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+.\" This file is part of GNU cpio. -*- nroff -*-
+.\" Copyright 2014-2024 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+.\"
+.\" GNU cpio is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+.\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+.\" the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+.\" (at your option) any later version.
+.\"
+.\" GNU cpio is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+.\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+.\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+.\" GNU General Public License for more details.
+.\"
+.\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+.\" along with GNU cpio.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+.TH CPIO 1 "April 29, 2023" "CPIO" "GNU CPIO"
+.SH NAME
+cpio \- copy files to and from archives
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B cpio
+{\fB\-o\fR|\fB\-\-create\fR} [\fB\-0acvABLV\fR] [\fB\-C\fR \fIBYTES\fR]
+[\fB\-H\fR \fIFORMAT\fR] [\fB\-M\fR \fIMESSAGE\fR]
+[\fB\-O\fR [[\fIUSER\fB@\fR]\fIHOST\fB:\fR]\fIARCHIVE\fR]
+[\fB\-F\fR [[\fIUSER\fB@\fR]\fIHOST\fB:\fR]\fIARCHIVE\fR]
+[\fB\-\-file=\fR[[\fIUSER\fB@\fR]\fIHOST\fB:\fR]\fIARCHIVE\fR]
+[\fB\-\-format=\fIFORMAT\fR] [\fB\-\-message=\fIMESSAGE\fR]
+[\fB\-\-null\fR] [\fB\-\-reset\-access\-time\fR] [\fB\-\-verbose\fR]
+[\fB\-\-dot\fR] [\fB\-\-append\fR]
+[\fB\-\-block\-size=\fIblocks\fR] [\fB\-\-dereference\fR]
+[\fB\-\-io\-size=\fIBYTES\fR] [\fB\-\-quiet\fR]
+[\fB\-\-force\-local\fR] [\fB\-\-rsh\-command=\fICOMMAND\fR]
+\fB<\fR \fIname-list\fR [\fB>\fR \fIarchive\fR]
+
+.B cpio
+{\fB\-i\fR|\fB\-\-extract\fR} [\fB\-bcdfmnrtsuvBSV\fR] [\fB\-C\fR \fIBYTES\fR]
+[\fB\-E\fR \fIFILE\fR] [\fB\-H\fR \fIFORMAT\fR]
+[\fB\-M\fR \fIMESSAGE\fR] [\fB\-R\fR [\fIUSER\fR][\fB:.\fR][\fIGROUP\fR]]
+[\fB\-I\fR [[\fIUSER\fB@\fR]\fIHOST\fB:\fR]\fIARCHIVE\fR]
+[\fB\-F\fR [[\fIUSER\fB@\fR]\fIHOST\fB:\fR]\fIARCHIVE\fR]
+[\fB\-\-file=\fR[[\fIUSER\fB@\fR]\fIHOST\fB:\fR]\fIARCHIVE\fR]
+[\fB\-\-make\-directories\fR] [\fB\-\-nonmatching\fR]
+[\fB\-\-preserve\-modification\-time\fR] [\fB\-\-numeric\-uid\-gid\fR]
+[\fB\-\-rename\fR] [\fB\-\-list\fR] [\fB\-\-swap\-bytes\fR]
+[\fB\-\-swap\fR] [\fB\-\-dot\fR] [\fB\-\-unconditional\fR]
+[\fB\-\-verbose\fR] [\fB\-\-block\-size=\fIBLOCKS\fR]
+[\fB\-\-swap\-halfwords\fR] [\fB\-\-io\-size=\fIBYTES\fR]
+[\fB\-\-pattern\-file=\fIFILE\fR] [\fB\-\-format=\fIFORMAT\fR]
+[\fB\-\-owner=\fR[\fIUSER\fR][\fB:.\fR][\fIGROUP\fR]]
+[\fB\-\-no\-preserve\-owner\fR] [\fB\-\-message=\fIMESSAGE\fR]
+[\fB\-\-force\-local\fR] [\fB\-\-no\-absolute\-filenames\fR] [\fB\-\-sparse\fR]
+[\fB\-\-only\-verify\-crc\fR] [\fB\-\-to\-stdout\fR] [\fB\-\-quiet\fR]
+[\fB\-\-rsh\-command=\fICOMMAND\fR]
+[\fIpattern\fR...] [\fB<\fR \fIarchive\fR]
+
+.B cpio
+{\fB\-p\fR|\fB\-\-pass\-through\fR} [\fB\-0adlmuvLV\fR]
+[\fB\-R\fR [\fIUSER\fR][\fB:.\fR][\fIGROUP\fR]]
+[\fB\-\-null\fR] [\fB\-\-reset\-access\-time\fR]
