Adding upstream version 6.6.15.upstream/6.6.15

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

5 files changed, 3722 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/sound/isa/wavefront/Makefile b/sound/isa/wavefront/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b8406dce81
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/wavefront/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+#
+# Makefile for ALSA
+# Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+#
+
+snd-wavefront-objs := wavefront.o wavefront_fx.o wavefront_synth.o wavefront_midi.o
+
+# Toplevel Module Dependency
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_WAVEFRONT) += snd-wavefront.o
diff --git a/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront.c b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e6e46a0266
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront.c
@@ -0,0 +1,642 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  ALSA card-level driver for Turtle Beach Wavefront cards 
+ *						(Maui,Tropez,Tropez+)
+ *
+ *  Copyright (c) 1997-1999 by Paul Barton-Davis <pbd@op.net>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/isa.h>
+#include <linux/pnp.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+#include <sound/opl3.h>
+#include <sound/wss.h>
+#include <sound/snd_wavefront.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Paul Barton-Davis <pbd@op.net>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Turtle Beach Wavefront");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	    /* Index 0-MAX */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	    /* ID for this card */
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE;	    /* Enable this card */
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static bool isapnp[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 1};
+#endif
+static long cs4232_pcm_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* PnP setup */
+static int cs4232_pcm_irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ; /* 5,7,9,11,12,15 */
+static long cs4232_mpu_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT; /* PnP setup */
+static int cs4232_mpu_irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ; /* 9,11,12,15 */
+static long ics2115_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT; /* PnP setup */
+static int ics2115_irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;    /* 2,9,11,12,15 */
+static long fm_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	    /* PnP setup */
+static int dma1[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	    /* 0,1,3,5,6,7 */
+static int dma2[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	    /* 0,1,3,5,6,7 */
+static bool use_cs4232_midi[SNDRV_CARDS];
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for WaveFront soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for WaveFront soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable WaveFront soundcard.");
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+module_param_array(isapnp, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(isapnp, "ISA PnP detection for WaveFront soundcards.");
+#endif
+module_param_hw_array(cs4232_pcm_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(cs4232_pcm_port, "Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.");
+module_param_hw_array(cs4232_pcm_irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(cs4232_pcm_irq, "IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma1, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma1, "DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma2, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma2, "DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.");
+module_param_hw_array(cs4232_mpu_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(cs4232_mpu_port, "port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.");
+module_param_hw_array(cs4232_mpu_irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(cs4232_mpu_irq, "IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.");
+module_param_hw_array(ics2115_irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(ics2115_irq, "IRQ # for ICS2115.");
+module_param_hw_array(ics2115_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(ics2115_port, "Port # for ICS2115.");
+module_param_hw_array(fm_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(fm_port, "FM port #.");
+module_param_array(use_cs4232_midi, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(use_cs4232_midi, "Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface (inaccessibly located inside your computer)");
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static int isa_registered;
+static int pnp_registered;
+
+static const struct pnp_card_device_id snd_wavefront_pnpids[] = {
+	/* Tropez */
+	{ .id = "CSC7532", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "PnPb006" }, { "CSC0004" } } },
+	/* Tropez+ */
+	{ .id = "CSC7632", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "PnPb006" }, { "CSC0004" } } },
+	{ .id = "" }
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp_card, snd_wavefront_pnpids);
+
+static int
+snd_wavefront_pnp (int dev, snd_wavefront_card_t *acard, struct pnp_card_link *card,
+		   const struct pnp_card_device_id *id)
+{
+	struct pnp_dev *pdev;
+	int err;
+
+	/* Check for each logical device. */
+
+	/* CS4232 chip (aka "windows sound system") is logical device 0 */
+
+	acard->wss = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[0].id, NULL);
+	if (acard->wss == NULL)
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	/* there is a game port at logical device 1, but we ignore it completely */
+
+	/* the control interface is logical device 2, but we ignore it
+	   completely. in fact, nobody even seems to know what it
+	   does.
+	*/
+
+	/* Only configure the CS4232 MIDI interface if its been
+	   specifically requested. It is logical device 3.
+	*/
+
+	if (use_cs4232_midi[dev]) {
+		acard->mpu = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[2].id, NULL);
+		if (acard->mpu == NULL)
+			return -EBUSY;
+	}
+
+	/* The ICS2115 synth is logical device 4 */
+
+	acard->synth = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[3].id, NULL);
+	if (acard->synth == NULL)
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	/* PCM/FM initialization */
+
+	pdev = acard->wss;
+
+	/* An interesting note from the Tropez+ FAQ:
+
+	   Q. [Ports] Why is the base address of the WSS I/O ports off by 4?
+
+	   A. WSS I/O requires a block of 8 I/O addresses ("ports"). Of these, the first
+	   4 are used to identify and configure the board. With the advent of PnP,
+	   these first 4 addresses have become obsolete, and software applications
+	   only use the last 4 addresses to control the codec chip. Therefore, the
+	   base address setting "skips past" the 4 unused addresses.
+
+	*/
+
+	err = pnp_activate_dev(pdev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "PnP WSS pnp configure failure\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	cs4232_pcm_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+	fm_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 1);
+	dma1[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 0);
+	dma2[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 1);
+	cs4232_pcm_irq[dev] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
+
+	/* Synth initialization */
+
+	pdev = acard->synth;
+	
+	err = pnp_activate_dev(pdev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "PnP ICS2115 pnp configure failure\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	ics2115_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+	ics2115_irq[dev] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
+
+	/* CS4232 MPU initialization. Configure this only if
+	   explicitly requested, since its physically inaccessible and
+	   consumes another IRQ.
+	*/
+
+	if (use_cs4232_midi[dev]) {
+
+		pdev = acard->mpu;
+
+		err = pnp_activate_dev(pdev);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "PnP MPU401 pnp configure failure\n");
+			cs4232_mpu_port[dev] = SNDRV_AUTO_PORT;
+		} else {
+			cs4232_mpu_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+			cs4232_mpu_irq[dev] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
+		}
+
+		snd_printk (KERN_INFO "CS4232 MPU: port=0x%lx, irq=%i\n", 
+			    cs4232_mpu_port[dev], 
+			    cs4232_mpu_irq[dev]);
+	}
+
+	snd_printdd ("CS4232: pcm port=0x%lx, fm port=0x%lx, dma1=%i, dma2=%i, irq=%i\nICS2115: port=0x%lx, irq=%i\n", 
+		    cs4232_pcm_port[dev], 
+		    fm_port[dev],
+		    dma1[dev], 
+		    dma2[dev], 
+		    cs4232_pcm_irq[dev],
+		    ics2115_port[dev], 
+		    ics2115_irq[dev]);
+	
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_PNP */
+
+static irqreturn_t snd_wavefront_ics2115_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
+{
+	snd_wavefront_card_t *acard;
+
+	acard = (snd_wavefront_card_t *) dev_id;
+
+	if (acard == NULL) 
+		return IRQ_NONE;
+
+	if (acard->wavefront.interrupts_are_midi) {
+		snd_wavefront_midi_interrupt (acard);
+	} else {
+		snd_wavefront_internal_interrupt (acard);
+	}
+	return IRQ_HANDLED;
+}
+
+static struct snd_hwdep *snd_wavefront_new_synth(struct snd_card *card,
+						 int hw_dev,
+						 snd_wavefront_card_t *acard)
+{
+	struct snd_hwdep *wavefront_synth;
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_detect (acard) < 0) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_start (&acard->wavefront) < 0) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (snd_hwdep_new(card, "WaveFront", hw_dev, &wavefront_synth) < 0)
+		return NULL;
+	strcpy (wavefront_synth->name, 
+		"WaveFront (ICS2115) wavetable synthesizer");
+	wavefront_synth->ops.open = snd_wavefront_synth_open;
+	wavefront_synth->ops.release = snd_wavefront_synth_release;
+	wavefront_synth->ops.ioctl = snd_wavefront_synth_ioctl;
+
+	return wavefront_synth;
+}
+
+static struct snd_hwdep *snd_wavefront_new_fx(struct snd_card *card,
+					      int hw_dev,
+					      snd_wavefront_card_t *acard,
+					      unsigned long port)
+
+{
+	struct snd_hwdep *fx_processor;
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_fx_start (&acard->wavefront)) {
+		snd_printk (KERN_ERR "cannot initialize YSS225 FX processor");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (snd_hwdep_new (card, "YSS225", hw_dev, &fx_processor) < 0)
+		return NULL;
+	sprintf (fx_processor->name, "YSS225 FX Processor at 0x%lx", port);
+	fx_processor->ops.open = snd_wavefront_fx_open;
+	fx_processor->ops.release = snd_wavefront_fx_release;
+	fx_processor->ops.ioctl = snd_wavefront_fx_ioctl;
+	
+	return fx_processor;
+}
+
+static snd_wavefront_mpu_id internal_id = internal_mpu;
+static snd_wavefront_mpu_id external_id = external_mpu;
+
+static struct snd_rawmidi *snd_wavefront_new_midi(struct snd_card *card,
+						  int midi_dev,
+						  snd_wavefront_card_t *acard,
+						  unsigned long port,
+						  snd_wavefront_mpu_id mpu)
+
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
+	static int first = 1;
+
+	if (first) {
+		first = 0;
+		acard->wavefront.midi.base = port;
+		if (snd_wavefront_midi_start (acard)) {
+			snd_printk (KERN_ERR "cannot initialize MIDI interface\n");
+			return NULL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (snd_rawmidi_new (card, "WaveFront MIDI", midi_dev, 1, 1, &rmidi) < 0)
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (mpu == internal_mpu) {
+		strcpy(rmidi->name, "WaveFront MIDI (Internal)");
+		rmidi->private_data = &internal_id;
+	} else {
+		strcpy(rmidi->name, "WaveFront MIDI (External)");
+		rmidi->private_data = &external_id;
+	}
+
+	snd_rawmidi_set_ops(rmidi, SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT, &snd_wavefront_midi_output);
+	snd_rawmidi_set_ops(rmidi, SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT, &snd_wavefront_midi_input);
+
+	rmidi->info_flags |= SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_OUTPUT |
+			     SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_INPUT |
+			     SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_DUPLEX;
+
+	return rmidi;
+}
+
+static int snd_wavefront_card_new(struct device *pdev, int dev,
+				  struct snd_card **cardp)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	snd_wavefront_card_t *acard;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_devm_card_new(pdev, index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(snd_wavefront_card_t), &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	acard = card->private_data;
+	acard->wavefront.irq = -1;
+	spin_lock_init(&acard->wavefront.irq_lock);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&acard->wavefront.interrupt_sleeper);
+	spin_lock_init(&acard->wavefront.midi.open);
+	spin_lock_init(&acard->wavefront.midi.virtual);
+	acard->wavefront.card = card;
+
+	*cardp = card;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+snd_wavefront_probe (struct snd_card *card, int dev)
+{
+	snd_wavefront_card_t *acard = card->private_data;
+	struct snd_wss *chip;
+	struct snd_hwdep *wavefront_synth;
+	struct snd_rawmidi *ics2115_internal_rmidi = NULL;
+	struct snd_rawmidi *ics2115_external_rmidi = NULL;
+	struct snd_hwdep *fx_processor;
+	int hw_dev = 0, midi_dev = 0, err;
+
+	/* --------- PCM --------------- */
+
+	err = snd_wss_create(card, cs4232_pcm_port[dev], -1,
+			     cs4232_pcm_irq[dev], dma1[dev], dma2[dev],
+			     WSS_HW_DETECT, 0, &chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "can't allocate WSS device\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_wss_pcm(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_wss_timer(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	/* ---------- OPL3 synth --------- */
+
+	if (fm_port[dev] > 0 && fm_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
+
+		err = snd_opl3_create(card, fm_port[dev], fm_port[dev] + 2,
+				      OPL3_HW_OPL3_CS, 0, &opl3);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			snd_printk (KERN_ERR "can't allocate or detect OPL3 synth\n");
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, hw_dev, 1, NULL);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		hw_dev++;
+	}
+
+	/* ------- ICS2115 Wavetable synth ------- */
+
+	acard->wavefront.res_base =
+		devm_request_region(card->dev, ics2115_port[dev], 16,
+				    "ICS2115");
+	if (acard->wavefront.res_base == NULL) {
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to grab ICS2115 i/o region 0x%lx-0x%lx\n",
+			   ics2115_port[dev], ics2115_port[dev] + 16 - 1);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	if (devm_request_irq(card->dev, ics2115_irq[dev],
+			     snd_wavefront_ics2115_interrupt,
+			     0, "ICS2115", acard)) {
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to use ICS2115 IRQ %d\n", ics2115_irq[dev]);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	
+	acard->wavefront.irq = ics2115_irq[dev];
+	card->sync_irq = acard->wavefront.irq;
+	acard->wavefront.base = ics2115_port[dev];
+
