfs_write_lock(s);
+		error = journal_begin(&th, s, bh_per_page + 1);
+		if (error) {
+			reiserfs_write_unlock(s);
+			goto fail;
+		}
+		reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+	}
+	/* now go through and lock any dirty buffers on the page */
+	do {
+		get_bh(bh);
+		if (!buffer_mapped(bh))
+			continue;
+		if (buffer_mapped(bh) && bh->b_blocknr == 0)
+			continue;
+
+		if (checked) {
+			reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, bh, 1);
+			journal_mark_dirty(&th, bh);
+			continue;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * from this point on, we know the buffer is mapped to a
+		 * real block and not a direct item
+		 */
+		if (wbc->sync_mode != WB_SYNC_NONE) {
+			lock_buffer(bh);
+		} else {
+			if (!trylock_buffer(bh)) {
+				redirty_page_for_writepage(wbc, page);
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+		if (test_clear_buffer_dirty(bh)) {
+			mark_buffer_async_write(bh);
+		} else {
+			unlock_buffer(bh);
+		}
+	} while ((bh = bh->b_this_page) != head);
+
+	if (checked) {
+		error = journal_end(&th);
+		reiserfs_write_unlock(s);
+		if (error)
+			goto fail;
+	}
+	BUG_ON(PageWriteback(page));
+	set_page_writeback(page);
+	unlock_page(page);
+
+	/*
+	 * since any buffer might be the only dirty buffer on the page,
+	 * the first submit_bh can bring the page out of writeback.
+	 * be careful with the buffers.
+	 */
+	do {
+		struct buffer_head *next = bh->b_this_page;
+		if (buffer_async_write(bh)) {
+			submit_bh(REQ_OP_WRITE, bh);
+			nr++;
+		}
+		put_bh(bh);
+		bh = next;
+	} while (bh != head);
+
+	error = 0;
+done:
+	if (nr == 0) {
+		/*
+		 * if this page only had a direct item, it is very possible for
+		 * no io to be required without there being an error.  Or,
+		 * someone else could have locked them and sent them down the
+		 * pipe without locking the page
+		 */
+		bh = head;
+		do {
+			if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
+				partial = 1;
+				break;
+			}
+			bh = bh->b_this_page;
+		} while (bh != head);
+		if (!partial)
+			SetPageUptodate(page);
+		end_page_writeback(page);
+	}
+	return error;
+
+fail:
+	/*
+	 * catches various errors, we need to make sure any valid dirty blocks
+	 * get to the media.  The page is currently locked and not marked for
+	 * writeback
+	 */
+	ClearPageUptodate(page);
+	bh = head;
+	do {
+		get_bh(bh);
+		if (buffer_mapped(bh) && buffer_dirty(bh) && bh->b_blocknr) {
+			lock_buffer(bh);
+			mark_buffer_async_write(bh);
+		} else {
+			/*
+			 * clear any dirty bits that might have come from
+			 * getting attached to a dirty page
+			 */
+			clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
+		}
+		bh = bh->b_this_page;
+	} while (bh != head);
+	SetPageError(page);
+	BUG_ON(PageWriteback(page));
+	set_page_writeback(page);
+	unlock_page(page);
+	do {
+		struct buffer_head *next = bh->b_this_page;
+		if (buffer_async_write(bh)) {
+			clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
+			submit_bh(REQ_OP_WRITE, bh);
+			nr++;
+		}
+		put_bh(bh);
+		bh = next;
+	} while (bh != head);
+	goto done;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_read_folio(struct file *f, struct folio *folio)
+{
+	return block_read_full_folio(folio, reiserfs_get_block);
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_writepage(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc)
+{
+	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
+	reiserfs_wait_on_write_block(inode->i_sb);
+	return reiserfs_write_full_page(page, wbc);
+}
+
+static void reiserfs_truncate_failed_write(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	truncate_inode_pages(inode->i_mapping, inode->i_size);
+	reiserfs_truncate_file(inode, 0);
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_write_begin(struct file *file,
+				struct address_space *mapping,
+				loff_t pos, unsigned len,
+				struct page **pagep, void **fsdata)
+{
+	struct inode *inode;
+	struct page *page;
+	pgoff_t index;
+	int ret;
+	int old_ref = 0;
+
+ 	inode = mapping->host;
+	index = pos >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+	page = grab_cache_page_write_begin(mapping, index);
+	if (!page)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	*pagep = page;
+
+	reiserfs_wait_on_write_block(inode->i_sb);
+	fix_tail_page_for_writing(page);
+	if (reiserfs_transaction_running(inode->i_sb)) {
+		struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th;
+		th = (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *)current->
+		    journal_info;
+		BUG_ON(!th->t_refcount);
+		BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+		old_ref = th->t_refcount;
+		th->t_refcount++;
+	}
+	ret = __block_write_begin(page, pos, len, reiserfs_get_block);
+	if (ret && reiserfs_transaction_running(inode->i_sb)) {
+		struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th = current->journal_info;
+		/*
+		 * this gets a little ugly.  If reiserfs_get_block returned an
+		 * error and left a transacstion running, we've got to close
+		 * it, and we've got to free handle if it was a persistent
+		 * transaction.
