diff options
Diffstat (limited to '')
| -rw-r--r-- | upstream/opensuse-leap-15-6/man2/keyctl.2 | 2297 |
1 files changed, 2297 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/upstream/opensuse-leap-15-6/man2/keyctl.2 b/upstream/opensuse-leap-15-6/man2/keyctl.2 new file mode 100644 index 00000000..6637d16f --- /dev/null +++ b/upstream/opensuse-leap-15-6/man2/keyctl.2 @@ -0,0 +1,2297 @@ +.\" Copyright (C) 2016 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com> +.\" and Copyright (C) 2016 Eugene Syromyatnikov <evgsyr@gmail.com> +.\" A very few fragments remain from an earlier version of this page +.\" written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com) +.\" +.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: Linux-man-pages-copyleft +.\" +.TH keyctl 2 2023-03-30 "Linux man-pages 6.04" +.SH NAME +keyctl \- manipulate the kernel's key management facility +.SH LIBRARY +Standard C library +.RI ( libc ", " \-lc ) +.PP +Alternatively, Linux Key Management Utilities +.RI ( libkeyutils ", " \-lkeyutils ); +see VERSIONS. +.SH SYNOPSIS +.nf +.BR "#include <linux/keyctl.h>" " /* Definition of " KEY* " constants */" +.BR "#include <sys/syscall.h>" " /* Definition of " SYS_* " constants */" +.B #include <unistd.h> +.PP +.BI "long syscall(SYS_keyctl, int " operation ", unsigned long " arg2 , +.BI " unsigned long " arg3 ", unsigned long " arg4 , +.BI " unsigned long " arg5 ); +.fi +.PP +.IR Note : +glibc provides no wrapper for +.BR keyctl (), +necessitating the use of +.BR syscall (2). +.SH DESCRIPTION +.BR keyctl () +allows user-space programs to perform key manipulation. +.PP +The operation performed by +.BR keyctl () +is determined by the value of the +.I operation +argument. +Each of these operations is wrapped by the +.I libkeyutils +library (provided by the +.I keyutils +package) into individual functions (noted below) +to permit the compiler to check types. +.PP +The permitted values for +.I operation +are: +.TP +.BR KEYCTL_GET_KEYRING_ID " (since Linux 2.6.10)" +Map a special key ID to a real key ID for this process. +.IP +This operation looks up the special key whose ID is provided in +.I arg2 +(cast to +.IR key_serial_t ). +If the special key is found, +the ID of the corresponding real key is returned as the function result. +The following values may be specified in +.IR arg2 : +.RS +.TP +.B KEY_SPEC_THREAD_KEYRING +This specifies the calling thread's thread-specific keyring. +See +.BR thread\-keyring (7). +.TP +.B KEY_SPEC_PROCESS_KEYRING +This specifies the caller's process-specific keyring. +See +.BR process\-keyring (7). +.TP +.B KEY_SPEC_SESSION_KEYRING +This specifies the caller's session-specific keyring. +See +.BR session\-keyring (7). +.TP +.B KEY_SPEC_USER_KEYRING +This specifies the caller's UID-specific keyring. +See +.BR user\-keyring (7). +.TP +.B KEY_SPEC_USER_SESSION_KEYRING +This specifies the caller's UID-session keyring. +See +.BR user\-session\-keyring (7). +.TP +.BR KEY_SPEC_REQKEY_AUTH_KEY " (since Linux 2.6.16)" +.\" commit b5f545c880a2a47947ba2118b2509644ab7a2969 +This specifies the authorization key created by +.BR request_key (2) +and passed to the process it spawns to generate a key. +This key is available only in a +.BR request\-key (8)-style +program that was passed an authorization key by the kernel and +ceases to be available once the requested key has been instantiated; see +.BR request_key (2). +.TP +.BR KEY_SPEC_REQUESTOR_KEYRING " (since Linux 2.6.29)" +.\" commit 8bbf4976b59fc9fc2861e79cab7beb3f6d647640 +This specifies the key ID for the +.BR request_key (2) +destination keyring. +This keyring is available only in a +.BR request\-key (8)-style +program that was passed an authorization key by the kernel and +ceases to be available once the requested key has been instantiated; see +.BR request_key (2). +.RE +.IP +The behavior if the key specified in +.I arg2 +does not exist depends on the value of +.I arg3 +(cast to +.IR int ). +If +.I arg3 +contains a nonzero value, then\[em]if it is appropriate to do so +(e.g., when looking up the user, user-session, or session key)\[em]a new key +is created and its real key ID returned as the function result. +.\" The keyctl_get_keyring_ID.3 page says that a new key +.\" "will be created *if it is appropriate to do so**. What is the +.\" determiner for appropriate? +.\" David Howells: Some special keys such as KEY_SPEC_REQKEY_AUTH_KEY +.\" wouldn't get created but user/user-session/session keyring would +.\" be created. +Otherwise, the operation fails with the error +.BR ENOKEY . +.IP +If a valid key ID is specified in +.IR arg2 , +and the key exists, then this operation simply returns the key ID. +If the key does not exist, the call fails with error +.BR ENOKEY . +.IP +The caller must have +.I search +permission on a keyring in order for it to be found. +.IP +The arguments +.I arg4 +and +.I arg5 +are ignored. +.IP +This operation is exposed by +.I libkeyutils +via the function +.BR keyctl_get_keyring_ID (3). +.TP +.BR KEYCTL_JOIN_SESSION_KEYRING " (since Linux 2.6.10)" +Replace the session keyring this process subscribes to with +a new session keyring. +.\" This may be useful in conjunction with some sort of +.\" session management framework that is employed by the application. +.IP +If +.I arg2 +is NULL, +an anonymous keyring with the description "_ses" is created +and the process is subscribed to that keyring as its session keyring, +displacing the previous session keyring. +.IP +Otherwise, +.I arg2 +(cast to +.IR "char\ *" ) +is treated as the description (name) of a keyring, +and the behavior is as follows: +.RS +.IP \[bu] 3 +If a keyring with a matching description exists, +the process will attempt to subscribe to that keyring +as its session keyring if possible; +if that is not possible, an error is returned. +In order to subscribe to the keyring, +the caller must have +.I search +permission on the keyring. +.IP \[bu] +If a keyring with a matching description does not exist, +then a new keyring with the specified description is created, +and the process is subscribed to that keyring as its session keyring. +.RE +.IP +The arguments +.IR arg3 , +.IR arg4 , +and +.I arg5 +are ignored. +.IP +This operation is exposed by +.I libkeyutils +via the function +.BR keyctl_join_session_keyring (3). +.TP +.BR KEYCTL_UPDATE " (since Linux 2.6.10)" +Update a key's data payload. +.IP +The +.I arg2 +argument (cast to +.IR key_serial_t ) +specifies the ID of the key to be updated. +The +.I arg3 +argument (cast to +.IR "void\ *" ) +points to the new payload and +.I arg4 +(cast to +.IR size_t ) +contains the new payload size in bytes. +.IP +The caller must have +.I write +permission on the key specified and the key type must support updating. +.IP +A negatively instantiated key (see the description of +.BR KEYCTL_REJECT ) +can be positively instantiated with this operation. +.IP +The +.I arg5 +argument is ignored. +.IP +This operation is exposed by +.I libkeyutils +via the function +.BR keyctl_update (3). +.TP +.BR KEYCTL_REVOKE " (since Linux 2.6.10)" +Revoke the key with the ID provided in +.I arg2 +(cast to +.IR key_serial_t ). +The key is scheduled for garbage collection; +it will no longer be findable, +and will be unavailable for further operations. +Further attempts to use the key will fail with the error +.BR EKEYREVOKED . +.IP +The caller must have +.I write +or +.I setattr +permission on the key. +.