Adding upstream version 4.22.0.upstream/4.22.0

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 784 insertions, 0 deletions

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+.\" ========================================================================
+.\"
+.IX Title "PERLHPUX 1perl"
+.TH PERLHPUX 1perl 2024-02-11 "perl v5.38.2" "Perl Programmers Reference Guide"
+.\" For nroff, turn off justification.  Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
+.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
+.if n .ad l
+.nh
+.SH NAME
+perlhpux \- Perl version 5 on Hewlett\-Packard Unix (HP\-UX) systems
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
+This document describes various features of HP's Unix operating system
+(HP-UX) that will affect how Perl version 5 (hereafter just Perl) is
+compiled and/or runs.
+.SS "Using perl as shipped with HP-UX"
+.IX Subsection "Using perl as shipped with HP-UX"
+Application release September 2001, HP-UX 11.00 is the first to ship
+with Perl. By the time it was perl\-5.6.1 in /opt/perl. The first
+occurrence is on CD 5012\-7954 and can be installed using
+.PP
+.Vb 1
+\&  swinstall \-s /cdrom perl
+.Ve
+.PP
+assuming you have mounted that CD on /cdrom.
+.PP
+That build was a portable hppa\-1.1 multithread build that supports large
+files compiled with gcc\-2.9\-hppa\-991112.
+.PP
+If you perform a new installation, then (a newer) Perl will be installed
+automatically.  Pre-installed HP-UX systems now have more recent versions
+of Perl and the updated modules.
+.PP
+The official (threaded) builds from HP, as they are shipped on the
+Application DVD/CD's are available on
+<http://www.software.hp.com/portal/swdepot/displayProductInfo.do?productNumber=PERL>
+for both PA-RISC and IPF (Itanium Processor Family). They are built
+with the HP ANSI-C compiler. Up till 5.8.8 that was done by ActiveState.
+.PP
+To see what version is included on the DVD (assumed here to be mounted
+on /cdrom), issue this command:
+.PP
+.Vb 6
+\&  # swlist \-s /cdrom perl
+\&  # perl           D.5.8.8.B  5.8.8 Perl Programming Language
+\&    perl.Perl5\-32  D.5.8.8.B  32\-bit 5.8.8 Perl Programming Language
+\&                                           with Extensions
+\&    perl.Perl5\-64  D.5.8.8.B  64\-bit 5.8.8 Perl Programming Language
+\&                                           with Extensions
+.Ve
+.PP
+To see what is installed on your system:
+.PP
+.Vb 10
+\&  # swlist \-R perl
+\&  # perl                    E.5.8.8.J  Perl Programming Language
+\&  # perl.Perl5\-32           E.5.8.8.J  32\-bit Perl Programming Language
+\&                                       with Extensions
+\&    perl.Perl5\-32.PERL\-MAN  E.5.8.8.J  32\-bit Perl Man Pages for IA
+\&    perl.Perl5\-32.PERL\-RUN  E.5.8.8.J  32\-bit Perl Binaries for IA
+\&  # perl.Perl5\-64           E.5.8.8.J  64\-bit Perl Programming Language
+\&                                       with Extensions
+\&    perl.Perl5\-64.PERL\-MAN  E.5.8.8.J  64\-bit Perl Man Pages for IA
+\&    perl.Perl5\-64.PERL\-RUN  E.5.8.8.J  64\-bit Perl Binaries for IA
+.Ve
+.SS "Using perl from HP's porting centre"
+.IX Subsection "Using perl from HP's porting centre"
+HP porting centre tries to keep up with customer demand and release
+updates from the Open Source community. Having precompiled Perl binaries
+available is obvious, though "up-to-date" is something relative. At the
+moment of writing perl\-5.10.1 and 5.28.0 were available.
+.PP
+The HP porting centres are limited in what systems they are allowed
+to port to and they usually choose the two most recent OS versions
+available.
+.PP
+HP has asked the porting centre to move Open Source binaries
+from /opt to /usr/local, so binaries produced since the start
+of July 2002 are located in /usr/local.
+.PP
+One of HP porting centres URL's is <http://hpux.connect.org.uk/>
+The port currently available is built with GNU gcc. As porting modern
+GNU gcc is extremely hard on HP-UX, they are stuck at version gcc\-4.2.3.
+.SS "Other prebuilt perl binaries"
+.IX Subsection "Other prebuilt perl binaries"
+To get more perl depots for the whole range of HP-UX, visit
+H.Merijn Brand's site at <http://mirrors.develooper.com/hpux/#Perl>.
+Carefully read the notes to see if the available versions suit your needs.
+.SS "Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX"
+.IX Subsection "Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX"
+When compiling Perl, you must use an ANSI C compiler.  The C compiler
+that ships with all HP-UX systems is a K&R compiler that should only be
+used to build new kernels.
