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diff --git a/po/ru/man5/tzfile.5.po b/po/ru/man5/tzfile.5.po new file mode 100644 index 00000000..3da36100 --- /dev/null +++ b/po/ru/man5/tzfile.5.po @@ -0,0 +1,1562 @@ +# Russian translation of manpages +# This file is distributed under the same license as the manpages-l10n package. +# Copyright © of this file: +# Azamat Hackimov <azamat.hackimov@gmail.com>, 2014, 2016-2017. +# Dmitry Bolkhovskikh <d20052005@yandex.ru>, 2017. +# Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>, 2011-2019. +# Иван Павлов <pavia00@gmail.com>, 2017, 2019. +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: manpages-l10n\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-02-15 18:15+0100\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2019-09-16 18:46+0300\n" +"Last-Translator: Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>\n" +"Language-Team: Russian <man-pages-ru-talks@lists.sourceforge.net>\n" +"Language: ru\n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" +"Plural-Forms: nplurals=4; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && " +"n%10<=4 && (n%100<12 || n%100>14) ? 1 : n%10==0 || (n%10>=5 && n%10<=9) || " +"(n%100>=11 && n%100<=14)? 2 : 3);\n" +"X-Generator: Lokalize 2.0\n" + +#. type: TH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "tzfile" +msgstr "" + +#. type: TH +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Time Zone Database" +msgstr "" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "NAME" +msgstr "ИМЯ" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "tzfile - timezone information" +msgstr "tzfile - информация о часовом поясе" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "DESCRIPTION" +msgstr "ОПИСАНИЕ" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The timezone information files used by B<tzset>(3) are typically found " +"under a directory with a name like I</usr/share/zoneinfo>. These files use " +"the format described in Internet RFC 8536. Each file is a sequence of 8-bit " +"bytes. In a file, a binary integer is represented by a sequence of one or " +"more bytes in network order (bigendian, or high-order byte first), with all " +"bits significant, a signed binary integer is represented using two's " +"complement, and a boolean is represented by a one-byte binary integer that " +"is either 0 (false) or 1 (true). The format begins with a 44-byte header " +"containing the following fields:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: IP +#: archlinux +#, no-wrap +msgid "\\(bu" +msgstr "\\(bu" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "The magic four-byte ASCII sequence" +msgstr "Информационная (magic) четырехбайтовая последовательность ASCII" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "identifies the file as a timezone information file." +msgstr ", означающая, что это файл с информацией о часовом поясе." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"A byte identifying the version of the file's format (as of 2021, either an " +"ASCII NUL," +msgstr "Байт с версией формата файла (например 2021, ASCII NUL" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "or" +msgstr "или" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Fifteen bytes containing zeros reserved for future use." +msgstr "" +"Пятнадцать байт, заполненных нулями, зарезервированы для использования в " +"будущем." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Six four-byte integer values, in the following order:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<tzh_ttisutcnt>" +msgstr "B<tzh_ttisutcnt>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "The number of UT/local indicators stored in the file." +msgid "" +"The number of UT/local indicators stored in the file. (UT is Universal " +"Time.)" +msgstr "Количество UT/локальных (local) индикаторов в файле." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<tzh_ttisstdcnt>" +msgstr "B<tzh_ttisstdcnt>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "The number of standard/wall indicators stored in the file." +msgstr "Количество стандартных/местных (wall) индикаторов в файле." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<tzh_leapcnt>" +msgstr "B<tzh_leapcnt>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The number of leap seconds for which data entries are stored in the file." +msgstr "" +"Количество високосных секунд, для которых в файле определены элементы данных." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<tzh_timecnt>" +msgstr "B<tzh_timecnt>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The number of transition times for which data entries are stored in the file." +msgstr "" +"Количество моментов перевода часов, для которых в файле определены элементы " +"данных." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<tzh_typecnt>" +msgstr "B<tzh_typecnt>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The number of local time types for which data entries are stored in the file " +"(must not be zero)." +msgstr "" +"Количество типов локального времени, для которых в файле определены элементы " +"данных (не должно быть равно 0)." + +#. type: TP +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "B<tzh_charcnt>" +msgstr "B<tzh_charcnt>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The number of bytes of time zone abbreviation strings stored in the file." +msgstr "" +"Количество байт строк аббревиатур часовых поясов, определённых в файле." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The above header is followed by the following fields, whose lengths depend " +"on the contents of the header:" +msgstr "" +"После заголовка, описанного выше, располагаются поля, длина которых зависит " +"от содержимого заголовка:" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "I<tzh_timecnt> four-byte signed integer values sorted in ascending " +#| "order. These values are written in standard byte order. Each is used as " +#| "a transition time (as returned by B<time>(2)) at which the rules for " +#| "computing local time change." +msgid "" +"B<tzh_timecnt> four-byte signed integer values sorted in ascending order. " +"These values are written in network byte order. Each is used as a " +"transition time (as returned by B<time>(2)) at which the rules for " +"computing local time change." +msgstr "" +"Четырёхбайтовые знаковые целые I<tzh_timecnt>, сортируются в порядке " +"возрастания. Эти значения записываются в стандартном порядке байт. Каждое " +"значение используется как момент перевода часов (возвращаемый B<time>(2)), " +"по правилам которого вычисляется изменение локального времени." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "B<tzh_timecnt> one-byte unsigned integer values; each one but the last " +#| "tells which of the different types of local time types described in the " +#| "file is associated with the time period starting with the same-indexed " +#| "transition time and continuing up to but not including the next " +#| "transition time. (The last time type is present only for consistency " +#| "checking with the POSIX-style TZ string described below.) These values " +#| "serve as indices into the next field." +msgid "" +"B<tzh_timecnt> one-byte unsigned integer values; each one but the last tells " +"which of the different types of local time types described in the file is " +"associated with the time period starting with the same-indexed transition " +"time and continuing up to but not including the next transition time. (The " +"last time type is present only for consistency checking with the " +"POSIX.1-2017-style TZ string described below.) These values serve as " +"indices into the next field." +msgstr "" +"Однобайтовые беззнаковые целые B<tzh_timecnt>; все кроме последнего " +"описывают как различные типы типов локального времени, указанные в файле, " +"связаны с периодом времени, начинающимся как переходное время с тем же " +"индексом и перечисляются (исключая) до следующего переходного времени (тип " +"последнего времени указывается только для проверки целостности строки TZ в " +"формате POSIX, описанном ниже). Эти значения служат индексами для следующего " +"поля." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "B<tzh_typecnt> B<ttinfo> entries, each defined as follows:" +msgstr "Элементы B<tzh_typecnt> B<ttinfo> определены следующим образом:" + +#. type: ta +#: archlinux +#, fuzzy, no-wrap +#| msgid ".5i +\\w'unsigned char\\0\\0'u" +msgid "\\w'\\0\\0\\0\\0'u +\\w'unsigned char\\0'u" +msgstr ".5i +\\w'unsigned char\\0\\0'u" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"struct ttinfo {\n" +"\tint32_t\ttt_utoff;\n" +"\tunsigned char\ttt_isdst;\n" +"\tunsigned char\ttt_desigidx;\n" +"};\n" +msgstr "" +"struct ttinfo {\n" +"\tint32_t\ttt_utoff;\n" +"\tunsigned char\ttt_isdst;\n" +"\tunsigned char\ttt_desigidx;\n" +"};\n" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Each structure is written as a four-byte signed integer value for " +#| "I<tt_gmtoff>, in a standard byte order, followed by a one-byte value for " +#| "I<tt_isdst> and a one-byte value for I<tt_abbrind>. In each structure, " +#| "I<tt_gmtoff> gives the number of seconds to be added to UT, I<tt_isdst> " +#| "tells whether I<tm_isdst> should be set by B<localtime>(3) and " +#| "I<tt_abbrind> serves as an index into the array of time zone abbreviation " +#| "bytes that follow the I<ttinfo> structure(s) in the file." +msgid "" +"Each structure is written as a four-byte signed integer value for " +"B<tt_utoff>, in network byte order, followed by a one-byte boolean for " +"B<tt_isdst> and a one-byte value for B<tt_desigidx>. In each structure, " +"B<tt_utoff> gives the number of seconds to be added to UT, B<tt_isdst> tells " +"whether B<tm_isdst> should be set by B<localtime>(3) and B<tt_desigidx> " +"serves as an index into the array of time zone abbreviation bytes that " +"follow the B<ttinfo> entries in the file; if the designated string is " +"\"\\*-00\", the B<ttinfo> entry is a placeholder indicating that local time " +"is unspecified. The B<tt_utoff> value is never equal to -2**31, to let 32-" +"bit clients negate it without overflow. Also, in realistic applications " +"B<tt_utoff> is in the range [-89999, 93599] (i.e., more than -25 hours and " +"less than 26 hours); this allows easy support by implementations that " +"already support the POSIX-required range [-24:59:59, 25:59:59]." +msgstr "" +"Каждая структура состоит из четырехбайтного знакового числа I<tt_gmtoff>, " +"записанного в стандартном порядке байт; за ним следует однобайтное значение " +"I<tt_isdst> и однобайтное значение I<tt_abbrind>. В каждой структуре " +"I<tt_gmtoff> означает, сколько секунд надо добавить к UT; I<tt_isdst> " +"определяет, будет ли I<tm_isdst> устанавливаться B<localtime>(3), а " +"I<tt_abbrind> является индексом массива аббревиатур байт часовых поясов, за " +"которым в файле следуют структуры I<ttinfo>." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"B<tzh_charcnt> bytes that represent time zone designations, which are null-" +"terminated byte strings, each indexed by the B<tt_desigidx> values mentioned " +"above. The byte strings can overlap if one is a suffix of the other. The " +"encoding of these strings is not specified." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"B<tzh_leapcnt> pairs of four-byte values, written in network byte order; the " +"first value of each pair gives the nonnegative time (as returned by " +"B<time>(2)) at which a leap second occurs or at which the leap second table " +"expires; the second is a signed integer specifying the correction, which is " +"the I<total> number of leap seconds to be applied during the time period " +"starting at the given time. The pairs of values are sorted in strictly " +"ascending order by time. Each pair denotes one leap second, either positive " +"or negative, except that if the last pair has the same correction as the " +"previous one, the last pair denotes the leap second table's expiration " +"time. Each leap second is at the end of a UTC calendar month. The first " +"leap second has a nonnegative occurrence time, and is a positive leap second " +"if and only if its correction is positive; the correction for each leap " +"second after the first differs from the previous leap second by either 1 for " +"a positive leap second, or -1 for a negative leap second. If the leap " +"second table is empty, the leap-second correction is zero for all " +"timestamps; otherwise, for timestamps before the first occurrence time, the " +"leap-second correction is zero if the first pair's correction is 1 or -1, " +"and is unspecified otherwise (which can happen only in files truncated at " +"the start)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "I<tzh_ttisstdcnt> standard/wall indicators, each stored as a one-byte " +#| "value; they tell whether the transition times associated with local time " +#| "types were specified as standard time or wall clock time, and are used " +#| "when a timezone file is used in handling POSIX-style timezone environment " +#| "variables." +msgid "" +"B<tzh_ttisstdcnt> standard/wall indicators, each stored as a one-byte " +"boolean; they tell whether the transition times associated with local time " +"types were specified as standard time or local (wall clock) time." +msgstr "" +"Индикаторы стандартного/местного времени I<tzh_ttisstdcnt>, хранимые в виде " +"однобайтовых значений; эти индикаторы определяют, как связаны моменты " +"перевода часов с локальными типами времени: согласно стандартному или " +"местному времени. Эти индикаторы используются, когда файл с информацией о " +"часовых поясах работает с POSIX-совместимыми переменными окружения часовых " +"поясов." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "I<tzh_ttisgmtcnt> UT/local indicators, each stored as a one-byte value; " +#| "they tell whether the transition times associated with local time types " +#| "were specified as UT or local time, and are used when a timezone file is " +#| "used in handling POSIX-style timezone environment variables." +msgid "" +"B<tzh_ttisutcnt> UT/local indicators, each stored as a one-byte boolean; " +"they tell whether the transition times associated with local time types were " +"specified as UT or local time. If a UT/local indicator is set, the " +"corresponding standard/wall indicator must also be set." +msgstr "" +"UT/локальные индикаторы I<tzh_ttisgmtcnt>, хранимые в виде однобайтовых " +"значений; эти индикаторы определяют, как связаны моменты перевода часов с " +"локальными типами времени: согласно UT или локальному времени. Эти " +"индикаторы используются, когда файл с информацией о часовых поясах работает " +"с POSIX-совместимыми переменными окружения часовых поясов." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux +msgid "" +"The standard/wall and UT/local indicators were designed for transforming a " +"TZif file's transition times into transitions appropriate for another time " +"zone specified via a POSIX.1-2017-style TZ string that lacks rules. For " +"example, when TZ=\"EET\\*-2EEST\" and there is no TZif file " +"\"EET\\*-2EEST\", the idea was to adapt the transition times from a TZif " +"file with the well-known name \"posixrules\" that is present only for this " +"purpose and is a copy of the file \"Europe/Brussels\", a file with a " +"different UT offset. POSIX does not specify this obsolete transformational " +"behavior, the default rules are installation-dependent, and no " +"implementation is known to support this feature for timestamps past 2037, so " +"users desiring (say) Greek time should instead specify TZ=\"Europe/Athens\" " +"for better historical coverage, falling back on TZ=\"EET\\*-2EEST,M3.5.0/3," +"M10.5.0/4\" if POSIX conformance is required and older timestamps need not " +"be handled accurately." +msgstr "" + +#. #-#-#-#-# archlinux: tzfile.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-# +#. type: Plain text +#. #-#-#-#-# debian-unstable: tzfile.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-# +#. http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=122906#47 +#. Reviewed by upstream and rejected, May 2012 +#. type: Plain text +#. #-#-#-#-# fedora-40: tzfile.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-# +#. type: Plain text +#. #-#-#-#-# fedora-rawhide: tzfile.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-# +#. type: Plain text +#. #-#-#-#-# mageia-cauldron: tzfile.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-# +#. type: Plain text +#. #-#-#-#-# opensuse-leap-15-6: tzfile.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-# +#. type: Plain text +#. #-#-#-#-# opensuse-tumbleweed: tzfile.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-# +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "The B<localtime>(3) function uses the first standard-time I<ttinfo> " +#| "structure in the file (or simply the first I<ttinfo> structure in the " +#| "absence of a standard-time structure) if either I<tzh_timecnt> is zero " +#| "or the time argument is less than the first transition time recorded in " +#| "the file." +msgid "" +"The B<localtime>(3) function normally uses the first B<ttinfo> structure in " +"the file if either B<tzh_timecnt> is zero or the time argument is less than " +"the first transition time recorded in the file." +msgstr "" +"Функция I<localtime>(3) использует первую структуру стандартного времени " +"I<ttinfo> из этого файла (или просто первую структуру I<ttinfo> при " +"отсутствии структуры стандартного времени), если значение I<tzh_timecnt> " +"равно нулю или аргумент времени меньше первого момента перевода часов, " +"записанного в файле." + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Version 2 format" +msgstr "Формат версии 2" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "For version-2-format timezone files, the above header and data are " +#| "followed by a second header and data, identical in format except that " +#| "eight bytes are used for each transition time or leap second time. (Leap " +#| "second counts remain four bytes.) After the second header and data comes " +#| "a newline-enclosed, POSIX-TZ-environment-variable-style string for use in " +#| "handling instants after the last transition time stored in the file or " +#| "for all instants if the file has no transitions. The POSIX-style TZ " +#| "string is empty (i.e., nothing between the newlines) if there is no " +#| "POSIX representation for such instants. If nonempty, the POSIX-style TZ " +#| "string must agree with the local time type after the last transition time " +#| "if present in the eight-byte data; for example, given the string" +msgid "" +"For version-2-format timezone files, the above header and data are followed " +"by a second header and data, identical in format except that eight bytes are " +"used for each transition time or leap second time. (Leap second counts " +"remain four bytes.) After the second header and data comes a newline-" +"enclosed string in the style of the contents of a POSIX.1-2017 TZ " +"environment variable, for use in handling instants after the last transition " +"time stored in the file or for all instants if the file has no transitions. " +"The TZ string is empty (i.e., nothing between the newlines) if there is no " +"POSIX.1-2017-style representation for such instants. If nonempty, the TZ " +"string must agree with the local time type after the last transition time if " +"present in the eight-byte data; for example, given the string" +msgstr "" +"Для файлов версии 2 с информацией о часовых поясах вышеприведённый заголовок " +"и данные, идущие за вторым заголовком и данными, идентичны по формату, за " +"исключением того, что для каждого перевода времени или високосной секунды " +"используется восемь байт (високосная секунда занимает оставшиеся четыре " +"байта). После второго заголовка и данных следует закрывающий символ новой " +"строки, строка в формате переменной TZ из окружения POSIX для обработки " +"моментов сразу после последнего перевода времени, хранящегося в файле или " +"для всех моментов, если в файле нет переводов. Строка TZ в формате POSIX " +"будет пустой (т. е. между символами новой строки ничего нет), если для таких " +"моментов нет представления POSIX. Если она не пуста, то строка TZ в формате " +"POSIX должна соответствовать типу локального времени после обоих данных о " +"временах последнего перевода, если она представлена в виде восьми байтов " +"данных; например, если задана строка" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"then if a last transition time is in July, the transition's local time type " +"must specify a daylight-saving time abbreviated" +msgstr "" +"то, если последний перевод времени был в июле, тип перевода локального " +"времени должен задаваться сокращением для времени перевода на зимнее время" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"that is one hour east of UT. Also, if there is at least one transition, " +"time type 0 is associated with the time period from the indefinite past up " +"to but not including the earliest transition time." +msgstr "" +"то соответствует одному часу UT. Также, если есть хотя бы один перевод, то " +"тип времени 0 связывается с периодом времени из бесконечного прошлого до, но " +"исключая, самый ранний перевод времени." + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Version 3 format" +msgstr "Формат версии 3" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "For version-3-format timezone files, the POSIX-TZ-style string may use " +#| "two minor extensions to the POSIX TZ format, as described in " +#| "B<newtzset>(3). First, the hours part of its transition times may be " +#| "signed and range from -167 through 167 instead of the POSIX-required " +#| "unsigned values from 0 through 24. Second, DST is in effect all year if " +#| "it starts January 1 at 00:00 and ends December 31 at 24:00 plus the " +#| "difference between daylight saving and standard time." +msgid "" +"For version-3-format timezone files, the TZ string may use two minor " +"extensions to the POSIX.1-2017 TZ format, as described in B<newtzset>(3). " +"First, the hours part of its transition times may be signed and range from " +"-167 through 167 instead of the POSIX-required unsigned values from 0 " +"through 24. Second, DST is in effect all year if it starts January 1 at " +"00:00 and ends December 31 