\" Keys with the KEY_FLAG_KEEP bit set cause an EPERM +.\" error for KEYCTL_REVOKE. Does this need to be documented? +.\" David Howells: No significance for user space. +.IP +The arguments +.IR arg3 , +.IR arg4 , +and +.I arg5 +are ignored. +.IP +This operation is exposed by +.I libkeyutils +via the function +.BR keyctl_revoke (3). +.TP +.BR KEYCTL_CHOWN " (since Linux 2.6.10)" +Change the ownership (user and group ID) of a key. +.IP +The +.I arg2 +argument (cast to +.IR key_serial_t ) +contains the key ID. +The +.I arg3 +argument (cast to +.IR uid_t ) +contains the new user ID (or \-1 in case the user ID shouldn't be changed). +The +.I arg4 +argument (cast to +.IR gid_t ) +contains the new group ID (or \-1 in case the group ID shouldn't be changed). +.IP +The key must grant the caller +.I setattr +permission. +.IP +For the UID to be changed, or for the GID to be changed to a group +the caller is not a member of, the caller must have the +.B CAP_SYS_ADMIN +capability (see +.BR capabilities (7)). +.IP +If the UID is to be changed, the new user must have sufficient +quota to accept the key. +The quota deduction will be removed from the old user +to the new user should the UID be changed. +.IP +The +.I arg5 +argument is ignored. +.IP +This operation is exposed by +.I libkeyutils +via the function +.BR keyctl_chown (3). +.TP +.BR KEYCTL_SETPERM " (since Linux 2.6.10)" +Change the permissions of the key with the ID provided in the +.I arg2 +argument (cast to +.IR key_serial_t ) +to the permissions provided in the +.I arg3 +argument (cast to +.IR key_perm_t ). +.IP +If the caller doesn't have the +.B CAP_SYS_ADMIN +capability, it can change permissions only for the keys it owns. +(More precisely: the caller's filesystem UID must match the UID of the key.) +.IP +The key must grant +.I setattr +permission to the caller +.I regardless +of the caller's capabilities. +.\" FIXME Above, is it really intended that a privileged process can't +.\" override the lack of the 'setattr' permission? +.IP +The permissions in +.I arg3 +specify masks of available operations +for each of the following user categories: +.RS +.TP +.IR possessor " (since Linux 2.6.14)" +.\" commit 664cceb0093b755739e56572b836a99104ee8a75 +This is the permission granted to a process that possesses the key +(has it attached searchably to one of the process's keyrings); +see +.BR keyrings (7). +.TP +.I user +This is the permission granted to a process +whose filesystem UID matches the UID of the key. +.TP +.I group +This is the permission granted to a process +whose filesystem GID or any of its supplementary GIDs +matches the GID of the key. +.TP +.I other +This is the permission granted to other processes +that do not match the +.I user +and +.I group +categories. +.RE +.IP +The +.IR user , +.IR group , +and +.I other +categories are exclusive: if a process matches the +.I user +category, it will not receive permissions granted in the +.I group +category; if a process matches the +.I user +or +.I group +category, then it will not receive permissions granted in the +.I other +category. +.IP +The +.I possessor +category grants permissions that are cumulative with the grants from the +.IR user , +.IR group , +or +.I other +category. +.IP +Each permission mask is eight bits in size, +with only six bits currently used. +The available permissions are: +.RS +.TP +.I view +This permission allows reading attributes of a key. +.IP +This permission is required for the +.B KEYCTL_DESCRIBE +operation. +.IP +The permission bits for each category are +.BR KEY_POS_VIEW , +.BR KEY_USR_VIEW , +.BR KEY_GRP_VIEW , +and +.BR KEY_OTH_VIEW . +.TP +.I read +This permission allows reading a key's payload. +.IP +This permission is required for the +.B KEYCTL_READ +operation. +.IP +The permission bits for each category are +.BR KEY_POS_READ , +.BR KEY_USR_READ , +.BR KEY_GRP_READ , +and +.BR KEY_OTH_READ . +.TP +.I write +This permission allows update or instantiation of a key's payload. +For a keyring, it allows keys to be linked and unlinked from the keyring, +.IP +This permission is required for the +.BR KEYCTL_UPDATE , +.BR KEYCTL_REVOKE , +.BR KEYCTL_CLEAR , +.BR KEYCTL_LINK , +and +.B KEYCTL_UNLINK +operations. +.IP +The permission bits for each category are +.BR KEY_POS_WRITE , +.BR KEY_USR_WRITE , +.BR KEY_GRP_WRITE , +and +.BR KEY_OTH_WRITE . +.TP +.I search +This permission allows keyrings to be searched and keys to be found. +Searches can recurse only into nested keyrings that have +.I search +permission set. +.IP +This permission is required for the +.BR KEYCTL_GET_KEYRING_ID , +.BR KEYCTL_JOIN_SESSION_KEYRING , +.BR KEYCTL_SEARCH , +and +.B KEYCTL_INVALIDATE +operations. +.IP +The permission bits for each category are +.BR KEY_POS_SEARCH , +.BR KEY_USR_SEARCH , +.BR KEY_GRP_SEARCH , +and +.BR KEY_OTH_SEARCH . +.TP +.I link +This permission allows a key or keyring to be linked to. +.IP +This permission is required for the +.B KEYCTL_LINK +and +.B KEYCTL_SESSION_TO_PARENT +operations. +.IP +The permission bits for each category are +.BR KEY_POS_LINK , +.BR KEY_USR_LINK , +.BR KEY_GRP_LINK , +and +.BR KEY_OTH_LINK . +.TP +.IR setattr " (since Linux 2.6.15)." +This permission allows a key's UID, GID, and permissions mask to be changed. +.IP +This permission is required for the +.BR KEYCTL_REVOKE , +.BR KEYCTL_CHOWN , +and +.B KEYCTL_SETPERM +operations. +.IP +The permission bits for each category are +.BR KEY_POS_SETATTR , +.BR KEY_USR_SETATTR , +.BR KEY_GRP_SETATTR , +and +.BR KEY_OTH_SETATTR . +.RE +.IP +As a convenience, the following macros are defined as masks for +all of the permission bits in each of the user categories: +.BR KEY_POS_ALL , +.BR KEY_USR_ALL , +.BR KEY_GRP_ALL , +and +.BR KEY_OTH_ALL . +.IP +The +.I arg4 +and +.I arg5 +arguments are ignored. +.IP +This operation is exposed by +.I libkeyutils +via the function +.BR keyctl_setperm (3). +.TP +.BR KEYCTL_DESCRIBE " (since Linux 2.6.10)" +Obtain a string describing the attributes of a specified key. +.IP +The ID of the key to be described is specified in +.I arg2 +(cast to +.IR key_serial_t ). +The descriptive string is returned in the buffer pointed to by +.I arg3 +(cast to +.IR char\~* ); +.I arg4 +(cast to +.IR size_t ) +specifies the size of that buffer in bytes. +.IP +The key must grant the caller +.I view +permission. +.IP +The returned string is null-terminated and +contains the following information about the key: +.IP +.in +4n +.IR type ; uid ; gid ; perm ; description +.in +.IP +In the above, +.I type +and +.I description +are strings, +.I uid +and +.I gid +are decimal strings, and +.I perm +is a hexadecimal permissions mask. +The descriptive string is written with the following format: +.IP +.in +4n +.EX +%s;%d;%d;%08x;%s +.EE +.in +.IP +.B Note: the intention is that the descriptive string should +.B be extensible in future kernel versions. +In particular, the +.I description +field will not contain semicolons; +.\" FIXME But, the kernel does not enforce the requirement +.\" that the key description contains no semicolons! +.\" So, user space has no guarantee here?? +.\" Either something more needs to be said here, +.\" or a kernel fix is required. +it should be parsed by working backwards from the end of the string +to find the last semicolon. +This allows future semicolon-delimited fields to be inserted +in the descriptive string in the future. +.IP +Writing to the buffer is attempted only when +.I arg3 +is non-NULL and the specified buffer size +is large enough to accept the descriptive string +(including the terminating null byte). +.