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+.\" This manpage is Copyright (C) 1992 Drew Eckhardt;
+.\"             and Copyright (C) 1993 Michael Haardt
+.\"             and Copyright (C) 1993,1994 Ian Jackson
+.\"		and Copyright (C) 2006, 2014, Michael Kerrisk
+.\"
+.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-1.0-or-later
+.\"
+.\" Modified 1996-08-18 by urs
+.\" Modified 2003-04-23 by Michael Kerrisk
+.\" Modified 2004-06-23 by Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
+.\"
+.TH mknod 2 2023-10-31 "Linux man-pages 6.06"
+.SH NAME
+mknod, mknodat \- create a special or ordinary file
+.SH LIBRARY
+Standard C library
+.RI ( libc ", " \-lc )
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.nf
+.B #include <sys/stat.h>
+.P
+.BI "int mknod(const char *" pathname ", mode_t " mode ", dev_t " dev );
+.P
+.BR "#include <fcntl.h>           " "/* Definition of AT_* constants */"
+.B #include <sys/stat.h>
+.P
+.BI "int mknodat(int " dirfd ", const char *" pathname ", mode_t " mode \
+", dev_t " dev );
+.fi
+.P
+.RS -4
+Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see
+.BR feature_test_macros (7)):
+.RE
+.P
+.BR mknod ():
+.nf
+    _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 500
+.\"    || _XOPEN_SOURCE && _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
+        || /* Since glibc 2.19: */ _DEFAULT_SOURCE
+        || /* glibc <= 2.19: */ _BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE
+.fi
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+The system call
+.BR mknod ()
+creates a filesystem node (file, device special file, or
+named pipe) named
+.IR pathname ,
+with attributes specified by
+.I mode
+and
+.IR dev .
+.P
+The
+.I mode
+argument specifies both the file mode to use and the type of node
+to be created.
+It should be a combination (using bitwise OR) of one of the file types
+listed below and zero or more of the file mode bits listed in
+.BR inode (7).
+.P
+The file mode is modified by the process's
+.I umask
+in the usual way: in the absence of a default ACL, the permissions of the
+created node are
+.RI ( mode " & \[ti]" umask ).
+.P
+The file type must be one of
+.BR S_IFREG ,
+.BR S_IFCHR ,
+.BR S_IFBLK ,
+.BR S_IFIFO ,
+or
+.B S_IFSOCK
+.\" (S_IFSOCK since Linux 1.2.4)
+to specify a regular file (which will be created empty), character
+special file, block special file, FIFO (named pipe), or UNIX domain socket,
+respectively.
+(Zero file type is equivalent to type
+.BR S_IFREG .)
+.P
+If the file type is
+.B S_IFCHR
+or
+.BR S_IFBLK ,
+then
+.I dev
+specifies the major and minor numbers of the newly created device
+special file
+.RB ( makedev (3)
+may be useful to build the value for
+.IR dev );
+otherwise it is ignored.
+.P
+If
+.I pathname
+already exists, or is a symbolic link, this call fails with an
+.B EEXIST
+error.
+.P
+The newly created node will be owned by the effective user ID of the
+process.
+If the directory containing the node has the set-group-ID
+bit set, or if the filesystem is mounted with BSD group semantics, the
+new node will inherit the group ownership from its parent directory;
+otherwise it will be owned by the effective group ID of the process.
+.\"
+.\"
+.SS mknodat()
+The
+.BR mknodat ()
+system call operates in exactly the same way as
+.BR mknod (),
+except for the differences described here.
+.P
+If the pathname given in
+.I pathname
+is relative, then it is interpreted relative to the directory
+referred to by the file descriptor
+.I dirfd
+(rather than relative to the current working directory of
+the calling process, as is done by
+.BR mknod ()
+for a relative pathname).
+.P
+If
+.I pathname
+is relative and
+.I dirfd
+is the special value
+.BR AT_FDCWD ,
+then
+.I pathname
+is interpreted relative to the current working
+directory of the calling process (like
+.BR mknod ()).
+.P
+If
+.I pathname
+is absolute, then
+.I dirfd
+is ignored.
+.P
+See
+.BR openat (2)
+for an explanation of the need for
+.BR mknodat ().
