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diff --git a/po/fr/man2/userfaultfd.2.po b/po/fr/man2/userfaultfd.2.po new file mode 100644 index 00000000..fb13e3bf --- /dev/null +++ b/po/fr/man2/userfaultfd.2.po @@ -0,0 +1,3509 @@ +# French translation of manpages +# This file is distributed under the same license as the manpages-l10n package. +# Copyright © of this file: +# Christophe Blaess <https://www.blaess.fr/christophe/>, 1996-2003. +# Stéphan Rafin <stephan.rafin@laposte.net>, 2002. +# Thierry Vignaud <tvignaud@mandriva.com>, 1999, 2002. +# François Micaux, 2002. +# Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>, 2003-2008. +# Jean-Philippe Guérard <fevrier@tigreraye.org>, 2005-2006. +# Jean-Luc Coulon (f5ibh) <jean-luc.coulon@wanadoo.fr>, 2006-2007. +# Julien Cristau <jcristau@debian.org>, 2006-2007. +# Thomas Huriaux <thomas.huriaux@gmail.com>, 2006-2008. +# Nicolas François <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net>, 2006-2008. +# Florentin Duneau <fduneau@gmail.com>, 2006-2010. +# Simon Paillard <simon.paillard@resel.enst-bretagne.fr>, 2006, 2013, 2014. +# Denis Barbier <barbier@debian.org>, 2006, 2010, 2011. +# David Prévot <david@tilapin.org>, 2010, 2012-2014. +# Jean-Pierre Giraud <jean-pierregiraud@neuf.fr>, 2024. +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: manpages-l10n\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-03-01 17:12+0100\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2024-01-23 22:37+0100\n" +"Last-Translator: Jean-Pierre Giraud <jean-pierregiraud@neuf.fr>\n" +"Language-Team: French <debian-l10n-french@lists.debian.org>\n" +"Language: fr\n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=n > 1;\n" +"X-Generator: Lokalize 22.12.1\n" + +#. type: TH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "userfaultfd" +msgstr "userfaultfd" + +#. type: TH +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#, no-wrap +msgid "2024-02-12" +msgstr "12 février 2024" + +#. type: TH +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#, no-wrap +msgid "Linux man-pages 6.06" +msgstr "Pages du manuel de Linux 6.06" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "NAME" +msgstr "NOM" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"userfaultfd - create a file descriptor for handling page faults in user space" +msgstr "" +"userfaultfd - Créer un descripteur de fichier pour gérer les erreurs de page " +"en espace utilisateur" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "LIBRARY" +msgstr "BIBLIOTHÈQUE" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Standard C library (I<libc>, I<-lc>)" +msgstr "Bibliothèque C standard (I<libc>, I<-lc>)" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "SYNOPSIS" +msgstr "SYNOPSIS" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"B<#include E<lt>fcntl.hE<gt>> /* Definition of B<O_*> constants */\n" +"B<#include E<lt>sys/syscall.hE<gt>> /* Definition of B<SYS_*> constants */\n" +"B<#include E<lt>linux/userfaultfd.hE<gt>> /* Definition of B<UFFD_*> constants */\n" +"B<#include E<lt>unistd.hE<gt>>\n" +msgstr "" +"B<#include E<lt>fcntl.hE<gt>> /* Définition des constantes B<O_*> */\n" +"B<#include E<lt>sys/syscall.hE<gt>> /* Définition des constantes B<SYS_*> */\n" +"B<#include E<lt>linux/userfaultfd.hE<gt>> /* Définition des constantes B<UFFD_*> */\n" +"B<#include E<lt>unistd.hE<gt>>\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<int syscall(SYS_userfaultfd, int >I<flags>B<);>\n" +msgstr "B<int syscall(SYS_userfaultfd, int >I<flags>B<);>\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"I<Note>: glibc provides no wrapper for B<userfaultfd>(), necessitating the " +"use of B<syscall>(2)." +msgstr "" +"I<Note> : la glibc ne fournit pas d'enveloppe pour B<userfaultfd>(), " +"imposant l'utilisation de B<syscall>(2)." + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "DESCRIPTION" +msgstr "DESCRIPTION" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"B<userfaultfd>() creates a new userfaultfd object that can be used for " +"delegation of page-fault handling to a user-space application, and returns a " +"file descriptor that refers to the new object. The new userfaultfd object " +"is configured using B<ioctl>(2)." +msgstr "" +"B<userfaultfd>() crée un nouvel objet userfaultfd qui peut être utilisé pour " +"la délégation de la gestion des erreurs de page à une application de " +"l'espace utilisateur et renvoie un descripteur de fichier qui fait référence " +"au nouvel objet. Le nouvel objet userfaultfd est configuré en utilisant " +"B<ioctl>(2)." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Once the userfaultfd object is configured, the application can use " +"B<read>(2) to receive userfaultfd notifications. The reads from " +"userfaultfd may be blocking or non-blocking, depending on the value of " +"I<flags> used for the creation of the userfaultfd or subsequent calls to " +"B<fcntl>(2)." +msgstr "" +"Une fois l'objet userfaultfd configuré, l'application peut utiliser " +"B<read>(2) pour recevoir des notification d'userfaultfd. Les lectures à " +"partir d'userfaultfd peuvent être bloquantes ou non bloquantes en fonction " +"de la valeur des attributs (I<flags>) utilisés pour la création de " +"l'userfaultfd ou des appels suivants à B<fcntl>(2)." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The following values may be bitwise ORed in I<flags> to change the behavior " +"of B<userfaultfd>():" +msgstr "" +"Les valeurs suivantes peuvent être combinées dans I<flags> par un OU binaire " +"pour modifier le comportement d'B<userfaultfd>() :" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<O_CLOEXEC>" +msgstr "B<O_CLOEXEC>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Enable the close-on-exec flag for the new userfaultfd file descriptor. See " +"the description of the B<O_CLOEXEC> flag in B<open>(2)." +msgstr "" +"Activer l'attribut close-on-exec pour le nouveau descripteur de fichier " +"userfaultfd. Consultez la description de l'attribut B<O_CLOEXEC> dans " +"B<open>(2)." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<O_NONBLOCK>" +msgstr "B<O_NONBLOCK>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Enables non-blocking operation for the userfaultfd object. See the " +"description of the B<O_NONBLOCK> flag in B<open>(2)." +msgstr "" +"Permettre une opération non bloquante pour l'objet userfaultfd. Voir la " +"description de l'attribut B<O_NONBLOCK> dans B<open>(2)." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<UFFD_USER_MODE_ONLY>" +msgstr "B<UFFD_USER_MODE_ONLY>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"This is an userfaultfd-specific flag that was introduced in Linux 5.11. " +"When set, the userfaultfd object will only be able to handle page faults " +"originated from the user space on the registered regions. When a kernel-" +"originated fault was triggered on the registered range with this " +"userfaultfd, a B<SIGBUS> signal will be delivered." +msgstr "" +"C'est un attribut spécifique à userfaultfd qui a été introduit dans Linux\\ " +"5.11. Quand il est défini, l'objet userfaultfd ne pourra gérer que les " +"erreurs de page provenant de l'espace utilisateur dans les régions " +"enregistrées. Quand une erreur provenant du noyau est déclenchée dans " +"l'intervalle enregistré avec cet userfaultfd, un signal B<SIGBUS> sera " +"envoyé." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"When the last file descriptor referring to a userfaultfd object is closed, " +"all memory ranges that were registered with the object are unregistered and " +"unread events are flushed." +msgstr "" +"Quand le dernier descripteur de fichier faisant référence à un objet " +"userfaultfd est fermé, tous les intervalles de mémoire qui ont été " +"enregistrés avec l'objet sont désenregistrés et les événements non lus sont " +"vidés." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Userfaultfd supports three modes of registration:" +msgstr "Userfaultfd gère trois modes d'enregistrement :" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING> (since Linux 4.10)" +msgstr "B<UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING> (depuis Linux 4.10)" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"When registered with B<UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING> mode, user-space will " +"receive a page-fault notification when a missing page is accessed. The " +"faulted thread will be stopped from execution until the page fault is " +"resolved from user-space by either an B<UFFDIO_COPY> or an " +"B<UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE> ioctl." +msgstr "" +"Quand il est enregistré avec le mode B<UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING>, " +"l'espace utilisateur recevra une notification d'erreur de page lors de " +"l'accès à une page manquante. L'exécution du thread fautif sera arrêtée " +"jusqu'à ce que l'erreur de page soit résolue à partir de l'espace " +"utilisateur par un ioctl B<UFFDIO_COPY> ou B<UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE>." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MINOR> (since Linux 5.13)" +msgstr "B<UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MINOR> (depuis Linux 5.13)" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"When registered with B<UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MINOR> mode, user-space will " +"receive a page-fault notification when a minor page fault occurs. That is, " +"when a backing page is in the page cache, but page table entries don't yet " +"exist. The faulted thread will be stopped from execution until the page " +"fault is resolved from user-space by an B<UFFDIO_CONTINUE> ioctl." +msgstr "" +"Quand il est enregistré avec le mode B<UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MINOR>, l'espace " +"utilisateur recevra une notification d'erreur de page lorsqu'une erreur de " +"page mineure survient. C'est-à-dire quand une page de sauvegarde est dans le " +"cache de page, mais les entrées dans la table de pages n'existent pas " +"encore. L'exécution du thread fautif sera arrêtée jusqu'à ce que l'erreur de " +"page soit résolue à partir de l'espace utilisateur par un ioctl " +"B<UFFDIO_CONTINUE>." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP> (since Linux 5.7)" +msgstr "B<UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP> (depuis Linux 5.7)" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"When registered with B<UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP> mode, user-space will " +"receive a page-fault notification when a write-protected page is written. " +"The faulted thread will be stopped from execution until user-space write-" +"unprotects the page using an B<UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT> ioctl." +msgstr "" +"Quand il est enregistré avec le mode B<UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP>, l'espace " +"utilisateur recevra une notification d'erreur de page lors d'une écriture " +"sur une page protégée en écriture. L'exécution du thread fautif sera arrêtée " +"jusqu'à ce que l'espace utilisateur supprime la protection de la page en " +"utilisant un ioctl B<UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT>." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Multiple modes can be enabled at the same time for the same memory range." +msgstr "" +"Plusieurs modes peuvent être activés en même temps pour le même intervalle " +"de mémoire." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Since Linux 4.14, a userfaultfd page-fault notification can selectively " +"embed faulting thread ID information into the notification. One needs to " +"enable this feature explicitly using the B<UFFD_FEATURE_THREAD_ID> feature " +"bit when initializing the userfaultfd context. By default, thread ID " +"reporting is disabled." +msgstr "" +"Depuis Linux 4.14, une notification d'erreur de page d'userfaultfd peut " +"incorporer de façon sélective des informations d'identifiant des threads en " +"erreur dans une notification. Il est nécessaire d'activer cette " +"fonctionnalité explicitement en utilisant le bit de fonction " +"B<UFFD_FEATURE_THREAD_ID> lors de l'initialisation du contexte " +"d'userfaultfd. Par défaut, la déclaration de l'identifiant du thread est " +"désactivée." + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Usage" +msgstr "Utilisation" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The userfaultfd mechanism is designed to allow a thread in a multithreaded " +"program to perform user-space paging for the other threads in the process. " +"When a page fault occurs for one of the regions registered to the " +"userfaultfd object, the faulting thread is put to sleep and an event is " +"generated that can be read via the userfaultfd file descriptor. The fault-" +"handling thread reads events from this file descriptor and services them " +"using the operations described in B<ioctl_userfaultfd>(2). When servicing " +"the page fault events, the fault-handling thread can trigger a wake-up for " +"the sleeping thread." +msgstr "" +"Le mécanisme d'userfaultfd est conçu pour permettre à un thread dans un " +"programme multi-thread de réaliser la pagination en espace utilisateur pour " +"d'autres threads dans le processus. Lorsqu'un erreur de page survient pour " +"une des régions enregistrées dans l'objet userfaultfd, le thread en erreur " +"est mis en sommeil et un événement est généré qui peut être lu au moyen du " +"descripteur de fichier userfaultfd. Le thread de gestion d'erreur lit les " +"événements à partir de ce descripteur de fichier et les corrige en utilisant " +"les opérations décrites dans B<ioctl_userfaultfd>(2). Lors de l'intervention " +"sur les événements d'erreur de page, le thread de gestion d'erreur peut " +"déclencher le réveil d'un thread endormi." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"It is possible for the faulting threads and the fault-handling threads to " +"run in the context of different processes. In this case, these threads may " +"belong to different programs, and the program that executes the faulting " +"threads will not necessarily cooperate with the program that handles the " +"page faults. In such non-cooperative mode, the process that monitors " +"userfaultfd and handles page faults needs to be aware of the changes in the " +"virtual memory layout of the faulting process to avoid memory corruption." +msgstr "" +"Il est possible que les threads en erreur et les threads traitant les " +"erreurs soient exécutés dans le contexte de processus différents. Dans ce " +"cas, ces threads peuvent appartenir à différents programmes, et le programme " +"qui exécute les threads en erreur ne collaborera pas nécessairement avec le " +"programme qui gère les erreurs de page. Dans ce mode non coopératif, le " +"processus qui contrôle userfaultfd et gère les erreurs de page a besoin " +"d'avoir connaissance des modifications dans la disposition de la mémoire " +"virtuelle du processus en erreur pour éviter une corruption de mémoire.'" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Since Linux 4.11, userfaultfd can also notify the fault-handling threads " +"about changes in the virtual memory layout of the faulting process. In " +"addition, if the faulting process invokes B<fork>(2), the userfaultfd " +"objects associated with the parent may be duplicated into the child process " +"and the userfaultfd monitor will be notified (via the B<UFFD_EVENT_FORK> " +"described below) about the file descriptor associated with the userfault " +"objects created for the child process, which allows the userfaultfd monitor " +"to perform user-space paging for the child process. Unlike page faults " +"which have to be synchronous and require an explicit or implicit wakeup, all " +"other events are delivered asynchronously and the non-cooperative process " +"resumes execution as soon as the userfaultfd manager executes B<read>(2). " +"The userfaultfd manager should carefully synchronize calls to B<UFFDIO_COPY> " +"with the processing of events." +msgstr "" +"Depuis Linux 4.11, userfaultfd peut aussi informer les threads gérant les " +"erreurs des modifications dans la disposition de la mémoire virtuelle du " +"processus en erreur. De plus, si le processus en erreur invoque B<fork>(2), " +"les objets userfaultfd associés au parent peuvent être dupliqués dans le " +"processus enfant et le contrôleur d'userfaultfd sera informé (au moyen de " +"B<UFFD_EVENT_FORK> décrit plus bas) sur le descripteur de fichier associé " +"aux objets userfault créés pour le processus enfant, ce qui permet au " +"contrôleur d'userfaultfd de réaliser la pagination de l'espace utilisateur " +"pour le processus enfant. À la différence des erreurs de page qui doivent " +"être synchrones et réclament un réveil explicite ou explicite, tous les " +"autres événements sont envoyés de façon asynchrone et le processus non " +"coopératif reprend son exécution dès que le gestionnaire d'userfaultfd " +"exécute B<read>(2). Le gestionnaire d'userfaultfd doit soigneusement " +"synchroniser les appels à B<UFFDIO_COPY> avec le traitement des événements." + +#. #-#-#-#-# archlinux: userfaultfd.2.