\" Function commentary says it copies up to buflen bytes, but see the +.\" (buffer && buflen >= ret) condition in keyctl_describe_key() in +.\" security/keyctl.c +In order to determine whether the buffer size was too small, +check to see if the return value of the operation is greater than +.IR arg4 . +.IP +The +.I arg5 +argument is ignored. +.IP +This operation is exposed by +.I libkeyutils +via the function +.BR keyctl_describe (3). +.TP +.B KEYCTL_CLEAR +Clear the contents of (i.e., unlink all keys from) a keyring. +.IP +The ID of the key +(which must be of keyring type) +.\" or the error ENOTDIR results +is provided in +.I arg2 +(cast to +.IR key_serial_t ). +.\" According to Documentation/security/keys.txt: +.\" This function can also be used to clear special kernel keyrings if they +.\" are appropriately marked if the user has CAP_SYS_ADMIN capability. The +.\" DNS resolver cache keyring is an example of this. +.IP +The caller must have +.I write +permission on the keyring. +.IP +The arguments +.IR arg3 , +.IR arg4 , +and +.I arg5 +are ignored. +.IP +This operation is exposed by +.I libkeyutils +via the function +.BR keyctl_clear (3). +.TP +.BR KEYCTL_LINK " (since Linux 2.6.10)" +Create a link from a keyring to a key. +.IP +The key to be linked is specified in +.I arg2 +(cast to +.IR key_serial_t ); +the keyring is specified in +.I arg3 +(cast to +.IR key_serial_t ). +.IP +If a key with the same type and description is already linked in the keyring, +then that key is displaced from the keyring. +.IP +Before creating the link, +the kernel checks the nesting of the keyrings and returns appropriate errors +if the link would produce a cycle +or if the nesting of keyrings would be too deep +(The limit on the nesting of keyrings is determined by the kernel constant +.BR KEYRING_SEARCH_MAX_DEPTH , +defined with the value 6, and is necessary to prevent overflows +on the kernel stack when recursively searching keyrings). +.IP +The caller must have +.I link +permission on the key being added and +.I write +permission on the keyring. +.IP +The arguments +.I arg4 +and +.I arg5 +are ignored. +.IP +This operation is exposed by +.I libkeyutils +via the function +.BR keyctl_link (3). +.TP +.BR KEYCTL_UNLINK " (since Linux 2.6.10)" +Unlink a key from a keyring. +.IP +The ID of the key to be unlinked is specified in +.I arg2 +(cast to +.IR key_serial_t ); +the ID of the keyring from which it is to be unlinked is specified in +.I arg3 +(cast to +.IR key_serial_t ). +.IP +If the key is not currently linked into the keyring, an error results. +.IP +The caller must have +.I write +permission on the keyring from which the key is being removed. +.IP +If the last link to a key is removed, +then that key will be scheduled for destruction. +.IP +The arguments +.I arg4 +and +.I arg5 +are ignored. +.IP +This operation is exposed by +.I libkeyutils +via the function +.BR keyctl_unlink (3). +.TP +.BR KEYCTL_SEARCH " (since Linux 2.6.10)" +Search for a key in a keyring tree, +returning its ID and optionally linking it to a specified keyring. +.IP +The tree to be searched is specified by passing +the ID of the head keyring in +.I arg2 +(cast to +.IR key_serial_t ). +The search is performed breadth-first and recursively. +.IP +The +.I arg3 +and +.I arg4 +arguments specify the key to be searched for: +.I arg3 +(cast as +.IR char\~* ) +contains the key type +(a null-terminated character string up to 32 bytes in size, +including the terminating null byte), and +.I arg4 +(cast as +.IR char\~* ) +contains the description of the key +(a null-terminated character string up to 4096 bytes in size, +including the terminating null byte). +.IP +The source keyring must grant +.I search +permission to the caller. +When performing the recursive search, only keyrings that grant the caller +.I search +permission will be searched. +Only keys with for which the caller has +.I search +permission can be found. +.IP +If the key is found, its ID is returned as the function result. +.IP +If the key is found and +.I arg5 +(cast to +.IR key_serial_t ) +is nonzero, then, subject to the same constraints and rules as +.BR KEYCTL_LINK , +the key is linked into the keyring whose ID is specified in +.IR arg5 . +If the destination keyring specified in +.I arg5 +already contains a link to a key that has the same type and description, +then that link will be displaced by a link to +the key found by this operation. +.IP +Instead of valid existing keyring IDs, the source +.RI ( arg2 ) +and destination +.RI ( arg5 ) +keyrings can be one of the special keyring IDs listed under +.BR KEYCTL_GET_KEYRING_ID . +.IP +This operation is exposed by +.I libkeyutils +via the function +.BR keyctl_search (3). +.TP +.BR KEYCTL_READ " (since Linux 2.6.10)" +Read the payload data of a key. +.IP +The ID of the key whose payload is to be read is specified in +.I arg2 +(cast to +.IR key_serial_t ). +This can be the ID of an existing key, +or any of the special key IDs listed for +.BR KEYCTL_GET_KEYRING_ID . +.\" including KEY_SPEC_REQKEY_AUTH_KEY +.IP +The payload is placed in the buffer pointed by +.I arg3 +(cast to +.IR "char\ *" ); +the size of that buffer must be specified in +.I arg4 +(cast to +.IR size_t ). +.IP +The returned data will be processed for presentation +according to the key type. +For example, a keyring will return an array of +.I key_serial_t +entries representing the IDs of all the keys that are linked to it. +The +.I user +key type will return its data as is. +If a key type does not implement this function, +the operation fails with the error +.BR EOPNOTSUPP . +.IP +If +.I arg3 +is not NULL, +as much of the payload data as will fit is copied into the buffer. +On a successful return, +the return value is always the total size of the payload data. +To determine whether the buffer was of sufficient size, +check to see that the return value is less than or equal to +the value supplied in +.IR arg4 . +.IP +The key must either grant the caller +.I read +permission, or grant the caller +.I search +permission when searched for from the process keyrings +(i.e., the key is possessed). +.IP +The +.I arg5 +argument is ignored. +.IP +This operation is exposed by +.I libkeyutils +via the function +.BR keyctl_read (3). +.TP +.BR KEYCTL_INSTANTIATE " (since Linux 2.6.10)" +(Positively) instantiate an uninstantiated key with a specified payload. +.IP +The ID of the key to be instantiated is provided in +.I arg2 +(cast to +.IR key_serial_t ). +.IP +The key payload is specified in the buffer pointed to by +.I arg3 +(cast to +.IR "void\ *"); +the size of that buffer is specified in +.I arg4 +(cast to +.IR size_t ). +.IP +The payload may be a NULL pointer and the buffer size may be 0 +if this is supported by the key type (e.g., it is a keyring). +.IP +The operation may be fail if the payload data is in the wrong format +or is otherwise invalid. +.IP +If +.I arg5 +(cast to +.IR key_serial_t ) +is nonzero, then, subject to the same constraints and rules as +.BR KEYCTL_LINK , +the instantiated key is linked into the keyring whose ID specified in +.IR arg5 . +.IP +The caller must have the appropriate authorization key, +and once the uninstantiated key has been instantiated, +the authorization key is revoked. +In other words, this operation is available only from a +.BR request\-key (8)-style +program. +See +.BR request_key (2) +for an explanation of uninstantiated keys and key instantiation. +.IP +This operation is exposed by +.I libkeyutils +via the function +.BR keyctl_instantiate (3). +.TP +.BR KEYCTL_NEGATE " (since Linux 2.6.10)" +Negatively instantiate an uninstantiated key. +.IP +This operation is equivalent to the call: +.IP +.in +4n +.EX +keyctl(KEYCTL_REJECT, arg2, arg3, ENOKEY, arg4); +.EE +.in +.IP +The +.I arg5 +argument is ignored. +.IP +This operation is exposed by +.I libkeyutils +via the function +.BR keyctl_negate (3). +.TP +.BR KEYCTL_SET_REQKEY_KEYRING " (since Linux 2.6.13)" +Set the default keyring to which implicitly requested keys +will be linked for this thread, and return the previous setting. +Implicit key requests are those made by internal kernel components, +.