+		 *
+		 * But, if we had nested into an existing transaction, we need
+		 * to just drop the ref count on the handle.
+		 *
+		 * If old_ref == 0, the transaction is from reiserfs_get_block,
+		 * and it was a persistent trans.  Otherwise, it was nested
+		 * above.
+		 */
+		if (th->t_refcount > old_ref) {
+			if (old_ref)
+				th->t_refcount--;
+			else {
+				int err;
+				reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+				err = reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction(th);
+				reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+				if (err)
+					ret = err;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if (ret) {
+		unlock_page(page);
+		put_page(page);
+		/* Truncate allocated blocks */
+		reiserfs_truncate_failed_write(inode);
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int __reiserfs_write_begin(struct page *page, unsigned from, unsigned len)
+{
+	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
+	int ret;
+	int old_ref = 0;
+	int depth;
+
+	depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(inode->i_sb);
+	reiserfs_wait_on_write_block(inode->i_sb);
+	reiserfs_write_lock_nested(inode->i_sb, depth);
+
+	fix_tail_page_for_writing(page);
+	if (reiserfs_transaction_running(inode->i_sb)) {
+		struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th;
+		th = (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *)current->
+		    journal_info;
+		BUG_ON(!th->t_refcount);
+		BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+		old_ref = th->t_refcount;
+		th->t_refcount++;
+	}
+
+	ret = __block_write_begin(page, from, len, reiserfs_get_block);
+	if (ret && reiserfs_transaction_running(inode->i_sb)) {
+		struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th = current->journal_info;
+		/*
+		 * this gets a little ugly.  If reiserfs_get_block returned an
+		 * error and left a transacstion running, we've got to close
+		 * it, and we've got to free handle if it was a persistent
+		 * transaction.
+		 *
+		 * But, if we had nested into an existing transaction, we need
+		 * to just drop the ref count on the handle.
+		 *
+		 * If old_ref == 0, the transaction is from reiserfs_get_block,
+		 * and it was a persistent trans.  Otherwise, it was nested
+		 * above.
+		 */
+		if (th->t_refcount > old_ref) {
+			if (old_ref)
+				th->t_refcount--;
+			else {
+				int err;
+				reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+				err = reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction(th);
+				reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+				if (err)
+					ret = err;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return ret;
+
+}
+
+static sector_t reiserfs_aop_bmap(struct address_space *as, sector_t block)
+{
+	return generic_block_bmap(as, block, reiserfs_bmap);
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_write_end(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
+			      loff_t pos, unsigned len, unsigned copied,
+			      struct page *page, void *fsdata)
+{
+	struct folio *folio = page_folio(page);
+	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
+	int ret = 0;
+	int update_sd = 0;
+	struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th;
+	unsigned start;
+	bool locked = false;
+
+	reiserfs_wait_on_write_block(inode->i_sb);
+	if (reiserfs_transaction_running(inode->i_sb))
+		th = current->journal_info;
+	else
+		th = NULL;
+
+	start = pos & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
+	if (unlikely(copied < len)) {
+		if (!folio_test_uptodate(folio))
+			copied = 0;
+
+		folio_zero_new_buffers(folio, start + copied, start + len);
+	}
+	flush_dcache_folio(folio);
+
+	reiserfs_commit_page(inode, page, start, start + copied);
+
+	/*
+	 * generic_commit_write does this for us, but does not update the
+	 * transaction tracking stuff when the size changes.  So, we have
+	 * to do the i_size updates here.