+.SH RETURN VALUE
+.BR mknod ()
+and
+.BR mknodat ()
+return zero on success.
+On error, \-1 is returned and
+.I errno
+is set to indicate the error.
+.SH ERRORS
+.TP
+.B EACCES
+The parent directory does not allow write permission to the process,
+or one of the directories in the path prefix of
+.I pathname
+did not allow search permission.
+(See also
+.BR path_resolution (7).)
+.TP
+.B EBADF
+.RB ( mknodat ())
+.I pathname
+is relative but
+.I dirfd
+is neither
+.B AT_FDCWD
+nor a valid file descriptor.
+.TP
+.B EDQUOT
+The user's quota of disk blocks or inodes on the filesystem has been
+exhausted.
+.TP
+.B EEXIST
+.I pathname
+already exists.
+This includes the case where
+.I pathname
+is a symbolic link, dangling or not.
+.TP
+.B EFAULT
+.IR pathname " points outside your accessible address space."
+.TP
+.B EINVAL
+.I mode
+requested creation of something other than a regular file, device
+special file, FIFO or socket.
+.TP
+.B ELOOP
+Too many symbolic links were encountered in resolving
+.IR pathname .
+.TP
+.B ENAMETOOLONG
+.IR pathname " was too long."
+.TP
+.B ENOENT
+A directory component in
+.I pathname
+does not exist or is a dangling symbolic link.
+.TP
+.B ENOMEM
+Insufficient kernel memory was available.
+.TP
+.B ENOSPC
+The device containing
+.I pathname
+has no room for the new node.
+.TP
+.B ENOTDIR
+A component used as a directory in
+.I pathname
+is not, in fact, a directory.
+.TP
+.B ENOTDIR
+.RB ( mknodat ())
+.I pathname
+is relative and
+.I dirfd
+is a file descriptor referring to a file other than a directory.
+.TP
+.B EPERM
+.I mode
+requested creation of something other than a regular file,
+FIFO (named pipe), or UNIX domain socket, and the caller
+is not privileged (Linux: does not have the
+.B CAP_MKNOD
+capability);
+.\" For UNIX domain sockets and regular files, EPERM is returned only in
+.\" Linux 2.2 and earlier; in Linux 2.4 and later, unprivileged can
+.\" use mknod() to make these files.
+also returned if the filesystem containing
+.I pathname
+does not support the type of node requested.
+.TP
+.B EROFS
+.I pathname
+refers to a file on a read-only filesystem.
+.SH VERSIONS
+POSIX.1-2001 says: "The only portable use of
+.BR mknod ()
+is to create a FIFO-special file.
+If
+.I mode
+is not
+.B S_IFIFO
+or
+.I dev
+is not 0, the behavior of
+.BR mknod ()
+is unspecified."
+However, nowadays one should never use
+.BR mknod ()
+for this purpose; one should use
+.BR mkfifo (3),
+a function especially defined for this purpose.
+.P
+Under Linux,
+.BR mknod ()
+cannot be used to create directories.
+One should make directories with
+.BR mkdir (2).
+.\" and one should make UNIX domain sockets with socket(2) and bind(2).
+.SH STANDARDS
+POSIX.1-2008.
+.SH HISTORY
+.TP
+.BR mknod ()
+SVr4, 4.4BSD, POSIX.1-2001 (but see VERSIONS).
+.\" The Linux version differs from the SVr4 version in that it
+.\" does not require root permission to create pipes, also in that no
+.\" EMULTIHOP, ENOLINK, or EINTR error is documented.
+.TP
+.BR mknodat ()
+Linux 2.6.16,
+glibc 2.4.
+POSIX.1-2008.
+.SH NOTES
+There are many infelicities in the protocol underlying NFS.
+Some of these affect
+.BR mknod ()
+and
+.BR mknodat ().
+.SH SEE ALSO
+.BR mknod (1),
+.BR chmod (2),
+.BR chown (2),
+.BR fcntl (2),
+.BR mkdir (2),
+.BR mount (2),
+.BR socket (2),
+.BR stat (2),
+.BR umask (2),
+.BR unlink (2),
+.BR makedev (3),
+.BR mkfifo (3),
+.BR acl (5),
+.BR path_resolution (7)