\" I.e., calls to the kernel's internal request_key() interface, +.\" which is distinct from the request_key(2) system call (which +.\" ultimately employs the kernel-internal interface). +such as can occur when, for example, opening files +on an AFS or NFS filesystem. +Setting the default keyring also has an effect when requesting +a key from user space; see +.BR request_key (2) +for details. +.IP +The +.I arg2 +argument (cast to +.IR int ) +should contain one of the following values, +to specify the new default keyring: +.RS +.TP +.B KEY_REQKEY_DEFL_NO_CHANGE +Don't change the default keyring. +This can be used to discover the current default keyring +(without changing it). +.TP +.B KEY_REQKEY_DEFL_DEFAULT +This selects the default behaviour, +which is to use the thread-specific keyring if there is one, +otherwise the process-specific keyring if there is one, +otherwise the session keyring if there is one, +otherwise the UID-specific session keyring, +otherwise the user-specific keyring. +.TP +.B KEY_REQKEY_DEFL_THREAD_KEYRING +Use the thread-specific keyring +.RB ( thread\-keyring (7)) +as the new default keyring. +.TP +.B KEY_REQKEY_DEFL_PROCESS_KEYRING +Use the process-specific keyring +.RB ( process\-keyring (7)) +as the new default keyring. +.TP +.B KEY_REQKEY_DEFL_SESSION_KEYRING +Use the session-specific keyring +.RB ( session\-keyring (7)) +as the new default keyring. +.TP +.B KEY_REQKEY_DEFL_USER_KEYRING +Use the UID-specific keyring +.RB ( user\-keyring (7)) +as the new default keyring. +.TP +.B KEY_REQKEY_DEFL_USER_SESSION_KEYRING +Use the UID-specific session keyring +.RB ( user\-session\-keyring (7)) +as the new default keyring. +.TP +.BR KEY_REQKEY_DEFL_REQUESTOR_KEYRING " (since Linux 2.6.29)" +.\" 8bbf4976b59fc9fc2861e79cab7beb3f6d647640 +Use the requestor keyring. +.\" FIXME The preceding explanation needs to be expanded. +.\" Is the following correct: +.\" +.\" The requestor keyring is the dest_keyring that +.\" was supplied to a call to request_key(2)? +.\" +.\" David Howells said: to be checked +.RE +.IP +All other values are invalid. +.\" (including the still-unsupported KEY_REQKEY_DEFL_GROUP_KEYRING) +.IP +The arguments +.IR arg3 , +.IR arg4 , +and +.I arg5 +are ignored. +.IP +The setting controlled by this operation is inherited by the child of +.BR fork (2) +and preserved across +.BR execve (2). +.IP +This operation is exposed by +.I libkeyutils +via the function +.BR keyctl_set_reqkey_keyring (3). +.TP +.BR KEYCTL_SET_TIMEOUT " (since Linux 2.6.16)" +Set a timeout on a key. +.IP +The ID of the key is specified in +.I arg2 +(cast to +.IR key_serial_t ). +The timeout value, in seconds from the current time, +is specified in +.I arg3 +(cast to +.IR "unsigned int" ). +The timeout is measured against the realtime clock. +.IP +Specifying the timeout value as 0 clears any existing timeout on the key. +.IP +The +.I /proc/keys +file displays the remaining time until each key will expire. +(This is the only method of discovering the timeout on a key.) +.IP +The caller must either have the +.I setattr +permission on the key +or hold an instantiation authorization token for the key (see +.BR request_key (2)). +.IP +The key and any links to the key will be +automatically garbage collected after the timeout expires. +Subsequent attempts to access the key will then fail with the error +.BR EKEYEXPIRED . +.IP +This operation cannot be used to set timeouts on revoked, expired, +or negatively instantiated keys. +.IP +The arguments +.I arg4 +and +.I arg5 +are ignored. +.IP +This operation is exposed by +.I libkeyutils +via the function +.BR keyctl_set_timeout (3). +.TP +.BR KEYCTL_ASSUME_AUTHORITY " (since Linux 2.6.16)" +Assume (or divest) the authority for the calling thread +to instantiate a key. +.IP +The +.I arg2 +argument (cast to +.IR key_serial_t ) +specifies either a nonzero key ID to assume authority, +or the value 0 to divest authority. +.IP +If +.I arg2 +is nonzero, then it specifies the ID of an uninstantiated key for which +authority is to be assumed. +That key can then be instantiated using one of +.BR KEYCTL_INSTANTIATE , +.BR KEYCTL_INSTANTIATE_IOV , +.BR KEYCTL_REJECT , +or +.BR KEYCTL_NEGATE . +Once the key has been instantiated, +the thread is automatically divested of authority to instantiate the key. +.IP +Authority over a key can be assumed only if the calling thread has present +in its keyrings the authorization key that is +associated with the specified key. +(In other words, the +.B KEYCTL_ASSUME_AUTHORITY +operation is available only from a +.BR request\-key (8)-style +program; see +.BR request_key (2) +for an explanation of how this operation is used.) +The caller must have +.I search +permission on the authorization key. +.IP +If the specified key has a matching authorization key, +then the ID of that key is returned. +The authorization key can be read +.RB ( KEYCTL_READ ) +to obtain the callout information passed to +.BR request_key (2). +.IP +If the ID given in +.I arg2 +is 0, then the currently assumed authority is cleared (divested), +and the value 0 is returned. +.IP +The +.B KEYCTL_ASSUME_AUTHORITY +mechanism allows a program such as +.BR request\-key (8) +to assume the necessary authority to instantiate a new uninstantiated key +that was created as a consequence of a call to +.BR request_key (2). +For further information, see +.BR request_key (2) +and the kernel source file +.IR Documentation/security/keys\-request\-key.txt . +.IP +The arguments +.IR arg3 , +.IR arg4 , +and +.I arg5 +are ignored. +.IP +This operation is exposed by +.I libkeyutils +via the function +.BR keyctl_assume_authority (3). +.TP +.BR KEYCTL_GET_SECURITY " (since Linux 2.6.26)" +.\" commit 70a5bb72b55e82fbfbf1e22cae6975fac58a1e2d +Get the LSM (Linux Security Module) security label of the specified key. +.IP +The ID of the key whose security label is to be fetched is specified in +.I arg2 +(cast to +.IR key_serial_t ). +The security label (terminated by a null byte) +will be placed in the buffer pointed to by +.I arg3 +argument (cast to +.IR "char\ *" ); +the size of the buffer must be provided in +.I arg4 +(cast to +.IR size_t ). +.IP +If +.I arg3 +is specified as NULL or the buffer size specified in +.I arg4 +is too small, the full size of the security label string +(including the terminating null byte) +is returned as the function result, +and nothing is copied to the buffer. +.IP +The caller must have +.I view +permission on the specified key. +.IP +The returned security label string will be rendered in a form appropriate +to the LSM in force. +For example, with SELinux, it may look like: +.IP +.in +4n +.EX +unconfined_u:unconfined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023 +.EE +.in +.IP +If no LSM is currently in force, +then an empty string is placed in the buffer. +.IP +The +.I arg5 +argument is ignored. +.IP +This operation is exposed by +.I libkeyutils +via the functions +.BR keyctl_get_security (3) +and +.BR keyctl_get_security_alloc (3). +.TP +.BR KEYCTL_SESSION_TO_PARENT " (since Linux 2.6.32)" +.