+[\fB\-\-make\-directories\fR] [\fB\-\-link\fR] [\fB\-\-quiet\fR]
+[\fB\-\-preserve\-modification\-time] [\fB\-\-unconditional\fR]
+[\fB\-\-verbose\fR] [\fB\-\-dot\fR] [\fB\-\-dereference\fR]
+[\fB\-\-owner=\fR[\fIUSER\fR][\fB:.\fR][\fIGROUP\fR]]
+[\fB\-\-no\-preserve\-owner\fR] [\fB\-\-sparse\fR]
+\fIdestination-directory\fR \fB<\fR \fIname-list\fR
+
+.B cpio
+{\fB\-?\fR|\fB\-\-help\fR|\fB\-\-usage\fR|\fB\-\-version\fR}
+.SH NOTE
+This manpage is a short description of GNU \fBcpio\fR.  For a detailed
+discussion, including examples and usage recommendations, refer to the
+\fBGNU Cpio Manual\fR available in texinfo format.  If the \fBinfo\fR
+reader and the cpio documentation are properly installed on your
+system, the command
+.PP
+.RS +4
+.B info cpio
+.RE
+.PP
+should give you access to the complete manual.
+.PP
+You can also view the manual using the info mode in
+.BR emacs (1),
+or find it in various formats online at
+.PP
+.RS +4
+.B http://www.gnu.org/software/cpio/manual
+.RE
+.PP
+If any discrepancies occur between this manpage and the
+\fBGNU Cpio Manual\fR, the later shall be considered the authoritative
+source.
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+GNU \fBcpio\fR copies files between archives and directories.  It
+supports the following archive formats: old binary cpio, old portable
+cpio, SVR4 cpio with and without checksum, HP cpio, and various tar
+formats.
+.PP
+The operation mode is requested by one of the following options:
+.TP
+.BR \-o ", " \-\-create
+Copy-out.  Read a list of file names from the standard input and
+create on the standard output (unless overridden by the \fB\-\-file\fR
+option) an archive containing these files.
+.TP
+.BR \-i ", " \-\-extract
+Copy-in.  Read the archive from standard input (or from the file
+supplied with the \fB\-\-file\fR option) and extract files from it, or
+(if the \fB\-t\fR option is given) list its contents to the standard
+output.  If one or more \fIpattern\fRs are supplied, read or list only
+files matching these patterns.  The \fB\-t\fR option alone implies
+\fB\-i\fR.
+.TP
+.BR \-p ", " \-\-pass\-through
+Pass-through.  Read a list of file names from the standard input and
+copy them to the specified directory.
+.TP
+.BR \-? ", " \-\-help
+Give a short help summary and exit.
+.TP
+.B \-\-usage
+Print a short usage message and exit.
+.TP
+.B \-\-version
+Print program version and exit.
+.SH OPTIONS
+.SS Operation modifiers valid in any mode
+.TP
+\fB\-\-block\-size=\fIBLOCK-SIZE\fR
+Set the I/O block size to \fIBLOCK-SIZE\fR * 512 bytes.
+.TP
+.B \-B
+Set the I/O block size to 5120 bytes.
+.TP
+.B \-c
+Use the old portable (ASCII) archive format.  This is the same as
+\fB\-H odc\fR.
+.TP
+\fB\-C\fR, \fB\-\-io\-size=\fINUMBER\fR
+Set the I/O block size to the given \fINUMBER\fR of bytes.
+.TP
+\fB\-D\fR, \fB\-\-directory=\fIDIR\fR
+Change to directory \fIDIR\fR.
+.TP
+.B \-\-force\-local
+Archive file is local, even if its name contains colons.
