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diff --git a/upstream/archlinux/man1/perl5380delta.1perl b/upstream/archlinux/man1/perl5380delta.1perl new file mode 100644 index 00000000..23249a5e --- /dev/null +++ b/upstream/archlinux/man1/perl5380delta.1perl @@ -0,0 +1,1750 @@ +.\" -*- mode: troff; coding: utf-8 -*- +.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 5.01 (Pod::Simple 3.43) +.\" +.\" Standard preamble: +.\" ======================================================================== +.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) +.if t .sp .5v +.if n .sp +.. +.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text +.ft CW +.nf +.ne \\$1 +.. +.de Ve \" End verbatim text +.ft R +.fi +.. +.\" \*(C` and \*(C' are quotes in nroff, nothing in troff, for use with C<>. +.ie n \{\ +. ds C` "" +. ds C' "" +'br\} +.el\{\ +. ds C` +. ds C' +'br\} +.\" +.\" Escape single quotes in literal strings from groff's Unicode transform. +.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq +.el .ds Aq ' +.\" +.\" If the F register is >0, we'll generate index entries on stderr for +.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.SS), items (.Ip), and index +.\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the +.\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion. +.\" +.\" Avoid warning from groff about undefined register 'F'. +.de IX +.. +.nr rF 0 +.if \n(.g .if rF .nr rF 1 +.if (\n(rF:(\n(.g==0)) \{\ +. if \nF \{\ +. de IX +. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2" +.. +. if !\nF==2 \{\ +. nr % 0 +. nr F 2 +. \} +. \} +.\} +.rr rF +.\" ======================================================================== +.\" +.IX Title "PERL5380DELTA 1perl" +.TH PERL5380DELTA 1perl 2024-02-11 "perl v5.38.2" "Perl Programmers Reference Guide" +.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes +.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. +.if n .ad l +.nh +.SH NAME +perl5380delta \- what is new for perl v5.38.0 +.SH DESCRIPTION +.IX Header "DESCRIPTION" +This document describes differences between the 5.36.0 release and the 5.38.0 +release. +.SH "Core Enhancements" +.IX Header "Core Enhancements" +.ie n .SS "New ""class"" Feature" +.el .SS "New \f(CWclass\fP Feature" +.IX Subsection "New class Feature" +A new \fBexperimental\fR syntax is now available for defining object classes, +where per-instance data is stored in "field" variables that behave like +lexicals. +.PP +.Vb 1 +\& use feature \*(Aqclass\*(Aq; +\& +\& class Point +\& { +\& field $x; +\& field $y; +\& +\& method zero { $x = $y = 0; } +\& } +.Ve +.PP +This is described in more detail in perlclass. Notes on the internals of +its implementation and other related details can be found in perlclassguts. +.PP +This remains a new and experimental feature, and is very much still under +development. It will be the subject of much further addition, refinement and +alteration in future releases. As it is experimental, it yields warnings in +the \f(CW\*(C`experimental::class\*(C'\fR category. These can be silenced by a +\&\f(CW\*(C`no warnings\*(C'\fR statement. +.PP +.Vb 2 +\& use feature \*(Aqclass\*(Aq; +\& no warnings \*(Aqexperimental::class\*(Aq; +.Ve +.SS "Unicode 15.0 is supported" +.IX Subsection "Unicode 15.0 is supported" +See <https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode15.0.0/> for details. +.SS "Deprecation warnings now have specific subcategories" +.IX Subsection "Deprecation warnings now have specific subcategories" +All deprecation warnings now have their own specific deprecation category which +can be disabled individually. You can see a list of all deprecated features in +perldeprecation, and in warnings. The following list is from warnings: +.PP +.Vb 10 +\& +\- deprecated \-\-\-\-+ +\& | | +\& | +\- deprecated::apostrophe_as_package_separator +\& | | +\& | +\- deprecated::delimiter_will_be_paired +\& | | +\& | +\- deprecated::dot_in_inc +\& | | +\& | +\- deprecated::goto_construct +\& | | +\& | +\- deprecated::smartmatch +\& | | +\& | +\- deprecated::unicode_property_name +\& | | +\& | +\- deprecated::version_downgrade +.Ve +.PP +It is still possible to disable all deprecation warnings in a single +statement with +.PP +.Vb 1 +\& no warnings \*(Aqdeprecated\*(Aq; +.Ve +.PP +but now is possible to have a finer grained control. As has historically been +the case these warnings are automatically enabled with +.PP +.Vb 1 +\& use warnings; +.Ve +.SS "%{^HOOK} API introduced" +.IX Subsection "%{^HOOK} API introduced" +For various reasons it can be difficult to create subroutine wrappers +for some of perls keywords. Any keyword which has an undefined +prototype simply cannot be wrapped with a subroutine, and some keywords +which perl permits to be wrapped are in practice very tricky to wrap. +For example \f(CW\*(C`require\*(C'\fR is tricky to wrap, it is possible but doing so +changes the stack depth, and the standard methods of exporting assume +that they will be exporting to a package at certain stack depth up the +stack, and the wrapper will thus change where functions are exported to +unless implemented with a great deal of care. This can be very awkward +to deal with. +.PP +Accordingly we have introduced a new hash called \f(CW\*(C`%{^HOOK}\*(C'\fR which is +intended to facilitate such cases. When a keyword supports any kind of +special hook then the hook will live in this new hash. Hooks in this +hash will be named after the function they are called by, followed by +two underbars and then the phase they are executed in, currently either +before or after the keyword is executed. +.PP +In this initial release we support two hooks \f(CW\*(C`require_\|_before\*(C'\fR and +\&\f(CW\*(C`require_\|_after\*(C'\fR. These are provided to make it easier to perform tasks +before and after a require statement. +.PP +See perlvar for more details. +.SS PERL_RAND_SEED +.IX Subsection "PERL_RAND_SEED" +Added a new environment variable \f(CW\*(C`PERL_RAND_SEED\*(C'\fR which can be used to +cause a perl program which uses \f(CW\*(C`rand\*(C'\fR without using \f(CWsrand()\fR +explicitly or which uses \f(CWsrand()\fR with no arguments to be repeatable. +See perlrun. This feature can be disabled at compile time by passing +.PP +.Vb 1 +\& \-Accflags=\-DNO_PERL_RAND_SEED +.Ve +.PP +to \fIConfigure\fR during the build process. +.SS "Defined-or and logical-or assignment default expressions in signatures" +.IX Subsection "Defined-or and logical-or assignment default expressions in signatures" +The default expression for a subroutine signature parameter can now be +assigned using the \f(CW\*(C`//=\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`||=\*(C'\fR operators, to apply the defaults whenever +the caller provided an undefined or false value (respectively), rather than +simply when the parameter is missing entirely. For more detail see the +documentation in perlsub. +.ie n .SS "@INC Hook Enhancements and $INC and INCDIR" +.el .SS "\f(CW@INC\fP Hook Enhancements and \f(CW$INC\fP and INCDIR" +.IX Subsection "@INC Hook Enhancements and $INC and INCDIR" +The internals for \f(CW@INC\fR hooks have been hardened to handle various +edge cases and should no longer segfault or throw assert failures when +hooks modify \f(CW@INC\fR during a require operation. As part of this we +now ensure that any given hook is executed at most once during a require +call, and that any duplicate directories do not trigger additional +directory probes. +.PP +To provide developers more control over dynamic module lookup, a new hook +method \f(CW\*(C`INCDIR\*(C'\fR is now supported. An object supporting this method may be +injected into the \f(CW@INC\fR array, and when it is encountered in the module +search process it will be executed, just like how INC hooks are executed, +and its return value used as a list of directories to search for the +module. Returning an empty list acts as a no-op. Note that since any +references returned by this hook will be stringified and used as strings, +you may not return a hook to be executed later via this API. +.PP +When an \f(CW@INC\fR hook (either \f(CW\*(C`INC\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`INCDIR\*(C'\fR) is called during +require, the \f(CW$INC\fR variable will be localized to be the value of the +index of \f(CW@INC\fR that the hook came from. If the hook wishes to override +what the "next" index in \f(CW@INC\fR should be it may update \f(CW$INC\fR to be one +less than the desired index (\f(CW\*(C`undef\*(C'\fR is equivalent to \f(CW\-1\fR). This +allows an \f(CW@INC\fR hook to completely rewrite the \f(CW@INC\fR array and have +perl restart its directory probes from the beginning of \f(CW@INC\fR. +.PP +Blessed CODE references in \f(CW@INC\fR that do not support the \f(CW\*(C`INC\*(C'\fR or +\&\f(CW\*(C`INCDIR\*(C'\fR methods will no longer trigger an exception, and instead will +be treated the same as unblessed coderefs are, and executed as though +they were an \f(CW\*(C`INC\*(C'\fR hook. +.ie n .SS "Forbidden control flow out of ""defer"" or ""finally"" now detected at compile-time" +.el .SS "Forbidden control flow out of \f(CWdefer\fP or \f(CWfinally\fP now detected at compile-time" +.IX Subsection "Forbidden control flow out of defer or finally now detected at compile-time" +It is forbidden to attempt to leave a \f(CW\*(C`defer\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`finally\*(C'\fR block by means +of control flow such as \f(CW\*(C`return\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`goto\*(C'\fR. Previous versions of perl could +only detect this when actually attempted at runtime. +.PP +This version of perl adds compile-time detection for many cases that can be +statically determined. This may mean that code which compiled successfully on +a previous version of perl is now reported as a compile-time error with this +one. This only happens in cases where it would have been an error to actually +execute the code anyway; the error simply happens at an earlier time. +.SS "Optimistic Eval in Patterns" +.IX Subsection "Optimistic Eval in Patterns" +The use of \f(CW\*(C`(?