# French translation of manpages # This file is distributed under the same license as the manpages-l10n package. # Copyright © of this file: # Christophe Blaess , 1996-2003. # Stéphan Rafin , 2002. # Thierry Vignaud , 1999,2002. # François Micaux, 2002. # Alain Portal , 2003-2008. # Jean-Philippe Guérard , 2005-2006. # Jean-Luc Coulon (f5ibh) , 2006-2007. # Julien Cristau , 2006-2007. # Thomas Huriaux , 2006-2008. # Nicolas François , 2006-2008. # Florentin Duneau , 2006-2010. # Simon Paillard , 2006, 2013. # Denis Barbier , 2006,2010. # David Prévot , 2010, 2013, 2014. # Cédric Boutillier , 2011, 2012, 2013. # Frédéric Hantrais , 2013, 2014. # Jean-Philippe MENGUAL , 2020-2023. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: manpages-l10n 4.22.0\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2024-06-01 05:43+0200\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2024-04-17 14:17+0200\n" "Last-Translator: Jean-Philippe MENGUAL \n" "Language-Team: French \n" "Language: fr\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=n > 1;\n" "X-Generator: Lokalize 22.12.3\n" #. type: TH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "bpf" msgstr "bpf" #. type: TH #: archlinux debian-unstable opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "2024-05-02" msgstr "2 mai 2024" #. type: TH #: archlinux debian-unstable #, no-wrap msgid "Linux man-pages 6.8" msgstr "Pages du manuel de Linux 6.8" #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "NAME" msgstr "NOM" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "bpf - perform a command on an extended BPF map or program" msgstr "bpf - Lancer une commande sur une mappe ou un programme BPF" #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "SYNOPSIS" msgstr "SYNOPSIS" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B<#include Elinux/bpf.hE>\n" msgstr "B<#include Elinux/bpf.hE>\n" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "BIB<, union bpf_attr *>IB<, unsigned int >IB<);>\n" msgstr "BIB<, union bpf_attr *>IB<, unsigned int >IB<);>\n" #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "DESCRIPTION" msgstr "DESCRIPTION" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The B() system call performs a range of operations related to extended " "Berkeley Packet Filters. Extended BPF (or eBPF) is similar to the original " "(\"classic\") BPF (cBPF) used to filter network packets. For both cBPF and " "eBPF programs, the kernel statically analyzes the programs before loading " "them, in order to ensure that they cannot harm the running system." msgstr "" "L'appel système B() effectue une série d'opérations liées aux Berkeley " "Packet Filters étendus (« filtres de paquets Berkeley »). BPF étendu (ou " "eBPF) est identique au BPF « classique » originel (cBPF) utilisé pour " "filtrer les paquets réseau. Pour les programmes tant cBPF qu’eBPF, le noyau " "analyse de manière statique les programmes avant de les charger, afin de " "garantir qu'ils ne puissent pas mettre en danger le système en cours " "d’exécution." #. See 'enum bpf_func_id' in include/uapi/linux/bpf.h #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "eBPF extends cBPF in multiple ways, including the ability to call a fixed " "set of in-kernel helper functions (via the B opcode extension " "provided by eBPF) and access shared data structures such as eBPF maps." msgstr "" "eBPF étend cBPF de plusieurs manières, notamment par la possibilité " "d'appeler un ensemble fixé de fonctions d'aide du noyau (à l’aide de " "l'extension d’opcode B fournie par eBPF) et d'accéder aux " "structures de données partagées telles que les mappes eBPF." #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Extended BPF Design/Architecture" msgstr "Conception/architecture de BPF étendu" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "eBPF maps are a generic data structure for storage of different data types. " "Data types are generally treated as binary blobs, so a user just specifies " "the size of the key and the size of the value at map-creation time. In " "other words, a key/value for a given map can have an arbitrary structure." msgstr "" "Les mappes eBPF sont des structures de données génériques pour stocker " "différents types de données. Les types de données sont généralement traités " "comme des blobs binaires, donc l'utilisateur indique seulement la taille de " "la clé et celle de la valeur au moment de la création de la mappe. En " "d'autres termes, la clé/valeur d'une mappe donnée peut avoir une structure " "arbitraire." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "A user process can create multiple maps (with key/value-pairs being opaque " "bytes of data) and access them via file descriptors. Different eBPF " "programs can access the same maps in parallel. It's up to the user process " "and eBPF program to decide what they store inside maps." msgstr "" "Un processus utilisateur peut créer plusieurs mappes (dont les paires clé/" "valeur sont des octets de données opaques) et y accéder par les descripteurs " "de fichier. Différents programmes eBPF peuvent accéder aux mêmes mappes en " "parallèle. Il appartient au processus utilisateur et au programme eBPF de " "décider ce qu'ils stockent dans leurs mappes." #. Defined by the kernel constant MAX_TAIL_CALL_CNT in include/linux/bpf.h #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "There's one special map type, called a program array. This type of map " "stores file descriptors referring to other eBPF programs. When a lookup in " "the map is performed, the program flow is redirected in-place to the " "beginning of another eBPF program and does not return back to the calling " "program. The level of nesting has a fixed limit of 32, so that infinite " "loops cannot be crafted. At run time, the program file descriptors stored " "in the map can be modified, so program functionality can be altered based on " "specific requirements. All programs referred to in a program-array map must " "have been previously loaded into the kernel via B(). If a map lookup " "fails, the current program continues its execution. See " "B below for further details." msgstr "" "Il existe un type de mappe spécial appelé un tableau de programmes " "(« program array »). Ce type de mappe stocke des descripteurs de fichiers " "qui renvoient à d'autres programmes eBPF. Quand une recherche est effectuée " "sur la mappe, le flux du programme est redirigé directement au début d'un " "autre programme eBPF et il ne renvoie rien au programme appelant. Le niveau " "de redirections est de 32 pour éviter de créer des boucles infinies. Au " "moment de l'exécution, les descripteurs de fichier du programme stockés dans " "la mappe peuvent être modifiés, donc la fonctionnalité de programme peut " "être modifiée sur la base d'exigences spécifiques. Tous les programmes " "auxquels renvoie une mappe tableau de programmes (program-array) doivent " "avoir été précédemment chargés dans le noyau avec B(). Si une recherche " "de mappe échoue, le programme en cours poursuit son exécution. Voir " "B ci-dessous pour des détails." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Generally, eBPF programs are loaded by the user process and automatically " "unloaded when the process exits. In some cases, for example, B(8), " "the program will continue to stay alive inside the kernel even after the " "process that loaded the program exits. In that case, the tc subsystem holds " "a reference to the eBPF program after the file descriptor has been closed by " "the user-space program. Thus, whether a specific program continues to live " "inside the kernel depends on how it is further attached to a given kernel " "subsystem after it was loaded via B()." msgstr "" "Généralement, les programmes eBPF sont chargés par le processus de " "l'utilisateur et déchargés automatiquement quand le processus se termine. " "Dans certains cas, par exemple B(8), le programme restera en vie " "dans le noyau même après que le processus qui l'a chargé est fini. Dans ce " "cas, le sous-système B garde une référence au programme eBPF après que " "le descripteur de fichier est fermé par le programme de l'espace " "utilisateur. Ainsi, la survie d'un programme spécifique dans le noyau dépend " "de la manière dont il a été rattaché à un sous-système donné du noyau après " "qu'il a été chargé par B()." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Each eBPF program is a set of instructions that is safe to run until its " "completion. An in-kernel verifier statically determines that the eBPF " "program terminates and is safe to execute. During verification, the kernel " "increments reference counts for each of the maps that the eBPF program uses, " "so that the attached maps can't be removed until the program is unloaded." msgstr "" "Chaque programme eBPF est un ensemble d'instructions qu'on peut exécuter en " "sécurité jusqu'à leur fin. Un vérificateur interne au noyau détermine de " "manière statique ce que le programme eBPF interrompt et s'il peut être " "exécuté en toute sécurité. Pendant la vérification, le noyau ajoute un " "numéro de référence de manière incrémentale pour chacune des mappes " "utilisées par le programme eBPF, si bien que les mappes qui y sont " "rattachées ne peuvent pas être supprimées avant que le programme soit " "déchargé." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "eBPF programs can be attached to different events. These events can be the " "arrival of network packets, tracing events, classification events by network " "queueing disciplines (for eBPF programs attached to a B(8) classifier), " "and other types that may be added in the future. A new event triggers " "execution of the eBPF program, which may store information about the event " "in eBPF maps. Beyond storing data, eBPF programs may call a fixed set of in-" "kernel helper functions." msgstr "" "Les programmes eBPF peuvent être rattachés à différents événements. Ces " "événements peuvent être l'arrivée de paquets réseaux, le traçage " "d'événements, la classification d'événements en disciplines de files " "d'attente réseau (pour les programmes eBPF rattachés à un classificateur " "B(8)), et d'autres types qui pourront être ajoutés dans le futur. Un " "nouvel événement provoque l'exécution d'un programme eBPF, qui peut stocker " "des informations sur l’évènement dans des mappes eBPF. Par-delà les données " "stockées, les programmes eBPF peuvent appeler un ensemble fixé de fonctions " "d'aide internes au noyau." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The same eBPF program can be attached to multiple events and different eBPF " "programs can access the same map:" msgstr "" "Un même programme eBPF peut être rattaché à plusieurs événements (évt) et " "divers programmes eBPF peuvent accéder à la même mappe :" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "" "tracing tracing tracing packet packet packet\n" "event A event B event C on eth0 on eth1 on eth2\n" " | | | | | \\[ha]\n" " | | | | v |\n" " --E tracing E-- tracing socket tc ingress tc egress\n" " prog_1 prog_2 prog_3 classifier action\n" " | | | | prog_4 prog_5\n" " |--- -----| |------| map_3 | |\n" " map_1 map_2 --| map_4 |--\n" msgstr "" "traçage traçage traçage paquet paquet paquet\n" " évt A évt B évt C sur eth0 sur eth1 sur eth2\n" " | | | | | \\[ha]\n" " | | | | v |\n" " --E traçage E-- traçage socket tc ingress tc egress\n" " prog_1 prog_2 prog_3 classifieur action\n" " | | | | prog_4 prog_5\n" " |--- -----| |------| mappe_3 | |\n" " mappe_1 mappe_2 --| mappe_4 |--\n" #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Arguments" msgstr "Argument" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The operation to be performed by the B() system call is determined by " "the I argument. Each operation takes an accompanying argument, " "provided via I, which is a pointer to a union of type I (see " "below). The unused fields and padding must be zeroed out before the call. " "The I argument is the size of the union pointed to by I." msgstr "" "L'opération à effectuer par l'appel système B() est déterminée par le " "paramètre I. Chaque opération prend un paramètre, fourni par I, " "qui est un pointeur vers une union de type I (voir ci-dessous). " "Les champs inutilisés et de remplissage doivent être mis à zéro avant " "l'appel. Le paramètre I est la taille de l'union vers laquelle pointe " "I." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "The value provided in I is one of the following:" msgstr "La valeur fournie dans I est une parmi :" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "B" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Create a map and return a file descriptor that refers to the map. The close-" "on-exec file descriptor flag (see B(2)) is automatically enabled for " "the new file descriptor." msgstr "" "Créer une mappe et renvoyer un descripteur de fichier qui s'y rapporte. Le " "drapeau de descripteur de fichier I (voir B(2)) est " "automatiquement activé pour le nouveau descripteur de fichier." #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "B" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Look up an element by key in a specified map and return its value." msgstr "" "Chercher un élément par clé dans une mappe spécifiée et renvoyer sa valeur." #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "B" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Create or update an element (key/value pair) in a specified map." msgstr "" "Créer ou mettre à jour un élément (paire clé/valeur) dans une mappe " "spécifiée." #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "B" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Look up and delete an element by key in a specified map." msgstr "Chercher et effacer un élément par clé dans une mappe spécifiée." #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "B" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Look up an element by key in a specified map and return the key of the next " "element." msgstr "" "Chercher un élément par clé dans une mappe spécifiée et renvoyer la clé de " "l'élément suivant." #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "B" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Verify and load an eBPF program, returning a new file descriptor associated " "with the program. The close-on-exec file descriptor flag (see B(2)) " "is automatically enabled for the new file descriptor." msgstr "" "Vérifier et charger un programme eBPF, en renvoyant un nouveau descripteur " "de fichier associé au programme. Le drapeau de descripteur de fichier " "I (voir B(2)) est activé automatiquement pour le " "nouveau descripteur de fichier." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The I union consists of various anonymous structures that are used " "by different B() commands:" msgstr "" "L'union I consiste dans diverses structures anonymes utilisées par " "différentes commandes B() :" #. commit 2541517c32be2531e0da59dfd7efc1ce844644f5 #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #: opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "" "union bpf_attr {\n" " struct { /* Used by BPF_MAP_CREATE */\n" " __u32 map_type;\n" " __u32 key_size; /* size of key in bytes */\n" " __u32 value_size; /* size of value in bytes */\n" " __u32 max_entries; /* maximum number of entries\n" " in a map */\n" " };\n" "\\&\n" " struct { /* Used by BPF_MAP_*_ELEM and BPF_MAP_GET_NEXT_KEY\n" " commands */\n" " __u32 map_fd;\n" " __aligned_u64 key;\n" " union {\n" " __aligned_u64 value;\n" " __aligned_u64 next_key;\n" " };\n" " __u64 flags;\n" " };\n" "\\&\n" " struct { /* Used by BPF_PROG_LOAD */\n" " __u32 prog_type;\n" " __u32 insn_cnt;\n" " __aligned_u64 insns; /* \\[aq]const struct bpf_insn *\\[aq] */\n" " __aligned_u64 license; /* \\[aq]const char *\\[aq] */\n" " __u32 log_level; /* verbosity level of verifier */\n" " __u32 log_size; /* size of user buffer */\n" " __aligned_u64 log_buf; /* user supplied \\[aq]char *\\[aq]\n" " buffer */\n" " __u32 kern_version;\n" " /* checked when prog_type=kprobe\n" " (since Linux 4.1) */\n" " };\n" "} __attribute__((aligned(8)));\n" msgstr "" "union bpf_attr {\n" " struct { /* Utilisé par BPF_MAP_CREATE */\n" " __u32 map_type;\n" " __u32 key_size; /* taille de la clé en octets */\n" " __u32 value_size; /* taille de la valeur en octets */\n" " __u32 max_entries; /* nombre maximal d'entrées\n" " dans une mappe */\n" " };\n" "\\&\n" " struct { /* Utilisé par les commandes BPF_MAP_*_ELEM et\n" " BPF_MAP_GET_NEXT_KEY */\n" " __u32 map_fd;\n" " __aligned_u64 key;\n" " union {\n" " __aligned_u64 value;\n" " __aligned_u64 next_key;\n" " };\n" " __u64 flags;\n" " };\n" "\\&\n" " struct { /* Utilisé par BPF_PROG_LOAD */\n" " __u32 prog_type;\n" " __u32 insn_cnt;\n" " __aligned_u64 insns; /* \\[aq]const struct bpf_insn *\\[aq] */\n" " __aligned_u64 license; /* \\[aq]const char *\\[aq] */\n" " __u32 log_level; /* niveau de bavardage du vérificateur */\n" " __u32 log_size; /* taille du tampon utilisateur */\n" " __aligned_u64 log_buf; /* l'utilisateur a fourni \\[aq]char *\\[aq]\n" " de tampon */\n" " __u32 kern_version;\n" " /* vérifier quand prog_type=kprobe\n" " (depuis Linux 4.1) */\n" " };\n" "} __attribute__((aligned(8)));\n" #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "eBPF maps" msgstr "mappes eBPF" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Maps are a generic data structure for storage of different types of data. " "They allow sharing of data between eBPF kernel programs, and also between " "kernel and user-space applications." msgstr "" "Les mappes sont des structures de données génériques pour stocker différents " "types de données. Elles permettent de partager des données entre des " "programmes eBPF du noyau, mais aussi entre les applications du noyau et de " "l'espace utilisateur." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Each map type has the following attributes:" msgstr "Chaque type de mappe a les attributs suivants :" #. type: IP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "\\[bu]" msgstr "-" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "type" msgstr "type" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "maximum number of elements" msgstr "nombre maximal d'éléments" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "key size in bytes" msgstr "taille de la clé en octets" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "value size in bytes" msgstr "valeur de la clé en octets" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The following wrapper functions demonstrate how various B() commands " "can be used to access the maps. The functions use the I argument to " "invoke different operations." msgstr "" "Les fonctions enveloppe suivantes montrent la manière dont diverses " "commandes B() peuvent être utilisées pour accéder aux mappes. Les " "fonctions utilisent le paramètre I pour appeler différentes opérations." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The B command creates a new map, returning a new file " "descriptor that refers to the map." msgstr "" "La commande B crée une nouvelle mappe, renvoyant un nouveau " "descripteur de fichier qui s'y rapporte." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #: opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "" "int\n" "bpf_create_map(enum bpf_map_type map_type,\n" " unsigned int key_size,\n" " unsigned int value_size,\n" " unsigned int max_entries)\n" "{\n" " union bpf_attr attr = {\n" " .map_type = map_type,\n" " .key_size = key_size,\n" " .value_size = value_size,\n" " .max_entries = max_entries\n" " };\n" "\\&\n" " return bpf(BPF_MAP_CREATE, &attr, sizeof(attr));\n" "}\n" msgstr "" "int\n" "bpf_create_map(enum bpf_map_type map_type,\n" " unsigned int key_size,\n" " unsigned int value_size,\n" " unsigned int max_entries)\n" "{\n" " union bpf_attr attr = {\n" " .map_type = map_type,\n" " .key_size = key_size,\n" " .value_size = value_size,\n" " .max_entries = max_entries\n" " };\n" "\\&\n" " return bpf(BPF_MAP_CREATE, &attr, sizeof(attr));\n" "}\n" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The new map has the type specified by I, and attributes as " "specified in I, I, and I. On success, " "this operation returns a file descriptor. On error, -1 is returned and " "I is set to B, B, or B." msgstr "" "La nouvelle mappe possède le type indiqué avec I et les attributs " "indiqués dans I, I et I. En cas de " "succès, cette opération renvoie un descripteur de fichier. En cas d'erreur, " "B<-1> est renvoyé et I est positionné sur B, B ou " "B." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The I and I attributes will be used by the verifier " "during program loading to check that the program is calling " "B() helper functions with a correctly initialized I " "and to check that the program doesn't access the map element I beyond " "the specified I. For example, when a map is created with a " "I of 8 and the eBPF program calls" msgstr "" "Les attributs I et I seront utilisés par le " "vérificateur lors du chargement du programme pour vérifier que le programme " "appelle les fonctions d'aide B() avec une I " "correctement initialisée et pour vérifier que le programme n'accède pas à " "une I de l'élément de la mappe au-delà de la I indiquée. " "Par exemple, quand une mappe est créée avec I de B<8> et que le " "programme eBPF appelle un" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "bpf_map_lookup_elem(map_fd, fp - 4)\n" msgstr "bpf_map_lookup_elem(map_fd, fp - 4)\n" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "the program will be rejected, since the in-kernel helper function" msgstr "le programme sera rejeté, puisque la fonction d'aide du noyau" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "bpf_map_lookup_elem(map_fd, void *key)\n" msgstr "bpf_map_lookup_elem(map_fd, void *key)\n" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "expects to read 8 bytes from the location pointed to by I, but the " "I (where I is the top of the stack) starting address will " "cause out-of-bounds stack access." msgstr "" "s'attend à lire 8 octets à l'endroit où pointe I, mais l'adresse de " "départ I (où I est le haut de la pile) crée un accès de la " "pile hors limites." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Similarly, when a map is created with a I of 1 and the eBPF " "program contains" msgstr "" "De même, lorsqu'une mappe est créée avec une I de B<1> et que le " "programme eBPF contient" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "" "value = bpf_map_lookup_elem(...);\n" "*(u32 *) value = 1;\n" msgstr "" "value = bpf_map_lookup_elem(...);\n" "*(u32 *) value = 1;\n" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "the program will be rejected, since it accesses the I pointer beyond " "the specified 1 byte I limit." msgstr "" "le programme sera rejeté puisqu'il accède au pointeur I au-delà de la " "la limite I d’un octet spécifiée." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Currently, the following values are supported for I:" msgstr "" "Actuellement, les valeurs suivantes sont prises en charge par I :" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "" "enum bpf_map_type {\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_UNSPEC, /* Reserve 0 as invalid map type */\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_PROG_ARRAY,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERF_EVENT_ARRAY,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_HASH,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_STACK_TRACE,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_CGROUP_ARRAY,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_LRU_HASH,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_LRU_PERCPU_HASH,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_LPM_TRIE,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY_OF_MAPS,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH_OF_MAPS,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_DEVMAP,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_SOCKMAP,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_CPUMAP,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_XSKMAP,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_SOCKHASH,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_CGROUP_STORAGE,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_REUSEPORT_SOCKARRAY,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_CGROUP_STORAGE,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_QUEUE,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_STACK,\n" " /* See /usr/include/linux/bpf.h for the full list. */\n" "};\n" msgstr "" "enum bpf_map_type {\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_UNSPEC, /* Réserver 0 comme type de mappe non valable */\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_PROG_ARRAY,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERF_EVENT_ARRAY,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_HASH,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_STACK_TRACE,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_CGROUP_ARRAY,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_LRU_HASH,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_LRU_PERCPU_HASH,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_LPM_TRIE,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY_OF_MAPS,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH_OF_MAPS,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_DEVMAP,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_SOCKMAP,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_CPUMAP,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_XSKMAP,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_SOCKHASH,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_CGROUP_STORAGE,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_REUSEPORT_SOCKARRAY,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_CGROUP_STORAGE,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_QUEUE,\n" " BPF_MAP_TYPE_STACK,\n" " /* Voir /usr/include/linux/bpf.h pour la liste complète. */\n" "};\n" #. FIXME We need an explanation of why one might choose each of #. these map implementations #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "I selects one of the available map implementations in the kernel. " "For all map types, eBPF programs access maps with the same " "B() and B() helper functions. " "Further details of the various map types are given below." msgstr "" "I sélectionne une des implémentations de mappe disponibles dans le " "noyau. Pour tous les types de mappe, les programmes eBPF accèdent aux mappes " "avec les mêmes fonctions d'aide B() et " "B(). Vous trouverez ci-dessous plus de détails sur les " "différents types de mappes." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The B command looks up an element with a given I " "in the map referred to by the file descriptor I." msgstr "" "La commande B cherche un élément avec une I donnée " "dans la mappe à laquelle se rapporte le descripteur de fichier I." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #: opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "" "int\n" "bpf_lookup_elem(int fd, const void *key, void *value)\n" "{\n" " union bpf_attr attr = {\n" " .map_fd = fd,\n" " .key = ptr_to_u64(key),\n" " .value = ptr_to_u64(value),\n" " };\n" "\\&\n" " return bpf(BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_ELEM, &attr, sizeof(attr));\n" "}\n" msgstr "" "int\n" "bpf_lookup_elem(int fd, const void *key, void *value)\n" "{\n" " union bpf_attr attr = {\n" " .map_fd = fd,\n" " .key = ptr_to_u64(key),\n" " .value = ptr_to_u64(value),\n" " };\n" "\\&\n" " return bpf(BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_ELEM, &attr, sizeof(attr));\n" "}\n" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "If an element is found, the operation returns zero and stores the element's " "value into I, which must point to a buffer of I bytes." msgstr "" "Si un élément est trouvé, l'opération renvoie zéro et stocke la valeur de " "l'élément dans I, qui doit pointer vers un tampon de I " "octets." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "If no element is found, the operation returns -1 and sets I to " "B." msgstr "" "Si aucun élément n'est trouvé, l'opération renvoie B<-1> et I est " "positionné sur B." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The B command creates or updates an element with a " "given I in the map referred to by the file descriptor I." msgstr "" "La commande B crée ou met à jour un élément avec une " "I donnée dans la mappe à laquelle se rapporte le descripteur de " "fichier I." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #: opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "" "int\n" "bpf_update_elem(int fd, const void *key, const void *value,\n" " uint64_t flags)\n" "{\n" " union bpf_attr attr = {\n" " .map_fd = fd,\n" " .key = ptr_to_u64(key),\n" " .value = ptr_to_u64(value),\n" " .flags = flags,\n" " };\n" "\\&\n" " return bpf(BPF_MAP_UPDATE_ELEM, &attr, sizeof(attr));\n" "}\n" msgstr "" "int\n" "bpf_update_elem(int fd, const void *key, const void *value,\n" " uint64_t flags)\n" "{\n" " union bpf_attr attr = {\n" " .map_fd = fd,\n" " .key = ptr_to_u64(key),\n" " .value = ptr_to_u64(value),\n" " .flags = flags,\n" " };\n" "\\&\n" " return bpf(BPF_MAP_UPDATE_ELEM, &attr, sizeof(attr));\n" "}\n" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "The I argument should be specified as one of the following:" msgstr "" "Le paramètre I devrait être formé d'une des manières suivantes :" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "B" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Create a new element or update an existing element." msgstr "Créer un nouvel élément ou mettre à jour un élément existant." #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "B" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Create a new element only if it did not exist." msgstr "Créer un nouvel élément seulement s'il n'existe pas." #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "B" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Update an existing element." msgstr "Mettre à jour un élément existant." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "On success, the operation returns zero. On error, -1 is returned and " "I is set to B, B, B, or B. B " "indicates that the number of elements in the map reached the I " "limit specified at map creation time. B will be returned if " "I specifies B and the element with I already exists " "in the map. B will be returned if I specifies B " "and the element with I doesn't exist in the map." msgstr "" "En cas de succès, l'opération renvoie zéro. En cas d'erreur, B<-1> est " "renvoyé et I est positionné sur B, B, B ou " "B. B indique que le nombre d'éléments de la mappe a atteint " "la limite I spécifiée au moment de la création de la mappe. " "B sera renvoyé si I spécifie B et si l'élément " "contenant I existe déjà sur la mappe. B sera renvoyé si " "I spécifie B et si l'élément contenant I n'existe pas " "sur la mappe." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The B command deletes the element whose key is I " "from the map referred to by the file descriptor I." msgstr "" "La commande B efface l'élément dont la clé est I " "sur la mappe à laquelle se rapporte le descripteur de fichier I." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #: opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "" "int\n" "bpf_delete_elem(int fd, const void *key)\n" "{\n" " union bpf_attr attr = {\n" " .map_fd = fd,\n" " .key = ptr_to_u64(key),\n" " };\n" "\\&\n" " return bpf(BPF_MAP_DELETE_ELEM, &attr, sizeof(attr));\n" "}\n" msgstr "" "int\n" "bpf_delete_elem(int fd, const void *key)\n" "{\n" " union bpf_attr attr = {\n" " .map_fd = fd,\n" " .key = ptr_to_u64(key),\n" " };\n" "\\&\n" " return bpf(BPF_MAP_DELETE_ELEM, &attr, sizeof(attr));\n" "}\n" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "On success, zero is returned. If the element is not found, -1 is returned " "and I is set to B." msgstr "" "S'il réussit, cet appel système renvoie B<0>. Si l'élément n'est pas trouvé, " "B<-1> est renvoyé et I est positionné sur B." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The B command looks up an element by I in the map " "referred to by the file descriptor I and sets the I pointer to " "the key of the next element." msgstr "" "La commande B recherche un élément par I sur la " "mappe à laquelle se réfère le descripteur de fichier I et elle définit " "le pointeur I vers la clé du prochain élément." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #: opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "" "int\n" "bpf_get_next_key(int fd, const void *key, void *next_key)\n" "{\n" " union bpf_attr attr = {\n" " .map_fd = fd,\n" " .key = ptr_to_u64(key),\n" " .next_key = ptr_to_u64(next_key),\n" " };\n" "\\&\n" " return bpf(BPF_MAP_GET_NEXT_KEY, &attr, sizeof(attr));\n" "}\n" msgstr "" "int\n" "bpf_get_next_key(int fd, const void *key, void *next_key)\n" "{\n" " union bpf_attr attr = {\n" " .map_fd = fd,\n" " .key = ptr_to_u64(key),\n" " .next_key = ptr_to_u64(next_key),\n" " };\n" "\\&\n" " return bpf(BPF_MAP_GET_NEXT_KEY, &attr, sizeof(attr));\n" "}\n" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "If I is found, the operation returns zero and sets the I " "pointer to the key of the next element. If I is not found, the " "operation returns zero and sets the I pointer to the key of the " "first element. If I is the last element, -1 is returned and I " "is set to B. Other possible I values are B, " "B, B, and B. This method can be used to iterate over " "all elements in the map." msgstr "" "Si I est trouvée, l'opération renvoie zéro et I pointe vers " "la clé de l'élément suivant. Si I n'est pas trouvée, l'opération " "renvoie zéro et I pointe vers la clé du premier élément. Si I " "est le dernier élément, B<-1> est renvoyé et I est positionné sur " "B. Les autres valeurs possibles de I sont B, " "B, B et B. Cette méthode peut être utilisée pour " "itérer entre tous les éléments d'une mappe." #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "B" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Delete the map referred to by the file descriptor I. When the user-" "space program that created a map exits, all maps will be deleted " "automatically (but see NOTES)." msgstr "" "Effacer la mappe à laquelle se réfère le descripteur de fichier I. " "Quand le programme de l'espace utilisateur ayant créé la mappe se termine, " "toutes les mappes sont effacées automatiquement (mais voir REMARQUES)." #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "eBPF map types" msgstr "Types de mappe eBPF" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "The following map types are supported:" msgstr "Les types de mappe suivants sont pris en charge :" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "B" #. commit 0f8e4bd8a1fc8c4185f1630061d0a1f2d197a475 #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Hash-table maps have the following characteristics:" msgstr "" "Les mappes table de hachage (hash-table) présentent les caractéristiques " "suivantes :" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Maps are created and destroyed by user-space programs. Both user-space and " "eBPF programs can perform lookup, update, and delete operations." msgstr "" "Les mappes sont créées et détruites par les programmes dans l'espace " "utilisateur. Tant les programmes eBPF que ceux de l'espace utilisateur " "peuvent effectuer des opérations de recherche, de mise à jour et " "d'effacement." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "The kernel takes care of allocating and freeing key/value pairs." msgstr "Le noyau se charge d'allouer et de libérer les paires clé/valeur." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The B() helper will fail to insert new element when the " "I limit is reached. (This ensures that eBPF programs cannot " "exhaust memory.)" msgstr "" "L'aide B() échouera si vous insérez un nouvel élément quand " "la limite I est atteinte (cela garantit que les programmes eBPF " "ne peuvent pas épuiser la mémoire)." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "B() replaces existing elements atomically." msgstr "B() remplace atomiquement les éléments existants." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Hash-table maps are optimized for speed of lookup." msgstr "" "Les mappes table de hachage (hash-table) sont optimisées pour accélérer la " "recherche." #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "B" #. commit 28fbcfa08d8ed7c5a50d41a0433aad222835e8e3 #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Array maps have the following characteristics:" msgstr "Les mappes tableau (array) présentent les caractéristiques suivantes :" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Optimized for fastest possible lookup. In the future the verifier/JIT " "compiler may recognize lookup() operations that employ a constant key and " "optimize it into constant pointer. It is possible to optimize a non-" "constant key into direct pointer arithmetic as well, since pointers and " "I are constant for the life of the eBPF program. In other " "words, B() may be 'inlined' by the verifier/JIT " "compiler while preserving concurrent access to this map from user space." msgstr "" "Elles sont optimisées pour une recherche plus rapide. À l'avenir, le " "compilateur du vérificateur/JIT pourrait reconnaître les opérations " "B() qui utilisent une clé constante et l'optimiser dans un pointeur " "constant. Il est également possible d'optimiser une clé non constante dans " "un pointeur arithmétique direct, car les pointeurs et les I sont " "constants durant toute la vie des programmes eBPF. En d'autres termes, " "B() peut être mise « inline » par le compilateur du " "vérificateur/JIT tout en préservant l'accès concurrent à cette mappe à " "partir de l'espace utilisateur." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "All array elements pre-allocated and zero initialized at init time" msgstr "" "Tous les éléments du tableau sont préalloués et initialisés à zéro au moment " "de l'initialisation" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "The key is an array index, and must be exactly four bytes." msgstr "" "La clé est un indice de tableau et doit être exactement de quatre octets." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "B() fails with the error B, since elements cannot " "be deleted." msgstr "" "B() échoue avec l'erreur B, car les éléments ne " "peuvent pas être effacés." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "B() replaces elements in a B fashion; for " "atomic updates, a hash-table map should be used instead. There is however " "one special case that can also be used with arrays: the atomic built-in " "B<__sync_fetch_and_add()> can be used on 32 and 64 bit atomic counters. For " "example, it can be applied on the whole value itself if it represents a " "single counter, or in case of a structure containing multiple counters, it " "could be used on individual counters. This is quite often useful for " "aggregation and accounting of events." msgstr "" "B() remplace les éléments de manière B ; pour " "des mises à jour atomiques, vous devriez plutôt utiliser une mappe table de " "hachage (hash-table). Toutefois, il existe un cas particulier qui peut aussi " "être utilisé avec les tableaux : le B<__sync_fetch_and_add()> interne " "atomique peut être utilisé sur des compteurs atomiques en 32 ou 64 bits. Par " "exemple, il peut s'appliquer sur la valeur entière si elle représente un " "compteur unique ou, si une structure contient plusieurs compteurs, il " "pourrait être utilisé sur des compteurs individuels. Cela est très souvent " "utile pour agréger et compter des événements." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Among the uses for array maps are the following:" msgstr "Voici quelques cas d'usage des mappes tableau (array) :" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "As \"global\" eBPF variables: an array of 1 element whose key is (index) 0 " "and where the value is a collection of 'global' variables which eBPF " "programs can use to keep state between events." msgstr "" "Sous forme de variables eBPF « globales » : un tableau d’un élément dont la " "clé (indice) est B<0> et dont la valeur est un ensemble de variables " "« globales » que les programmes eBPF peuvent utiliser pour conserver leur " "état entre les événements." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Aggregation of tracing events into a fixed set of buckets." msgstr "" "Agrégation d'événements de traçage dans un ensemble fixe de « buckets »." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Accounting of networking events, for example, number of packets and packet " "sizes." msgstr "" "Comptabilité des événements réseaux, par exemple le nombre de paquets et " "leur taille." #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B (since Linux 4.2)" msgstr "B (depuis Linux 4.2)" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "A program array map is a special kind of array map whose map values contain " "only file descriptors referring to other eBPF programs. Thus, both the " "I and I must be exactly four bytes. This map is used " "in conjunction with the B() helper." msgstr "" "Une mappe tableau de programmes est un type spécial de mappe tableau dont " "les valeurs ne contiennent que des descripteurs de fichier qui se rapportent " "à d'autres programmes eBPF. Ainsi, tant I que I " "doivent être d'exactement quatre octets. Cette mappe est utilisée en " "association avec l'aide B()." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "This means that an eBPF program with a program array map attached to it can " "call from kernel side into" msgstr "" "Cela signifie qu'un programme eBPF auquel est rattaché un tableau de " "programmes (program array) peut appeler à partir du noyau" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "" "void bpf_tail_call(void *context, void *prog_map,\n" " unsigned int index);\n" msgstr "" "void bpf_tail_call(void *context, void *prog_map,\n" " unsigned int index);\n" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "and therefore replace its own program flow with the one from the program at " "the given program array slot, if present. This can be regarded as kind of a " "jump table to a different eBPF program. The invoked program will then reuse " "the same stack. When a jump into the new program has been performed, it " "won't return to the old program anymore." msgstr "" "et donc remplacer le flux de son propre programme par celui du programme sur " "la tranche du tableau de programmes donné s'il y en a un. Vous pouvez " "considérer cela comme un saut de tableau vers un autre programme eBPF. Le " "programme appelé réutilisera ensuite la même pile. Quand un saut vers un " "nouveau programme a été fait, il ne renverra plus à l'ancien programme." #. MAX_TAIL_CALL_CNT #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "If no eBPF program is found at the given index of the program array (because " "the map slot doesn't contain a valid program file descriptor, the specified " "lookup index/key is out of bounds, or the limit of 32 nested calls has been " "exceed), execution continues with the current eBPF program. This can be " "used as a fall-through for default cases." msgstr "" "Si aucun programme eBPF n'est trouvé sur l'indice donné du tableau de " "programmes (car la tranche de la mappe ne contient pas de descripteur de " "fichier de programme valable, la recherche d'indice/clé indiquée dépasse la " "plage ou la limite de 32 appels en interne a été dépassée), l'exécution " "continue avec le programme eBPF actuel. Cela peut être utilisé comme " "solution de repli pour les cas par défaut." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "A program array map is useful, for example, in tracing or networking, to " "handle individual system calls or protocols in their own subprograms and use " "their identifiers as an individual map index. This approach may result in " "performance benefits, and also makes it possible to overcome the maximum " "instruction limit of a single eBPF program. In dynamic environments, a user-" "space daemon might atomically replace individual subprograms at run-time " "with newer versions to alter overall program behavior, for instance, if " "global policies change." msgstr "" "Une mappe tableau de programmes sert, par exemple, à tracer ou mettre en " "réseau, à gérer des appels système individuels ou des protocoles dans leurs " "propres sous-programmes et à utiliser leurs identifiants comme identifiant " "individuel de mappe. Cette approche peut apporter des gains de performance " "et permet de dépasser la limite du nombre d'instructions d'un programme " "eBPF. Dans des environnements dynamiques, un démon de l'espace utilisateur " "pourrait remplacer de manière atomique des sous-programmes au moment de leur " "exécution par de nouvelles versions, pour modifier le comportement général " "d'un programme, par exemple, si les règles globales changent." #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "eBPF programs" msgstr "Programmes eBPF" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The B command is used to load an eBPF program into the " "kernel. The return value for this command is a new file descriptor " "associated with this eBPF program." msgstr "" "La commande B est utilisée pour charger un programme eBPF " "dans le noyau. Le code de retour de cette commande est un nouveau " "descripteur de fichier associé à ce programme eBPF." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #: opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "" "char bpf_log_buf[LOG_BUF_SIZE];\n" "\\&\n" "int\n" "bpf_prog_load(enum bpf_prog_type type,\n" " const struct bpf_insn *insns, int insn_cnt,\n" " const char *license)\n" "{\n" " union bpf_attr attr = {\n" " .prog_type = type,\n" " .insns = ptr_to_u64(insns),\n" " .insn_cnt = insn_cnt,\n" " .license = ptr_to_u64(license),\n" " .log_buf = ptr_to_u64(bpf_log_buf),\n" " .log_size = LOG_BUF_SIZE,\n" " .log_level = 1,\n" " };\n" "\\&\n" " return bpf(BPF_PROG_LOAD, &attr, sizeof(attr));\n" "}\n" msgstr "" "char bpf_log_buf[LOG_BUF_SIZE];\n" "\\&\n" "int\n" "bpf_prog_load(enum bpf_prog_type type,\n" " const struct bpf_insn *insns, int insn_cnt,\n" " const char *license)\n" "{\n" " union bpf_attr attr = {\n" " .prog_type = type,\n" " .insns = ptr_to_u64(insns),\n" " .insn_cnt = insn_cnt,\n" " .license = ptr_to_u64(license),\n" " .log_buf = ptr_to_u64(bpf_log_buf),\n" " .log_size = LOG_BUF_SIZE,\n" " .log_level = 1,\n" " };\n" "\\&\n" " return bpf(BPF_PROG_LOAD, &attr, sizeof(attr));\n" "}\n" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "I is one of the available program types:" msgstr "I est un des types de programme suivants :" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "" "enum bpf_prog_type {\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_UNSPEC, /* Reserve 0 as invalid\n" " program type */\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCKET_FILTER,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_KPROBE,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_SCHED_CLS,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_SCHED_ACT,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_TRACEPOINT,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_XDP,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_PERF_EVENT,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SKB,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_IN,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_OUT,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_XMIT,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCK_OPS,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_SKB,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_DEVICE,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_MSG,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_RAW_TRACEPOINT,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK_ADDR,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_SEG6LOCAL,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_LIRC_MODE2,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_REUSEPORT,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_FLOW_DISSECTOR,\n" " /* See /usr/include/linux/bpf.h for the full list. */\n" "};\n" msgstr "" "enum bpf_prog_type {\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_UNSPEC, /* Réserver 0 comme type de programme\n" " non valable */\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCKET_FILTER,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_KPROBE,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_SCHED_CLS,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_SCHED_ACT,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_TRACEPOINT,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_XDP,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_PERF_EVENT,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SKB,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_IN,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_OUT,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_XMIT,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCK_OPS,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_SKB,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_DEVICE,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_MSG,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_RAW_TRACEPOINT,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK_ADDR,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_SEG6LOCAL,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_LIRC_MODE2,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_REUSEPORT,\n" " BPF_PROG_TYPE_FLOW_DISSECTOR,\n" " /* Voir /usr/include/linux/bpf.h pour la liste complète. */\n" "};\n" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "For further details of eBPF program types, see below." msgstr "Pour plus de détails sur le type de programme eBPF, voir ci-dessous." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "The remaining fields of I are set as follows:" msgstr "Les autres champs de I sont définis comme suit :" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "I is an array of I instructions." msgstr "I est un tableau d'instructions I." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "I is the number of instructions in the program referred to by " "I." msgstr "" "I est le nombre d'instructions du programme auquel se rapporte " "I." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "I is a license string, which must be GPL compatible to call helper " "functions marked I. (The licensing rules are the same as for " "kernel modules, so that also dual licenses, such as \"Dual BSD/GPL\", may be " "used.)" msgstr "" "I est une chaîne de licence, qui doit être compatible GPL pour " "appeler les fonctions d'aide marquées comme I (les règles de " "licence sont les mêmes que celles pour les modules du noyau, pour que même " "des licences duales, telles que « Dual BSD/GPL », puissent être utilisées)." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "I is a pointer to a caller-allocated buffer in which the in-kernel " "verifier can store the verification log. This log is a multi-line string " "that can be checked by the program author in order to understand how the " "verifier came to the conclusion that the eBPF program is unsafe. The format " "of the output can change at any time as the verifier evolves." msgstr "" "I est un pointeur vers un tampon alloué à l’appelant (caller-" "allocated) où le vérificateur du noyau peut stocker le journal de sa " "vérification. Ce journal est une chaîne de plusieurs lignes qui peut être " "vérifiée par l'auteur du programme pour comprendre la manière par laquelle " "le vérificateur est arrivé à la conclusion que le programme eBPF n'est pas " "sûr. Le format de sortie peut changer n'importe quand puisque le " "vérificateur évolue." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "I size of the buffer pointed to by I. If the size of the " "buffer is not large enough to store all verifier messages, -1 is returned " "and I is set to B." msgstr "" "I dimensionne le tampon vers lequel pointe I. Si la " "taille du tampon n'est pas assez grande pour stocker tous les messages du " "vérificateur, B<-1> est renvoyé et I est positionné sur B." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #: opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "I verbosity level of the verifier. A value of zero means that " "the verifier will not provide a log; in this case, I must be a null " "pointer, and I must be zero." msgstr "" "Le niveau de précisions I du vérificateur. Une valeur de zéro " "signifie que le vérificateur ne génèrera aucun journal ; dans ce cas " "I doit être un pointeur NULL et I doit valoir zéro." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Applying B(2) to the file descriptor returned by B " "will unload the eBPF program (but see NOTES)." msgstr "" "Le fait d'appliquer B(2) au descripteur de fichier renvoyé par " "B déchargera le programme eBPF (mais voir les REMARQUES)." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Maps are accessible from eBPF programs and are used to exchange data between " "eBPF programs and between eBPF programs and user-space programs. For " "example, eBPF programs can process various events (like kprobe, packets) and " "store their data into a map, and user-space programs can then fetch data " "from the map. Conversely, user-space programs can use a map as a " "configuration mechanism, populating the map with values checked by the eBPF " "program, which then modifies its behavior on the fly according to those " "values." msgstr "" "Les mappes sont accessibles à partir des programmes eBPF et elles sont " "utilisées pour échanger des données entre des programmes eBPF et entre des " "programmes eBPF et d'autres de l'espace utilisateur. Par exemple, des " "programmes eBPF peuvent traiter divers événements (comme kprobe, packets) et " "stocker leurs données dans une mappe, et les programmes de l'espace " "utilisateur peuvent alors récupérer ces données dans la mappe. Inversement, " "des programmes de l'espace utilisateur peuvent utiliser une mappe en tant " "que mécanisme de configuration, la mappe étant peuplée par des valeurs " "vérifiées par le programme eBPF qui modifie ensuite son comportement à la " "volée en fonction de ces valeurs. " #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "eBPF program types" msgstr "Types de programme eBPF" # #. FIXME #. Somewhere in this page we need a general introduction to the #. bpf_context. For example, how does a BPF program access the #. context? #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The eBPF program type (I) determines the subset of kernel helper " "functions that the program may call. The program type also determines the " "program input (context)\\[em]the format of I (which is " "the data blob passed into the eBPF program as the first argument)." msgstr "" "Le type de programme eBPF (I) détermine le sous-ensemble de " "fonctions d'aide du noyau que peut appeler le programme. Le type de " "programme détermine également le format d'entrée du programme (contexte) –" " le format de I (qui est le blob de données passé au " "programme eBPF en tant que premier paramètre)." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "For example, a tracing program does not have the exact same subset of helper " "functions as a socket filter program (though they may have some helpers in " "common). Similarly, the input (context) for a tracing program is a set of " "register values, while for a socket filter it is a network packet." msgstr "" "Par exemple, un programme de traçage n'a pas exactement le même sous-jeu de " "fonctions d'aide qu'un programme de filtrage de socket (bien qu'ils peuvent " "en avoir en commun). De même l'entrée (le contexte) d'un programme de " "traçage est un jeu de valeurs de registre, alors que ce sera un paquet " "réseau pour le filtrage de socket." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The set of functions available to eBPF programs of a given type may increase " "in the future." msgstr "" "Le jeu de fonctions disponibles pour les programmes eBPF d'un type donné " "pourra augmenter dans le futur." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "The following program types are supported:" msgstr "Les types de programmes suivants sont pris en charge :" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B (since Linux 3.19)" msgstr "B (depuis Linux 3.19)" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Currently, the set of functions for B is:" msgstr "" "Actuellement, le jeu de fonctions pour B est :" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "" "bpf_map_lookup_elem(map_fd, void *key)\n" " /* look up key in a map_fd */\n" "bpf_map_update_elem(map_fd, void *key, void *value)\n" " /* update key/value */\n" "bpf_map_delete_elem(map_fd, void *key)\n" " /* delete key in a map_fd */\n" msgstr "" "bpf_map_lookup_elem(map_fd, void *key)\n" " /* rechercher la clé dans une map_fd */\n" "bpf_map_update_elem(map_fd, void *key, void *value)\n" " /* mettre à jour la clé/valeur */\n" "bpf_map_delete_elem(map_fd, void *key)\n" " /* effacer la clé d'une map_fd */\n" # #. FIXME: We need some text here to explain how the program #. accesses __sk_buff. #. See 'struct __sk_buff' and commit 9bac3d6d548e5 #. Alexei commented: #. Actually now in case of SOCKET_FILTER, SCHED_CLS, SCHED_ACT #. the program can now access skb fields. #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "The I argument is a pointer to a I." msgstr "" "Le paramètre I est un pointeur vers une I." #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B (since Linux 4.1)" msgstr "B (depuis Linux 4.1)" #. commit 94caee8c312d96522bcdae88791aaa9ebcd5f22c #. commit a8cb5f556b567974d75ea29c15181c445c541b1f #. FIXME Document this program type #. Describe allowed helper functions for this program type #. Describe bpf_context for this program type #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "[To be documented]" msgstr "[À documenter]" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B (since Linux 4.1)" msgstr "B (depuis Linux 4.1)" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B (since Linux 4.1)" msgstr "B (depuis Linux 4.1)" #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Events" msgstr "Événements" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Once a program is loaded, it can be attached to an event. Various kernel " "subsystems have different ways to do so." msgstr "" "Une fois qu'un programme est chargé, il peut être rattaché à un événement. " "Divers sous-systèmes du noyau ont plusieurs manières de le faire." #. commit 89aa075832b0da4402acebd698d0411dcc82d03e #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Since Linux 3.19, the following call will attach the program I to " "the socket I, which was created by an earlier call to B(2):" msgstr "" "Depuis Linux 3.19, l'appel suivant rattachera le programme I au " "socket I, qui a été précédemment créé par un appel B(2) :" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "" "setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ATTACH_BPF,\n" " &prog_fd, sizeof(prog_fd));\n" msgstr "" "setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ATTACH_BPF,\n" " &prog_fd, sizeof(prog_fd));\n" #. commit 2541517c32be2531e0da59dfd7efc1ce844644f5 #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Since Linux 4.1, the following call may be used to attach the eBPF program " "referred to by the file descriptor I to a perf event file " "descriptor, I, that was created by a previous call to " "B(2):" msgstr "" "Depuis Linux 4.1, l'appel suivant peut être utilisé pour rattacher un " "programme eBPF auquel se rapporte le descripteur de fichier I à un " "descripteur de fichier d'événement I, I, créé par un appel " "précédent à B(2) :" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "ioctl(event_fd, PERF_EVENT_IOC_SET_BPF, prog_fd);\n" msgstr "ioctl(event_fd, PERF_EVENT_IOC_SET_BPF, prog_fd);\n" #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "RETURN VALUE" msgstr "VALEUR RENVOYÉE" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "For a successful call, the return value depends on the operation:" msgstr "" "Pour qu'un appel réussisse, le code de retour dépend de l'opération\\ :" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "The new file descriptor associated with the eBPF map." msgstr "Le nouveau descripteur de fichier associé à la mappe eBPF." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "The new file descriptor associated with the eBPF program." msgstr "Le nouveau descripteur de fichier associé au programme eBPF." #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "All other commands" msgstr "Toutes les autres commandes\\ :" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Zero." msgstr "Zéro." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "On error, -1 is returned, and I is set to indicate the error." msgstr "" "En cas d'erreur, la valeur de retour est B<-1> et I est définie pour " "préciser l'erreur." #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "ERRORS" msgstr "ERREURS" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "B" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The eBPF program is too large or a map reached the I limit " "(maximum number of elements)." msgstr "" "Le programme eBPF est trop grand ou une mappe a atteint la limite " "I (nombre maximal d'éléments)." #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "B" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "For B, even though all program instructions are valid, the " "program has been rejected because it was deemed unsafe. This may be because " "it may have accessed a disallowed memory region or an uninitialized stack/" "register or because the function constraints don't match the actual types or " "because there was a misaligned memory access. In this case, it is " "recommended to call B() again with I and examine " "I for the specific reason provided by the verifier." msgstr "" "Pour B, même si toutes les instructions du programme sont " "valables, le programme a été rejeté car il a été considéré comme non sûr. " "Cela est possible s'il a eu un accès à une zone de la mémoire interdite ou à " "une pile ou un registre non initialisé, ou parce que les contraintes de la " "fonction ne correspondent pas aux types réels, ou qu'il y a eu un accès " "mémoire non aligné. Dans ce cas, il est recommandé d'appeler B() à " "nouveau, avec I et d'examiner le I pour connaître la " "raison exacte fournie par le vérificateur." #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #: opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "B" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #: opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "For B, indicates that needed resources are blocked. This " "happens when the verifier detects pending signals while it is checking the " "validity of the bpf program. In this case, just call B() again with " "the same parameters." msgstr "" "Pour B, indique que les ressources nécessaires sont bloquées. " "Cela se produit quand le vérificateur détecte des signaux en attente alors " "qu'il vérifie la validité du programme bpf. Dans ce cas, appeler à nouveau " "simplement B() avec les mêmes paramètres." #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "B" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "I is not an open file descriptor." msgstr "I n'est pas un descripteur de fichier ouvert." #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "B" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "One of the pointers (I or I or I or I) is " "outside the accessible address space." msgstr "" "Un des pointeurs (I ou I ou I ou I) dépasse " "l'espace d'adressage accessible." #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "B" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "The value specified in I is not recognized by this kernel." msgstr "La valeur indiquée dans I n'est pas reconnue par ce noyau." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "For B, either I or attributes are invalid." msgstr "" "Pour B, soit I, soit les attributs ne sont pas " "autorisés." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "For B commands, some of the fields of I that " "are not used by this command are not set to zero." msgstr "" "Pour des commandes B, certains champs de I " "non utilisés par cette commande n'ont pas été positionnés sur zéro." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "For B, indicates an attempt to load an invalid program. eBPF " "programs can be deemed invalid due to unrecognized instructions, the use of " "reserved fields, jumps out of range, infinite loops or calls of unknown " "functions." msgstr "" "Pour B, indique une tentative de charger un programme non " "valable. Les programmes eBPF peuvent être jugés non valables du fait " "d'instructions non reconnues, de l'utilisation de champs réservés, de " "dépassements de plage, de boucles infinies ou d'appels à des fonctions " "inconnues." #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "B" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "For B or B, indicates that the " "element with the given I was not found." msgstr "" "Pour B ou B, indique qu'un élément " "avec la I donnée n'a pas été trouvé." #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "B" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Cannot allocate sufficient memory." msgstr "Ne peut pas allouer suffisamment de mémoire." #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B" msgstr "B" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The call was made without sufficient privilege (without the B " "capability)." msgstr "" "L'appel a été fait sans privilèges suffisants (sans la capacité " "B)." #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "STANDARDS" msgstr "STANDARDS" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Linux." msgstr "Linux." #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "HISTORY" msgstr "HISTORIQUE" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Linux 3.18." msgstr "Linux 3.18." #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "NOTES" msgstr "NOTES" #. commit 1be7f75d1668d6296b80bf35dcf6762393530afc #. [Linux 5.6] mtk: The list of available functions is, I think, governed #. by the check in net/core/filter.c::bpf_base_func_proto(). #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Prior to Linux 4.4, all B() commands require the caller to have the " "B capability. From Linux 4.4 onwards, an unprivileged user " "may create limited programs of type B and " "associated maps. However they may not store kernel pointers within the maps " "and are presently limited to the following helper functions:" msgstr "" "Avant Linux 4.4, toutes les commandes B() exigeaient que l'appelant ait " "la capacité B. Depuis Linux 4.4 jusqu'à présent, un " "utilisateur non privilégié peut créer des programmes limités de type " "B et mappes associées. Toutefois, ils ne " "peuvent pas stocker des pointeurs du noyau dans les mappes et ils sont " "actuellement limités aux fonctions d'aide suivantes :" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "get_random" msgstr "get_random" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "get_smp_processor_id" msgstr "get_smp_processor_id" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "tail_call" msgstr "tail_call" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "ktime_get_ns" msgstr "ktime_get_ns" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Unprivileged access may be blocked by writing the value 1 to the file I." msgstr "" "Un accès sans privilèges peut être bloqué en écrivant la valeur B<1> dans le " "fichier I." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "eBPF objects (maps and programs) can be shared between processes. For " "example, after B(2), the child inherits file descriptors referring to " "the same eBPF objects. In addition, file descriptors referring to eBPF " "objects can be transferred over UNIX domain sockets. File descriptors " "referring to eBPF objects can be duplicated in the usual way, using " "B(2) and similar calls. An eBPF object is deallocated only after all " "file descriptors referring to the object have been closed." msgstr "" "Les objets eBPF (les mappes et les programmes) peuvent être partagés entre " "les processus. Par exemple, après B(2), l'enfant récupère les " "descripteurs de fichier qui se rapportent aux mêmes objets eBPF. De plus, " "les descripteurs de fichier qui se rapportent aux objets eBPF peuvent être " "transférés à travers des sockets de domaine UNIX. Les descripteurs de " "fichier qui se rapportent aux objets eBPF peuvent être dupliqués de la " "manière habituelle, en utilisant B(2) ou des appels similaires. Un " "objet eBPF n'est désalloué qu'après que tous les descripteurs de fichier qui " "se rapportent à l'objet sont fermés." #. There are also examples for the tc classifier, in the iproute2 #. project, in examples/bpf #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "eBPF programs can be written in a restricted C that is compiled (using the " "B compiler) into eBPF bytecode. Various features are omitted from " "this restricted C, such as loops, global variables, variadic functions, " "floating-point numbers, and passing structures as function arguments. Some " "examples can be found in the I files in the kernel " "source tree." msgstr "" "Les programmes eBPF peuvent être écrits en C restreint compilé en bytecode " "eBPF (en utilisant le compilateur B). Diverses fonctionnalités sont " "absentes de ce C restreint, telles que les boucles, les variables globales, " "les fonctions variadiques, les nombres décimaux et le passage de structures " "comme paramètres d'une fonction. Vous pouvez trouver des exemples dans les " "fichiers I de l'arborescence des sources du noyau." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The kernel contains a just-in-time (JIT) compiler that translates eBPF " "bytecode into native machine code for better performance. Before Linux " "4.15, the JIT compiler is disabled by default, but its operation can be " "controlled by writing one of the following integer strings to the file I:" msgstr "" "Le noyau contient un compilateur « just-in-time (JIT) » qui traduit du " "bytecode eBPF en langage machine natif pour de meilleures performances. " "Avant Linux 4.15, le compilateur JIT est désactivé par défaut, mais ce qu'il " "fait peut être contrôlé en écrivant une des chaînes suivantes d’entiers dans " "le fichier I :" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B<0>" msgstr "B<0>" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Disable JIT compilation (default)." msgstr "Désactiver la compilation JIT (par défaut)." #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B<1>" msgstr "B<1>" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Normal compilation." msgstr "Compilation normale." #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "B<2>" msgstr "B<2>" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Debugging mode. The generated opcodes are dumped in hexadecimal into the " "kernel log. These opcodes can then be disassembled using the program " "I provided in the kernel source tree." msgstr "" "Mode débogage. Les opcodes générés sont écrits en hexadécimal dans le " "journal du noyau. Ces opcodes peuvent alors être désassemblés avec le " "programme I fourni dans l'arborescence des " "sources du noyau." #. commit 290af86629b25ffd1ed6232c4e9107da031705cb #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-rawhide opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Since Linux 4.15, the kernel may be configured with the " "B option. In this case, the JIT compiler is " "always enabled, and the I is initialized to 1 and is " "immutable. (This kernel configuration option was provided as a mitigation " "for one of the Spectre attacks against the BPF interpreter.)" msgstr "" "Depuis Linux 4.15, le noyau peut être configuré avec l'option " "B. Dans ce cas, le compilateur JIT est toujours " "activé et I est positionné sur B<1> et immuable (cette " "option de configuration du noyau est fournie pour contrer une des attaques " "Spectre contre l'interpréteur BPF)." #. Last reviewed in Linux 4.18-rc by grepping for BPF_ALU64 in arch/ #. and by checking the documentation for bpf_jit_enable in #. Documentation/sysctl/net.txt #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The JIT compiler for eBPF is currently available for the following " "architectures:" msgstr "" "Le compilateur JIT pour eBPF est actuellement disponible pour les " "architectures suivantes :" #. commit 0a14842f5a3c0e88a1e59fac5c3025db39721f74 #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "x86-64 (since Linux 3.18; cBPF since Linux 3.0);" msgstr "x86-64 (depuis Linux 3.18 ; cBPF depuis Linux 3.0) ;" #. commit ddecdfcea0ae891f782ae853771c867ab51024c2 #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "ARM32 (since Linux 3.18; cBPF since Linux 3.4);" msgstr "ARM32 (depuis Linux 3.18 ; cBPF depuis Linux 3.4) ;" #. commit 2809a2087cc44b55e4377d7b9be3f7f5d2569091 #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "SPARC 32 (since Linux 3.18; cBPF since Linux 3.5);" msgstr "SPARC 32 (depuis Linux 3.18 ; cBPF depuis Linux 3.5) ;" #. commit e54bcde3d69d40023ae77727213d14f920eb264a #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "ARM-64 (since Linux 3.18);" msgstr "ARM-64 (depuis Linux 3.18) ;;" #. commit c10302efe569bfd646b4c22df29577a4595b4580 #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "s390 (since Linux 4.1; cBPF since Linux 3.7);" msgstr "s390 (depuis Linux 4.1 ; cBPF depuis Linux 3.7) ;" #. commit 0ca87f05ba8bdc6791c14878464efc901ad71e99 #. commit 156d0e290e969caba25f1851c52417c14d141b24 #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "PowerPC 64 (since Linux 4.8; cBPF since Linux 3.1);" msgstr "PowerPC 64 (depuis Linux 4.8 ; cBPF depuis Linux 3.1) ;" #. commit 7a12b5031c6b947cc13918237ae652b536243b76 #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "SPARC 64 (since Linux 4.12);" msgstr "SPARC 64 (depuis Linux 4.12) ;" #. commit 03f5781be2c7b7e728d724ac70ba10799cc710d7 #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "x86-32 (since Linux 4.18);" msgstr "x86-32 (depuis Linux 4.18) ;" #. commit c6610de353da5ca6eee5b8960e838a87a90ead0c #. commit f381bf6d82f032b7410185b35d000ea370ac706b #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "MIPS 64 (since Linux 4.18; cBPF since Linux 3.16);" msgstr "MIPS 64 (depuis Linux 4.18 ; cBPF depuis Linux 3.16) ;" #. commit 2353ecc6f91fd15b893fa01bf85a1c7a823ee4f2 #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "riscv (since Linux 5.1)." msgstr "riscv (depuis Linux 5.1)." #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "EXAMPLES" msgstr "EXEMPLES" #. == atomic64_add #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #: opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "" "/* bpf+sockets example:\n" " * 1. create array map of 256 elements\n" " * 2. load program that counts number of packets received\n" " * r0 = skb-Edata[ETH_HLEN + offsetof(struct iphdr, protocol)]\n" " * map[r0]++\n" " * 3. attach prog_fd to raw socket via setsockopt()\n" " * 4. print number of received TCP/UDP packets every second\n" " */\n" "int\n" "main(int argc, char *argv[])\n" "{\n" " int sock, map_fd, prog_fd, key;\n" " long long value = 0, tcp_cnt, udp_cnt;\n" "\\&\n" " map_fd = bpf_create_map(BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY, sizeof(key),\n" " sizeof(value), 256);\n" " if (map_fd E 0) {\n" " printf(\"failed to create map \\[aq]%s\\[aq]\\en\", strerror(errno));\n" " /* likely not run as root */\n" " return 1;\n" " }\n" "\\&\n" " struct bpf_insn prog[] = {\n" " BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_6, BPF_REG_1), /* r6 = r1 */\n" " BPF_LD_ABS(BPF_B, ETH_HLEN + offsetof(struct iphdr, protocol)),\n" " /* r0 = ip-Eproto */\n" " BPF_STX_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_10, BPF_REG_0, -4),\n" " /* *(u32 *)(fp - 4) = r0 */\n" " BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_2, BPF_REG_10), /* r2 = fp */\n" " BPF_ALU64_IMM(BPF_ADD, BPF_REG_2, -4), /* r2 = r2 - 4 */\n" " BPF_LD_MAP_FD(BPF_REG_1, map_fd), /* r1 = map_fd */\n" " BPF_CALL_FUNC(BPF_FUNC_map_lookup_elem),\n" " /* r0 = map_lookup(r1, r2) */\n" " BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JEQ, BPF_REG_0, 0, 2),\n" " /* if (r0 == 0) goto pc+2 */\n" " BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_1, 1), /* r1 = 1 */\n" " BPF_XADD(BPF_DW, BPF_REG_0, BPF_REG_1, 0, 0),\n" " /* lock *(u64 *) r0 += r1 */\n" " BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_0, 0), /* r0 = 0 */\n" " BPF_EXIT_INSN(), /* return r0 */\n" " };\n" "\\&\n" " prog_fd = bpf_prog_load(BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCKET_FILTER, prog,\n" " sizeof(prog) / sizeof(prog[0]), \"GPL\");\n" "\\&\n" " sock = open_raw_sock(\"lo\");\n" "\\&\n" " assert(setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ATTACH_BPF, &prog_fd,\n" " sizeof(prog_fd)) == 0);\n" "\\&\n" " for (;;) {\n" " key = IPPROTO_TCP;\n" " assert(bpf_lookup_elem(map_fd, &key, &tcp_cnt) == 0);\n" " key = IPPROTO_UDP;\n" " assert(bpf_lookup_elem(map_fd, &key, &udp_cnt) == 0);\n" " printf(\"TCP %lld UDP %lld packets\\en\", tcp_cnt, udp_cnt);\n" " sleep(1);\n" " }\n" "\\&\n" " return 0;\n" "}\n" msgstr "" "/* Exemple de bpf+sockets :\n" " * 1. Créer une mappe tableau de 256 éléments\n" " * 2. Charger le programme qui compte le nombre de paquets reçus\n" " * r0 = skb-Edata[ETH_HLEN + offsetof(struct iphdr, protocol)]\n" " * map[r0]++\n" " * 3. Rattacher prog_fd au socket brut à l’aide de setsockopt()\n" " * 4. Afficher le nombre de paquets TCP/UDP reçus toutes les secondes\n" " */\n" "int\n" "main(int argc, char *argv[])\n" "{\n" " int sock, map_fd, prog_fd, key;\n" " long long value = 0, tcp_cnt, udp_cnt;\n" "\\&\n" " map_fd = bpf_create_map(BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY, sizeof(key),\n" " sizeof(value), 256);\n" " if (map_fd E 0) {\n" " printf(\"impossible de créer la projection \\[aq]%s\\[aq]\\en\", strerror(errno));\n" " /* probablement non lancé en tant que root */\n" " return 1;\n" " }\n" " struct bpf_insn prog[] = {\n" " BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_6, BPF_REG_1), /* r6 = r1 */\n" " BPF_LD_ABS(BPF_B, ETH_HLEN + offsetof(struct iphdr, protocol)),\n" " /* r0 = ip-Eproto */\n" " BPF_STX_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_10, BPF_REG_0, -4),\n" " /* *(u32 *)(fp - 4) = r0 */\n" " BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_2, BPF_REG_10), /* r2 = fp */\n" " BPF_ALU64_IMM(BPF_ADD, BPF_REG_2, -4), /* r2 = r2 - 4 */\n" " BPF_LD_MAP_FD(BPF_REG_1, map_fd), /* r1 = map_fd */\n" " BPF_CALL_FUNC(BPF_FUNC_map_lookup_elem),\n" " /* r0 = map_lookup(r1, r2) */\n" " BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JEQ, BPF_REG_0, 0, 2),\n" " /* if (r0 == 0) goto pc+2 */\n" " BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_1, 1), /* r1 = 1 */\n" " BPF_XADD(BPF_DW, BPF_REG_0, BPF_REG_1, 0, 0),\n" " /* lock *(u64 *) r0 += r1 */\n" " BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_0, 0), /* r0 = 0 */\n" " BPF_EXIT_INSN(), /* return r0 */\n" " };\n" "\\&\n" " prog_fd = bpf_prog_load(BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCKET_FILTER, prog,\n" " sizeof(prog) / sizeof(prog[0]), \"GPL\");\n" "\\&\n" " sock = open_raw_sock(\"lo\");\n" "\\&\n" " assert(setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ATTACH_BPF, &prog_fd,\n" " sizeof(prog_fd)) == 0);\n" "\\&\n" " for (;;) {\n" " key = IPPROTO_TCP;\n" " assert(bpf_lookup_elem(map_fd, &key, &tcp_cnt) == 0);\n" " key = IPPROTO_UDP;\n" " assert(bpf_lookup_elem(map_fd, &key, &udp_cnt) == 0);\n" " printf(\"TCP %lld UDP %lld packets\\en\", tcp_cnt, udp_cnt);\n" " sleep(1);\n" " }\n" "\\&\n" " return 0;\n" "}\n" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Some complete working code can be found in the I directory in " "the kernel source tree." msgstr "" "Vous pouvez trouvez du code complet opérationnel dans le répertoire " "I de l'arborescence des sources du noyau." #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "SEE ALSO" msgstr "VOIR AUSSI" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "B(2), B(7), B(7), B(8), B(8)" msgstr "B(2), B(7), B(7), B(8), B(8)" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Both classic and extended BPF are explained in the kernel source file " "I." msgstr "" "Les BPF classique et étendu sont expliqués dans le fichier I des sources du noyau." #. type: TH #: debian-bookworm #, no-wrap msgid "2023-02-05" msgstr "5 février 2023" #. type: TH #: debian-bookworm #, no-wrap msgid "Linux man-pages 6.03" msgstr "Pages du manuel de Linux 6.03" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "" "union bpf_attr {\n" " struct { /* Used by BPF_MAP_CREATE */\n" " __u32 map_type;\n" " __u32 key_size; /* size of key in bytes */\n" " __u32 value_size; /* size of value in bytes */\n" " __u32 max_entries; /* maximum number of entries\n" " in a map */\n" " };\n" msgstr "" "union bpf_attr {\n" " struct { /* Utilisé par BPF_MAP_CREATE */\n" " __u32 map_type;\n" " __u32 key_size; /* taille de la clé en octets */\n" " __u32 value_size; /* taille de la valeur en octets */\n" " __u32 max_entries; /* nombre maximal d'entrées\n" " dans une mappe */\n" " };\n" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "" " struct { /* Used by BPF_MAP_*_ELEM and BPF_MAP_GET_NEXT_KEY\n" " commands */\n" " __u32 map_fd;\n" " __aligned_u64 key;\n" " union {\n" " __aligned_u64 value;\n" " __aligned_u64 next_key;\n" " };\n" " __u64 flags;\n" " };\n" msgstr "" " struct { /* Utilisé par les commandes BPF_MAP_*_ELEM et\n" " BPF_MAP_GET_NEXT_KEY */\n" " __u32 map_fd;\n" " __aligned_u64 key;\n" " union {\n" " __aligned_u64 value;\n" " __aligned_u64 next_key;\n" " };\n" " __u64 flags;\n" " };\n" #. commit 2541517c32be2531e0da59dfd7efc1ce844644f5 #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "" " struct { /* Used by BPF_PROG_LOAD */\n" " __u32 prog_type;\n" " __u32 insn_cnt;\n" " __aligned_u64 insns; /* \\[aq]const struct bpf_insn *\\[aq] */\n" " __aligned_u64 license; /* \\[aq]const char *\\[aq] */\n" " __u32 log_level; /* verbosity level of verifier */\n" " __u32 log_size; /* size of user buffer */\n" " __aligned_u64 log_buf; /* user supplied \\[aq]char *\\[aq]\n" " buffer */\n" " __u32 kern_version;\n" " /* checked when prog_type=kprobe\n" " (since Linux 4.1) */\n" " };\n" "} __attribute__((aligned(8)));\n" msgstr "" " struct { /* Used by BPF_PROG_LOAD */\n" " __u32 prog_type;\n" " __u32 insn_cnt;\n" " __aligned_u64 insns; /* \\[aq]const struct bpf_insn *\\[aq] */\n" " __aligned_u64 license; /* \\[aq]const char *\\[aq] */\n" " __u32 log_level; /* niveau de bavardage du vérificateur */\n" " __u32 log_size; /* taille du tampon utilisateur */\n" " __aligned_u64 log_buf; /* l'utilisateur a fourni \\[aq]char *\\[aq]\n" " de tampon */\n" " __u32 kern_version;\n" " /* vérifier quand prog_type=kprobe\n" " (depuis Linux 4.1) */\n" " };\n" "} __attribute__((aligned(8)));\n" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "" "int\n" "bpf_create_map(enum bpf_map_type map_type,\n" " unsigned int key_size,\n" " unsigned int value_size,\n" " unsigned int max_entries)\n" "{\n" " union bpf_attr attr = {\n" " .map_type = map_type,\n" " .key_size = key_size,\n" " .value_size = value_size,\n" " .max_entries = max_entries\n" " };\n" msgstr "" "int\n" "bpf_create_map(enum bpf_map_type map_type,\n" " unsigned int key_size,\n" " unsigned int value_size,\n" " unsigned int max_entries)\n" "{\n" " union bpf_attr attr = {\n" " .map_type = map_type,\n" " .key_size = key_size,\n" " .value_size = value_size,\n" " .max_entries = max_entries\n" " };\n" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "" " return bpf(BPF_MAP_CREATE, &attr, sizeof(attr));\n" "}\n" msgstr "" " return bpf(BPF_MAP_CREATE, &attr, sizeof(attr));\n" "}\n" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "" "int\n" "bpf_lookup_elem(int fd, const void *key, void *value)\n" "{\n" " union bpf_attr attr = {\n" " .map_fd = fd,\n" " .key = ptr_to_u64(key),\n" " .value = ptr_to_u64(value),\n" " };\n" msgstr "" "int\n" "bpf_lookup_elem(int fd, const void *key, void *value)\n" "{\n" " union bpf_attr attr = {\n" " .map_fd = fd,\n" " .key = ptr_to_u64(key),\n" " .value = ptr_to_u64(value),\n" " };\n" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "" " return bpf(BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_ELEM, &attr, sizeof(attr));\n" "}\n" msgstr "" " return bpf(BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_ELEM, &attr, sizeof(attr));\n" "}\n" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "" "int\n" "bpf_update_elem(int fd, const void *key, const void *value,\n" " uint64_t flags)\n" "{\n" " union bpf_attr attr = {\n" " .map_fd = fd,\n" " .key = ptr_to_u64(key),\n" " .value = ptr_to_u64(value),\n" " .flags = flags,\n" " };\n" msgstr "" "int\n" "bpf_update_elem(int fd, const void *key, const void *value,\n" " uint64_t flags)\n" "{\n" " union bpf_attr attr = {\n" " .map_fd = fd,\n" " .key = ptr_to_u64(key),\n" " .value = ptr_to_u64(value),\n" " .flags = flags,\n" " };\n" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "" " return bpf(BPF_MAP_UPDATE_ELEM, &attr, sizeof(attr));\n" "}\n" msgstr "" " return bpf(BPF_MAP_UPDATE_ELEM, &attr, sizeof(attr));\n" "}\n" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "" "int\n" "bpf_delete_elem(int fd, const void *key)\n" "{\n" " union bpf_attr attr = {\n" " .map_fd = fd,\n" " .key = ptr_to_u64(key),\n" " };\n" msgstr "" "int\n" "bpf_delete_elem(int fd, const void *key)\n" "{\n" " union bpf_attr attr = {\n" " .map_fd = fd,\n" " .key = ptr_to_u64(key),\n" " };\n" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "" " return bpf(BPF_MAP_DELETE_ELEM, &attr, sizeof(attr));\n" "}\n" msgstr "" " return bpf(BPF_MAP_DELETE_ELEM, &attr, sizeof(attr));\n" "}\n" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "" "int\n" "bpf_get_next_key(int fd, const void *key, void *next_key)\n" "{\n" " union bpf_attr attr = {\n" " .map_fd = fd,\n" " .key = ptr_to_u64(key),\n" " .next_key = ptr_to_u64(next_key),\n" " };\n" msgstr "" "int\n" "bpf_get_next_key(int fd, const void *key, void *next_key)\n" "{\n" " union bpf_attr attr = {\n" " .map_fd = fd,\n" " .key = ptr_to_u64(key),\n" " .next_key = ptr_to_u64(next_key),\n" " };\n" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "" " return bpf(BPF_MAP_GET_NEXT_KEY, &attr, sizeof(attr));\n" "}\n" msgstr "" " return bpf(BPF_MAP_GET_NEXT_KEY, &attr, sizeof(attr));\n" "}\n" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "char bpf_log_buf[LOG_BUF_SIZE];\n" msgstr "char bpf_log_buf[LOG_BUF_SIZE];\n" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "" "int\n" "bpf_prog_load(enum bpf_prog_type type,\n" " const struct bpf_insn *insns, int insn_cnt,\n" " const char *license)\n" "{\n" " union bpf_attr attr = {\n" " .prog_type = type,\n" " .insns = ptr_to_u64(insns),\n" " .insn_cnt = insn_cnt,\n" " .license = ptr_to_u64(license),\n" " .log_buf = ptr_to_u64(bpf_log_buf),\n" " .log_size = LOG_BUF_SIZE,\n" " .log_level = 1,\n" " };\n" msgstr "" "int\n" "bpf_prog_load(enum bpf_prog_type type,\n" " const struct bpf_insn *insns, int insn_cnt,\n" " const char *license)\n" "{\n" " union bpf_attr attr = {\n" " .prog_type = type,\n" " .insns = ptr_to_u64(insns),\n" " .insn_cnt = insn_cnt,\n" " .license = ptr_to_u64(license),\n" " .log_buf = ptr_to_u64(bpf_log_buf),\n" " .log_size = LOG_BUF_SIZE,\n" " .log_level = 1,\n" " };\n" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "" " return bpf(BPF_PROG_LOAD, &attr, sizeof(attr));\n" "}\n" msgstr "" " return bpf(BPF_PROG_LOAD, &attr, sizeof(attr));\n" "}\n" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 msgid "" "I verbosity level of the verifier. A value of zero means that " "the verifier will not provide a log; in this case, I must be a NULL " "pointer, and I must be zero." msgstr "" "Le niveau de précisions I du vérificateur. Une valeur de zéro " "signifie que le vérificateur ne génèrera aucun journal ; dans ce cas " "I doit être un pointeur NULL et I doit valoir zéro." #. type: SH #: debian-bookworm #, no-wrap msgid "VERSIONS" msgstr "VERSIONS" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm msgid "The B() system call first appeared in Linux 3.18." msgstr "" "L'appel système B() est apparu pour la première fois dans Linux 3.18." #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm msgid "The B() system call is Linux-specific." msgstr "L'appel système B() est spécifique à Linux." #. commit 290af86629b25ffd1ed6232c4e9107da031705cb #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm fedora-40 mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 msgid "" "Since Linux 4.15, the kernel may configured with the " "B option. In this case, the JIT compiler is " "always enabled, and the I is initialized to 1 and is " "immutable. (This kernel configuration option was provided as a mitigation " "for one of the Spectre attacks against the BPF interpreter.)" msgstr "" "Depuis Linux 4.15, le noyau peut être configuré avec l'option " "B. Dans ce cas, le compilateur JIT est toujours " "activé et I est positionné sur B<1> et immuable (cette " "option de configuration du noyau est fournie pour contrer une des attaques " "Spectre contre l'interpréteur BPF)." #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "" "/* bpf+sockets example:\n" " * 1. create array map of 256 elements\n" " * 2. load program that counts number of packets received\n" " * r0 = skb-Edata[ETH_HLEN + offsetof(struct iphdr, protocol)]\n" " * map[r0]++\n" " * 3. attach prog_fd to raw socket via setsockopt()\n" " * 4. print number of received TCP/UDP packets every second\n" " */\n" "int\n" "main(int argc, char *argv[])\n" "{\n" " int sock, map_fd, prog_fd, key;\n" " long long value = 0, tcp_cnt, udp_cnt;\n" msgstr "" "/* Exemple de bpf+sockets :\n" " * 1. Créer une mappe tableau de 256 éléments\n" " * 2. Charger le programme qui compte le nombre de paquets reçus\n" " * r0 = skb-Edata[ETH_HLEN + offsetof(struct iphdr, protocol)]\n" " * map[r0]++\n" " * 3. Rattacher prog_fd au socket brut à l’aide de setsockopt()\n" " * 4. Afficher le nombre de paquets TCP/UDP reçus toutes les secondes\n" " */\n" "int\n" "main(int argc, char *argv[])\n" "{\n" " int sock, map_fd, prog_fd, key;\n" " long long value = 0, tcp_cnt, udp_cnt;\n" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "" " map_fd = bpf_create_map(BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY, sizeof(key),\n" " sizeof(value), 256);\n" " if (map_fd E 0) {\n" " printf(\"failed to create map \\[aq]%s\\[aq]\\en\", strerror(errno));\n" " /* likely not run as root */\n" " return 1;\n" " }\n" msgstr "" " map_fd = bpf_create_map(BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY, sizeof(key),\n" " sizeof(value), 256);\n" " if (map_fd E 0) {\n" " printf(\"impossible de créer la projection \\[aq]%s\\[aq]\\en\", strerror(errno));\n" " /* probablement non lancé en tant que root */\n" " return 1;\n" " }\n" #. == atomic64_add #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "" " struct bpf_insn prog[] = {\n" " BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_6, BPF_REG_1), /* r6 = r1 */\n" " BPF_LD_ABS(BPF_B, ETH_HLEN + offsetof(struct iphdr, protocol)),\n" " /* r0 = ip-Eproto */\n" " BPF_STX_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_10, BPF_REG_0, -4),\n" " /* *(u32 *)(fp - 4) = r0 */\n" " BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_2, BPF_REG_10), /* r2 = fp */\n" " BPF_ALU64_IMM(BPF_ADD, BPF_REG_2, -4), /* r2 = r2 - 4 */\n" " BPF_LD_MAP_FD(BPF_REG_1, map_fd), /* r1 = map_fd */\n" " BPF_CALL_FUNC(BPF_FUNC_map_lookup_elem),\n" " /* r0 = map_lookup(r1, r2) */\n" " BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JEQ, BPF_REG_0, 0, 2),\n" " /* if (r0 == 0) goto pc+2 */\n" " BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_1, 1), /* r1 = 1 */\n" " BPF_XADD(BPF_DW, BPF_REG_0, BPF_REG_1, 0, 0),\n" " /* lock *(u64 *) r0 += r1 */\n" " BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_0, 0), /* r0 = 0 */\n" " BPF_EXIT_INSN(), /* return r0 */\n" " };\n" msgstr "" " struct bpf_insn prog[] = {\n" " BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_6, BPF_REG_1), /* r6 = r1 */\n" " BPF_LD_ABS(BPF_B, ETH_HLEN + offsetof(struct iphdr, protocol)),\n" " /* r0 = ip-Eproto */\n" " BPF_STX_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_10, BPF_REG_0, -4),\n" " /* *(u32 *)(fp - 4) = r0 */\n" " BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_2, BPF_REG_10), /* r2 = fp */\n" " BPF_ALU64_IMM(BPF_ADD, BPF_REG_2, -4), /* r2 = r2 - 4 */\n" " BPF_LD_MAP_FD(BPF_REG_1, map_fd), /* r1 = map_fd */\n" " BPF_CALL_FUNC(BPF_FUNC_map_lookup_elem),\n" " /* r0 = map_lookup(r1, r2) */\n" " BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JEQ, BPF_REG_0, 0, 2),\n" " /* if (r0 == 0) goto pc+2 */\n" " BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_1, 1), /* r1 = 1 */\n" " BPF_XADD(BPF_DW, BPF_REG_0, BPF_REG_1, 0, 0),\n" " /* lock *(u64 *) r0 += r1 */\n" " BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_0, 0), /* r0 = 0 */\n" " BPF_EXIT_INSN(), /* return r0 */\n" " };\n" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "" " prog_fd = bpf_prog_load(BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCKET_FILTER, prog,\n" " sizeof(prog) / sizeof(prog[0]), \"GPL\");\n" msgstr "" " prog_fd = bpf_prog_load(BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCKET_FILTER, prog,\n" " sizeof(prog) / sizeof(prog[0]), \"GPL\");\n" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid " sock = open_raw_sock(\"lo\");\n" msgstr " sock = open_raw_sock(\"lo\");\n" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "" " assert(setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ATTACH_BPF, &prog_fd,\n" " sizeof(prog_fd)) == 0);\n" msgstr "" " assert(setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ATTACH_BPF, &prog_fd,\n" " sizeof(prog_fd)) == 0);\n" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "" " for (;;) {\n" " key = IPPROTO_TCP;\n" " assert(bpf_lookup_elem(map_fd, &key, &tcp_cnt) == 0);\n" " key = IPPROTO_UDP;\n" " assert(bpf_lookup_elem(map_fd, &key, &udp_cnt) == 0);\n" " printf(\"TCP %lld UDP %lld packets\\en\", tcp_cnt, udp_cnt);\n" " sleep(1);\n" " }\n" msgstr "" " for (;;) {\n" " key = IPPROTO_TCP;\n" " assert(bpf_lookup_elem(map_fd, &key, &tcp_cnt) == 0);\n" " key = IPPROTO_UDP;\n" " assert(bpf_lookup_elem(map_fd, &key, &udp_cnt) == 0);\n" " printf(\"TCP %lld UDP %lld packets\\en\", tcp_cnt, udp_cnt);\n" " sleep(1);\n" " }\n" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "" " return 0;\n" "}\n" msgstr "" " return 0;\n" "}\n" #. type: TH #: fedora-40 mageia-cauldron #, no-wrap msgid "2023-11-01" msgstr "1 novembre 2023" #. type: TH #: fedora-40 mageia-cauldron #, no-wrap msgid "Linux man-pages 6.06" msgstr "Pages du manuel de Linux 6.06" #. type: TH #: fedora-rawhide #, no-wrap msgid "2024-03-18" msgstr "18 mars 2024" #. type: TH #: fedora-rawhide #, no-wrap msgid "Linux man-pages 6.7" msgstr "Pages du manuel de Linux 6.7" #. type: TH #: opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "2023-03-30" msgstr "30 mars 2023" #. type: TH #: opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "Linux man-pages 6.04" msgstr "Pages du manuel de Linux 6.04" #. type: TH #: opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Linux man-pages (unreleased)" msgstr "Pages du manuel de Linux (non publiées)"