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-# +#. Regarding the preceding sentence, Mike Rapoport says: +#. The major point here is that current events delivery model could be +#. problematic for multi-threaded monitor. I even suspect that it would be +#. impossible to ensure synchronization between page faults and non-page +#. fault events in multi-threaded monitor. +#. .P +#. FIXME elaborate about non-cooperating mode, describe its limitations +#. for kernels before Linux 4.11, features added in Linux 4.11 +#. and limitations remaining in Linux 4.11 +#. Maybe it's worth adding a dedicated sub-section... +#. type: Plain text +#. #-#-#-#-# debian-bookworm: userfaultfd.2.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-# +#. Regarding the preceding sentence, Mike Rapoport says: +#. The major point here is that current events delivery model could be +#. problematic for multi-threaded monitor. I even suspect that it would be +#. impossible to ensure synchronization between page faults and non-page +#. fault events in multi-threaded monitor. +#. .PP +#. FIXME elaborate about non-cooperating mode, describe its limitations +#. for kernels before Linux 4.11, features added in Linux 4.11 +#. and limitations remaining in Linux 4.11 +#. Maybe it's worth adding a dedicated sub-section... +#. type: Plain text +#. #-#-#-#-# debian-unstable: userfaultfd.2.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-# +#. Regarding the preceding sentence, Mike Rapoport says: +#. The major point here is that current events delivery model could be +#. problematic for multi-threaded monitor. I even suspect that it would be +#. impossible to ensure synchronization between page faults and non-page +#. fault events in multi-threaded monitor. +#. .PP +#. FIXME elaborate about non-cooperating mode, describe its limitations +#. for kernels before Linux 4.11, features added in Linux 4.11 +#. and limitations remaining in Linux 4.11 +#. Maybe it's worth adding a dedicated sub-section... +#. type: Plain text +#. #-#-#-#-# fedora-40: userfaultfd.2.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-# +#. Regarding the preceding sentence, Mike Rapoport says: +#. The major point here is that current events delivery model could be +#. problematic for multi-threaded monitor. I even suspect that it would be +#. impossible to ensure synchronization between page faults and non-page +#. fault events in multi-threaded monitor. +#. .P +#. FIXME elaborate about non-cooperating mode, describe its limitations +#. for kernels before Linux 4.11, features added in Linux 4.11 +#. and limitations remaining in Linux 4.11 +#. Maybe it's worth adding a dedicated sub-section... +#. type: Plain text +#. #-#-#-#-# fedora-rawhide: userfaultfd.2.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-# +#. Regarding the preceding sentence, Mike Rapoport says: +#. The major point here is that current events delivery model could be +#. problematic for multi-threaded monitor. I even suspect that it would be +#. impossible to ensure synchronization between page faults and non-page +#. fault events in multi-threaded monitor. +#. .P +#. FIXME elaborate about non-cooperating mode, describe its limitations +#. for kernels before Linux 4.11, features added in Linux 4.11 +#. and limitations remaining in Linux 4.11 +#. Maybe it's worth adding a dedicated sub-section... +#. type: Plain text +#. #-#-#-#-# mageia-cauldron: userfaultfd.2.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-# +#. Regarding the preceding sentence, Mike Rapoport says: +#. The major point here is that current events delivery model could be +#. problematic for multi-threaded monitor. I even suspect that it would be +#. impossible to ensure synchronization between page faults and non-page +#. fault events in multi-threaded monitor. +#. .P +#. FIXME elaborate about non-cooperating mode, describe its limitations +#. for kernels before Linux 4.11, features added in Linux 4.11 +#. and limitations remaining in Linux 4.11 +#. Maybe it's worth adding a dedicated sub-section... +#. type: Plain text +#. #-#-#-#-# opensuse-leap-15-6: userfaultfd.2.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-# +#. Regarding the preceding sentence, Mike Rapoport says: +#. The major point here is that current events delivery model could be +#. problematic for multi-threaded monitor. I even suspect that it would be +#. impossible to ensure synchronization between page faults and non-page +#. fault events in multi-threaded monitor. +#. .PP +#. FIXME elaborate about non-cooperating mode, describe its limitations +#. for kernels before Linux 4.11, features added in Linux 4.11 +#. and limitations remaining in Linux 4.11 +#. Maybe it's worth adding a dedicated sub-section... +#. type: Plain text +#. #-#-#-#-# opensuse-tumbleweed: userfaultfd.2.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-# +#. Regarding the preceding sentence, Mike Rapoport says: +#. The major point here is that current events delivery model could be +#. problematic for multi-threaded monitor. I even suspect that it would be +#. impossible to ensure synchronization between page faults and non-page +#. fault events in multi-threaded monitor. +#. .PP +#. FIXME elaborate about non-cooperating mode, describe its limitations +#. for kernels before Linux 4.11, features added in Linux 4.11 +#. and limitations remaining in Linux 4.11 +#. Maybe it's worth adding a dedicated sub-section... +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The current asynchronous model of the event delivery is optimal for single " +"threaded non-cooperative userfaultfd manager implementations." +msgstr "" +"Le modèle asynchrone actuel d'envoi d'événement est optimal pour des " +"implémentations de gestionnaire userfaultfd non coopératif à thread unique." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Since Linux 5.7, userfaultfd is able to do synchronous page dirty tracking " +"using the new write-protect register mode. One should check against the " +"feature bit B<UFFD_FEATURE_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WP> before using this feature. " +"Similar to the original userfaultfd missing mode, the write-protect mode " +"will generate a userfaultfd notification when the protected page is " +"written. The user needs to resolve the page fault by unprotecting the " +"faulted page and kicking the faulted thread to continue. For more " +"information, please refer to the \"Userfaultfd write-protect mode\" section." +msgstr "" +"Depuis Linux 5.7, userfaultfd peut effectuer le suivi synchrone de page sale " +"en utilisant le nouveau mode d'enregistrement de page protégée en écriture. " +"Il faut vérifier le bit de fonction B<UFFD_FEATURE_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WP> avant " +"d'utiliser cette fonctionnalité. Le mode protection en écriture, similaire " +"au mode d'origine page manquante d'userfaultfd, génère une notification " +"d'userfaultfd quand la page protégée en écriture est écrite. L'utilisateur " +"doit résoudre l'erreur de page en déprotégeant la page fautive et en forçant " +"le thread fautif à continuer. Pour plus d'informations, consultez la section " +"«\\ Mode protection d'écriture d'userfaultfd\\ »" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Userfaultfd operation" +msgstr "Fonctionnement d'userfaultfd" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "After the userfaultfd object is created with B<userfaultfd>(), the " +#| "application must enable it using the B<UFFDIO_API> B<ioctl>(2) " +#| "operation. This operation allows a handshake between the kernel and user " +#| "space to determine the API version and supported features. This " +#| "operation must be performed before any of the other B<ioctl>(2) " +#| "operations described below (or those operations fail with the B<EINVAL> " +#| "error)." +msgid "" +"After the userfaultfd object is created with B<userfaultfd>(), the " +"application must enable it using the B<UFFDIO_API> B<ioctl>(2) operation. " +"This operation allows a two-step handshake between the kernel and user space " +"to determine what API version and features the kernel supports, and then to " +"enable those features user space wants. This operation must be performed " +"before any of the other B<ioctl>(2) operations described below (or those " +"operations fail with the B<EINVAL> error)." +msgstr "" +"Après la création de l'objet userfaultfd avec B<userfaultfd>(), " +"l'application doit l'activer en utilisant l'opération B<UFFDIO_API> de " +"B<ioctl>(2). Cette opération permet une connexion entre le noyau et l'espace " +"utilisateur pour déterminer la version de l'API et les fonctions prises en " +"charge. Cette opération doit être réalisée avant toutes les autres " +"opérations B<ioctl>(2) décrites plus bas (ou ces opérations échouent avec " +"l'erreur B<EINVAL>.)" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "After a successful B<UFFDIO_API> operation, the application then " +#| "registers memory address ranges using the B<UFFDIO_REGISTER> B<ioctl>(2) " +#| "operation. After successful completion of a B<UFFDIO_REGISTER> " +#| "operation, a page fault occurring in the requested memory range, and " +#| "satisfying the mode defined at the registration time, will be forwarded " +#| "by the kernel to the user-space application. The application can then " +#| "use the B<UFFDIO_COPY ,> B<UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE ,> or B<UFFDIO_CONTINUE> " +#| "B<ioctl>(2) operations to resolve the page fault." +msgid "" +"After a successful B<UFFDIO_API> operation, the application then registers " +"memory address ranges using the B<UFFDIO_REGISTER> B<ioctl>(2) operation. " +"After successful completion of a B<UFFDIO_REGISTER> operation, a page fault " +"occurring in the requested memory range, and satisfying the mode defined at " +"the registration time, will be forwarded by the kernel to the user-space " +"application. The application can then use various (e.g., B<UFFDIO_COPY>, " +"B<UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE>, or B<UFFDIO_CONTINUE>) B<ioctl>(2) operations to " +"resolve the page fault." +msgstr "" +"Après le succès d'une opération B<UFFDIO_API>, l'application enregistre " +"alors les intervalles d'adresses mémoire en utilisant l'opération " +"d'B<ioctl>(2) B<UFFDIO_REGISTER>. Quand l'opération B<UFFDIO_REGISTER> s'est " +"achevée avec succès, une erreur de page, se produisant dans l'intervalle de " +"mémoire requis et satisfaisant au mode défini au moment de l'enregistrement, " +"sera transmis par le noyau à l'application de l'espace utilisateur. " +"L'application peut alors utiliser les opérations d'B<ioctl>(2) " +"B<UFFDIO_COPY>, B<UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE> ou B<UFFDIO_CONTINUE> pour résoudre " +"l'erreur de page." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Since Linux 4.14, if the application sets the B<UFFD_FEATURE_SIGBUS> feature " +"bit using the B<UFFDIO_API> B<ioctl>(2), no page-fault notification will be " +"forwarded to user space. Instead a B<SIGBUS> signal is delivered to the " +"faulting process. With this feature, userfaultfd can be used for robustness " +"purposes to simply catch any access to areas within the registered address " +"range that do not have pages allocated, without having to listen to " +"userfaultfd events. No userfaultfd monitor will be required for dealing " +"with such memory accesses. For example, this feature can be useful for " +"applications that want to prevent the kernel from automatically allocating " +"pages and filling holes in sparse files when the hole is accessed through a " +"memory mapping." +msgstr "" +"Depuis Linux 4.4, si l'application définit le bit de la fonction " +"B<UFFD_FEATURE_SIGBUS> en utilisant l'B<ioctl>(2) B<UFFDIO_API>, aucune " +"notification d'erreur d page ne sera transmise à l'espace utilisateur. Un " +"signal est envoyé à la place au processus en erreur. Avec cette fonction, " +"userfaultfd peut être utilisé à des fins de robustesse pour capturer " +"simplement tout accès aux zones dans l'intervalle d'adresses enregistré qui " +"n'ont pas de pages allouées sans avoir à écouter les événements " +"d'userfaultfd. Aucun contrôleur d'userfaultfd ne sera requis pour traiter ce " +"type d'accès mémoire. Par exemple, cette fonction peut être utile à des " +"applications qui désirent empêcher le noyau d'allouer des pages " +"automatiquement et de remplir des trous dans des fichiers creux quand c'est " +"un mappage mémoire qui permet l'accès aux trous." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The B<UFFD_FEATURE_SIGBUS> feature is implicitly inherited through " +"B<fork>(2) if used in combination with B<UFFD_FEATURE_FORK>." +msgstr "" +"La fonction B<UFFD_FEATURE_SIGBUS> est héritée de façon implicite avec " +"B<fork>(2) si elle est utilisée en combinaison avec B<UFFD_FEATURE_FORK>." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Details of the various B<ioctl>(2) operations can be found in " +"B<ioctl_userfaultfd>(2)." +msgstr "" +"Des détails sur les différentes opérations d'B<ioctl>(2) sont disponibles " +"dans B<ioctl_userfaultfd>(2)." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Since Linux 4.11, events other than page-fault may enabled during " +"B<UFFDIO_API> operation." +msgstr "" +"Depuis Linux 4.11, les événements autres que les erreurs de page peuvent " +"être activés pendant l'opération B<UFFDIO_API>." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Up to Linux 4.11, userfaultfd can be used only with anonymous private memory " +"mappings. Since Linux 4.11, userfaultfd can be also used with hugetlbfs and " +"shared memory mappings." +msgstr "" +"Jusqu'à Linux 4.11, userfaultfd ne peut être utilisé qu'avec des mappages de " +"mémoire privée anonyme. Depuis Linux 4.11, userfaultfd peut aussi être " +"utilisé avec des mappages de mémoire hugelbfs et partagée." + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Userfaultfd write-protect mode (since Linux 5.7)" +msgstr "Mode protection d'écriture d'userfaultfd (depuis Linux 5.7)" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Since Linux 5.7, userfaultfd supports write-protect mode for anonymous " +"memory. The user needs to first check availability of this feature using " +"B<UFFDIO_API> ioctl against the feature bit " +"B<UFFD_FEATURE_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WP> before using this feature." +msgstr "" +"Depuis Linux 5.7, userfaultfd prend en charge le mode protection d'écriture " +"pour la mémoire anonyme. L'utilisateur doit d'abord vérifier la " +"disponibilité de cette fonctionnalité en utilisant l'ioctl B<UFFDIO_API> sur " +"le bit de fonction B<UFFD_FEATURE_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WP> avant d'utiliser cette " +"fonctionnalité." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Since Linux 5.19, the write-protection mode was also supported on shmem and " +"hugetlbfs memory types. It can be detected with the feature bit " +"B<UFFD_FEATURE_WP_HUGETLBFS_SHMEM>." +msgstr "" +"Depuis Linux 5.19, le mode protection d'écriture est aussi pris en charge " +"sur la mémoire de type shmem ou hugetlbfs. Il peut être détecté avec le bit " +"de fonction B<UFFD_FEATURE_WP_HUGETLBFS_SHMEM>." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"To register with userfaultfd write-protect mode, the user needs to initiate " +"the B<UFFDIO_REGISTER> ioctl with mode B<UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP> set. Note " +"that it is legal to monitor the same memory range with multiple modes. For " +"example, the user can do B<UFFDIO_REGISTER> with the mode set to " +"B<UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING | UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP>. When there is " +"only B<UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP> registered, user-space will I<not> receive " +"any notification when a missing page is written. Instead, user-space will " +"receive a write-protect page-fault notification only when an existing but " +"write-protected page got written." +msgstr "" +"Pour enregistrer avec le mode page protégée en écriture de userfaultfd, " +"l'utilisateur doit initier l'ioctl B<UFFDIO_REGISTER> avec le mode " +"B<UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP> défini. Notez qu'il est permis de surveiller le " +"même intervalle de mémoire avec plusieurs modes. Par exemple, un utilisateur " +"peut effectuer B<UFFDIO_REGISTER> avec le mode défini à " +"B<UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING | UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP>. Quand seul le " +"mode B<UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP> est enregistré, l'espace utilisateur ne " +"recevra I<aucune> notification quand une page manquante est écrite. À la " +"place, l'espace utilisateur ne recevra une notification d'erreur de page " +"protégée en écriture que quand une page existante et protégée en écriture " +"est écrite." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"After the B<UFFDIO_REGISTER> ioctl completed with B<UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP> " +"mode set, the user can write-protect any existing memory within the range " +"using the ioctl B<UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT> where I<uffdio_writeprotect.mode> " +"should be set to B<UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_WP>." +msgstr "" +"Après que l'ioctl B<UFFDIO_REGISTER> s'est terminé avec le mode " +"B<UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP> défini, l'utilisateur peut protéger en écriture " +"toute mémoire dans l'intervalle en utilisant l'ioctl B<UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT> " +"où I<uffdio_writeprotect.mode> devrait être défini à " +"B<UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_WP>." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"When a write-protect event happens, user-space will receive a page-fault " +"notification whose I<uffd_msg.pagefault.flags> will be with " +"B<UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WP> flag set. Note: since only writes can trigger " +"this kind of fault, write-protect notifications will always have the " +"B<UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WRITE> bit set along with the " +"B<UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WP> bit." +msgstr "" +"Quand un événement de protection en écriture survient, l'espace utilisateur " +"recevra une notification d'erreur de page dont l'I<uffd_msg.pagefault.flags> " +"aura l'attribut B<UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WP> défini. Notez : dans la mesure où " +"seulement les écritures peuvent déclencher ce genre d'erreur, les " +"notifications de protection en écriture auront toujours le bit " +"B<UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WRITE> défini en même temps que le bit " +"B<UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WP>." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"To resolve a write-protection page fault, the user should initiate another " +"B<UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT> ioctl, whose I<uffd_msg.pagefault.flags> should have " +"the flag B<UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_WP> cleared upon the faulted page or " +"range." +msgstr "" +"Pour résoudre une erreur de page de protection d'écriture, l'utilisateur " +"doit initier un autre ioctl B<UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT> dont l'I<uffd_msg." +"pagefault.flags> doit avoir l'attribut B<UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_WP> effacé " +"après la page ou l'intervalle fautif." + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Userfaultfd minor fault mode (since Linux 5.13)" +msgstr "Mode erreur mineure d'userfaultfd (depuis Linux 5.13)" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Since Linux 5.13, userfaultfd supports minor fault mode. In this mode, " +"fault messages are produced not for major faults (where the page was " +"missing), but rather for minor faults, where a page exists in the page " +"cache, but the page table entries are not yet present. The user needs to " +"first check availability of this feature using the B<UFFDIO_API> ioctl with " +"the appropriate feature bits set before using this feature: " +"B<UFFD_FEATURE_MINOR_HUGETLBFS> since Linux 5.13, or " +"B<UFFD_FEATURE_MINOR_SHMEM> since Linux 5.14." +msgstr "" +"Depuis Linux 5.13, userfaultfd prend en charge le mode erreur mineure. Dans " +"ce mode, les messages d’erreur ne sont pas produits pour des erreurs " +"majeures (où les pages étaient absentes), mais plutôt pour des erreurs " +"mineures où une page existe dans le cache de page, mais où les entrées de la " +"table de pages ne sont pas encore présentes. L'utilisateur doit d'abord " +"vérifier la disponibilité de cette fonctionnalité en utilisant l'ioctl " +"B<UFFDIO_API> avec les bits de fonction appropriés avant d'utiliser cette " +"fonctionnalité : B<UFFD_FEATURE_MINOR_HUGETLBFS> depuis Linux 5.13 ou " +"B<UFFD_FEATURE_MINOR_SHMEM> depuis Linux 5.14." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"To register with userfaultfd minor fault mode, the user needs to initiate " +"the B<UFFDIO_REGISTER> ioctl with mode B<UFFD_REGISTER_MODE_MINOR> set." +msgstr "" +"Pour enregistrer avec le mode erreur mineure d'userfaultfd, l'utilisateur " +"doit initier l'ioctl B<UFFDIO_REGISTER> avec le mode " +"B<UFFD_REGISTER_MODE_MINOR> défini." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"When a minor fault occurs, user-space will receive a page-fault notification " +"whose I<uffd_msg.pagefault.flags> will have the B<UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_MINOR> " +"flag set." +msgstr "" +"Quand une erreur mineure survient, l'espace utilisateur recevra une " +"notification d'erreur de page dont l'I<uffd_msg.pagefault.flags> aura " +"l'attribut B<UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_MINOR> défini." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"To resolve a minor page fault, the handler should decide whether or not the " +"existing page contents need to be modified first. If so, this should be " +"done in-place via a second, non-userfaultfd-registered mapping to the same " +"backing page (e.g., by mapping the shmem or hugetlbfs file twice). Once the " +"page is considered \"up to date\", the fault can be resolved by initiating " +"an B<UFFDIO_CONTINUE> ioctl, which installs the page table entries and (by " +"default) wakes up the faulting thread(s)." +msgstr "" +"Pour résoudre une erreur de page mineure, le gestionnaire doit décider si le " +"contenu de la page existante doit être modifiée d'abord, ou non. Si c'est le " +"cas, cela doit être fait à son emplacement au moyen d'un second mappage non " +"enregistré par userfaultfd vers la même page de sauvegarde (par exemple en " +"mappant deux fois le fichier shmem ou hugetlbfs). Une fois que la page est " +"considérée « à jour », l'erreur peut être résolue en initiant un ioctl " +"B<UFFDIO_CONTINUE> qui installe les entrées de la table de pages et (par " +"défaut) réveille le ou les threads en erreur." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Minor fault mode supports only hugetlbfs-backed (since Linux 5.13) and " +"shmem-backed (since Linux 5.14) memory." +msgstr "" +"Le mode erreur mineure ne prend en charge que la mémoire s'appuyant sur " +"hugetlbfs (depuis Linux 5.13) et sur shmem (depuis Linux 5.14)." + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Reading from the userfaultfd structure" +msgstr "Lire à partir de la structure userfaultfd" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Each B<read>(2) from the userfaultfd file descriptor returns one or more " +"I<uffd_msg> structures, each of which describes a page-fault event or an " +"event required for the non-cooperative userfaultfd usage:" +msgstr "" +"Chaque B<read>(2) à partir du descripteur de fichier userfaultfd renvoie une " +"ou plusieurs structures I<uffd_msg>, chacune d'elles décrit un événement " +"d'erreur de page ou un événement requis pour l'utilisation non coopérative " +"d'userfaultfd :" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"struct uffd_msg {\n" +" __u8 event; /* Type of event */\n" +" ...\n" +" union {\n" +" struct {\n" +" __u64 flags; /* Flags describing fault */\n" +" __u64 address; /* Faulting address */\n" +" union {\n" +" __u32 ptid; /* Thread ID of the fault */\n" +" } feat;\n" +" } pagefault;\n" +"\\&\n" +" struct { /* Since Linux 4.11 */\n" +" __u32 ufd; /* Userfault file descriptor\n" +" of the child process */\n" +" } fork;\n" +"\\&\n" +" struct { /* Since Linux 4.11 */\n" +" __u64 from; /* Old address of remapped area */\n" +" __u64 to; /* New address of remapped area */\n" +" __u64 len; /* Original mapping length */\n" +" } remap;\n" +"\\&\n" +" struct { /* Since Linux 4.11 */\n" +" __u64 start; /* Start address of removed area */\n" +" __u64 end; /* End address of removed area */\n" +" } remove;\n" +" ...\n" +" } arg;\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Padding fields omitted */\n" +"} __packed;\n" +msgstr "" +"struct uffd_msg {\n" +" __u8 event; /* Type d'événement */\n" +" ...\n" +" union {\n" +" struct {\n" +" __u64 flags; /* Attributs décrivant l'erreur */\n" +" __u64 address; /* Adresse fautive */\n" +" union {\n" +" __u32 ptid; /* ID du thread de l'erreur */\n" +" } feat;\n" +" } pagefault;\n" +"\\&\n" +" struct { /* Depuis Linux 4.11 */\n" +" __u32 ufd; /* Descripteur de ficher d'userfault\n" +" du processus enfant */\n" +" } fork;\n" +"\\&\n" +" struct { /* Depuis Linux 4.11 */\n" +" __u64 from; /* Ancienne adresse de la zone remappée */\n" +" __u64 to; /* Nouvelle adresse de la zone remappée */\n" +" __u64 len; /* Taille originale du mappage */\n" +" } remap;\n" +"\\&\n" +" struct { /* Depuis Linux 4.11 */\n" +" __u64 start; /* Adresse de début de la zone supprimée */\n" +" __u64 end; /* Adresse de fin de la zone supprimée */\n" +" } remove;\n" +" ...\n" +" } arg;\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Remplissage des champs omis */\n" +"} __packed;\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If multiple events are available and the supplied buffer is large enough, " +"B<read>(2) returns as many events as will fit in the supplied buffer. If " +"the buffer supplied to B<read>(2) is smaller than the size of the " +"I<uffd_msg> structure, the B<read>(2) fails with the error B<EINVAL>." +msgstr "" +"Si plusieurs événements sont disponibles et si le tampon fourni est " +"suffisamment grand, B<read>(2) renvoie autant d'événements qu'il en tient " +"dans le tampon fourni. Si le tampon fourni à B<read>(2) est plus petit que " +"la taille de la structure I<uffd_msg>, B<read>(2) échoue avec l'erreur " +"B<EINVAL>." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "The fields set in the I<uffd_msg> structure are as follows:" +msgstr "Les champs définis dans la structure I<uffd_msg> sont les suivants :" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "I<event>" +msgstr "I<event>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The type of event. Depending of the event type, different fields of the " +"I<arg> union represent details required for the event processing. The non-" +"page-fault events are generated only when appropriate feature is enabled " +"during API handshake with B<UFFDIO_API> B<ioctl>(2)." +msgstr "" +"Le type d'événement. Selon le type d'événement, différents champs de l'union " +"I<arg> représentent les détails nécessaires au traitement de l'événement. " +"Les événements qui ne sont pas des erreurs de page ne sont générés que quand " +"la fonctionnalité appropriée est activée durant la connexion de l'API à " +"l'B<ioctl>(2) B<UFFDIO_API>." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "The following values can appear in the I<event> field:" +msgstr "Les valeurs suivantes peuvent apparaître dans le champ I<event> :" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT> (since Linux 4.3)" +msgstr "B<UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT> (depuis Linux 4.3)" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"A page-fault event. The page-fault details are available in the " +"I<pagefault> field." +msgstr "" +"Un événement d'erreur de page. Les détails de l'erreur de page sont " +"disponibles dans le champ I<pagefault>." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<UFFD_EVENT_FORK> (since Linux 4.11)" +msgstr "B<UFFD_EVENT_FORK> (depuis Linux 4.11)" + +#. FIXME describe duplication of userfault file descriptor during fork +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Generated when the faulting process invokes B<fork>(2) (or B<clone>(2) " +"without the B<CLONE_VM> flag). The event details are available in the " +"I<fork> field." +msgstr "" +"Généré lorsque le processus en erreur invoque B<fork>(2) (ou B<clone>(2) " +"sans l'attribut B<CLONE_VM>). Les détails de l'événement sont disponibles " +"dans le champ I<fork>." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<UFFD_EVENT_REMAP> (since Linux 4.11)" +msgstr "B<UFFD_EVENT_REMAP> (depuis Linux 4.11)" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Generated when the faulting process invokes B<mremap>(2). The event details " +"are available in the I<remap> field." +msgstr "" +"Généré lorsque le processus en erreur invoque B<mremap>(2). Les détails de " +"l'événement sont disponibles dans le champ I<remap>." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<UFFD_EVENT_REMOVE> (since Linux 4.11)" +msgstr "B<UFFD_EVENT_REMOVE> (depuis Linux 4.11)" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Generated when the faulting process invokes B<madvise>(2) with " +"B<MADV_DONTNEED> or B<MADV_REMOVE> advice. The event details are available " +"in the I<remove> field." +msgstr "" +"Généré lorsque le processus en erreur invoque B<madvise>(2) avec les " +"conseils B<MADV_DONTNEED> ou B<MADV_REMOVE>. Les détails de l'événement sont " +"disponibles dans le champ I<remove>." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<UFFD_EVENT_UNMAP> (since Linux 4.11)" +msgstr "B<UFFD_EVENT_UNMAP> (depuis Linux 4.11)" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Generated when the faulting process unmaps a memory range, either explicitly " +"using B<munmap>(2) or implicitly during B<mmap>(2) or B<mremap>(2). The " +"event details are available in the I<remove> field." +msgstr "" +"Généré lorsque le processus en erreur supprime le mappage d'un intervalle de " +"mémoire soit explicitement avec B<munmap>(2), soit implicitement durant " +"l'exécution de B<mmap>(2) ou B<mremap>(2). Les détails de l'événement sont " +"disponibles dans le champ I<remove>." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "I<pagefault.address>" +msgstr "I<pagefault.address>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "The address that triggered the page fault." +msgstr "L'adresse qui a déclenché l'erreur de page." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "I<pagefault.flags>" +msgstr "I<pagefault.flags>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"A bit mask of flags that describe the event. For B<UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT>, " +"the following flag may appear:" +msgstr "" +"Un masque de bits qui décrit l'événement. Pour B<UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT>, les " +"attributs suivants peuvent apparaître :" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WP>" +msgstr "B<UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WP>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "If this flag is set, then the fault was a write-protect fault." +msgstr "" +"Si cet attribut est défini, alors l'erreur était une erreur de protection en " +"écriture." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_MINOR>" +msgstr "B<UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_MINOR>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "If this flag is set, then the fault was a minor fault." +msgstr "Si cet attribut est défini, alors l'erreur était une erreur mineure." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WRITE>" +msgstr "B<UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WRITE>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "If this flag is set, then the fault was a write fault." +msgstr "" +"Si cet attribut est défini, alors l'erreur était une erreur d'écriture." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If neither B<UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WP> nor B<UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_MINOR> are " +"set, then the fault was a missing fault." +msgstr "" +"Si ni B<UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WP> ni B<UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_MINOR> ne sont " +"définis, l'erreur était une erreur d'absence." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "I<pagefault.feat.pid>" +msgstr "I<pagefault.feat.pid>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "The thread ID that triggered the page fault." +msgstr "L'identifiant du thread qui a déclenché l'erreur de page." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "I<fork.ufd>" +msgstr "I<fork.ufd>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The file descriptor associated with the userfault object created for the " +"child created by B<fork>(2)." +msgstr "" +"Le descripteur de fichier associé à l'objet userfault créé pour l'enfant " +"créé par B<fork>(2)." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "I<remap.from>" +msgstr "I<remap.from>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The original address of the memory range that was remapped using " +"B<mremap>(2)." +msgstr "" +"L'adresse d'origine de la plage de mémoire dont le mappage a été modifié en " +"utilisant B<madvise>(2)." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "I<remap.to>" +msgstr "I<remap.to>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The new address of the memory range that was remapped using B<mremap>(2)." +msgstr "" +"La nouvelle adresse de la plage de mémoire dont le mappage a été modifié en " +"utilisant B<madvise>(2)." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "I<remap.len>" +msgstr "I<remap.len>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The original length of the memory range that was remapped using B<mremap>(2)." +msgstr "" +"La taille d'origine de la plage de mémoire dont le mappage a été modifié en " +"utilisant B<madvise>(2)." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "I<remove.start>" +msgstr "I<remove.start>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The start address of the memory range that was freed using B<madvise>(2) or " +"unmapped" +msgstr "" +"L'adresse de début de la plage de mémoire qui a été libérée en utilisant " +"B<madvise>(2) ou dont le mappage a été supprimé." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "I<remove.end>" +msgstr "I<remove.end>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The end address of the memory range that was freed using B<madvise>(2) or " +"unmapped" +msgstr "" +"L'adresse terminale de la plage de mémoire qui a été libérée en utilisant " +"B<madvise>(2) ou dont le mappage a été supprimé." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"A B<read>(2) on a userfaultfd file descriptor can fail with the following " +"errors:" +msgstr "" +"B<read>(2) sur un descripteur de fichier userfaultfd peut échouer pour les " +"raisons suivantes :" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<EINVAL>" +msgstr "B<EINVAL>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The userfaultfd object has not yet been enabled using the B<UFFDIO_API> " +"B<ioctl>(2) operation" +msgstr "" +"L'objet userfaultfd n'a pas encore été activé avec l'opération d'B<ioctl>(2) " +"B<UFFDIO_API>." + +#. FIXME What is the reason for this seemingly odd behavior with respect +#. to the O_NONBLOCK flag? (see userfaultfd_poll() in fs/userfaultfd.c). +#. Something needs to be said about this. +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If the B<O_NONBLOCK> flag is enabled in the associated open file " +"description, the userfaultfd file descriptor can be monitored with " +"B<poll>(2), B<select>(2), and B<epoll>(7). When events are available, the " +"file descriptor indicates as readable. If the B<O_NONBLOCK> flag is not " +"enabled, then B<poll>(2) (always) indicates the file as having a B<POLLERR> " +"condition, and B<select>(2) indicates the file descriptor as both readable " +"and writable." +msgstr "" +"Si l'attribut B<O_NONBLOCK> est activé dans la description de fichier ouvert " +"associée, le descripteur de fichier userfaultfd peut être surveillé avec " +"B<poll>(2), B<select>(2) et B<epoll>(7). Quand les événements sont " +"disponibles, le descripteur de fichier l'indique comme lisible. Si " +"l'attribut B<O_NONBLOCK> n'est pas activé, alors B<poll>(2) indique " +"(toujours) que le fichier comme ayant une condition B<POLLERR> et " +"B<select>(2) indique que le descripteur de fichier est à la fois accessible " +"en lecture et en écriture." + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "RETURN VALUE" +msgstr "VALEUR RENVOYÉE" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"On success, B<userfaultfd>() returns a new file descriptor that refers to " +"the userfaultfd object. On error, -1 is returned, and I<errno> is set to " +"indicate the error." +msgstr "" +"En cas de succès, B<userfaultfd>() renvoie un nouveau descripteur de fichier " +"qui fait référence à l'objet userfaultfd. En cas d'erreur, la fonction " +"renvoie B<-1> et I<errno> est défini pour indiquer l'erreur." + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "ERRORS" +msgstr "ERREURS" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "An unsupported value was specified in I<flags>." +msgstr "Une valeur non prise en compte a été spécifiée dans I<flags>." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<EMFILE>" +msgstr "B<EMFILE>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The per-process limit on the number of open file descriptors has been reached" +msgstr "" +"La limite par processus du nombre de descripteurs de fichier ouverts a été " +"atteinte." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<ENFILE>" +msgstr "B<ENFILE>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The system-wide limit on the total number of open files has been reached." +msgstr "" +"La limite du nombre total de fichiers ouverts pour le système entier a été " +"atteinte." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<ENOMEM>" +msgstr "B<ENOMEM>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Insufficient kernel memory was available." +msgstr "La mémoire disponible du noyau n'était pas suffisante." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<EPERM> (since Linux 5.2)" +msgstr "B<EPERM> (depuis Linux 5.2)" + +#. cefdca0a86be517bc390fc4541e3674b8e7803b0 +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The caller is not privileged (does not have the B<CAP_SYS_PTRACE> capability " +"in the initial user namespace), and I</proc/sys/vm/unprivileged_userfaultfd> " +"has the value 0." +msgstr "" +"L'appelant n'est pas privilégié (il n'a pas la capacité B<CAP_SYS_PTRACE> " +"dans l'espace de noms initial) et I</proc/sys/vm/unprivileged_userfaultfd> a " +"la valeur B<0>." + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "STANDARDS" +msgstr "STANDARDS" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Linux." +msgstr "Linux." + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "HISTORY" +msgstr "HISTORIQUE" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Linux 4.3." +msgstr "Linux 4.3." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Support for hugetlbfs and shared memory areas and non-page-fault events was " +"added in Linux 4.11" +msgstr "" +"La prise en charge des zones de mémoire hugetlbfs et partagée et des " +"événements qui ne sont pas des erreurs de page a été ajoutée dans Linux 4.11" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "NOTES" +msgstr "NOTES" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The userfaultfd mechanism can be used as an alternative to traditional user-" +"space paging techniques based on the use of the B<SIGSEGV> signal and " +"B<mmap>(2). It can also be used to implement lazy restore for checkpoint/" +"restore mechanisms, as well as post-copy migration to allow (nearly) " +"uninterrupted execution when transferring virtual machines and Linux " +"containers from one host to another." +msgstr "" +"Le mécanisme d'userfaultfd peut être utilisé comme une alternative aux " +"techniques traditionnelles de pagination de l'espace utilisateur basées sur " +"l'utilisation du signal B<SIGSEGV> et de B<mmap>(2). Il peut aussi être " +"utilisé pour implémenter la restauration en mode paresseux (« lazy " +"restore ») pour les mécanismes de la fonctionnalité de gel des applications " +"(checkpoint/restore), aussi bien que la migration après copie pour permettre " +"une exécution (presque) ininterrompue lors du transfert de machines " +"virtuelles et de conteneurs Linux d'un hôte à un autre." + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "BUGS" +msgstr "BOGUES" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"If the B<UFFD_FEATURE_EVENT_FORK> is enabled and a system call from the " +"B<fork>(2) family is interrupted by a signal or failed, a stale userfaultfd " +"descriptor might be created. In this case, a spurious B<UFFD_EVENT_FORK> " +"will be delivered to the userfaultfd monitor." +msgstr "" +"Si B<UFFD_FEATURE_EVENT_FORK> est activé et si un appel système issu de la " +"famille de B<fork>(2) est interrompu par un signal ou échoue, un descripteur " +"périmé d'userfaultfd peut être créé. Dans ce cas, un faux B<UFFD_EVENT_FORK> " +"sera fourni au surveillant d'userfaultfd." + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "EXAMPLES" +msgstr "EXEMPLES" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The program below demonstrates the use of the userfaultfd mechanism. The " +"program creates two threads, one of which acts as the page-fault handler for " +"the process, for the pages in a demand-page zero region created using " +"B<mmap>(2)." +msgstr "" +"Le programme ci-dessous démontre l'utilisation du mécanisme userfaultfd. Le " +"programme crée deux threads, un qui agit comme gestionnaire d'erreur de page " +"pour le processus, pour les pages dans une région sans demande de page en " +"utilisant B<mmap>(2)." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The program takes one command-line argument, which is the number of pages " +"that will be created in a mapping whose page faults will be handled via " +"userfaultfd. After creating a userfaultfd object, the program then creates " +"an anonymous private mapping of the specified size and registers the address " +"range of that mapping using the B<UFFDIO_REGISTER> B<ioctl>(2) operation. " +"The program then creates a second thread that will perform the task of " +"handling page faults." +msgstr "" +"Le programme prend un argument en ligne de commande, qui est le nombre de " +"pages qui seront créées dans un mappage dont les erreurs de pages seront " +"gérées au moyen d'userfaultfd. Après la création d'un objet userfaultfd, le " +"programme crée alors un mappage privé anonyme de la taille spécifiée et " +"enregistre l'intervalle d'adresses de ce mappage en utilisant l'opération " +"d'B<ioctl>(2) B<UFFDIO_REGISTER>. Le programme crée alors un second thread " +"qui exécutera la tâche de gestion des erreurs de page." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The main thread then walks through the pages of the mapping fetching bytes " +"from successive pages. Because the pages have not yet been accessed, the " +"first access of a byte in each page will trigger a page-fault event on the " +"userfaultfd file descriptor." +msgstr "" +"Le thread principal parcourt les pages du mappage à la recherche des octets " +"des pages successives. Comme il n'y a pas eu encore d'accès aux pages, le " +"premier accès à un octet de chaque page déclenchera un événement d'erreur de " +"page sur le descripteur de fichier userfaultfd." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Each of the page-fault events is handled by the second thread, which sits in " +"a loop processing input from the userfaultfd file descriptor. In each loop " +"iteration, the second thread first calls B<poll>(2) to check the state of " +"the file descriptor, and then reads an event from the file descriptor. All " +"such events should be B<UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT> events, which the thread " +"handles by copying a page of data into the faulting region using the " +"B<UFFDIO_COPY> B<ioctl>(2) operation." +msgstr "" +"Chaque événement d'erreur de page est géré par le second thread qui " +"s'installe dans une boucle traitant l'entrée du descripteur de fichier " +"userfaultfd. À chaque itération de la boucle, le second thread appelle " +"B<poll>(2) pour vérifier l'état du descripteur de fichier puis lit un " +"événement à partir de ce descripteur de fichier. Tout ce type d'événements " +"doit être un événement B<UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT> que le thread traite en " +"copiant un page de données dans la région en erreur en utilisant l'opération " +"d'B<ioctl>(2) B<UFFDIO_COPY>." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "The following is an example of what we see when running the program:" +msgstr "" +"La suite est un exemple de ce qui est observé lors de l'exécution du " +"programme :" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"$ B<./userfaultfd_demo 3>\n" +"Address returned by mmap() = 0x7fd30106c000\n" +"\\&\n" +"fault_handler_thread():\n" +" poll() returns: nready = 1; POLLIN = 1; POLLERR = 0\n" +" UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT event: flags = 0; address = 7fd30106c00f\n" +" (uffdio_copy.copy returned 4096)\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106c00f in main(): A\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106c40f in main(): A\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106c80f in main(): A\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106cc0f in main(): A\n" +"\\&\n" +"fault_handler_thread():\n" +" poll() returns: nready = 1; POLLIN = 1; POLLERR = 0\n" +" UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT event: flags = 0; address = 7fd30106d00f\n" +" (uffdio_copy.copy returned 4096)\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106d00f in main(): B\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106d40f in main(): B\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106d80f in main(): B\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106dc0f in main(): B\n" +"\\&\n" +"fault_handler_thread():\n" +" poll() returns: nready = 1; POLLIN = 1; POLLERR = 0\n" +" UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT event: flags = 0; address = 7fd30106e00f\n" +" (uffdio_copy.copy returned 4096)\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106e00f in main(): C\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106e40f in main(): C\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106e80f in main(): C\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106ec0f in main(): C\n" +msgstr "" +"$ B<./userfaultfd_demo 3>\n" +"Address returned by mmap() = 0x7fd30106c000\n" +"\\&\n" +"fault_handler_thread():\n" +" poll() returns: nready = 1; POLLIN = 1; POLLERR = 0\n" +" UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT event: flags = 0; address = 7fd30106c00f\n" +" (uffdio_copy.copy returned 4096)\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106c00f in main(): A\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106c40f in main(): A\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106c80f in main(): A\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106cc0f in main(): A\n" +"\\&\n" +"fault_handler_thread():\n" +" poll() returns: nready = 1; POLLIN = 1; POLLERR = 0\n" +" UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT event: flags = 0; address = 7fd30106d00f\n" +" (uffdio_copy.copy returned 4096)\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106d00f in main(): B\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106d40f in main(): B\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106d80f in main(): B\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106dc0f in main(): B\n" +"\\&\n" +"fault_handler_thread():\n" +" poll() returns: nready = 1; POLLIN = 1; POLLERR = 0\n" +" UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT event: flags = 0; address = 7fd30106e00f\n" +" (uffdio_copy.copy returned 4096)\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106e00f in main(): C\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106e40f in main(): C\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106e80f in main(): C\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106ec0f in main(): C\n" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Program source" +msgstr "Source du programme" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#, fuzzy, no-wrap +#| msgid "" +#| "/* userfaultfd_demo.c\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " Licensed under the GNU General Public License version 2 or later.\n" +#| "*/\n" +#| "#define _GNU_SOURCE\n" +#| "#include E<lt>err.hE<gt>\n" +#| "#include E<lt>errno.hE<gt>\n" +#| "#include E<lt>fcntl.hE<gt>\n" +#| "#include E<lt>inttypes.hE<gt>\n" +#| "#include E<lt>linux/userfaultfd.hE<gt>\n" +#| "#include E<lt>poll.hE<gt>\n" +#| "#include E<lt>pthread.hE<gt>\n" +#| "#include E<lt>stdio.hE<gt>\n" +#| "#include E<lt>stdlib.hE<gt>\n" +#| "#include E<lt>string.hE<gt>\n" +#| "#include E<lt>sys/ioctl.hE<gt>\n" +#| "#include E<lt>sys/mman.hE<gt>\n" +#| "#include E<lt>sys/syscall.hE<gt>\n" +#| "#include E<lt>unistd.hE<gt>\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| "static int page_size;\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| "static void *\n" +#| "fault_handler_thread(void *arg)\n" +#| "{\n" +#| " int nready;\n" +#| " long uffd; /* userfaultfd file descriptor */\n" +#| " ssize_t nread;\n" +#| " struct pollfd pollfd;\n" +#| " struct uffdio_copy uffdio_copy;\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " static int fault_cnt = 0; /* Number of faults so far handled */\n" +#| " static char *page = NULL;\n" +#| " static struct uffd_msg msg; /* Data read from userfaultfd */\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " uffd = (long) arg;\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " /* Create a page that will be copied into the faulting region. */\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " if (page == NULL) {\n" +#| " page = mmap(NULL, page_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,\n" +#| " MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);\n" +#| " if (page == MAP_FAILED)\n" +#| " err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"mmap\");\n" +#| " }\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " /* Loop, handling incoming events on the userfaultfd\n" +#| " file descriptor. */\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " for (;;) {\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " /* See what poll() tells us about the userfaultfd. */\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " pollfd.fd = uffd;\n" +#| " pollfd.events = POLLIN;\n" +#| " nready = poll(&pollfd, 1, -1);\n" +#| " if (nready == -1)\n" +#| " err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"poll\");\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " printf(\"\\enfault_handler_thread():\\en\");\n" +#| " printf(\" poll() returns: nready = %d; \"\n" +#| " \"POLLIN = %d; POLLERR = %d\\en\", nready,\n" +#| " (pollfd.revents & POLLIN) != 0,\n" +#| " (pollfd.revents & POLLERR) != 0);\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " /* Read an event from the userfaultfd. */\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " nread = read(uffd, &msg, sizeof(msg));\n" +#| " if (nread == 0) {\n" +#| " printf(\"EOF on userfaultfd!