{ ... })\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`(??{ ... })\*(C'\fR in a pattern disables various +optimisations globally in that pattern. This may or may not be desired by the +programmer. This release adds the \f(CW\*(C`(*{ ... })\*(C'\fR +equivalent. The only difference is that it does not and will never disable +any optimisations in the regex engine. This may make it more unstable in the +sense that it may be called more or less times in the future, however the +number of times it executes will truly match how the regex engine functions. +For example, certain types of optimisation are disabled when \f(CW\*(C`(?{ ... })\*(C'\fR is +included in a pattern, so that patterns which are O(N) in normal use become +O(N*N) with a \f(CW\*(C`(?{ ... })\*(C'\fR pattern in them. Switching to \f(CW\*(C`(*{ ... })\*(C'\fR means +the pattern will stay O(N). +.SS "REG_INF has been raised from 65,536 to 2,147,483,647" +.IX Subsection "REG_INF has been raised from 65,536 to 2,147,483,647" +Many regex quantifiers used to be limited to \f(CW\*(C`U16_MAX\*(C'\fR in the past, but are +now limited to \f(CW\*(C`I32_MAX\*(C'\fR, thus it is now possible to write +\&\f(CW\*(C`/(?:word){1000000}/\*(C'\fR for example. Note that doing so may cause the regex +engine to run longer and use more memory. +.SS "New API functions optimize_optree and finalize_optree" +.IX Subsection "New API functions optimize_optree and finalize_optree" +There are two new API functions for operating on optree fragments, ensuring +you can invoke the required parts of the optree-generation process that might +otherwise not get invoked (e.g. when creating a custom LOGOP). To get access +to these functions, you first need to set a \f(CW\*(C`#define\*(C'\fR to opt-in to using +these functions. +.PP +.Vb 1 +\& #define PERL_USE_VOLATILE_API +.Ve +.PP +These functions are closely tied to the internals of how the interpreter +works, and could be altered or removed at any time if other internal changes +make that necessary. +.ie n .SS "Some ""goto""s are now permitted in ""defer"" and ""finally"" blocks" +.el .SS "Some \f(CWgoto\fPs are now permitted in \f(CWdefer\fP and \f(CWfinally\fP blocks" +.IX Subsection "Some gotos are now permitted in defer and finally blocks" +Perl version 5.36.0 added \f(CW\*(C`defer\*(C'\fR blocks and permitted the \f(CW\*(C`finally\*(C'\fR keyword +to also add similar behaviour to \f(CW\*(C`try\*(C'\fR/\f(CW\*(C`catch\*(C'\fR syntax. These did not permit +any \f(CW\*(C`goto\*(C'\fR expression within the body, as it could have caused control flow +to jump out of the block. Now, some \f(CW\*(C`goto\*(C'\fR expressions are allowed, if they +have a constant target label, and that label is found within the block. +.PP +.Vb 1 +\& use feature \*(Aqdefer\*(Aq; +\& +\& defer { +\& goto LABEL; +\& print "This does not execute\en"; +\& LABEL: print "This does\en"; +\& } +.Ve +.SS "New regexp variable ${^LAST_SUCCESSFUL_PATTERN}" +.IX Subsection "New regexp variable ${^LAST_SUCCESSFUL_PATTERN}" +This allows access to the last succesful pattern that matched in the current +scope. Many aspects of the regex engine refer to the "last successful +pattern". The empty pattern reuses it, and all of the magic regex vars relate +to it. This allows access to its pattern. The following code +.PP +.Vb 3 +\& if (m/foo/ || m/bar/) { +\& s//PQR/; +\& } +.Ve +.PP +can be rewritten as follows +.PP +.Vb 3 +\& if (m/foo/ || m/bar/) { +\& s/${^LAST_SUCCESSFUL_PATTERN}/PQR/; +\& } +.Ve +.PP +and it will do the exactly same thing. +.SS "Locale category LC_NAME now supported on participating platforms" +.IX Subsection "Locale category LC_NAME now supported on participating platforms" +On platforms that have the GNU extension \f(CW\*(C`LC_NAME\*(C'\fR category, you may now use +it as the category parameter to "setlocale" in POSIX to set and query its locale. +.SH "Incompatible Changes" +.IX Header "Incompatible Changes" +.SS "\fBreadline()\fP no longer clears the stream error and eof flags" +.IX Subsection "readline() no longer clears the stream error and eof flags" +\&\f(CWreadline()\fR, also spelled \f(CW\*(C`<>\*(C'\fR, would clear the handle's error +and eof flags after an error occurred on the stream. +.PP +In nearly all cases this clear is no longer done, so the error and +eof flags now properly reflect the status of the stream after +\&\fBreadline()\fR. +.PP +Since the error flag is no longer cleared calling \fBclose()\fR on the +stream may fail and if the stream was not explicitly closed, the +implicit close of the stream may produce a warning. +.PP +This has resulted in two main types of problems in downstream CPAN +modules, and these may also occur in your code: +.IP \(bu 4 +If your code reads to end of file, and then rebinds the handle to a +new file descriptor, previously since the eof flag wasn't set you +could continue to read from the stream. You now need to clear the eof +flag yourself with \f(CW\*(C`$handle\->clearerr()\*(C'\fR to continue reading. +.IP \(bu 4 +If your code encounters an error on the stream while reading with +\&\fBreadline()\fR you will need to call \f(CW\*(C`$handle\->clearerr\*(C'\fR to continue +reading. The one case this occurred the underlying file descriptor was +marked non-blocking, so the \fBread()\fR system call was failing with +\&\f(CW\*(C`EAGAIN\*(C'\fR, which resulted in the error flag being set on the stream. +.PP +The only case where error and eof flags continue to cleared on +error is when reading from the child process for \fBglob()\fR in +\&\fIminiperl\fR. This allows it to correctly report errors from the child +process on \fBclose()\fR. This is unlikely to be an issue during normal +perl development. +.PP +[GH #20060 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/20060>] +.ie n .SS """INIT"" blocks no longer run after an exit() in ""BEGIN""" +.el .SS "\f(CWINIT\fP blocks no longer run after an \f(CWexit()\fP in \f(CWBEGIN\fP" +.IX Subsection "INIT blocks no longer run after an exit() in BEGIN" +\&\f(CW\*(C`INIT\*(C'\fR blocks will no longer run after an \f(CWexit()\fR performed inside of +a \f(CW\*(C`BEGIN\*(C'\fR. This means that the combination of the \f(CW\*(C`\-v\*(C'\fR option and the +\&\f(CW\*(C`\-c\*(C'\fR option no longer executes a compile check as well as showing the +perl version. The \f(CW\*(C`\-v\*(C'\fR option executes an \fBexit\fR\|(0) after printing the +version information inside of a \f(CW\*(C`BEGIN\*(C'\fR block, and the \f(CW\*(C`\-c\*(C'\fR check is +implemented by using \f(CW\*(C`INIT\*(C'\fR hooks, resulting in the \f(CW\*(C`\-v\*(C'\fR option taking +precedence. +.PP +[GH #1537 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/1537>] +[GH #20181 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/20181>] +.SS "Syntax errors no longer produce ""phantom error messages""" +.IX Subsection "Syntax errors no longer produce ""phantom error messages""" +Generally perl will continue parsing the source code even after +encountering a compile error. In many cases this is helpful, for +instance with misspelled variable names it is helpful to show as many +examples of the error as possible. But in the case of syntax errors +continuing often produces bizarre error messages and may even cause +segmentation faults during the compile process. In this release the +compiler will halt at the first syntax error encountered. This means +that any code expecting to see the specific error messages we used to +produce will be broken. The error that is emitted will be one of the +diagnostics that used to be produced, but in some cases some messages +that used to be produced will no longer be displayed. +.PP +See "Changes to Existing Diagnostics" for more details. +.ie n .SS utf8::upgrade() +.el .SS \f(CWutf8::upgrade()\fP +.IX Subsection "utf8::upgrade()" +Starting in this release, if the input string is \f(CW\*(C`undef\*(C'\fR, it remains +\&\f(CW\*(C`undef\*(C'\fR. Previously it would be changed into a defined, zero-length +string. +.SS "Changes to ""thread-safe"" locales" +.IX Subsection "Changes to ""thread-safe"" locales" +Perl 5.28 introduced "thread-safe" locales on systems that supported +them, namely modern Windows, and systems supporting POSIX 2008 locale +operations. These systems accomplish this by having per-thread locales, +while continuing to support the older global locale operations for code +that doesn't take the steps necessary to use the newer per-thread ones. +.PP +It turns out that some POSIX 2008 platforms have or have had buggy +implementations, which forced perl to not use them. The +\&\f(CW\*(C`${^SAFE_LOCALES}\*(C'\fR scalar variable contains 0 or 1 to indicate whether +or not the current platform is considered by perl to have a working +thread-safe implementation. Some implementations have been fixed +already, but FreeBSD and Cygwin have been newly discovered to be +sufficiently buggy that the thread-safe operations are no longer used by +perl, starting in this release. Hence, \f(CW\*(C`${^SAFE_LOCALES}\*(C'\fR is now 0 for +them. Older versions of perl can be configured to avoid these buggy +implementations by adding the \fIConfigure\fR option +\&\f(CW\*(C`\-DNO_POSIX_2008_LOCALE\*(C'\fR. +.PP +And v5.38 fixes a bug in all previous perls that led to locales not +being fully thread-safe. The first thread that finishes caused +the main thread (named \f(CW\*(C`thread0\*(C'\fR) to revert to the global locale in +effect at startup, discarding whatever the thread's locale had been +previously set to. If any other thread had switched to the global +locale by calling \f(CWswitch_to_global_locale()\fR in XS code, those threads +would all share the global locale, and \f(CW\*(C`thread0\*(C'\fR would not be +thread-safe. +.SH Deprecations +.IX Header "Deprecations" +.ie n .SS "Use of ""\*(Aq"" as a package name separator is deprecated" +.el .SS "Use of \f(CW\*(Aq\fP as a package name separator is deprecated" +.IX Subsection "Use of as a package name separator is deprecated" +Using \f(CW\*(C`\*(Aq\*(C'\fR as package separator in a variable named in a double-quoted +string has warned since 5.28. It is now deprecated in both string +interpolation and non-interpolated contexts, and will be removed in +Perl 5.42. +.SS "Switch and Smart Match operator" +.IX Subsection "Switch and Smart Match operator" +The "switch" feature and the smartmatch operator, \f(CW\*(C`~~\*(C'\fR, were introduced in +v5.10. Their behavior was significantly changed in v5.10.1. When the +"experiment" system was added in v5.18.0, switch and smartmatch were +retroactively declared experimental. Over the years, proposals to fix or +supplement the features have come and gone. +.PP +In v5.38.0, we are declaring the experiment a failure. Some future system may +take the conceptual place of smartmatch, but it has not yet been designed or +built. +.PP +These features will be entirely removed from perl in v5.42.0. +.SH "Performance Enhancements" +.IX Header "Performance Enhancements" +.IP \(bu 4 +Additional optree optimizations for common OP patterns. For example, multiple +simple OPs replaced by a single streamlined OP, so as to be more efficient at +runtime. [GH #19943 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/pull/19943>], +[GH #20063 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/pull/20063>], +[GH #20077 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/pull/20077>]. +.IP \(bu 4 +Creating an anonymous sub no longer generates an \f(CW\*(C`srefgen\*(C'\fR op, the +reference generation is now done in the \f(CW\*(C`anoncode\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`anonconst\*(C'\fR +op, saving runtime. [GH #20290 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/pull/20290>] +.SH "Modules and Pragmata" +.IX Header "Modules and Pragmata" +.SS "Updated Modules and Pragmata" +.IX Subsection "Updated Modules and Pragmata" +.IP \(bu 4 +Added the \f(CWis_tainted()\fR builtin function. [GH #19854 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/19854>] +.IP \(bu 4 +Added the \f(CWexport_lexically()\fR builtin function as per PPC 0020 <https://github.com/Perl/PPCs/blob/main/ppcs/ppc0020-lexical-export.md>. [GH #19895 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/19895>] +.IP \(bu 4 +Support for PPC 0018 <https://github.com/Perl/PPCs/blob/main/ppcs/ppc0018-module-true.md>, \f(CW\*(C`use feature "module_true";\*(C'\fR has been added to +the default feature bundle for v5.38 and later. It may also be used +explicitly. When enabled inside of a module the module does not need +to return true explicitly, and in fact the return will be forced to +a simple true value regardless of what it originally was. +.IP \(bu 4 +Attribute::Handlers has been upgraded from version 1.02 to 1.03. +.IP \(bu 4 +attributes has been upgraded from version 0.34 to 0.35. +.IP \(bu 4 +autodie has been upgraded from version 2.34 to 2.36. +.IP \(bu 4 +B has been upgraded from version 1.83 to 1.88. +.IP \(bu 4 +B::Concise has been upgraded from version 1.006 to 1.007. +.IP \(bu 4 +B::Deparse has been upgraded from version 1.64 to 1.74. +.IP \(bu 4 +Benchmark has been upgraded from version 1.23 to 1.24. +.IP \(bu 4 +bignum has been upgraded from version 0.65 to 0.66. +.IP \(bu 4 +Carp has been upgraded from version 1.52 to 1.54. +.IP \(bu 4 +Class::Struct has been upgraded from version 0.66 to 0.68. +.IP \(bu 4 +Compress::Raw::Bzip2 has been upgraded from version 2.103 to 2.204_001. +.IP \(bu 4 +Compress::Raw::Zlib has been upgraded from version 2.105 to 2.204_001. +.IP \(bu 4 +Config::Perl::V has been upgraded from version 0.33 to 0.36. +.IP \(bu 4 +CPAN has been upgraded from version 2.33 to 2.36. +.IP \(bu 4 +Data::Dumper has been upgraded from version 2.184 to 2.188. +.IP \(bu 4 +DB_File has been upgraded from version 1.857 to 1.858. +.IP \(bu 4 +Devel::Peek has been upgraded from version 1.32 to 1.33. +.IP \(bu 4 +Devel::PPPort has been upgraded from version 3.68 to 3.71. +.IP \(bu 4 +Digest::MD5 has been upgraded from version 2.58 to 2.58_01. +.IP \(bu 4 +Digest::SHA has been upgraded from version 6.02 to 6.04. +.IP \(bu 4 +DynaLoader has been upgraded from version 1.52 to 1.54. +.IP \(bu 4 +Encode has been upgraded from version 3.17 to 3.19. +.IP \(bu 4 +encoding::warnings has been upgraded from version 0.13 to 0.14. +.IP \(bu 4 +Env has been upgraded from version 1.05 to 1.06. +.IP \(bu 4 +Errno has been upgraded from version 1.36 to 1.37. +.IP \(bu 4 +experimental has been upgraded from version 0.028 to 0.031. +.IP \(bu 4 +ExtUtils::CBuilder has been upgraded from version 0.280236 to 0.280238. +.IP \(bu 4 +ExtUtils::Install has been upgraded from version 2.20 to 2.22. +.IP \(bu 4 +ExtUtils::MakeMaker has been upgraded from version 7.64 to 7.70. +.IP \(bu 4 +ExtUtils::Miniperl has been upgraded from version 1.11 to 1.13. +.IP \(bu 4 +ExtUtils::ParseXS has been upgraded from version 3.45 to 3.51. +.IP \(bu 4 +ExtUtils::PL2Bat has been upgraded from version 0.004 to 0.005. +.IP \(bu 4 +ExtUtils::Typemaps has been upgraded from version 3.45 to 3.51. +.IP \(bu 4 +feature has been upgraded from version 1.72 to 1.82. +.IP \(bu 4 +File::Basename has been upgraded from version 2.85 to 2.86. +.IP \(bu 4 +File::Copy has been upgraded from version 2.39 to 2.41. +.IP \(bu 4 +File::Find has been upgraded from version 1.40 to 1.43. +.IP \(bu 4 +File::Glob has been upgraded from version 1.37 to 1.40. +.IP \(bu 4 +File::Spec has been upgraded from version 3.84 to 3.89. +.IP \(bu 4 +File::stat has been upgraded from version 1.12 to 1.13. +.IP \(bu 4 +FileHandle has been upgraded from version 2.03 to 2.05. +.IP \(bu 4 +Filter::Util::Call has been upgraded from version 1.60 to 1.64. +.IP \(bu 4 +GDBM_File has been upgraded from version 1.23 to 1.24. +.IP \(bu 4 +Getopt::Long has been upgraded from version 2.52 to 2.54. +.IP \(bu 4 +Hash::Util has been upgraded from version 0.28 to 0.30. +.IP \(bu 4 +HTTP::Tiny has been upgraded from version 0.080 to 0.083. +.IP \(bu 4 +I18N::Langinfo has been upgraded from version 0.21 to 0.22. +.IP \(bu 4 +IO has been upgraded from version 1.50 to 1.52. +.IP \(bu 4 +IO-Compress has been upgraded from version 2.106 to 2.204. +.IP \(bu 4 +IO::Socket::IP has been upgraded from version 0.41 to 0.41_01. +.Sp +On DragonflyBSD, detect \fBsetsockopt()\fR not actually clearing +\&\f(CW\*(C`IPV6_V6ONLY\*(C'\fR even when \fBsetsockopt()\fR returns success. [cpan +#148293 <https://rt.cpan.org/Ticket/Display.html?id=148293>] +.IP \(bu 4 +IO::Zlib has been upgraded from version 1.11 to 1.14. +.IP \(bu 4 +JSON::PP has been upgraded from version 4.07 to 4.16. +.IP \(bu 4 +libnet has been upgraded from version 3.14 to 3.15. +.IP \(bu 4 +Locale::Maketext has been upgraded from version 1.31 to 1.33. +.IP \(bu 4 +Math::BigInt has been upgraded from version 1.999830 to 1.999837. +.IP \(bu 4 +Math::BigInt::FastCalc has been upgraded from version 0.5012 to 0.5013. +.IP \(bu 4 +Math::BigRat has been upgraded from version 0.2621 to 0.2624. +.IP \(bu 4 +Math::Complex has been upgraded from version 1.5902 to 1.62. +.IP \(bu 4 +Memoize has been upgraded from version 1.03_01 to 1.16. +.IP \(bu 4 +MIME::Base64 has been upgraded from version 3.16 to 3.16_01. +.IP \(bu 4 +Module::CoreList has been upgraded from version 5.20220520 to 5.20230520. +.IP \(bu 4 +mro has been upgraded from version 1.26 to 1.28. +.IP \(bu 4 +NDBM_File has been upgraded from version 1.15 to 1.16. +.IP \(bu 4 +Net::Ping has been upgraded from version 2.74 to 2.76. +.IP \(bu 4 +ODBM_File has been upgraded from version 1.17 to 1.18. +.IP \(bu 4 +Opcode has been upgraded from version 1.57 to 1.64. +.IP \(bu 4 +overload has been upgraded from version 1.35 to 1.37. +.IP \(bu 4 +parent has been upgraded from version 0.238 to 0.241. +.IP \(bu 4 +PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint has been upgraded from version 0.09 to 0.10. +.IP \(bu 4 +Pod::Checker has been upgraded from version 1.74 to 1.75. +.IP \(bu 4 +Pod::Html has been upgraded from version 1.33 to 1.34. +.IP \(bu 4 +Pod::Usage has been upgraded from version 2.01 to 2.03. +.IP \(bu 4 +podlators has been upgraded from version 4.14 to 5.01. +.IP \(bu 4 +POSIX has been upgraded from version 2.03 to 2.13. +.IP \(bu 4 +re has been upgraded from version 0.43 to 0.44. +.IP \(bu 4 +Safe has been upgraded from version 2.43 to 2.44. +.IP \(bu 4 +Scalar::Util has been upgraded from version 1.62 to 1.63. +.IP \(bu 4 +SDBM_File has been upgraded from version 1.15 to 1.17. +.IP \(bu 4 +Socket has been upgraded from version 2.033 to 2.036. +.IP \(bu 4 +Storable has been upgraded from version 3.26 to 3.32. +.IP \(bu 4 +Sys::Hostname has been upgraded from version 1.24 to 1.25. +.IP \(bu 4 +Term::Cap has been upgraded from version 1.17 to 1.18. +.IP \(bu 4 +Test::Simple has been upgraded from version 1.302190 to 1.302194. +.IP \(bu 4 +Text::Balanced has been upgraded from version 2.04 to 2.06. +.IP \(bu 4 +threads has been upgraded from version 2.27 to 2.36. +.IP \(bu 4 +threads::shared has been upgraded from version 1.64 to 1.68. +.IP \(bu 4 +Tie::File has been upgraded from version 1.06 to 1.07. +.IP \(bu 4 +Time::HiRes has been upgraded from version 1.9770 to 1.9775. +.IP \(bu 4 +Time::Piece has been upgraded from version 1.3401 to 1.3401_01. +.IP \(bu 4 +Unicode::Normalize has been upgraded from version 1.31 to 1.32. +.IP \(bu 4 +UNIVERSAL has been upgraded from version 1.14 to 1.15. +.IP \(bu 4 +User::grent has been upgraded from version 1.03 to 1.04. +.IP \(bu 4 +User::pwent has been upgraded from version 1.01 to 1.02. +.IP \(bu 4 +utf8 has been upgraded from version 1.24 to 1.25. +.IP \(bu 4 +warnings has been upgraded from version 1.58 to 1.65. +.IP \(bu 4 +XS::APItest has been upgraded from version 1.22 to 1.32. +.IP \(bu 4 +XSLoader has been upgraded from version 0.31 to 0.32. +.SH Documentation +.IX Header "Documentation" +.SS "New Documentation" +.IX Subsection "New Documentation" +\fIperlclass\fR +.IX Subsection "perlclass" +.PP +Describes the new \f(CW\*(C`class\*(C'\fR feature. +.PP +\fIperlclassguts\fR +.IX Subsection "perlclassguts" +.PP +Describes the internals of the new \f(CW\*(C`class\*(C'\fR feature. +.SS "Changes to Existing Documentation" +.IX Subsection "Changes to Existing Documentation" +We have attempted to update the documentation to reflect the changes +listed in this document. If you find any we have missed, open an issue +at <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues>. +.PP +Additionally, the following selected changes have been made: +.PP +\fIperlapi\fR +.IX Subsection "perlapi" +.IP \(bu 4 +Documented \f(CW\*(C`hv_ksplit\*(C'\fR +.IP \(bu 4 +Documented \f(CW\*(C`hv_name_set\*(C'\fR +.IP \(bu 4 +\&\f(CW\*(C`hv_store\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`hv_stores\*(C'\fR +documentation have been greatly improved. +.IP \(bu 4 +Documented \f(CW\*(C`gv_autoload_pv\*(C'\fR +.IP \(bu 4 +Documented \f(CW\*(C`gv_autoload_pvn\*(C'\fR +.IP \(bu 4 +Documented \f(CW\*(C`gv_autoload_sv\*(C'\fR +.IP \(bu 4 +Documented \f(CW\*(C`gv_name_set\*(C'\fR +.IP \(bu 4 +Documented \f(CW\*(C`start_subparse\*(C'\fR +.IP \(bu 4 +Documented \f(CW\*(C`SV_CHECK_THINKFIRST_COW_DROP\*(C'\fR +.IP \(bu 4 +Documented \f(CW\*(C`SV_CHECK_THINKFIRST\*(C'\fR +.IP \(bu 4 +Documented \f(CW\*(C`SvPV_shrink_to_cur\*(C'\fR +.IP \(bu 4 +Documented \f(CW\*(C`save_aelem\*(C'\fR +.IP \(bu 4 +Documented \f(CW\*(C`save_aelem_flags\*(C'\fR +.IP \(bu 4 +Documented \f(CW\*(C`save_helem\*(C'\fR +.IP \(bu 4 +Documented \f(CW\*(C`save_helem_flags\*(C'\fR +.PP +\fIperldeprecation\fR +.IX Subsection "perldeprecation" +.IP \(bu 4 +Added information about unscheduled deprecations and their categories. +.IP \(bu 4 +Added category information for existing scheduled deprecations. +.IP \(bu 4 +Added smartmatch and apostrophe as a package separator deprecation data. +.PP +\fIperlintern\fR +.IX Subsection "perlintern" +.IP \(bu 4 +Documented \f(CW\*(C`save_pushptr\*(C'\fR +.IP \(bu 4 +Documented \f(CW\*(C`save_scalar_at\*(C'\fR +.IP \(bu 4 +Entries have been added to perlguts for the new \f(CW\*(C`newAV_alloc_x\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`newAV_alloc_xz\*(C'\fR and +\&\f(CW*_simple\fR functions. +.IP \(bu 4 +References to the now-defunct PrePAN service have been removed from +perlcommunity and perlmodstyle. +.IP \(bu 4 +A section on symbol naming has been added to perlhacktips. +.IP \(bu 4 +perlexperiment has been edited to properly reference the warning categories +for the defer block modifier and extra paired delimiters for quote-like +operators. +.PP +\fIperlexperiment\fR +.IX Subsection "perlexperiment" +.IP \(bu 4 +Smartmatch has been moved from experimental status to deprecated status. +Unfortunately the experiment did not work out. +.PP +\fIperlfunc\fR +.IX Subsection "perlfunc" +.IP \(bu 4 +Some wording improvements have been made for the \f(CW\*(C`ucfirst\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`push\*(C'\fR, +\&\f(CW\*(C`unshift\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`bless\*(C'\fR functions, as well as additional examples added. +.PP +\fIperlhacktips\fR +.IX Subsection "perlhacktips" +.IP \(bu 4 +A new section, "Writing safer macros" in perlhacktips has been added to discuss +pitfalls and solutions to using C macros in C and XS code. +.IP \(bu 4 +A new section, "Choosing good symbol names" in perlhacktips, has been added to +discuss unexpected gotchas with names. +.PP +\fIperlop\fR +.IX Subsection "perlop" +.IP \(bu 4 +Document the behavior of matching the empty pattern better and specify +its relationship to the new \f(CW\*(C`${^LAST_SUCCESSFUL_PATTERN}\*(C'\fR properly. +.PP +\fIperlvar\fR +.IX Subsection "perlvar" +.IP \(bu 4 +Added a section on "Scoping Rules of Regex Variables", and other wording +improvements made throughout. +.IP \(bu 4 +Added information on the new \f(CW\*(C`%{^HOOK}\*(C'\fR interface, and the new +\&\f(CW\*(C`require_\|_before\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`require_\|_after\*(C'\fR hooks which it exposes. +.IP \(bu 4 +Correct information on the regex variables \f(CW\*(C`${^PREMATCH}\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`${^MATCH}\*(C'\fR +and \f(CW\*(C`${^POSTMATCH}\*(C'\fR, all of which were incorrectly documented due to an +oversight. Specifically they only work properly after a regex operation +that used the /p modifier to enable them. +.IP \(bu 4 +Added information on the new regex variable \f(CW\*(C`${^LAST_SUCCESSFUL_PATTERN}\*(C'\fR, +which represents the pattern of the last successful regex match in scope. +.SH Diagnostics +.IX Header "Diagnostics" +The following additions or changes have been made to diagnostic output, +including warnings and fatal error messages. For the complete list of +diagnostic messages, see perldiag. +.SS "New Diagnostics" +.IX Subsection "New Diagnostics" +\fINew Errors\fR +.IX Subsection "New Errors" +.IP \(bu 4 +A new syntax error has been added for the error that a \f(CW\*(C`catch\*(C'\fR block does +not have its required variable declaration. See +catch block requires a (VAR) +.IP \(bu 4 +Too many nested BEGIN blocks, maximum of \f(CW%d\fR allowed +.IP \(bu 4 +Execution of \f(CW%s\fR aborted due to compilation errors. +.IP \(bu 4 +Can't locate object method "INC", nor "INCDIR" nor string overload via +package "%s" \f(CW%s\fR in \f(CW@INC\fR +.IP \(bu 4 +Attempt to bless into a class +.Sp +(F) You are attempting to call \f(CW\*(C`bless\*(C'\fR with a package name that is a +new-style \f(CW\*(C`class\*(C'\fR. This is not necessary, as instances created by the +constructor are already in the correct class. Instances cannot be created +by other means, such as \f(CW\*(C`bless\*(C'\fR. +.IP \(bu 4 +Cannot assign :param(%s) to field \f(CW%s\fR because that name is already in use +.Sp +(F) An attempt was made to apply a parameter name to a field, when the name +is already being used by another field in the same class, or one of its +parent classes. This would cause a name clash so is not allowed. +.IP \(bu 4 +Cannot create class \f(CW%s\fR as it already has a non-empty \f(CW@ISA\fR +.Sp +(F) An attempt was made to create a class out of a package that already has +an \f(CW@ISA\fR array, and the array is not empty. This is not permitted, as it +would lead to a class with inconsistent inheritance. +.IP \(bu 4 +Cannot invoke a method of "%s" on an instance of "%s" +.Sp +(F) You tried to directly call a \f(CW\*(C`method\*(C'\fR subroutine of one class by passing +in a value that is an instance of a different class. This is not permitted, +as the method would not have access to the correct instance fields. +.IP \(bu 4 +Cannot invoke method on a non-instance +.Sp +(F) You tried to directly call a \f(CW\*(C`method\*(C'\fR subroutine of a class by passing +in a value that is not an instance of that class. This is not permitted, as +the method would not then have access to its instance fields. +.IP \(bu 4 +Cannot '%s' outside of a 'class' +.Sp +(F) You attempted to use one of the keywords that only makes sense inside +a \f(CW\*(C`class\*(C'\fR definition, at a location that is not inside such a class. +.IP \(bu 4 +Cannot reopen existing class "%s" +.Sp +(F) You tried to begin a \f(CW\*(C`class\*(C'\fR definition for a class that already exists. +A class may only have one definition block. +.IP \(bu 4 +Can't bless an object reference +.Sp +(F) You attempted to call \f(CW\*(C`bless\*(C'\fR on a value that already refers to a real +object instance. +.IP \(bu 4 +can't convert empty path +.Sp +(F) On Cygwin, you called a path conversion function with an empty path. +Only non-empty paths are legal. +.IP \(bu 4 +Class already has a superclass, cannot add another +.Sp +(F) You attempted to specify a second superclass for a \f(CW\*(C`class\*(C'\fR by using +the \f(CW\*(C`:isa\*(C'\fR attribute, when one is already specified. Unlike classes +whose instances are created with \f(CW\*(C`bless\*(C'\fR, classes created via the +\&\f(CW\*(C`class\*(C'\fR keyword cannot have more than one superclass. +.IP \(bu 4 +Class attribute \f(CW%s\fR requires a value +.Sp +(F) You specified an attribute for a class that would require a value to +be passed in parentheses, but did not provide one. Remember that +whitespace is \fBnot\fR permitted between the attribute name and its value; +you must write this as +.Sp +.Vb 1 +\& class Example::Class :attr(VALUE) ... +.Ve +.IP \(bu 4 +Class :isa attribute requires a class but "%s" is not one +.Sp +(F) When creating a subclass using the \f(CW\*(C`class\*(C'\fR \f(CW\*(C`:isa\*(C'\fR attribute, the +named superclass must also be a real class created using the \f(CW\*(C`class\*(C'\fR +keyword. +.IP \(bu 4 +Field already has a parameter name, cannot add another +.Sp +(F) A field may have at most one application of the \f(CW\*(C`:param\*(C'\fR attribute to +assign a parameter name to it; once applied a second one is not allowed. +.IP \(bu 4 +Field attribute \f(CW%s\fR requires a value +.Sp +(F) You specified an attribute for a field that would require a value to +be passed in parentheses, but did not provide one. Remember that +whitespace is \fBnot\fR permitted between the attribute name and its value; +you must write this as +.Sp +.Vb 1 +\& field $var :attr(VALUE) ... +.Ve +.IP \(bu 4 +Field \f(CW%s\fR is not accessible outside a method +.Sp +(F) An attempt was made to access a field variable of a class from code +that does not appear inside the body of a \f(CW\*(C`method\*(C'\fR subroutine. This is not +permitted, as only methods will have access to the fields of an instance. +.IP \(bu 4 +Field \f(CW%s\fR of "%s" is not accessible in a method of "%s" +.Sp +(F) An attempt was made to access a field variable of a class, from a +method of another class nested inside the one that actually defined it. +This is not permitted, as only methods defined by a given class are +permitted to access fields of that class. +.IP \(bu 4 +Only scalar fields can take a :param attribute +.Sp +(F) You tried to apply the \f(CW\*(C`:param\*(C'\fR attribute to an array or hash field. +Currently this is not permitted. +.IP \(bu 4 +Required parameter '%s' is missing for \f(CW%s\fR constructor +.Sp +(F) You called the constructor for a class that has a required named +parameter, but did not pass that parameter at all. +.IP \(bu 4 +Unexpected characters while parsing class :isa attribute: \f(CW%s\fR +.Sp +(F) You tried to specify something other than a single class name with an +optional trailing version number as the value for a \f(CW\*(C`class\*(C'\fR \f(CW\*(C`:isa\*(C'\fR +attribute. This confused the parser. +.IP \(bu 4 +Unrecognized class attribute \f(CW%s\fR +.Sp +(F) You attempted to add a named attribute to a \f(CW\*(C`class\*(C'\fR definition, but +perl does not recognise the name of the requested attribute. +.IP \(bu 4 +Unrecognized field attribute \f(CW%s\fR +.Sp +(F) You attempted to add a named attribute to a \f(CW\*(C`field\*(C'\fR definition, but +perl does not recognise the name of the requested attribute. +.IP \(bu 4 +${^HOOK}{%s} may only be a CODE reference or undef +.IP \(bu 4 +Attempt to set unknown hook '%s' in %{^HOOK} +.IP \(bu 4 +Missing or undefined argument to \f(CW%s\fR via %{^HOOK}{require_\|_before} +.IP \(bu 4 +Too many capture groups (limit is \f(CW%d\fR) in regex m/%s/ +.PP +\fINew Warnings\fR +.IX Subsection "New Warnings" +.IP \(bu 4 +Unknown locale category \f(CW%d\fR +.Sp +This is a shortened form of an already existing diagnostic, for use when +there is no new locale being switched to. The previous diagnostic was +misleading in such circumstances. +.IP \(bu 4 +Locale '%s' is unsupported, and may crash the interpreter. +.IP \(bu 4 +Treating \f(CW%s::INIT\fR block as BEGIN block as workaround +.IP \(bu 4 +Filehandle STD%s reopened as \f(CW%s\fR only for input +.IP \(bu 4 +\&\f(CW%s\fR on BEGIN block ignored +.IP \(bu 4 +ADJUST is experimental +.Sp +(S experimental::class) This warning is emitted if you use the \f(CW\*(C`ADJUST\*(C'\fR +keyword of \f(CW\*(C`use feature \*(Aqclass\*(Aq\*(C'\fR. This keyword is currently +experimental and its behaviour may change in future releases of Perl. +.IP \(bu 4 +class is experimental +.Sp +(S experimental::class) This warning is emitted if you use the \f(CW\*(C`class\*(C'\fR +keyword of \f(CW\*(C`use feature \*(Aqclass\*(Aq\*(C'\fR. This keyword is currently +experimental and its behaviour may change in future releases of Perl. +.IP \(bu 4 +Method \f(CW%s\fR redefined +.Sp +(W redefine) You redefined a method. To suppress this warning, say +.Sp +.Vb 4 +\& { +\& no warnings \*(Aqredefine\*(Aq; +\& *name = method { ... }; +\& } +.Ve +.IP \(bu 4 +Odd number of elements in hash field initialization +.Sp +(W misc) You specified an odd number of elements to initialise a hash +field of an object. Hashes are initialised from a list of key/value +pairs so there must be a corresponding value to every key. The final +missing value will be filled in with undef instead. +.IP \(bu 4 +Old package separator "'" deprecated +.Sp +(W deprecated, syntax) You used the old package separator "'" in a +variable, subroutine or package name. Support for the old package +separator will be removed in Perl 5.40. +.IP \(bu 4 +field is experimental +.Sp +(S experimental::class) This warning is emitted if you use the \f(CW\*(C`field\*(C'\fR +keyword of \f(CW\*(C`use feature \*(Aqclass\*(Aq\*(C'\fR. This keyword is currently +experimental and its behaviour may change in future releases of Perl. +.IP \(bu 4 +method is experimental +.Sp +(S experimental::class) This warning is emitted if you use the \f(CW\*(C`method\*(C'\fR +keyword of \f(CW\*(C`use feature \*(Aqclass\*(Aq\*(C'\fR. This keyword is currently +experimental and its behaviour may change in future releases of Perl. +.IP \(bu 4 +Can't call destructor for 0x%p in global destruction +.SS "Changes to Existing Diagnostics" +.IX Subsection "Changes to Existing Diagnostics" +.IP \(bu 4 +The compiler will now stop parsing on the first syntax error it +encounters. Historically the compiler would attempt to "skip past" the +error and continue parsing so that it could list multiple errors. For +things like undeclared variables under strict this makes sense. For +syntax errors however it has been found that continuing tends to result +in a storm of unrelated or bizarre errors that mostly just obscure the +true error. In extreme cases it can even lead to segfaults and other +incorrect behavior. +.Sp +Therefore we have reformed the continuation logic so that the parse will +stop after the first seen syntax error. Semantic errors like undeclared +variables will not stop the parse, so you may still see multiple errors +when compiling code. However if there is a syntax error it will be the +last error message reported by perl and all of the errors that you see +will be something that actually needs to be fixed. +.IP \(bu 4 +Error messages that output class or package names have been modified to +output double quoted strings with various characters escaped so as to +make the exact value clear to a reader. The exact rules on which +characters are escaped may change over time but currently are that +printable ASCII codepoints, with the exception of \f(CW\*(C`"\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`\e\*(C'\fR, and +unicode word characters whose codepoint is over 255 are output raw, and +any other symbols are escaped much as Data::Dumper might escape them, +using \f(CW\*(C`\en\*(C'\fR for newline and \f(CW\*(C`\e"\*(C'\fR for double quotes, etc. Codepoints in +the range 128\-255 are always escaped as they can cause trouble on +unicode terminals when output raw. +.Sp +In older versions of perl the one liner +.Sp +.Vb 1 +\& $ perl \-le\*(Aq"thing\en"\->foo()\*(Aq +.Ve +.Sp +would output the following error message exactly as shown here, with +text spread over multiple lines because the "\en" would be emitted as +a raw newline character: +.Sp +.Vb 3 +\& Can\*(Aqt locate object method "foo" via package "thing +\& " (perhaps you forgot to load "thing +\& "?) at \-e line 1. +.Ve +.Sp +As of this release we would output this instead (as one line): +.Sp +.Vb 2 +\& Can\*(Aqt locate object method "foo" via package "thing\en" +\& (perhaps you forgot to load "thing\en"?) at \-e line 1. +.Ve +.Sp +Notice the newline in the package name has been quoted and escaped, and +thus the error message is a single line. The text is shown here wrapped +to two lines only for readability. +.IP \(bu 4 +When package or class names in errors are very large the middle excess +portion will be elided from the message. As of this release error messages +will show only up to the first 128 characters and the last 128 characters +in a package or class name in error messages. For example +.Sp +.Vb 1 +\& $ perl \-le\*(Aq("Foo" x 1000)\->new()\*(Aq +.Ve +.Sp +will output the following as one line: +.Sp +.Vb 10 +\& Can\*(Aqt locate object method "new" via package "FooFooFooFooFooFooFoo +\& FooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFoo +\& FooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFo"..."oFooFooFooFooFooFooFoo +\& FooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFoo +\& FooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFoo" (perhaps you forgot to load +\& "FooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFoo +\& FooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFo"... +\& "oFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFoo +\& FooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFooFoo"?) +\& at \-e line 1. +.Ve +.Sp +Notice the \f(CW "prefix"..."suffix" \fR form of the package name in this case. +In previous versions of perl the complete string would have been shown +making the error message over 6k long and there was no upper limit on the +length of the error message at all. If you accidentally used a 1MB string +as a class name then the error message would be over 2MB long. In this perl +the upper limit should be around 2k when eliding and escaping are taken into +account. +.IP \(bu 4 +Removed \f(CW\*(C`Complex regular subexpression recursion limit (%d) exceeded\*(C'\fR +.Sp +The regular expresion engine has not used recursion in some time. This +warning no longer makes sense. +.Sp +See [GH #19636 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/pull/19636>]. +.IP \(bu 4 +Various warnings that used to produce parenthesized hints underneath the +main warning message and after its "location data" were chanaged to put +the hint inline with the main message. For instance: +.Sp +.Vb 2 +\& Bareword found where operator expected at \-e line 1, near "foo bar" +\& (Do you need to predeclare foo?) +.Ve +.Sp +will now look like this but as one line: +.Sp +.Vb 2 +\& Bareword found where operator expected (Do you need to predeclare +\& foo?) at \-e line 1, near "foo bar" +.Ve +.Sp +as a result such warnings will no longer trigger \f(CW$SIG{_\|_WARN_\|_}\fR +twice, and the hint will be visible when fatal warnings is in effect. +.IP \(bu 4 +The error message that is produced when a \f(CW\*(C`require\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`use\*(C'\fR statement +fails has been changed. It used to contain the words \f(CW\*(C`@INC contains:\*(C'\fR, +and it used to show the state of \f(CW@INC\fR *after* the require had +completed and failed. The error message has been changed to say \f(CW\*(C`@INC +entries checked:\*(C'\fR and to reflect the actual directories or hooks that +were executed during the require statement. For example: +.Sp +.Vb 4 +\& perl \-e\*(Aqpush @INC, sub {@INC=()}; eval "require Frobnitz" +\& or die $@\*(Aq +\& Can\*(Aqt locate Frobnitz.pm in @INC (you may need to install the +\& Frobnitz module) (@INC contains:) at (eval 1) line 1. +.Ve +.Sp +Will change to (with some output elided for clarity): +.Sp +.Vb 7 +\& perl \-e\*(Aqpush @INC, sub {@INC=()}; eval "require Frobnitz" +\& or die $@\*(Aq +\& Can\*(Aqt locate Frobnitz.pm in @INC (you may need to install the +\& Frobnitz module) (@INC entries checked: +\& .../site_perl/5.38.0/x86_64\-linux .../site_perl/5.38.0 +\& .../5.38.0/x86_64\-linux .../5.38.0 CODE(0x562745e684b8)) +\& at (eval 1) line 1. +.Ve +.Sp +thus showing the actual directories checked. Code that checks for +\&\f(CW\*(C`@INC contains:\*(C'\fR in error messages should be hardened against any future +wording changes between the \f(CW@INC\fR and \f(CW\*(C`:\*(C'\fR, for instance use +\&\f(CW\*(C`qr/\e@INC[ \ew]+:/\*(C'\fR instead of using \f(CW\*(C`qr/\e@INC contains:/\*(C'\fR or +\&\f(CW\*(C`qr/\e@INC entries checked:/\*(C'\fR in tests as this will ensure both forward +and backward compatibility. +.IP \(bu 4 +Old package separator used in string +.Sp +This diagnostic is now also part of the \f(CW\*(C`deprecated\*(C'\fR category. +.IP \(bu 4 +given is deprecated replaces \f(CW\*(C`given is experimental\*(C'\fR. +.IP \(bu 4 +when is deprecated replaces \f(CW\*(C`when is experimental\*(C'\fR. +.IP \(bu 4 +Smartmatch is deprecated replaces \f(CW\*(C`Smartmatch is experimental\*(C'\fR. +.SH "Configuration and Compilation" +.IX Header "Configuration and Compilation" +.IP \(bu 4 +\&\f(CW\*(C`make \-j6 minitest\*(C'\fR could fail due to a build conflict in building +\&\f(CW\*(C`$(MINIPERL_EXE)\*(C'\fR between the main make process and a child process. +[GH #19829 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/19829>] +.IP \(bu 4 +Properly populate osvers on Dragonfly BSD when the hostname isn't set. +.IP \(bu 4 +Fix typos for C99 macro name \f(CW\*(C`PRIX64\*(C'\fR. +.IP \(bu 4 +Remove ancient and broken GCC for VMS support +.IP \(bu 4 +Remove vestigial reference to \f(CW\*(C`/VAXC\*(C'\fR qualifier +.IP \(bu 4 +Remove sharedperl option on VMS +.IP \(bu 4 +VMS now has mkostemp +.IP \(bu 4 +\&\f(CW\*(C`Configure\*(C'\fR now properly handles quoted elements outputted by gcc. +[GH #20606 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/20606>] +.IP \(bu 4 +\&\f(CW\*(C`Configure\*(C'\fR probed for the return type of \fBmalloc()\fR and \fBfree()\fR by +testing whether declarations for those functions produced a function +type mismatch with the implementation. On Solaris, with a C++ +compiler, this check always failed, since Solaris instead imports +\&\fBmalloc()\fR and \fBfree()\fR from \f(CW\*(C`std::\*(C'\fR with \f(CW\*(C`using\*(C'\fR for C++ builds. Since +the return types of \fBmalloc()\fR and \fBfree()\fR are well defined by the C +standard, skip probing for them. \f(CW\*(C`Configure\*(C'\fR command-line arguments +and hints can still override these type in the unlikely case that is +needed. [GH #20806 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/20806>] +.SH Testing +.IX Header "Testing" +Tests were added and changed to reflect the other additions and +changes in this release. Furthermore, these significant changes were +made: +.IP \(bu 4 +Unicode normalization tests have been added. +.IP \(bu 4 +t/test.pl: Add ability to cancel an watchdog timer +.SH "Platform Support" +.IX Header "Platform Support" +.SS "Discontinued Platforms" +.IX Subsection "Discontinued Platforms" +.IP Ultrix 4 +.IX Item "Ultrix" +Support code for DEC Ultrix has been removed. Ultrix was the native +Unix-like operating system for various Digital Equipment Corporation +machines. Its final release was in 1995. +.SS "Platform-Specific Notes" +.IX Subsection "Platform-Specific Notes" +.IP DragonflyBSD 4 +.IX Item "DragonflyBSD" +Skip tests to workaround an apparent bug in \f(CWsetproctitle()\fR. +[GH #19894 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/19894>] +.IP FreeBSD 4 +.IX Item "FreeBSD" +FreeBSD no longer uses thread-safe locale operations, to avoid a bug in +FreeBSD <https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=265950> +.Sp +Replace the first part of archname with \f(CW\*(C`uname \-p\*(C'\fR +[GH #19791 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/19791>] +.IP Solaris 4 +.IX Item "Solaris" +Avoid some compiler and compilation issues on NetBSD/Solaris from regexec.c and regcomp.c. +.IP Synology 4 +.IX Item "Synology" +Update Synology Readme for DSM 7. +.IP Windows 4 +.IX Item "Windows" +Fix win32 memory alignment needed for gcc\-12 from vmem.h. +.Sp +\&\fButimes()\fR on Win32 would print a message to stderr if it failed to +convert a supplied \f(CW\*(C`time_t\*(C'\fR to to a \f(CW\*(C`FILETIME\*(C'\fR. +[GH #19668 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/19668>] +.Sp +In some cases, timestamps returned by \fBstat()\fR and +\&\fBlstat()\fR failed to take daylight saving time into account. +[GH #20018 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/20018>] +[GH #20061 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/20061>] +.Sp +\&\fBstat()\fR now works on \f(CW\*(C`AF_UNIX\*(C'\fR socket files. +[GH #20204 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/20204>] +.Sp +\&\fBreadlink()\fR now returns the \f(CW\*(C`PrintName\*(C'\fR from a symbolic link reparse +point instead of the \f(CW\*(C`SubstituteName\*(C'\fR, which should make it better +match the name the link was created with. +[GH #20271 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/pull/20271>] +.Sp +\&\fBlstat()\fR on Windows now returns the length of the link target as the +size of the file, as it does on POSIX systems. +[GH #20476 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/20476>] +.Sp +\&\fBsymlink()\fR on Windows now replaces any \f(CW\*(C`/\*(C'\fR in the target with \f(CW\*(C`\e\*(C'\fR, +since Windows does not recognise \f(CW\*(C`/\*(C'\fR in symbolic links. The reverse +translation is \fBnot\fR done by \fBreadlink()\fR. +[GH #20506 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/20506>] +.Sp +\&\fBsymlink()\fR where the target was an absolute path to a directory was +incorrectly created as a file symbolic link. +[GH #20533 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/20533>] +.Sp +\&\f(CW\*(C`POSIX::dup2\*(C'\fR no longer creates broken sockets. [GH +#20920 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/20920>] +.Sp +Closing a busy pipe could cause Perl to hang. [GH +#19963 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/19963>] +.SH "Internal Changes" +.IX Header "Internal Changes" +.IP \(bu 4 +Removed many deprecated C functions. +.Sp +These have been deprecated for a long time. See +<https://github.com/perl/perl5/commit/7008caa915ad99e650acf2aea40612b5e48b7ba2> +for a full list. +.IP \(bu 4 +\&\f(CW\*(C`get_op_descs\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`get_op_names\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`get_opargs\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`get_no_modify\*(C'\fR and +\&\f(CW\*(C`get_ppaddr\*(C'\fR have been marked deprecated. +.IP \(bu 4 +\&\f(CW\*(C`hv_free_ent\*(C'\fR has been marked as internal API. +.IP \(bu 4 +\&\f(CW\*(C`save_pushptr\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`save_pushptrptr\*(C'\fR, and \f(CW\*(C`save_pushi32ptr\*(C'\fR have been marked +as internal API. +.IP \(bu 4 +New bool related functions and macros have been added to complement the new +bool type introduced in 5.36: +.Sp +The functions are: +.RS 4 +.ie n .IP """newSVbool(const bool bool_val)""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWnewSVbool(const bool bool_val)\fR" 4 +.IX Item "newSVbool(const bool bool_val)" +.PD 0 +.ie n .IP newSV_true() 4 +.el .IP \f(CWnewSV_true()\fR 4 +.IX Item "newSV_true()" +.ie n .IP newSV_false() 4 +.el .IP \f(CWnewSV_false()\fR 4 +.IX Item "newSV_false()" +.ie n .IP """sv_set_true(SV *sv)""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWsv_set_true(SV *sv)\fR" 4 +.IX Item "sv_set_true(SV *sv)" +.ie n .IP """sv_set_false(SV *sv)""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWsv_set_false(SV *sv)\fR" 4 +.IX Item "sv_set_false(SV *sv)" +.ie n .IP """sv_set_bool(SV *sv, const bool bool_val)""" 4 +.el .IP "\f(CWsv_set_bool(SV *sv, const bool bool_val)\fR" 4 +.IX Item "sv_set_bool(SV *sv, const bool bool_val)" +.RE +.RS 4 +.PD +.Sp +The macros are: +.ie n .IP SvIandPOK(sv) 4 +.el .IP \f(CWSvIandPOK(sv)\fR 4 +.IX Item "SvIandPOK(sv)" +.PD 0 +.ie n .IP SvIandPOK_off(sv) 4 +.el .IP \f(CWSvIandPOK_off(sv)\fR 4 +.IX Item "SvIandPOK_off(sv)" +.ie n .IP """SvIandPOK_on""" 4 +.el .IP \f(CWSvIandPOK_on\fR 4 +.IX Item "SvIandPOK_on" +.RE +.RS 4 +.RE +.IP \(bu 4 +.PD +Perl is no longer manipulating the \f(CW\*(C`environ\*(C'\fR array directly. The variable +\&\f(CW\*(C`PL_use_safe_putenv\*(C'\fR has been removed and \f(CW\*(C`PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV\*(C'\fR is always +defined. This means XS modules can now call \f(CW\*(C`setenv\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`putenv\*(C'\fR without +causing segfaults. [perl #19399 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/19399>] +.IP \(bu 4 +Internal C API functions are now hidden with \f(CW\*(C`_\|_attribute_\|_((hidden))\*(C'\fR on the +platforms that support it. This means they are no longer callable from XS +modules on those platforms. +.Sp +It should be noted that those functions have always been hidden on Windows. This +change merely brings that to the other platforms. +[perl #19655 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/pull/19655>] +.IP \(bu 4 +New formatting symbols were added for printing values declared as \f(CW\*(C`U32\*(C'\fR or +\&\f(CW\*(C`I32\*(C'\fR: +.RS 4 +.ie n .IP "I32df \-\- Like %d" 4 +.el .IP "I32df \-\- Like \f(CW%d\fR" 4 +.IX Item "I32df -- Like %d" +.PD 0 +.ie n .IP "U32of \-\- Like %o" 4 +.el .IP "U32of \-\- Like \f(CW%o\fR" 4 +.IX Item "U32of -- Like %o" +.ie n .IP "U32uf \-\- Like %u" 4 +.el .IP "U32uf \-\- Like \f(CW%u\fR" 4 +.IX Item "U32uf -- Like %u" +.ie n .IP "U32xf \-\- Like %x" 4 +.el .IP "U32xf \-\- Like \f(CW%x\fR" 4 +.IX Item "U32xf -- Like %x" +.ie n .IP "U32Xf \-\- Like %X" 4 +.el .IP "U32Xf \-\- Like \f(CW%X\fR" 4 +.IX Item "U32Xf -- Like %X" +.RE +.RS 4 +.PD +.Sp +These are used in the same way already existing similar symbols, such as +\&\f(CW\*(C`IVdf\*(C'\fR, are used. See "I/O Formats" in perlapi. +.RE +.IP \(bu 4 +new 'HvHasAUX' macro +.IP \(bu 4 +regexec.c: Add some branch predictions reorder conds +.IP \(bu 4 +locale: Change macro name to be C conformant +.IP \(bu 4 +Rename the \f(CW\*(C`PADNAMEt_*\*(C'\fR constants to \f(CW\*(C`PADNAMEf_*\*(C'\fR +.IP \(bu 4 +Changes all the API macros that retrieve a PV into a call to an +inline function so as to evaluate the parameter just once. +.IP \(bu 4 +regexec.c: multiple code refactor to make the code more readable +.IP \(bu 4 +perl.h: Change macro name to be C conformant +(remove leading _ from NOT_IN_NUMERIC macros) +.IP \(bu 4 +regcomp.h: add new \f(CW\*(C`BITMAP_BIT\*(C'\fR macro in addition to the existing \f(CW\*(C`BITMAP_BYTE\*(C'\fR +and \f(CW\*(C`BITMAP_TEST\*(C'\fR ones. +.IP \(bu 4 +Create new regnode type ANYOFH. +populate_ANYOF_from_invlist was renamed to populate_bitmap_from_invlist +.IP \(bu 4 +regex: Refactor bitmap vs non-bitmap of qr/[]/ +.IP \(bu 4 +regcomp.c: add new functions to convert from an inversion list to a bitmap (and vice versa) +\&\f(CW\*(C`populate_bitmap_from_invlist\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`populate_invlist_from_bitmap\*(C'\fR. +.IP \(bu 4 +Add \f(CWnewAVav()\fR to create an AV from an existing AV. +Add \f(CWnewAVhv()\fR to create an AV using keys and values from an existing HV. +.IP \(bu 4 +Fix definition of \f(CW\*(C`Perl_atof\*(C'\fR. +.IP \(bu 4 +Fix undefined behavior with overflow related \f(CW\*(C`OPTIMIZE_INFTY\*(C'\fR and delta +in \fIregcomp.c\fR. +.IP \(bu 4 +Fix regnode pointer alignment issue in \fIregcomp.h\fR. +.IP \(bu 4 +The \f(CW\*(C`CVf_METHOD\*(C'\fR CV flag and associated \f(CW\*(C`CvMETHOD\*(C'\fR macro has been renamed to +\&\f(CW\*(C`CVf_NOWARN_AMBIGUOUS\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`CvNOWARN_AMBIGUOUS\*(C'\fR. This closer reflects its +actual behaviour (it suppresses a warning that would otherwise be generated +about ambiguous names), in order to be less confusing with \f(CW\*(C`CvIsMETHOD\*(C'\fR, +which indicates that a CV is a \f(CW\*(C`method\*(C'\fR subroutine relating to the \f(CW\*(C`class\*(C'\fR +feature. +.IP \(bu 4 +The \f(CW\*(C`OPf_SPECIAL\*(C'\fR flag is no longer set on the \f(CW\*(C`OP_ENTERSUB\*(C'\fR op +constructed to call the \f(CW\*(C`VERSION\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`import\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`unimport\*(C'\fR methods +as part of a \f(CW\*(C`use\*(C'\fR statement and attribute application, nor when +assigning to an \f(CW\*(C`:lvalue\*(C'\fR subroutine. +.IP \(bu 4 +A new CV flag \f(CW\*(C`CVf_REFCOUNTED_ANYSV\*(C'\fR has been added, which indicates that the +CV is an XSUB and stores an SV pointer in the \f(CW\*(C`CvXSUBANY.any_sv\*(C'\fR union field. +Perl core operations such as cloning or destroying the CV will maintain the +reference count of the pointed-to SV, destroying it when required. +.IP \(bu 4 +A new API function "\f(CW\*(C`Perl_localeconv\*(C'\fR" in perlapi is added. This is the +same as \f(CW\*(C`POSIX::localeconv\*(C'\fR (returning a hash of +the \f(CWlocaleconv()\fR fields), but directly callable from XS code. +.IP \(bu 4 +A new API function, "\f(CW\*(C`Perl_langinfo8\*(C'\fR" in perlapi is added. This is the +same as plain "\f(CW\*(C`Perl_langinfo\*(C'\fR" in perlapi, but with an extra parameter +that allows the caller to simply and reliably know if the returned +string is UTF\-8. +.IP \(bu 4 +We have introduced a limit on the number of nested \f(CW\*(C`eval EXPR\*(C'\fR/\f(CW\*(C`BEGIN\*(C'\fR +blocks and \f(CW\*(C`require\*(C'\fR/\f(CW\*(C`BEGIN\*(C'\fR (and thus \f(CW\*(C`use\*(C'\fR statements as well) to +prevent C stack overflows. This variable can also be used to forbid +\&\f(CW\*(C`BEGIN\*(C'\fR blocks from executing during \f(CW\*(C`eval EXPR\*(C'\fR compilation. The +limit defaults to \f(CW1000\fR but can be overridden by setting the +\&\f(CW\*(C`${^MAX_NESTED_EVAL_BEGIN_BLOCKS}\*(C'\fR variable. The default itself can be +changed at compile time with +.Sp +.Vb 1 +\& \-Accflags=\*(Aq\-DPERL_MAX_NESTED_EVAL_BEGIN_BLOCKS_DEFAULT=12345\*(Aq +.Ve +.Sp +Note that this value relates to the size of your C stack and if you +choose an inappropriately large value Perl may segfault, be conservative +about what you choose. +.IP \(bu 4 +A new magic type \f(CW\*(C`PERL_MAGIC_extvalue\*(C'\fR has been added. This is available for +use like \f(CW\*(C`PERL_MAGIC_ext\*(C'\fR, but is a value magic: upon localization the new +value will not be magical. +.IP \(bu 4 +The \f(CWSSNEW()\fR, \f(CWSSNEWt()\fR, \f(CWSSNEWa()\fR and \f(CWSSNEWat()\fR APIs now +return a \f(CW\*(C`SSize_t\*(C'\fR value. The \f(CWSSPTR()\fR and \f(CWSSPTRt()\fR macros now +expect a \f(CW\*(C`SSize_t\*(C'\fR parameter, and enforce that on debugging builds. +[GH #20411 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/20411>] +.IP \(bu 4 +Filenames in cops are now refcounted under threads. +Under threads we were copying the filenames into each opcode. This is because in +theory opcodes created in one thread can be destroyed in another. +The change adds a new struct/type \f(CW\*(C`RCPV\*(C'\fR, which is a refcounted +string using shared memory. This is implemented in such a way that code +that previously used a char * can continue to do so, as the refcounting +data is located a specific offset before the char * pointer itself. +.IP \(bu 4 +Added \f(CW\*(C`HvNAMEf\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`HvNAMEf_QUOTEDPREFIX\*(C'\fR special formats. They take an +\&\f(CW\*(C`HV *\*(C'\fR as an argument and use \f(CWHvNAME()\fR and related macros to determine the +string, its length, and whether it is utf8. +.IP \(bu 4 +The underlying \f(CW\*(C`Perl_dowantarray\*(C'\fR function implementing the +long-deprecated \f(CW\*(C`GIMME\*(C'\fR macro has been marked as +deprecated, so that use of the macro emits a compile-time warning. +\&\f(CW\*(C`GIMME\*(C'\fR has been documented as deprecated in favour of +\&\f(CW\*(C`GIMME_V\*(C'\fR since Perl v5.6.0, but had not +previously issued a warning. +.IP \(bu 4 +The API function "utf8_length" in perlapi is now more efficient. +.IP \(bu 4 +Added \f(CWSAVERCPV()\fR and \f(CWSAVEFREERCPV()\fR for better support for working +with \f(CW\*(C`RCPV\*(C'\fR (reference counted string/pointer value) structures which +currently are used in opcodes to share filename and warning bit data in +a memory efficient manner. +.IP \(bu 4 +Added \f(CWMORTALSVFUNC_SV()\fR and \f(CWMORTALDESTRUCTOR_SV()\fR macros, which +make it possible to create a destructor which is fired at the end of +the current statement. This uses the \f(CW\*(C`PERL_MAGIC_destruct\*(C'\fR magic to +use "free" magic to trigger an action when a variable is freed. The +action can be specified as a C function or as a Perl code reference. +.IP \(bu 4 +Added the \f(CW\*(C`%{^HOOK}\*(C'\fR api and related \f(CW\*(C`PERL_MAGIC_hook\*(C'\fR and +\&\f(CW\*(C`PERL_MAGIC_hookelem\*(C'\fR for providing ways to hook selected perl functions +which for one reason or another are problematic to wrap with a customized +subroutine. +.IP \(bu 4 +Added support for \f(CW\*(C`${^HOOK}{require_\|_before}\*(C'\fR which can be used to +rewrite the filename that \f(CW\*(C`require\*(C'\fR will try to load, and also to block +\&\f(CW\*(C`require\*(C'\fR from loading a specific module, even via fully qualified +filename. The hook can also be used to perform "pre-require" and +"post-require" actions. +.IP \(bu 4 +Added support for \f(CW\*(C`${^HOOK}{require_\|_after}\*(C'\fR which can be used to +track what modules have been required after the fact. +.IP \(bu 4 +Regular expression opcodes (regops) now use a standardized structure +layout that uses unions to expose data in different format. This means +it should be much easier to extend or modify regops to use more memory. +This has been used to make a number of regops track how many parens +they contain. +.SH "Selected Bug Fixes" +.IX Header "Selected Bug Fixes" +.IP \(bu 4 +Avoid recursion and stack overflow parsing 'pack' template +.Sp +[GH #16319 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/16319>] +.IP \(bu 4 +An \fBeval()\fR as the last statement in a regex code block could trigger an +interpreter panic; e.g. +.Sp +.Vb 1 +\& /(?{ ...; eval {....}; })/ +.Ve +.Sp +[GH #19680 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/19680>] +.IP \(bu 4 +Disabling the \f(CW\*(C`bareword_filehandles\*(C'\fR feature no longer treats \f(CW\*(C`print +Class\->method\*(C'\fR as an error. [GH #19704 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/19704>] +.IP \(bu 4 +When a Perl subroutine tail-calls an XS subroutine using \f(CW\*(C`goto &xs_sub\*(C'\fR, +the XS subroutine can now correctly determine its calling context. +Previously it was always reported as scalar. +.Sp +In addition, where the Perl subroutine is freed at the same time: +.Sp +.Vb 1 +\& sub foo { *foo = sub {}; goto &xs_sub } +.Ve +.Sp +this formerly could lead to crashes if the XS subroutine tried to use the +value of \f(CW\*(C`PL_op\*(C'\fR, since this was being set to NULL. This is now fixed. +.Sp +[GH #19936 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/19936>] +.IP \(bu 4 +\&\fBsetsockopt()\fR now uses the mechanism added in 5.36 to better +distinguish between numeric and string values supplied as the +\&\f(CW\*(C`OPTVAL\*(C'\fR parameter. [GH #18761 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/18761>] +.IP \(bu 4 +4\-argument \f(CWselect()\fR now rejects strings with code points above +255. Additionally, for code points 128\-255, this operator will now always +give the corresponding octet to the OS, regardless of how Perl stores +such code points in memory. (Previously Perl leaked its internal string +storage to the OS.) [GH #19882 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/19882>] +.IP \(bu 4 +Fix panic issue from \f(CW\*(C`val {} inside /(?{...})/\*(C'\fR [GH #19390 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/19390>] +.IP \(bu 4 +Fix multiple compiler warnings from \fIregexp.c\fR, \fIlocale.c\fR +[GH #19915 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/19915>] +.IP \(bu 4 +Fix a bug with querying locales on platforms that don't have \f(CW\*(C`LC_NUMERIC\*(C'\fR +[GH #19890 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/19890>] +.IP \(bu 4 +Prevent undefined behaviour in \f(CWS_maybe_multideref()\fR. +.IP \(bu 4 +Avoid signed integer overflow in \f(CW\*(C`use integer\*(C'\fR ops. +.IP \(bu 4 +Avoid adding an offset to a NULL pointer in \f(CW\*(C`hv_delete_common\*(C'\fR. +.IP \(bu 4 +PerlIO::get_layers will now accept IO references too +.Sp +Previously it would only take glob references or names of globs. Now it will +also accept IO references. +.IP \(bu 4 +Fixes to memory handling for \f(CW\*(C`PL_splitstr\*(C'\fR: +.RS 4 +.IP \(bu 4 +If a thread was created the allocated string would be freed twice. +.IP \(bu 4 +If two \f(CW\*(C`\-F\*(C'\fR switches were supplied the memory allocated for the first +switch wouldn't be freed. +.RE +.RS 4 +.RE +.IP \(bu 4 +Correctly handle \f(CW\*(C`OP_ANONCODE\*(C'\fR ops generated by CPAN modules that +don't include the OPf_REF flag when propagating lvalue context. +[GH #20532 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/pull/20532>] +.IP \(bu 4 +POSIX::strxfrm now uses the \f(CW\*(C`LC_CTYPE\*(C'\fR locale category +to specify its collation, ignoring any differing \f(CW\*(C`LC_COLLATE\*(C'\fR. It +doesn't make sense for a string to be encoded in one locale (say, +ISO\-8859\-6, Arabic) and to collate it based on another (like ISO\-8859\-7, +Greek). Perl assumes that the current \f(CW\*(C`LC_CTYPE\*(C'\fR locale correctly +represents the encoding, and collates accordingly. +.Sp +Also, embedded \f(CW\*(C`NUL\*(C'\fR characters are now allowed in the input. +.Sp +If locale collation is not enabled on the platform (\f(CW\*(C`LC_COLLATE\*(C'\fR), the +input is returned unchanged. +.IP \(bu 4 +Double FETCH during stringification of tied scalars returning an +overloaded object have been fixed. The FETCH method should only be +called once, but prior to this release was actually called twice. +[GH #20574 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/pull/20574>] +.IP \(bu 4 +Writing to a magic variables associated with the selected output +handle, \f(CW$^\fR, \f(CW$~\fR, \f(CW$=\fR, \f(CW\*(C`$\-\*(C'\fR and \f(CW$%\fR, no longer crashes perl +if the IO object has been cleared from the selected output +handle. [GH #20733 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/20733>] +.IP \(bu 4 +Redefining a \f(CW\*(C`use constant\*(C'\fR list constant with \f(CW\*(C`use constant\*(C'\fR now +properly warns. This changes the behaviour of \f(CW\*(C`use constant\*(C'\fR but is +a core change, not a change to \fIconstant.pm\fR. [GH #20742 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/20742>] +.IP \(bu 4 +Redefining a \f(CW\*(C`use constant\*(C'\fR list constant with an empty prototype +constant sub would result in an assertion failure. [GH #20742 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/20742>] +.IP \(bu 4 +Fixed a regression where the \f(CW\*(C`INC\*(C'\fR method for objects in \f(CW@INC\fR +would not be resolved by \f(CW\*(C`AUTOLOAD\*(C'\fR, while it was in 5.36. The +\&\f(CW\*(C`INCDIR\*(C'\fR method for objects in \f(CW@INC\fR cannot be resolved by +\&\f(CW\*(C`AUTOLOAD\*(C'\fR as \f(CW\*(C`INC\*(C'\fR would have been resolved first. [GH #20665 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/20665>] +.IP \(bu 4 +\&\f(CW$SIG{_\|_DIE_\|_}\fR will now be called from eval when the code dies during +compilation regardless of how it dies. This means that code expecting to +be able to upgrade \f(CW$@\fR into an object will be called consistently. In +earlier versions of perl \f(CW$SIG{_\|_DIE_\|_}\fR would not be called for +certain compilation errors, for instance undeclared variables. For other +errors it might be called if there were more than a certain number of +errors, but not if there were less. Now you can expect that it will be +called in every case. +.IP \(bu 4 +Compilation of code with errors used to inconsistently stop depending on +the count and type of errors encountered. The intent was that after 10 +errors compilation would halt, but bugs in this logic meant that certain +types of error would be counted, but would not trigger the threshold +check to stop compilation. Other errors would. With this release after +at most 10 errors compilation will terminate, regardless of what type of +error they were. +.Sp +Note that you can change the maximum count by defining +\&\f(CW\*(C`PERL_STOP_PARSING_AFTER_N_ERRORS\*(C'\fR to be something else during the +configuration process. For instance +.Sp +.Vb 1 +\& ./Configure ... \-Accflags=\*(Aq\-DPERL_STOP_PARSING_AFTER_N_ERRORS=100\*(Aq +.Ve +.Sp +would allow up to 100 errors. +.IP \(bu 4 +The API function "my_snprintf" in perlapi now prints a non-dot decimal +point if the perl code it ultimately is called from is in the scope of +\&\f(CW\*(C`use locale\*(C'\fR and the locale in effect calls for that. +.IP \(bu 4 +A number of bugs related to capture groups in quantified groups in regular +expression have been fixed, especially in alternations. For example in +a pattern like: +.Sp +.Vb 1 +\& "foobazfoobar" =~ /((foo)baz|foo(bar))+/ +.Ve +.Sp +the regex variable \f(CW$2\fR will not be "foo" as it once was, it will be undef. +.IP \(bu 4 +Bugs with regex backreference operators that are inside of a capture +group have been fixed. For instance: +.Sp +.Vb 1 +\& "xa=xaaa" =~ /^(xa|=?\e1a){2}\ez/ +.Ve +.Sp +will now correctly not match. [GH #10073 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/10073>] +.IP \(bu 4 +\&\f(CWSSGROW()\fR and \f(CWSSCHECK()\fR have been reworked to ensure that the requested +space is actually allocated. \f(CWSSCHECK()\fR is now an alias for \f(CWSSGROW()\fR. +.SH Acknowledgements +.IX Header "Acknowledgements" +Perl 5.38.0 represents approximately 12 months of development since Perl +5.36.0 and contains approximately 290,000 lines of changes across 1,500 +files from 100 authors. +.PP +Excluding auto-generated files, documentation and release tools, there were +approximately 190,000 lines of changes to 970 .pm, .t, .c and .h files. +.PP +Perl continues to flourish into its fourth decade thanks to a vibrant +community of users and developers. The following people are known to have +contributed the improvements that became Perl 5.38.0: +.PP +Alex, Alexander Nikolov, Alex Davies, Andreas König, Andrew Fresh, Andrew +Ruthven, Andy Lester, Aristotle Pagaltzis, Arne Johannessen, A. Sinan Unur, +Bartosz Jarzyna, Bart Van Assche, Benjamin Smith, Bram, Branislav +Zahradník, Brian Greenfield, Bruce Gray, Chad Granum, Chris 'BinGOs' +Williams, chromatic, Clemens Wasser, Craig A. Berry, Dagfinn Ilmari +Mannsåker, Dan Book, danielnachun, Dan Jacobson, Dan Kogai, David Cantrell, +David Golden, David Mitchell, E. Choroba, Ed J, Ed Sabol, Elvin Aslanov, +Eric Herman, Felipe Gasper, Ferenc Erki, Firas Khalil Khana, Florian Weimer, +Graham Knop, Håkon Hægland, Harald Jörg, H.Merijn Brand, Hugo van der +Sanden, James E Keenan, James Raspass, jkahrman, Joe McMahon, Johan Vromans, +Jonathan Stowe, Jon Gentle, Karen Etheridge, Karl Williamson, Kenichi +Ishigaki, Kenneth Ölwing, Kurt Fitzner, Leon Timmermans, Li Linjie, Loren +Merritt, Lukas Mai, Marcel Telka, Mark Jason Dominus, Mark Shelor, Matthew +Horsfall, Matthew O. Persico, Mattia Barbon, Max Maischein, Mohammad S +Anwar, Nathan Mills, Neil Bowers, Nicholas Clark, Nicolas Mendoza, Nicolas +R, Paul Evans, Paul Marquess, Peter John Acklam, Peter Levine, Philippe +Bruhat (BooK), Reini Urban, Renee Baecker, Ricardo Signes, Richard Leach, +Russ Allbery, Scott Baker, Sevan Janiyan, Sidney Markowitz, Sisyphus, Steve +Hay, TAKAI Kousuke, Todd Rinaldo, Tomasz Konojacki, Tom Stellard, Tony Cook, +Tsuyoshi Watanabe, Unicode Consortium, vsfos, Yves Orton, Zakariyya Mughal, +Zefram, 小鸡. +.PP +The list above is almost certainly incomplete as it is automatically +generated from version control history. In particular, it does not include +the names of the (very much appreciated) contributors who reported issues to +the Perl bug tracker. +.PP +Many of the changes included in this version originated in the CPAN modules +included in Perl's core. We're grateful to the entire CPAN community for +helping Perl to flourish. +.PP +For a more complete list of all of Perl's historical contributors, please +see the \fIAUTHORS\fR file in the Perl source distribution. +.SH "Reporting Bugs" +.IX Header "Reporting Bugs" +If you find what you think is a bug, you might check the perl bug database +at <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues>. There may also be information at +<http://www.perl.org/>, the Perl Home Page. +.PP +If you believe you have an unreported bug, please open an issue at +<https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues>. Be sure to trim your bug down to a +tiny but sufficient test case. +.PP +If the bug you are reporting has security implications which make it +inappropriate to send to a public issue tracker, then see +"SECURITY VULNERABILITY CONTACT INFORMATION" in perlsec +for details of how to report the issue. +.SH "Give Thanks" +.IX Header "Give Thanks" +If you wish to thank the Perl 5 Porters for the work we had done in Perl 5, +you can do so by running the \f(CW\*(C`perlthanks\*(C'\fR program: +.PP +.Vb 1 +\& perlthanks +.Ve +.PP +This will send an email to the Perl 5 Porters list with your show of thanks. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.IX Header "SEE ALSO" +The \fIChanges\fR file for an explanation of how to view exhaustive details on +what changed. +.PP +The \fIINSTALL\fR file for how to build Perl. +.PP +The \fIREADME\fR file for general stuff. +.PP +The \fIArtistic\fR and \fICopying\fR files for copyright information. |