# Italian translation of manpages # This file is distributed under the same license as the manpages-l10n package. # Copyright © of this file: # Giulio Daprelà , 2006. # Marco Curreli , 2021. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: manpages-l10n 4.0.0\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2023-06-27 19:31+0200\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2021-03-25 19:38+0100\n" "Last-Translator: Marco Curreli \n" "Language-Team: Italian \n" "Language: it\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n" "X-Generator: Lokalize 20.12.3\n" #. type: Dd #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, no-wrap msgid "$Mdocdate: February 10 2020 $" msgstr "" #. type: Dt #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, no-wrap msgid "INETD 8" msgstr "INETD 8" #. type: Sh #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, no-wrap msgid "NAME" msgstr "NOME" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "E<.Nm inetd>, E<.Nm inetd.conf>" msgstr "E<.Nm inetd>, E<.Nm inetd.conf>" #. type: Nd #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, no-wrap msgid "internet super-server" msgstr "internet super-server" #. type: Sh #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, no-wrap msgid "SYNOPSIS" msgstr "SINTASSI" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "E<.Nm inetd> E<.Op Fl d> E<.Op Fl E> E<.Op Fl i> E<.Op Fl l> E<.Op Fl q Ar " "length> E<.Op Fl R Ar rate> E<.Op Ar configuration_file>" msgstr "" "E<.Nm inetd> E<.Op Fl d> E<.Op Fl E> E<.Op Fl i> E<.Op Fl l> E<.Op Fl q Ar " "lunghezza> E<.Op Fl R Ar rate> E<.Op Ar file_configurazione>" #. type: Sh #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, no-wrap msgid "DESCRIPTION" msgstr "DESCRIZIONE" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The E<.Nm inetd> program should be run at boot time by E<.Pa /etc/rc> " #| "(see E<.Xr rc 8>). It then listens for connections on certain internet " #| "sockets. When a connection is found on one of its sockets, it decides " #| "what service the socket corresponds to, and invokes a program to service " #| "the request. The server program is invoked with the service socket as " #| "its standard input, output and error descriptors. After the program is " #| "finished, E<.Nm inetd> continues to listen on the socket (except in some " #| "cases which will be described below). Essentially, E<.Nm inetd> allows " #| "running one daemon to invoke several others, reducing load on the system." msgid "" "E<.Nm inetd> listens for connections on certain internet sockets. When a " "connection is found on one of its sockets, it decides what service the " "socket corresponds to, and invokes a program to service the request. After " "the program is finished, it continues to listen on the socket (except in " "some cases which will be described below). Essentially, E<.Nm inetd> allows " "running one daemon to invoke several others, reducing load on the system." msgstr "" "Il programma E<.Nm inetd> deve essere eseguito all'avvio da E<.Pa /etc/rc> " "(vedere E<.Xr rc 8>). Esso quindi resta in ascolto di connessioni su certi " "socket internet. Quando su uno dei suoi socket viene trovata una " "connessione, esso decide a quale servizio il socket corrisponde, e invoca il " "programma per servire la richiesta. Il programma server è invocato con il " "socket del servizio come suo standard input, output e descrittori di errore. " "Dopo che il programma è finito E<.Nm inetd> continua ad ascoltare il socket " "(tranne in alcuni casi che verranno descritti sotto). Essenzialmente E<.Nm " "inetd> permette l'esecuzione di un demone per invocarne molti altri, " "riducendo il carico del sistema." #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "The options are as follows:" msgstr "Le opzioni sono le seguenti:" #. type: It #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, no-wrap msgid "Fl d" msgstr "Fl d" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "Turns on debugging." msgstr "Attiva il debugging." #. type: It #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, no-wrap msgid "Fl E" msgstr "Fl E" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "Prevents E<.Nm inetd> from laundering the environment. Without this option " "a selection of potentially harmful environment variables, including E<.Pa " "PATH>, will be removed and not inherited by services." msgstr "" #. type: It #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, no-wrap msgid "Fl i" msgstr "Fl i" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "Makes the program not daemonize itself." msgstr "" #. type: It #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, no-wrap msgid "Fl l" msgstr "Fl l" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "Turns