1 files changed, 202 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/w1/w1-netlink.rst b/Documentation/w1/w1-netlink.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..be4f7b82dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/w1/w1-netlink.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+===============================================
+Userspace communication protocol over connector
+===============================================
+
+Message types
+=============
+
+There are three types of messages between w1 core and userspace:
+
+1. Events. They are generated each time a new master or slave device
+   is found either due to automatic or requested search.
+2. Userspace commands.
+3. Replies to userspace commands.
+
+
+Protocol
+========
+
+::
+
+  [struct cn_msg] - connector header.
+	Its length field is equal to size of the attached data
+  [struct w1_netlink_msg] - w1 netlink header.
+	__u8 type 	- message type.
+			W1_LIST_MASTERS
+				list current bus masters
+			W1_SLAVE_ADD/W1_SLAVE_REMOVE
+				slave add/remove events
+			W1_MASTER_ADD/W1_MASTER_REMOVE
+				master add/remove events
+			W1_MASTER_CMD
+				userspace command for bus master
+				device (search/alarm search)
+			W1_SLAVE_CMD
+				userspace command for slave device
+				(read/write/touch)
+	__u8 status	- error indication from kernel
+	__u16 len	- size of data attached to this header data
+	union {
+		__u8 id[8];			 - slave unique device id
+		struct w1_mst {
+			__u32		id;	 - master's id
+			__u32		res;	 - reserved
+		} mst;
+	} id;
+
+  [struct w1_netlink_cmd] - command for given master or slave device.
+	__u8 cmd	- command opcode.
+			W1_CMD_READ 	- read command
+			W1_CMD_WRITE	- write command
+			W1_CMD_SEARCH	- search command
+			W1_CMD_ALARM_SEARCH - alarm search command
+			W1_CMD_TOUCH	- touch command
+				(write and sample data back to userspace)
+			W1_CMD_RESET	- send bus reset
+			W1_CMD_SLAVE_ADD	- add slave to kernel list
+			W1_CMD_SLAVE_REMOVE	- remove slave from kernel list
+			W1_CMD_LIST_SLAVES	- get slaves list from kernel
+	__u8 res	- reserved
+	__u16 len	- length of data for this command
+		For read command data must be allocated like for write command
+	__u8 data[0]	- data for this command
+
+
+Each connector message can include one or more w1_netlink_msg with
+zero or more attached w1_netlink_cmd messages.
+
+For event messages there are no w1_netlink_cmd embedded structures,
+only connector header and w1_netlink_msg structure with "len" field
+being zero and filled type (one of event types) and id:
+either 8 bytes of slave unique id in host order,
+or master's id, which is assigned to bus master device
+when it is added to w1 core.
+
+Currently replies to userspace commands are only generated for read
+command request. One reply is generated exactly for one w1_netlink_cmd
+read request. Replies are not combined when sent - i.e. typical reply
+messages looks like the following::
+
+  [cn_msg][w1_netlink_msg][w1_netlink_cmd]
+  cn_msg.len = sizeof(struct w1_netlink_msg) +
+	     sizeof(struct w1_netlink_cmd) +
+	     cmd->len;
+  w1_netlink_msg.len = sizeof(struct w1_netlink_cmd) + cmd->len;
+  w1_netlink_cmd.len = cmd->len;
+
+Replies to W1_LIST_MASTERS should send a message back to the userspace
+which will contain list of all registered master ids in the following
+format::
+
+	cn_msg (CN_W1_IDX.CN_W1_VAL as id, len is equal to sizeof(struct
+	w1_netlink_msg) plus number of masters multiplied by 4)
+	w1_netlink_msg (type: W1_LIST_MASTERS, len is equal to
+		number of masters multiplied by 4 (u32 size))
+	id0 ... idN
+
+Each message is at most 4k in size, so if number of master devices
+exceeds this, it will be split into several messages.
+
+W1 search and alarm search commands.