\" commit ee18d64c1f632043a02e6f5ba5e045bb26a5465f +Replace the session keyring to which the +.I parent +of the calling process +subscribes with the session keyring of the calling process. +.\" What is the use case for KEYCTL_SESSION_TO_PARENT? +.\" David Howells: the Process Authentication Groups people requested this, +.\" but then didn't use it; maybe there are no users. +.IP +The keyring will be replaced in the parent process at the point +where the parent next transitions from kernel space to user space. +.IP +The keyring must exist and must grant the caller +.I link +permission. +The parent process must be single-threaded and have +the same effective ownership as this process +and must not be set-user-ID or set-group-ID. +The UID of the parent process's existing session keyring (f it has one), +as well as the UID of the caller's session keyring +much match the caller's effective UID. +.IP +The fact that it is the parent process that is affected by this operation +allows a program such as the shell to start a child process that +uses this operation to change the shell's session keyring. +(This is what the +.BR keyctl (1) +.B new_session +command does.) +.IP +The arguments +.IR arg2 , +.IR arg3 , +.IR arg4 , +and +.I arg5 +are ignored. +.IP +This operation is exposed by +.I libkeyutils +via the function +.BR keyctl_session_to_parent (3). +.TP +.BR KEYCTL_REJECT " (since Linux 2.6.39)" +.\" commit fdd1b94581782a2ddf9124414e5b7a5f48ce2f9c +Mark a key as negatively instantiated and set an expiration timer +on the key. +This operation provides a superset of the functionality of the earlier +.B KEYCTL_NEGATE +operation. +.IP +The ID of the key that is to be negatively instantiated is specified in +.I arg2 +(cast to +.IR key_serial_t ). +The +.I arg3 +(cast to +.IR "unsigned int" ) +argument specifies the lifetime of the key, in seconds. +The +.I arg4 +argument (cast to +.IR "unsigned int" ) +specifies the error to be returned when a search hits this key; +typically, this is one of +.BR EKEYREJECTED , +.BR EKEYREVOKED , +or +.BR EKEYEXPIRED . +.IP +If +.I arg5 +(cast to +.IR key_serial_t ) +is nonzero, then, subject to the same constraints and rules as +.BR KEYCTL_LINK , +the negatively instantiated key is linked into the keyring +whose ID is specified in +.IR arg5 . +.IP +The caller must have the appropriate authorization key. +In other words, this operation is available only from a +.BR request\-key (8)-style +program. +See +.BR request_key (2). +.IP +The caller must have the appropriate authorization key, +and once the uninstantiated key has been instantiated, +the authorization key is revoked. +In other words, this operation is available only from a +.BR request\-key (8)-style +program. +See +.BR request_key (2) +for an explanation of uninstantiated keys and key instantiation. +.IP +This operation is exposed by +.I libkeyutils +via the function +.BR keyctl_reject (3). +.TP +.BR KEYCTL_INSTANTIATE_IOV " (since Linux 2.6.39)" +.\" commit ee009e4a0d4555ed522a631bae9896399674f063 +Instantiate an uninstantiated key with a payload specified +via a vector of buffers. +.IP +This operation is the same as +.BR KEYCTL_INSTANTIATE , +but the payload data is specified as an array of +.I iovec +structures (see +.BR iovec (3type)). +.IP +The pointer to the payload vector is specified in +.I arg3 +(cast as +.IR "const struct iovec\~*" ). +The number of items in the vector is specified in +.I arg4 +(cast as +.IR "unsigned int" ). +.IP +The +.I arg2 +(key ID) +and +.I arg5 +(keyring ID) +are interpreted as for +.BR KEYCTL_INSTANTIATE . +.IP +This operation is exposed by +.I libkeyutils +via the function +.BR keyctl_instantiate_iov (3). +.TP +.BR KEYCTL_INVALIDATE " (since Linux 3.5)" +.\" commit fd75815f727f157a05f4c96b5294a4617c0557da +Mark a key as invalid. +.IP +The ID of the key to be invalidated is specified in +.I arg2 +(cast to +.IR key_serial_t ). +.IP +To invalidate a key, +the caller must have +.I search +permission on the key. +.\" CAP_SYS_ADMIN is permitted to invalidate certain special keys +.IP +This operation marks the key as invalid +and schedules immediate garbage collection. +The garbage collector removes the invalidated key from all keyrings and +deletes the key when its reference count reaches zero. +After this operation, +the key will be ignored by all searches, +even if it is not yet deleted. +.IP +Keys that are marked invalid become invisible to normal key operations +immediately, though they are still visible in +.I /proc/keys +(marked with an 'i' flag) +until they are actually removed. +.IP +The arguments +.IR arg3 , +.IR arg4 , +and +.I arg5 +are ignored. +.IP +This operation is exposed by +.I libkeyutils +via the function +.BR keyctl_invalidate (3). +.TP +.BR KEYCTL_GET_PERSISTENT " (since Linux 3.13)" +.\" commit f36f8c75ae2e7d4da34f4c908cebdb4aa42c977e +Get the persistent keyring +.RB ( persistent\-keyring (7)) +for a specified user and link it to a specified keyring. +.IP +The user ID is specified in +.I arg2 +(cast to +.IR uid_t ). +If the value \-1 is specified, the caller's real user ID is used. +The ID of the destination keyring is specified in +.I arg3 +(cast to +.IR key_serial_t ). +.IP +The caller must have the +.B CAP_SETUID +capability in its user namespace in order to fetch the persistent keyring +for a user ID that does not match either the real or effective user ID +of the caller. +.IP +If the call is successful, +a link to the persistent keyring is added to the keyring +whose ID was specified in +.IR arg3 . +.IP +The caller must have +.I write +permission on the keyring. +.IP +The persistent keyring will be created by the kernel +if it does not yet exist. +.IP +Each time the +.B KEYCTL_GET_PERSISTENT +operation is performed, the persistent keyring will +have its expiration timeout reset to the value in: +.IP +.in +4n +.EX +/proc/sys/kernel/keys/persistent_keyring_expiry +.EE +.in +.IP +Should the timeout be reached, +the persistent keyring will be removed and +everything it pins can then be garbage collected. +.IP +Persistent keyrings were added in Linux 3.13. +.IP +The arguments +.I arg4 +and +.I arg5 +are ignored. +.IP +This operation is exposed by +.I libkeyutils +via the function +.BR keyctl_get_persistent (3). +.TP +.BR KEYCTL_DH_COMPUTE " (since Linux 4.7)" +.