# Italian translation of manpages # This file is distributed under the same license as the manpages-l10n package. # Copyright © of this file: # Ottavio G. Rizzo , 1998. # Giulio Daprelà , 2005. # Elisabetta Galli , 2007-2008. # Marco Curreli , 2013-2014, 2016, 2018, 2020, 2021. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: manpages-l10n 4.0.0\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2024-06-01 06:33+0200\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2021-04-07 00:24+0200\n" "Last-Translator: Marco Curreli \n" "Language-Team: Italian \n" "Language: it\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n" "X-Generator: Lokalize 20.12.3\n" #. type: TH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "UTF-8" msgstr "UTF-8" #. type: TH #: archlinux debian-unstable opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "2024-05-02" msgstr "2 maggio 2024" #. type: TH #: archlinux debian-unstable #, fuzzy, no-wrap #| msgid "Linux man-pages 6.7" msgid "Linux man-pages 6.8" msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.7" #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "NAME" msgstr "NOME" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "UTF-8 - an ASCII compatible multibyte Unicode encoding" msgstr "UTF-8 - una codifica Unicode multi-byte compatibile con ASCII" #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "DESCRIPTION" msgstr "DESCRIZIONE" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #: opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The Unicode 3.0 character set occupies a 16-bit code space. The most " #| "obvious Unicode encoding (known as UCS-2) consists of a sequence of 16-" #| "bit words. Such strings can contain\\(emas part of many 16-bit characters" #| "\\(embytes such as \\(aq\\e0\\(aq or \\(aq/\\(aq, which have a special " #| "meaning in filenames and other C library function arguments. In " #| "addition, the majority of UNIX tools expect ASCII files and can't read 16-" #| "bit words as characters without major modifications. For these reasons, " #| "UCS-2 is not a suitable external encoding of Unicode in filenames, text " #| "files, environment variables, and so on. The ISO 10646 Universal " #| "Character Set (UCS), a superset of Unicode, occupies an even larger code " #| "space\\(em31\\ bits\\(emand the obvious UCS-4 encoding for it (a sequence " #| "of 32-bit words) has the same problems." msgid "" "The Unicode 3.0 character set occupies a 16-bit code space. The most " "obvious Unicode encoding (known as UCS-2) consists of a sequence of 16-bit " "words. Such strings can contain\\[em]as part of many 16-bit characters" "\\[em]bytes such as \\[aq]\\e0\\[aq] or \\[aq]/\\[aq], which have a special " "meaning in filenames and other C library function arguments. In addition, " "the majority of UNIX tools expect ASCII files and can't read 16-bit words as " "characters without major modifications. For these reasons, UCS-2 is not a " "suitable external encoding of Unicode in filenames, text files, environment " "variables, and so on. The ISO/IEC 10646 Universal Character Set (UCS), a " "superset of Unicode, occupies an even larger code space\\[em]31\\ bits" "\\[em]and the obvious UCS-4 encoding for it (a sequence of 32-bit words) has " "the same problems." msgstr "" "L'insieme di caratteri Unicode 3.0 occupa uno spazio a 16 bit. La codifica " "più naturale di Unicode (nota come UCS-2) consta di sequenze di parole a 16 " "bit. Queste stringhe possono contenere\\(emcome parte di molti caratteri a " "16 bit\\(embyte come \\(aq\\e0\\(aq o \\(aq/\\(aq, che hanno significato " "speciale per i nomi di file e per i parametri di altre funzioni della " "libreria C. Inoltre, la maggioranza degli strumenti UNIX si aspetta file in " "ASCII e non sa leggere parole a 16 bit come caratteri senza grosse " "modifiche. Per queste ragioni UCS-2 non è una codifica esterna di Unicode " "adatta a nomi di file, file di testo, variabili d'ambiente, e così via. " "L'Insieme universale di caratteri ISO 10646 (UCS), un'estensione di Unicode, " "occupa uno spazio ancora maggiore\\(ema 31 bit\\(eme la sua codifica " "naturale, UCS-4 (una sequenza di parole a 32 bit), soffre degli stessi " "problemi." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The UTF-8 encoding of Unicode and UCS does not have these problems and is " "the common way in which Unicode is used on UNIX-style operating systems." msgstr "" "La codifica UTF-8 di Unicode e UCS evita questi problemi, ed è il modo " "comune con cui Unicode è usato nei sistemi operativi tipo UNIX." #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Properties" msgstr "Proprietà" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "The UTF-8 encoding has the following nice properties:" msgstr "La codifica UTF-8 possiede queste ottime proprietà:" #. type: IP #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-rawhide opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "\\[bu]" msgstr "\\[bu]" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-rawhide opensuse-tumbleweed #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "UCS characters 0x00000000 to 0x0000007f (the classic US-ASCII characters) " #| "are encoded simply as bytes 0x00 to 0x7f (ASCII compatibility). This " #| "means that files and strings which contain only 7-bit ASCII characters " #| "have the same encoding under both ASCII and UTF-8 ." msgid "" "UCS characters 0x00000000 to 0x0000007f (the classic US-ASCII characters) " "are encoded simply as bytes 0x00 to 0x7f (ASCII compatibility). This means " "that files and strings which contain only 7-bit ASCII characters have the " "same encoding under both ASCII and UTF-8." msgstr "" "I caratteri UCS da 0x00000000 a 0x0000007f (i caratteri US-ASCII classici) " "sono codificati semplicemente come byte da 0x00 a 0x7f (compatibilità " "ASCII). In altre parole, file e stringhe contenenti solamente caratteri " "ASCII a 7 bit hanno la stessa codifica sia in ASCII che in UTF-8." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "All UCS characters greater than 0x7f are encoded as a multibyte sequence " #| "consisting only of bytes in the range 0x80 to 0xfd, so no ASCII byte can " #| "appear as part of another character and there are no problems with, for " #| "example, \\(aq\\e0\\(aq or \\(aq/\\(aq." msgid "" "All UCS characters greater than 0x7f are encoded as a multibyte sequence " "consisting only of bytes in the range 0x80 to 0xfd, so no ASCII byte can " "appear as part of another character and there are no problems with, for " "example, \\[aq]\\e0\\[aq] or \\[aq]/\\[aq]." msgstr "" "Tutti i caratteri UCS maggiori di 0x7f sono codificati come una sequenza a " "multibyte consistente esclusivamente di byte nell'intervallo da 0x80 a 0xfd, " "in modo tale da non trovare nessun byte ASCII all'interno di un altro " "carattere, e da non avere problemi con, tra gli altri, \\/aq\\e0\\/aq o \\/" "aq/\\/aq." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "The lexicographic sorting order of UCS-4 strings is preserved." msgstr "L'ordinamento lessicografico delle stringhe in UCS-4 viene preservato." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, fuzzy #| msgid "All possible 2^31 UCS codes can be encoded using UTF-8." msgid "All possible 2\\[ha]31 UCS codes can be encoded using UTF-8." msgstr "Tutti i 2^31 possibili codici UCS possono essere codificati con UTF-8." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The bytes 0xc0, 0xc1, 0xfe, and 0xff are never used in the UTF-8 encoding." msgstr "" "I byte 0xc0, 0xc1, 0xfe E 0xff non sono mai usati nella codifica UTF-8." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The first byte of a multibyte sequence which represents a single non-ASCII " "UCS character is always in the range 0xc2 to 0xfd and indicates how long " "this multibyte sequence is. All further bytes in a multibyte sequence are " "in the range 0x80 to 0xbf. This allows easy resynchronization and makes the " "encoding stateless and robust against missing bytes." msgstr "" "Il primo byte di una sequenza multibyte che rappresenta un carattere UCS non " "ASCII è sempre nell'intervallo da 0xc0 a 0xfd e indica la lunghezza della " "sequenza. Tutti i byte seguenti nella sequenza multibyte sono " "nell'intervallo da 0x80 a 0xbf, facilitando un'eventuale risincronizzazione " "e facendo diventare la codifica senza memoria e resistente a byte mancanti." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "UTF-8 encoded UCS characters may be up to six bytes long, however the " "Unicode standard specifies no characters above 0x10ffff, so Unicode " "characters can be only up to four bytes long in UTF-8." msgstr "" "I caratteri UCS codificati con UTF-8 possono arrivare ai sei byte di " "lunghezza, tuttavia lo standard Unicode non specifica caratteri oltre " "0x10ffff, così i caratteri Unicode possono essere lunghi solo fino a quattro " "byte in UTF-8." #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Encoding" msgstr "Codifica" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The following byte sequences are used to represent a character. The " "sequence to be used depends on the UCS code number of the character:" msgstr "" "Le seguenti sequenze di byte vengono usate per rappresentare un carattere. " "La sequenza da usare dipende dal numero del codice UCS del carattere:" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "0x00000000 - 0x0000007F:" msgstr "0x00000000 - 0x0000007F:" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "0I" msgstr "0I" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "0x00000080 - 0x000007FF:" msgstr "0x00000080 - 0x000007FF:" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "110I 10I" msgstr "110I 10I" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "0x00000800 - 0x0000FFFF:" msgstr "0x00000800 - 0x0000FFFF:" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "1110I 10I 10I" msgstr "1110I 10I 10I" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "0x00010000 - 0x001FFFFF:" msgstr "0x00010000 - 0x001FFFFF:" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "11110I 10I 10I 10I" msgstr "11110I 10I 10I 10I" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "0x00200000 - 0x03FFFFFF:" msgstr "0x00200000 - 0x03FFFFFF:" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "111110I 10I 10I 10I 10I" msgstr "111110I 10I 10I 10I 10I" #. type: TP #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "0x04000000 - 0x7FFFFFFF:" msgstr "0x04000000 - 0x7FFFFFFF:" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "1111110I 10I 10I 10I 10I 10I" msgstr "" "1111110I 10I 10I 10I 10I 10I" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The I bit positions are filled with the bits of the character code " "number in binary representation, most significant bit first (big-endian). " "Only the shortest possible multibyte sequence which can represent the code " "number of the character can be used." msgstr "" "Le configurazioni di bit I sono riempite coi bit del numero del codice " "carattere rappresentato in binario, prima il bit più significativo (big-" "endian). Viene usata solo la più breve delle sequenze multibyte che possono " "rappresentare il numero del codice." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The UCS code values 0xd800\\(en0xdfff (UTF-16 surrogates) as well as " #| "0xfffe and 0xffff (UCS noncharacters) should not appear in conforming " #| "UTF-8 streams. According to RFC 3629 no point above U+10FFFF should be " #| "used, which limits characters to four bytes." msgid "" "The UCS code values 0xd800\\[en]0xdfff (UTF-16 surrogates) as well as 0xfffe " "and 0xffff (UCS noncharacters) should not appear in conforming UTF-8 " "streams. According to RFC 3629 no point above U+10FFFF should be used, " "which limits characters to four bytes." msgstr "" "I valori del codice UCS 0xd800\\(en0xdfff (surrogati UTF-16), così come " "0xfffe e 0xffff (non-caratteri UCS) non devono apparire nei flussi UTF-8 " "conformi. Secondo RFC 3629 nessun punto oltre U+10FFFF dovrebbe essere " "usato, che limita i caratteri a quattro byte." #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Example" msgstr "Esempio" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The Unicode character 0xa9 = 1010 1001 (the copyright sign) is encoded in " "UTF-8 as" msgstr "" "Il carattere Unicode 0xa9 = 1010 1001 (il simbolo di copyright) si codifica " "in UTF-8 come" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "11000010 10101001 = 0xc2 0xa9" msgstr "11000010 10101001 = 0xc2 0xa9" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "and character 0x2260 = 0010 0010 0110 0000 (the \"not equal\" symbol) is " "encoded as:" msgstr "" "e il carattere 0x2260 = 0010 0010 0110 0000 (il simbolo \"non uguale\") si " "codifica come:" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "11100010 10001001 10100000 = 0xe2 0x89 0xa0" msgstr "11100010 10001001 10100000 = 0xe2 0x89 0xa0" #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Application notes" msgstr "Note sull'applicazione" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "Users have to select a UTF-8 locale, for example with" msgstr "Gli utenti devono selezionare una localizzazione UTF-8, ad esempio con" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "export LANG=en_GB.UTF-8" msgstr "export LANG=en_GB.UTF-8" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "in order to activate the UTF-8 support in applications." msgstr "per poter attivare il supporto UTF-8 nelle applicazioni." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "Application software that has to be aware of the used character encoding " "should always set the locale with for example" msgstr "" "I software applicativi che devono riconoscere la codica caratteri usata " "devono sempre impostare la localizzazione con, ad esempio," #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "setlocale(LC_CTYPE, \"\")" msgstr "setlocale(LC_CTYPE, \"\")" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "and programmers can then test the expression" msgstr "e i programmatori possono quindi testare l'espressione" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "strcmp(nl_langinfo(CODESET), \"UTF-8\") == 0" msgstr "strcmp(nl_langinfo(CODESET), \"UTF-8\") == 0" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "to determine whether a UTF-8 locale has been selected and whether therefore " "all plaintext standard input and output, terminal communication, plaintext " "file content, filenames, and environment variables are encoded in UTF-8." msgstr "" "per determinare se una localizzazione UTF-8 è stata selezionata e se quindi " "tutti gli input e output standard in testo, comunicazioni terminale, " "contenuto in testo dei file, nomi file e variabili d'ambiente sono " "codificati in UTF-8." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #: opensuse-tumbleweed #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Programmers accustomed to single-byte encodings such as US-ASCII or ISO " #| "8859 have to be aware that two assumptions made so far are no longer " #| "valid in UTF-8 locales. Firstly, a single byte does not necessarily " #| "correspond any more to a single character. Secondly, since modern " #| "terminal emulators in UTF-8 mode also support Chinese, Japanese, and " #| "Korean double-width characters as well as nonspacing combining " #| "characters, outputting a single character does not necessarily advance " #| "the cursor by one position as it did in ASCII. Library functions such as " #| "B(3) and B(3) should be used today to count " #| "characters and cursor positions." msgid "" "Programmers accustomed to single-byte encodings such as US-ASCII or ISO/IEC" "\\ 8859 have to be aware that two assumptions made so far are no longer " "valid in UTF-8 locales. Firstly, a single byte does not necessarily " "correspond any more to a single character. Secondly, since modern terminal " "emulators in UTF-8 mode also support Chinese, Japanese, and Korean double-" "width characters as well as nonspacing combining characters, outputting a " "single character does not necessarily advance the cursor by one position as " "it did in ASCII. Library functions such as B(3) and " "B(3) should be used today to count characters and cursor " "positions." msgstr "" "I programmatori abituati alle codifiche a singolo byte come US-ASCII o ISO " "8859 devono ricordare che due assunzioni valide qui non sono più valide " "nelle localizzazioni UTF-8. Innanzitutto un singolo byte non corrisponde più " "necessariamente ad un singolo carattere. In secondo luogo, poiché i moderni " "emulatori di terminale in modalità UTF-8 supportano anche caratteri a doppia " "larghezza cinese, giapponese e coreano e i caratteri combinanti, non " "spaziati, l'emissione di un singolo carattere non avanza necessariamente il " "cursore di una posizione come avveniva in ASCII. Funzioni di libreria come " "B(3) e B(3) oggi devono essere usate posizioni di " "caratteri e cursore." #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide mageia-cauldron #: opensuse-tumbleweed #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The official ESC sequence to switch from an ISO 2022 encoding scheme (as " #| "used for instance by VT100 terminals) to UTF-8 is ESC % G (\"\\ex1b%G" #| "\"). The corresponding return sequence from UTF-8 to ISO 2022 is ESC % @ " #| "(\"\\ex1b%@\"). Other ISO 2022 sequences (such as for switching the G0 " #| "and G1 sets) are not applicable in UTF-8 mode." msgid "" "The official ESC sequence to switch from an ISO/IEC\\ 2022 encoding scheme " "(as used for instance by VT100 terminals) to UTF-8 is ESC % G (\"\\ex1b%G" "\"). The corresponding return sequence from UTF-8 to ISO/IEC\\ 2022 is ESC " "% @ (\"\\ex1b%@\"). Other ISO/IEC\\ 2022 sequences (such as for switching " "the G0 and G1 sets) are not applicable in UTF-8 mode." msgstr "" "La sequenza ufficiale ESC per commutare da uno schema di codifica ISO 2022 " "(usato ad esempio dai terminali VT100) a UTF-8 è ESC % G (\"\\ex1b%G\"). La " "corrispondente