+	wavefront_synth = snd_wavefront_new_synth(card, hw_dev, acard);
+	if (wavefront_synth == NULL) {
+		snd_printk (KERN_ERR "can't create WaveFront synth device\n");
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	strcpy (wavefront_synth->name, "ICS2115 Wavetable MIDI Synthesizer");
+	wavefront_synth->iface = SNDRV_HWDEP_IFACE_ICS2115;
+	hw_dev++;
+
+	/* --------- Mixer ------------ */
+
+	err = snd_wss_mixer(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		snd_printk (KERN_ERR "can't allocate mixer device\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	/* -------- CS4232 MPU-401 interface -------- */
+
+	if (cs4232_mpu_port[dev] > 0 && cs4232_mpu_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, midi_dev, MPU401_HW_CS4232,
+					  cs4232_mpu_port[dev], 0,
+					  cs4232_mpu_irq[dev], NULL);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			snd_printk (KERN_ERR "can't allocate CS4232 MPU-401 device\n");
+			return err;
+		}
+		midi_dev++;
+	}
+
+	/* ------ ICS2115 internal MIDI ------------ */
+
+	if (ics2115_port[dev] > 0 && ics2115_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		ics2115_internal_rmidi = 
+			snd_wavefront_new_midi (card, 
+						midi_dev,
+						acard,
+						ics2115_port[dev],
+						internal_mpu);
+		if (ics2115_internal_rmidi == NULL) {
+			snd_printk (KERN_ERR "can't setup ICS2115 internal MIDI device\n");
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+		midi_dev++;
+	}
+
+	/* ------ ICS2115 external MIDI ------------ */
+
+	if (ics2115_port[dev] > 0 && ics2115_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		ics2115_external_rmidi = 
+			snd_wavefront_new_midi (card, 
+						midi_dev,
+						acard,
+						ics2115_port[dev],
+						external_mpu);
+		if (ics2115_external_rmidi == NULL) {
+			snd_printk (KERN_ERR "can't setup ICS2115 external MIDI device\n");
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+		midi_dev++;
+	}
+
+	/* FX processor for Tropez+ */
+
+	if (acard->wavefront.has_fx) {
+		fx_processor = snd_wavefront_new_fx (card,
+						     hw_dev,
+						     acard,
+						     ics2115_port[dev]);
+		if (fx_processor == NULL) {
+			snd_printk (KERN_ERR "can't setup FX device\n");
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+
+		hw_dev++;
+
+		strcpy(card->driver, "Tropez+");
+		strcpy(card->shortname, "Turtle Beach Tropez+");
+	} else {
+		/* Need a way to distinguish between Maui and Tropez */
+		strcpy(card->driver, "WaveFront");
+		strcpy(card->shortname, "Turtle Beach WaveFront");
+	}
+
+	/* ----- Register the card --------- */
+
+	/* Not safe to include "Turtle Beach" in longname, due to 
+	   length restrictions
+	*/
+
+	sprintf(card->longname, "%s PCM 0x%lx irq %d dma %d",
+		card->driver,
+		chip->port,
+		cs4232_pcm_irq[dev],
+		dma1[dev]);
+
+	if (dma2[dev] >= 0 && dma2[dev] < 8)
+		sprintf(card->longname + strlen(card->longname), "&%d", dma2[dev]);
+
+	if (cs4232_mpu_port[dev] > 0 && cs4232_mpu_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		sprintf (card->longname + strlen (card->longname), 
+			 " MPU-401 0x%lx irq %d",
+			 cs4232_mpu_port[dev],
+			 cs4232_mpu_irq[dev]);
+	}
+
+	sprintf (card->longname + strlen (card->longname), 
+		 " SYNTH 0x%lx irq %d",
+		 ics2115_port[dev],
+		 ics2115_irq[dev]);
+
+	return snd_card_register(card);
+}	
+
+static int snd_wavefront_isa_match(struct device *pdev,
+				   unsigned int dev)
+{
+	if (!enable[dev])
+		return 0;
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (isapnp[dev])
+		return 0;
+#endif
+	if (cs4232_pcm_port[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "specify CS4232 port\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (ics2115_port[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "specify ICS2115 port\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int snd_wavefront_isa_probe(struct device *pdev,
+				   unsigned int dev)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_wavefront_card_new(pdev, dev, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_wavefront_probe(card, dev);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	
+	dev_set_drvdata(pdev, card);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#define DEV_NAME "wavefront"
+
+static struct isa_driver snd_wavefront_driver = {
+	.match		= snd_wavefront_isa_match,
+	.probe		= snd_wavefront_isa_probe,
+	/* FIXME: suspend, resume */
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= DEV_NAME
+	},
+};
+
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static int snd_wavefront_pnp_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
+				    const struct pnp_card_device_id *pid)
+{
+	static int dev;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	int res;
+
+	for ( ; dev < SNDRV_CARDS; dev++) {
+		if (enable[dev] && isapnp[dev])
+			break;
+	}
+	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	res = snd_wavefront_card_new(&pcard->card->dev, dev, &card);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return res;
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_pnp (dev, card->private_data, pcard, pid) < 0) {
+		if (cs4232_pcm_port[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+			snd_printk (KERN_ERR "isapnp detection failed\n");
+			return -ENODEV;
+		}
+	}
+
+	res = snd_wavefront_probe(card, dev);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return res;
+
+	pnp_set_card_drvdata(pcard, card);
+	dev++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct pnp_card_driver wavefront_pnpc_driver = {
+	.flags		= PNP_DRIVER_RES_DISABLE,
+	.name		= "wavefront",
+	.id_table	= snd_wavefront_pnpids,
+	.probe		= snd_wavefront_pnp_detect,
+	/* FIXME: suspend,resume */
+};
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_PNP */
+
+static int __init alsa_card_wavefront_init(void)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = isa_register_driver(&snd_wavefront_driver, SNDRV_CARDS);
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (!err)
+		isa_registered = 1;
+
+	err = pnp_register_card_driver(&wavefront_pnpc_driver);
+	if (!err)
+		pnp_registered = 1;
+
+	if (isa_registered)
+		err = 0;
+#endif
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void __exit alsa_card_wavefront_exit(void)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (pnp_registered)
+		pnp_unregister_card_driver(&wavefront_pnpc_driver);
+	if (isa_registered)
+#endif
+		isa_unregister_driver(&snd_wavefront_driver);
+}
+
+module_init(alsa_card_wavefront_init)
+module_exit(alsa_card_wavefront_exit)
diff --git a/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_fx.c b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_fx.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3c21324b2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_fx.c
@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) 1998-2002 by Paul Davis <pbd@op.net>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/wait.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/firmware.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/snd_wavefront.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+/* Control bits for the Load Control Register
+ */
+
+#define FX_LSB_TRANSFER 0x01    /* transfer after DSP LSB byte written */
+#define FX_MSB_TRANSFER 0x02    /* transfer after DSP MSB byte written */
+#define FX_AUTO_INCR    0x04    /* auto-increment DSP address after transfer */
+
+#define WAIT_IDLE	0xff
+
+static int
+wavefront_fx_idle (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
+
+{
+	int i;
+	unsigned int x = 0x80;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+		x = inb (dev->fx_status);
+		if ((x & 0x80) == 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (x & 0x80) {
+		snd_printk ("FX device never idle.\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return (1);
+}
+
+static void
+wavefront_fx_mute (snd_wavefront_t *dev, int onoff)
+
+{
+	if (!wavefront_fx_idle(dev)) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	outb (onoff ? 0x02 : 0x00, dev->fx_op);
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_fx_memset (snd_wavefront_t *dev,
+		     int page,
+		     int addr,
+		     int cnt,
+		     unsigned short *data)
+{
+	if (page < 0 || page > 7) {
+		snd_printk ("FX memset: "
+			"page must be >= 0 and <= 7\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (addr < 0 || addr > 0x7f) {
+		snd_printk ("FX memset: "
+			"addr must be >= 0 and <= 7f\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (cnt == 1) {
+
+		outb (FX_LSB_TRANSFER, dev->fx_lcr);
+		outb (page, dev->fx_dsp_page);
+		outb (addr, dev->fx_dsp_addr);
+		outb ((data[0] >> 8), dev->fx_dsp_msb);
+		outb ((data[0] & 0xff), dev->fx_dsp_lsb);
+
+		snd_printk ("FX: addr %d:%x set to 0x%x\n",
+			page, addr, data[0]);
+
+	} else {
+		int i;
+
+		outb (FX_AUTO_INCR|FX_LSB_TRANSFER, dev->fx_lcr);
+		outb (page, dev->fx_dsp_page);
+		outb (addr, dev->fx_dsp_addr);
+
+		for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
+			outb ((data[i] >> 8), dev->fx_dsp_msb);
+			outb ((data[i] & 0xff), dev->fx_dsp_lsb);
+			if (!wavefront_fx_idle (dev)) {
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (i != cnt) {
+			snd_printk ("FX memset "
+				    "(0x%x, 0x%x, 0x%lx, %d) incomplete\n",
+				    page, addr, (unsigned long) data, cnt);
+			return -EIO;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+snd_wavefront_fx_detect (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
+
+{
+	/* This is a crude check, but its the best one I have for now.
+	   Certainly on the Maui and the Tropez, wavefront_fx_idle() will
+	   report "never idle", which suggests that this test should
+	   work OK.
+	*/
+
+	if (inb (dev->fx_status) & 0x80) {
+		snd_printk ("Hmm, probably a Maui or Tropez.\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+snd_wavefront_fx_open (struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file)
+
+{
+	if (!try_module_get(hw->card->module))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	file->private_data = hw;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int 
+snd_wavefront_fx_release (struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file)
+
+{
+	module_put(hw->card->module);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+snd_wavefront_fx_ioctl (struct snd_hwdep *sdev, struct file *file,
+			unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
+
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	snd_wavefront_card_t *acard;
+	snd_wavefront_t *dev;
+	wavefront_fx_info r;
+	unsigned short *page_data = NULL;
+	unsigned short *pd;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	card = sdev->card;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!card))
+		return -ENODEV;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!card->private_data))
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	acard = card->private_data;
+	dev = &acard->wavefront;
+
+	if (copy_from_user (&r, (void __user *)arg, sizeof (wavefront_fx_info)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+
+	switch (r.request) {
+	case WFFX_MUTE:
+		wavefront_fx_mute (dev, r.data[0]);
+		return -EIO;
+
+	case WFFX_MEMSET:
+		if (r.data[2] <= 0) {
+			snd_printk ("cannot write "
+				"<= 0 bytes to FX\n");
+			return -EIO;
+		} else if (r.data[2] == 1) {
+			pd = (unsigned short *) &r.data[3];
+		} else {
+			if (r.data[2] > 256) {
+				snd_printk ("cannot write "
+					    "> 512 bytes to FX\n");
+				return -EIO;
+			}
+			page_data = memdup_user((unsigned char __user *)
+						r.data[3],
+						r.data[2] * sizeof(short));
+			if (IS_ERR(page_data))
+				return PTR_ERR(page_data);
+			pd = page_data;
+		}
+
+		err = wavefront_fx_memset (dev,
+			     r.data[0], /* page */
+			     r.data[1], /* addr */
+			     r.data[2], /* cnt */
+			     pd);
+		kfree(page_data);
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		snd_printk ("FX: ioctl %d not yet supported\n",
+			    r.request);
+		return -ENOTTY;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+/* YSS225 initialization.
+
+   This code was developed using DOSEMU. The Turtle Beach SETUPSND
+   utility was run with I/O tracing in DOSEMU enabled, and a reconstruction
+   of the port I/O done, using the Yamaha faxback document as a guide
+   to add more logic to the code. Its really pretty weird.
+
+   This is the approach of just dumping the whole I/O
+   sequence as a series of port/value pairs and a simple loop
+   that outputs it.
+*/
+
+int
+snd_wavefront_fx_start (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
+{
+	unsigned int i;
+	int err;
+	const struct firmware *firmware = NULL;
+
+	if (dev->fx_initialized)
+		return 0;
+
+	err = request_firmware(&firmware, "yamaha/yss225_registers.bin",
+			       dev->card->dev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = -1;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i + 1 < firmware->size; i += 2) {
+		if (firmware->data[i] >= 8 && firmware->data[i] < 16) {
+			outb(firmware->data[i + 1],
+			     dev->base + firmware->data[i]);
+		} else if (firmware->data[i] == WAIT_IDLE) {
+			if (!wavefront_fx_idle(dev)) {
+				err = -1;
+				goto out;
+			}
+		} else {
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "invalid address"
+				   " in register data\n");
+			err = -1;
+			goto out;
+		}
+	}
+
+	dev->fx_initialized = 1;
+	err = 0;
+
+out:
+	release_firmware(firmware);
+	return err;
+}
+
+MODULE_FIRMWARE("yamaha/yss225_registers.bin");
diff --git a/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_midi.c b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_midi.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..72e775ac7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_midi.c
@@ -0,0 +1,576 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) by Paul Barton-Davis 1998-1999
+ */
+
+/* The low level driver for the WaveFront ICS2115 MIDI interface(s)
+ *
+ * Note that there is also an MPU-401 emulation (actually, a UART-401
+ * emulation) on the CS4232 on the Tropez and Tropez Plus. This code
+ * has nothing to do with that interface at all.
+ *
+ * The interface is essentially just a UART-401, but is has the
+ * interesting property of supporting what Turtle Beach called
+ * "Virtual MIDI" mode. In this mode, there are effectively *two*
+ * MIDI buses accessible via the interface, one that is routed
+ * solely to/from the external WaveFront synthesizer and the other
+ * corresponding to the pin/socket connector used to link external
+ * MIDI devices to the board.
+ *
+ * This driver fully supports this mode, allowing two distinct MIDI
+ * busses to be used completely independently, giving 32 channels of
+ * MIDI routing, 16 to the WaveFront synth and 16 to the external MIDI
+ * bus. The devices are named /dev/snd/midiCnD0 and /dev/snd/midiCnD1,
+ * where `n' is the card number. Note that the device numbers may be
+ * something other than 0 and 1 if the CS4232 UART/MPU-401 interface
+ * is enabled.
+ *
+ * Switching between the two is accomplished externally by the driver
+ * using the two otherwise unused MIDI bytes. See the code for more details.