at 24:00 plus the difference between daylight " +"saving and standard time." +msgstr "" +"В формате файлов часовых поясов версии 3 в строке в стиле POSIX-TZ можно " +"использовать два небольших расширения формата POSIX TZ, это описывается в " +"B<newtzset>(3). Во-первых, часовая часть времён перевода может быть знаковой " +"и имеет диапазон с -167 по 167, и не соответствовать беззнаковому значению " +"POSIX от 0 до 24. Во-вторых, DST действует на весь год, если он начинается с " +"1 января 00:00 и заканчивается 31 декабря в 24:00 плюс разница между зимним " +"и обычным временем." + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Version 4 format" +msgstr "Формат версии 4" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"For version-4-format TZif files, the first leap second record can have a " +"correction that is neither +1 nor -1, to represent truncation of the TZif " +"file at the start. Also, if two or more leap second transitions are present " +"and the last entry's correction equals the previous one, the last entry " +"denotes the expiration of the leap second table instead of a leap second; " +"timestamps after this expiration are unreliable in that future releases will " +"likely add leap second entries after the expiration, and the added leap " +"seconds will change how post-expiration timestamps are treated." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Interoperability considerations" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Future changes to the format may append more data." +msgstr "В будущих изменениях формата могут появиться дополнительные данные." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Version 1 files are considered a legacy format and should not be generated, " +"as they do not support transition times after the year 2038. Readers that " +"understand only Version 1 must ignore any data that extends beyond the " +"calculated end of the version 1 data block." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Other than version 1, writers should generate the lowest version number " +"needed by a file's data. For example, a writer should generate a version 4 " +"file only if its leap second table either expires or is truncated at the " +"start. Likewise, a writer not generating a version 4 file should generate a " +"version 3 file only if TZ string extensions are necessary to accurately " +"model transition times." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The sequence of time changes defined by the version 1 header and data block " +"should be a contiguous sub-sequence of the time changes defined by the " +"version 2+ header and data block, and by the footer. This guideline helps " +"obsolescent version 1 readers agree with current readers about timestamps " +"within the contiguous sub-sequence. It also lets writers not supporting " +"obsolescent readers use a B<tzh_timecnt> of zero in the version 1 data block " +"to save space." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"When a TZif file contains a leap second table expiration time, TZif readers " +"should either refuse to process post-expiration timestamps, or process them " +"as if the expiration time did not exist (possibly with an error indication)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Time zone designations should consist of at least three (3) and no more " +"than six (6) ASCII characters from the set of alphanumerics," +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "and" +msgstr "и" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"This is for compatibility with POSIX requirements for time zone " +"abbreviations." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"When reading a version 2 or higher file, readers should ignore the version 1 " +"header and data block except for the purpose of skipping over them." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Readers should calculate the total lengths of the headers and data blocks " +"and check that they all fit within the actual file size, as part of a " +"validity check for the file." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"When a positive leap second occurs, readers should append an extra second to " +"the local minute containing the second just before the leap second. If this " +"occurs when the UTC offset is not a multiple of 60 seconds, the leap second " +"occurs earlier than the last second of the local minute and the minute's " +"remaining local seconds are numbered through 60 instead of the usual 59; the " +"UTC offset is unaffected." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SS +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "Common interoperability issues" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"This section documents common problems in reading or writing TZif files. " +"Most of these are problems in generating TZif files for use by older " +"readers. The goals of this section are:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"to help TZif writers output files that avoid common pitfalls in older or " +"buggy TZif readers," +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"to help TZif readers avoid common pitfalls when reading files generated by " +"future TZif writers, and" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"to help any future specification authors see what sort of problems arise " +"when the TZif format is changed." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"When new versions of the TZif format have been defined, a design goal has " +"been that a reader can successfully use a TZif file even if the file is of a " +"later TZif version than what the reader was designed for. When complete " +"compatibility was not achieved, an attempt was made to limit glitches to " +"rarely used timestamps and allow simple partial workarounds in writers " +"designed to generate new-version data useful even for older-version " +"readers. This section attempts to document these compatibility issues and " +"workarounds, as well as to document other common bugs in readers." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Interoperability problems with TZif include the following:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Some readers examine only version 1 data. As a partial workaround, a writer " +"can output as much version 1 data as possible. However, a reader should " +"ignore version 1 data, and should use version 2+ data even if the reader's " +"native timestamps have only 32 bits." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux +msgid "" +"Some readers designed for version 2 might mishandle timestamps after a " +"version 3 or higher file's last transition, because they cannot parse " +"extensions to POSIX.1-2017 in the TZ-like string. As a partial workaround, " +"a writer can output more transitions than necessary, so that only far-future " +"timestamps are mishandled by version 2 readers." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Some readers designed for version 2 do not support permanent daylight saving " +"time with transitions after 24:00 \\(en e.g., a TZ string" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"denoting permanent Eastern Daylight Time (-04). As a workaround, a writer " +"can substitute standard time for two time zones east, e.g.," +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"for a time zone with a never-used standard time (XXX, -03) and negative " +"daylight saving time (EDT, -04) all year. Alternatively, as a partial " +"workaround a writer can substitute standard time for the next time zone east " +"\\(en e.g.," +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "for permanent Atlantic Standard Time (-04)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Some readers designed for version 2 or 3, and that require strict " +"conformance to RFC 8536, reject version 4 files whose leap second tables are " +"truncated at the start or that end in expiration times." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Some readers ignore the footer, and instead predict future timestamps from " +"the time type of the last transition. As a partial workaround, a writer can " +"output more transitions than necessary." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Some readers do not use time type 0 for timestamps before the first " +"transition, in that they infer a time type using a heuristic that does not " +"always select time type 0. As a partial workaround, a writer can output a " +"dummy (no-op) first transition at an early time." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Some readers mishandle timestamps before the first transition that has a " +"timestamp not less than -2**31. Readers that support only 32-bit timestamps " +"are likely to be more prone to this problem, for example, when they process " +"64-bit transitions only some of which are representable in 32 bits. As a " +"partial workaround, a writer can output a dummy transition at timestamp " +"-2**31." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Some readers mishandle a transition if its timestamp has the minimum " +"possible signed 64-bit value. Timestamps less than -2**59 are not " +"recommended." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux +msgid "Some readers mishandle TZ strings that contain" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "As a partial workaround, a writer can avoid using" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "for time zone abbreviations containing only alphabetic characters." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Many readers mishandle time zone abbreviations that contain non-ASCII " +"characters. These characters are not recommended." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Some readers may mishandle time zone abbreviations that contain fewer than 3 " +"or more than 6 characters, or that contain ASCII characters other than " +"alphanumerics," +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "These abbreviations are not recommended." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux +msgid "" +"Some readers mishandle TZif files that specify daylight-saving time UT " +"offsets that are less than the UT offsets for the corresponding standard " +"time. These readers do not support locations like Ireland, which uses the " +"equivalent of the TZ string" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux +msgid "" +"observing standard time (IST, +01) in summer and daylight saving time (GMT, " +"+00) in winter. As a partial workaround, a writer can output data for the " +"equivalent of the TZ string" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"thus swapping standard and daylight saving time. Although this workaround " +"misidentifies which part of the year uses daylight saving time, it records " +"UT offsets and time zone abbreviations correctly." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Some readers generate ambiguous timestamps for positive leap seconds that " +"occur when the UTC offset is not a multiple of 60 seconds. For example, in " +"a timezone with UTC offset +01:23:45 and with a positive leap second " +"78796801 (1972-06-30 23:59:60 UTC), some readers will map both 78796800 and " +"78796801 to 01:23:45 local time the next day instead of mapping the latter " +"to 01:23:46, and they will map 78796815 to 01:23:59 instead of to 01:23:60. " +"This has not yet been a practical problem, since no civil authority has " +"observed such UTC offsets since leap seconds were introduced in 1972." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Some interoperability problems are reader bugs that are listed here mostly " +"as warnings to developers of readers." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Some readers do not support negative timestamps. Developers of distributed " +"applications should keep this in mind if they need to deal with pre-1970 " +"data." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Some readers mishandle timestamps before the first transition that has a " +"nonnegative timestamp. Readers that do not support negative timestamps are " +"likely to be more prone to this problem." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Some readers mishandle time zone abbreviations like" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "that contain" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "digit" +msgid "or digits." +msgstr "digit" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Some readers mishandle UT offsets that are out of the traditional range of " +"-12 through +12 hours, and so do not support locations like Kiritimati that " +"are outside this range." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Some readers mishandle UT offsets in the range [-3599, -1] seconds from UT, " +"because they integer-divide the offset by 3600 to get 0 and then display the " +"hour part as" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Some readers mishandle UT offsets that are not a multiple of one hour, or of " +"15 minutes, or of 1 minute." +msgstr "" + +#. type: SH +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "SEE ALSO" +msgstr "СМ. ТАКЖЕ" + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide +#: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"B<time>(2), B<localtime>(3), B<tzset>(3), B<tzselect>(8), B<zdump>(8), " +"B<zic>(8)." +msgstr "" +"B<time>(2), B<localtime>(3), B<tzset>(3), B<tzselect>(8), B<zdump>(8), " +"B<zic>(8)." + +#. type: Plain text +#: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Olson A, Eggert P, Murchison K. The Time Zone Information Format (TZif). " +"2019 Feb. E<.UR https://\\:datatracker.ietf.org/\\:doc/\\:html/\\:rfc8536> " +"Internet RFC 8536 E<.UE> E<.UR https://\\:doi.org/\\:10.17487/\\:RFC8536> " +"doi:10.17487/RFC8536 E<.UE .