on libwrap connection logging and access control. Internal services " "cannot be wrapped. When enabled, E<.Pa /usr/sbin/tcpd> is silently not " "executed even if present in E<.Pa /etc/inetd.conf> and instead libwrap is " "called directly by inetd." msgstr "" #. type: It #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, no-wrap msgid "Fl q Ar length" msgstr "Fl q Ar lunghezza" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "Specify the length of the E<.Xr listen 2> connections queue; the default is " "128." msgstr "" #. type: It #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, no-wrap msgid "Fl R Ar rate" msgstr "Fl R Ar rate" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "Specify the maximum number of times a service can be invoked in one minute; " "the default is 256. If a service exceeds this limit, E<.Nm> will log the " "problem and stop servicing requests for the specific service for ten " "minutes. See also the wait/nowait configuration fields below." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "Upon execution, E<.Nm inetd> reads its configuration information from a " "configuration file which, by default, is E<.Pa /etc/inetd.conf>. There must " "be an entry for each field of the configuration file, with entries for each " "field separated by a tab or a space. Comments are denoted by a E<.Dq #> at " "the beginning of a line. The fields of the configuration file are as " "follows:" msgstr "" "Una volta eseguito, E<.Nm inetd> legge le sue informazioni di configurazione " "da un file di configurazione che, per default, è E<.Pa /etc/inetd.conf>.Ci " "deve essere una voce per ciascun campo del file di configurazione, con voci " "per ciascun campo separate da un tab o uno spazio. Commenti sono segnati da " "un E<.Dq #> all'inizio di una riga. I campi del file di configurazione sono " "i seguenti:" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, fuzzy, no-wrap #| msgid "" #| "service name\n" #| "socket type\n" #| "protocol\n" #| "wait/nowait\n" #| "user\n" #| "server program\n" #| "server program arguments\n" msgid "" "service name\n" "socket type\n" "protocol[,sndbuf=size][,rcvbuf=size]\n" "wait/nowait[.max]\n" "user[.group] or user[:group]\n" "server program\n" "server program arguments\n" msgstr "" "nome del servizio\n" "tipo di socket\n" "protocollo[,sndbuf=size][,rcvbuf=size]\n" "\n" "wait/nowait[.max]\n" "utente[.group] or user[:group]\n" "programma server\n" "argomenti del programma server\n" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "To specify a Sun-RPC based service, the entry would contain these fields." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, fuzzy, no-wrap #| msgid "" #| "service name\n" #| "socket type\n" #| "protocol\n" #| "wait/nowait\n" #| "user\n" #| "server program\n" #| "server program arguments\n" msgid "" "service name/version\n" "socket type\n" "rpc/protocol[,sndbuf=size][,rcvbuf=size]\n" "wait/nowait[.max]\n" "user[.group] or user[:group]\n" "server program\n" "server program arguments\n" msgstr "" "nome del servizio/versione\n" "tipo di socket\n" "rpc/protocollo [,sndbuf=size][,rcvbuf=size]\n" "wait/nowait[.max]\n" "utente[.group] or user[:group]\n" "programma server\n" "argomenti del programma server\n" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "For internet services, the first field of the line may also have a host " "address specifier prefixed to it, separated from the service name by a " "colon. If this is done, the string before the colon in the first field " "indicates what local address E<.Nm> should use when listening for that " "service. Multiple local addresses can be specified on the same line, " "separated by commas. Numeric IP addresses in dotted-quad notation can be " "used as well as symbolic hostnames. Symbolic hostnames are looked up using " "E<.Fn getaddrinfo>. If a hostname has multiple address mappings, inetd " "creates a socket to listen on each address." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "The single character E<.Dq \\&*> indicates E<.Dv INADDR_ANY>, meaning E<.Dq " "all local addresses>. To avoid repeating an address that occurs frequently, " "a line with a host address specifier and colon, but no further fields, " "causes the host address specifier to be remembered and used for all further " "lines with no explicit host specifier (until another such line or the end of " "the file). A line" msgstr "" #. type: Dl #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, no-wrap msgid "*:" msgstr "*:" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "is implicitly provided at the top of the file; thus, traditional " "configuration files (which have no host address specifiers) will be " "interpreted in the traditional manner, with all services listened for on all " "local addresses. If the protocol is E<.Dq unix>, this value is ignored." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The E<.Em service-name> entry is the name of a valid service in the file " #| "E<.Pa /etc/services>. For E<.Dq internal> services (discussed below), " #| "the service name E<.Em must> be the official name of the service (that " #| "is, the first entry in E<.Pa /etc/services>). For TCPMUX services, the " #| "value of the E<.Em service-name> field consists of the string E<.Dq " #| "tcpmux> followed by a slash and the locally-chosen service name. The " #| "service names listed in E<.Pa /etc/services> and the name E<.Dq help> are " #| "reserved. Try to choose unique names for your TCPMUX services by " #| "prefixing them with your organization's name and suffixing them with a " #| "version number." msgid "" "The E<.Em service name> entry is the name of a valid service in the file E<." "Pa /etc/services> or a port number. For E<.Dq internal> services (discussed " "below), the service name E<.Em must> be the official name of the service " "(that is, the first entry in E<.Pa /etc/services>). When used to specify a " "Sun-RPC based service, this field is a valid RPC service name in the file E<." "Pa /etc/rpc>. The part on the right of the E<.Dq /> is the RPC version " "number. This can simply be a single numeric argument or a range of " "versions. A range is bounded by the low version to the high version - E<.Dq " "rusers/1\\-3>. For E<.Ux Ns -domain> sockets this field specifies the path " "name of the socket." msgstr "" "Il campo E<.Em service-name> è il nome di un servizio valido nel file E<.Pa /" "etc/services>. Per i servizi E<.Dq interni> (discussi sotto), il servizio " "nome E<.Em deve> essere il nome ufficiale del servizio (che è il primo campo " "in E<.Pa /etc/services>). Per i servizi TCPMUX, il valore del campo .Em " "service-name> consiste nella stringa E<.Dq tcpmux> seguita da uno slash e il " "nome del servizio scelto localmente. I nomi del servizio elencati in E<.Pa /" "etc/services> e il nome E<.Dq help> sono riservati. Provare a scegliere nomi " "unici pir i propri servizi TCPMUX prefissandoli con il nome della propria " "organizzazione e aggiungendo come suffisso un numero di versione." #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The E<.Em socket type> should be one of E<.Dq stream>, E<.Dq dgram>, E<." #| "Dq raw>, E<.Dq rdm>, or E<.Dq seqpacket>, depending on whether the socket " #| "is a stream, datagram, raw, reliably delivered message, or sequenced " #| "packet socket." msgid "" "The E<.Em socket type> should be one of E<.Dq stream> or E<.Dq dgram>, " "depending on whether the socket is a stream or datagram socket." msgstr "" "Il E<.Em socket-type> deve essere uno tra E<.Dq stream>, E<.Dq dgram>, E<.Dq " "raw>, E<.Dq rdm> o E<.Dq seqpacket>, in funzione di quale socket sia uno " "stream, datagramma, raw, messaggio recapitato affidabilmente, o socket " "sequenced packet." #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "The E<.Em protocol> must be a valid protocol as given in E<.Pa /etc/" "protocols or> E<.Dq unix>. Examples might be E<.Dq tcp> or E<.Dq udp>. RPC " "based services are specified with the E<.Dq rpc/tcp> or E<.Dq rpc/udp> " "service type. E<.Dq tcp> and E<.Dq udp> will be recognized as E<.Dq TCP or " "UDP over both IPv4 and IPv6.> If you need to specify IPv4 or IPv6 " "explicitly, use something like E<.Dq tcp4> or E<.Dq udp6>. A E<.Em " "protocol> of E<.Dq unix> is used to specify a socket in the E<.Ux Ns -" "domain>." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "In addition to the protocol, the configuration file may specify the send and " "receive socket buffer sizes for the listening socket. This is especially " "useful for E<.Tn TCP> as the window scale factor, which is based on the " "receive socket buffer size, is advertised when the connection handshake " "occurs, thus the socket buffer size for the server must be set on the listen " "socket. By increasing the socket buffer sizes, better E<.Tn TCP> " "performance may be realized in some situations. The socket buffer sizes are " "specified by appending their values to the protocol specification as follows:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, no-wrap msgid "" "tcp,rcvbuf=16384\n" "tcp,sndbuf=64k\n" "tcp,rcvbuf=64k,sndbuf=1m\n" msgstr "" "tcp,rcvbuf=16384\n" "tcp,sndbuf=64k\n" "tcp,rcvbuf=64k,sndbuf=1m\n" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "A literal value may be specified, or modified using E<.Sq k> to indicate " "kilobytes or E<.Sq m> to indicate megabytes." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "The E<.Em wait/nowait> entry is used to tell E<.Nm> if it should wait for " "the server program to return, or continue processing connections on the " "socket. If a datagram server connects to its peer, freeing the socket so E<." "Nm inetd> can receive further messages on the socket, it is said to be a E<." "Dq multi-threaded> server, and should use the E<.Dq nowait> entry. For " "datagram servers which process all incoming datagrams on a socket and " "eventually time out, the server is said to be E<.Dq single-threaded> and " "should use a E<.Dq wait> entry. E<.Xr comsat 8> E<.Pq Xr biff 1> and E<.Xr " "talkd 8> are both examples of the latter type of datagram server. The " "optional E<.Dq max> suffix (separated from E<.Dq wait> or E<.Dq nowait> by a " "dot) specifies the maximum number of times a service can be invoked in one " "minute; the default is 256. If a service exceeds this limit, E<.Nm> will " "log the problem and stop servicing requests for the specific service for ten " "minutes. See also the E<.Fl R> option above." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "Stream servers are usually marked as E<.Dq nowait> but if a single server " "process is to handle multiple connections, it may be marked as E<.Dq wait>. " "The master socket will then be passed as fd 0 to the server, which will then " "need to accept the incoming connection. The server should eventually time " "out and exit when no more connections are active. E<.Nm> will continue to " "listen on the master socket for connections, so the server should not close " "it when it exits." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "The E<.Em user> entry should contain the user name of the user as whom the " "server should run. This allows for servers to be given less permission than " "root. An optional group name can be specified by appending a dot to the " "user name followed by the group name. This allows for servers to run with a " "different (primary) group ID than specified in the password file. If a " "group is specified and user is not root, the supplementary groups associated " "with that user will still be set." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "The E<.Em server program> entry should contain the pathname of the program " "which is to be executed by E<.Nm inetd> when a request is found on its " "socket. If E<.Nm inetd> provides this service internally, this entry should " "be E<.Dq internal>." msgstr "" "Il campo E<.Em server program> deve contenere il percorso del programma che " "viene eseguito da E<.Nm inetd> quando viene rilevata una richiesta sul suo " "socket. Se E<.Nm inetd> fornisce il servizio internamente, questo campo deve " "essere E<.Dq internal>." #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "The E<.Em server program arguments> should be just as arguments normally " "are, starting with argv[0], which is the name of the program. If the " "service is provided internally, the word E<.Dq internal> should take the " "place of this entry." msgstr "" "Gli E<.Em argomenti del programma server> devono essere dei normali " "argomenti, che iniziano con argv[0], che è il nome del programma. Il " "servizio è fornito internamente, la parola E<.Dq internal> deve prendere il " "posto di questo campo." #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "E<.Nm inetd> provides several E<.Dq trivial> services internally by use " #| "of routines within itself. These services are E<.Dq echo>, E<.Dq " #| "discard>, E<.Dq chargen> (character generator), E<.Dq daytime> (human " #| "readable time), and E<.Dq time> (machine readable time, in the form of " #| "the number of seconds since midnight, January 1, 1900). All of these " #| "services are TCP based. For details of these services, consult the " #| "appropriate E<.Tn RFC> from the Network Information Center." msgid "" "E<.Nm inetd> provides several E<.Dq trivial> services internally by use of " "routines within itself. These services are E<.Dq echo>, E<.Dq discard>, E<." "Dq chargen> (character generator), E<.Dq daytime> (human readable time), and " "E<.Dq time> (machine readable time, in the form of the number of seconds " "since midnight, January 1, 1900). All of these services are TCP based. For " "details of these services, consult the appropriate RFC from the Network " "Information Center." msgstr "" "E<.Nm inetd> fornisce internamente numerosi servizi E<.Dq elementari> con " "l'uso delle sue routine. Questi servizi sono E<.Dq echo>, E<.Dq discard>, E<." "Dq chargen> (generatore caratteri), E<.Dq daytime> (ora leggibile " "dell'uomo), e E<.Dq time> (tempo leggibile dalla macchina, nella forma del " "numero di secondi a partire dalla mezzanotte dell'1 gennaio 1900). Tutti " "questi servizi sono basati su TCP. Per dettagli su questi servizi consultare " "le E<.Tn RFC> appropriate