+ *
+ * NOTE: VIRTUAL MIDI MODE IS ON BY DEFAULT (see lowlevel/isa/wavefront.c)
+ *
+ * The main reason to turn off Virtual MIDI mode is when you want to
+ * tightly couple the WaveFront synth with an external MIDI
+ * device. You won't be able to distinguish the source of any MIDI
+ * data except via SysEx ID, but thats probably OK, since for the most
+ * part, the WaveFront won't be sending any MIDI data at all.
+ *  
+ * The main reason to turn on Virtual MIDI Mode is to provide two
+ * completely independent 16-channel MIDI buses, one to the
+ * WaveFront and one to any external MIDI devices. Given the 32
+ * voice nature of the WaveFront, its pretty easy to find a use
+ * for all 16 channels driving just that synth.
+ *  
+ */
+
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/wait.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/snd_wavefront.h>
+
+static inline int 
+wf_mpu_status (snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi)
+
+{
+	return inb (midi->mpu_status_port);
+}
+
+static inline int 
+input_avail (snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi)
+
+{
+	return !(wf_mpu_status(midi) & INPUT_AVAIL);
+}
+
+static inline int
+output_ready (snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi)
+
+{
+	return !(wf_mpu_status(midi) & OUTPUT_READY);
+}
+
+static inline int 
+read_data (snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi)
+
+{
+	return inb (midi->mpu_data_port);
+}
+
+static inline void 
+write_data (snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi, unsigned char byte)
+
+{
+	outb (byte, midi->mpu_data_port);
+}
+
+static snd_wavefront_midi_t *
+get_wavefront_midi (struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	snd_wavefront_card_t *acard;
+
+	if (substream == NULL || substream->rmidi == NULL) 
+	        return NULL;
+
+	card = substream->rmidi->card;
+
+	if (card == NULL) 
+	        return NULL;
+
+	if (card->private_data == NULL) 
+ 	        return NULL;
+
+	acard = card->private_data;
+
+	return &acard->wavefront.midi;
+}
+
+static void snd_wavefront_midi_output_write(snd_wavefront_card_t *card)
+{
+	snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi = &card->wavefront.midi;
+	snd_wavefront_mpu_id  mpu;
+	unsigned long flags;
+	unsigned char midi_byte;
+	int max = 256, mask = 1;
+	int timeout;
+
+	/* Its not OK to try to change the status of "virtuality" of
+	   the MIDI interface while we're outputting stuff.  See
+	   snd_wavefront_midi_{enable,disable}_virtual () for the
+	   other half of this.  
+
+	   The first loop attempts to flush any data from the
+	   current output device, and then the second 
+	   emits the switch byte (if necessary), and starts
+	   outputting data for the output device currently in use.
+	*/
+
+	if (midi->substream_output[midi->output_mpu] == NULL) {
+		goto __second;
+	}
+
+	while (max > 0) {
+
+		/* XXX fix me - no hard timing loops allowed! */
+
+		for (timeout = 30000; timeout > 0; timeout--) {
+			if (output_ready (midi))
+				break;
+		}
+	
+		spin_lock_irqsave (&midi->virtual, flags);
+		if ((midi->mode[midi->output_mpu] & MPU401_MODE_OUTPUT) == 0) {
+			spin_unlock_irqrestore (&midi->virtual, flags);
+			goto __second;
+		}
+		if (output_ready (midi)) {
+			if (snd_rawmidi_transmit(midi->substream_output[midi->output_mpu], &midi_byte, 1) == 1) {
+				if (!midi->isvirtual ||
+					(midi_byte != WF_INTERNAL_SWITCH &&
+					 midi_byte != WF_EXTERNAL_SWITCH))
+					write_data(midi, midi_byte);
+				max--;
+			} else {
+				if (midi->istimer) {
+					if (--midi->istimer <= 0)
+						del_timer(&midi->timer);
+				}
+				midi->mode[midi->output_mpu] &= ~MPU401_MODE_OUTPUT_TRIGGER;
+				spin_unlock_irqrestore (&midi->virtual, flags);
+				goto __second;
+			}
+		} else {
+			spin_unlock_irqrestore (&midi->virtual, flags);
+			return;
+		}
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore (&midi->virtual, flags);
+	}
+
+      __second:
+
+	if (midi->substream_output[!midi->output_mpu] == NULL) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	while (max > 0) {
+
+		/* XXX fix me - no hard timing loops allowed! */
+
+		for (timeout = 30000; timeout > 0; timeout--) {
+			if (output_ready (midi))
+				break;
+		}
+	
+		spin_lock_irqsave (&midi->virtual, flags);
+		if (!midi->isvirtual)
+			mask = 0;
+		mpu = midi->output_mpu ^ mask;
+		mask = 0;	/* don't invert the value from now */
+		if ((midi->mode[mpu] & MPU401_MODE_OUTPUT) == 0) {
+			spin_unlock_irqrestore (&midi->virtual, flags);
+			return;
+		}
+		if (snd_rawmidi_transmit_empty(midi->substream_output[mpu]))
+			goto __timer;
+		if (output_ready (midi)) {
+			if (mpu != midi->output_mpu) {
+				write_data(midi, mpu == internal_mpu ?
+							WF_INTERNAL_SWITCH :
+							WF_EXTERNAL_SWITCH);
+				midi->output_mpu = mpu;
+			} else if (snd_rawmidi_transmit(midi->substream_output[mpu], &midi_byte, 1) == 1) {
+				if (!midi->isvirtual ||
+					(midi_byte != WF_INTERNAL_SWITCH &&
+					 midi_byte != WF_EXTERNAL_SWITCH))
+					write_data(midi, midi_byte);
+				max--;
+			} else {
+			      __timer:
+				if (midi->istimer) {
+					if (--midi->istimer <= 0)
+						del_timer(&midi->timer);
+				}
+				midi->mode[mpu] &= ~MPU401_MODE_OUTPUT_TRIGGER;
+				spin_unlock_irqrestore (&midi->virtual, flags);
+				return;
+			}
+		} else {
+			spin_unlock_irqrestore (&midi->virtual, flags);
+			return;
+		}
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore (&midi->virtual, flags);
+	}
+}
+
+static int snd_wavefront_midi_input_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi;
+	snd_wavefront_mpu_id mpu;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!substream || !substream->rmidi))
+		return -ENXIO;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!substream->rmidi->private_data))
+		return -ENXIO;
+
+	mpu = *((snd_wavefront_mpu_id *) substream->rmidi->private_data);
+
+	midi = get_wavefront_midi(substream);
+	if (!midi)
+	        return -EIO;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave (&midi->open, flags);
+	midi->mode[mpu] |= MPU401_MODE_INPUT;
+	midi->substream_input[mpu] = substream;
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore (&midi->open, flags);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_wavefront_midi_output_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi;
+	snd_wavefront_mpu_id mpu;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!substream || !substream->rmidi))
+		return -ENXIO;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!substream->rmidi->private_data))
+		return -ENXIO;
+
+	mpu = *((snd_wavefront_mpu_id *) substream->rmidi->private_data);
+
+	midi = get_wavefront_midi(substream);
+	if (!midi)
+	        return -EIO;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave (&midi->open, flags);
+	midi->mode[mpu] |= MPU401_MODE_OUTPUT;
+	midi->substream_output[mpu] = substream;
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore (&midi->open, flags);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_wavefront_midi_input_close(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi;
+	snd_wavefront_mpu_id mpu;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!substream || !substream->rmidi))
+		return -ENXIO;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!substream->rmidi->private_data))
+		return -ENXIO;
+
+	mpu = *((snd_wavefront_mpu_id *) substream->rmidi->private_data);
+
+	midi = get_wavefront_midi(substream);
+	if (!midi)
+	        return -EIO;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave (&midi->open, flags);
+	midi->mode[mpu] &= ~MPU401_MODE_INPUT;
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore (&midi->open, flags);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_wavefront_midi_output_close(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi;
+	snd_wavefront_mpu_id mpu;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!substream || !substream->rmidi))
+		return -ENXIO;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!substream->rmidi->private_data))
+		return -ENXIO;
+
+	mpu = *((snd_wavefront_mpu_id *) substream->rmidi->private_data);
+
+	midi = get_wavefront_midi(substream);
+	if (!midi)
+	        return -EIO;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave (&midi->open, flags);
+	midi->mode[mpu] &= ~MPU401_MODE_OUTPUT;
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore (&midi->open, flags);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_wavefront_midi_input_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, int up)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi;
+	snd_wavefront_mpu_id mpu;
+
+	if (substream == NULL || substream->rmidi == NULL) 
+	        return;
+
+	if (substream->rmidi->private_data == NULL)
+	        return;
+
+	mpu = *((snd_wavefront_mpu_id *) substream->rmidi->private_data);
+
+	midi = get_wavefront_midi(substream);
+	if (!midi)
+		return;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave (&midi->virtual, flags);
+	if (up) {
+		midi->mode[mpu] |= MPU401_MODE_INPUT_TRIGGER;
+	} else {
+		midi->mode[mpu] &= ~MPU401_MODE_INPUT_TRIGGER;
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore (&midi->virtual, flags);
+}
+
+static void snd_wavefront_midi_output_timer(struct timer_list *t)
+{
+	snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi = from_timer(midi, t, timer);
+	snd_wavefront_card_t *card = midi->timer_card;
+	unsigned long flags;
+	
+	spin_lock_irqsave (&midi->virtual, flags);
+	mod_timer(&midi->timer, 1 + jiffies);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore (&midi->virtual, flags);
+	snd_wavefront_midi_output_write(card);
+}
+
+static void snd_wavefront_midi_output_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, int up)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi;
+	snd_wavefront_mpu_id mpu;
+
+	if (substream == NULL || substream->rmidi == NULL) 
+	        return;
+
+	if (substream->rmidi->private_data == NULL)
+	        return;
+
+	mpu = *((snd_wavefront_mpu_id *) substream->rmidi->private_data);
+
+	midi = get_wavefront_midi(substream);
+	if (!midi)
+		return;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave (&midi->virtual, flags);
+	if (up) {
+		if ((midi->mode[mpu] & MPU401_MODE_OUTPUT_TRIGGER) == 0) {
+			if (!midi->istimer) {
+				timer_setup(&midi->timer,
+					    snd_wavefront_midi_output_timer,
+					    0);
+				mod_timer(&midi->timer, 1 + jiffies);
+			}
+			midi->istimer++;
+			midi->mode[mpu] |= MPU401_MODE_OUTPUT_TRIGGER;
+		}
+	} else {
+		midi->mode[mpu] &= ~MPU401_MODE_OUTPUT_TRIGGER;
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore (&midi->virtual, flags);
+
+	if (up)
+		snd_wavefront_midi_output_write((snd_wavefront_card_t *)substream->rmidi->card->private_data);
+}
+
+void
+snd_wavefront_midi_interrupt (snd_wavefront_card_t *card)
+
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi;
+	static struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream = NULL;
+	static int mpu = external_mpu; 
+	int max = 128;
+	unsigned char byte;
+
+	midi = &card->wavefront.midi;
+
+	if (!input_avail (midi)) { /* not for us */
+		snd_wavefront_midi_output_write(card);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave (&midi->virtual, flags);
+	while (--max) {
+
+		if (input_avail (midi)) {
+			byte = read_data (midi);
+
+			if (midi->isvirtual) {				
+				if (byte == WF_EXTERNAL_SWITCH) {
+					substream = midi->substream_input[external_mpu];
+					mpu = external_mpu;
+				} else if (byte == WF_INTERNAL_SWITCH) { 
+					substream = midi->substream_output[internal_mpu];
+					mpu = internal_mpu;
+				} /* else just leave it as it is */
+			} else {
+				substream = midi->substream_input[internal_mpu];
+				mpu = internal_mpu;
+			}
+
+			if (substream == NULL) {
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			if (midi->mode[mpu] & MPU401_MODE_INPUT_TRIGGER) {
+				snd_rawmidi_receive(substream, &byte, 1);
+			}
+		} else {
+			break;
+		}
+	} 
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore (&midi->virtual, flags);
+
+	snd_wavefront_midi_output_write(card);
+}
+
+void
+snd_wavefront_midi_enable_virtual (snd_wavefront_card_t *card)
+
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave (&card->wavefront.midi.virtual, flags);
+	card->wavefront.midi.isvirtual = 1;
+	card->wavefront.midi.output_mpu = internal_mpu;
+	card->wavefront.midi.input_mpu = internal_mpu;
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore (&card->wavefront.midi.virtual, flags);
+}
+
+void
+snd_wavefront_midi_disable_virtual (snd_wavefront_card_t *card)
+
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave (&card->wavefront.midi.virtual, flags);
+	// snd_wavefront_midi_input_close (card->ics2115_external_rmidi);
+	// snd_wavefront_midi_output_close (card->ics2115_external_rmidi);
+	card->wavefront.midi.isvirtual = 0;
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore (&card->wavefront.midi.virtual, flags);
+}
+
+int
+snd_wavefront_midi_start (snd_wavefront_card_t *card)
+
+{
+	int ok, i;
+	unsigned char rbuf[4], wbuf[4];
+	snd_wavefront_t *dev;
+	snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi;
+
+	dev = &card->wavefront;
+	midi = &dev->midi;
+
+	/* The ICS2115 MPU-401 interface doesn't do anything
+	   until its set into UART mode.
+	*/
+
+	/* XXX fix me - no hard timing loops allowed! */
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 30000 && !output_ready (midi); i++);
+
+	if (!output_ready (midi)) {
+		snd_printk ("MIDI interface not ready for command\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/* Any interrupts received from now on
+	   are owned by the MIDI side of things.