\" commit ddbb41148724367394d0880c516bfaeed127b52e +Compute a Diffie-Hellman shared secret or public key, +optionally applying key derivation function (KDF) to the result. +.IP +The +.I arg2 +argument is a pointer to a set of parameters containing +serial numbers for three +.I """user""" +keys used in the Diffie-Hellman calculation, +packaged in a structure of the following form: +.IP +.in +4n +.EX +struct keyctl_dh_params { + int32_t private; /* The local private key */ + int32_t prime; /* The prime, known to both parties */ + int32_t base; /* The base integer: either a shared + generator or the remote public key */ +}; +.EE +.in +.IP +Each of the three keys specified in this structure must grant the caller +.I read +permission. +The payloads of these keys are used to calculate the Diffie-Hellman +result as: +.IP +.in +4n +.EX +base \[ha] private mod prime +.EE +.in +.IP +If the base is the shared generator, the result is the local public key. +If the base is the remote public key, the result is the shared secret. +.IP +The +.I arg3 +argument (cast to +.IR char\~* ) +points to a buffer where the result of the calculation is placed. +The size of that buffer is specified in +.I arg4 +(cast to +.IR size_t ). +.IP +The buffer must be large enough to accommodate the output data, +otherwise an error is returned. +If +.I arg4 +is specified zero, +in which case the buffer is not used and +the operation returns the minimum required buffer size +(i.e., the length of the prime). +.IP +Diffie-Hellman computations can be performed in user space, +but require a multiple-precision integer (MPI) library. +Moving the implementation into the kernel gives access to +the kernel MPI implementation, +and allows access to secure or acceleration hardware. +.IP +Adding support for DH computation to the +.BR keyctl () +system call was considered a good fit due to the DH algorithm's use +for deriving shared keys; +it also allows the type of the key to determine +which DH implementation (software or hardware) is appropriate. +.\" commit f1c316a3ab9d24df6022682422fe897492f2c0c8 +.IP +If the +.I arg5 +argument is +.BR NULL , +then the DH result itself is returned. +Otherwise (since Linux 4.12), it is a pointer to a structure which specifies +parameters of the KDF operation to be applied: +.IP +.in +4n +.EX +struct keyctl_kdf_params { + char *hashname; /* Hash algorithm name */ + char *otherinfo; /* SP800\-56A OtherInfo */ + __u32 otherinfolen; /* Length of otherinfo data */ + __u32 __spare[8]; /* Reserved */ +}; +.EE +.in +.IP +The +.I hashname +field is a null-terminated string which specifies a hash name +(available in the kernel's crypto API; the list of the hashes available +is rather tricky to observe; please refer to the +.UR https://www.kernel.org\:/doc\:/html\:/latest\:/crypto\:/architecture.html +"Kernel Crypto API Architecture" +.UE +documentation for the information regarding how hash names are constructed and +your kernel's source and configuration regarding what ciphers +and templates with type +.B CRYPTO_ALG_TYPE_SHASH +are available) +to be applied to DH result in KDF operation. +.IP +The +.I otherinfo +field is an +.I OtherInfo +data as described in SP800-56A section 5.8.1.2 and is algorithm-specific. +This data is concatenated with the result of DH operation and is provided as +an input to the KDF operation. +Its size is provided in the +.I otherinfolen +field and is limited by +.B KEYCTL_KDF_MAX_OI_LEN +constant that defined in +.I security/keys/internal.h +to a value of 64. +.IP +The +.B __spare +field is currently unused. +.\" commit 4f9dabfaf8df971f8a3b6aa324f8f817be38d538 +It was ignored until Linux 4.13 (but still should be +user-addressable since it is copied to the kernel), +and should contain zeros since Linux 4.13. +.IP +The KDF implementation complies with SP800-56A as well +as with SP800-108 (the counter KDF). +.IP +.\" keyutils commit 742c9d7b94051d3b21f9f61a73ed6b5f3544cb82 +.\" keyutils commit d68a981e5db41d059ac782071c35d1e8f3aaf61c +This operation is exposed by +.I libkeyutils +(from +.I libkeyutils +1.5.10 onwards) via the functions +.BR keyctl_dh_compute (3) +and +.BR keyctl_dh_compute_alloc (3). +.TP +.BR KEYCTL_RESTRICT_KEYRING " (since Linux 4.12)" +.\" commit 6563c91fd645556c7801748f15bc727c77fcd311 +.\" commit 7228b66aaf723a623e578aa4db7d083bb39546c9 +Apply a key-linking restriction to the keyring with the ID provided in +.I arg2 +(cast to +.IR key_serial_t ). +The caller must have +.I setattr +permission on the key. +If +.I arg3 +is NULL, any attempt to add a key to the keyring is blocked; +otherwise it contains a pointer to a string with a key type name and +.I arg4 +contains a pointer to string that describes the type-specific restriction. +As of Linux 4.12, only the type "asymmetric" has restrictions defined: +.RS +.TP +.B builtin_trusted +Allows only keys that are signed by a key linked to the built-in keyring +(".builtin_trusted_keys"). +.TP +.B builtin_and_secondary_trusted +Allows only keys that are signed by a key linked to the secondary keyring +(".secondary_trusted_keys") or, by extension, a key in a built-in keyring, +as the latter is linked to the former. +.TP +.BI key_or_keyring: key +.TQ +.BI key_or_keyring: key :chain +If +.I key +specifies the ID of a key of type "asymmetric", +then only keys that are signed by this key are allowed. +.IP +If +.I key +specifies the ID of a keyring, +then only keys that are signed by a key linked +to this keyring are allowed. +.IP +If ":chain" is specified, keys that are signed by a keys linked to the +destination keyring (that is, the keyring with the ID specified in the +.I arg2 +argument) are also allowed. +.RE +.IP +Note that a restriction can be configured only once for the specified keyring; +once a restriction is set, it can't be overridden. +.IP +The argument +.I arg5 +is ignored. +.\" FIXME Document KEYCTL_RESTRICT_KEYRING, added in Linux 4.12 +.\" commit 6563c91fd645556c7801748f15bc727c77fcd311 +.\" Author: Mat Martineau <mathew.j.martineau@linux.intel.com> +.\" See Documentation/security/keys.txt +.SH RETURN VALUE +For a successful call, the return value depends on the operation: +.TP +.B KEYCTL_GET_KEYRING_ID +The ID of the requested keyring. +.TP +.B KEYCTL_JOIN_SESSION_KEYRING +The ID of the joined session keyring. +.TP +.B KEYCTL_DESCRIBE +The size of the description (including the terminating null byte), +irrespective of the provided buffer size. +.TP +.B KEYCTL_SEARCH +The ID of the key that was found. +.TP +.B KEYCTL_READ +The amount of data that is available in the key, +irrespective of the provided buffer size. +.TP +.B KEYCTL_SET_REQKEY_KEYRING +The ID of the previous default keyring +to which implicitly requested keys were linked +(one of +.BR KEY_REQKEY_DEFL_USER_* ). +.TP +.B KEYCTL_ASSUME_AUTHORITY +Either 0, if the ID given was 0, +or the ID of the authorization key matching the specified key, +if a nonzero key ID was provided. +.TP +.B KEYCTL_GET_SECURITY +The size of the LSM security label string +(including the terminating null byte), +irrespective of the provided buffer size. +.TP +.B KEYCTL_GET_PERSISTENT +The ID of the persistent keyring. +.TP +.B KEYCTL_DH_COMPUTE +The number of bytes copied to the buffer, or, if +.I arg4 +is 0, the required buffer size. +.TP +All other operations +Zero. +.PP +On error, \-1 is returned, and +.I errno +is set to indicate the error. +.SH ERRORS +.TP +.B EACCES +The requested operation wasn't permitted. +.TP +.B EAGAIN +.I operation +was +.B KEYCTL_DH_COMPUTE +and there was an error during crypto module initialization. +.TP +.B EDEADLK +.I operation +was +.B KEYCTL_LINK +and the requested link would result in a cycle. +.TP +.B EDEADLK +.I operation +was +.B KEYCTL_RESTRICT_KEYRING +and the requested keyring restriction would result in a cycle. +.TP +.B EDQUOT +The key quota for the caller's user would be exceeded by creating a key or +linking it to the keyring. +.TP +.B EEXIST +.I operation +was +.B KEYCTL_RESTRICT_KEYRING +and keyring provided in +.I arg2 +argument already has a restriction set. +.TP +.B EFAULT +.I operation +was +.B KEYCTL_DH_COMPUTE +and one of the following has failed: +.RS +.IP \[bu] 3 +copying of the +.IR "struct keyctl_dh_params" , +provided in the +.I arg2 +argument, from user space; +.IP \[bu] +copying of the +.IR "struct keyctl_kdf_params" , +provided in the non-NULL +.I arg5 +argument, from user space +(in case kernel supports performing KDF operation on DH operation result); +.IP \[bu] +copying of data pointed by the +.I hashname +field of the +.I "struct keyctl_kdf_params" +from user space; +.IP \[bu] +copying of data pointed by the +.I otherinfo +field of the +.I struct keyctl_kdf_params +from user space if the +.I otherinfolen +field was nonzero; +.IP \[bu] +copying of the result to user space. +.RE +.TP +.B EINVAL +.I operation +was +.B KEYCTL_SETPERM +and an invalid permission bit was specified in +.IR arg3 . +.TP +.B EINVAL +.I operation +was +.B KEYCTL_SEARCH +and the size of the description in +.I arg4 +(including the terminating null byte) exceeded 4096 bytes. +.TP +.B EINVAL +size of the string (including the terminating null byte) specified in +.I arg3 +(the key type) +or +.I arg4 +(the key description) +exceeded the limit (32 bytes and 4096 bytes respectively). +.TP +.BR EINVAL " (before Linux 4.12)" +.I operation +was +.BR KEYCTL_DH_COMPUTE , +argument +.I arg5 +was non-NULL. +.TP +.B EINVAL +.I operation +was +.B KEYCTL_DH_COMPUTE +And the digest size of the hashing algorithm supplied is zero. +.TP +.B EINVAL +.I operation +was +.B KEYCTL_DH_COMPUTE +and the buffer size provided is not enough to hold the result. +Provide 0 as a buffer size in order to obtain the minimum buffer size. +.TP +.B EINVAL +.I operation +was +.B KEYCTL_DH_COMPUTE +and the hash name provided in the +.I hashname +field of the +.I struct keyctl_kdf_params +pointed by +.I arg5 +argument is too big (the limit is implementation-specific and varies between +kernel versions, but it is deemed big enough for all valid algorithm names). +.TP +.B EINVAL +.\" commit 4f9dabfaf8df971f8a3b6aa324f8f817be38d538 +.I operation +was +.B KEYCTL_DH_COMPUTE +and the +.I __spare +field of the +.I struct keyctl_kdf_params +provided in the +.I arg5 +argument contains nonzero values. +.TP +.B EKEYEXPIRED +An expired key was found or specified. +.TP +.B EKEYREJECTED +A rejected key was found or specified. +.TP +.B EKEYREVOKED +A revoked key was found or specified. +.TP +.B ELOOP +.I operation +was +.B KEYCTL_LINK +and the requested link would cause the maximum nesting depth +for keyrings to be exceeded. +.TP +.B EMSGSIZE +.I operation +was +.B KEYCTL_DH_COMPUTE +and the buffer length exceeds +.B KEYCTL_KDF_MAX_OUTPUT_LEN +(which is 1024 currently) +or the +.I otherinfolen +field of the +.I struct keyctl_kdf_parms +passed in +.I arg5 +exceeds +.B KEYCTL_KDF_MAX_OI_LEN +(which is 64 currently). +.TP +.BR ENFILE " (before Linux 3.13)" +.I operation +was +.B KEYCTL_LINK +and the keyring is full. +(Before Linux 3.13, +.\" commit b2a4df200d570b2c33a57e1ebfa5896e4bc81b69 +the available space for storing keyring links was limited to +a single page of memory; since Linux 3.13, there is no fixed limit.) +.TP +.B ENOENT +.I operation +was +.B KEYCTL_UNLINK +and the key to be unlinked isn't linked to the keyring. +.TP +.B ENOENT +.I operation +was +.B KEYCTL_DH_COMPUTE +and the hashing algorithm specified in the +.I hashname +field of the +.I struct keyctl_kdf_params +pointed by +.I arg5 +argument hasn't been found. +.TP +.B ENOENT +.I operation +was +.B KEYCTL_RESTRICT_KEYRING +and the type provided in +.I arg3 +argument doesn't support setting key linking restrictions. +.TP +.B ENOKEY +No matching key was found or an invalid key was specified. +.TP +.B ENOKEY +The value +.B KEYCTL_GET_KEYRING_ID +was specified in +.IR operation , +the key specified in +.I arg2 +did not exist, and +.I arg3 +was zero (meaning don't create the key if it didn't exist). +.TP +.B ENOMEM +One of kernel memory allocation routines failed during the execution of the +syscall. +.TP +.B ENOTDIR +A key of keyring type was expected but the ID of a key with +a different type was provided. +.TP +.B EOPNOTSUPP +.I operation +was +.B KEYCTL_READ +and the key type does not support reading +(e.g., the type is +.IR """login""" ). +.TP +.B EOPNOTSUPP +.I operation +was +.B KEYCTL_UPDATE +and the key type does not support updating. +.TP +.B EOPNOTSUPP +.I operation +was +.BR KEYCTL_RESTRICT_KEYRING , +the type provided in +.I arg3 +argument was "asymmetric", +and the key specified in the restriction specification provided in +.I arg4 +has type other than "asymmetric" or "keyring". +.TP +.B EPERM +.I operation +was +.BR KEYCTL_GET_PERSISTENT , +.I arg2 +specified a UID other than the calling thread's real or effective UID, +and the caller did not have the +.B CAP_SETUID +capability. +.TP +.B EPERM +.I operation +was +.B KEYCTL_SESSION_TO_PARENT +and either: +all of the UIDs (GIDs) of the parent process do not match +the effective UID (GID) of the calling process; +the UID of the parent's existing session keyring or +the UID of the caller's session keyring did not match +the effective UID of the caller; +the parent process is not single-thread; +or the parent process is +.BR init (1) +or a kernel thread. +.TP +.B ETIMEDOUT +.I operation +was +.B KEYCTL_DH_COMPUTE +and the initialization of crypto modules has timed out. +.SH VERSIONS +A wrapper is provided in the +.I libkeyutils +library. +(The accompanying package provides the +.I <keyutils.h> +header file.) +However, rather than using this system call directly, +you probably want to use the various library functions +mentioned in the descriptions of individual operations above. +.SH STANDARDS +Linux. +.SH HISTORY +Linux 2.6.10. +.SH EXAMPLES +The program below provide subset of the functionality of the +.BR request\-key (8) +program provided by the +.I keyutils +package. +For informational purposes, +the program records various information in a log file. +.PP +As described in +.BR request_key (2), +the +.BR request\-key (8) +program is invoked with command-line arguments that +describe a key that is to be instantiated. +The example program fetches and logs these arguments. +The program assumes authority to instantiate the requested key, +and then instantiates that key. +.PP +The following shell session demonstrates the use of this program. +In the session, +we compile the program and then use it to temporarily replace the standard +.BR request\-key (8) +program. +(Note that temporarily disabling the standard +.BR request\-key (8) +program may not be safe on some systems.) +While our example program is installed, +we use the example program shown in +.BR request_key (2) +to request a key. +.PP +.in +4n +.EX +$ \fBcc \-o key_instantiate key_instantiate.c \-lkeyutils\fP +$ \fBsudo mv /sbin/request\-key /sbin/request\-key.backup\fP +$ \fBsudo cp key_instantiate /sbin/request\-key\fP +$ \fB./t_request_key user mykey somepayloaddata\fP +Key ID is 20d035bf +$ \fBsudo mv /sbin/request\-key.backup /sbin/request\-key\fP +.EE +.in +.PP +Looking at the log file created by this program, +we can see the command-line arguments supplied to our example program: +.PP +.in +4n +.EX +$ \fBcat /tmp/key_instantiate.log\fP +Time: Mon Nov 7 13:06:47 2016 + +Command line arguments: + argv[0]: /sbin/request\-key + operation: create + key_to_instantiate: 20d035bf + UID: 1000 + GID: 1000 + thread_keyring: 0 + process_keyring: 0 + session_keyring: 256e6a6 + +Key description: user;1000;1000;3f010000;mykey +Auth key payload: somepayloaddata +Destination keyring: 256e6a6 +Auth key description: .request_key_auth;1000;1000;0b010000;20d035bf +.EE +.in +.PP +The last few lines of the above output show that the example program +was able to fetch: +.IP \[bu] 3 +the description of the key to be instantiated, +which included the name of the key +.RI ( mykey ); +.IP \[bu] +the payload of the authorization key, which consisted of the data +.RI ( somepayloaddata ) +passed to +.BR request_key (2); +.IP \[bu] +the destination keyring that was specified in the call to +.BR request_key (2); +and +.IP \[bu] +the description of the authorization key, +where we can see that the name of the authorization key matches +the ID of the key that is to be instantiated +.RI ( 20d035bf ). +.PP +The example program in +.BR request_key (2) +specified the destination keyring as +.BR KEY_SPEC_SESSION_KEYRING . +By examining the contents of +.IR /proc/keys , +we can see that this was translated to the ID of the destination keyring +.RI ( 0256e6a6 ) +shown in the log output above; +we can also see the newly created key with the name +.I mykey +and ID +.IR 20d035bf . +.PP +.in +4n +.EX +$ \fBcat /proc/keys | egrep \[aq]mykey|256e6a6\[aq]\fP +0256e6a6 I\-\-Q\-\-\- 194 perm 3f030000 1000 1000 keyring _ses: 3 +20d035bf I\-\-Q\-\-\- 1 perm 3f010000 1000 1000 user mykey: 16 +.EE +.in +.SS Program source +\& +.\" SRC BEGIN (key_instantiate.c) +.EX +/* key_instantiate.c */ + +#include <errno.h> +#include <keyutils.h> +#include <stdint.h> +#include <stdio.h> +#include <stdlib.h> +#include <string.h> +#include <sys/types.h> +#include <time.h> + +#ifndef KEY_SPEC_REQUESTOR_KEYRING +#define KEY_SPEC_REQUESTOR_KEYRING (\-8) +#endif + +int +main(int argc, char *argv[]) +{ + int akp_size; /* Size of auth_key_payload */ + int auth_key; + char dbuf[256]; + char auth_key_payload[256]; + char *operation; + FILE *fp; + gid_t gid; + uid_t uid; + time_t t; + key_serial_t key_to_instantiate, dest_keyring; + key_serial_t thread_keyring, process_keyring, session_keyring; + + if (argc != 8) { + fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s op key uid gid thread_keyring " + "process_keyring session_keyring\en", argv[0]); + exit(EXIT_FAILURE); + } + + fp = fopen("/tmp/key_instantiate.log", "w"); + if (fp == NULL) + exit(EXIT_FAILURE); + + setbuf(fp, NULL); + + t = time(NULL); + fprintf(fp, "Time: %s\en", ctime(&t)); + + /* + * The kernel passes a fixed set of arguments to the program + * that it execs; fetch them. + */ + operation = argv[1]; + key_to_instantiate = atoi(argv[2]); + uid = atoi(argv[3]); + gid = atoi(argv[4]); + thread_keyring = atoi(argv[5]); + process_keyring = atoi(argv[6]); + session_keyring = atoi(argv[7]); + + fprintf(fp, "Command line arguments:\en"); + fprintf(fp, " argv[0]: %s\en", argv[0]); + fprintf(fp, " operation: %s\en", operation); + fprintf(fp, " key_to_instantiate: %jx\en", + (uintmax_t) key_to_instantiate); + fprintf(fp, " UID: %jd\en", (intmax_t) uid); + fprintf(fp, " GID: %jd\en", (intmax_t) gid); + fprintf(fp, " thread_keyring: %jx\en", + (uintmax_t) thread_keyring); + fprintf(fp, " process_keyring: %jx\en", + (uintmax_t) process_keyring); + fprintf(fp, " session_keyring: %jx\en", + (uintmax_t) session_keyring); + fprintf(fp, "\en"); + + /* + * Assume the authority to instantiate the key named in argv[2]. + */ + if (keyctl(KEYCTL_ASSUME_AUTHORITY, key_to_instantiate) == \-1) { + fprintf(fp, "KEYCTL_ASSUME_AUTHORITY failed: %s\en", + strerror(errno)); + exit(EXIT_FAILURE); + } + + /* + * Fetch the description of the key that is to be instantiated. + */ + if (keyctl(KEYCTL_DESCRIBE, key_to_instantiate, + dbuf, sizeof(dbuf)) == \-1) { + fprintf(fp, "KEYCTL_DESCRIBE failed: %s\en", strerror(errno)); + exit(EXIT_FAILURE); + } + + fprintf(fp, "Key description: %s\en", dbuf); + + /* + * Fetch the payload of the authorization key, which is + * actually the callout data given to request_key(). + */ + akp_size = keyctl(KEYCTL_READ, KEY_SPEC_REQKEY_AUTH_KEY, + auth_key_payload, sizeof(auth_key_payload)); + if (akp_size == \-1) { + fprintf(fp, "KEYCTL_READ failed: %s\en", strerror(errno)); + exit(EXIT_FAILURE); + } + + auth_key_payload[akp_size] = \[aq]\e0\[aq]; + fprintf(fp, "Auth key payload: %s\en", auth_key_payload); + + /* + * For interest, get the ID of the authorization key and + * display it. + */ + auth_key = keyctl(KEYCTL_GET_KEYRING_ID, + KEY_SPEC_REQKEY_AUTH_KEY); + if (auth_key == \-1) { + fprintf(fp, "KEYCTL_GET_KEYRING_ID failed: %s\en", + strerror(errno)); + exit(EXIT_FAILURE); + } + + fprintf(fp, "Auth key ID: %jx\en", (uintmax_t) auth_key); + + /* + * Fetch key ID for the request_key(2) destination keyring. + */ + dest_keyring = keyctl(KEYCTL_GET_KEYRING_ID, + KEY_SPEC_REQUESTOR_KEYRING); + if (dest_keyring == \-1) { + fprintf(fp, "KEYCTL_GET_KEYRING_ID failed: %s\en", + strerror(errno)); + exit(EXIT_FAILURE); + } + + fprintf(fp, "Destination keyring: %jx\en", (uintmax_t) dest_keyring); + + /* + * Fetch the description of the authorization key. This + * allows us to see the key type, UID, GID, permissions, + * and description (name) of the key. Among other things, + * we will see that the name of the key is a hexadecimal + * string representing the ID of the key to be instantiated. + */ + if (keyctl(KEYCTL_DESCRIBE, KEY_SPEC_REQKEY_AUTH_KEY, + dbuf, sizeof(dbuf)) == \-1) + { + fprintf(fp, "KEYCTL_DESCRIBE failed: %s\en", strerror(errno)); + exit(EXIT_FAILURE); + } + + fprintf(fp, "Auth key description: %s\en", dbuf); + + /* + * Instantiate the key using the callout data that was supplied + * in the payload of the authorization key. + */ + if (keyctl(KEYCTL_INSTANTIATE, key_to_instantiate, + auth_key_payload, akp_size + 1, dest_keyring) == \-1) + { + fprintf(fp, "KEYCTL_INSTANTIATE failed: %s\en", + strerror(errno)); + exit(EXIT_FAILURE); + } + + exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); +} +.EE +.\" SRC END +.SH SEE ALSO +.ad l +.nh +.BR keyctl (1), +.BR add_key (2), +.BR request_key (2), +.\" .BR find_key_by_type_and_name (3) +.\" There is a man page, but this function seems not to exist +.BR keyctl (3), +.BR keyctl_assume_authority (3), +.BR keyctl_chown (3), +.BR keyctl_clear (3), +.BR keyctl_describe (3), +.BR keyctl_describe_alloc (3), +.BR keyctl_dh_compute (3), +.BR keyctl_dh_compute_alloc (3), +.BR keyctl_get_keyring_ID (3), +.BR keyctl_get_persistent (3), +.BR keyctl_get_security (3), +.BR keyctl_get_security_alloc (3), +.BR keyctl_instantiate (3), +.BR keyctl_instantiate_iov (3), +.BR keyctl_invalidate (3), +.BR keyctl_join_session_keyring (3), +.BR keyctl_link (3), +.BR keyctl_negate (3), +.BR keyctl_read (3), +.BR keyctl_read_alloc (3), +.BR keyctl_reject (3), +.BR keyctl_revoke (3), +.BR keyctl_search (3), +.BR keyctl_session_to_parent (3), +.BR keyctl_set_reqkey_keyring (3), +.BR keyctl_set_timeout (3), +.BR keyctl_setperm (3), +.BR keyctl_unlink (3), +.BR keyctl_update (3), +.BR recursive_key_scan (3), +.BR recursive_session_key_scan (3), +.BR capabilities (7), +.BR credentials (7), +.BR keyrings (7), +.BR keyutils (7), +.BR persistent\-keyring (7), +.BR process\-keyring (7), +.BR session\-keyring (7), +.BR thread\-keyring (7), +.BR user\-keyring (7), +.BR user_namespaces (7), +.BR user\-session\-keyring (7), +.BR request\-key (8) +.PP +The kernel source files under +.I Documentation/security/keys/ +(or, before Linux 4.13, in the file +.IR Documentation/security/keys.txt ). |