>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: TH +#: debian-bookworm +#, no-wrap +msgid "2022-09-09" +msgstr "9 сентября 2022 г." + +#. type: TH +#: debian-bookworm +#, no-wrap +msgid "Linux" +msgstr "Linux" + +#. type: TH +#: debian-bookworm +#, no-wrap +msgid "Linux Programmer's Manual" +msgstr "Руководство программиста Linux" + +#. type: IP +#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid "*" +msgstr "*" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm +msgid "" +"A byte identifying the version of the file's format (as of 2017, either an " +"ASCII NUL, or" +msgstr "Байт с версией формата файла (например 2017, ASCII NUL или" + +#. type: TP +#: debian-bookworm +#, no-wrap +msgid "I<tzh_ttisutcnt>" +msgstr "I<tzh_ttisutcnt>" + +#. type: TP +#: debian-bookworm +#, no-wrap +msgid "I<tzh_ttisstdcnt>" +msgstr "I<tzh_ttisstdcnt>" + +#. type: TP +#: debian-bookworm +#, no-wrap +msgid "I<tzh_leapcnt>" +msgstr "I<tzh_leapcnt>" + +#. type: TP +#: debian-bookworm +#, no-wrap +msgid "I<tzh_timecnt>" +msgstr "I<tzh_timecnt>" + +#. type: TP +#: debian-bookworm +#, no-wrap +msgid "I<tzh_typecnt>" +msgstr "I<tzh_typecnt>" + +#. type: TP +#: debian-bookworm +#, no-wrap +msgid "I<tzh_charcnt>" +msgstr "I<tzh_charcnt>" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "I<tzh_timecnt> four-byte signed integer values sorted in ascending " +#| "order. These values are written in standard byte order. Each is used as " +#| "a transition time (as returned by B<time>(2)) at which the rules for " +#| "computing local time change." +msgid "" +"I<tzh_timecnt> four-byte signed integer values sorted in ascending order. " +"These values are written in network byte order. Each is used as a " +"transition time (as returned by B<time>(2)) at which the rules for " +"computing local time change." +msgstr "" +"Четырёхбайтовые знаковые целые I<tzh_timecnt>, сортируются в порядке " +"возрастания. Эти значения записываются в стандартном порядке байт. Каждое " +"значение используется как момент перевода часов (возвращаемый B<time>(2)), " +"по правилам которого вычисляется изменение локального времени." + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm +msgid "" +"I<tzh_timecnt> one-byte unsigned integer values; each one but the last tells " +"which of the different types of local time types described in the file is " +"associated with the time period starting with the same-indexed transition " +"time and continuing up to but not including the next transition time. (The " +"last time type is present only for consistency checking with the POSIX-style " +"TZ string described below.) These values serve as indices into the next " +"field." +msgstr "" +"Однобайтовые беззнаковые целые I<tzh_timecnt>; все кроме последнего " +"описывают как различные типы типов локального времени, указанные в файле, " +"связаны с периодом времени, начинающимся как переходное время с тем же " +"индексом и перечисляются (исключая) до следующего переходного времени (тип " +"последнего времени указывается только для проверки целостности строки TZ в " +"формате POSIX, описанном ниже). Эти значения служат индексами для следующего " +"поля." + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm +msgid "I<tzh_typecnt> I<ttinfo> entries, each defined as follows:" +msgstr "Элементы I<tzh_typecnt> I<ttinfo> определены следующим образом:" + +#. type: ta +#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +#, no-wrap +msgid ".5i +\\w'unsigned char\\0\\0'u" +msgstr ".5i +\\w'unsigned char\\0\\0'u" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Each structure is written as a four-byte signed integer value for " +#| "I<tt_gmtoff>, in a standard byte order, followed by a one-byte value for " +#| "I<tt_isdst> and a one-byte value for I<tt_abbrind>. In each structure, " +#| "I<tt_gmtoff> gives the number of seconds to be added to UT, I<tt_isdst> " +#| "tells whether I<tm_isdst> should be set by B<localtime>(3) and " +#| "I<tt_abbrind> serves as an index into the array of time zone abbreviation " +#| "bytes that follow the I<ttinfo> structure(s) in the file." +msgid "" +"Each structure is written as a four-byte signed integer value for " +"I<tt_utoff>, in network byte order, followed by a one-byte boolean for " +"I<tt_isdst> and a one-byte value for I<tt_desigidx>. In each structure, " +"I<tt_utoff> gives the number of seconds to be added to UT, I<tt_isdst> tells " +"whether I<tm_isdst> should be set by B<localtime>(3) and I<tt_desigidx> " +"serves as an index into the array of time zone abbreviation bytes that " +"follow the I<ttinfo> structure(s) in the file. The I<tt_utoff> value is " +"never equal to -2**31, to let 32-bit clients negate it without overflow. " +"Also, in realistic applications I<tt_utoff> is in the range [-89999, 93599] " +"(i.e., more than -25 hours and less than 26 hours); this allows easy support " +"by implementations that already support the POSIX-required range [-24:59:59, " +"25:59:59]." +msgstr "" +"Каждая структура состоит из четырехбайтного знакового числа I<tt_gmtoff>, " +"записанного в стандартном порядке байт; за ним следует однобайтное значение " +"I<tt_isdst> и однобайтное значение I<tt_abbrind>. В каждой структуре " +"I<tt_gmtoff> означает, сколько секунд надо добавить к UT; I<tt_isdst> " +"определяет, будет ли I<tm_isdst> устанавливаться B<localtime>(3), а " +"I<tt_abbrind> является индексом массива аббревиатур байт часовых поясов, за " +"которым в файле следуют структуры I<ttinfo>." + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "I<tzh_leapcnt> pairs of four-byte values, written in standard byte order; " +#| "the first value of each pair gives the nonnegative time (as returned by " +#| "B<time>(2)) at which a leap second occurs; the second gives the I<total> " +#| "number of leap seconds to be applied during the time period starting at " +#| "the given time. The pairs of values are sorted in ascending order by " +#| "time. Each transition is for one leap second, either positive or " +#| "negative; transitions always separated by at least 28 days minus 1 second." +msgid "" +"I<tzh_leapcnt> pairs of four-byte values, written in network byte order; the " +"first value of each pair gives the nonnegative time (as returned by " +"B<time>(2)) at which a leap second occurs; the second is a signed integer " +"specifying the I<total> number of leap seconds to be applied during the time " +"period starting at the given time. The pairs of values are sorted in " +"ascending order by time. Each transition is for one leap second, either " +"positive or negative; transitions always separated by at least 28 days minus " +"1 second." +msgstr "" +"Пары четырехбайтных значений I<tzh_leapcnt>, записанные в стандартном " +"порядке байт; первое значение каждой пары задает неотрицательное время " +"(возвращаемое B<time>(2)) появления високосной секунды; вторая пара " +"определяет I<общее> количество високосных секунд, добавляемых во время " +"периода времени, начинающегося в указанное время. Пары значений " +"располагаются в порядке возрастания времени. Каждым переходом считается одна " +"високосная секунда, положительная или отрицательная; переходы всегда " +"отстают друг от друга на не менее чем 28 дней минус 1 секунда." + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "I<tzh_ttisstdcnt> standard/wall indicators, each stored as a one-byte " +#| "value; they tell whether the transition times associated with local time " +#| "types were specified as standard time or wall clock time, and are used " +#| "when a timezone file is used in handling POSIX-style timezone environment " +#| "variables." +msgid "" +"I<tzh_ttisstdcnt> standard/wall indicators, each stored as a one-byte " +"boolean; they tell whether the transition times associated with local time " +"types were specified as standard time or local (wall clock) time." +msgstr "" +"Индикаторы стандартного/местного времени I<tzh_ttisstdcnt>, хранимые в виде " +"однобайтовых значений; эти индикаторы определяют, как связаны моменты " +"перевода часов с локальными типами времени: согласно стандартному или " +"местному времени. Эти индикаторы используются, когда файл с информацией о " +"часовых поясах работает с POSIX-совместимыми переменными окружения часовых " +"поясов." + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "I<tzh_ttisgmtcnt> UT/local indicators, each stored as a one-byte value; " +#| "they tell whether the transition times associated with local time types " +#| "were specified as UT or local time, and are used when a timezone file is " +#| "used in handling POSIX-style timezone