+	*/
+
+	dev->interrupts_are_midi = 1;
+	
+	outb (UART_MODE_ON, midi->mpu_command_port);
+
+	for (ok = 0, i = 50000; i > 0 && !ok; i--) {
+		if (input_avail (midi)) {
+			if (read_data (midi) == MPU_ACK) {
+				ok = 1;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!ok) {
+		snd_printk ("cannot set UART mode for MIDI interface");
+		dev->interrupts_are_midi = 0;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/* Route external MIDI to WaveFront synth (by default) */
+    
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_MISYNTH_ON, rbuf, wbuf)) {
+		snd_printk ("can't enable MIDI-IN-2-synth routing.\n");
+		/* XXX error ? */
+	}
+
+	/* Turn on Virtual MIDI, but first *always* turn it off,
+	   since otherwise consecutive reloads of the driver will
+	   never cause the hardware to generate the initial "internal" or 
+	   "external" source bytes in the MIDI data stream. This
+	   is pretty important, since the internal hardware generally will
+	   be used to generate none or very little MIDI output, and
+	   thus the only source of MIDI data is actually external. Without
+	   the switch bytes, the driver will think it all comes from
+	   the internal interface. Duh.
+	*/
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_VMIDI_OFF, rbuf, wbuf)) { 
+		snd_printk ("virtual MIDI mode not disabled\n");
+		return 0; /* We're OK, but missing the external MIDI dev */
+	}
+
+	snd_wavefront_midi_enable_virtual (card);
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_VMIDI_ON, rbuf, wbuf)) {
+		snd_printk ("cannot enable virtual MIDI mode.\n");
+		snd_wavefront_midi_disable_virtual (card);
+	} 
+	return 0;
+}
+
+const struct snd_rawmidi_ops snd_wavefront_midi_output =
+{
+	.open =		snd_wavefront_midi_output_open,
+	.close =	snd_wavefront_midi_output_close,
+	.trigger =	snd_wavefront_midi_output_trigger,
+};
+
+const struct snd_rawmidi_ops snd_wavefront_midi_input =
+{
+	.open =		snd_wavefront_midi_input_open,
+	.close =	snd_wavefront_midi_input_close,
+	.trigger =	snd_wavefront_midi_input_trigger,
+};
+
diff --git a/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_synth.c b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_synth.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..13ce96148f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_synth.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2222 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/* Copyright (C) by Paul Barton-Davis 1998-1999
+ *
+ * Some portions of this file are taken from work that is
+ * copyright (C) by Hannu Savolainen 1993-1996
+ */
+
+/*  
+ * An ALSA lowlevel driver for Turtle Beach ICS2115 wavetable synth
+ *                                             (Maui, Tropez, Tropez Plus)
+ *
+ * This driver supports the onboard wavetable synthesizer (an ICS2115),
+ * including patch, sample and program loading and unloading, conversion
+ * of GUS patches during loading, and full user-level access to all
+ * WaveFront commands. It tries to provide semi-intelligent patch and
+ * sample management as well.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/wait.h>
+#include <linux/sched/signal.h>
+#include <linux/firmware.h>
+#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/snd_wavefront.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+static int wf_raw = 0; /* we normally check for "raw state" to firmware
+			  loading. if non-zero, then during driver loading, the
+			  state of the board is ignored, and we reset the
+			  board and load the firmware anyway.
+		       */
+		   
+static int fx_raw = 1; /* if this is zero, we'll leave the FX processor in
+			  whatever state it is when the driver is loaded.
+			  The default is to download the microprogram and
+			  associated coefficients to set it up for "default"
+			  operation, whatever that means.
+		       */
+
+static int debug_default = 0;  /* you can set this to control debugging
+				  during driver loading. it takes any combination
+				  of the WF_DEBUG_* flags defined in
+				  wavefront.h
+			       */
+
+/* XXX this needs to be made firmware and hardware version dependent */
+
+#define DEFAULT_OSPATH	"wavefront.os"
+static char *ospath = DEFAULT_OSPATH; /* the firmware file name */
+
+static int wait_usecs = 150; /* This magic number seems to give pretty optimal
+				throughput based on my limited experimentation.
+				If you want to play around with it and find a better
+				value, be my guest. Remember, the idea is to
+				get a number that causes us to just busy wait
+				for as many WaveFront commands as possible, without
+				coming up with a number so large that we hog the
+				whole CPU.
+
+				Specifically, with this number, out of about 134,000
+				status waits, only about 250 result in a sleep.
+			    */
+
+static int sleep_interval = 100;   /* HZ/sleep_interval seconds per sleep */
+static int sleep_tries = 50;       /* number of times we'll try to sleep */
+
+static int reset_time = 2;        /* hundreths of a second we wait after a HW
+				     reset for the expected interrupt.
+				  */
+
+static int ramcheck_time = 20;    /* time in seconds to wait while ROM code
+				     checks on-board RAM.
+				  */
+
+static int osrun_time = 10;       /* time in seconds we wait for the OS to
+				     start running.
+				  */
+module_param(wf_raw, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(wf_raw, "if non-zero, assume that we need to boot the OS");
+module_param(fx_raw, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(fx_raw, "if non-zero, assume that the FX process needs help");
+module_param(debug_default, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(debug_default, "debug parameters for card initialization");
+module_param(wait_usecs, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(wait_usecs, "how long to wait without sleeping, usecs");
+module_param(sleep_interval, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(sleep_interval, "how long to sleep when waiting for reply");
+module_param(sleep_tries, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(sleep_tries, "how many times to try sleeping during a wait");
+module_param(ospath, charp, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(ospath, "pathname to processed ICS2115 OS firmware");
+module_param(reset_time, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(reset_time, "how long to wait for a reset to take effect");
+module_param(ramcheck_time, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(ramcheck_time, "how many seconds to wait for the RAM test");
+module_param(osrun_time, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(osrun_time, "how many seconds to wait for the ICS2115 OS");
+
+/* if WF_DEBUG not defined, no run-time debugging messages will
+   be available via the debug flag setting. Given the current
+   beta state of the driver, this will remain set until a future 
+   version.
+*/
+
+#define WF_DEBUG 1
+
+#ifdef WF_DEBUG
+
+#define DPRINT(cond, ...) \
+       if ((dev->debug & (cond)) == (cond)) { \
+	     snd_printk (__VA_ARGS__); \
+       }
+#else
+#define DPRINT(cond, args...)
+#endif /* WF_DEBUG */
+
+#define LOGNAME "WaveFront: "
+
+/* bitmasks for WaveFront status port value */
+
+#define STAT_RINTR_ENABLED	0x01
+#define STAT_CAN_READ		0x02
+#define STAT_INTR_READ		0x04
+#define STAT_WINTR_ENABLED	0x10
+#define STAT_CAN_WRITE		0x20
+#define STAT_INTR_WRITE		0x40
+
+static int wavefront_delete_sample (snd_wavefront_t *, int sampnum);
+static int wavefront_find_free_sample (snd_wavefront_t *);
+
+struct wavefront_command {
+	int cmd;
+	char *action;
+	unsigned int read_cnt;
+	unsigned int write_cnt;
+	int need_ack;
+};
+
+static struct {
+	int errno;
+	const char *errstr;
+} wavefront_errors[] = {
+	{ 0x01, "Bad sample number" },
+	{ 0x02, "Out of sample memory" },
+	{ 0x03, "Bad patch number" },
+	{ 0x04, "Error in number of voices" },
+	{ 0x06, "Sample load already in progress" },
+	{ 0x0B, "No sample load request pending" },
+	{ 0x0E, "Bad MIDI channel number" },
+	{ 0x10, "Download Record Error" },
+	{ 0x80, "Success" },
+	{ 0x0 }
+};
+
+#define NEEDS_ACK 1
+
+static struct wavefront_command wavefront_commands[] = {
+	{ WFC_SET_SYNTHVOL, "set synthesizer volume", 0, 1, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_GET_SYNTHVOL, "get synthesizer volume", 1, 0, 0},
+	{ WFC_SET_NVOICES, "set number of voices", 0, 1, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_GET_NVOICES, "get number of voices", 1, 0, 0 },
+	{ WFC_SET_TUNING, "set synthesizer tuning", 0, 2, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_GET_TUNING, "get synthesizer tuning", 2, 0, 0 },
+	{ WFC_DISABLE_CHANNEL, "disable synth channel", 0, 1, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_ENABLE_CHANNEL, "enable synth channel", 0, 1, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_GET_CHANNEL_STATUS, "get synth channel status", 3, 0, 0 },
+	{ WFC_MISYNTH_OFF, "disable midi-in to synth", 0, 0, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_MISYNTH_ON, "enable midi-in to synth", 0, 0, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_VMIDI_ON, "enable virtual midi mode", 0, 0, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_VMIDI_OFF, "disable virtual midi mode", 0, 0, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_MIDI_STATUS, "report midi status", 1, 0, 0 },
+	{ WFC_FIRMWARE_VERSION, "report firmware version", 2, 0, 0 },
+	{ WFC_HARDWARE_VERSION, "report hardware version", 2, 0, 0 },
+	{ WFC_GET_NSAMPLES, "report number of samples", 2, 0, 0 },
+	{ WFC_INSTOUT_LEVELS, "report instantaneous output levels", 7, 0, 0 },
+	{ WFC_PEAKOUT_LEVELS, "report peak output levels", 7, 0, 0 },
+	{ WFC_DOWNLOAD_SAMPLE, "download sample",
+	  0, WF_SAMPLE_BYTES, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_DOWNLOAD_BLOCK, "download block", 0, 0, NEEDS_ACK},
+	{ WFC_DOWNLOAD_SAMPLE_HEADER, "download sample header",
+	  0, WF_SAMPLE_HDR_BYTES, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_UPLOAD_SAMPLE_HEADER, "upload sample header", 13, 2, 0 },
+
+	/* This command requires a variable number of bytes to be written.
+	   There is a hack in snd_wavefront_cmd() to support this. The actual
+	   count is passed in as the read buffer ptr, cast appropriately.
+	   Ugh.
+	*/
+
+	{ WFC_DOWNLOAD_MULTISAMPLE, "download multisample", 0, 0, NEEDS_ACK },
+
+	/* This one is a hack as well. We just read the first byte of the
+	   response, don't fetch an ACK, and leave the rest to the 
+	   calling function. Ugly, ugly, ugly.
+	*/
+
+	{ WFC_UPLOAD_MULTISAMPLE, "upload multisample", 2, 1, 0 },
+	{ WFC_DOWNLOAD_SAMPLE_ALIAS, "download sample alias",
+	  0, WF_ALIAS_BYTES, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_UPLOAD_SAMPLE_ALIAS, "upload sample alias", WF_ALIAS_BYTES, 2, 0},
+	{ WFC_DELETE_SAMPLE, "delete sample", 0, 2, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_IDENTIFY_SAMPLE_TYPE, "identify sample type", 5, 2, 0 },
+	{ WFC_UPLOAD_SAMPLE_PARAMS, "upload sample parameters" },
+	{ WFC_REPORT_FREE_MEMORY, "report free memory", 4, 0, 0 },
+	{ WFC_DOWNLOAD_PATCH, "download patch", 0, 134, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_UPLOAD_PATCH, "upload patch", 132, 2, 0 },
+	{ WFC_DOWNLOAD_PROGRAM, "download program", 0, 33, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_UPLOAD_PROGRAM, "upload program", 32, 1, 0 },
+	{ WFC_DOWNLOAD_EDRUM_PROGRAM, "download enhanced drum program", 0, 9,
+	  NEEDS_ACK},
+	{ WFC_UPLOAD_EDRUM_PROGRAM, "upload enhanced drum program", 8, 1, 0},
+	{ WFC_SET_EDRUM_CHANNEL, "set enhanced drum program channel",
+	  0, 1, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_DISABLE_DRUM_PROGRAM, "disable drum program", 0, 1, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_REPORT_CHANNEL_PROGRAMS, "report channel program numbers",
+	  32, 0, 0 },
+	{ WFC_NOOP, "the no-op command", 0, 0, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ 0x00 }
+};
+
+static const char *
+wavefront_errorstr (int errnum)
+
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; wavefront_errors[i].errstr; i++) {
+		if (wavefront_errors[i].errno == errnum) {
+			return wavefront_errors[i].errstr;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return "Unknown WaveFront error";
+}
+
+static struct wavefront_command *
+wavefront_get_command (int cmd) 
+
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; wavefront_commands[i].cmd != 0; i++) {
+		if (cmd == wavefront_commands[i].cmd) {
+			return &wavefront_commands[i];
+		}
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static inline int
+wavefront_status (snd_wavefront_t *dev) 
+
+{
+	return inb (dev->status_port);
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_sleep (int limit)
+
+{
+	schedule_timeout_interruptible(limit);
+
+	return signal_pending(current);
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_wait (snd_wavefront_t *dev, int mask)
+
+{
+	int             i;
+
+	/* Spin for a short period of time, because >99% of all
+	   requests to the WaveFront can be serviced inline like this.