+.PP
+Perl can be compiled with either HP's ANSI C compiler or with gcc.  The
+former is recommended, as not only can it compile Perl with no
+difficulty, but also can take advantage of features listed later that
+require the use of HP compiler-specific command-line flags.
+.PP
+If you decide to use gcc, make sure your installation is recent and
+complete, and be sure to read the Perl INSTALL file for more gcc-specific
+details.
+.SS PA-RISC
+.IX Subsection "PA-RISC"
+The last and final version of PA-RISC is 2.0, HP no longer sells any
+system with these CPU's.
+.PP
+HP's HP9000 Unix systems run on HP's own Precision Architecture
+(PA-RISC) chip.  HP-UX used to run on the Motorola MC68000 family of
+chips, but any machine with this chip in it is quite obsolete and this
+document will not attempt to address issues for compiling Perl on the
+Motorola chipset. Even though PA-RISC hardware is not sold anymore, a
+lot of machines still running on these CPU's can be found in the wild.
+.PP
+The last order date for HP 9000 systems was December 31, 2008.
+.PP
+HP PA-RISC systems are usually referred to with model description "HP 9000".
+The last CPU in this series is the PA\-8900.  Support for PA-RISC
+architectured machines officially ended as shown in the following table:
+.PP
+.Vb 10
+\&   PA\-RISC End\-of\-Life Roadmap
+\& +\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-+
+\& | HP9000 | Superdome      | PA\-8700        | Spring 2011     |
+\& | 4\-128  |                | PA\-8800/sx1000 | Summer 2012     |
+\& | cores  |                | PA\-8900/sx1000 | 2014            |
+\& |        |                | PA\-8900/sx2000 | 2015            |
+\& +\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-+
+\& | HP9000 | rp7410, rp8400 | PA\-8700        | Spring 2011     |
+\& | 2\-32   | rp7420, rp8420 | PA\-8800/sx1000 | 2012            |
+\& | cores  | rp7440, rp8440 | PA\-8900/sx1000 | Autumn 2013     |
+\& |        |                | PA\-8900/sx2000 | 2015            |
+\& +\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-+
+\& | HP9000 | rp44x0         | PA\-8700        | Spring 2011     |
+\& | 1\-8    |                | PA\-8800/rp44x0 | 2012            |
+\& | cores  |                | PA\-8900/rp44x0 | 2014            |
+\& +\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-+
+\& | HP9000 | rp34x0         | PA\-8700        | Spring 2011     |
+\& | 1\-4    |                | PA\-8800/rp34x0 | 2012            |
+\& | cores  |                | PA\-8900/rp34x0 | 2014            |
+\& +\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-+
+.Ve
+.PP
+A complete list of models at the time the OS was built is in the file
+/usr/sam/lib/mo/sched.models. The first column corresponds to the last
+part of the output of the "model" command.  The second column is the
+PA-RISC version and the third column is the exact chip type used.
+(Start browsing at the bottom to prevent confusion ;\-)
+.PP
+.Vb 4
+\&  # model
+\&  9000/800/L1000\-44
+\&  # grep L1000\-44 /usr/sam/lib/mo/sched.models
+\&  L1000\-44        2.0     PA8500
+.Ve
+.SS "PA-RISC 1.0"
+.IX Subsection "PA-RISC 1.0"
+The original version of PA-RISC, HP no longer sells any system with this chip.
+.PP
+The following systems contained PA-RISC 1.0 chips:
+.PP
+.Vb 2
+\&  600, 635, 645, 808, 815, 822, 825, 832, 834, 835, 840, 842, 845, 850,
+\&  852, 855, 860, 865, 870, 890
+.Ve
+.SS "PA-RISC 1.1"
+.IX Subsection "PA-RISC 1.1"
+An upgrade to the PA-RISC design, it shipped for many years in many different
+system.
+.PP
+The following systems contain with PA-RISC 1.1 chips:
+.PP
+.Vb 10
+\&  705, 710, 712, 715, 720, 722, 725, 728, 730, 735, 742, 743, 744, 745,
+\&  747, 750, 755, 770, 777, 778, 779, 800, 801, 803, 806, 807, 809, 811,
+\&  813, 816, 817, 819, 821, 826, 827, 829, 831, 837, 839, 841, 847, 849,
+\&  851, 856, 857, 859, 867, 869, 877, 887, 891, 892, 897, A180, A180C,
+\&  B115, B120, B132L, B132L+, B160L, B180L, C100, C110, C115, C120,
+\&  C160L, D200, D210, D220, D230, D250, D260, D310, D320, D330, D350,
+\&  D360, D410, DX0, DX5, DXO, E25, E35, E45, E55, F10, F20, F30, G30,
+\&  G40, G50, G60, G70, H20, H30, H40, H50, H60, H70, I30, I40, I50, I60,
+\&  I70, J200, J210, J210XC, K100, K200, K210, K220, K230, K400, K410,
+\&  K420, S700i, S715, S744, S760, T500, T520
+.Ve
+.SS "PA-RISC 2.0"
+.IX Subsection "PA-RISC 2.0"
+The most recent upgrade to the PA-RISC design, it added support for
+64\-bit integer data.