\\en\");\n" +#| " exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n" +#| " }\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " if (nread == -1)\n" +#| " err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"read\");\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " /* We expect only one kind of event; verify that assumption. */\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " if (msg.event != UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT) {\n" +#| " fprintf(stderr, \"Unexpected event on userfaultfd\\en\");\n" +#| " exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n" +#| " }\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " /* Display info about the page-fault event. */\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " printf(\" UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT event: \");\n" +#| " printf(\"flags = %\"PRIx64\"; \", msg.arg.pagefault.flags);\n" +#| " printf(\"address = %\"PRIx64\"\\en\", msg.arg.pagefault.address);\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " /* Copy the page pointed to by \\[aq]page\\[aq] into the faulting\n" +#| " region. Vary the contents that are copied in, so that it\n" +#| " is more obvious that each fault is handled separately. */\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " memset(page, \\[aq]A\\[aq] + fault_cnt % 20, page_size);\n" +#| " fault_cnt++;\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " uffdio_copy.src = (unsigned long) page;\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " /* We need to handle page faults in units of pages(!).\n" +#| " So, round faulting address down to page boundary. */\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " uffdio_copy.dst = (unsigned long) msg.arg.pagefault.address &\n" +#| " \\[ti](page_size - 1);\n" +#| " uffdio_copy.len = page_size;\n" +#| " uffdio_copy.mode = 0;\n" +#| " uffdio_copy.copy = 0;\n" +#| " if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_COPY, &uffdio_copy) == -1)\n" +#| " err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"ioctl-UFFDIO_COPY\");\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " printf(\" (uffdio_copy.copy returned %\"PRId64\")\\en\",\n" +#| " uffdio_copy.copy);\n" +#| " }\n" +#| "}\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| "int\n" +#| "main(int argc, char *argv[])\n" +#| "{\n" +#| " int s;\n" +#| " char c;\n" +#| " char *addr; /* Start of region handled by userfaultfd */\n" +#| " long uffd; /* userfaultfd file descriptor */\n" +#| " size_t len, l; /* Length of region handled by userfaultfd */\n" +#| " pthread_t thr; /* ID of thread that handles page faults */\n" +#| " struct uffdio_api uffdio_api;\n" +#| " struct uffdio_register uffdio_register;\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " if (argc != 2) {\n" +#| " fprintf(stderr, \"Usage: %s num-pages\\en\", argv[0]);\n" +#| " exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n" +#| " }\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE);\n" +#| " len = strtoull(argv[1], NULL, 0) * page_size;\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " /* Create and enable userfaultfd object. */\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " uffd = syscall(SYS_userfaultfd, O_CLOEXEC | O_NONBLOCK);\n" +#| " if (uffd == -1)\n" +#| " err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"userfaultfd\");\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " uffdio_api.api = UFFD_API;\n" +#| " uffdio_api.features = 0;\n" +#| " if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_API, &uffdio_api) == -1)\n" +#| " err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"ioctl-UFFDIO_API\");\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " /* Create a private anonymous mapping. The memory will be\n" +#| " demand-zero paged--that is, not yet allocated. When we\n" +#| " actually touch the memory, it will be allocated via\n" +#| " the userfaultfd. */\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " addr = mmap(NULL, len, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,\n" +#| " MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);\n" +#| " if (addr == MAP_FAILED)\n" +#| " err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"mmap\");\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " printf(\"Address returned by mmap() = %p\\en\", addr);\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " /* Register the memory range of the mapping we just created for\n" +#| " handling by the userfaultfd object. In mode, we request to track\n" +#| " missing pages (i.e., pages that have not yet been faulted in). */\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " uffdio_register.range.start = (unsigned long) addr;\n" +#| " uffdio_register.range.len = len;\n" +#| " uffdio_register.mode = UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING;\n" +#| " if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_REGISTER, &uffdio_register) == -1)\n" +#| " err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"ioctl-UFFDIO_REGISTER\");\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " /* Create a thread that will process the userfaultfd events. */\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " s = pthread_create(&thr, NULL, fault_handler_thread, (void *) uffd);\n" +#| " if (s != 0) {\n" +#| " errc(EXIT_FAILURE, s, \"pthread_create\");\n" +#| " }\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " /* Main thread now touches memory in the mapping, touching\n" +#| " locations 1024 bytes apart. This will trigger userfaultfd\n" +#| " events for all pages in the region. */\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " l = 0xf; /* Ensure that faulting address is not on a page\n" +#| " boundary, in order to test that we correctly\n" +#| " handle that case in fault_handling_thread(). */\n" +#| " while (l E<lt> len) {\n" +#| " c = addr[l];\n" +#| " printf(\"Read address %p in %s(): \", addr + l, __func__);\n" +#| " printf(\"%c\\en\", c);\n" +#| " l += 1024;\n" +#| " usleep(100000); /* Slow things down a little */\n" +#| " }\n" +#| "\\&\n" +#| " exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);\n" +#| "}\n" +msgid "" +"/* userfaultfd_demo.c\n" +"\\&\n" +" Licensed under the GNU General Public License version 2 or later.\n" +"*/\n" +"#define _GNU_SOURCE\n" +"#include E<lt>err.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>errno.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>fcntl.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>inttypes.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>linux/userfaultfd.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>poll.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>pthread.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>stdio.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>stdlib.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>string.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>sys/ioctl.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>sys/mman.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>sys/syscall.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>unistd.hE<gt>\n" +"\\&\n" +"static int page_size;\n" +"\\&\n" +"static void *\n" +"fault_handler_thread(void *arg)\n" +"{\n" +" int nready;\n" +" long uffd; /* userfaultfd file descriptor */\n" +" ssize_t nread;\n" +" struct pollfd pollfd;\n" +" struct uffdio_copy uffdio_copy;\n" +"\\&\n" +" static int fault_cnt = 0; /* Number of faults so far handled */\n" +" static char *page = NULL;\n" +" static struct uffd_msg msg; /* Data read from userfaultfd */\n" +"\\&\n" +" uffd = (long) arg;\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Create a page that will be copied into the faulting region. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" if (page == NULL) {\n" +" page = mmap(NULL, page_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,\n" +" MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);\n" +" if (page == MAP_FAILED)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"mmap\");\n" +" }\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Loop, handling incoming events on the userfaultfd\n" +" file descriptor. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" for (;;) {\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* See what poll() tells us about the userfaultfd. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" pollfd.fd = uffd;\n" +" pollfd.events = POLLIN;\n" +" nready = poll(&pollfd, 1, -1);\n" +" if (nready == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"poll\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" printf(\"\\enfault_handler_thread():\\en\");\n" +" printf(\" poll() returns: nready = %d; \"\n" +" \"POLLIN = %d; POLLERR = %d\\en\", nready,\n" +" (pollfd.revents & POLLIN) != 0,\n" +" (pollfd.revents & POLLERR) != 0);\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Read an event from the userfaultfd. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" nread = read(uffd, &msg, sizeof(msg));\n" +" if (nread == 0) {\n" +" printf(\"EOF on userfaultfd!\\en\");\n" +" exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n" +" }\n" +"\\&\n" +" if (nread == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"read\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* We expect only one kind of event; verify that assumption. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" if (msg.event != UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT) {\n" +" fprintf(stderr, \"Unexpected event on userfaultfd\\en\");\n" +" exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n" +" }\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Display info about the page-fault event. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" printf(\" UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT event: \");\n" +" printf(\"flags = %\"PRIx64\"; \", msg.arg.pagefault.flags);\n" +" printf(\"address = %\"PRIx64\"\\en\", msg.arg.pagefault.address);\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Copy the page pointed to by \\[aq]page\\[aq] into the faulting\n" +" region. Vary the contents that are copied in, so that it\n" +" is more obvious that each fault is handled separately. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" memset(page, \\[aq]A\\[aq] + fault_cnt % 20, page_size);\n" +" fault_cnt++;\n" +"\\&\n" +" uffdio_copy.src = (unsigned long) page;\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* We need to handle page faults in units of pages(!).\n" +" So, round faulting address down to page boundary. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" uffdio_copy.dst = (unsigned long) msg.arg.pagefault.address &\n" +" \\[ti](page_size - 1);\n" +" uffdio_copy.len = page_size;\n" +" uffdio_copy.mode = 0;\n" +" uffdio_copy.copy = 0;\n" +" if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_COPY, &uffdio_copy) == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"ioctl-UFFDIO_COPY\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" printf(\" (uffdio_copy.copy returned %\"PRId64\")\\en\",\n" +" uffdio_copy.copy);\n" +" }\n" +"}\n" +"\\&\n" +"int\n" +"main(int argc, char *argv[])\n" +"{\n" +" int s;\n" +" char c;\n" +" char *addr; /* Start of region handled by userfaultfd */\n" +" long uffd; /* userfaultfd file descriptor */\n" +" size_t len, l; /* Length of region handled by userfaultfd */\n" +" pthread_t thr; /* ID of thread that handles page faults */\n" +" struct uffdio_api uffdio_api;\n" +" struct uffdio_register uffdio_register;\n" +"\\&\n" +" if (argc != 2) {\n" +" fprintf(stderr, \"Usage: %s num-pages\\en\", argv[0]);\n" +" exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n" +" }\n" +"\\&\n" +" page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE);\n" +" len = strtoull(argv[1], NULL, 0) * page_size;\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Create and enable userfaultfd object. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" uffd = syscall(SYS_userfaultfd, O_CLOEXEC | O_NONBLOCK);\n" +" if (uffd == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"userfaultfd\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* NOTE: Two-step feature handshake is not needed here, since this\n" +" example doesn't require any specific features.\n" +"\\&\n" +" Programs that *do* should call UFFDIO_API twice: once with\n" +" `features = 0` to detect features supported by this kernel, and\n" +" again with the subset of features the program actually wants to\n" +" enable. */\n" +" uffdio_api.api = UFFD_API;\n" +" uffdio_api.features = 0;\n" +" if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_API, &uffdio_api) == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"ioctl-UFFDIO_API\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Create a private anonymous mapping. The memory will be\n" +" demand-zero paged--that is, not yet allocated. When we\n" +" actually touch the memory, it will be allocated via\n" +" the userfaultfd. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" addr = mmap(NULL, len, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,\n" +" MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);\n" +" if (addr == MAP_FAILED)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"mmap\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" printf(\"Address returned by mmap() = %p\\en\", addr);\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Register the memory range of the mapping we just created for\n" +" handling by the userfaultfd object. In mode, we request to track\n" +" missing pages (i.e., pages that have not yet been faulted in). */\n" +"\\&\n" +" uffdio_register.range.start = (unsigned long) addr;\n" +" uffdio_register.range.len = len;\n" +" uffdio_register.mode = UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING;\n" +" if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_REGISTER, &uffdio_register) == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"ioctl-UFFDIO_REGISTER\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Create a thread that will process the userfaultfd events. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" s = pthread_create(&thr, NULL, fault_handler_thread, (void *) uffd);\n" +" if (s != 0) {\n" +" errc(EXIT_FAILURE, s, \"pthread_create\");\n" +" }\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Main thread now touches memory in the mapping, touching\n" +" locations 1024 bytes apart. This will trigger userfaultfd\n" +" events for all pages in the region. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" l = 0xf; /* Ensure that faulting address is not on a page\n" +" boundary, in order to test that we correctly\n" +" handle that case in fault_handling_thread(). */\n" +" while (l E<lt> len) {\n" +" c = addr[l];\n" +" printf(\"Read address %p in %s(): \", addr + l, __func__);\n" +" printf(\"%c\\en\", c);\n" +" l += 1024;\n" +" usleep(100000); /* Slow things down a little */\n" +" }\n" +"\\&\n" +" exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);\n" +"}\n" +msgstr "" +"/* userfaultfd_demo.c\n" +"\\&\n" +" Licensed under the GNU General Public License version 2 or later.\n" +"*/\n" +"#define _GNU_SOURCE\n" +"#include E<lt>err.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>errno.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>fcntl.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>inttypes.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>linux/userfaultfd.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>poll.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>pthread.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>stdio.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>stdlib.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>string.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>sys/ioctl.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>sys/mman.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>sys/syscall.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>unistd.hE<gt>\n" +"\\&\n" +"static int page_size;\n" +"\\&\n" +"static void *\n" +"fault_handler_thread(void *arg)\n" +"{\n" +" int nready;\n" +" long uffd; /* descripteur du fichier userfaultfd */\n" +" ssize_t nread;\n" +" struct pollfd pollfd;\n" +" struct uffdio_copy uffdio_copy;\n" +"\\&\n" +" static int fault_cnt = 0; /* Nombres d'erreurs déjà gérées */\n" +" static char *page = NULL;\n" +" static struct uffd_msg msg; /* Données lues à partir de userfaultfd */\n" +"\\&\n" +" uffd = (long) arg;\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Créer une page qui sera copiée dans la région en erreur. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" if (page == NULL) {\n" +" page = mmap(NULL, page_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,\n" +" MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);\n" +" if (page == MAP_FAILED)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"mmap\");\n" +" }\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Boucle gérant les événements entrants sur le descripteur\n" +" de fichier userfaultfd. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" for (;;) {\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Voir ce que poll() nous dit sur l'userfaultfd. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" pollfd.fd = uffd;\n" +" pollfd.events = POLLIN;\n" +" nready = poll(&pollfd, 1, -1);\n" +" if (nready == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"poll\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" printf(\"\\enfault_handler_thread():\\en\");\n" +" printf(\" poll() returns: nready = %d; \"\n" +" \"POLLIN = %d; POLLERR = %d\\en\", nready,\n" +" (pollfd.revents & POLLIN) != 0,\n" +" (pollfd.revents & POLLERR) != 0);\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Lire un événement à partir de l'userfaultfd. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" nread = read(uffd, &msg, sizeof(msg));\n" +" if (nread == 0) {\n" +" printf(\"EOF on userfaultfd!\\en\");\n" +" exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n" +" }\n" +"\\&\n" +" if (nread == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"read\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Un seul type d'événement est attendu ; il faut vérifier\n" +" cette supposition. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" if (msg.event != UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT) {\n" +" fprintf(stderr, \"Unexpected event on userfaultfd\\en\");\n" +" exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n" +" }\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Afficher une information sur l'événement erreur de page. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" printf(\" UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT event: \");\n" +" printf(\"flags = %\"PRIx64\"; \", msg.arg.pagefault.flags);\n" +" printf(\"address = %\"PRIx64\"\\en\", msg.arg.pagefault.address);\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Copier la page sur laquelle pointe la « page » dans la région\n" +" fautive. Varier le contenu copié, afin qu'il soit plus\n" +" évident que chaque erreur soit gérée séparément. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" memset(page, \\[aq]A\\[aq] + fault_cnt % 20, page_size);\n" +" fault_cnt++;\n" +"\\&\n" +" uffdio_copy.src = (unsigned long) page;\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Il est nécessaire de gérer les erreurs de page en\n" +" unités de pages(!). Aussi, il faut arrondir les\n" +" adresses fautives à la limite de page. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" uffdio_copy.dst = (unsigned long) msg.arg.pagefault.address &\n" +" \\[ti](page_size - 1);\n" +" uffdio_copy.len = page_size;\n" +" uffdio_copy.mode = 0;\n" +" uffdio_copy.copy = 0;\n" +" if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_COPY, &uffdio_copy) == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"ioctl-UFFDIO_COPY\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" printf(\" (uffdio_copy.copy returned %\"PRId64\")\\en\",\n" +" uffdio_copy.copy);\n" +" }\n" +"}\n" +"\\&\n" +"int\n" +"main(int argc, char *argv[])\n" +"{\n" +" int s;\n" +" char c;\n" +" char *addr; /* Début de la région gérée par userfaultfd */\n" +" long uffd; /* Descripteur de fichier userfaultfd */\n" +" size_t len, l; /* Taille de la région gérée par userfaultfd */\n" +" pthread_t thr; /* ID du thread qui gère les erreurs de page */\n" +" struct uffdio_api uffdio_api;\n" +" struct uffdio_register uffdio_register;\n" +"\\&\n" +" if (argc != 2) {\n" +" fprintf(stderr, \"Utilisation : %s num-pages\\en\", argv[0]);\n" +" exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n" +" }\n" +"\\&\n" +" page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE);\n" +" len = strtoull(argv[1], NULL, 0) * page_size;\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Créer et activer un objet userfaultfd. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" uffd = syscall(SYS_userfaultfd, O_CLOEXEC | O_NONBLOCK);\n" +" if (uffd == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"userfaultfd\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" uffdio_api.api = UFFD_API;\n" +" uffdio_api.features = 0;\n" +" if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_API, &uffdio_api) == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"ioctl-UFFDIO_API\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Créer un mappage anonyme privé. La mémoire sera paginée\n" +" avec aucune demande — c'est-à-dire, sans être encore\n" +" allouée. Quand la mémoire sera réellement utilisée,\n" +" elle sera allouée au moyen de l'userfaultfd. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" addr = mmap(NULL, len, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,\n" +" MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);\n" +" if (addr == MAP_FAILED)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"mmap\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" printf(\"Address returned by mmap() = %p\\en\", addr);\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Enregistrer l'intervalle de mémoire du mappage qui vient d'être\n" +" créé pour le traitement par l'objet userfaultfd. Dans mode,\n" +" suivre les pages manquantes (c'est-à-dire, les pages qui ne sont\n" +" pas encore fautives). */\n" +"\\&\n" +" uffdio_register.range.start = (unsigned long) addr;\n" +" uffdio_register.range.len = len;\n" +" uffdio_register.mode = UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING;\n" +" if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_REGISTER, &uffdio_register) == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"ioctl-UFFDIO_REGISTER\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Créer un thread qui traitera les événements userfaultfd. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" s = pthread_create(&thr, NULL, fault_handler_thread, (void *) uffd);\n" +" if (s != 0) {\n" +" errc(EXIT_FAILURE, s, \"pthread_create\");\n" +" }\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Le thread principal utilise la mémoire dans le mappage,\n" +" utilisant des emplacements séparés de 1024 octets. Cela va\n" +" déclencher des événements userfaultfd pour toutes les pages\n" +" dans la région. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" l = 0xf; /* Assurer que l'adresse fautive n'est pas sur une\n" +" limite de page afin de vérifier que ce cas est\n" +" correctement géré dans le fault_handling_thread(). */\n" +" while (l E<lt> len) {\n" +" c = addr[l];\n" +" printf(\"Read address %p in %s(): \", addr + l, __func__);\n" +" printf(\"%c\\en\", c);\n" +" l += 1024;\n" +" usleep(100000); /* Ralentir un peu le traitement */\n" +" }\n" +"\\&\n" +" exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);\n" +"}\n" + +#. SRC END +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "SEE ALSO" +msgstr "VOIR AUSSI" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"B<fcntl>(2), B<ioctl>(2), B<ioctl_userfaultfd>(2), B<madvise>(2), B<mmap>(2)" +msgstr "" +"B<fcntl>(2), B<ioctl>(2), B<ioctl_userfaultfd>(2), B<madvise>(2), B<mmap>(2)" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"I<Documentation/admin-guide/mm/userfaultfd.rst> in the Linux kernel source " +"tree" +msgstr "" +"I<Documentation/admin-guide/mm/userfaultfd.rst> dans l'arborescence des " +"sources du noyau Linux" + +#. type: TH +#: debian-bookworm +#, no-wrap +msgid "2023-02-05" +msgstr "5 février 2023" + +#. type: TH +#: debian-bookworm +#, no-wrap +msgid "Linux man-pages 6.03" +msgstr "Pages du manuel de Linux 6.03" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"After the userfaultfd object is created with B<userfaultfd>(), the " +"application must enable it using the B<UFFDIO_API> B<ioctl>(2) operation. " +"This operation allows a handshake between the kernel and user space to " +"determine the API version and supported features. This operation must be " +"performed before any of the other B<ioctl>(2) operations described below " +"(or those operations fail with the B<EINVAL> error)." +msgstr "" +"Après la création de l'objet userfaultfd avec B<userfaultfd>(), " +"l'application doit l'activer en utilisant l'opération B<UFFDIO_API> de " +"B<ioctl>(2). Cette opération permet une connexion entre le noyau et l'espace " +"utilisateur pour déterminer la version de l'API et les fonctions prises en " +"charge. Cette opération doit être réalisée avant toutes les autres " +"opérations B<ioctl>(2) décrites plus bas (ou ces opérations échouent avec " +"l'erreur B<EINVAL>.)" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"After a successful B<UFFDIO_API> operation, the application then registers " +"memory address ranges using the B<UFFDIO_REGISTER> B<ioctl>(2) operation. " +"After successful completion of a B<UFFDIO_REGISTER> operation, a page fault " +"occurring in the requested memory range, and satisfying the mode defined at " +"the registration time, will be forwarded by the kernel to the user-space " +"application. The application can then use the B<UFFDIO_COPY ,> " +"B<UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE ,> or B<UFFDIO_CONTINUE> B<ioctl>(2) operations to " +"resolve the page fault." +msgstr "" +"Après le succès d'une opération B<UFFDIO_API>, l'application enregistre " +"alors les intervalles d'adresses mémoire en utilisant l'opération " +"d'B<ioctl>(2) B<UFFDIO_REGISTER>. Quand l'opération B<UFFDIO_REGISTER> s'est " +"achevée avec succès, une erreur de page, se produisant dans l'intervalle de " +"mémoire requis et satisfaisant au mode défini au moment de l'enregistrement, " +"sera transmis par le noyau à l'application de l'espace utilisateur. " +"L'application peut alors utiliser les opérations d'B<ioctl>(2) " +"B<UFFDIO_COPY>, B<UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE> ou B<UFFDIO_CONTINUE> pour résoudre " +"l'erreur de page." + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"struct uffd_msg {\n" +" __u8 event; /* Type of event */\n" +" ...\n" +" union {\n" +" struct {\n" +" __u64 flags; /* Flags describing fault */\n" +" __u64 address; /* Faulting address */\n" +" union {\n" +" __u32 ptid; /* Thread ID of the fault */\n" +" } feat;\n" +" } pagefault;\n" +msgstr "" +"struct uffd_msg {\n" +" __u8 event; /* Type d'événement */\n" +" ...\n" +" union {\n" +" struct {\n" +" __u64 flags; /* Attributs décrivant l'erreur */\n" +" __u64 address; /* Adresse fautive */\n" +" union {\n" +" __u32 ptid; /* ID du thread de l'erreur */\n" +" } feat;\n" +" } pagefault;\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" struct { /* Since Linux 4.11 */\n" +" __u32 ufd; /* Userfault file descriptor\n" +" of the child process */\n" +" } fork;\n" +msgstr "" +" struct { /* Depuis Linux 4.11 */\n" +" __u32 ufd; /* Descripteur de ficher d'userfault\n" +" du processus enfant */\n" +" } fork;\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" struct { /* Since Linux 4.11 */\n" +" __u64 from; /* Old address of remapped area */\n" +" __u64 to; /* New address of remapped area */\n" +" __u64 len; /* Original mapping length */\n" +" } remap;\n" +msgstr "" +" struct { /* Depuis Linux 4.11 */\n" +" __u64 from; /* Ancienne adresse de la zone remappée */\n" +" __u64 to; /* Nouvelle adresse de la zone remappée */\n" +" __u64 len; /* Taille originale du mappage */\n" +" } remap;\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" struct { /* Since Linux 4.11 */\n" +" __u64 start; /* Start address of removed area */\n" +" __u64 end; /* End address of removed area */\n" +" } remove;\n" +" ...\n" +" } arg;\n" +msgstr "" +" struct { /* Depuis Linux 4.11 */\n" +" __u64 start; /* Adresse de début de la zone supprimée */\n" +" __u64 end; /* Adresse de fin de la zone supprimée */\n" +" } remove;\n" +" ...\n" +" } arg;\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" /* Padding fields omitted */\n" +"} __packed;\n" +msgstr "" +" /* Remplissage des champs omis */\n" +"} __packed;\n" + +#. type: SH +#: debian-bookworm +#, no-wrap +msgid "VERSIONS" +msgstr "VERSIONS" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm +msgid "The B<userfaultfd>() system call first appeared in Linux 4.3." +msgstr "" +"L'appel système B<userfaultfd>() est apparu pour la première fois dans " +"Linux 4.3." + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm +msgid "" +"The support for hugetlbfs and shared memory areas and non-page-fault events " +"was added in Linux 4.11" +msgstr "" +"La prise en charge des zones de mémoire hugetlbfs et partagée et des " +"événements qui ne sont pas des erreurs de page a été ajoutée dans Linux 4.11" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm +msgid "" +"B<userfaultfd>() is Linux-specific and should not be used in programs " +"intended to be portable." +msgstr "" +"B<userfaultfd>() est spécifique à Linux et ne devrait pas être employé dans " +"des programmes destinés à être portables." + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"$ B<./userfaultfd_demo 3>\n" +"Address returned by mmap() = 0x7fd30106c000\n" +msgstr "" +"$ B<./userfaultfd_demo 3>\n" +"Address returned by mmap() = 0x7fd30106c000\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"fault_handler_thread():\n" +" poll() returns: nready = 1; POLLIN = 1; POLLERR = 0\n" +" UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT event: flags = 0; address = 7fd30106c00f\n" +" (uffdio_copy.copy returned 4096)\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106c00f in main(): A\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106c40f in main(): A\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106c80f in main(): A\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106cc0f in main(): A\n" +msgstr "" +"fault_handler_thread():\n" +" poll() returns: nready = 1; POLLIN = 1; POLLERR = 0\n" +" UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT event: flags = 0; address = 7fd30106c00f\n" +" (uffdio_copy.copy returned 4096)\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106c00f in main(): A\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106c40f in main(): A\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106c80f in main(): A\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106cc0f in main(): A\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"fault_handler_thread():\n" +" poll() returns: nready = 1; POLLIN = 1; POLLERR = 0\n" +" UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT event: flags = 0; address = 7fd30106d00f\n" +" (uffdio_copy.copy returned 4096)\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106d00f in main(): B\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106d40f in main(): B\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106d80f in main(): B\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106dc0f in main(): B\n" +msgstr "" +"fault_handler_thread():\n" +" poll() returns: nready = 1; POLLIN = 1; POLLERR = 0\n" +" UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT event: flags = 0; address = 7fd30106d00f\n" +" (uffdio_copy.copy returned 4096)\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106d00f in main(): B\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106d40f in main(): B\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106d80f in main(): B\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106dc0f in main(): B\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"fault_handler_thread():\n" +" poll() returns: nready = 1; POLLIN = 1; POLLERR = 0\n" +" UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT event: flags = 0; address = 7fd30106e00f\n" +" (uffdio_copy.copy returned 4096)\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106e00f in main(): C\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106e40f in main(): C\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106e80f in main(): C\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106ec0f in main(): C\n" +msgstr "" +"fault_handler_thread():\n" +" poll() returns: nready = 1; POLLIN = 1; POLLERR = 0\n" +" UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT event: flags = 0; address = 7fd30106e00f\n" +" (uffdio_copy.copy returned 4096)\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106e00f in main(): C\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106e40f in main(): C\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106e80f in main(): C\n" +"Read address 0x7fd30106ec0f in main(): C\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "/* userfaultfd_demo.c\n" +msgstr "/* userfaultfd_demo.c\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" Licensed under the GNU General Public License version 2 or later.\n" +"*/\n" +"#define _GNU_SOURCE\n" +"#include E<lt>err.