+	*/
+
+	for (i = 0; i < wait_usecs; i += 5) {
+		if (wavefront_status (dev) & mask) {
+			return 1;
+		}
+		udelay(5);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < sleep_tries; i++) {
+
+		if (wavefront_status (dev) & mask) {
+			return 1;
+		}
+
+		if (wavefront_sleep (HZ/sleep_interval)) {
+			return (0);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_read (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
+
+{
+	if (wavefront_wait (dev, STAT_CAN_READ))
+		return inb (dev->data_port);
+
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_DATA, "read timeout.\n");
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_write (snd_wavefront_t *dev, unsigned char data)
+
+{
+	if (wavefront_wait (dev, STAT_CAN_WRITE)) {
+		outb (data, dev->data_port);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_DATA, "write timeout.\n");
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+int
+snd_wavefront_cmd (snd_wavefront_t *dev, 
+		   int cmd, unsigned char *rbuf, unsigned char *wbuf)
+
+{
+	int ack;
+	unsigned int i;
+	int c;
+	struct wavefront_command *wfcmd;
+
+	wfcmd = wavefront_get_command(cmd);
+	if (!wfcmd) {
+		snd_printk ("command 0x%x not supported.\n",
+			cmd);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	/* Hack to handle the one variable-size write command. See
+	   wavefront_send_multisample() for the other half of this
+	   gross and ugly strategy.
+	*/
+
+	if (cmd == WFC_DOWNLOAD_MULTISAMPLE) {
+		wfcmd->write_cnt = (unsigned long) rbuf;
+		rbuf = NULL;
+	}
+
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_CMD, "0x%x [%s] (%d,%d,%d)\n",
+			       cmd, wfcmd->action, wfcmd->read_cnt,
+			       wfcmd->write_cnt, wfcmd->need_ack);
+    
+	if (wavefront_write (dev, cmd)) { 
+		DPRINT ((WF_DEBUG_IO|WF_DEBUG_CMD), "cannot request "
+						     "0x%x [%s].\n",
+						     cmd, wfcmd->action);
+		return 1;
+	} 
+
+	if (wfcmd->write_cnt > 0) {
+		DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_DATA, "writing %d bytes "
+					"for 0x%x\n",
+					wfcmd->write_cnt, cmd);
+
+		for (i = 0; i < wfcmd->write_cnt; i++) {
+			if (wavefront_write (dev, wbuf[i])) {
+				DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_IO, "bad write for byte "
+						      "%d of 0x%x [%s].\n",
+						      i, cmd, wfcmd->action);
+				return 1;
+			}
+
+			DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_DATA, "write[%d] = 0x%x\n",
+						i, wbuf[i]);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (wfcmd->read_cnt > 0) {
+		DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_DATA, "reading %d ints "
+					"for 0x%x\n",
+					wfcmd->read_cnt, cmd);
+
+		for (i = 0; i < wfcmd->read_cnt; i++) {
+
+			c = wavefront_read(dev);
+			if (c == -1) {
+				DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_IO, "bad read for byte "
+						      "%d of 0x%x [%s].\n",
+						      i, cmd, wfcmd->action);
+				return 1;
+			}
+
+			/* Now handle errors. Lots of special cases here */
+	    
+			if (c == 0xff) { 
+				c = wavefront_read(dev);
+				if (c == -1) {
+					DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_IO, "bad read for "
+							      "error byte at "
+							      "read byte %d "
+							      "of 0x%x [%s].\n",
+							      i, cmd,
+							      wfcmd->action);
+					return 1;
+				}
+
+				/* Can you believe this madness ? */
+
+				if (c == 1 &&
+				    wfcmd->cmd == WFC_IDENTIFY_SAMPLE_TYPE) {
+					rbuf[0] = WF_ST_EMPTY;
+					return (0);
+
+				} else if (c == 3 &&
+					   wfcmd->cmd == WFC_UPLOAD_PATCH) {
+
+					return 3;
+
+				} else if (c == 1 &&
+					   wfcmd->cmd == WFC_UPLOAD_PROGRAM) {
+
+					return 1;
+
+				} else {
+
+					DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_IO, "error %d (%s) "
+							      "during "
+							      "read for byte "
+							      "%d of 0x%x "
+							      "[%s].\n",
+							      c,
+							      wavefront_errorstr (c),
+							      i, cmd,
+							      wfcmd->action);
+					return 1;
+
+				}
+		
+		} else {
+				rbuf[i] = c;
+			}
+			
+			DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_DATA, "read[%d] = 0x%x\n",i, rbuf[i]);
+		}
+	}
+	
+	if ((wfcmd->read_cnt == 0 && wfcmd->write_cnt == 0) || wfcmd->need_ack) {
+
+		DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_CMD, "reading ACK for 0x%x\n", cmd);
+
+		/* Some commands need an ACK, but return zero instead
+		   of the standard value.
+		*/
+	    
+		ack = wavefront_read(dev);
+		if (ack == 0)
+			ack = WF_ACK;
+	
+		if (ack != WF_ACK) {
+			if (ack == -1) {
+				DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_IO, "cannot read ack for "
+						      "0x%x [%s].\n",
+						      cmd, wfcmd->action);
+				return 1;
+		
+			} else {
+				int err = -1; /* something unknown */
+
+				if (ack == 0xff) { /* explicit error */
+		    
+					err = wavefront_read(dev);
+					if (err == -1) {
+						DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_DATA,
+							"cannot read err "
+							"for 0x%x [%s].\n",
+							cmd, wfcmd->action);
+					}
+				}
+				
+				DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_IO, "0x%x [%s] "
+					"failed (0x%x, 0x%x, %s)\n",
+					cmd, wfcmd->action, ack, err,
+					wavefront_errorstr (err));
+				
+				return -err;
+			}
+		}
+		
+		DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_DATA, "ack received "
+					"for 0x%x [%s]\n",
+					cmd, wfcmd->action);
+	} else {
+
+		DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_CMD, "0x%x [%s] does not need "
+				       "ACK (%d,%d,%d)\n",
+				       cmd, wfcmd->action, wfcmd->read_cnt,
+				       wfcmd->write_cnt, wfcmd->need_ack);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+	
+}
+
+/***********************************************************************
+WaveFront data munging   
+
+Things here are weird. All data written to the board cannot 
+have its most significant bit set. Any data item with values 
+potentially > 0x7F (127) must be split across multiple bytes.
+
+Sometimes, we need to munge numeric values that are represented on
+the x86 side as 8-32 bit values. Sometimes, we need to munge data
+that is represented on the x86 side as an array of bytes. The most
+efficient approach to handling both cases seems to be to use 2
+different functions for munging and 2 for de-munging. This avoids
+weird casting and worrying about bit-level offsets.
+
+**********************************************************************/
+
+static unsigned char *
+munge_int32 (unsigned int src,
+	     unsigned char *dst,
+	     unsigned int dst_size)
+{
+	unsigned int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < dst_size; i++) {
+		*dst = src & 0x7F;  /* Mask high bit of LSB */
+		src = src >> 7;     /* Rotate Right 7 bits  */
+	                            /* Note: we leave the upper bits in place */ 
+
+		dst++;
+	}
+	return dst;
+};
+
+static int 
+demunge_int32 (unsigned char* src, int src_size)
+
+{
+	int i;
+ 	int outval = 0;
+	
+ 	for (i = src_size - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+		outval=(outval<<7)+src[i];
+	}
+
+	return outval;
+};
+
+static 
+unsigned char *
+munge_buf (unsigned char *src, unsigned char *dst, unsigned int dst_size)
+
+{
+	unsigned int i;
+	unsigned int last = dst_size / 2;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < last; i++) {
+		*dst++ = src[i] & 0x7f;
+		*dst++ = src[i] >> 7;
+	}
+	return dst;
+}
+
+static 
+unsigned char *
+demunge_buf (unsigned char *src, unsigned char *dst, unsigned int src_bytes)
+
+{
+	int i;
+	unsigned char *end = src + src_bytes;
+    
+	/* NOTE: src and dst *CAN* point to the same address */
+
+	for (i = 0; src != end; i++) {
+		dst[i] = *src++;
+		dst[i] |= (*src++)<<7;
+	}
+
+	return dst;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************************
+WaveFront: sample, patch and program management.
+***********************************************************************/
+
+static int
+wavefront_delete_sample (snd_wavefront_t *dev, int sample_num)
+
+{
+	unsigned char wbuf[2];
+	int x;
+
+	wbuf[0] = sample_num & 0x7f;
+	wbuf[1] = sample_num >> 7;
+
+	x = snd_wavefront_cmd(dev, WFC_DELETE_SAMPLE, NULL, wbuf);
+	if (!x)
+		dev->sample_status[sample_num] = WF_ST_EMPTY;
+
+	return x;
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_get_sample_status (snd_wavefront_t *dev, int assume_rom)
+
+{
+	int i;
+	unsigned char rbuf[32], wbuf[32];
+	unsigned int    sc_real, sc_alias, sc_multi;
+
+	/* check sample status */
+    
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_GET_NSAMPLES, rbuf, wbuf)) {
+		snd_printk ("cannot request sample count.\n");
+		return -1;
+	} 
+    
+	sc_real = sc_alias = sc_multi = dev->samples_used = 0;
+    
+	for (i = 0; i < WF_MAX_SAMPLE; i++) {
+	
+		wbuf[0] = i & 0x7f;
+		wbuf[1] = i >> 7;
+
+		if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_IDENTIFY_SAMPLE_TYPE, rbuf, wbuf)) {
+			snd_printk(KERN_WARNING "cannot identify sample "
+				   "type of slot %d\n", i);
+			dev->sample_status[i] = WF_ST_EMPTY;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		dev->sample_status[i] = (WF_SLOT_FILLED|rbuf[0]);
+
+		if (assume_rom) {
+			dev->sample_status[i] |= WF_SLOT_ROM;
+		}
+
+		switch (rbuf[0] & WF_ST_MASK) {
+		case WF_ST_SAMPLE:
+			sc_real++;
+			break;
+		case WF_ST_MULTISAMPLE:
+			sc_multi++;
+			break;
+		case WF_ST_ALIAS:
+			sc_alias++;
+			break;
+		case WF_ST_EMPTY:
+			break;
+
+		default:
+			snd_printk ("unknown sample type for "
+				    "slot %d (0x%x)\n", 
+				    i, rbuf[0]);
+		}
+
+		if (rbuf[0] != WF_ST_EMPTY) {
+			dev->samples_used++;
+		} 
+	}
+
+	snd_printk ("%d samples used (%d real, %d aliases, %d multi), "
+		    "%d empty\n", dev->samples_used, sc_real, sc_alias, sc_multi,
+		    WF_MAX_SAMPLE - dev->samples_used);
+
+
+	return (0);
+
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_get_patch_status (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
+
+{
+	unsigned char patchbuf[WF_PATCH_BYTES];
+	unsigned char patchnum[2];
+	wavefront_patch *p;
+	int i, x, cnt, cnt2;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < WF_MAX_PATCH; i++) {
+		patchnum[0] = i & 0x7f;
+		patchnum[1] = i >> 7;
+
+		x = snd_wavefront_cmd(dev, WFC_UPLOAD_PATCH, patchbuf,
+				      patchnum);
+		if (x == 0) {
+
+			dev->patch_status[i] |= WF_SLOT_FILLED;
+			p = (wavefront_patch *) patchbuf;
+			dev->sample_status
+				[p->sample_number|(p->sample_msb<<7)] |=
+				WF_SLOT_USED;
+	    
+		} else if (x == 3) { /* Bad patch number */
+			dev->patch_status[i] = 0;
+		} else {
+			snd_printk ("upload patch "
+				    "error 0x%x\n", x);
+			dev->patch_status[i] = 0;
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* program status has already filled in slot_used bits */
+
+	for (i = 0, cnt = 0, cnt2 = 0; i < WF_MAX_PATCH; i++) {
+		if (dev->patch_status[i] & WF_SLOT_FILLED) {
+			cnt++;
+		}
+		if (dev->patch_status[i] & WF_SLOT_USED) {
+			cnt2++;
+		}
+	
+	}
+	snd_printk ("%d patch slots filled, %d in use\n", cnt, cnt2);
+
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_get_program_status (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
+
+{
+	unsigned char progbuf[WF_PROGRAM_BYTES];
+	wavefront_program prog;
+	unsigned char prognum;
+	int i, x, l, cnt;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < WF_MAX_PROGRAM; i++) {
+		prognum = i;
+
+		x = snd_wavefront_cmd(dev, WFC_UPLOAD_PROGRAM, progbuf,
+				      &prognum);
+		if (x == 0) {
+
+			dev->prog_status[i] |= WF_SLOT_USED;
+
+			demunge_buf (progbuf, (unsigned char *) &prog,
+				     WF_PROGRAM_BYTES);
+
+			for (l = 0; l < WF_NUM_LAYERS; l++) {
+				if (prog.layer[l].mute) {
+					dev->patch_status
+						[prog.layer[l].patch_number] |=
+						WF_SLOT_USED;
+				}
+			}
+		} else if (x == 1) { /* Bad program number */
+			dev->prog_status[i] = 0;
+		} else {
+			snd_printk ("upload program "
+				    "error 0x%x\n", x);
+			dev->prog_status[i] = 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0, cnt = 0; i < WF_MAX_PROGRAM; i++) {
+		if (dev->prog_status[i]) {
+			cnt++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	snd_printk ("%d programs slots in use\n", cnt);
+
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_send_patch (snd_wavefront_t *dev, wavefront_patch_info *header)
+
+{
+	unsigned char buf[WF_PATCH_BYTES+2];
+	unsigned char *bptr;
+
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_LOAD_PATCH, "downloading patch %d\n",
+				      header->number);
+
+	if (header->number >= ARRAY_SIZE(dev->patch_status))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	dev->patch_status[header->number] |= WF_SLOT_FILLED;
+
+	bptr = munge_int32 (header->number, buf, 2);
+	munge_buf ((unsigned char *)&header->hdr.p, bptr, WF_PATCH_BYTES);
+    
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_DOWNLOAD_PATCH, NULL, buf)) {
+		snd_printk ("download patch failed\n");
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_send_program (snd_wavefront_t *dev, wavefront_patch_info *header)
+
+{
+	unsigned char buf[WF_PROGRAM_BYTES+1];
+	int i;
+
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_LOAD_PATCH, "downloading program %d\n",
+		header->number);
+
+	if (header->number >= ARRAY_SIZE(dev->prog_status))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	dev->prog_status[header->number] = WF_SLOT_USED;
+
+	/* XXX need to zero existing SLOT_USED bit for program_status[i]
+	   where `i' is the program that's being (potentially) overwritten.