+.PP
+As of the date of this document's last update, the following systems
+contain PA-RISC 2.0 chips:
+.PP
+.Vb 8
+\&  700, 780, 781, 782, 783, 785, 802, 804, 810, 820, 861, 871, 879, 889,
+\&  893, 895, 896, 898, 899, A400, A500, B1000, B2000, C130, C140, C160,
+\&  C180, C180+, C180\-XP, C200+, C400+, C3000, C360, C3600, CB260, D270,
+\&  D280, D370, D380, D390, D650, J220, J2240, J280, J282, J400, J410,
+\&  J5000, J5500XM, J5600, J7000, J7600, K250, K260, K260\-EG, K270, K360,
+\&  K370, K380, K450, K460, K460\-EG, K460\-XP, K470, K570, K580, L1000,
+\&  L2000, L3000, N4000, R380, R390, SD16000, SD32000, SD64000, T540,
+\&  T600, V2000, V2200, V2250, V2500, V2600
+.Ve
+.PP
+Just before HP took over Compaq, some systems were renamed. the link
+that contained the explanation is dead, so here's a short summary:
+.PP
+.Vb 3
+\&  HP 9000 A\-Class servers, now renamed HP Server rp2400 series.
+\&  HP 9000 L\-Class servers, now renamed HP Server rp5400 series.
+\&  HP 9000 N\-Class servers, now renamed HP Server rp7400.
+\&
+\&  rp2400, rp2405, rp2430, rp2450, rp2470, rp3410, rp3440, rp4410,
+\&  rp4440, rp5400, rp5405, rp5430, rp5450, rp5470, rp7400, rp7405,
+\&  rp7410, rp7420, rp7440, rp8400, rp8420, rp8440, Superdome
+.Ve
+.PP
+The current naming convention is:
+.PP
+.Vb 10
+\&  aadddd
+\&  ||||\`+\- 00 \- 99 relative capacity & newness (upgrades, etc.)
+\&  |||\`\-\-\- unique number for each architecture to ensure different
+\&  |||     systems do not have the same numbering across
+\&  |||     architectures
+\&  ||\`\-\-\-\- 1 \- 9 identifies family and/or relative positioning
+\&  ||
+\&  |\`\-\-\-\-\- c = ia32 (cisc)
+\&  |       p = pa\-risc
+\&  |       x = ia\-64 (Itanium & Itanium 2)
+\&  |       h = housing
+\&  \`\-\-\-\-\-\- t = tower
+\&          r = rack optimized
+\&          s = super scalable
+\&          b = blade
+\&          sa = appliance
+.Ve
+.SS "Portability Between PA-RISC Versions"
+.IX Subsection "Portability Between PA-RISC Versions"
+An executable compiled on a PA-RISC 2.0 platform will not execute on a
+PA-RISC 1.1 platform, even if they are running the same version of
+HP-UX.  If you are building Perl on a PA-RISC 2.0 platform and want that
+Perl to also run on a PA-RISC 1.1, the compiler flags +DAportable and
++DS32 should be used.
+.PP
+It is no longer possible to compile PA-RISC 1.0 executables on either
+the PA-RISC 1.1 or 2.0 platforms.  The command-line flags are accepted,
+but the resulting executable will not run when transferred to a PA-RISC
+1.0 system.
+.SS "Itanium Processor Family (IPF) and HP-UX"
+.IX Subsection "Itanium Processor Family (IPF) and HP-UX"
+HP-UX also runs on the newer Itanium processor.  This requires the use
+of HP-UX version 11.23 (11i v2) or 11.31 (11i v3), and with the exception
+of a few differences detailed below and in later sections, Perl should
+compile with no problems.
+.PP
+Although PA-RISC binaries can run on Itanium systems, you should not
+attempt to use a PA-RISC version of Perl on an Itanium system.  This is
+because shared libraries created on an Itanium system cannot be loaded
+while running a PA-RISC executable.
+.PP
+HP Itanium 2 systems are usually referred to with model description
+"HP Integrity".