+
+request::
+
+  [cn_msg]
+    [w1_netlink_msg type = W1_MASTER_CMD
+	id is equal to the bus master id to use for searching]
+    [w1_netlink_cmd cmd = W1_CMD_SEARCH or W1_CMD_ALARM_SEARCH]
+
+reply::
+
+  [cn_msg, ack = 1 and increasing, 0 means the last message,
+	seq is equal to the request seq]
+  [w1_netlink_msg type = W1_MASTER_CMD]
+  [w1_netlink_cmd cmd = W1_CMD_SEARCH or W1_CMD_ALARM_SEARCH
+	len is equal to number of IDs multiplied by 8]
+  [64bit-id0 ... 64bit-idN]
+
+Length in each header corresponds to the size of the data behind it, so
+w1_netlink_cmd->len = N * 8; where N is number of IDs in this message.
+Can be zero.
+
+::
+
+  w1_netlink_msg->len = sizeof(struct w1_netlink_cmd) + N * 8;
+  cn_msg->len = sizeof(struct w1_netlink_msg) +
+	      sizeof(struct w1_netlink_cmd) +
+	      N*8;
+
+W1 reset command::
+
+  [cn_msg]
+    [w1_netlink_msg type = W1_MASTER_CMD
+	id is equal to the bus master id to use for searching]
+    [w1_netlink_cmd cmd = W1_CMD_RESET]
+
+
+Command status replies
+======================
+
+Each command (either root, master or slave with or without w1_netlink_cmd
+structure) will be 'acked' by the w1 core. Format of the reply is the same
+as request message except that length parameters do not account for data
+requested by the user, i.e. read/write/touch IO requests will not contain
+data, so w1_netlink_cmd.len will be 0, w1_netlink_msg.len will be size
+of the w1_netlink_cmd structure and cn_msg.len will be equal to the sum
+of the sizeof(struct w1_netlink_msg) and sizeof(struct w1_netlink_cmd).
+If reply is generated for master or root command (which do not have
+w1_netlink_cmd attached), reply will contain only cn_msg and w1_netlink_msg
+structures.
+
+w1_netlink_msg.status field will carry positive error value
+(EINVAL for example) or zero in case of success.
+
+All other fields in every structure will mirror the same parameters in the
+request message (except lengths as described above).
+
+Status reply is generated for every w1_netlink_cmd embedded in the
+w1_netlink_msg, if there are no w1_netlink_cmd structures,
+reply will be generated for the w1_netlink_msg.
+
+All w1_netlink_cmd command structures are handled in every w1_netlink_msg,
+even if there were errors, only length mismatch interrupts message processing.
+
+
+Operation steps in w1 core when new command is received
+=======================================================
+
+When new message (w1_netlink_msg) is received w1 core detects if it is
+master or slave request, according to w1_netlink_msg.type field.
+Then master or slave device is searched for.
+When found, master device (requested or those one on where slave device
+is found) is locked. If slave command is requested, then reset/select
+procedure is started to select given device.
+
+Then all requested in w1_netlink_msg operations are performed one by one.
+If command requires reply (like read command) it is sent on command completion.
+
+When all commands (w1_netlink_cmd) are processed master device is unlocked
+and next w1_netlink_msg header processing started.
+
+
+Connector [1] specific documentation
+====================================
+
+Each connector message includes two u32 fields as "address".
+w1 uses CN_W1_IDX and CN_W1_VAL defined in include/linux/connector.h header.
+Each message also includes sequence and acknowledge numbers.
+Sequence number for event messages is appropriate bus master sequence number
+increased with each event message sent "through" this master.
+Sequence number for userspace requests is set by userspace application.
+Sequence number for reply is the same as was in request, and
+acknowledge number is set to seq+1.
+
+
+Additional documentation, source code examples
+==============================================
+
+1. Documentation/driver-api/connector.rst
+2. http://www.ioremap.net/archive/w1
+
+   This archive includes userspace application w1d.c which uses
+   read/write/search commands for all master/slave devices found on the bus.