sequenza di ritorno da UTF-8 a ISO 2022 è ESC % @ (\"\\ex1b%@" "\"). Altre sequenze ISO 2022 (come quelle per commutare gli insiemi G0 e G1) " "non sono applicabili in modalità UTF-8." #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Security" msgstr "Sicurezza" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "The Unicode and UCS standards require that producers of UTF-8 shall use the " "shortest form possible, for example, producing a two-byte sequence with " "first byte 0xc0 is nonconforming. Unicode 3.1 has added the requirement " "that conforming programs must not accept non-shortest forms in their input. " "This is for security reasons: if user input is checked for possible security " "violations, a program might check only for the ASCII version of \"/../\" or " "\";\" or NUL and overlook that there are many non-ASCII ways to represent " "these things in a non-shortest UTF-8 encoding." msgstr "" "Gli standard Unicode e UCS richiedono che i produttori di UTF-8 debbano " "usare la forma più breve possibile, ad esempio produrre una sequenza a due " "byte con primo byte 0xc0 non è conforme. Unicode 3.1 ha aggiunto la " "richiesta che i programmi conformi non debbano accettare le forme non brevi " "nel loro input. Ciò è per ragioni di sicurezza: se l'input utente è " "verificato per possibili violazioni di sicurezza, un programma può " "verificare solo la versione ASCII di \"/../\" o \";\" o NUL e dimenticare " "che ci sono molti modi non- ASCII di rappresentare queste cose in una " "codifica UTF-8 non breve." #. type: SS #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "Standards" msgstr "Standard" #. .SH AUTHOR #. Markus Kuhn #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "ISO/IEC 10646-1:2000, Unicode 3.1, RFC\\ 3629, Plan 9." msgstr "ISO/IEC 10646-1:2000, Unicode 3.1, RFC\\ 3629, Plan 9." #. type: SH #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed #, no-wrap msgid "SEE ALSO" msgstr "VEDERE ANCHE" #. type: Plain text #: archlinux debian-bookworm debian-unstable fedora-40 fedora-rawhide #: mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 opensuse-tumbleweed msgid "" "B(1), B(3), B(3), B(7), " "B(7)" msgstr "" "B(1), B(3), B(3), B(7), " "B(7)" #. type: TH #: debian-bookworm #, no-wrap msgid "2023-02-10" msgstr "10 febbraio 2023" #. type: TH #: debian-bookworm #, no-wrap msgid "Linux man-pages 6.03" msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.03" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The Unicode 3.0 character set occupies a 16-bit code space. The most " #| "obvious Unicode encoding (known as UCS-2) consists of a sequence of 16-" #| "bit words. Such strings can contain\\(emas part of many 16-bit characters" #| "\\(embytes such as \\(aq\\e0\\(aq or \\(aq/\\(aq, which have a special " #| "meaning in filenames and other C library function arguments. In " #| "addition, the majority of UNIX tools expect ASCII files and can't read 16-" #| "bit words as characters without major modifications. For these reasons, " #| "UCS-2 is not a suitable external encoding of Unicode in filenames, text " #| "files, environment variables, and so on. The ISO 10646 Universal " #| "Character Set (UCS), a superset of Unicode, occupies an even larger code " #| "space\\(em31\\ bits\\(emand the obvious UCS-4 encoding for it (a sequence " #| "of 32-bit words) has the same problems." msgid "" "The Unicode 3.0 character set occupies a 16-bit code space. The most " "obvious Unicode encoding (known as UCS-2) consists of a sequence of 16-bit " "words. Such strings can contain\\[em]as part of many 16-bit characters" "\\[em]bytes such as \\[aq]\\e0\\[aq] or \\[aq]/\\[aq], which have a special " "meaning in filenames and other C library function arguments. In addition, " "the majority of UNIX tools expect ASCII files and can't read 16-bit words as " "characters without major modifications. For these reasons, UCS-2 is not a " "suitable external encoding of Unicode in filenames, text files, environment " "variables, and so on. The ISO 10646 Universal Character Set (UCS), a " "superset of Unicode, occupies an even larger code space\\[em]31\\ bits" "\\[em]and the obvious UCS-4 encoding for it (a sequence of 32-bit words) has " "the same problems." msgstr "" "L'insieme di caratteri Unicode 3.0 occupa uno spazio a 16 bit. La codifica " "più naturale di Unicode (nota come UCS-2) consta di sequenze di parole a 16 " "bit. Queste stringhe possono contenere\\(emcome parte di molti caratteri a " "16 bit\\(embyte come \\(aq\\e0\\(aq o \\(aq/\\(aq, che hanno significato " "speciale per i nomi di file e per i parametri di altre funzioni della " "libreria C. Inoltre, la maggioranza degli strumenti UNIX si aspetta file in " "ASCII e non sa leggere parole a 16 bit come caratteri senza grosse " "modifiche. Per queste ragioni UCS-2 non è una codifica esterna di Unicode " "adatta a nomi di file, file di testo, variabili d'ambiente, e così via. " "L'Insieme universale di caratteri ISO 10646 (UCS), un'estensione di Unicode, " "occupa uno spazio ancora maggiore\\(ema 31 bit\\(eme la sua codifica " "naturale, UCS-4 (una sequenza di parole a 32 bit), soffre degli stessi " "problemi." #. type: TP #: debian-bookworm fedora-40 mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "*" msgstr "*" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm fedora-40 mageia-cauldron opensuse-leap-15-6 msgid "" "UCS characters 0x00000000 to 0x0000007f (the classic US-ASCII characters) " "are encoded simply as bytes 0x00 to 0x7f (ASCII compatibility). This means " "that files and strings which contain only 7-bit ASCII characters have the " "same encoding under both ASCII and UTF-8 ." msgstr "" "I caratteri UCS da 0x00000000 a 0x0000007f (i caratteri US-ASCII classici) " "sono codificati semplicemente come byte da 0x00 a 0x7f (compatibilità " "ASCII). In altre parole, file e stringhe contenenti solamente caratteri " "ASCII a 7 bit hanno la stessa codifica sia in ASCII che in UTF-8." #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 msgid "" "Programmers accustomed to single-byte encodings such as US-ASCII or ISO 8859 " "have to be aware that two assumptions made so far are no longer valid in " "UTF-8 locales. Firstly, a single byte does not necessarily correspond any " "more to a single character. Secondly, since modern terminal emulators in " "UTF-8 mode also support Chinese, Japanese, and Korean double-width " "characters as well as nonspacing combining characters, outputting a single " "character does not necessarily advance the cursor by one position as it did " "in ASCII. Library functions such as B(3) and B(3) " "should be used today to count characters and cursor positions." msgstr "" "I programmatori abituati alle codifiche a singolo byte come US-ASCII o ISO " "8859 devono ricordare che due assunzioni valide qui non sono più valide " "nelle localizzazioni UTF-8. Innanzitutto un singolo byte non corrisponde più " "necessariamente ad un singolo carattere. In secondo luogo, poiché i moderni " "emulatori di terminale in modalità UTF-8 supportano anche caratteri a doppia " "larghezza cinese, giapponese e coreano e i caratteri combinanti, non " "spaziati, l'emissione di un singolo carattere non avanza necessariamente il " "cursore di una posizione come avveniva in ASCII. Funzioni di libreria come " "B(3) e B(3) oggi devono essere usate posizioni di " "caratteri e cursore." #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm opensuse-leap-15-6 msgid "" "The official ESC sequence to switch from an ISO 2022 encoding scheme (as " "used for instance by VT100 terminals) to UTF-8 is ESC % G (\"\\ex1b%G\"). " "The corresponding return sequence from UTF-8 to ISO 2022 is ESC % @ (\"\\ex1b" "%@\"). Other ISO 2022 sequences (such as for switching the G0 and G1 sets) " "are not applicable in UTF-8 mode." msgstr "" "La sequenza ufficiale ESC per commutare da uno schema di codifica ISO 2022 " "(usato ad esempio dai terminali VT100) a UTF-8 è ESC % G (\"\\ex1b%G\"). La " "corrispondente sequenza di ritorno da UTF-8 a ISO 2022 è ESC % @ (\"\\ex1b%@" "\"). Altre sequenze ISO 2022 (come quelle per commutare gli insiemi G0 e G1) " "non sono applicabili in modalità UTF-8." #. type: TH #: fedora-40 mageia-cauldron #, no-wrap msgid "2024-01-28" msgstr "28 gennaio 2024" #. type: TH #: fedora-40 mageia-cauldron #, no-wrap msgid "Linux man-pages 6.06" msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.06" #. type: TH #: fedora-rawhide #, no-wrap msgid "2024-03-14" msgstr "14 marzo 2024" #. type: TH #: fedora-rawhide #, no-wrap msgid "Linux man-pages 6.7" msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.7" #. type: TH #: opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "2023-03-12" msgstr "12 marzo 2023" #. type: TH #: opensuse-leap-15-6 #, no-wrap msgid "Linux man-pages 6.04" msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.04" #. type: TH #: opensuse-tumbleweed #, fuzzy, no-wrap #| msgid "Linux man-pages 6.7" msgid "Linux man-pages (unreleased)" msgstr "Linux man-pages 6.7"