+.SS "Itanium, Itanium 2 & Madison 6"
+.IX Subsection "Itanium, Itanium 2 & Madison 6"
+HP also ships servers with the 128\-bit Itanium processor(s). The cx26x0
+is told to have Madison 6. As of the date of this document's last update,
+the following systems contain Itanium or Itanium 2 chips (this is likely
+to be out of date):
+.PP
+.Vb 4
+\&  BL60p, BL860c, BL870c, BL890c, cx2600, cx2620, rx1600, rx1620, rx2600,
+\&  rx2600hptc, rx2620, rx2660, rx2800, rx3600, rx4610, rx4640, rx5670,
+\&  rx6600, rx7420, rx7620, rx7640, rx8420, rx8620, rx8640, rx9610,
+\&  sx1000, sx2000
+.Ve
+.PP
+To see all about your machine, type
+.PP
+.Vb 3
+\&  # model
+\&  ia64 hp server rx2600
+\&  # /usr/contrib/bin/machinfo
+.Ve
+.SS "HP-UX versions"
+.IX Subsection "HP-UX versions"
+Not all architectures (PA = PA-RISC, IPF = Itanium Processor Family)
+support all versions of HP-UX, here is a short list
+.PP
+.Vb 8
+\&  HP\-UX version  Kernel  Architecture End\-of\-factory support
+\&  \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-  \-\-\-\-\-\-  \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\- \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-
+\&  10.20          32 bit  PA           30\-Jun\-2003
+\&  11.00          32/64   PA           31\-Dec\-2006
+\&  11.11  11i v1  32/64   PA           31\-Dec\-2015
+\&  11.22  11i v2     64        IPF     30\-Apr\-2004
+\&  11.23  11i v2     64   PA & IPF     31\-Dec\-2015
+\&  11.31  11i v3     64   PA & IPF     31\-Dec\-2020 (PA) 31\-Dec\-2025 (IPF)
+.Ve
+.PP
+See for the full list of hardware/OS support and expected end-of-life
+<https://h20195.www2.hpe.com/V2/getpdf.aspx/4AA4\-7673ENW.pdf>
+.SS "Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX"
+.IX Subsection "Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX"
+HP-UX supports dynamically loadable libraries (shared libraries).
+Shared libraries end with the suffix .sl.  On Itanium systems,
+they end with the suffix .so.
+.PP
+Shared libraries created on a platform using a particular PA-RISC
+version are not usable on platforms using an earlier PA-RISC version by
+default.  However, this backwards compatibility may be enabled using the
+same +DAportable compiler flag (with the same PA-RISC 1.0 caveat
+mentioned above).
+.PP
+Shared libraries created on an Itanium platform cannot be loaded on
+a PA-RISC platform.  Shared libraries created on a PA-RISC platform
+can only be loaded on an Itanium platform if it is a PA-RISC executable
+that is attempting to load the PA-RISC library.  A PA-RISC shared
+library cannot be loaded into an Itanium executable nor vice-versa.
+.PP
+To create a shared library, the following steps must be performed:
+.PP
+.Vb 4
+\&  1. Compile source modules with +z or +Z flag to create a .o module
+\&     which contains Position\-Independent Code (PIC).  The linker will
+\&     tell you in the next step if +Z was needed.
+\&     (For gcc, the appropriate flag is \-fpic or \-fPIC.)
+\&
+\&  2. Link the shared library using the \-b flag.  If the code calls
+\&     any functions in other system libraries (e.g., libm), it must
+\&     be included on this line.
+.Ve
+.PP
+(Note that these steps are usually handled automatically by the extension's
+Makefile).
+.PP
+If these dependent libraries are not listed at shared library creation
+time, you will get fatal "Unresolved symbol" errors at run time when the
+library is loaded.
+.PP
+You may create a shared library that refers to another library, which
+may be either an archive library or a shared library.  If this second
+library is a shared library, this is called a "dependent library".  The
+dependent library's name is recorded in the main shared library, but it
+is not linked into the shared library.  Instead, it is loaded when the
+main shared library is loaded.  This can cause problems if you build an
+extension on one system and move it to another system where the
+libraries may not be located in the same place as on the first system.
+.PP
+If the referred library is an archive library, then it is treated as a
+simple collection of .o modules (all of which must contain PIC).  These
+modules are then linked into the shared library.
+.PP
+Note that it is okay to create a library which contains a dependent
+library that is already linked into perl.
+.PP
+Some extensions, like DB_File and Compress::Zlib use/require prebuilt
+libraries for the perl extensions/modules to work. If these libraries
+are built using the default configuration, it might happen that you
+run into an error like "invalid loader fixup" during load phase.
+HP is aware of this problem.  Search the HP-UX cxx-dev forums for
+discussions about the subject.  The short answer is that \fBeverything\fR
+(all libraries, everything) must be compiled with \f(CW\*(C`+z\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`+Z\*(C'\fR to be
+PIC (position independent code).  (For gcc, that would be
+\&\f(CW\*(C`\-fpic\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`\-fPIC\*(C'\fR).  In HP-UX 11.00 or newer the linker
+error message should tell the name of the offending object file.