dal Network Information Center." #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "E<.Nm inetd> rereads its configuration file when it receives a hangup " "signal, E<.Dv SIGHUP>. Services may be added, deleted or modified when the " "configuration file is reread." msgstr "" "E<.Nm inetd> rilegge il suo file di configurazione quando riceve un segnale " "hangup, E<.Dv SIGHUP>. I servizi possono essere aggiunti, cancellati o " "modificati quando il file di configurazione viene riletto." #. type: Ss #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, no-wrap msgid "libwrap" msgstr "libwrap" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "Support for E<.Tn TCP> wrappers is included with E<.Nm> to provide built-in " "tcpd-like access control functionality. An external tcpd program is not " "needed. You do not need to change the E<.Pa /etc/inetd.conf> server-program " "entry to enable this capability. E<.Nm> uses E<.Pa /etc/hosts.allow> and E<." "Pa /etc/hosts.deny> for access control facility configurations, as described " "in E<.Xr hosts_access 5>." msgstr "" #. type: Ss #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, no-wrap msgid "IPv6 TCP/UDP behavior" msgstr "comportamento di IPv6 TCP/UDP" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "The default is to run two servers: one for IPv4 and one for IPv6 traffic. " "If you have different requirements then you may specify one or two separate " "lines in E<.Pa inetd.conf>, for E<.Dq tcp4> and E<.Dq tcp6>." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "Under various combinations of IPv4/v6 daemon settings, E<.Nm> will behave as " "follows:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "If you have only one server on E<.Dq tcp4>, IPv4 traffic will be routed to " "the server. IPv6 traffic will not be accepted." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "If you have two servers on E<.Dq tcp4> and E<.Dq tcp6>, IPv4 traffic will be " "routed to the server on E<.Dq tcp4>, and IPv6 traffic will go to the server " "on E<.Dq tcp6>, which is identical to the default behaviour when only E<.Dq " "tcp> is specified." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "If you have only one server on E<.Dq tcp6>, only IPv6 traffic will be routed " "to the server." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "The special E<.Dq tcp46> parameter can be used for obsolete servers which " "require to receive IPv4 connections mapped in an IPv6 socket. Its usage is " "discouraged." msgstr "" #. type: Sh #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, no-wrap msgid "FILES" msgstr "FILE" #. type: It #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, fuzzy, no-wrap #| msgid "I" msgid "Pa /etc/inetd.conf" msgstr "I" #. type: Sh #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, no-wrap msgid "SEE ALSO" msgstr "VEDERE ANCHE" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "E<.Xr fingerd 8>, E<.Xr ftpd 8>, E<.Xr identd 8>, E<.Xr talkd 8>" msgstr "E<.Xr fingerd 8>, E<.Xr ftpd 8>, E<.Xr identd 8>, E<.Xr talkd 8>" #. type: Sh #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, no-wrap msgid "HISTORY" msgstr "STORIA" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "The E<.Nm> command appeared in E<.Bx 4.3>. Support for Sun-RPC based " "services is modelled after that provided by SunOS 4.1. IPv6 support was " "added by the KAME project in 1999." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "Marco d'Itri ported this code from OpenBSD in summer 2002 and added socket " "buffers tuning and libwrap support from the NetBSD source tree." msgstr "" #. type: Sh #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable #, no-wrap msgid "BUGS" msgstr "BUG" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "On Linux systems, the daemon cannot reload its configuration and needs to be " "restarted when the host address for a service is changed between E<.Dq \\&*> " "and a specific address." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "Server programs used with E<.Dq dgram> E<.Dq udp> E<.Dq nowait> must read " "from the network socket, or E<.Nm inetd> will spawn processes until the " "maximum is reached." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: debian-bookworm debian-unstable msgid "" "Host address specifiers, while they make conceptual sense for RPC services, " "do not work entirely correctly. This is largely because the portmapper " "interface does not provide a way to register different ports for the same " "service on different local addresses. Provided you never have more than one " "entry for a given RPC service, everything should work correctly. (Note that " "default host address specifiers do apply to RPC lines with no explicit " "specifier.)" msgstr ""