+	*/
+    
+	for (i = 0; i < WF_NUM_LAYERS; i++) {
+		if (header->hdr.pr.layer[i].mute) {
+			dev->patch_status[header->hdr.pr.layer[i].patch_number] |=
+				WF_SLOT_USED;
+
+			/* XXX need to mark SLOT_USED for sample used by
+			   patch_number, but this means we have to load it. Ick.
+			*/
+		}
+	}
+
+	buf[0] = header->number;
+	munge_buf ((unsigned char *)&header->hdr.pr, &buf[1], WF_PROGRAM_BYTES);
+    
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_DOWNLOAD_PROGRAM, NULL, buf)) {
+		snd_printk ("download patch failed\n");	
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_freemem (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
+
+{
+	char rbuf[8];
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_REPORT_FREE_MEMORY, rbuf, NULL)) {
+		snd_printk ("can't get memory stats.\n");
+		return -1;
+	} else {
+		return demunge_int32 (rbuf, 4);
+	}
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_send_sample (snd_wavefront_t *dev, 
+		       wavefront_patch_info *header,
+		       u16 __user *dataptr,
+		       int data_is_unsigned)
+
+{
+	/* samples are downloaded via a 16-bit wide i/o port
+	   (you could think of it as 2 adjacent 8-bit wide ports
+	   but its less efficient that way). therefore, all
+	   the blocksizes and so forth listed in the documentation,
+	   and used conventionally to refer to sample sizes,
+	   which are given in 8-bit units (bytes), need to be
+	   divided by 2.
+        */
+
+	u16 sample_short = 0;
+	u32 length;
+	u16 __user *data_end = NULL;
+	unsigned int i;
+	const unsigned int max_blksize = 4096/2;
+	unsigned int written;
+	unsigned int blocksize;
+	int dma_ack;
+	int blocknum;
+	unsigned char sample_hdr[WF_SAMPLE_HDR_BYTES];
+	unsigned char *shptr;
+	int skip = 0;
+	int initial_skip = 0;
+
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_LOAD_PATCH, "sample %sdownload for slot %d, "
+				      "type %d, %d bytes from 0x%lx\n",
+				      header->size ? "" : "header ", 
+				      header->number, header->subkey,
+				      header->size,
+				      (unsigned long) header->dataptr);
+
+	if (header->number == WAVEFRONT_FIND_FREE_SAMPLE_SLOT) {
+		int x;
+
+		x = wavefront_find_free_sample(dev);
+		if (x < 0)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		snd_printk ("unspecified sample => %d\n", x);
+		header->number = x;
+	}
+
+	if (header->number >= WF_MAX_SAMPLE)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (header->size) {
+
+		/* XXX it's a debatable point whether or not RDONLY semantics
+		   on the ROM samples should cover just the sample data or
+		   the sample header. For now, it only covers the sample data,
+		   so anyone is free at all times to rewrite sample headers.
+
+		   My reason for this is that we have the sample headers
+		   available in the WFB file for General MIDI, and so these
+		   can always be reset if needed. The sample data, however,
+		   cannot be recovered without a complete reset and firmware
+		   reload of the ICS2115, which is a very expensive operation.
+
+		   So, doing things this way allows us to honor the notion of
+		   "RESETSAMPLES" reasonably cheaply. Note however, that this
+		   is done purely at user level: there is no WFB parser in
+		   this driver, and so a complete reset (back to General MIDI,
+		   or theoretically some other configuration) is the
+		   responsibility of the user level library. 
+
+		   To try to do this in the kernel would be a little
+		   crazy: we'd need 158K of kernel space just to hold
+		   a copy of the patch/program/sample header data.
+		*/
+
+		if (dev->rom_samples_rdonly) {
+			if (dev->sample_status[header->number] & WF_SLOT_ROM) {
+				snd_printk ("sample slot %d "
+					    "write protected\n",
+					    header->number);
+				return -EACCES;
+			}
+		}
+
+		wavefront_delete_sample (dev, header->number);
+	}
+
+	if (header->size) {
+		dev->freemem = wavefront_freemem (dev);
+
+		if (dev->freemem < (int)header->size) {
+			snd_printk ("insufficient memory to "
+				    "load %d byte sample.\n",
+				    header->size);
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+	
+	}
+
+	skip = WF_GET_CHANNEL(&header->hdr.s);
+
+	if (skip > 0 && header->hdr.s.SampleResolution != LINEAR_16BIT) {
+		snd_printk ("channel selection only "
+			    "possible on 16-bit samples");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	switch (skip) {
+	case 0:
+		initial_skip = 0;
+		skip = 1;
+		break;
+	case 1:
+		initial_skip = 0;
+		skip = 2;
+		break;
+	case 2:
+		initial_skip = 1;
+		skip = 2;
+		break;
+	case 3:
+		initial_skip = 2;
+		skip = 3;
+		break;
+	case 4:
+		initial_skip = 3;
+		skip = 4;
+		break;
+	case 5:
+		initial_skip = 4;
+		skip = 5;
+		break;
+	case 6:
+		initial_skip = 5;
+		skip = 6;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_LOAD_PATCH, "channel selection: %d => "
+				      "initial skip = %d, skip = %d\n",
+				      WF_GET_CHANNEL (&header->hdr.s),
+				      initial_skip, skip);
+    
+	/* Be safe, and zero the "Unused" bits ... */
+
+	WF_SET_CHANNEL(&header->hdr.s, 0);
+
+	/* adjust size for 16 bit samples by dividing by two.  We always
+	   send 16 bits per write, even for 8 bit samples, so the length
+	   is always half the size of the sample data in bytes.
+	*/
+
+	length = header->size / 2;
+
+	/* the data we're sent has not been munged, and in fact, the
+	   header we have to send isn't just a munged copy either.
+	   so, build the sample header right here.
+	*/
+
+	shptr = &sample_hdr[0];
+
+	shptr = munge_int32 (header->number, shptr, 2);
+
+	if (header->size) {
+		shptr = munge_int32 (length, shptr, 4);
+	}
+
+	/* Yes, a 4 byte result doesn't contain all of the offset bits,
+	   but the offset only uses 24 bits.
+	*/
+
+	shptr = munge_int32 (*((u32 *) &header->hdr.s.sampleStartOffset),
+			     shptr, 4);
+	shptr = munge_int32 (*((u32 *) &header->hdr.s.loopStartOffset),
+			     shptr, 4);
+	shptr = munge_int32 (*((u32 *) &header->hdr.s.loopEndOffset),
+			     shptr, 4);
+	shptr = munge_int32 (*((u32 *) &header->hdr.s.sampleEndOffset),
+			     shptr, 4);
+	
+	/* This one is truly weird. What kind of weirdo decided that in
+	   a system dominated by 16 and 32 bit integers, they would use
+	   a just 12 bits ?
+	*/
+	
+	shptr = munge_int32 (header->hdr.s.FrequencyBias, shptr, 3);
+	
+	/* Why is this nybblified, when the MSB is *always* zero ? 
+	   Anyway, we can't take address of bitfield, so make a
+	   good-faith guess at where it starts.
+	*/
+	
+	shptr = munge_int32 (*(&header->hdr.s.FrequencyBias+1),
+			     shptr, 2);
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, 
+			   header->size ?
+			   WFC_DOWNLOAD_SAMPLE : WFC_DOWNLOAD_SAMPLE_HEADER,
+			   NULL, sample_hdr)) {
+		snd_printk ("sample %sdownload refused.\n",
+			    header->size ? "" : "header ");
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	if (header->size == 0) {
+		goto sent; /* Sorry. Just had to have one somewhere */
+	}
+    
+	data_end = dataptr + length;
+
+	/* Do any initial skip over an unused channel's data */
+
+	dataptr += initial_skip;
+    
+	for (written = 0, blocknum = 0;
+	     written < length; written += max_blksize, blocknum++) {
+	
+		if ((length - written) > max_blksize) {
+			blocksize = max_blksize;
+		} else {
+			/* round to nearest 16-byte value */
+			blocksize = ALIGN(length - written, 8);
+		}
+
+		if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_DOWNLOAD_BLOCK, NULL, NULL)) {
+			snd_printk ("download block "
+				    "request refused.\n");
+			return -EIO;
+		}
+
+		for (i = 0; i < blocksize; i++) {
+
+			if (dataptr < data_end) {
+		
+				if (get_user(sample_short, dataptr))
+					return -EFAULT;
+				dataptr += skip;
+		
+				if (data_is_unsigned) { /* GUS ? */
+
+					if (WF_SAMPLE_IS_8BIT(&header->hdr.s)) {
+			
+						/* 8 bit sample
+						 resolution, sign
+						 extend both bytes.
+						*/
+			
+						((unsigned char*)
+						 &sample_short)[0] += 0x7f;
+						((unsigned char*)
+						 &sample_short)[1] += 0x7f;
+			
+					} else {
+			
+						/* 16 bit sample
+						 resolution, sign
+						 extend the MSB.
+						*/
+			
+						sample_short += 0x7fff;
+					}
+				}
+
+			} else {
+
+				/* In padding section of final block:
+
+				   Don't fetch unsupplied data from
+				   user space, just continue with
+				   whatever the final value was.
+				*/
+			}
+	    
+			if (i < blocksize - 1) {
+				outw (sample_short, dev->block_port);
+			} else {
+				outw (sample_short, dev->last_block_port);
+			}
+		}
+
+		/* Get "DMA page acknowledge", even though its really
+		   nothing to do with DMA at all.
+		*/
+	
+		dma_ack = wavefront_read(dev);
+		if (dma_ack != WF_DMA_ACK) {
+			if (dma_ack == -1) {
+				snd_printk ("upload sample "
+					    "DMA ack timeout\n");
+				return -EIO;
+			} else {
+				snd_printk ("upload sample "
+					    "DMA ack error 0x%x\n",
+					    dma_ack);
+				return -EIO;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	dev->sample_status[header->number] = (WF_SLOT_FILLED|WF_ST_SAMPLE);
+
+	/* Note, label is here because sending the sample header shouldn't
+	   alter the sample_status info at all.
+	*/
+
+ sent:
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_send_alias (snd_wavefront_t *dev, wavefront_patch_info *header)
+
+{
+	unsigned char alias_hdr[WF_ALIAS_BYTES];
+
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_LOAD_PATCH, "download alias, %d is "
+				      "alias for %d\n",
+				      header->number,
+				      header->hdr.a.OriginalSample);
+
+	if (header->number >= WF_MAX_SAMPLE)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	munge_int32 (header->number, &alias_hdr[0], 2);
+	munge_int32 (header->hdr.a.OriginalSample, &alias_hdr[2], 2);
+	munge_int32 (*((unsigned int *)&header->hdr.a.sampleStartOffset),
+		     &alias_hdr[4], 4);
+	munge_int32 (*((unsigned int *)&header->hdr.a.loopStartOffset),
+		     &alias_hdr[8], 4);
+	munge_int32 (*((unsigned int *)&header->hdr.a.loopEndOffset),
+		     &alias_hdr[12], 4);
+	munge_int32 (*((unsigned int *)&header->hdr.a.sampleEndOffset),
+		     &alias_hdr[16], 4);
+	munge_int32 (header->hdr.a.FrequencyBias, &alias_hdr[20], 3);
+	munge_int32 (*(&header->hdr.a.FrequencyBias+1), &alias_hdr[23], 2);
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_DOWNLOAD_SAMPLE_ALIAS, NULL, alias_hdr)) {
+		snd_printk ("download alias failed.\n");
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	dev->sample_status[header->number] = (WF_SLOT_FILLED|WF_ST_ALIAS);
+
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_send_multisample (snd_wavefront_t *dev, wavefront_patch_info *header)
+{
+	int i;
+	int num_samples;
+	unsigned char *msample_hdr;
+
+	if (header->number >= WF_MAX_SAMPLE)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	msample_hdr = kmalloc(WF_MSAMPLE_BYTES, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (! msample_hdr)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	munge_int32 (header->number, &msample_hdr[0], 2);
+
+	/* You'll recall at this point that the "number of samples" value
+	   in a wavefront_multisample struct is actually the log2 of the
+	   real number of samples.
+	*/
+
+	num_samples = (1<<(header->hdr.ms.NumberOfSamples&7));
+	msample_hdr[2] = (unsigned char) header->hdr.ms.NumberOfSamples;
+
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_LOAD_PATCH, "multi %d with %d=%d samples\n",
+				      header->number,
+				      header->hdr.ms.NumberOfSamples,
+				      num_samples);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < num_samples; i++) {
+		DPRINT(WF_DEBUG_LOAD_PATCH|WF_DEBUG_DATA, "sample[%d] = %d\n",
+		       i, header->hdr.ms.SampleNumber[i]);
+		munge_int32 (header->hdr.ms.SampleNumber[i],
+		     &msample_hdr[3+(i*2)], 2);
+	}
+    
+	/* Need a hack here to pass in the number of bytes
+	   to be written to the synth. This is ugly, and perhaps
+	   one day, I'll fix it.