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>errno.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>fcntl.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>inttypes.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>linux/userfaultfd.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>poll.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>pthread.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>stdio.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>stdlib.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>string.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>sys/ioctl.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>sys/mman.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>sys/syscall.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>unistd.hE<gt>\n" +msgstr "" +" Licensed under the GNU General Public License version 2 or later.\n" +"*/\n" +"#define _GNU_SOURCE\n" +"#include E<lt>err.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>errno.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>fcntl.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>inttypes.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>linux/userfaultfd.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>poll.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>pthread.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>stdio.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>stdlib.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>string.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>sys/ioctl.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>sys/mman.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>sys/syscall.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>unistd.hE<gt>\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "static int page_size;\n" +msgstr "static int page_size;\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"static void *\n" +"fault_handler_thread(void *arg)\n" +"{\n" +" int nready;\n" +" long uffd; /* userfaultfd file descriptor */\n" +" ssize_t nread;\n" +" struct pollfd pollfd;\n" +" struct uffdio_copy uffdio_copy;\n" +msgstr "" +"static void *\n" +"fault_handler_thread(void *arg)\n" +"{\n" +" int nready;\n" +" long uffd; /* descripteur du fichier userfaultfd */\n" +" ssize_t nread;\n" +" struct pollfd pollfd;\n" +" struct uffdio_copy uffdio_copy;\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" static int fault_cnt = 0; /* Number of faults so far handled */\n" +" static char *page = NULL;\n" +" static struct uffd_msg msg; /* Data read from userfaultfd */\n" +msgstr "" +" static int fault_cnt = 0; /* Nombres d'erreurs déjà gérées */\n" +" static char *page = NULL;\n" +" static struct uffd_msg msg; /* Données lues à partir de userfaultfd */\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid " uffd = (long) arg;\n" +msgstr " uffd = (long) arg;\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid " /* Create a page that will be copied into the faulting region. */\n" +msgstr " /* Créer une page qui sera copiée dans la région en erreur. */\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" if (page == NULL) {\n" +" page = mmap(NULL, page_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,\n" +" MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);\n" +" if (page == MAP_FAILED)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"mmap\");\n" +" }\n" +msgstr "" +" if (page == NULL) {\n" +" page = mmap(NULL, page_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,\n" +" MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);\n" +" if (page == MAP_FAILED)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"mmap\");\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" /* Loop, handling incoming events on the userfaultfd\n" +" file descriptor. */\n" +msgstr "" +" /* Boucle gérant les événements entrants sur le descripteur\n" +" de fichier userfaultfd. */\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid " for (;;) {\n" +msgstr " for (;;) {\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid " /* See what poll() tells us about the userfaultfd. */\n" +msgstr " /* Voir ce que poll() nous dit sur l'userfaultfd. */\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" pollfd.fd = uffd;\n" +" pollfd.events = POLLIN;\n" +" nready = poll(&pollfd, 1, -1);\n" +" if (nready == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"poll\");\n" +msgstr "" +" pollfd.fd = uffd;\n" +" pollfd.events = POLLIN;\n" +" nready = poll(&pollfd, 1, -1);\n" +" if (nready == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"poll\");\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" printf(\"\\enfault_handler_thread():\\en\");\n" +" printf(\" poll() returns: nready = %d; \"\n" +" \"POLLIN = %d; POLLERR = %d\\en\", nready,\n" +" (pollfd.revents & POLLIN) != 0,\n" +" (pollfd.revents & POLLERR) != 0);\n" +msgstr "" +" printf(\"\\enfault_handler_thread():\\en\");\n" +" printf(\" poll() returns: nready = %d; \"\n" +" \"POLLIN = %d; POLLERR = %d\\en\", nready,\n" +" (pollfd.revents & POLLIN) != 0,\n" +" (pollfd.revents & POLLERR) != 0);\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid " /* Read an event from the userfaultfd. */\n" +msgstr " /* Lire un événement à partir de l'userfaultfd. */\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" nread = read(uffd, &msg, sizeof(msg));\n" +" if (nread == 0) {\n" +" printf(\"EOF on userfaultfd!\\en\");\n" +" exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n" +" }\n" +msgstr "" +" nread = read(uffd, &msg, sizeof(msg));\n" +" if (nread == 0) {\n" +" printf(\"EOF on userfaultfd!\\en\");\n" +" exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n" +" }\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" if (nread == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"read\");\n" +msgstr "" +" if (nread == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"read\");\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid " /* We expect only one kind of event; verify that assumption. */\n" +msgstr "" +" /* Un seul type d'événement est attendu ; il faut vérifier\n" +" cette supposition. */\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" if (msg.event != UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT) {\n" +" fprintf(stderr, \"Unexpected event on userfaultfd\\en\");\n" +" exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n" +" }\n" +msgstr "" +" if (msg.event != UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT) {\n" +" fprintf(stderr, \"Unexpected event on userfaultfd\\en\");\n" +" exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n" +" }\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid " /* Display info about the page-fault event. */\n" +msgstr " /* Afficher une information sur l'événement erreur de page. */\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" printf(\" UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT event: \");\n" +" printf(\"flags = %\"PRIx64\"; \", msg.arg.pagefault.flags);\n" +" printf(\"address = %\"PRIx64\"\\en\", msg.arg.pagefault.address);\n" +msgstr "" +" printf(\" UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT event: \");\n" +" printf(\"flags = %\"PRIx64\"; \", msg.arg.pagefault.flags);\n" +" printf(\"address = %\"PRIx64\"\\en\", msg.arg.pagefault.address);\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" /* Copy the page pointed to by \\[aq]page\\[aq] into the faulting\n" +" region. Vary the contents that are copied in, so that it\n" +" is more obvious that each fault is handled separately. */\n" +msgstr "" +" /* Copier la page sur laquelle pointe la « page » dans la région\n" +" fautive. Varier le contenu copié, afin qu'il soit plus\n" +" évident que chaque erreur soit gérée séparément. */\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" memset(page, \\[aq]A\\[aq] + fault_cnt % 20, page_size);\n" +" fault_cnt++;\n" +msgstr "" +" memset(page, \\[aq]A\\[aq] + fault_cnt % 20, page_size);\n" +" fault_cnt++;\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid " uffdio_copy.src = (unsigned long) page;\n" +msgstr " uffdio_copy.src = (unsigned long) page;\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" /* We need to handle page faults in units of pages(!).\n" +" So, round faulting address down to page boundary. */\n" +msgstr "" +" /* Il est nécessaire de gérer les erreurs de page en\n" +" unités de pages(!). Aussi, il faut arrondir les\n" +" adresses fautives à la limite de page. */\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" uffdio_copy.dst = (unsigned long) msg.arg.pagefault.address &\n" +" \\[ti](page_size - 1);\n" +" uffdio_copy.len = page_size;\n" +" uffdio_copy.mode = 0;\n" +" uffdio_copy.copy = 0;\n" +" if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_COPY, &uffdio_copy) == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"ioctl-UFFDIO_COPY\");\n" +msgstr "" +" uffdio_copy.dst = (unsigned long) msg.arg.pagefault.address &\n" +" \\[ti](page_size - 1);\n" +" uffdio_copy.len = page_size;\n" +" uffdio_copy.mode = 0;\n" +" uffdio_copy.copy = 0;\n" +" if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_COPY, &uffdio_copy) == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"ioctl-UFFDIO_COPY\");\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" printf(\" (uffdio_copy.copy returned %\"PRId64\")\\en\",\n" +" uffdio_copy.copy);\n" +" }\n" +"}\n" +msgstr "" +" printf(\" (uffdio_copy.copy returned %\"PRId64\")\\en\",\n" +" uffdio_copy.copy);\n" +" }\n" +"}\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"int\n" +"main(int argc, char *argv[])\n" +"{\n" +" int s;\n" +" char c;\n" +" char *addr; /* Start of region handled by userfaultfd */\n" +" long uffd; /* userfaultfd file descriptor */\n" +" size_t len, l; /* Length of region handled by userfaultfd */\n" +" pthread_t thr; /* ID of thread that handles page faults */\n" +" struct uffdio_api uffdio_api;\n" +" struct uffdio_register uffdio_register;\n" +msgstr "" +"int\n" +"main(int argc, char *argv[])\n" +"{\n" +" int s;\n" +" char c;\n" +" char *addr; /* Début de la région gérée par userfaultfd */\n" +" long uffd; /* Descripteur de fichier userfaultfd */\n" +" size_t len, l; /* Taille de la région gérée par userfaultfd */\n" +" pthread_t thr; /* ID du thread qui gère les erreurs de page */\n" +" struct uffdio_api uffdio_api;\n" +" struct uffdio_register uffdio_register;\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" if (argc != 2) {\n" +" fprintf(stderr, \"Usage: %s num-pages\\en\", argv[0]);\n" +" exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n" +" }\n" +msgstr "" +" if (argc != 2) {\n" +" fprintf(stderr, \"Utilisation : %s num-pages\\en\", argv[0]);\n" +" exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n" +" }\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE);\n" +" len = strtoull(argv[1], NULL, 0) * page_size;\n" +msgstr "" +" page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE);\n" +" len = strtoull(argv[1], NULL, 0) * page_size;\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid " /* Create and enable userfaultfd object. */\n" +msgstr " /* Créer et activer un objet userfaultfd. */\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" uffd = syscall(SYS_userfaultfd, O_CLOEXEC | O_NONBLOCK);\n" +" if (uffd == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"userfaultfd\");\n" +msgstr "" +" uffd = syscall(SYS_userfaultfd, O_CLOEXEC | O_NONBLOCK);\n" +" if (uffd == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"userfaultfd\");\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" uffdio_api.api = UFFD_API;\n" +" uffdio_api.features = 0;\n" +" if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_API, &uffdio_api) == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"ioctl-UFFDIO_API\");\n" +msgstr "" +" uffdio_api.api = UFFD_API;\n" +" uffdio_api.features = 0;\n" +" if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_API, &uffdio_api) == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"ioctl-UFFDIO_API\");\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" /* Create a private anonymous mapping. The memory will be\n" +" demand-zero paged--that is, not yet allocated. When we\n" +" actually touch the memory, it will be allocated via\n" +" the userfaultfd. */\n" +msgstr "" +" /* Créer un mappage anonyme privé. La mémoire sera paginée\n" +" avec aucune demande — c'est-à-dire, sans être encore\n" +" allouée. Quand la mémoire sera réellement utilisée,\n" +" elle sera allouée au moyen de l'userfaultfd. */\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" addr = mmap(NULL, len, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,\n" +" MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);\n" +" if (addr == MAP_FAILED)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"mmap\");\n" +msgstr "" +" addr = mmap(NULL, len, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,\n" +" MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);\n" +" if (addr == MAP_FAILED)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"mmap\");\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid " printf(\"Address returned by mmap() = %p\\en\", addr);\n" +msgstr " printf(\"Address returned by mmap() = %p\\en\", addr);\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" /* Register the memory range of the mapping we just created for\n" +" handling by the userfaultfd object. In mode, we request to track\n" +" missing pages (i.e., pages that have not yet been faulted in). */\n" +msgstr "" +" /* Enregistrer l'intervalle de mémoire du mappage qui vient d'être\n" +" créé pour le traitement par l'objet userfaultfd. Dans mode,\n" +" suivre les pages manquantes (c'est-à-dire, les pages qui ne sont\n" +" pas encore fautives). */\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" uffdio_register.range.start = (unsigned long) addr;\n" +" uffdio_register.range.len = len;\n" +" uffdio_register.mode = UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING;\n" +" if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_REGISTER, &uffdio_register) == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"ioctl-UFFDIO_REGISTER\");\n" +msgstr "" +" uffdio_register.range.start = (unsigned long) addr;\n" +" uffdio_register.range.len = len;\n" +" uffdio_register.mode = UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING;\n" +" if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_REGISTER, &uffdio_register) == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"ioctl-UFFDIO_REGISTER\");\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid " /* Create a thread that will process the userfaultfd events. */\n" +msgstr " /* Créer un thread qui traitera les événements userfaultfd. */\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" s = pthread_create(&thr, NULL, fault_handler_thread, (void *) uffd);\n" +" if (s != 0) {\n" +" errc(EXIT_FAILURE, s, \"pthread_create\");\n" +" }\n" +msgstr "" +" s = pthread_create(&thr, NULL, fault_handler_thread, (void *) uffd);\n" +" if (s != 0) {\n" +" errc(EXIT_FAILURE, s, \"pthread_create\");\n" +" }\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" /* Main thread now touches memory in the mapping, touching\n" +" locations 1024 bytes apart. This will trigger userfaultfd\n" +" events for all pages in the region. */\n" +msgstr "" +" /* Le thread principal utilise la mémoire dans le mappage,\n" +" utilisant des emplacements séparés de 1024 octets. Cela va\n" +" déclencher des événements userfaultfd pour toutes les pages\n" +" dans la région. */\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" l = 0xf; /* Ensure that faulting address is not on a page\n" +" boundary, in order to test that we correctly\n" +" handle that case in fault_handling_thread(). */\n" +" while (l E<lt> len) {\n" +" c = addr[l];\n" +" printf(\"Read address %p in %s(): \", addr + l, __func__);\n" +" printf(\"%c\\en\", c);\n" +" l += 1024;\n" +" usleep(100000); /* Slow things down a little */\n" +" }\n" +msgstr "" +" l = 0xf; /* Assurer que l'adresse fautive n'est pas sur une\n" +" limite de page afin de vérifier que ce cas est\n" +" correctement géré dans le fault_handling_thread(). */\n" +" while (l E<lt> len) {\n" +" c = addr[l];\n" +" printf(\"Read address %p in %s(): \", addr + l, __func__);\n" +" printf(\"%c\\en\", c);\n" +" l += 1024;\n" +" usleep(100000); /* Ralentir un peu le traitement */\n" +" }\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +" exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);\n" +"}\n" +msgstr "" +" exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);\n" +"}\n" + +#. type: TH +#: debian-unstable opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "2023-05-03" +msgstr "3 mai 2023" + +#. type: TH +#: debian-unstable opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Linux man-pages 6.05.01" +msgstr "Pages du manuel de Linux 6.05.01" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-unstable opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"/* userfaultfd_demo.c\n" +"\\&\n" +" Licensed under the GNU General Public License version 2 or later.\n" +"*/\n" +"#define _GNU_SOURCE\n" +"#include E<lt>err.