+.PP
+A more general approach is to intervene manually, as with an example for
+the DB_File module, which requires SleepyCat's libdb.sl:
+.PP
+.Vb 7
+\&  # cd .../db\-3.2.9/build_unix
+\&  # vi Makefile
+\&  ... add +Z to all cflags to create shared objects
+\&  CFLAGS=         \-c $(CPPFLAGS) +Z \-Ae +O2 +Onolimit \e
+\&                  \-I/usr/local/include \-I/usr/include/X11R6
+\&  CXXFLAGS=       \-c $(CPPFLAGS) +Z \-Ae +O2 +Onolimit \e
+\&                  \-I/usr/local/include \-I/usr/include/X11R6
+\&
+\&  # make clean
+\&  # make
+\&  # mkdir tmp
+\&  # cd tmp
+\&  # ar x ../libdb.a
+\&  # ld \-b \-o libdb\-3.2.sl *.o
+\&  # mv libdb\-3.2.sl /usr/local/lib
+\&  # rm *.o
+\&  # cd /usr/local/lib
+\&  # rm \-f libdb.sl
+\&  # ln \-s libdb\-3.2.sl libdb.sl
+\&
+\&  # cd .../DB_File\-1.76
+\&  # make distclean
+\&  # perl Makefile.PL
+\&  # make
+\&  # make test
+\&  # make install
+.Ve
+.PP
+As of db\-4.2.x it is no longer needed to do this by hand. Sleepycat
+has changed the configuration process to add +z on HP-UX automatically.
+.PP
+.Vb 2
+\&  # cd .../db\-4.2.25/build_unix
+\&  # env CFLAGS=+DD64 LDFLAGS=+DD64 ../dist/configure
+.Ve
+.PP
+should work to generate 64bit shared libraries for HP-UX 11.00 and 11i.
+.PP
+It is no longer possible to link PA-RISC 1.0 shared libraries (even
+though the command-line flags are still present).
+.PP
+PA-RISC and Itanium object files are not interchangeable.  Although
+you may be able to use ar to create an archive library of PA-RISC
+object files on an Itanium system, you cannot link against it using
+an Itanium link editor.
+.SS "The HP ANSI C Compiler"
+.IX Subsection "The HP ANSI C Compiler"
+When using this compiler to build Perl, you should make sure that the
+flag \-Aa is added to the cpprun and cppstdin variables in the config.sh
+file (though see the section on 64\-bit perl below). If you are using a
+recent version of the Perl distribution, these flags are set automatically.
+.PP
+Even though HP-UX 10.20 and 11.00 are not actively maintained by HP
+anymore, updates for the HP ANSI C compiler are still available from
+time to time, and it might be advisable to see if updates are applicable.
+At the moment of writing, the latests available patches for 11.00 that
+should be applied are PHSS_35098, PHSS_35175, PHSS_35100, PHSS_33036,
+and PHSS_33902). If you have a SUM account, you can use it to search
+for updates/patches. Enter "ANSI" as keyword.
+.SS "The GNU C Compiler"
+.IX Subsection "The GNU C Compiler"
+When you are going to use the GNU C compiler (gcc), and you don't have
+gcc yet, you can either build it yourself (if you feel masochistic enough)
+from the sources (available from e.g. <http://gcc.gnu.org/mirrors.html>)
+or fetch a prebuilt binary from the HP porting center at
+<http://hpux.connect.org.uk/hppd/cgi\-bin/search?term=gcc&Search=Search>
+or from the DSPP (you need to be a member) at
+<http://h21007.www2.hp.com/portal/site/dspp/menuitem.863c3e4cbcdc3f3515b49c108973a801?ciid=2a08725cc2f02110725cc2f02110275d6e10RCRD&jumpid=reg_r1002_usen_c\-001_title_r0001>
+(Browse through the list, because there are often multiple versions of
+the same package available).
+.PP
+Most mentioned distributions are depots. H.Merijn Brand has made prebuilt
+gcc binaries available on <http://mirrors.develooper.com/hpux/> and/or
+<http://www.cmve.net/~merijn/> for HP-UX 10.20 (only 32bit), HP-UX 11.00,
+HP-UX 11.11 (HP-UX 11i v1), and HP-UX 11.23 (HP-UX 11i v2 PA-RISC) in both
+32\- and 64\-bit versions. For HP-UX 11.23 IPF and HP-UX 11.31 IPF depots are
+available too. The IPF versions do not need two versions of GNU gcc.
+.PP
+On PA-RISC you need a different compiler for 32\-bit applications and for
+64\-bit applications. On PA-RISC, 32\-bit objects and 64\-bit objects do
+not mix. Period. There is no different behaviour for HP C\-ANSI-C or GNU
+gcc. So if you require your perl binary to use 64\-bit libraries, like
+Oracle\-64bit, you MUST build a 64\-bit perl.