+	*/
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_DOWNLOAD_MULTISAMPLE, 
+			   (unsigned char *) (long) ((num_samples*2)+3),
+			   msample_hdr)) {
+		snd_printk ("download of multisample failed.\n");
+		kfree(msample_hdr);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	dev->sample_status[header->number] = (WF_SLOT_FILLED|WF_ST_MULTISAMPLE);
+
+	kfree(msample_hdr);
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_fetch_multisample (snd_wavefront_t *dev, 
+			     wavefront_patch_info *header)
+{
+	int i;
+	unsigned char log_ns[1];
+	unsigned char number[2];
+	int num_samples;
+
+	munge_int32 (header->number, number, 2);
+    
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_UPLOAD_MULTISAMPLE, log_ns, number)) {
+		snd_printk ("upload multisample failed.\n");
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+    
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_DATA, "msample %d has %d samples\n",
+				header->number, log_ns[0]);
+
+	header->hdr.ms.NumberOfSamples = log_ns[0];
+
+	/* get the number of samples ... */
+
+	num_samples = (1 << log_ns[0]);
+    
+	for (i = 0; i < num_samples; i++) {
+		char d[2];
+		int val;
+	
+		val = wavefront_read(dev);
+		if (val == -1) {
+			snd_printk ("upload multisample failed "
+				    "during sample loop.\n");
+			return -EIO;
+		}
+		d[0] = val;
+
+		val = wavefront_read(dev);
+		if (val == -1) {
+			snd_printk ("upload multisample failed "
+				    "during sample loop.\n");
+			return -EIO;
+		}
+		d[1] = val;
+	
+		header->hdr.ms.SampleNumber[i] =
+			demunge_int32 ((unsigned char *) d, 2);
+	
+		DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_DATA, "msample sample[%d] = %d\n",
+					i, header->hdr.ms.SampleNumber[i]);
+	}
+
+	return (0);
+}
+
+
+static int
+wavefront_send_drum (snd_wavefront_t *dev, wavefront_patch_info *header)
+
+{
+	unsigned char drumbuf[WF_DRUM_BYTES];
+	wavefront_drum *drum = &header->hdr.d;
+	int i;
+
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_LOAD_PATCH, "downloading edrum for MIDI "
+		"note %d, patch = %d\n", 
+		header->number, drum->PatchNumber);
+
+	drumbuf[0] = header->number & 0x7f;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+		munge_int32 (((unsigned char *)drum)[i], &drumbuf[1+(i*2)], 2);
+	}
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_DOWNLOAD_EDRUM_PROGRAM, NULL, drumbuf)) {
+		snd_printk ("download drum failed.\n");
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static int 
+wavefront_find_free_sample (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
+
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < WF_MAX_SAMPLE; i++) {
+		if (!(dev->sample_status[i] & WF_SLOT_FILLED)) {
+			return i;
+		}
+	}
+	snd_printk ("no free sample slots!\n");
+	return -1;
+}
+
+#if 0
+static int 
+wavefront_find_free_patch (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
+
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < WF_MAX_PATCH; i++) {
+		if (!(dev->patch_status[i] & WF_SLOT_FILLED)) {
+			return i;
+		}
+	}
+	snd_printk ("no free patch slots!\n");
+	return -1;
+}
+#endif
+
+static int
+wavefront_load_patch (snd_wavefront_t *dev, const char __user *addr)
+{
+	wavefront_patch_info *header;
+	int err;
+	
+	header = kmalloc(sizeof(*header), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (! header)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	if (copy_from_user (header, addr, sizeof(wavefront_patch_info) -
+			    sizeof(wavefront_any))) {
+		snd_printk ("bad address for load patch.\n");
+		err = -EFAULT;
+		goto __error;
+	}
+
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_LOAD_PATCH, "download "
+				      "Sample type: %d "
+				      "Sample number: %d "
+				      "Sample size: %d\n",
+				      header->subkey,
+				      header->number,
+				      header->size);
+
+	switch (header->subkey) {
+	case WF_ST_SAMPLE:  /* sample or sample_header, based on patch->size */
+
+		if (copy_from_user (&header->hdr.s, header->hdrptr,
+				    sizeof (wavefront_sample))) {
+			err = -EFAULT;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		err = wavefront_send_sample (dev, header, header->dataptr, 0);
+		break;
+
+	case WF_ST_MULTISAMPLE:
+
+		if (copy_from_user (&header->hdr.s, header->hdrptr,
+				    sizeof (wavefront_multisample))) {
+			err = -EFAULT;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		err = wavefront_send_multisample (dev, header);
+		break;
+
+	case WF_ST_ALIAS:
+
+		if (copy_from_user (&header->hdr.a, header->hdrptr,
+				    sizeof (wavefront_alias))) {
+			err = -EFAULT;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		err = wavefront_send_alias (dev, header);
+		break;
+
+	case WF_ST_DRUM:
+		if (copy_from_user (&header->hdr.d, header->hdrptr,
+				    sizeof (wavefront_drum))) {
+			err = -EFAULT;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		err = wavefront_send_drum (dev, header);
+		break;
+
+	case WF_ST_PATCH:
+		if (copy_from_user (&header->hdr.p, header->hdrptr,
+				    sizeof (wavefront_patch))) {
+			err = -EFAULT;
+			break;
+		}
+		
+		err = wavefront_send_patch (dev, header);
+		break;
+
+	case WF_ST_PROGRAM:
+		if (copy_from_user (&header->hdr.pr, header->hdrptr,
+				    sizeof (wavefront_program))) {
+			err = -EFAULT;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		err = wavefront_send_program (dev, header);
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		snd_printk ("unknown patch type %d.\n",
+			    header->subkey);
+		err = -EINVAL;
+		break;
+	}
+
+ __error:
+	kfree(header);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************************
+WaveFront: hardware-dependent interface
+***********************************************************************/
+
+static void
+process_sample_hdr (u8 *buf)
+
+{
+	wavefront_sample s;
+	u8 *ptr;
+
+	ptr = buf;
+
+	/* The board doesn't send us an exact copy of a "wavefront_sample"
+	   in response to an Upload Sample Header command. Instead, we 
+	   have to convert the data format back into our data structure,
+	   just as in the Download Sample command, where we have to do
+	   something very similar in the reverse direction.
+	*/
+
+	*((u32 *) &s.sampleStartOffset) = demunge_int32 (ptr, 4); ptr += 4;
+	*((u32 *) &s.loopStartOffset) = demunge_int32 (ptr, 4); ptr += 4;
+	*((u32 *) &s.loopEndOffset) = demunge_int32 (ptr, 4); ptr += 4;
+	*((u32 *) &s.sampleEndOffset) = demunge_int32 (ptr, 4); ptr += 4;
+	*((u32 *) &s.FrequencyBias) = demunge_int32 (ptr, 3); ptr += 3;
+
+	s.SampleResolution = *ptr & 0x3;
+	s.Loop = *ptr & 0x8;
+	s.Bidirectional = *ptr & 0x10;
+	s.Reverse = *ptr & 0x40;
+
+	/* Now copy it back to where it came from */
+
+	memcpy (buf, (unsigned char *) &s, sizeof (wavefront_sample));
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_synth_control (snd_wavefront_card_t *acard, 
+			 wavefront_control *wc)
+
+{
+	snd_wavefront_t *dev = &acard->wavefront;
+	unsigned char patchnumbuf[2];
+	int i;
+
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_CMD, "synth control with "
+		"cmd 0x%x\n", wc->cmd);
+
+	/* Pre-handling of or for various commands */
+
+	switch (wc->cmd) {
+		
+	case WFC_DISABLE_INTERRUPTS:
+		snd_printk ("interrupts disabled.\n");
+		outb (0x80|0x20, dev->control_port);
+		dev->interrupts_are_midi = 1;
+		return 0;
+
+	case WFC_ENABLE_INTERRUPTS:
+		snd_printk ("interrupts enabled.\n");
+		outb (0x80|0x40|0x20, dev->control_port);
+		dev->interrupts_are_midi = 1;
+		return 0;
+
+	case WFC_INTERRUPT_STATUS:
+		wc->rbuf[0] = dev->interrupts_are_midi;
+		return 0;
+
+	case WFC_ROMSAMPLES_RDONLY:
+		dev->rom_samples_rdonly = wc->wbuf[0];
+		wc->status = 0;
+		return 0;
+
+	case WFC_IDENTIFY_SLOT_TYPE:
+		i = wc->wbuf[0] | (wc->wbuf[1] << 7);
+		if (i <0 || i >= WF_MAX_SAMPLE) {
+			snd_printk ("invalid slot ID %d\n",
+				i);
+			wc->status = EINVAL;
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		wc->rbuf[0] = dev->sample_status[i];
+		wc->status = 0;
+		return 0;
+
+	case WFC_DEBUG_DRIVER:
+		dev->debug = wc->wbuf[0];
+		snd_printk ("debug = 0x%x\n", dev->debug);
+		return 0;
+
+	case WFC_UPLOAD_PATCH:
+		munge_int32 (*((u32 *) wc->wbuf), patchnumbuf, 2);
+		memcpy (wc->wbuf, patchnumbuf, 2);
+		break;
+
+	case WFC_UPLOAD_MULTISAMPLE:
+		/* multisamples have to be handled differently, and
+		   cannot be dealt with properly by snd_wavefront_cmd() alone.
+		*/
+		wc->status = wavefront_fetch_multisample
+			(dev, (wavefront_patch_info *) wc->rbuf);
+		return 0;
+
+	case WFC_UPLOAD_SAMPLE_ALIAS:
+		snd_printk ("support for sample alias upload "
+			"being considered.\n");
+		wc->status = EINVAL;
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	wc->status = snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, wc->cmd, wc->rbuf, wc->wbuf);
+
+	/* Post-handling of certain commands.
+
+	   In particular, if the command was an upload, demunge the data
+	   so that the user-level doesn't have to think about it.
+	*/
+
+	if (wc->status == 0) {
+		switch (wc->cmd) {
+			/* intercept any freemem requests so that we know
+			   we are always current with the user-level view
+			   of things.
+			*/
+
+		case WFC_REPORT_FREE_MEMORY:
+			dev->freemem = demunge_int32 (wc->rbuf, 4);
+			break;
+
+		case WFC_UPLOAD_PATCH:
+			demunge_buf (wc->rbuf, wc->rbuf, WF_PATCH_BYTES);
+			break;
+
+		case WFC_UPLOAD_PROGRAM:
+			demunge_buf (wc->rbuf, wc->rbuf, WF_PROGRAM_BYTES);
+			break;
+
+		case WFC_UPLOAD_EDRUM_PROGRAM:
+			demunge_buf (wc->rbuf, wc->rbuf, WF_DRUM_BYTES - 1);
+			break;
+
+		case WFC_UPLOAD_SAMPLE_HEADER:
+			process_sample_hdr (wc->rbuf);
+			break;
+
+		case WFC_UPLOAD_SAMPLE_ALIAS:
+			snd_printk ("support for "
+				    "sample aliases still "
+				    "being considered.\n");
+			break;
+
+		case WFC_VMIDI_OFF:
+			snd_wavefront_midi_disable_virtual (acard);
+			break;
+
+		case WFC_VMIDI_ON:
+			snd_wavefront_midi_enable_virtual (acard);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int 
+snd_wavefront_synth_open (struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file)
+
+{
+	if (!try_module_get(hw->card->module))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	file->private_data = hw;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int 
+snd_wavefront_synth_release (struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file)
+
+{
+	module_put(hw->card->module);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+snd_wavefront_synth_ioctl (struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file,
+			   unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
+
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	snd_wavefront_t *dev;
+	snd_wavefront_card_t *acard;
+	wavefront_control *wc;
+	void __user *argp = (void __user *)arg;
+	int err;
+
+	card = (struct snd_card *) hw->card;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!card))
+		return -ENODEV;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!card->private_data))
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	acard = card->private_data;
+	dev = &acard->wavefront;
+	
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case WFCTL_LOAD_SPP:
+		if (wavefront_load_patch (dev, argp) != 0) {
+			return -EIO;
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case WFCTL_WFCMD:
+		wc = memdup_user(argp, sizeof(*wc));
+		if (IS_ERR(wc))
+			return PTR_ERR(wc);
+
+		if (wavefront_synth_control (acard, wc) < 0)
+			err = -EIO;
+		else if (copy_to_user (argp, wc, sizeof (*wc)))
+			err = -EFAULT;
+		else
+			err = 0;
+		kfree(wc);
+		return err;
+
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+/***********************************************************************/
+/*  WaveFront: interface for card-level wavefront module               */
+/***********************************************************************/
+
+void
+snd_wavefront_internal_interrupt (snd_wavefront_card_t *card)
+{
+	snd_wavefront_t *dev = &card->wavefront;
+
+	/*
+	   Some comments on interrupts. I attempted a version of this
+	   driver that used interrupts throughout the code instead of
+	   doing busy and/or sleep-waiting. Alas, it appears that once
+	   the Motorola firmware is downloaded, the card *never*
+	   generates an RX interrupt. These are successfully generated
+	   during firmware loading, and after that wavefront_status()
+	   reports that an interrupt is pending on the card from time
+	   to time, but it never seems to be delivered to this
+	   driver. Note also that wavefront_status() continues to
+	   report that RX interrupts are enabled, suggesting that I
+	   didn't goof up and disable them by mistake.
+
+	   Thus, I stepped back to a prior version of
+	   wavefront_wait(), the only place where this really
+	   matters. Its sad, but I've looked through the code to check
+	   on things, and I really feel certain that the Motorola
+	   firmware prevents RX-ready interrupts.