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>errno.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>fcntl.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>inttypes.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>linux/userfaultfd.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>poll.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>pthread.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>stdio.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>stdlib.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>string.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>sys/ioctl.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>sys/mman.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>sys/syscall.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>unistd.hE<gt>\n" +"\\&\n" +"static int page_size;\n" +"\\&\n" +"static void *\n" +"fault_handler_thread(void *arg)\n" +"{\n" +" int nready;\n" +" long uffd; /* userfaultfd file descriptor */\n" +" ssize_t nread;\n" +" struct pollfd pollfd;\n" +" struct uffdio_copy uffdio_copy;\n" +"\\&\n" +" static int fault_cnt = 0; /* Number of faults so far handled */\n" +" static char *page = NULL;\n" +" static struct uffd_msg msg; /* Data read from userfaultfd */\n" +"\\&\n" +" uffd = (long) arg;\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Create a page that will be copied into the faulting region. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" if (page == NULL) {\n" +" page = mmap(NULL, page_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,\n" +" MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);\n" +" if (page == MAP_FAILED)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"mmap\");\n" +" }\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Loop, handling incoming events on the userfaultfd\n" +" file descriptor. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" for (;;) {\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* See what poll() tells us about the userfaultfd. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" pollfd.fd = uffd;\n" +" pollfd.events = POLLIN;\n" +" nready = poll(&pollfd, 1, -1);\n" +" if (nready == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"poll\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" printf(\"\\enfault_handler_thread():\\en\");\n" +" printf(\" poll() returns: nready = %d; \"\n" +" \"POLLIN = %d; POLLERR = %d\\en\", nready,\n" +" (pollfd.revents & POLLIN) != 0,\n" +" (pollfd.revents & POLLERR) != 0);\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Read an event from the userfaultfd. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" nread = read(uffd, &msg, sizeof(msg));\n" +" if (nread == 0) {\n" +" printf(\"EOF on userfaultfd!\\en\");\n" +" exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n" +" }\n" +"\\&\n" +" if (nread == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"read\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* We expect only one kind of event; verify that assumption. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" if (msg.event != UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT) {\n" +" fprintf(stderr, \"Unexpected event on userfaultfd\\en\");\n" +" exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n" +" }\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Display info about the page-fault event. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" printf(\" UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT event: \");\n" +" printf(\"flags = %\"PRIx64\"; \", msg.arg.pagefault.flags);\n" +" printf(\"address = %\"PRIx64\"\\en\", msg.arg.pagefault.address);\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Copy the page pointed to by \\[aq]page\\[aq] into the faulting\n" +" region. Vary the contents that are copied in, so that it\n" +" is more obvious that each fault is handled separately. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" memset(page, \\[aq]A\\[aq] + fault_cnt % 20, page_size);\n" +" fault_cnt++;\n" +"\\&\n" +" uffdio_copy.src = (unsigned long) page;\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* We need to handle page faults in units of pages(!).\n" +" So, round faulting address down to page boundary. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" uffdio_copy.dst = (unsigned long) msg.arg.pagefault.address &\n" +" \\[ti](page_size - 1);\n" +" uffdio_copy.len = page_size;\n" +" uffdio_copy.mode = 0;\n" +" uffdio_copy.copy = 0;\n" +" if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_COPY, &uffdio_copy) == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"ioctl-UFFDIO_COPY\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" printf(\" (uffdio_copy.copy returned %\"PRId64\")\\en\",\n" +" uffdio_copy.copy);\n" +" }\n" +"}\n" +"\\&\n" +"int\n" +"main(int argc, char *argv[])\n" +"{\n" +" int s;\n" +" char c;\n" +" char *addr; /* Start of region handled by userfaultfd */\n" +" long uffd; /* userfaultfd file descriptor */\n" +" size_t len, l; /* Length of region handled by userfaultfd */\n" +" pthread_t thr; /* ID of thread that handles page faults */\n" +" struct uffdio_api uffdio_api;\n" +" struct uffdio_register uffdio_register;\n" +"\\&\n" +" if (argc != 2) {\n" +" fprintf(stderr, \"Usage: %s num-pages\\en\", argv[0]);\n" +" exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n" +" }\n" +"\\&\n" +" page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE);\n" +" len = strtoull(argv[1], NULL, 0) * page_size;\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Create and enable userfaultfd object. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" uffd = syscall(SYS_userfaultfd, O_CLOEXEC | O_NONBLOCK);\n" +" if (uffd == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"userfaultfd\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" uffdio_api.api = UFFD_API;\n" +" uffdio_api.features = 0;\n" +" if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_API, &uffdio_api) == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"ioctl-UFFDIO_API\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Create a private anonymous mapping. The memory will be\n" +" demand-zero paged--that is, not yet allocated. When we\n" +" actually touch the memory, it will be allocated via\n" +" the userfaultfd. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" addr = mmap(NULL, len, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,\n" +" MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);\n" +" if (addr == MAP_FAILED)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"mmap\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" printf(\"Address returned by mmap() = %p\\en\", addr);\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Register the memory range of the mapping we just created for\n" +" handling by the userfaultfd object. In mode, we request to track\n" +" missing pages (i.e., pages that have not yet been faulted in). */\n" +"\\&\n" +" uffdio_register.range.start = (unsigned long) addr;\n" +" uffdio_register.range.len = len;\n" +" uffdio_register.mode = UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING;\n" +" if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_REGISTER, &uffdio_register) == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"ioctl-UFFDIO_REGISTER\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Create a thread that will process the userfaultfd events. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" s = pthread_create(&thr, NULL, fault_handler_thread, (void *) uffd);\n" +" if (s != 0) {\n" +" errc(EXIT_FAILURE, s, \"pthread_create\");\n" +" }\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Main thread now touches memory in the mapping, touching\n" +" locations 1024 bytes apart. This will trigger userfaultfd\n" +" events for all pages in the region. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" l = 0xf; /* Ensure that faulting address is not on a page\n" +" boundary, in order to test that we correctly\n" +" handle that case in fault_handling_thread(). */\n" +" while (l E<lt> len) {\n" +" c = addr[l];\n" +" printf(\"Read address %p in %s(): \", addr + l, __func__);\n" +" printf(\"%c\\en\", c);\n" +" l += 1024;\n" +" usleep(100000); /* Slow things down a little */\n" +" }\n" +"\\&\n" +" exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);\n" +"}\n" +msgstr "" +"/* userfaultfd_demo.c\n" +"\\&\n" +" Licensed under the GNU General Public License version 2 or later.\n" +"*/\n" +"#define _GNU_SOURCE\n" +"#include E<lt>err.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>errno.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>fcntl.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>inttypes.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>linux/userfaultfd.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>poll.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>pthread.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>stdio.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>stdlib.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>string.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>sys/ioctl.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>sys/mman.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>sys/syscall.hE<gt>\n" +"#include E<lt>unistd.hE<gt>\n" +"\\&\n" +"static int page_size;\n" +"\\&\n" +"static void *\n" +"fault_handler_thread(void *arg)\n" +"{\n" +" int nready;\n" +" long uffd; /* descripteur du fichier userfaultfd */\n" +" ssize_t nread;\n" +" struct pollfd pollfd;\n" +" struct uffdio_copy uffdio_copy;\n" +"\\&\n" +" static int fault_cnt = 0; /* Nombres d'erreurs déjà gérées */\n" +" static char *page = NULL;\n" +" static struct uffd_msg msg; /* Données lues à partir de userfaultfd */\n" +"\\&\n" +" uffd = (long) arg;\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Créer une page qui sera copiée dans la région en erreur. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" if (page == NULL) {\n" +" page = mmap(NULL, page_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,\n" +" MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);\n" +" if (page == MAP_FAILED)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"mmap\");\n" +" }\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Boucle gérant les événements entrants sur le descripteur\n" +" de fichier userfaultfd. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" for (;;) {\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Voir ce que poll() nous dit sur l'userfaultfd. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" pollfd.fd = uffd;\n" +" pollfd.events = POLLIN;\n" +" nready = poll(&pollfd, 1, -1);\n" +" if (nready == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"poll\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" printf(\"\\enfault_handler_thread():\\en\");\n" +" printf(\" poll() returns: nready = %d; \"\n" +" \"POLLIN = %d; POLLERR = %d\\en\", nready,\n" +" (pollfd.revents & POLLIN) != 0,\n" +" (pollfd.revents & POLLERR) != 0);\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Lire un événement à partir de l'userfaultfd. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" nread = read(uffd, &msg, sizeof(msg));\n" +" if (nread == 0) {\n" +" printf(\"EOF on userfaultfd!\\en\");\n" +" exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n" +" }\n" +"\\&\n" +" if (nread == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"read\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Un seul type d'événement est attendu ; il faut vérifier\n" +" cette supposition. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" if (msg.event != UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT) {\n" +" fprintf(stderr, \"Unexpected event on userfaultfd\\en\");\n" +" exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n" +" }\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Afficher une information sur l'événement erreur de page. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" printf(\" UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT event: \");\n" +" printf(\"flags = %\"PRIx64\"; \", msg.arg.pagefault.flags);\n" +" printf(\"address = %\"PRIx64\"\\en\", msg.arg.pagefault.address);\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Copier la page sur laquelle pointe la « page » dans la région\n" +" fautive. Varier le contenu copié, afin qu'il soit plus\n" +" évident que chaque erreur soit gérée séparément. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" memset(page, \\[aq]A\\[aq] + fault_cnt % 20, page_size);\n" +" fault_cnt++;\n" +"\\&\n" +" uffdio_copy.src = (unsigned long) page;\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Il est nécessaire de gérer les erreurs de page en\n" +" unités de pages(!). Aussi, il faut arrondir les\n" +" adresses fautives à la limite de page. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" uffdio_copy.dst = (unsigned long) msg.arg.pagefault.address &\n" +" \\[ti](page_size - 1);\n" +" uffdio_copy.len = page_size;\n" +" uffdio_copy.mode = 0;\n" +" uffdio_copy.copy = 0;\n" +" if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_COPY, &uffdio_copy) == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"ioctl-UFFDIO_COPY\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" printf(\" (uffdio_copy.copy returned %\"PRId64\")\\en\",\n" +" uffdio_copy.copy);\n" +" }\n" +"}\n" +"\\&\n" +"int\n" +"main(int argc, char *argv[])\n" +"{\n" +" int s;\n" +" char c;\n" +" char *addr; /* Début de la région gérée par userfaultfd */\n" +" long uffd; /* Descripteur de fichier userfaultfd */\n" +" size_t len, l; /* Taille de la région gérée par userfaultfd */\n" +" pthread_t thr; /* ID du thread qui gère les erreurs de page */\n" +" struct uffdio_api uffdio_api;\n" +" struct uffdio_register uffdio_register;\n" +"\\&\n" +" if (argc != 2) {\n" +" fprintf(stderr, \"Utilisation : %s num-pages\\en\", argv[0]);\n" +" exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n" +" }\n" +"\\&\n" +" page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE);\n" +" len = strtoull(argv[1], NULL, 0) * page_size;\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Créer et activer un objet userfaultfd. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" uffd = syscall(SYS_userfaultfd, O_CLOEXEC | O_NONBLOCK);\n" +" if (uffd == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"userfaultfd\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" uffdio_api.api = UFFD_API;\n" +" uffdio_api.features = 0;\n" +" if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_API, &uffdio_api) == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"ioctl-UFFDIO_API\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Créer un mappage anonyme privé. La mémoire sera paginée\n" +" avec aucune demande — c'est-à-dire, sans être encore\n" +" allouée. Quand la mémoire sera réellement utilisée,\n" +" elle sera allouée au moyen de l'userfaultfd. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" addr = mmap(NULL, len, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,\n" +" MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);\n" +" if (addr == MAP_FAILED)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"mmap\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" printf(\"Address returned by mmap() = %p\\en\", addr);\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Enregistrer l'intervalle de mémoire du mappage qui vient d'être\n" +" créé pour le traitement par l'objet userfaultfd. Dans mode,\n" +" suivre les pages manquantes (c'est-à-dire, les pages qui ne sont\n" +" pas encore fautives). */\n" +"\\&\n" +" uffdio_register.range.start = (unsigned long) addr;\n" +" uffdio_register.range.len = len;\n" +" uffdio_register.mode = UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING;\n" +" if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_REGISTER, &uffdio_register) == -1)\n" +" err(EXIT_FAILURE, \"ioctl-UFFDIO_REGISTER\");\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Créer un thread qui traitera les événements userfaultfd. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" s = pthread_create(&thr, NULL, fault_handler_thread, (void *) uffd);\n" +" if (s != 0) {\n" +" errc(EXIT_FAILURE, s, \"pthread_create\");\n" +" }\n" +"\\&\n" +" /* Le thread principal utilise la mémoire dans le mappage,\n" +" utilisant des emplacements séparés de 1024 octets. Cela va\n" +" déclencher des événements userfaultfd pour toutes les pages\n" +" dans la région. */\n" +"\\&\n" +" l = 0xf; /* Assurer que l'adresse fautive n'est pas sur une\n" +" limite de page afin de vérifier que ce cas est\n" +" correctement géré dans le fault_handling_thread(). */\n" +" while (l E<lt> len) {\n" +" c = addr[l];\n" +" printf(\"Read address %p in %s(): \", addr + l, __func__);\n" +" printf(\"%c\\en\", c);\n" +" l += 1024;\n" +" usleep(100000); /* Ralentir un peu le traitement */\n" +" }\n" +"\\&\n" +" exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);\n" +"}\n" + +#. type: TH +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "2023-03-30" +msgstr "30 mars 2023" + +#. type: TH +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Linux man-pages 6.04" +msgstr "Pages du manuel de Linux 6.04" |