+.PP
+Building a 64\-bit capable gcc on PA-RISC from source is possible only when
+you have the HP C\-ANSI C compiler or an already working 64\-bit binary of
+gcc available. Best performance for perl is achieved with HP's native
+compiler.
+.SS "Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX"
+.IX Subsection "Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX"
+Beginning with HP-UX version 10.20, files larger than 2GB (2^31 bytes)
+may be created and manipulated.  Three separate methods of doing this
+are available.  Of these methods, the best method for Perl is to compile
+using the \-Duselargefiles flag to Configure.  This causes Perl to be
+compiled using structures and functions in which these are 64 bits wide,
+rather than 32 bits wide.  (Note that this will only work with HP's ANSI
+C compiler.  If you want to compile Perl using gcc, you will have to get
+a version of the compiler that supports 64\-bit operations. See above for
+where to find it.)
+.PP
+There are some drawbacks to this approach.  One is that any extension
+which calls any file-manipulating C function will need to be recompiled
+(just follow the usual "perl Makefile.PL; make; make test; make install"
+procedure).
+.PP
+The list of functions that will need to recompiled is:
+  creat,          fgetpos,        fopen,
+  freopen,        fsetpos,        fstat,
+  fstatvfs,       fstatvfsdev,    ftruncate,
+  ftw,            lockf,          lseek,
+  lstat,          mmap,           nftw,
+  open,           prealloc,       stat,
+  statvfs,        statvfsdev,     tmpfile,
+  truncate,       getrlimit,      setrlimit
+.PP
+Another drawback is only valid for Perl versions before 5.6.0.  This
+drawback is that the seek and tell functions (both the builtin version
+and POSIX module version) will not perform correctly.
+.PP
+It is strongly recommended that you use this flag when you run
+Configure.  If you do not do this, but later answer the question about
+large files when Configure asks you, you may get a configuration that
+cannot be compiled, or that does not function as expected.
+.SS "Threaded Perl on HP-UX"
+.IX Subsection "Threaded Perl on HP-UX"
+It is possible to compile a version of threaded Perl on any version of
+HP-UX before 10.30, but it is strongly suggested that you be running on
+HP-UX 11.00 at least.
+.PP
+To compile Perl with threads, add \-Dusethreads to the arguments of
+Configure.  Verify that the \-D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=199506L compiler flag is
+automatically added to the list of flags.  Also make sure that \-lpthread
+is listed before \-lc in the list of libraries to link Perl with. The
+hints provided for HP-UX during Configure will try very hard to get
+this right for you.
+.PP
+HP-UX versions before 10.30 require a separate installation of a POSIX
+threads library package. Two examples are the HP DCE package, available
+on "HP-UX Hardware Extensions 3.0, Install and Core OS, Release 10.20,
+April 1999 (B3920\-13941)" or the Freely available PTH package, available
+on H.Merijn's site (<http://mirrors.develooper.com/hpux/>). The use of PTH
+will be unsupported in perl\-5.12 and up and is rather buggy in 5.11.x.
+.PP
+If you are going to use the HP DCE package, the library used for threading
+is /usr/lib/libcma.sl, but there have been multiple updates of that
+library over time. Perl will build with the first version, but it
+will not pass the test suite. Older Oracle versions might be a compelling
+reason not to update that library, otherwise please find a newer version
+in one of the following patches: PHSS_19739, PHSS_20608, or PHSS_23672
+.PP
+reformatted output:
+.PP
+.Vb 10
+\&  d3:/usr/lib 106 > what libcma\-*.1
+\&  libcma\-00000.1:
+\&     HP DCE/9000 1.5               Module: libcma.sl (Export)
+\&                                   Date: Apr 29 1996 22:11:24
+\&  libcma\-19739.1:
+\&     HP DCE/9000 1.5 PHSS_19739\-40 Module: libcma.sl (Export)
+\&                                   Date: Sep  4 1999 01:59:07
+\&  libcma\-20608.1:
+\&     HP DCE/9000 1.5 PHSS_20608    Module: libcma.1 (Export)
+\&                                   Date: Dec  8 1999 18:41:23
+\&  libcma\-23672.1:
+\&     HP DCE/9000 1.5 PHSS_23672    Module: libcma.1 (Export)
+\&                                   Date: Apr  9 2001 10:01:06
+\&  d3:/usr/lib 107 >
+.Ve
+.PP
+If you choose for the PTH package, use swinstall to install pth in
+the default location (/opt/pth), and then make symbolic links to the
+libraries from /usr/lib
+.PP
+.Vb 2
+\&  # cd /usr/lib
+\&  # ln \-s /opt/pth/lib/libpth* .