+.TP
+\fB\-H\fR, \fB\-\-format=\fIFORMAT\fR
+Use given archive \fBFORMAT\fR.  Valid formats are (the number in
+parentheses gives maximum size for individual archive member):
+.RS
+.TP
+.B bin
+The obsolete binary format.  (2147483647 bytes)
+.TP
+.B odc
+The old (POSIX.1) portable format. (8589934591 bytes)
+.TP
+.B newc
+The new (SVR4) portable format, which supports file systems
+having more than 65536 inodes. (4294967295 bytes)
+.TP
+.B crc
+The new (SVR4) portable format with a checksum added.
+.TP
+.B tar
+The old tar format. (8589934591 bytes)
+.TP
+.B ustar
+The POSIX.1 tar format.  Also recognizes GNU tar archives,
+which are similar but not identical. (8589934591 bytes)
+.TP
+.B hpbin
+The obsolete binary format used by HPUX's cpio (which stores
+device files differently).
+.TP
+.B hpodc
+The portable format used by HPUX's cpio (which stores device
+files differently).
+.RE
+.TP
+\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-owner=\fR[\fIUSER\fR][\fB:.\fR][\fIGROUP\fR]
+In copy-in and copy-pass mode, set the ownership of all files created
+to the specified \fIUSER\fR and/or \fIGROUP\fR.  In copy-out mode,
+store the supplied owner information in the archive.
+
+\fIUSER\fR and \fIGROUP\fR are first looked up in the system user and
+group databases.  If not found, \fBcpio\fR checks if they consist of
+decimal digits only and, if so, treats them as numeric UID and GID,
+correspondingly.
+
+To avoid the lookup and ensure that arguments are treated as numeric
+values, prefix them with a plus sign, e.g.: \fB-R +0:+0\fR.
+.TP
+.B \-\-quiet
+Do not print the number of blocks copied at the end of the run.
+.TP
+.BI \-\-rsh\-command= COMMAND
+Use remote \fICOMMAND\fR instead of \fBrsh\fR.
+.TP
+.BR \-v ", " \-\-verbose
+Verbosely list the files processed.
+.TP
+.BR \-V ", " \-\-dot
+Print a "\fB.\fR" for each file processed.
+.TP
+\fB\-W\fR, \fB\-\-warning=\fIFLAG\fR
+Controls what warnings are displayed.  The \fIFLAG\fR is one of
+.BR none ,
+to disable all warnings,
+.BR all
+to enable them,
+.BR truncate ,
+to enable warnings about field truncation, and
+.BR no\-truncate ,
+to disable them.
+
+Multiple \fB\-W\fR options accumulate.
+.SS Operation modifiers valid in copy-in and copy-out modes
+.TP
+\fB\-F\fR, \fB\-\-file=\fR[[\fIUSER\fB@\fR]\fIHOST\fB:\fR]\fIARCHIVE-FILE\fR
+Use this \fIARCHIVE-FILE\fR instead of standard input (in copy-in
+mode) or standard output (in copy-out mode).  Optional \fIUSER\fR and
+\fIHOST\fR specify the user and host names in case of a remote
+archive.
+.TP
+\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-message=\fISTRING\fR
+Print \fISTRING\fR when the end of a volume of the backup media is reached.
+.SS Operation modifiers valid only in copy-in mode
+.TP
+.BR \-b ", " \-\-swap
+Swap both halfwords of words and bytes of halfwords in the data.
+Equivalent to \fB\-sS\fR.
+.TP
+.BR \-f ", " \-\-nonmatching
+Only copy files that do not match any of the given patterns.
+.TP
+.BR \-n ", " \-\-numeric\-uid\-gid
+In the verbose table of contents listing, show numeric UID and GID.
+.\" FIXME: special meaning when storing tar files.
+.TP
+.BR \-r ", " \-\-rename
+Interactively rename files.
+.TP
+.BR \-s ", " \-\-swap\-bytes
+Swap the bytes of each halfword in the files.
+.TP
+.BR \-S ", " \-\-swap\-halfwords
+Swap the halfwords of each word (4 bytes) in the files.
+.TP
+.B \-\-to\-stdout
+Extract files to standard output.
+.TP
+\fB\-E\fR, \fB\-\-pattern\-file=\fIFILE\fR
+Read additional patterns specifying filenames to extract or list from
+\fIFILE\fR.