+	 */
+	if (pos + copied > inode->i_size) {
+		struct reiserfs_transaction_handle myth;
+		reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+		locked = true;
+		/*
+		 * If the file have grown beyond the border where it
+		 * can have a tail, unmark it as needing a tail
+		 * packing
+		 */
+		if ((have_large_tails(inode->i_sb)
+		     && inode->i_size > i_block_size(inode) * 4)
+		    || (have_small_tails(inode->i_sb)
+			&& inode->i_size > i_block_size(inode)))
+			REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags &= ~i_pack_on_close_mask;
+
+		ret = journal_begin(&myth, inode->i_sb, 1);
+		if (ret)
+			goto journal_error;
+
+		reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+		inode->i_size = pos + copied;
+		/*
+		 * this will just nest into our transaction.  It's important
+		 * to use mark_inode_dirty so the inode gets pushed around on
+		 * the dirty lists, and so that O_SYNC works as expected
+		 */
+		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+		reiserfs_update_sd(&myth, inode);
+		update_sd = 1;
+		ret = journal_end(&myth);
+		if (ret)
+			goto journal_error;
+	}
+	if (th) {
+		if (!locked) {
+			reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+			locked = true;
+		}
+		if (!update_sd)
+			mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+		ret = reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction(th);
+		if (ret)
+			goto out;
+	}
+
+out:
+	if (locked)
+		reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+	unlock_page(page);
+	put_page(page);
+
+	if (pos + len > inode->i_size)
+		reiserfs_truncate_failed_write(inode);
+
+	return ret == 0 ? copied : ret;
+
+journal_error:
+	reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+	locked = false;
+	if (th) {
+		if (!update_sd)
+			reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode);
+		ret = reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction(th);
+	}
+	goto out;
+}
+
+int reiserfs_commit_write(struct file *f, struct page *page,
+			  unsigned from, unsigned to)
+{
+	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
+	loff_t pos = ((loff_t) page->index << PAGE_SHIFT) + to;
+	int ret = 0;
+	int update_sd = 0;
+	struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th = NULL;
+	int depth;
+
+	depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(inode->i_sb);
+	reiserfs_wait_on_write_block(inode->i_sb);
+	reiserfs_write_lock_nested(inode->i_sb, depth);
+
+	if (reiserfs_transaction_running(inode->i_sb)) {
+		th = current->journal_info;
+	}
+	reiserfs_commit_page(inode, page, from, to);
+
+	/*
+	 * generic_commit_write does this for us, but does not update the
+	 * transaction tracking stuff when the size changes.  So, we have
+	 * to do the i_size updates here.
+	 */
+	if (pos > inode->i_size) {
+		struct reiserfs_transaction_handle myth;
+		/*
+		 * If the file have grown beyond the border where it
+		 * can have a tail, unmark it as needing a tail
+		 * packing
+		 */
+		if ((have_large_tails(inode->i_sb)
+		     && inode->i_size > i_block_size(inode) * 4)
+		    || (have_small_tails(inode->i_sb)
+			&& inode->i_size > i_block_size(inode)))
+			REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags &= ~i_pack_on_close_mask;
+
+		ret = journal_begin(&myth, inode->i_sb, 1);
+		if (ret)
+			goto journal_error;
+
+		reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+		inode->i_size = pos;
+		/*
+		 * this will just nest into our transaction.  It's important
+		 * to use mark_inode_dirty so the inode gets pushed around
+		 * on the dirty lists, and so that O_SYNC works as expected
+		 */
+		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+		reiserfs_update_sd(&myth, inode);
+		update_sd = 1;
+		ret = journal_end(&myth);
+		if (ret)
+			goto journal_error;
+	}
+	if (th) {
+		if (!update_sd)
+			mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+		ret = reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction(th);
+		if (ret)
+			goto out;
+	}
+
+out:
+	return ret;
+
+journal_error:
+	if (th) {
+		if (!update_sd)
+			reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode);
+		ret = reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction(th);
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+void sd_attrs_to_i_attrs(__u16 sd_attrs, struct inode *inode)
+{
+	if (reiserfs_attrs(inode->i_sb)) {
+		if (sd_attrs & REISERFS_SYNC_FL)
+			inode->i_flags |= S_SYNC;
+		else
+			inode->i_flags &= ~S_SYNC;
+		if (sd_attrs & REISERFS_IMMUTABLE_FL)
+			inode->i_flags |= S_IMMUTABLE;
+		else
+			inode->i_flags &= ~S_IMMUTABLE;
+		if (sd_attrs & REISERFS_APPEND_FL)
+			inode->i_flags |= S_APPEND;
+		else
+			inode->i_flags &= ~S_APPEND;
+		if (sd_attrs & REISERFS_NOATIME_FL)
+			inode->i_flags |= S_NOATIME;
+		else
+			inode->i_flags &= ~S_NOATIME;
+		if (sd_attrs & REISERFS_NOTAIL_FL)
+			REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags |= i_nopack_mask;
+		else
+			REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags &= ~i_nopack_mask;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * decide if this buffer needs to stay around for data logging or ordered
+ * write purposes
+ */
+static int invalidate_folio_can_drop(struct inode *inode, struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+	int ret = 1;
+	struct reiserfs_journal *j = SB_JOURNAL(inode->i_sb);
+
+	lock_buffer(bh);
+	spin_lock(&j->j_dirty_buffers_lock);
+	if (!buffer_mapped(bh)) {
+		goto free_jh;
+	}
+	/*
+	 * the page is locked, and the only places that log a data buffer
+	 * also lock the page.
+	 */
+	if (reiserfs_file_data_log(inode)) {
+		/*
+		 * very conservative, leave the buffer pinned if
+		 * anyone might need it.
+		 */
+		if (buffer_journaled(bh) || buffer_journal_dirty(bh)) {
+			ret = 0;
+		}
+	} else  if (buffer_dirty(bh)) {
+		struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl;
+		struct reiserfs_jh *jh = bh->b_private;
+
+		/*
+		 * why is this safe?
+		 * reiserfs_setattr updates i_size in the on disk
+		 * stat data before allowing vmtruncate to be called.
+		 *
+		 * If buffer was put onto the ordered list for this
+		 * transaction, we know for sure either this transaction
+		 * or an older one already has updated i_size on disk,
+		 * and this ordered data won't be referenced in the file
+		 * if we crash.
+		 *
+		 * if the buffer was put onto the ordered list for an older
+		 * transaction, we need to leave it around
+		 */
+		if (jh && (jl = jh->jl)
+		    && jl != SB_JOURNAL(inode->i_sb)->j_current_jl)
+			ret = 0;
+	}
+free_jh:
+	if (ret && bh->b_private) {
+		reiserfs_free_jh(bh);
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&j->j_dirty_buffers_lock);
+	unlock_buffer(bh);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/* clm -- taken from fs/buffer.c:block_invalidate_folio */
+static void reiserfs_invalidate_folio(struct folio *folio, size_t offset,
+				    size_t length)
+{
+	struct buffer_head *head, *bh, *next;
+	struct inode *inode = folio->mapping->host;
+	unsigned int curr_off = 0;
+	unsigned int stop = offset + length;
+	int partial_page = (offset || length < folio_size(folio));
+	int ret = 1;
+
+	BUG_ON(!folio_test_locked(folio));
+
+	if (!partial_page)
+		folio_clear_checked(folio);
+
+	head = folio_buffers(folio);
+	if (!head)
+		goto out;
+
+	bh = head;
+	do {
+		unsigned int next_off = curr_off + bh->b_size;
+		next = bh->b_this_page;
+
+		if (next_off > stop)
+			goto out;
+
+		/*
+		 * is this block fully invalidated?