+	*/
+
+	if ((wavefront_status(dev) & (STAT_INTR_READ|STAT_INTR_WRITE)) == 0) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	spin_lock(&dev->irq_lock);
+	dev->irq_ok = 1;
+	dev->irq_cnt++;
+	spin_unlock(&dev->irq_lock);
+	wake_up(&dev->interrupt_sleeper);
+}
+
+/* STATUS REGISTER 
+
+0 Host Rx Interrupt Enable (1=Enabled)
+1 Host Rx Register Full (1=Full)
+2 Host Rx Interrupt Pending (1=Interrupt)
+3 Unused
+4 Host Tx Interrupt (1=Enabled)
+5 Host Tx Register empty (1=Empty)
+6 Host Tx Interrupt Pending (1=Interrupt)
+7 Unused
+*/
+
+static int
+snd_wavefront_interrupt_bits (int irq)
+
+{
+	int bits;
+
+	switch (irq) {
+	case 9:
+		bits = 0x00;
+		break;
+	case 5:
+		bits = 0x08;
+		break;
+	case 12:
+		bits = 0x10;
+		break;
+	case 15:
+		bits = 0x18;
+		break;
+	
+	default:
+		snd_printk ("invalid IRQ %d\n", irq);
+		bits = -1;
+	}
+
+	return bits;
+}
+
+static void
+wavefront_should_cause_interrupt (snd_wavefront_t *dev, 
+				  int val, int port, unsigned long timeout)
+
+{
+	wait_queue_entry_t wait;
+
+	init_waitqueue_entry(&wait, current);
+	spin_lock_irq(&dev->irq_lock);
+	add_wait_queue(&dev->interrupt_sleeper, &wait);
+	dev->irq_ok = 0;
+	outb (val,port);
+	spin_unlock_irq(&dev->irq_lock);
+	while (!dev->irq_ok && time_before(jiffies, timeout)) {
+		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
+		barrier();
+	}
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_reset_to_cleanliness (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
+
+{
+	int bits;
+	int hwv[2];
+
+	/* IRQ already checked */
+
+	bits = snd_wavefront_interrupt_bits (dev->irq);
+
+	/* try reset of port */
+
+	outb (0x0, dev->control_port); 
+  
+	/* At this point, the board is in reset, and the H/W initialization
+	   register is accessed at the same address as the data port.
+     
+	   Bit 7 - Enable IRQ Driver	
+	   0 - Tri-state the Wave-Board drivers for the PC Bus IRQs
+	   1 - Enable IRQ selected by bits 5:3 to be driven onto the PC Bus.
+     
+	   Bit 6 - MIDI Interface Select
+
+	   0 - Use the MIDI Input from the 26-pin WaveBlaster
+	   compatible header as the serial MIDI source
+	   1 - Use the MIDI Input from the 9-pin D connector as the
+	   serial MIDI source.
+     
+	   Bits 5:3 - IRQ Selection
+	   0 0 0 - IRQ 2/9
+	   0 0 1 - IRQ 5
+	   0 1 0 - IRQ 12
+	   0 1 1 - IRQ 15
+	   1 0 0 - Reserved
+	   1 0 1 - Reserved
+	   1 1 0 - Reserved
+	   1 1 1 - Reserved
+     
+	   Bits 2:1 - Reserved
+	   Bit 0 - Disable Boot ROM
+	   0 - memory accesses to 03FC30-03FFFFH utilize the internal Boot ROM
+	   1 - memory accesses to 03FC30-03FFFFH are directed to external 
+	   storage.
+     
+	*/
+
+	/* configure hardware: IRQ, enable interrupts, 
+	   plus external 9-pin MIDI interface selected
+	*/
+
+	outb (0x80 | 0x40 | bits, dev->data_port);	
+  
+	/* CONTROL REGISTER
+
+	   0 Host Rx Interrupt Enable (1=Enabled)      0x1
+	   1 Unused                                    0x2
+	   2 Unused                                    0x4
+	   3 Unused                                    0x8
+	   4 Host Tx Interrupt Enable                 0x10
+	   5 Mute (0=Mute; 1=Play)                    0x20
+	   6 Master Interrupt Enable (1=Enabled)      0x40
+	   7 Master Reset (0=Reset; 1=Run)            0x80
+
+	   Take us out of reset, mute output, master + TX + RX interrupts on.
+	   
+	   We'll get an interrupt presumably to tell us that the TX
+	   register is clear.
+	*/
+
+	wavefront_should_cause_interrupt(dev, 0x80|0x40|0x10|0x1,
+					 dev->control_port,
+					 (reset_time*HZ)/100);
+
+	/* Note: data port is now the data port, not the h/w initialization
+	   port.
+	 */
+
+	if (!dev->irq_ok) {
+		snd_printk ("intr not received after h/w un-reset.\n");
+		goto gone_bad;
+	} 
+
+	/* Note: data port is now the data port, not the h/w initialization
+	   port.
+
+	   At this point, only "HW VERSION" or "DOWNLOAD OS" commands
+	   will work. So, issue one of them, and wait for TX
+	   interrupt. This can take a *long* time after a cold boot,
+	   while the ISC ROM does its RAM test. The SDK says up to 4
+	   seconds - with 12MB of RAM on a Tropez+, it takes a lot
+	   longer than that (~16secs). Note that the card understands
+	   the difference between a warm and a cold boot, so
+	   subsequent ISC2115 reboots (say, caused by module
+	   reloading) will get through this much faster.
+
+	   XXX Interesting question: why is no RX interrupt received first ?
+	*/
+
+	wavefront_should_cause_interrupt(dev, WFC_HARDWARE_VERSION, 
+					 dev->data_port, ramcheck_time*HZ);
+
+	if (!dev->irq_ok) {
+		snd_printk ("post-RAM-check interrupt not received.\n");
+		goto gone_bad;
+	} 
+
+	if (!wavefront_wait (dev, STAT_CAN_READ)) {
+		snd_printk ("no response to HW version cmd.\n");
+		goto gone_bad;
+	}
+	
+	hwv[0] = wavefront_read(dev);
+	if (hwv[0] == -1) {
+		snd_printk ("board not responding correctly.\n");
+		goto gone_bad;
+	}
+
+	if (hwv[0] == 0xFF) { /* NAK */
+
+		/* Board's RAM test failed. Try to read error code,
+		   and tell us about it either way.
+		*/
+		
+		hwv[0] = wavefront_read(dev);
+		if (hwv[0] == -1) {
+			snd_printk ("on-board RAM test failed "
+				    "(bad error code).\n");
+		} else {
+			snd_printk ("on-board RAM test failed "
+				    "(error code: 0x%x).\n",
+				hwv[0]);
+		}
+		goto gone_bad;
+	}
+
+	/* We're OK, just get the next byte of the HW version response */
+
+	hwv[1] = wavefront_read(dev);
+	if (hwv[1] == -1) {
+		snd_printk ("incorrect h/w response.\n");
+		goto gone_bad;
+	}
+
+	snd_printk ("hardware version %d.%d\n",
+		    hwv[0], hwv[1]);
+
+	return 0;
+
+
+     gone_bad:
+	return (1);
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_download_firmware (snd_wavefront_t *dev, char *path)
+
+{
+	const unsigned char *buf;
+	int len, err;
+	int section_cnt_downloaded = 0;
+	const struct firmware *firmware;
+
+	err = request_firmware(&firmware, path, dev->card->dev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "firmware (%s) download failed!!!\n", path);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	len = 0;
+	buf = firmware->data;
+	for (;;) {
+		int section_length = *(signed char *)buf;
+		if (section_length == 0)
+			break;
+		if (section_length < 0 || section_length > WF_SECTION_MAX) {
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR
+				   "invalid firmware section length %d\n",
+				   section_length);
+			goto failure;
+		}
+		buf++;
+		len++;
+
+		if (firmware->size < len + section_length) {
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "firmware section read error.\n");
+			goto failure;
+		}
+
+		/* Send command */
+		if (wavefront_write(dev, WFC_DOWNLOAD_OS))
+			goto failure;
+	
+		for (; section_length; section_length--) {
+			if (wavefront_write(dev, *buf))
+				goto failure;
+			buf++;
+			len++;
+		}
+	
+		/* get ACK */
+		if (!wavefront_wait(dev, STAT_CAN_READ)) {
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "time out for firmware ACK.\n");
+			goto failure;
+		}
+		err = inb(dev->data_port);
+		if (err != WF_ACK) {
+			snd_printk(KERN_ERR
+				   "download of section #%d not "
+				   "acknowledged, ack = 0x%x\n",
+				   section_cnt_downloaded + 1, err);
+			goto failure;
+		}
+
+		section_cnt_downloaded++;
+	}
+
+	release_firmware(firmware);
+	return 0;
+
+ failure:
+	release_firmware(firmware);
+	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "firmware download failed!!!\n");
+	return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int
+wavefront_do_reset (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
+
+{
+	char voices[1];
+
+	if (wavefront_reset_to_cleanliness (dev)) {
+		snd_printk ("hw reset failed.\n");
+		goto gone_bad;
+	}
+
+	if (dev->israw) {
+		if (wavefront_download_firmware (dev, ospath)) {
+			goto gone_bad;
+		}
+
+		dev->israw = 0;
+
+		/* Wait for the OS to get running. The protocol for
+		   this is non-obvious, and was determined by
+		   using port-IO tracing in DOSemu and some
+		   experimentation here.
+		   
+		   Rather than using timed waits, use interrupts creatively.
+		*/
+
+		wavefront_should_cause_interrupt (dev, WFC_NOOP,
+						  dev->data_port,
+						  (osrun_time*HZ));
+
+		if (!dev->irq_ok) {
+			snd_printk ("no post-OS interrupt.\n");
+			goto gone_bad;
+		}
+		
+		/* Now, do it again ! */
+		
+		wavefront_should_cause_interrupt (dev, WFC_NOOP,
+						  dev->data_port, (10*HZ));
+		
+		if (!dev->irq_ok) {
+			snd_printk ("no post-OS interrupt(2).\n");
+			goto gone_bad;
+		}
+
+		/* OK, no (RX/TX) interrupts any more, but leave mute
+		   in effect. 
+		*/
+		
+		outb (0x80|0x40, dev->control_port); 
+	}
+
+	/* SETUPSND.EXE asks for sample memory config here, but since i
+	   have no idea how to interpret the result, we'll forget
+	   about it.
+	*/
+	
+	dev->freemem = wavefront_freemem(dev);
+	if (dev->freemem < 0)
+		goto gone_bad;
+		
+	snd_printk ("available DRAM %dk\n", dev->freemem / 1024);
+
+	if (wavefront_write (dev, 0xf0) ||
+	    wavefront_write (dev, 1) ||
+	    (wavefront_read (dev) < 0)) {
+		dev->debug = 0;
+		snd_printk ("MPU emulation mode not set.\n");
+		goto gone_bad;
+	}
+
+	voices[0] = 32;
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_SET_NVOICES, NULL, voices)) {
+		snd_printk ("cannot set number of voices to 32.\n");
+		goto gone_bad;
+	}
+
+
+	return 0;
+
+ gone_bad:
+	/* reset that sucker so that it doesn't bother us. */
+
+	outb (0x0, dev->control_port);
+	dev->interrupts_are_midi = 0;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int
+snd_wavefront_start (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
+
+{
+	int samples_are_from_rom;
+
+	/* IMPORTANT: assumes that snd_wavefront_detect() and/or
+	   wavefront_reset_to_cleanliness() has already been called 
+	*/
+
+	if (dev->israw) {
+		samples_are_from_rom = 1;
+	} else {
+		/* XXX is this always true ? */
+		samples_are_from_rom = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (dev->israw || fx_raw) {
+		if (wavefront_do_reset (dev)) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+	/* Check for FX device, present only on Tropez+ */
+
+	dev->has_fx = (snd_wavefront_fx_detect (dev) == 0);
+
+	if (dev->has_fx && fx_raw) {
+		snd_wavefront_fx_start (dev);
+	}
+
+	wavefront_get_sample_status (dev, samples_are_from_rom);
+	wavefront_get_program_status (dev);
+	wavefront_get_patch_status (dev);
+
+	/* Start normal operation: unreset, master interrupt enabled, no mute
+	*/
+
+	outb (0x80|0x40|0x20, dev->control_port); 
+
+	return (0);
+}
+
+int
+snd_wavefront_detect (snd_wavefront_card_t *card)
+
+{
+	unsigned char   rbuf[4], wbuf[4];
+	snd_wavefront_t *dev = &card->wavefront;
+	
+	/* returns zero if a WaveFront card is successfully detected.
+	   negative otherwise.
+	*/
+
+	dev->israw = 0;
+	dev->has_fx = 0;
+	dev->debug = debug_default;
+	dev->interrupts_are_midi = 0;
+	dev->irq_cnt = 0;
+	dev->rom_samples_rdonly = 1;
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_FIRMWARE_VERSION, rbuf, wbuf) == 0) {
+
+		dev->fw_version[0] = rbuf[0];
+		dev->fw_version[1] = rbuf[1];
+
+		snd_printk ("firmware %d.%d already loaded.\n",
+			    rbuf[0], rbuf[1]);
+
+		/* check that a command actually works */
+      
+		if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_HARDWARE_VERSION,
+				       rbuf, wbuf) == 0) {
+			dev->hw_version[0] = rbuf[0];
+			dev->hw_version[1] = rbuf[1];
+		} else {
+			snd_printk ("not raw, but no "
+				    "hardware version!\n");
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		if (!wf_raw) {
+			return 0;
+		} else {
+			snd_printk ("reloading firmware as you requested.\n");
+			dev->israw = 1;
+		}
+
+	} else {
+
+		dev->israw = 1;
+		snd_printk ("no response to firmware probe, assume raw.\n");
+
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+MODULE_FIRMWARE(DEFAULT_OSPATH);