+.TP
+.B \-\-only\-verify\-crc
+When reading a CRC format archive, only verify the CRC's of each file
+in the archive, without actually extracting the files.
+.SS Operation modifiers valid only in copy-out mode
+.TP
+.BR \-A ", " \-\-append
+Append to an existing archive.
+.TP
+.BR \-\-device\-independent ", " \-\-reproducible
+Create reproducible archives.  This is equivalent to
+.BR "\-\-ignore\-devno \-\-ignore\-dirnlink \-\-renumber\-inodes" .
+.TP
+.B \-\-ignore\-devno
+Store 0 in the device number field of each archive member, instead of
+the actual device number.
+.TP
+.B \-\-ignore\-dirnlink
+Store 2 in the
+.I nlink
+field of each directory archive member,
+instead of the actual number of links.
+.TP
+\fB\-O\fR [[\fIUSER\fB@\fR]\fIHOST\fB:\fR]\fIARCHIVE-NAME\fR
+Use \fIARCHIVE-NAME\fR instead of standard output. Optional \fIUSER\fR and
+\fIHOST\fR specify the user and host names in case of a remote
+archive.
+
+The output archive name can be specified either using this option, or
+using \fB\-F\fR (\fB\-\-file\fR), but not both.
+.TP
+.B \-\-renumber\-inodes
+Renumber inodes when storing them in the archive.
+.SS Operation modifiers valid only in copy-pass mode
+.TP
+.BR \-l ", " \-\-link
+Link files instead of copying them, when possible.
+.SS Operation modifiers valid in copy-in and copy-out modes
+.TP
+.B \-\-absolute\-filenames
+Do not strip file system prefix components from the file names.  This
+is the default.
+.TP
+.B \-\-no\-absolute\-filenames
+Create all files relative to the current directory.
+.SS Operation modifiers valid in copy-out and copy-pass modes
+.TP
+.BR \-0 ", " \-\-null
+Filenames in the list are delimited by null characters instead of
+newlines.
+.TP
+.BR \-a ", " \-\-reset\-access\-time
+Reset the access times of files after reading them.
+.TP
+\fB\-I\fR [[\fIUSER\fB@\fR]\fIHOST\fB:\fR]\fIARCHIVE-NAME\fR
+Use \fIARCHIVE-NAME\fR instead of standard input. Optional \fIUSER\fR and
+\fIHOST\fR specify the user and host names in case of a remote
+archive.
+
+The input archive name can be specified either using this option, or
+using \fB\-F\fR (\fB\-\-file\fR), but not both.
+.TP
+.BR \-L ", " \-\-dereference
+Dereference symbolic links (copy the files that they point to instead
+of copying the links).
+.SS Operation modifiers valid in copy-in and copy-pass modes
+.TP
+.BR \-d ", " \-\-make\-directories
+Create leading directories where needed.
+.TP
+.BR \-m ", " \-\-preserve\-modification\-time
+Retain previous file modification times when creating files.
+.TP
+.B \-\-no\-preserve\-owner
+Do not change the ownership of the files.
+.TP
+.B \-\-sparse
+Write files with large blocks of zeros as sparse files.
+.TP
+.BR \-u ", " \-\-unconditional
+Replace all files unconditionally.
+.SH "RETURN VALUE"
+GNU \fBcpio\fR exits with code \fB0\fR if it was able to successfully
+complete the requested operation.  On errors, it exits with code \fB2\fR.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.BR tar (1),
+.BR rmt (8),
+.BR mt (1).
+.SH "BUG REPORTS"
+Report bugs to <bug\-cpio@gnu.org>.
+.SH COPYRIGHT
+Copyright \(co 2014--2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+.br
+.na
+License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
+.br
+.ad
+This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
+There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
+.\" Local variables:
+.\" eval: (add-hook 'write-file-hooks 'time-stamp)
+.\" time-stamp-start: ".TH [A-Z_][A-Z0-9_.\\-]* [0-9] \""
+.\" time-stamp-format: "%:B %:d, %:y"
+.\" time-stamp-end: "\""
+.\" time-stamp-line-limit: 20
+.\" end: