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+.TH fdrawcmd 1 "27Jan21" fdutils-5.6
+.SH Name
+fdrawcmd - send raw commands to the floppy disk controller
+'\" t
+.de TQ
+.br
+.ns
+.TP \\$1
+..
+
+.tr \(is'
+.tr \(if`
+.tr \(pd"
+
+.SH Note
+This manpage has been automatically generated from fdutils's texinfo
+documentation.  However, this process is only approximative, and some
+items, such as cross-references, footnotes and indices are lost in this
+translation process.  Indeed, these items have no appropriate
+representation in the manpage format.  Moreover, only the items specific
+to each command have been translated, and the general information about
+fdutils has been dropped in the manpage version.  Thus I strongly advise
+you to use the original texinfo doc.
+.TP
+* \ \ 
+To generate a printable copy from the texinfo doc, run the following
+commands:
+ 
+.nf
+.ft 3
+.in +0.3i
+    ./configure; make dvi; dvips fdutils.dvi
+.fi
+.in -0.3i
+.ft R
+ 
+\&\fR
+.TP
+* \ \ 
+To generate a HTML copy,  run:
+ 
+.nf
+.ft 3
+.in +0.3i
+    ./configure; make html
+.fi
+.in -0.3i
+.ft R
+ 
+\&\fRA pre-made HTML can be found at:
+\&\fR\&\f(CW\(ifhttp://www.tux.org/pub/knaff/fdutils\(is\fR
+.TP
+* \ \ 
+To generate an info copy (browsable using emacs' info mode), run:
+ 
+.nf
+.ft 3
+.in +0.3i
+    ./configure; make info
+.fi
+.in -0.3i
+.ft R
+ 
+\&\fR
+.PP
+The texinfo doc looks most pretty when printed or as HTML.  Indeed, in
+the info version certain examples are difficult to read due to the
+quoting conventions used in info.
+.SH Description
+.PP
+ 
+.nf
+.ft 3
+.in +0.3i
+\&\fR\&\f(CWfdrawcmd [\fR\&\f(CWdrive=\fIdrive\fR\&\f(CW] [\fR\&\f(CWrate=\fIrate\fR\&\f(CW]
+[\fR\&\f(CWlength=\fIlength\fR\&\f(CW] [\fR\&\f(CWrepeat=\fIrepeat\fR\&\f(CW]
+[\fR\&\f(CWcylinder=\fIphysical-cyl\fR\&\f(CW] \fIcommand\fR\&\f(CW [\fIparameters\fR\&\f(CW \&...] [\fImode\fR\&\f(CW]
+.fi
+.in -0.3i
+.ft R
+ 
+\&\fR
+.PP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWfdrawcmd\fR
+is used to send raw commands to the floppy disk controller, after
+having selected a given drive. You must have write permission to the
+selected drive.
+.PP
+When writing to a disk, data is read from stdin; when reading, data
+is printed to stdout.  Diagnostic messages, return values from the
+controller, and the value of the disk change line after the command are
+printed to stderr.
+.PP
+.SH Options
+.PP
+All numbers may be given in octal (0211), decimal (137), or hexadecimal
+(0x89).
+.IP
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWdrive=\fIdrive\fR\&\f(CW\fR\ 
+Selects the drive.  The default is drive 0 (\fR\&\f(CW\(if/dev/fd0\(is\fR).
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWrate=\fIrate\fR\&\f(CW\fR\ 
+Selects the data transfer rate. Use 0 for high density disks, 1 for
+double density 5 1/4 disks (or 2 Mbps tapes, if the appropriate rate
+table is selected), and 2 for double density 3 1/2 disks.
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWlength=\fIlength\fR\&\f(CW\fR\ 
+Describes the length of the transferred data for commands reading from
+and writing to the disk.  The default is to continue until end of file.
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWrepeat=\fIcount\fR\&\f(CW\fR\ 
+Repeat the command \fIcount\fR times.  This only works correctly for
+commands which don't do any data transfer.
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWcylinder=\fIcount\fR\&\f(CW\fR\ 
+Seek to the given cylinder before executing the command
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CW\fIcommand\fR\&\f(CW\fR\ 
+The name of the command to send.  \fIcommand\fR may be a spelled out
+name (like \fR\&\f(CWread\fR or \fR\&\f(CWwrite\fR), or a number representing the
+commands floppy disk controller opcode.  A named command has already a
+mode associated with it, whereas for a number the mode parameter should
+be described using the \fR\&\f(CWmode\fR option.
+.IP
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CW\fIparameters\fR\&\f(CW\fR\ 
+The parameters for the command (optional, not all commands need
+parameters).
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CW\fImode\fR\&\f(CW\fR\ 
+Various flags or'ed together describing the properties of the command.
+.PP
+.SH Commands
+.PP
+The description of the various floppy commands given in this manpage is
+very sketchy. For more details get the 82078 spec sheet which can be
+found at:
+ 
+.nf
+.ft 3
+.in +0.3i
+http://www-techdoc.intel.com/docs/periph/fd_contr/datasheets/
+.fi
+.in -0.3i
+.ft R
+ 
+\&\fR
+.PP
+Look for the chapter \fR\&\f(CWCOMMAND SET/DESCRIPTIONS\fR.  Older FDCs only
+support a subset of the commands described therein, but the syntax for
+the commands that do exist is the same.
+.PP
+.SS Commands\ available\ on\ all\ FDCs
+.IP
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWread\ \fIdrvsel\ cyl\ head\ sect\ szcod\ spt\ rw-gap\ szcod2\fR\&\f(CW\fR\ 
+Reads \fIlength\fR bytes of data from the disk.  \fIdrvsel\fR is the
+drive selector. Bit 0 and 1 describe the drive, and bit 2 describes the
+head.  The remaining parameters give the cylinder, head (yes, again),
+sector, size of the sector (128 * 2 ^ \fIszcod\fR), sectors per track
+(\fR\&\f(CWspt\fR, this is used to switch to the second head when the first
+side has been read), and size of the read-write gap. \fIszcod2\fR should
+be 0xff.  \fR\&\f(CWread\fR returns \fIST0 ST1 ST2\fR and \fIcyl head sect
+szcod\fR of the next sector to be read; see
+\&\fR\&\f(CW\(if/usr/include/linux/fdreg.h\(is\fR .
+.IP
+N.B. Certain newer floppy disk controllers are buggy, and do not
+correctly recognize the end of transfer when operating in virtual DMA
+mode.  For these, you need to set \fR\&\f(CWspt\fR to the id of the last
+sector to be read (for example, if you intend to read sectors 2, 3, 4,
+set \fR\&\f(CWspt\fR to 4, even if the disk has more sectors), and set the
+\&\fR\&\f(CWno-mt\fR flag.
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWwrite\ \fIdrvsel\ cyl\ head\ sect\ szcod\ spt\ rw-gap\ szcod2\fR\&\f(CW\fR\ 
+Analogous to
+\&\fR\&\f(CWread\fR.
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWsense\ \fIdrvsel\fR\&\f(CW\fR\ 
+Returns the third status byte (\fIST3\fR)
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWrecalibrate\ \fIdrvsel\fR\&\f(CW\fR\ 
+Recalibrates the drive and returns \fIST0 ST1\fR.
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWseek\ \fIdrvsel\ cyl\fR\&\f(CW\fR\ 
+Moves the head to \fIcyl\fR and returns \fIST0 ST1\fR.
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWspecify\ \fIdrvsel\ spec1\ spec2\fR\&\f(CW\fR\ 
+Specify various parameters to the drive.
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWformat\ \fIdrvsel\ szcod\ sect-per-track\ fmt-gap\ fmt-fill\fR\&\f(CW\fR\ 
+Formats the cylinder. The new sectors are filled with \fIfmt-fill\fR.
+The header information comes from the input, which is made up of
+\&\fIcyl head sect szcod\fR quadruples. The \fIszcod\fR parameter
+from the command line is used to describe the actual size of the
+sectors, and the \fIszcod\fR from the input is used to write into the
+header. However, the first write to these sectors will use the header
+information, and might overwrite the following sectors if the
+\&\fIszcod\fR parameter from the command line was too small.
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWreadid\ \fIdrvsel\fR\&\f(CW\fR\ 
+reads the first sector header that comes and returns 
+\&\fIST0 ST1 ST2 \fR
+and 
+\&\fIcyl head sect szcod \fR
+of the encountered header.
+.PP
+.SS Commands\ available\ on\ 82072\ and\ later
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWdumpregs\fR\ 
+Prints the contents of the FDCs registers, if supported.
+.PP
+.SS Commands\ available\ on\ 82072A\ and\ later
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWconfigure\ \fIconf1\ conf2\ conf3\fR\&\f(CW\fR\ 
+Configures FIFO operation.
+.PP
+.SS Commands\ available\ on\ 82077\ and\ later
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWversion\fR\ 
+Echoes 0x90 if the FDC is more recent than 82072A, and 0x80 otherwise
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWperpendicular\ \fIrate\fR\&\f(CW\fR\ 
+Sets the perpendicular mode.  Use 0 for normal, 2 for 500kb/s
+perpendicular, and 3 for 1 Mb/s perpendicular.
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWseek_out\ \fIdrvsel\ n\fR\&\f(CW\fR\ 
+does a relative seek of
+\&\fIn\fR
+cylinders towards cylinder 0.