+		 */
+		if (offset <= curr_off) {
+			if (invalidate_folio_can_drop(inode, bh))
+				reiserfs_unmap_buffer(bh);
+			else
+				ret = 0;
+		}
+		curr_off = next_off;
+		bh = next;
+	} while (bh != head);
+
+	/*
+	 * We release buffers only if the entire page is being invalidated.
+	 * The get_block cached value has been unconditionally invalidated,
+	 * so real IO is not possible anymore.
+	 */
+	if (!partial_page && ret) {
+		ret = filemap_release_folio(folio, 0);
+		/* maybe should BUG_ON(!ret); - neilb */
+	}
+out:
+	return;
+}
+
+static bool reiserfs_dirty_folio(struct address_space *mapping,
+		struct folio *folio)
+{
+	if (reiserfs_file_data_log(mapping->host)) {
+		folio_set_checked(folio);
+		return filemap_dirty_folio(mapping, folio);
+	}
+	return block_dirty_folio(mapping, folio);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns true if the folio's buffers were dropped.  The folio is locked.
+ *
+ * Takes j_dirty_buffers_lock to protect the b_assoc_buffers list_heads
+ * in the buffers at folio_buffers(folio).
+ *
+ * even in -o notail mode, we can't be sure an old mount without -o notail
+ * didn't create files with tails.
+ */
+static bool reiserfs_release_folio(struct folio *folio, gfp_t unused_gfp_flags)
+{
+	struct inode *inode = folio->mapping->host;
+	struct reiserfs_journal *j = SB_JOURNAL(inode->i_sb);
+	struct buffer_head *head;
+	struct buffer_head *bh;
+	bool ret = true;
+
+	WARN_ON(folio_test_checked(folio));
+	spin_lock(&j->j_dirty_buffers_lock);
+	head = folio_buffers(folio);
+	bh = head;
+	do {
+		if (bh->b_private) {
+			if (!buffer_dirty(bh) && !buffer_locked(bh)) {
+				reiserfs_free_jh(bh);
+			} else {
+				ret = false;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		bh = bh->b_this_page;
+	} while (bh != head);
+	if (ret)
+		ret = try_to_free_buffers(folio);
+	spin_unlock(&j->j_dirty_buffers_lock);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * We thank Mingming Cao for helping us understand in great detail what
+ * to do in this section of the code.
+ */
+static ssize_t reiserfs_direct_IO(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter)
+{
+	struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp;
+	struct inode *inode = file->f_mapping->host;
+	size_t count = iov_iter_count(iter);
+	ssize_t ret;
+
+	ret = blockdev_direct_IO(iocb, inode, iter,
+				 reiserfs_get_blocks_direct_io);
+
+	/*
+	 * In case of error extending write may have instantiated a few
+	 * blocks outside i_size. Trim these off again.
+	 */
+	if (unlikely(iov_iter_rw(iter) == WRITE && ret < 0)) {
+		loff_t isize = i_size_read(inode);
+		loff_t end = iocb->ki_pos + count;
+
+		if ((end > isize) && inode_newsize_ok(inode, isize) == 0) {
+			truncate_setsize(inode, isize);
+			reiserfs_vfs_truncate_file(inode);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int reiserfs_setattr(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct dentry *dentry,
+		     struct iattr *attr)
+{
+	struct inode *inode = d_inode(dentry);
+	unsigned int ia_valid;
+	int error;
+
+	error = setattr_prepare(&nop_mnt_idmap, dentry, attr);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+
+	/* must be turned off for recursive notify_change calls */
+	ia_valid = attr->ia_valid &= ~(ATTR_KILL_SUID|ATTR_KILL_SGID);
+
+	if (is_quota_modification(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, attr)) {
+		error = dquot_initialize(inode);
+		if (error)
+			return error;
+	}
+	reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+	if (attr->ia_valid & ATTR_SIZE) {
+		/*
+		 * version 2 items will be caught by the s_maxbytes check
+		 * done for us in vmtruncate
+		 */
+		if (get_inode_item_key_version(inode) == KEY_FORMAT_3_5 &&
+		    attr->ia_size > MAX_NON_LFS) {
+			reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+			error = -EFBIG;
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		inode_dio_wait(inode);
+
+		/* fill in hole pointers in the expanding truncate case. */