+.Ve
+.PP
+For building perl to support Oracle, it needs to be linked with libcl
+and libpthread. So even if your perl is an unthreaded build, these
+libraries might be required. See "Oracle on HP-UX" below.
+.SS "64\-bit Perl on HP-UX"
+.IX Subsection "64-bit Perl on HP-UX"
+Beginning with HP-UX 11.00, programs compiled under HP-UX can take
+advantage of the LP64 programming environment (LP64 means Longs and
+Pointers are 64 bits wide), in which scalar variables will be able
+to hold numbers larger than 2^32 with complete precision.  Perl has
+proven to be consistent and reliable in 64bit mode since 5.8.1 on
+all HP-UX 11.xx.
+.PP
+As of the date of this document, Perl is fully 64\-bit compliant on
+HP-UX 11.00 and up for both cc\- and gcc builds. If you are about to
+build a 64\-bit perl with GNU gcc, please read the gcc section carefully.
+.PP
+Should a user have the need for compiling Perl in the LP64 environment,
+use the \-Duse64bitall flag to Configure.  This will force Perl to be
+compiled in a pure LP64 environment (with the +DD64 flag for HP C\-ANSI-C,
+with no additional options for GNU gcc 64\-bit on PA-RISC, and with
+\&\-mlp64 for GNU gcc on Itanium).
+If you want to compile Perl using gcc, you will have to get a version of
+the compiler that supports 64\-bit operations.)
+.PP
+You can also use the \-Duse64bitint flag to Configure.  Although there
+are some minor differences between compiling Perl with this flag versus
+the \-Duse64bitall flag, they should not be noticeable from a Perl user's
+perspective. When configuring \-Duse64bitint using a 64bit gcc on a
+pa-risc architecture, \-Duse64bitint is silently promoted to \-Duse64bitall.
+.PP
+In both cases, it is strongly recommended that you use these flags when
+you run Configure.  If you do not use do this, but later answer the
+questions about 64\-bit numbers when Configure asks you, you may get a
+configuration that cannot be compiled, or that does not function as
+expected.
+.SS "Oracle on HP-UX"
+.IX Subsection "Oracle on HP-UX"
+Using perl to connect to Oracle databases through DBI and DBD::Oracle
+has caused a lot of people many headaches. Read README.hpux in the
+DBD::Oracle for much more information. The reason to mention it here
+is that Oracle requires a perl built with libcl and libpthread, the
+latter even when perl is build without threads. Building perl using
+all defaults, but still enabling to build DBD::Oracle later on can be
+achieved using
+.PP
+.Vb 1
+\&  Configure \-A prepend:libswanted=\*(Aqcl pthread \*(Aq ...
+.Ve
+.PP
+Do not forget the space before the trailing quote.
+.PP
+Also note that this does not (yet) work with all configurations,
+it is known to fail with 64\-bit versions of GCC.
+.SS "GDBM and Threads on HP-UX"
+.IX Subsection "GDBM and Threads on HP-UX"
+If you attempt to compile Perl with (POSIX) threads on an 11.X system
+and also link in the GDBM library, then Perl will immediately core dump
+when it starts up.  The only workaround at this point is to relink the
+GDBM library under 11.X, then relink it into Perl.
+.PP
+the error might show something like:
+.PP
+Pthread internal error: message: _\|\fB_libc_reinit()\fR failed, file: ../pthreads/pthread.c, line: 1096
+Return Pointer is 0xc082bf33
+sh: 5345 Quit(coredump)
+.PP
+and Configure will give up.
+.SS "NFS filesystems and \fButime\fP\|(2) on HP-UX"
+.IX Subsection "NFS filesystems and utime on HP-UX"
+If you are compiling Perl on a remotely-mounted NFS filesystem, the test
+io/fs.t may fail on test #18.  This appears to be a bug in HP-UX and no
+fix is currently available.
+.SS "HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl"
+.IX Subsection "HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl"
+By default, HP-UX comes configured with a maximum data segment size of
+64MB.  This is too small to correctly compile Perl with the maximum
+optimization levels.  You can increase the size of the maxdsiz kernel
+parameter through the use of SAM.
+.PP
+When using the GUI version of SAM, click on the Kernel Configuration
+icon, then the Configurable Parameters icon.  Scroll down and select
+the maxdsiz line.  From the Actions menu, select the Modify Configurable
+Parameter item.  Insert the new formula into the Formula/Value box.
+Then follow the instructions to rebuild your kernel and reboot your
+system.
+.PP
+In general, a value of 256MB (or "256*1024*1024") is sufficient for
+Perl to compile at maximum optimization.