environment variables." +msgid "" +"I<tzh_ttisutcnt> UT/local indicators, each stored as a one-byte boolean; " +"they tell whether the transition times associated with local time types were " +"specified as UT or local time. If a UT/local indicator is set, the " +"corresponding standard/wall indicator must also be set." +msgstr "" +"UT/локальные индикаторы I<tzh_ttisgmtcnt>, хранимые в виде однобайтовых " +"значений; эти индикаторы определяют, как связаны моменты перевода часов с " +"локальными типами времени: согласно UT или локальному времени. Эти " +"индикаторы используются, когда файл с информацией о часовых поясах работает " +"с POSIX-совместимыми переменными окружения часовых поясов." + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"The standard/wall and UT/local indicators were designed for transforming a " +"TZif file's transition times into transitions appropriate for another time " +"zone specified via a POSIX-style TZ string that lacks rules. For example, " +"when TZ=\"EET\\*-2EEST\" and there is no TZif file \"EET\\*-2EEST\", the " +"idea was to adapt the transition times from a TZif file with the well-known " +"name \"posixrules\" that is present only for this purpose and is a copy of " +"the file \"Europe/Brussels\", a file with a different UT offset. POSIX does " +"not specify this obsolete transformational behavior, the default rules are " +"installation-dependent, and no implementation is known to support this " +"feature for timestamps past 2037, so users desiring (say) Greek time should " +"instead specify TZ=\"Europe/Athens\" for better historical coverage, falling " +"back on TZ=\"EET\\*-2EEST,M3.5.0/3,M10.5.0/4\" if POSIX conformance is " +"required and older timestamps need not be handled accurately." +msgstr "" + +#. http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=122906#47 +#. Reviewed by upstream and rejected, May 2012 +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "The B<localtime>(3) function uses the first standard-time I<ttinfo> " +#| "structure in the file (or simply the first I<ttinfo> structure in the " +#| "absence of a standard-time structure) if either I<tzh_timecnt> is zero " +#| "or the time argument is less than the first transition time recorded in " +#| "the file." +msgid "" +"The B<localtime>(3) function normally uses the first I<ttinfo> structure in " +"the file if either I<tzh_timecnt> is zero or the time argument is less than " +"the first transition time recorded in the file." +msgstr "" +"Функция I<localtime>(3) использует первую структуру стандартного времени " +"I<ttinfo> из этого файла (или просто первую структуру I<ttinfo> при " +"отсутствии структуры стандартного времени), если значение I<tzh_timecnt> " +"равно нулю или аргумент времени меньше первого момента перевода часов, " +"записанного в файле." + +#. type: SH +#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable +#, no-wrap +msgid "NOTES" +msgstr "ЗАМЕЧАНИЯ" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable +msgid "" +"This manual page documents I<E<lt>tzfile.hE<gt>> in the glibc source " +"archive, see I<timezone/tzfile.h>." +msgstr "" + +#. #-#-#-#-# debian-bookworm: tzfile.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-# +#. End of patch +#. type: Plain text +#. #-#-#-#-# debian-unstable: tzfile.5.pot (PACKAGE VERSION) #-#-#-#-# +#. End of patch +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable +msgid "" +"It seems that timezone uses B<tzfile> internally, but glibc refuses to " +"expose it to userspace. This is most likely because the standardised " +"functions are more useful and portable, and actually documented by glibc. " +"It may only be in glibc just to support the non-glibc-maintained timezone " +"data (which is maintained by some other entity)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm +msgid "" +"For version-2-format timezone files, the above header and data are followed " +"by a second header and data, identical in format except that eight bytes are " +"used for each transition time or leap second time. (Leap second counts " +"remain four bytes.) After the second header and data comes a newline-" +"enclosed, POSIX-TZ-environment-variable-style string for use in handling " +"instants after the last transition time stored in the file or for all " +"instants if the file has no transitions. The POSIX-style TZ string is empty " +"(i.e., nothing between the newlines) if there is no POSIX representation " +"for such instants. If nonempty, the POSIX-style TZ string must agree with " +"the local time type after the last transition time if present in the eight-" +"byte data; for example, given the string" +msgstr "" +"Для файлов версии 2 с информацией о часовых поясах вышеприведённый заголовок " +"и данные, идущие за вторым заголовком и данными, идентичны по формату, за " +"исключением того, что для каждого перевода времени или високосной секунды " +"используется восемь байт (високосная секунда занимает оставшиеся четыре " +"байта). После второго заголовка и данных следует закрывающий символ новой " +"строки, строка в формате переменной TZ из окружения POSIX для обработки " +"моментов сразу после последнего перевода времени, хранящегося в файле или " +"для всех моментов, если в файле нет переводов. Строка TZ в формате POSIX " +"будет пустой (т. е. между символами новой строки ничего нет), если для таких " +"моментов нет представления POSIX. Если она не пуста, то строка TZ в формате " +"POSIX должна соответствовать типу локального времени после обоих данных о " +"временах последнего перевода, если она представлена в виде восьми байтов " +"данных; например, если задана строка" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"For version-3-format timezone files, the POSIX-TZ-style string may use two " +"minor extensions to the POSIX TZ format, as described in B<newtzset>(3). " +"First, the hours part of its transition times may be signed and range from " +"-167 through 167 instead of the POSIX-required unsigned values from 0 " +"through 24. Second, DST is in effect all year if it starts January 1 at " +"00:00 and ends December 31 at 24:00 plus the difference between daylight " +"saving and standard time." +msgstr "" +"В формате файлов часовых поясов версии 3 в строке в стиле POSIX-TZ можно " +"использовать два небольших расширения формата POSIX TZ, это описывается в " +"B<newtzset>(3). Во-первых, часовая часть времён перевода может быть знаковой " +"и имеет диапазон с -167 по 167, и не соответствовать беззнаковому значению " +"POSIX от 0 до 24. Во-вторых, DST действует на весь год, если он начинается с " +"1 января 00:00 и заканчивается 31 декабря в 24:00 плюс разница между зимним " +"и обычным временем." + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm +msgid "" +"Version 1 files are considered a legacy format and should be avoided, as " +"they do not support transition times after the year 2038. Readers that only " +"understand Version 1 must ignore any data that extends beyond the calculated " +"end of the version 1 data block." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm +msgid "" +"Writers should generate a version 3 file if TZ string extensions are " +"necessary to accurately model transition times. Otherwise, version 2 files " +"should be generated." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm +msgid "" +"The sequence of time changes defined by the version 1 header and data block " +"should be a contiguous subsequence of the time changes defined by the " +"version 2+ header and data block, and by the footer. This guideline helps " +"obsolescent version 1 readers agree with current readers about timestamps " +"within the contiguous subsequence. It also lets writers not supporting " +"obsolescent readers use a I<tzh_timecnt> of zero in the version 1 data block " +"to save space." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm +msgid "" +"When reading a version 2 or 3 file, readers should ignore the version 1 " +"header and data block except for the purpose of skipping over them." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm +msgid "" +"When new versions of the TZif format have been defined, a design goal has " +"been that a reader can successfully use a TZif file even if the file is of a " +"later TZif version than what the reader was designed for. When complete " +"compatibility was not achieved, an attempt was made to limit glitches to " +"rarely used timestamps, and to allow simple partial workarounds in writers " +"designed to generate new-version data useful even for older-version " +"readers. This section attempts to document these compatibility issues and " +"workarounds, as well as to document other common bugs in readers." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm +msgid "" +"Some readers designed for version 2 might mishandle timestamps after a " +"version 3 file's last transition, because they cannot parse extensions to " +"POSIX in the TZ-like string. As a partial workaround, a writer can output " +"more transitions than necessary, so that only far-future timestamps are " +"mishandled by version 2 readers." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm +msgid "" +"Some readers designed for version 2 do not support permanent daylight saving " +"time, e.g., a TZ string" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm +msgid "" +"denoting permanent Eastern Daylight Time (-04). As a partial workaround, a " +"writer can substitute standard time for the next time zone east, e.g.," +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "Some readers mishandle POSIX-style TZ strings that contain" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Some readers mishandle TZif files that specify daylight-saving time UT " +"offsets that are less than the UT offsets for the corresponding standard " +"time. These readers do not support locations like Ireland, which uses the " +"equivalent of the POSIX TZ string" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron +#: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"observing standard time (IST, +01) in summer and daylight saving time (GMT, " +"+00) in winter. As a partial workaround, a writer can output data for the " +"equivalent of the POSIX TZ string" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-bookworm +msgid "" +"Olson A, Eggert P, Murchison K. The Time Zone Information Format (TZif). " +"2019 Feb. E<.UR https://\\:www.rfc-editor.org/\\:info/\\:rfc8536> Internet " +"RFC 8536 E<.UE> E<.UR https://\\:doi.org/\\:10.17487/\\:RFC8536> " +"doi:10.17487/RFC8536 E<.UE .>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 +#: opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"B<tzh_timecnt> one-byte unsigned integer values; each one but the last tells " +"which of the different types of local time types described in the file is " +"associated with the time period starting with the same-indexed transition " +"time and continuing up to but not including the next transition time. (The " +"last time type is present only for consistency checking with the POSIX-style " +"TZ string described below.) These values serve as indices into the next " +"field." +msgstr "" +"Однобайтовые беззнаковые целые B<tzh_timecnt>; все кроме последнего " +"описывают как различные типы типов локального времени, указанные в файле, " +"связаны с периодом времени, начинающимся как переходное время с тем же " +"индексом и перечисляются (исключая) до следующего переходного времени (тип " +"последнего времени указывается только для проверки целостности строки TZ в " +"формате POSIX, описанном ниже). Эти значения служат индексами для следующего " +"поля." + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 +#: opensuse-tumbleweed +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "For version-2-format timezone files, the above header and data are " +#| "followed by a second header and data, identical in format except that " +#| "eight bytes are used for each transition time or leap second time. (Leap " +#| "second counts remain four bytes.) After the second header and data comes " +#| "a newline-enclosed, POSIX-TZ-environment-variable-style string for use in " +#| "handling instants after the last transition time stored in the file or " +#| "for all instants if the file has no transitions. The POSIX-style TZ " +#| "string is empty (i.e., nothing between the newlines) if there is no " +#| "POSIX representation for such instants. If nonempty, the POSIX-style TZ " +#| "string must agree with the local time type after the last transition time " +#| "if present in the eight-byte data; for example, given the string" +msgid "" +"For version-2-format timezone files, the above header and data are followed " +"by a second header and data, identical in format except that eight bytes are " +"used for each transition time or leap second time. (Leap second counts " +"remain four bytes.) After the second header and data comes a newline-" +"enclosed, POSIX-TZ-environment-variable-style string for use in handling " +"instants after the last transition time stored in the file or for all " +"instants if the file has no transitions. The POSIX-style TZ string is empty " +"(i.e., nothing between the newlines) if there is no POSIX-style " +"representation for such instants. If nonempty, the POSIX-style TZ string " +"must agree with the local time type after the last transition time if " +"present in the eight-byte data; for example, given the string" +msgstr "" +"Для файлов версии 2 с информацией о часовых поясах вышеприведённый заголовок " +"и данные, идущие за вторым заголовком и данными, идентичны по формату, за " +"исключением того, что для каждого перевода времени или високосной секунды " +"используется восемь байт (високосная секунда занимает оставшиеся четыре " +"байта). После второго заголовка и данных следует закрывающий символ новой " +"строки, строка в формате переменной TZ из окружения POSIX для обработки " +"моментов сразу после последнего перевода времени, хранящегося в файле или " +"для всех моментов, если в файле нет переводов. Строка TZ в формате POSIX " +"будет пустой (т. е. между символами новой строки ничего нет), если для таких " +"моментов нет представления POSIX. Если она не пуста, то строка TZ в формате " +"POSIX должна соответствовать типу локального времени после обоих данных о " +"временах последнего перевода, если она представлена в виде восьми байтов " +"данных; например, если задана строка" + +#. type: Plain text +#: debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 +#: opensuse-tumbleweed +msgid "" +"Some readers designed for version 2 might mishandle timestamps after a " +"version 3 or higher file's last transition, because they cannot parse " +"extensions to POSIX in the TZ-like string. As a partial workaround, a " +"writer can output more transitions than necessary, so that only far-future " +"timestamps are mishandled by version 2 readers." +msgstr "" |