+		if (attr->ia_size > inode->i_size) {
+			loff_t pos = attr->ia_size;
+
+			if ((pos & (inode->i_sb->s_blocksize - 1)) == 0)
+				pos++;
+			error = generic_cont_expand_simple(inode, pos);
+			if (REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_count > 0) {
+				int err;
+				struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+				/* we're changing at most 2 bitmaps, inode + super */
+				err = journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, 4);
+				if (!err) {
+					reiserfs_discard_prealloc(&th, inode);
+					err = journal_end(&th);
+				}
+				if (err)
+					error = err;
+			}
+			if (error) {
+				reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+				goto out;
+			}
+			/*
+			 * file size is changed, ctime and mtime are
+			 * to be updated
+			 */
+			attr->ia_valid |= (ATTR_MTIME | ATTR_CTIME);
+		}
+	}
+	reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+
+	if ((((attr->ia_valid & ATTR_UID) && (from_kuid(&init_user_ns, attr->ia_uid) & ~0xffff)) ||
+	     ((attr->ia_valid & ATTR_GID) && (from_kgid(&init_user_ns, attr->ia_gid) & ~0xffff))) &&
+	    (get_inode_sd_version(inode) == STAT_DATA_V1)) {
+		/* stat data of format v3.5 has 16 bit uid and gid */
+		error = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if ((ia_valid & ATTR_UID && !uid_eq(attr->ia_uid, inode->i_uid)) ||
+	    (ia_valid & ATTR_GID && !gid_eq(attr->ia_gid, inode->i_gid))) {
+		struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+		int jbegin_count =
+		    2 *
+		    (REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS(inode->i_sb) +
+		     REISERFS_QUOTA_DEL_BLOCKS(inode->i_sb)) +
+		    2;
+
+		error = reiserfs_chown_xattrs(inode, attr);
+
+		if (error)
+			return error;
+
+		/*
+		 * (user+group)*(old+new) structure - we count quota
+		 * info and , inode write (sb, inode)
+		 */
+		reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+		error = journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, jbegin_count);
+		reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+		if (error)
+			goto out;
+		error = dquot_transfer(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, attr);
+		reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+		if (error) {
+			journal_end(&th);
+			reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Update corresponding info in inode so that everything
+		 * is in one transaction
+		 */
+		if (attr->ia_valid & ATTR_UID)
+			inode->i_uid = attr->ia_uid;
+		if (attr->ia_valid & ATTR_GID)
+			inode->i_gid = attr->ia_gid;
+		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+		error = journal_end(&th);
+		reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+		if (error)
+			goto out;
+	}
+
+	if ((attr->ia_valid & ATTR_SIZE) &&
+	    attr->ia_size != i_size_read(inode)) {
+		error = inode_newsize_ok(inode, attr->ia_size);
+		if (!error) {
+			/*
+			 * Could race against reiserfs_file_release
+			 * if called from NFS, so take tailpack mutex.
+			 */
+			mutex_lock(&REISERFS_I(inode)->tailpack);
+			truncate_setsize(inode, attr->ia_size);
+			reiserfs_truncate_file(inode, 1);
+			mutex_unlock(&REISERFS_I(inode)->tailpack);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!error) {
+		setattr_copy(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, attr);
+		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+	}
+
+	if (!error && reiserfs_posixacl(inode->i_sb)) {
+		if (attr->ia_valid & ATTR_MODE)
+			error = reiserfs_acl_chmod(dentry);
+	}
+
+out:
+	return error;
+}
+
+const struct address_space_operations reiserfs_address_space_operations = {
+	.writepage = reiserfs_writepage,
+	.read_folio = reiserfs_read_folio,
+	.readahead = reiserfs_readahead,
+	.release_folio = reiserfs_release_folio,
+	.invalidate_folio = reiserfs_invalidate_folio,
+	.write_begin = reiserfs_write_begin,
+	.write_end = reiserfs_write_end,
+	.bmap = reiserfs_aop_bmap,
+	.direct_IO = reiserfs_direct_IO,
+	.dirty_folio = reiserfs_dirty_folio,
+};