+.SH "nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent"
+.IX Header "nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent"
+You may get a bus error core dump from the op/pwent or op/grent
+tests. If compiled with \-g you will see a stack trace much like
+the following:
+.PP
+.Vb 10
+\&  #0  0xc004216c in  () from /usr/lib/libc.2
+\&  #1  0xc00d7550 in _\|_nss_src_state_destr () from /usr/lib/libc.2
+\&  #2  0xc00d7768 in _\|_nss_src_state_destr () from /usr/lib/libc.2
+\&  #3  0xc00d78a8 in nss_delete () from /usr/lib/libc.2
+\&  #4  0xc01126d8 in endpwent () from /usr/lib/libc.2
+\&  #5  0xd1950 in Perl_pp_epwent () from ./perl
+\&  #6  0x94d3c in Perl_runops_standard () from ./perl
+\&  #7  0x23728 in S_run_body () from ./perl
+\&  #8  0x23428 in perl_run () from ./perl
+\&  #9  0x2005c in main () from ./perl
+.Ve
+.PP
+The key here is the \f(CW\*(C`nss_delete\*(C'\fR call.  One workaround for this
+bug seems to be to create add to the file \fI/etc/nsswitch.conf\fR
+(at least) the following lines
+.PP
+.Vb 2
+\&  group: files
+\&  passwd: files
+.Ve
+.PP
+Whether you are using NIS does not matter.  Amazingly enough,
+the same bug also affects Solaris.
+.SH "error: pasting "")"" and ""l"" does not give a valid preprocessing token"
+.IX Header "error: pasting "")"" and ""l"" does not give a valid preprocessing token"
+There seems to be a broken system header file in HP-UX 11.00 that
+breaks perl building in 32bit mode with GNU gcc\-4.x causing this
+error. The same file for HP-UX 11.11 (even though the file is older)
+does not show this failure, and has the correct definition, so the
+best fix is to patch the header to match:
+.PP
+.Vb 9
+\& \-\-\- /usr/include/inttypes.h  2001\-04\-20 18:42:14 +0200
+\& +++ /usr/include/inttypes.h  2000\-11\-14 09:00:00 +0200
+\& @@ \-72,7 +72,7 @@
+\&  #define UINT32_C(_\|_c)                   _\|_CONCAT_U_\|_(_\|_c)
+\&  #else /* _\|_LP64 */
+\&  #define INT32_C(_\|_c)                    _\|_CONCAT_\|_(_\|_c,l)
+\& \-#define UINT32_C(_\|_c)                   _\|_CONCAT_\|_(_\|_CONCAT_U_\|_(_\|_c),l)
+\& +#define UINT32_C(_\|_c)                   _\|_CONCAT_\|_(_\|_c,ul)
+\&  #endif /* _\|_LP64 */
+\&
+\&  #define INT64_C(_\|_c)                    _\|_CONCAT_L_\|_(_\|_c,l)
+.Ve
+.SH "Redeclaration of ""sendpath"" with a different storage class specifier"
+.IX Header "Redeclaration of ""sendpath"" with a different storage class specifier"
+The following compilation warnings may happen in HP-UX releases
+earlier than 11.31 but are harmless:
+.PP
+.Vb 6
+\& cc: "/usr/include/sys/socket.h", line 535: warning 562:
+\&    Redeclaration of "sendfile" with a different storage class
+\&    specifier: "sendfile" will have internal linkage.
+\& cc: "/usr/include/sys/socket.h", line 536: warning 562:
+\&    Redeclaration of "sendpath" with a different storage class
+\&    specifier: "sendpath" will have internal linkage.
+.Ve
+.PP
+They seem to be caused by broken system header files, and also other
+open source projects are seeing them.  The following HP-UX patches
+should make the warnings go away:
+.PP
+.Vb 2
+\&  CR JAGae12001: PHNE_27063
+\&  Warning 562 on sys/socket.h due to redeclaration of prototypes
+\&
+\&  CR JAGae16787:
+\&  Warning 562 from socket.h sendpath/sendfile \-D_FILEFFSET_BITS=64
+\&
+\&  CR JAGae73470 (11.23)
+\&  ER: Compiling socket.h with cc \-D_FILEFFSET_BITS=64 warning 267/562
+.Ve
+.SH Miscellaneous
+.IX Header "Miscellaneous"
+HP-UX 11 Y2K patch "Y2K\-1100 B.11.00.B0125 HP-UX Core OS Year 2000
+Patch Bundle" has been reported to break the io/fs test #18 which
+tests whether \fButime()\fR can change timestamps.  The Y2K patch seems to
+break \fButime()\fR so that over NFS the timestamps do not get changed
+(on local filesystems \fButime()\fR still works). This has probably been
+fixed on your system by now.
+.SH AUTHOR
+.IX Header "AUTHOR"
+H.Merijn Brand <h.m.brand@xs4all.nl>
+Jeff Okamoto <okamoto@corp.hp.com>
+.PP
+With much assistance regarding shared libraries from Marc Sabatella.