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWseek_in\ \ \fIdrvsel\ n\fR\&\f(CW\fR\ 
+does a relative seek of \fIn\fR cylinders away from cylinder 0.
+.PP
+.SS Commands\ available\ on\ 82077AA\ and\ later
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWlock\fR\ 
+Locks the FIFO configuration, so that it survives a FDC software reset.
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWunlock\fR\ 
+Unlock the FIFO configuration
+.PP
+.SS Commands\ available\ on\ 82078
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWpartid\fR\ 
+echoes a byte describing the type of the FDC in the 3 high bits, and
+the stepping in the three low bits.
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWpowerdown\ \fIpowerconf\fR\&\f(CW\fR\ 
+configures automatic power down of the FDC. The old configuration is echoed
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWoption\ \fIiso\fR\&\f(CW\fR\ 
+enables/disables ISO formats. Odd values of
+\&\fIiso\fR
+enable these formats, whereas even values disable them. ISO formats
+don't have index headers, and thus allow one to fit slightly more data on
+a disk.
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWsave\fR\ 
+prints out 16 internal registers of the FDC.
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWrestore\ \fIr1\ r2\ r3\ ...\ r16\fR\&\f(CW\fR\ 
+restores the 16 internal registers of the FDC.
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWformat_n_write\ \fIdrvsel\ szcod\ sect-per-track\ fmt-gap\ fmt-fill\fR\&\f(CW\fR\ 
+formats the cylinder and writes initial data to it. The input data is
+made up of a sequence of headers (4 bytes) and data:
+\&\fIheader1 data1 header2 data2 ... headern datan\fR
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWdrivespec\ \fIdspec1\ dspec2\ ...\ specn\ terminator\fR\&\f(CW\fR\ 
+chooses rate tables for various drives. Each dspec byte describes one
+drive. Bits 0 and 1 say which drive is described. Bits 2 and 3 describe
+the rate table. Only tables 0 and 2 are interesting. Both tables only
+differ in the meaning of rate 1. For table 0 (the default) rate 0 is 300
+kb/s (used for 5 1/4 DD disks), whereas for table 1 it is 2 Mbps (used
+for fast floppy tape drives). Bit 4 is the precompensation table select
+bit. It should be set to 0. Bit 5-7 should be zero as well. The
+\&\fIterminator\fR byte ends the \fR\&\f(CWdrivespec\fR command. It is either
+0xc0 or 0x80. If it is 0xc0, no result phase follows; if it is 0x80, the
+current data rate table configuration for the four drives is echoed.
+.PP
+.SH Modes
+The mode option is only needed when you describe the command as a
+numerical value. Some mode names are also valid command names. They
+are considered as command name if the command name has not yet been
+given, and as mode name otherwise.
+.PP
+ If you give a command name followed by explicit modes, both the
+implicit flags of the command name, and the explicit modes are or'ed
+together.
+.PP
+ If on the other hand you give a command name preceded by explicit
+modes, only the explicit modes are or'ed together.
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWread\fR\ 
+Read data from disk using DMA.
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWwrite\fR\ 
+Write data to the disk.
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWintr\fR\ 
+Wait for an interrupt.
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWspin\fR\ 
+wait for the disk to spin up
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWdisk\fR\ 
+Aborts the operation if no disk is in the drive. This only works if you
+also chose a physical cylinder to seek to.
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWno-motor\fR\ 
+Don't switch on the drive motor while issuing the command
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWno-motor-after\fR\ 
+Switch off the motor immediately after the command returns.
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWfm\fR\ 
+Uses the FM version of the \fR\&\f(CWread\fR, \fR\&\f(CWreadid\fR, \fR\&\f(CWwrite\fR and
+\&\fR\&\f(CWformat\fR commands.
+.TP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWno-mt\fR\ 
+Do not use MT (multitrack) mode for the \fR\&\f(CWread\fR, \fR\&\f(CWreadid\fR and
+\&\fR\&\f(CWwrite\fR commands. This is needed on certain broken FDC's which
+don't recognize end of transfer when running in \fR\&\f(CWnodma\fR mode. In
+order to use these safely, set \fR\&\f(CWno-mt\fR, and chose the id of the
+last sector to be read as \fR\&\f(CWsect-per-track\fR.
+.PP
+\&\fR\&\f(CWfdrawcmd\fR opens the device node with the \fR\&\f(CWNDELAY\fR flag. This
+means that the driver should not try to autodetect the disk type (it
+might not be formatted), and that it should not reset the FDC. If a
+reset was needed, the command simply fails. If that happens, execute
+\&\fR\&\f(CWfloppycontrol \-\-resetnow 0\fR , and try again.
+.PP
+.SH See Also
+Fdutils' texinfo doc